The frontier., January 26, 1882, Image 1

About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965

Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE

                
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O’NEILL CITY, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 26,1882.
N0.27.
yol n.
nuitm DTEBEBTS.
■ About thirty good building* were put
up here during 188L Six of them coct oTer
*1,180 each. Daring 1888 we here no doubt
ti>»* twice thii number will be erected*
Among them ere tome very Him one*.—[Ex
eter Enterprise.
A ytnng man of this city who flgnre*
THJ prominently in eodety e topped through
bole In the aldewalk one dxy title week end
■pialned hi* ankle while trying to dirt with a
calico drew kinging on a clothe* line. Ere*
the mutter hi* hi* hour of »orrow.—[ Heatings
Democrat:
We know of a little fonr-year-old, who,
If he lire*, will be * eongreeemxn or president.
The other morning when the milkman rung
the bell at tbe door, the youngrier followed
M* mother to the door and eyeing the man In
the wagon curloualy for a moment eald:
•■flay, Mater Milkman, where 'oo glt’oo mllkt
•Oo milk 'oo cowl” The mrn not sndentand
lng the Inquiry, ached, “What did you aayt”
"011 know,” replied tbe youngster with a
twinkle to U* eye. “Oo ain’t got no eow;
♦oo milk ’OO home*.” The mother took her
young hopeful by tbe arm and led him uncerl
monloudy Into the bouse.—[Exeter Enter
rise.
The building boom in Halting* this
year will be equal to that at last.—[Demo
crat.
The atate board of agriculture daring
a meeting at Lincoln on tbe 18th, elected the
following officers for tbe ensuing year: E. D.
McIntyre, Seward, president; B. Dlnsmore,
Clay county, first vice-president; 8. M. Bar
ker, Platte eouutr, second vice-president;
C. Hartman, Douglas county, treasurer; D.
H. Wheeler, Cass county, secretary; Capt. A.
D. Yocum, Adams county, general suprtn
tendent; J. Jenson, Fllmore county, superin
tendent of gates. The following board of
managers was also elected: M. Dunham,
Douglas county; J. C. McBride, Lancaster
county; E. N. Grtnnell, Washington county;
R. W. Furnas, Nemaha county, and L. A.
Kent, Kearney county. The state fair will be
held at Omaha from September 11th to the
16th, Inclusive. The appropriation for speed
Is 62,100.
Mr. Frank Lamm a, brother of one of
the publishers of the Plum Creek Press, late
ly exhibited signs of mental abandon, and
his brother started with him on the cars for
BL Joe, Mo., to secure treatment. Soon after
the train had left Elm Creek station, 20 miles
east of Plum Creek, Frank, upon the pretense
of getting a drink, went to' tbe water tank at
the end of tbe car, opened the door and sprang
from the car, before he could be Intercepted.
The train was moving at full speed, but was
•topped almost Immediately. The brother In
charge at once started In pursuit, and follow
ed the escaping man several miles, bat, failed
to overtake him. Believing that Frank had
returned home, he went to Elm Creek,
thence by ears back to Plum Creek. He
soon learned that his brother had safely
reached his father’s home, having walked or
run from a point east of Elm Creek station,
(making about IS miles) In less than five
hours, with one of tbe most severe snow
storms of tbe winter beating directly in his
face. Frank Is 23 years of age, and has bm
a resMsM-of Dawson county since ita first set
tlement, bavin , gone there with bis parents
In 1872. He was by occupation a school teach
er and has made an excellent reputation In
that calling. The primary cause of the over
throw of his mental equilibrium la perhaps a
contusion of the frontal bone, received several
years since at tbe hands of a playmate who
struck him on the head with a hoe: this has
been augmented by great mental study. Dr.
Bancroft, who Is attending the ease, thinks
an operation to remove the portion of bone
now pressing on the skull, will be necessary
to completely restore Hr. Lamma to mental
health.
The following is from the Fremont
Press: Will Biles tied his horse to a peg in
e back yard, while he attended to his other
hones. When he had finished tbe same he
went to untie the horse and pnt him In the
barn. Whethef the horse worked the|halter
loose or whether he untied him, he doesn’t re
member. Neither does he know that the
hone kicked him at all, but when he came to
and went to the house he had the fearful
marks of the sharp shod hoof Imbedded deeply
over his left eye. He does no recollect the
circumstances, and of coarse knows nothing
of the details, but the fact remains the same.
The animal Is very gentle, and must have
kicked him In play; but it was a sad pastime
for Will, and will probably leave a mark for
Ufa. It cannot be determined at present Just
bow badly the eye will be affected.
Plum Creek has a man whose foot is
so large that the village shoe-maker cannot
Bt him, having no last large enough to set the
leather to. The Press says—rather facetious
ly, It la to be presumed—that the shoe-maker
has sent an order to California, for a last to
he made from tbe largest tree In the Tosemlte
▼alley.
LTwo different persons are consider
ing the matter of putting up a steam eleva
tor at Wood River.
Mr. Z. Shed, of Fremont, has remov
ed with his family to Denver. He still re
tains business Interests at tbe former place.
The Frees regrets his departure greatly.
The oomraisskmera of Dodge oounty
hare accepted the Platte river bridge at Fre
mont.
The state woman’* suffrage society
met at Lincoln on the 18th, sad adjourned
F ebruary 8th. Gen. E. E. Estabrook of
Omaha, occupied the chair.
Decatur's retail business the past
year Is claimed by the Herald to bare been
tUOtOOO, which, for an inland town is credita
ble, cren though the period was a Urely one.
Among Keligh's needs are a suitable
road “across the riser, ” a Ire eompany and a
“lockup.” Her chances to secure any of
them are thin, owing to the lassitude ot Inters
Chas. Pitcher, aged 19, one-quarter
T~»‘—i near Deeatnr, has gone Insane. The
other evening, after breaking his bed to
places, he split the door of hie room with his
gst^ad then tried to escape but waa restrained.
Hast day he had another attack, but waa pre
sented from doing Injury by being over
powered. He will doubtless be eared for by
the Indian department
It is now estimated that Gage county
■irtn hare four thousand acrea more of culti
vated land thla year than la 1881.' Corn at
usual wfll be the great crop depended upon.
—[Beatrice Independent.
Gage county has a population of
shout 111,000; of this Beatrice claims 3,600, and
' n pretty low estimate too.—(Independent.
Merrick county will not cash any
more county warrants unto Key, when the
XJ. F. will pay Its taxes, amounting to about
•80,000.
Central City, it is said, offers the in
ducement of a fortone la a abort time, to any
. one who will satshjlih a brick yard In that
MiTMJf NEWS.
Until li« List if Brief inn, Wftt
Ptlftfcs Iitirwim, ul iBkmI
•f Crln uf Ctsulflit
FnpMcAOrmlntiM Afai»tatl»Sew
T*rk “ImUu”
A ScbwM k Mae* ■nleaa CWmIWw .
Mhm hi FralfM Mm fit Wa
irj OOm tMkjMli.
a mura (tost.
A mysterious, yet honest and appar
ently well-meaning nun, of Cleveland, Ohio,
who went to the hotue of Prneldent Oarleld
at Mentor, before hie Inauguration, end tore
warned him that he would be tahea og h/ as-,
aaealnatton, predicta that Onltean will never
be bnng ;that he will be killed, and with him
a number of other people will be taken off.
The came prophet aaaerte that there la a con
spiracy on the part of every European nation,
except two, with high U. 8. officials, to termi
nate the republic and plant monarchy In lta
mine. Preell, at QnrOeld la eald to haTe been
so Impressed with the man’s story that he
wrote to secretary Schurs before proceeding
to Washington to take proper precaution
against any plot to end his life. Prom lnen:
Cleveland cltlxens to whom the prophesy of
assassination was made before Its occurrence,
are baffled to account tor the man's fore
sigh tedness.
WILL nOUBLT DI9ASUX.
A Washington dispatch of the 17th
•aid the Jar; In Gnltsaa’s csss will probably
disagree. Borne one Is said to have over
heard one of the jurors remark before he was
sworn In that Gulteau was eras;. The da
tense were more confident.
aw ocman disastxb.
The steamer City of Dallas from Be]
lUb for New Orleans, brought news of the
loaa of the British schooner, Weather Guage,
In a squall. She was loaded with twenty-fire
mules and ten passengers and was on her way
from America to Beliao. She was running un
der a light breese at eleren o’clock it night
on December Slat, with all sails set when she
was struck by a whirlwind. The Teasel was
lifted by the stern and went down by the bow
and tana. Captain Alvaro, the mate and
crew; Ur. Stapelton, a servant, and a pas
senger named Henry Fuea clung to the mast
and were finally picked oft a floating dory and
made their way ashore. Nothing was saTed
and the following named passengers were
lost: Dr. Stapleton and M. Hayden of the
Honduras railway, Silas Heighs, Be' ecca Bel
lies and child, John Augusta, Fredrick Hulse
and a Spanish boy.
cmaaso snrixcss.
The city comptroller’s report shows
that the receipts of the city last year were
18,581,000, and the expenditures (8,275,000.
▼SLID.
In • test case at yhicago Judge Barn- j
um decided the ordinance compelling manu
factures which use soft coal to employ a
smoke consumer, was a valid ease. It will be
taken to the supreme court.
ms cmtumiAL AmrirsasAnT.
One hundred years from the 18th of i
this month Daniel Webster was born. The
event was commemorated at Boston and
Washington.
TUI IOWA FOULTBT SHOW.
Two hundred and fifty entries were
made at the Iowa poultry show at Ottumwa.
The whole state was fairly represented.
j dicxissoh’s dbbut.
Anna Dickinson made her debut as
Hamlet at Rochester, New Fork, the other
evening. She was well received, and the char
acter pronounced a success.
A HAID HUT CSACIBD.
The Chicago Tribune announces that
perpetual motion hat been discovered by Fro-;
lessor Joshua Garrett, who hat been a me
chanic many years and lain no respect cranky.
His system consists of two cylinders working
trantversly In a vacuum upon the third. The
model works until the bearings are worn out,
thus creating practically perpetual motion.
TUiriSAHCB.
The Illinois state temperanoe union
before adjourning at Springfield adopted a
resolution calling on the legislature at lta
next regular session to submit to a vote of
the people an amendment to the state consti
tution prohibiting the manufacture, importa
tion or sale In the state,of Intoxicating liquors
for drinking purposes.
WAXLIKI xovamsTs. <- -
* Alarm is caused by warlike prepara
tions going on In regiments marching south.
They pass through Vienna, Austria, dally.
Soldiers are paid the same as In time of war.
The general Impression In military circles Is
that the entire army Is to be mobilised In the
spring.
A BICKBKISO IIGHT.
John Williams, a shoemaker of Jer
sey City, recently died with the email-pox,
leering a vile and fire children. The neigh
bora were afraid of the dlreaae, and when
Deputy Inspector Bullvan came to fumigate
the house, instated the bed should be burned.
A few days Utter the deputy health Inspector
rial ted tie place and found the mother lying
one heap of rags and a carpet, covered with
poetules of small-pox. On her right was the
dead body of her little boy; in the corner of
the room was fitting a little fellow cn whose
faee was the shadow of death, while hud
dling to the cold stone were the two remain
ing children. The survivors were taken to
the peet house and the dead buried at the ex
pense of the county.
non as nr nxxico.
Concession has been granted the Mex
ican Southern railway for colonisation along
the route. The government pays 135 for each
individual and 09 per family. Not less than
5,000 families must be settled during the first
five, and 2,000 the first ten years. Three-fifths
of tbe colonised must be Europeans The
company la negotiating for the purchase of
the Hucan railroad.
rauioHT mans.
An the roads leading east to New
Teak from Chicago have decided to advance
rates on grain on tbe basis of 20 per cent, per
100 pounds, and on provisions 25 per cent.
This decision was brought about by the Balti
more & Ohio and Grand Trunk railways ac
cepting tbe terms of settlement which the
other roads agreed to. The figures, to which
thj rates have.been restored, are the same as
those agreed upon June 15th, 1881. West
bound rates were restored to the iar.lt of Au
gust 5th, 1881. Ttere will not be any advance
in passenger rates at present, probably, hot
will be before long.
van HXKsooomrisx uraiam.
A cable from Ragousa gives a long
eeepmat of the insurrection hi BereogoviaU
•pWiaMank Thapointof It Is that
tho rising l« general aad eery algnllcant, tl
thoagh without representation. One engage
ment ha* taken place, aad the AoaManaara
reported to bare bean bad!; beaten.'
orrosmoros “nAcnnrn.”
A number of New York anti-machine
repabUcaas are about to organise after the
Brooklyn joong men’e republican club
pattern. Many old hSbds are leading the
movement, aad a meeting win toon be held to
be addressed by Xrarta, Dorman B. Baton,
Sehnn^ohn day, Jackson, Bcholti end other*.
anuiiDOinuune.
nrmoTXD.
The Malloy brothers and -Blanche
DongUefhaTe been Indicted lor the murder
of Jennie Cramer on the 5th of August last
The blU charges them with murder In the drat
degree. -s ,
VO n KULLMPe
It is rumored In London that the
British navy attache at Washington, D. C.
s to be recalled and no snecessorappointed.
& * V- smssts tiftai “1 'v ■
Charles Barry, of Bradford, Fa., was
blown to piece* at Rlchburg, New York, by
the explosion of Ire pound* of ultro glycer
eng.
Two bricklayen, name* unknown,
while going to work at Irondale, ten miles
■oath of Chicago, at 7:30 the other morning,
wen struck hr a switch engine, their bodies
dragged a oug instance and so frightfully
mangled as to be unrecognisable.
a kuck ramoTiD sir
The grand Jury at Columbus, Ohio,
has completed its lnyestlgation of the for
geries of the assistant secretary of the state
board of public works,?. W. Newberg,amount
ing to (90,000, and returned fifty-two indict
ments. , If conylcted on each, as is possible,
he will by the lowest aggregate penalties be
sentenced to fifty-two years In the penitentiary
or at the greatest 570 years.
ATlyiVINO UTIU.
In the district court at Cheyenne,Chief
Justice Sener has ordered the name of Charles
A. Hoyt stricken from the roll of practising
attorneys for falling to pay oyer 13,067, money
entrusted to him by his client. Hoyt has fled.
He was last beard from in New Tork city’
He has also been Indicted by the grand jury.
There la a reward of 3350 offered for his ap
prehension.
8IAIA-FOX.
Sow to Pro Tent and Cure It—Some Facts
from an Old Nurse—An Inter
view with “ Son.”
Everyone is interested in small-pox
information now. I am very greatly concern
ed about It, liTlng, as I do, near that case just
discovered In Omaha. Of course it is the sub
ject of talk among Omaha people, and It was
during a chance interview that Hr. Wm. Spen
cer, who is at present the engineer of the
Western Newspaper Union of that city, dis
closed what he knows about the dread mal
ady.
Spencer was formerly a river engineer, but
hasaknsckof doing anything that energy
and will l ower can accomplish.
“WU-u X came up to St. Louis In ’63 on the
Jeannette,” he said, “the quarantine officers
surrounded us and wouldn’t allow a landing
Jfi).hgdqulte a loLof mall-pox on board, but
Thaan’t caught It yet. Ton know that was
the year It was so bad. Cairo, Memphis, Cape
Glradeau. and up at the mouth of the Cum
berland river—they were just swamped with
It. Well, as I was saving they took us to the
pest house—the old Fifth street hospital was
what the place was called—and I threw off my
coat and went to work. Dr. Hughs had
charge of the Institution. The room that I
waa m was lined with poor fellows—their faces
lust one mass of corruption, where the seres
had broken.”
“What an the first signs of small-pox!’
wm Mked.
“Well," said the relator, “they had a kind
of aoarness across the back of the neck. The
akin then seemed lumpy, as if shots were
under it. Some times large lumps would ap
pear in various parts of the body.”
Spencer then went on to tell of a young St.
Ix>uls merchant who, having lifted a great
deal during the day, complained of soarness
in the back part of the neck. Doctors pro
nounced It the first symptoms and persuaded
him to go to the pest house. He did so and
laid around for nine weeks, waiting for the
disease to operate. But It woaldn't, and he
went home, after changing clothes, and
never had a touch of smau-pox.
The tales that followed concerning patients
who had become delirious were harassing, and
need not be repeated.
“What did you give the patients!” I In
quired.
“Well, we starved them most of the time.
Cream of tartar was the only thing we had
them take as medicine. For a diet we fed
arrow root and oat-meal—that's all.”
“Do you think cream of tartar a good thing
tor It!”
“Oh, yes,” replied Spencer, with an air of
confidence, “I know It Is. We lost only five
out of eighty patients In our room, ana none
of the nurses caught the disease.
There were twenty-four male nnrses
in the hospital, and ten sisters of
charity. We all drank cream of tartar dis
solved—nude pretty milky, you know, and
it seemed to cleanse the syatemof every germ
of disease.”
“Would you recommend it now as a pre
ventive!”
“Oh, yet; take shout a spoonful twice a day,
and It will make you safe enough.”
But he also favors vaccination, as he said in
subsequent remarks that one remedy is good
to prevent It, but botl are better.
Lore Making it Darenport.
Dmaport Democrat.
One day last week a couple of young
ladies went to the Ferry street depot to
see a friend who was coming from the
west, on her way to an eastern city. A
young gentleman met them at the de
pot, and the three boarded the Pullman
car together and found the friend.
Then it was agreed that the Davenport
trio should accompany the fair western
er as far as Moline. It was a beautiful,
bright morning—and one of the young
lames, not being so intimate with the
passenger as was her friend, thought to
leave the two in communion, and so
said she would like to stand on tho
platform while the train was crossing
the river. So the young gent handed
her to the platform aforesaid—and
right there, while the coach is above
the middle of the mighty Mississippi, he
asked her if she would be his; she said
she would—he kissed her, and a titter
in the doorway alarmed them. And in
that door stood the two young ladies
who had been left for communion of
heart in the car! There were blushes and
confusion on the part of the lovers—but
a momentus crisis had been passed, and
the two spectators became as happy
over it as the lovers themselves.
The Chinaman’s Jake.
When the Chinese embassy was pre
sented to the president on Saturday af
ternoon they were also formally intro
duced to Secretary of State FreUnghuy
sen and his son. The Chinese officials
made the usual imposing bow, first to
the secretary and then to young Mr.
Frelinghuysen. The interpreter ex
plained that the latter held no official
position, and was merely a spectator.
The Chinese pondered the matter for a
while, and then one of them, who
speaks English a little, smiled as if the
situation had dawned on him, and said:
“I see. One old Huysen and other
young Huysen.”
“He went to sea and found it dry,”
means that a cowardly man will always
tail in his undertakings.
TU ttAXHHPS CBDONAIto S
ABOOMKMT VOI THX nOOm
Ajroraot DAT’S Dimonnrt
. mmi'i irucH. ' ;
The fpeech which the eewumin pre
pared to deliver to the Jury tu given by him
to the newspapers on the 16th instant. Item
bodlea the theory all along enunciated by
him, regarding the defense, and abounds In
characteristic egotism. He reaffirms the be
lle! that he was Dorn to be president, and as
serts that In 1884, U called to the chief
magistracy, be will clean out the Mormons.
“To bang a men,’’ says Gulteau In conclusion,
“In my mental condition on July 2d when I
Bred on the president would be a lasting dis
grace to tbe American people. The mothers
and daughters of tbe republic are praying
that you will vindicate my Inspiration. I beg
of you do not get Deity down on you by med
dling with this case. I beg of you for your
own sakes and for tbe sake of the American I
people and for the sake of generations yet in
born, that /on let this case alone;. You am
not affordio touch It. Let your verdict 9s,
that It was Deity’s act, not mine. When the
president was shot bis cabinet telegraphed to
foreign natlona that lfwaathe actot a ‘mtfc.
man,7 add It will be far better eKry wny tuX
It be officially decided that It was the act of a
madman.11
•OOVTLLB’B ADDBXB8.
Argument for tbe prisoner was continued
on the 16th. Mr. ScoviUe commenced Imme
diately after court came to order. He
warned tbe Jury against the passionate ap
peals that might be expected from Mr. Porter,
who would make tbe closing address for the
prosecution, saying Porter would invariably
seek to influence them through their emotions,
to touch their hearts and sway their sympa
thies rather than to convince their judg
ments.
The prosecution state that if the prisoner
knew the act was wrong on July 2d, then he
should hang. Now this is by no means the
whole of it or correct statement of tbe law.
The court has added In substance as follows:
“fet, if In this act he was overpowered by a
consciousness coming through his diseased
mind that he was doing what was necessary
for the good of the country and was specially
approved by God, then you cannot convict
him of murder.” Continuing, Scoville said
the second dount In the indictment is a per
version of the testimony and he proceeded
to sustain this count by reading from Da
vidge’s speech and comparing it with the tea
uuieuy.
“Oh, that** for money,** called out Guifc
eau. “He is paid for that. He don’t believe
t.»»
Scovllle pretended that the facts were per
verted, and particularly the evidence as to
the immorality of the prisoner. The only al
legation that will hold against him is that of
adultery.
Gulteau shouted out, “How many innocent
people are there who are in this court room!**
and he added, “Not one.” A moment later
he called out, “I don’t care to libel Christian
people, but I want the record straight. I say
that high-toned Chrlotlan men and women are
virtuous, but the mass of mankind are not
Let that go on the record.” As Scoville paus
ed, Guiteau raised a laugh by calling out,
“Ain’t that a pretty good place to stop, Sco
ville ! It is most half past twelve; let’s have
recess.”
After recess Scovllle pointed out what he
termed perversions of evidence bv Davidge,
saying he did not propose to have facts go be
fore the jury wilfully perverted or artificially
obscured.
Gulteau—That’s right; Davidge bad better
read my speech; It is published in all the
leading papers of America this morning.
Scotdlle attacked the theory of the prosecu
tion. It was, he said, the prisoner’s own
innate or acquired depravity that naturally
led to the killing of the president.
As the court was about to adlouru, Guiteau
desired the Judge to read bis (Guiteau’s)
speech and proposed to discuss it to-morrow.
Adjourned.
LIBlIi SUIT OBDBRKD.
Scovllle, counsel for Guiteau, has ordered
libel suit against the Chicago Herald company
for recent publications concerning hi* bank
ruptcy proceedings some years ago.
kOBAL GUILT.
SUCH, BATS 8COVILLS, IS THAT OF THB STAL
WARTS.
On the 18th instant Scoville created
quite a sensation in court by charging upon
Grant, Conkling, Arthur and men of their
opinions, the responsibility of being the
moral cause of Guiteau’s act. “Irf*my opin
ion,” he said in his argument to the jury,
“if there were not reasons, and powerful ones,
back of this prosecution, this prisoner would
never have been brought to trial; but I tell
you, gentlemen of the Jury, back of this pro
secution is an influence which I have felt,
and which you may feel, gentlemen, before
this trial is concluded. There are polltl
claiis who seek to hide their own shame be
hind the disgrace of this poor prisoner
and make him the scapegoat for their crimes.
I did not Intend, gentlemen of the jury, to
take up this feature of the case, but when I
find the power and offices of the govern
ment used against me in denying the small
Jfittance that I have asked for—a fair and
mpartlal trial, and facilities needed for
proper defense—I do not propose to keep
quiet. I saj that such men as Grant and
Conkling and Arthur are morally and
intellectually responsible for this act.
Mr. Conkling shall not escape. He shall
not shirk the responsibility of the state of
thinge that led to this act, and be shall not
escape the condemnation of the American
people if I can help it, for his share in thiB
disgraceful scramble for office that led to
s conflict with the chosen ruler of a great
nation, and led this poor insane man to
compass what they would have received
with satisfaction, as would hundreds ol
other politicians, if It could occur other
than through the assassination of Gar
field who stood in the way of their un
righteous and disgraceful struggle for of
fice. Neither shall Grant escape that con
demnation to which he is so justly subjected,
when coming from Mexico and coming with
uuuuc uboki iu uiiuit uiR uwu Home luuo
the petty quarrel about a email office In the
republican party, and sought to ferment the
difference that had sprang up. I am not
going to see the misdeeds of these men,
n gh In power, visited upon the head of this
poor Insane man If I can help It. This
clamor for his blood is not for the purpose
of avenging Garfield or of satisfying Jns
tlce, but their theory Is this: If it can be
shown that this was the act of a sane man,
then these politicians In high places will say,
of course, we are not responsible for the act
of a sane man. To be sure we had some dif
ferences, but then it would never have led a
sane man to such a deed. But, on the con
trary, gentlemen of the Jury, what is the ef
fect of your verdict If you acquit him as In
sane Why, the people will say some one Is at
fault. They say we will fix the crime upon the
heads and hearts of those men who w aged war
on our poor dead president until It drove this
poor Insane man to kill him. There are men
In high places who are the really culpable
ones, who will go down to posterity with a
stigma upon their names and the detestation
of their countrymen fastened upon their mem
ories.”
GUITKAU TALKS,
WHICH IS HOT AH UHCStJAL THIHQ.
According to arrangement Gniteau
addressed the Jury on the 21st Inst, and the
main points of his remarks have been pub
liehed In the newspapers. His manner to a
casual observer seemed completely self-pos
sessed, as usual, but behind the ostentatious at
fection of composure, an Intense feeling which
was only held in control through undoubted
strength of will. HU excitement was be
trayed by a slight hectic spot high up upon
one cheek of his usually colorless face, and
by the unusual deliberation with which be
began and for some time continued to speak.
Whether this excitement was from merely
superficial effect Upon his emotions, naturally
Incident to the occasion, or whether It pro
ceeded from a deeper or more overpowering
influence—the true realisation of hU position,
an almost convicted murderer pleading for
hU life—it were difficult to define.
It Acts Sore and Safe.
The celebrated remedy Kidney-Wort saw
now be obtained in the usual dry vegetable
fonn, or in liquid form. It U put up in the
latter way for the especial convenience ‘Of
those who cannot readily prepare It. It will
be found very concentrated and will act with
equal efficiency In either case. Bee ady.
^ WEBSTER’S WEAKNESS.
What It Vu, mad Haw It AMU ba it*
*»rd*d—Reply of tha Groat Orator
ta Hajaa*
Henry Cabot Lode* Hi February Atlantic.
When Webeter failed, it waa a moral
failure. Moral weakness was the cause,
of the acceptance of money and of the
fall of the 7 th of Match. Intellectually,
he ranks among the greatest men of
his race or country. His mind was not
profoundly original, nor did he hare
that unknown subtle quality, rarely met
with among statesmen or lawyers, but
to be found in poets and artists, which
men hare agreed to call genius. We
Watch the feats of some superb athlete,
and all that he does is impossible to us,
far beyond our reach; but we under
stand how ererything is done, and what
muscles are needed. We obserre the
performances of an eastern juggler; we
lee the results, we appreciate toe skill,
httt the secret of the trick escapes us.
iSUaiatrue also-of mental operations;
B is the difference between the mind of
Shakespeare and that of Pitt, a differ
ence, not of degree, but of kind. Web
ster belongs to the athletes. We can
do nothing but adiniro achievements so
far beyond our grasp, and gaze with
wonder upon thedevelopment so power
ful, so trained, so splendid. But we
can understand it all, both the mind and
its operations. It is intellect raised to
any power you please, but it is still an
intellect, a form and process with which
we are familiar. There is none of the
baffling sleight of hand, the inexplica
ble institutions of genius. Webster has
been accused of appropriating the fruits
of other men’s labor to his own uses
and glory, This is perfectly idle crit
icism. Webster bad the common qual
ity of greatness, a quick perception of
the value of suggestions, and thoughts
put forth by other men, and the capaci
ty to detect their value and use them;
making them bear fruit instead of re
maining sterile in the hands of the dis
coverer. But after all is. said, we come
back to the simple statement that he was
a very groat man; intellectually, one of
the greatest men of his age. He is one
of the chief figures of our history, and
his fame as a lawyer, an orator, and a
statesman is part of that history. There
he stands before us, grandly, vividly,
with all his glories and all his failings.
The uppermost thought, as we look at
him, is of his devotion to the Union,
and of the great work which he did in
strengthening and building up the na
tional sentiment. That sentiment, the
love of Webster’s life, proved powerful
enough to save the Union in the hours
of supreme trial. There is no need, and1
it would not be right, to overlook or to
forget his errors and failings, all the
more grievous because he was so gifted.
All men, even those who censure him
most severely, acknowledge his great
ness. But it is not his fame which will
plead most strongly for him when his
faults are brought to the bar of history
to receive judgment It will be the
thought of a united country the ideal of
his hopes, the inspiration of the noblest
efforts of his intellect, which will lead
men to say, even while they condemn,
“Forgive him, for he loved much.”
{ BIS REPLY TO HAYNE.
.Out of the tariff came the resistance
of South Carolina, to the laws of the
United States, and the doctrine of
nullification formulated by Mr. Cal
houn. This theory of disintegration
and disunion for the first time found
open expression and bold advocacy in a
debate arising unexpectedly upon a
harmless resolution concerning the
public lands. Its exponent was Mr.
Hayne, who has gained an enduring if
unenviable fame from having Men
crushed on this occasion by Mr. Webster.
Hayne was, nevertheless, a man of
much ability, young, fluent, and filled
with the ideas of the atlas of the slave
world, who sot by and watched the con
flict from the chair of the vice-presi
dent. His first speech went beyond the
limits of the resolution, touching severely
on New England; and hinting strongly
at state resistance. To this Mr. Web
ster replied, and Hayne then responded
at length denouncing New England with
increased vehemence, and boldly advo
cating the nullification doctrine. The
next day, before a crowded audience,
Mr. Webster answered him in a speech
which stands unequaled in the annals
of American debate, and is one of the
masterpieces of English oratory. This
great speech offers no loop-hole for
criticism. In elevation of tone, in fit
ness to the imperial theme, in range of
thought, patriotism, imagination, and
styleT it is all that the most exacting
taste could demand. It has all the
qualities of Mr. Webster’s occasional
speeches, together with those other at
tributes which are required by debate.
Mr. Webster made many other great
speeches in congress, but no one can
doubt that he would be content to have
his standing as a parliamentary orator
determined by the reply to Hayne. That
speech was delivered when he was in
the prime of manhood and in the full
vigor of his strength. His personal ap
pearance, his voice and manner, then
as always greatiy enhanced the effect
of everythin < he said. The slender boy,
unfit for the labor of the farm, had
developed into a man of large and com
manding presence. Mr. Webster was
lest) tnan six ieei in neignu yei eveiy
artist has portrayed him as of almost
heroic stature. The fact was that he
impressed those who saw and beard
him as of gigantic mould. A Liverpool
navvy is said to have pointed at him in
the street, and called out, “There goes
a kingl1’ and Carlyle is reported to
have said that he looked like “a walk
ing cathedral.” His head was very
large, of fine shape and with a noble
brow, beneath which great eyes looked
out full of dusky light when in repose,
and glowing like fires when he was ex
cited! His massive features, black hair,
and swarthy complexion, together with
a manner extremely grand and solemn,
all contributed to ronder him impressive
to an extraordinary degree. His voice
was one of great richness and compass,
in its highest pitch never shrill, but
penetrating to the remotest corner of
hall or senate chamber, and in the open
air to the very outskirts of a vast crowd.
When he rose to reply to Hayne he
must have had, like Lord Thurlow when
he answered the Duke of Grafton,and in
a still greater degree, “the loox of Jove
when he has grasped the thunder.”
The effect of this speech at the mo
ment was overwhelming, and its results
were hardly less so. It crushed the nul
lification theory in congress, and forced
the southern leaders back upon the
more difficult and less acceptable ground
of secession. So far as argument could
go, circulated as it was in that speech
by tens of thousands of copies, it fixed
public opinion throughout the north at
feast in unalterable opposition to the
South Carolina doctrines, and prepared
the whole country for the support of
the administration in the crisis which
was close at hand.
. . • unu.
- n-wiuuuM woud«#obth. - '
Imet Louisa in the shade;
And haring seen that lovely maid,
Wly ibonld I fur to say
That die Is ruddy, fleet end strong,
And down the rocki can lup along
Like rlrnleti in Mayl
And (he hath amllca to earth unknown)
Smiles, that with motion of their own
Do spread and link and rise; a
That come and go with endleu play,
And ever, aa theytpaaa away,
Are hidden In her eyes. '
She loyes her Are, her cottage home,
. Yet o'er the moorland will she roam
In wuther rough and bleak;
And, when against the wind she strains,
Oh 1 might I kiss the mountain rains
That sparkle on her cheek.
.Take all that’s mine "beneath the moon,’’
If I with her but half a noon
. Hay sit beneath the walls . s '
-Ofeosue old care or most? MHfSWiigj
■ When up she winds along thehcook^'
To hunt the waterfalls.
THE FIT OF DEATH.
BY H. QUAD,
xrom too ueirou * r*e rrw.
Up the hill, past tho burying grounds,
and as the roads fork I look for signs of
the crater. There are the signs. Away
to the left and high in the air are the
buzzards sailing in slow circles. I
fonnd them at Siiarpsburg, at Winchest
er, at Malvern Hill, at Cedar Creek—I
saw them hovering over a score of dif
ferent battle-fields. That was the first
thing I looked for as I rode along the
dusty highway towards the fighting
grounds. When the buzzards could be
seen there was no need to ask further
information. At Malvern Hill there
were a hundred of them fluttering over
the field where the corpses haa lain
thickest. At Cedar Creek I could have
killed them as they sat on the breast
works and uttered their horrible notes.
At Chancellorsviile I drove one off the
sione erectcu to tne momory oi stone
wall Jackson, and over in the field
where a blackoned chimney, rotting
cannon-wheels and hillocks of earth
mark the spot where Hooker massed
his guns, half a hundred of the croak
ing birds dispute the ground with me.
And so, turning to the left, I ride
down a foot-path running between a
cotton and a peanut field, and find my
self at length in front of a hill covered
with pine and peach trees. This bill is
the crater. When once you have climb
ed its sides it is no longer a bill. You
look down into an irregular hollow a
hundred and fifty feet long by from
twenty to forty broad, and that hollow
will live forever in our war history as
the crater. Weeds, grass and the
young peach and pine trees hide much
of the horror of the spot, but one who
has time to tarry can place everything
as it was on that mornmg of July 30,
1864, when it was a hole twenty-five
feet deep and full of dead and wound
federalsr
The mine can be traced from the cra
ter to the spot where thefederals turned
the first sod. The long gallery is marked
by a caving in of the earth, and the shaft
has caved in and filled up until one
would not know what it was. Right at
this point, and what first suggested the
idea of the mine, the lines are so close
together that one can stand at the cra
ter and hurl a peach stone into the
thicket where the federal pickets were
stationed. At no other point on the
lines around Petersburg were federal
tnd confederate able to look into each
ither’s eyos. It is hardly twenty steps
icross the cotton-field to. the edge of
be thicket, and here for months not a
land could be shown that a dozen bul
ets did not whiz for it When there
was no firing, the confederates in tho
'ort and the federal pickets in the
,hicket could converse in ordinary tones
if voice.
When Grant swung around he pushed
in until Lee checked him, ana then
itopped right there and began intrench
ng. This made a very irregular line,
kt the crater the federals held the
.hicket along the creek, the railroad
lehind it and the forest still farther
lack. Hardly eighty rods above, the
sonfederates held tne same thicket,
ireek and railroad track.
It is said that the idea of tunneling
indcr the six-gun confederate fort at
his point originated with a Pennsylva
lia miner who was lerving in one of the
regiments in Burnside’s corps. A lieu
:enant in a New York infantry regiment
s also mentioned, and had the mine been
i success probably a dozen men would
lave stepped forward to claim the honor.
Sfo matter who carried the idea to Bum
lide, he grasped at it. War means hor
rible wounds and sickening sights and
leath in a dozen terrible forms, but in a
war between civilized nations men do
aot look upon such weapons as mines
with much favor. A direct attack upon
his six-gun fort would have resulted in
repulse. If it could be blown out of
he way there would be a gap in the
jonfederate lines through which whole
iirigades could pour. One brigade
hrough that gap and Lee’s lines were
gone.
The work was done by old coal
miners working in regular gangs, and
the shaft was sunk about 500 feet before
the gallery branched off. This gallery
was wide enough for two men to work
abreast, and oyer four feet high. One
of the greatest troubles was in survey
ing the route and striking the proper
distance, and even when the gallery was
under the fort no one felt exactly sure
within six or eight feet. A little science
and a great deal of guessing, however,
struck the right spot, and galleries were
then dug to the right and left for a dis
tance of thirty feet
The confederates within the fort were
totally unsuspicious of what was going
on beneath them. Once, when one of
the wing galleries was being excavated,
a soldier who was lying on the ground
suddenly called out that he could hear
the sounds of digging, but those to whom
he appealed said that it must be rats
burrowing their way in to get at the
Drovisions. Again, a negro who had
been within Burnside s lines reported
seeing the shaft, but the men supposed
the federal s were digging a well.
When the mine had been finished
Grant suddenly discovered that it was
a grand thing and certain to work,
though during its progress “Burnside’s
Tunnel" was as much jeered at as
Butler’s Dutch Gap Canal. Powder was
brought up for it and carefully carried
through the long, dark hole until eight
tons were heaped under the fort. Then
a single sentinel held the place until
Grant should be ready.
Grant was ready on the SOth of
August. He had sent a force to the
north of the James to compel Lee to
draw off some of his force from the
Petersburg lines, and every federal fort
the length of the long line *u ordered
to open fire from eyery gun at a given
signal. It waa hoped that this terrific
fire would keep the confederates from
rallying to repulse the column of assault
at the fort to be blown up.
At half-past 3 o’clock on the morning
of tho 30th it would be break of day. It
would also be the hour when even
watchful soldiers would regard the
dangers of the night as passed and feel
sleep tugging at their eve-lids. Long
before that hour Marshall's brigade of
Ledie’s division bad marched silently
down from the pine forest and drawn up
in column for assault, within half-pistol
sl'ot of the fort; other brigades followed,
and in the gray of morning there stood
Burnside’s whele corps in battle line,
every man knowing of the mine and
every man believing that success was
sure. The last regiment down had been
standing in line half an hour when the
stars paled, a dim light crept over tho
fields, and men whispered to each other
that they could see the flag on the fort
The moment had come for the explosion
and « whole corps was- trembling with
excitement. - _ — -■
Men who had planned, excavated and
placed the powder could surely bo trust
ed to lay the fuse and light it, out either
fear or carelessness upset the. whole
plan. The fuse burned a little way and
then tho flro died out. Daylight came
faster and grew broader. From being
barely able to .'iscern the flag flying
over tho sleeping fort, the soldiers could,
at length, see the roofs and spires of
Petersburg, a mile and a half away.
Reveille was sounded all along the con
federate lines when a volunteer descend
ed the shaft, replaced the fuse, and made
sure of his work,
There first came a slight heaving of
the earth, then a sinking down, and all
at once the fort rose in a cloud of flame
and smoke, and tho ground shook for a
mile around. Even before the sods and
dirt had ceased falling the Now York
Fourteenth Artillerymen were dashing
into the cloud of smoke, closely follow
ed by a whole brigade.
As the men rusned for the spot where
the fort had stood they found the ugly
hole which had since been known as the
orator. The burned and blackened and
mangled bodies of nearly 200 confeder
ates were lying in and about the pit,
some half buried in the dirt, some gasp
mg m agony, ana some crushed to pulp
under the heavy guns which had fol
lowed them into the air and fallen back
to the earth with an awful thud. The
forthad been swept away, and here was
tho (,ap, but to pass through Lee’s lines
the federals must jump down those
ragged banks,clamber over that horrible
debris, and scramble up a height of
twenty-five feet and reform. Those who
had planned the destruction of tho fort
had not planned this terrible death-trap
for federal soldiers, but it was to prove
one just the same.
Wild with excitement the officers cried
“Forward!” and company after com
pany and rigiment after regiment
turn bled into the pit on one
side and tried to climb out on the other.
All organization was at once lost, and
the horrible sights in the pit dampened
all enthusiasm. It was a mob in the
crater—a shouting,struggling mob, and
when one got out three lresh men
charged in as the assaulting columns
advanced
It was a surprise to the confederates,
even when so many were awake and
daybreak had come. Had this explosion
taken place as planned Lee’s lines would,
have been broken. As it was, the men
in the two flanking forts were so dumb
founded and dazed by the shock that not
a gun was fired uutil the rumble of
Grant’s cannon had gone clear down his
lines and back and the {crater was full
of federals. Then the confederates
realized the situation and acted quickly.
The fort was gone, but the parallels had
not been disturbed. Moving to the
threatened point from right'and left they
soon had force enough to hold the gap.
Indeed they soon held the pit with its
mob of disorganized soldiers, and not a
man could raise his head without receiv
ing a bullet.
At Fredericksburg, when Burnside
found his assaults upon Mary’s Hill re
sulting only in horrible slaughter, he
appeared to grow wild and reckless. At
the crater, when he found his columns of
assault checked by the pit, he continued
to add to its horrors by urging forward
other columns. The space between the
fort and the thicket was then a plowed
field, barren of even a brush. This
space was soon covered by the guns of
the confederates, and after the ground
had been heaped with dead there was a
general retreat to cover. The brigades
which had flanked the crater bad not
come prepared with axes to tear away
the chevaux-de-frise protecting the earth
works, and as a consequence not a man
passed it. It seems almost past belief
at this day that after 8,000 men had
been slaughtered in and around the
crater, ana while at least a thousand liv
ing ones were cooped up in the pit and
unable to get out, Burnside ordered up
the negro troops and piled them in on
top of the veteran^ who had gone be
fore. Such was the case, however, and
black, private and officer were mixed
together in a terrified mob and held
prisoners in the hole until Gen. Bartlett
raised the white flag and surrendered to
the confederates.
After the confederate fire bad been
trained n^on tbe space between the
thicket and the crater, those who at
tempted to retreat from the latter met
certain death. Some of the killed on
this spot had four bullets in them. The
confederates at length crept close
enough to shoot into the crater itself,
and then occurred the slaughter
among the negro troops. They bad
come in last, and were consequently
most exposed.
When Bartlett surrendered there were
700 or 800 corpses in the crater, with
over 1,000 muskets and a wagon load
of-other accoutrements. All were
buried out of sight by caring in the j
banks to fill up the pit and re-establish
the line.
In that narrow space, scarce forty
rods square, the federals lost nearly
4,000 men and the confederates over
1,000. On Sunday morning when Grant
sent in a flag of truce and asked permis
sion to bury his dead, he found them
corded up on each side ot the trenches
and waiting for him. Hardly a corpse
was handled by the bnrial party which
was not hit more than once; and many
of them were struck five or six times.
There are now on exhibition at the cra
ter by the owner of the farm muskets
with three or four bullets imbedded in
the stocks, gun-barrels with flattened
bullets welded to them, and dozens of
other evidences to prove the truth of the
words of one of fixe federal! who came
out alive:
“If there is any hell hotterthan your
old rebel crater I don’t wantto get with
in a million miles of it.
Why is the loser of money by the drop
game like the man who wants his dog?
—He papally has to “whistle toy it.”
DOST DO IT.
From Dr. Foote's Health Monthly.
Don’t sleep in a draught. V ;
Don’( go to bed with cold feel .
Don’t stand over hot-air registers. ?
Don’t eat what you do not need just ■
to save It.
Don’t try to get tool too quickly after
exercising. „.
Don't sleep with insecure false teeth
favour month .3 -•
Don’t start the day’s work without a
good breakfast.
Don’t sleep fa a room without ventila
tion of some kind. '
Don’t stuff a cold lest you he next
obliged to starve a fever. '
Don’t try to got along without flannel »
underclothing in winter.
Don’t useyour voice for loudspeaking
or singing when hoarse. i
Don’t tiy to get along with less'thafe.
eight or nine hours’ sleep.
Don't sleep inthe same undergarment
you wear during the day. 4
Don’t toast your feet by the fire but ,
try sunlight friction instead, -v- * V®
Don’t neglect to have at least one
movement of the bowels each day.
Don’ttry to keep up on coffee and ab
coholics when you ought to go to bed.
b utiutt. iuu waiur vy iuu giuan;
I take it in sips a swallow at a time.
Don't eat snow to quench thirst; it
brings on inflammation of the throat.
Don't strain your eyes by reading or
working with insufficient or flickering
light. ^
Don’t be too modest to ask the way to
a water-closet when you hare a oall that
way.
Don’t use the eyes for reading «rfine
work in the twilight of evening or early
morn.
Don’t try to lengthen your days by
cutting short your nights' rest; itlspoor
economy.
Don't wear close, heavy, fur or rubber
caps or bats if your hair is thin or falls
out easily.
Don’t eat anything between meals ex
cepting fruits, or a glass of hot milk if
you feel faint.
Don’t take some other person’s medi
cine because you aretroubledsomewhat
as they were.
Don't blow out a gaslight as you
would a lamp; many lives are lost every
year by this mistake._
English and Foreign Song-Bird*.
John Burroughs, in the January Century.
The English birds are more domestic
and familiar than ours; more directly
and intimately associated with man;
not, ns a class, so withdrawn and lost
in the great void of the wild and the un
reclaised. England is like a continent
concentrated—all the waste land, the
barren stretches, the wildernesses left
out. The birds are brought near to
here aro bouse and garden birds there.
They find good pasturage and protec
tion everywhere. A land of parks, and
gardens, and hedge-rows, and game
fircservcs, and a climate free from vio
ent extremes—what a stage for the
birds, and for enhancing the effect of
their songs! How prolific they are,
how abundantl If our songsters were
hunted and trapped, by bird-fanciers
and others, as the lark, and gold-finch,
and mavis, otc,, aro in England, the
race would soon become extinct. Then,
as a rule, it is probably true that the
British t irds, as a class, have more voice
than ours have, or oertain qualities that
make their songs more striking and
conspicuous, such as greater vivacity
and strength. They are less bright in
plumageTbut more animated in voice.
They are not so recently out of the
woods, and their strains have not that
elusiveness and plaintivenesB that ours
have. They sing with more confidence
and copiousness, and as if they, too,
had been touched by civilization.
Then they sing more hours in the day,
and more days in the year. This is
owing to the milder and more equable
climate. I heard the sky-lark singing
above the South Downs in October, ap
parently. with full spring fervor and de
light? The wren, the robin, and the
wood-lark sing throughout the winter
and in midsummer there are perhaps
three times as many vocal throats as
here. The heat and blaze of our mid- _
summer sun silence most of our
birds. * * *
On the other hand, there are certain
aspects in which our songsters appear
to advantage. That they surpass the
European species in sweetness, tender
ness, and melody I have no doubt, and
that our mocking-bird, in his native
haunt in the south, surpass any bird in
the world in compass, variety, and exe
cution is highly probable. That the
total effect of his strain may be less win
ning and persuasive than the nocturne
of the nightingale, is the only question
in my mind about the relative merits of
the two songsters. Bring our birds to
gether as they are brought in England,
all our shy wood-birds—like the hermit
thrush, the veery, tho winter wren, the
wood wegtail, the water wegtail, the
many warblers, thogreenlct, the solita
ry virco, etc.—become birds of the
groves and orchards, and there would
be a burst of song indeed.
gether and near
How It Feels to be Hanged.
From th» Uttls Book OuotM.
Yesterday several gentlemen were
speaking of capital punishment, when
Mr. J. L. Me Neely, one of the most
prosperous farmers in Pulaski county,
remarked: ‘‘Gentlemen, so far as the
punishment is concerned, hanging does
not amount to anything. I was hung
once until I was insensible, and the feel
ing could scarcely be called pain.” Tho
bystanders thought that he was Joking.
“I am in earnest,” ho continued. “In
1865, just at the close of the war,
robbers came to my house in search of
money. As a precaution against such
visitors I hadgiven two watches and $600
in gold to a trusty colored woman to
keep for me until times improved. I
was lying in bed, crippled. Several
men entered tho room, and, without
saying anything, put a rope around my
neck and began to pull. I told them
that if they were going to hang me, to
wait until I could get my crutch, so that
I could walk to the hanging place.
They too* me out uu mu g»ucaj«
throwing the rope over a cross-beam,
asked me for my money. I told them
that I had none. They drew me up.
For a moment I experienced a slight
choking sensation, and then I became
insensible. When I became conscious,
after being taken down, 1 was sitting
on the steps. The sensations while
regaining consciousness were very
much like those experienced during a
nightmare.^_i^_____—_
When a fellow marries a millionaire's
daughter he doesn’t noed to play th»
game of choss any longer. He is cheque
mated.—[New York Commercial Ad
vertiser. Just so. He can thereafter
live in a castle with his queen and play
droughts night and day.—[Norristown