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?i j jj II n -I j , AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. The Sources of the Ingredients of Chem- ; leal Fertilizers. Let us see what are the commer-j cial materials which practically famish the four affective agents of fertility, and if the sources of these elements are truly inexhaustible and always open to the wants of agriculture. We will pass in rapid review the tenns of the complete fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash aud lime. XITKOGEX. This is one of the most wide-spread substances in nature. It forms 79 per cent. of the volume of the atmospheric air. rwi c?ci ? tjuai i wi tui n? we draw into into onr lungs 79 per; cent, of nitrogen and 21 per cent ot oxygen. 1 We live in the midst of a i sea of gas 56,000 yards deep, and move ,7 < " in this srian ocean, like the fish in the depths of the sea. When wc walk we open a path which closes behind us. y?The nitrogen and oxygen constituting thtt ambient medium are not combined; they are simply mixed in such a way that each one can freely enter into all the chemical and rsranic coin biuations to which it is attracted by its affinities. The word nitrogen comes from the Greek and msans , \ without life. It is in truth by itself unfit for respiration, and burning bodies plunged into it are immediately extinguished; this fact made the ? * ancients confound it with carbolic - acid. ;Bu?herfard,~i* 1772, was the first to distinguish it from this gas. It acts the p&rt of moderator in air and in organic combinations, tempering the trtrt omVlr nf nrvapn. The blue color of the atmosphere at long distances is attributed to the gas. Pare, nitrogen is always in a gaseous states bat it is easily obtained in combinations, either "*yUh .hydrogen in the form of ammonia or oxgen in the form of nitric acid, la an ammoniac form, nitrogen is easily alliea with sulphuric-acid and forms salpbate ot ammonia, a salt which crystalizes perfectly ,isvery soluble and contains 20 per cent, its weight in nitrogen. KftTate'of soda famishes also 15 j>er cent, of the nitrogen of nitric acid, combined with the oxyde of sodium. Nitrate of potash contains 13 per cent, j which eaters into the fertilizer when j this salt-iaTXtsed as a source of potash. j All tb? IBBft?re& aBsorbed~by theroots of plants comes -to them in the form of nitric :acid or ammonia neutralized by abase and. ammonia neutralized by an acid. The nitii^^ Vbich tbejaknts drawjfrom tSe sirla in a gaseous state, i It is lie leares -thj^captureitunder this form. Jtfiixogen can then be assimilated by plaits nhder thte^'forms, as anunoma^ as st nitrate and.asa'gas, pore 'aricl invisible, as| it eXisfcFin the j - \ compositic& of tbe air/, ATTOTcmiaaai nitrates-are particularly adapted^to -ihe~cereals, nitrate of potash ^to .beets irfd o^her roots and gaseous mfcrges to the legumes. A great part^ of the sulphate of ammonia of commerce comes from* gas ftctories. 2,645 poundsofcoal yielSs about 19 tv\nm?s a? crfKhifcorftf ommrtnift TiVmfll proportions ?.re taken "from1 the drainage water of large cities treated with sulphurjc acid and certain aqueous volcanoes. But the inexhaustible sonrce of nigrogenous matter Jis the air. 69,- j 620i<X)O ;pounds of atmospheric nitrogen rest permanently on the surface of each acre.__I>irect?y to draw the. nitrogen .: of fee air so as to make it assimilable j to plants is the most beautiful problem which chemistry can solve in fevor of, agriculture, and consequently of the j feeding of mankind. The more nitro- j gen given to wheat the greater the harvest and the richer the grain in S ' ' gluten. To draw nitrogen from the : - - air for the benefit of our fields is practically toy solve the problem of cheap living; and we wilt certainly suceeed ia this, for as soon as a problem becomes a question of general interest, science gives a solution of it. Besides, we are already on the way to this solution: we have already succeeded iii manufacturing nitrogeneous matter whose nitrogen originates from the air. "We are now only looking for cheaper methods to give agriculture mountains ofnitrogeneous matter. manufactured at tne cost 01 tne atmosphere.; Still, white seeking this,: immense, quantities of commercial nitror geuecms matter, weli fitted for chemical fertilizers, is always -at our coro \ ' mand and will never be wanting for j " onr real needs. PHOSPHORIC ACID. | " In 1669 an alchemik, of Hamburg,: discovered "a strange substance. It j was a yellowish white body, soft as wax, translucid, burning with an odor of garlic and spontaneously, besides ; giving l%ht in the dark, a'charaoteristic wbiclrin-that superstition's age inspired terror. You recognize phosphorous. derived from tho Greekf Jight and pkac-Oy ? carry, on. acOTnnt of--the luminous vapor- it spreads in the dark. No industrial t_ _ jc ?l.v i application oying ioujiu iur ims uuuy, j it long: remained a Curiosity of the. labratory. It is scarcely a hundred yeare since phosphorous was known to. any bat rare adepts in chemistry and they not vuite free frrom the sup* ersritions attending it. Before; t?? invention of-chemieal lights in 1845, it was believed a rare substance. ^o idea of its abundance ^ in ?atnre or the immense importance ofSt to organized beings was known. Agriculture xiid not suspect its asefal^ * ness Slid the first sugar refiners threw away the bone black so rich in phos^ phate,:and selling now at so high a price. Neither animal norvegetabie life is-possible without phosphorous. Phosphorous determines both nerves and cerebral activity. The spinal marrow containsit in large proportions 8nd the bony structure of both man N and animals is formed of phosphorous in . combination with lime and magnesia. When phosphorous burns it combines oxygen and forms phosphoric acid. This acid can in its turn combine with alkaline matters like lime and magnesia to form phosphates. Phosphates of lime is most generally used in jK plant in burnt sand will die without phosphate, of lime. With one Jidndiredth of a grain to two and a half pounds of sand the .plant wont die/ Dirt with fifteen grains the growth is superb. To make this experiment we take a very small seed, for if yon take a pea which, is a large seed and contains. much phosphate concentrated around the embryo, the plant will trmur ond nrndncp at PTivnsA 1 r of the first seed sown. Bat if these I seed are sown again, they have not sufiicientphosphate to produce a second I . crop. Phbsphoroas is then most valuable to vegetatioirwben in combination, with lime. Under the. soluble form of phosphate of lime it is absorbed by plants and assists jjowerfoliy in their development and frniting; it then passes into the structures of man and animals. Anhydrous phosphoric acid contains; 31 of phosphorous and 40 of oxygen, total 71. In nature an equivalent of phospboricacid is always combined with three equivalents of lime. In th&state phosnbate of lime is insoluble and no" value to a crop ^ . except in certain acid soils, newly cleared, where reaction may render ft soluble. It must be powdered very fine and. carefully mixed with the soil". Natural phosphates Ve"ma3e soluble .T. IJq " " '> - -"??: , I [ by being treated with sulphuric acid j weakened with water. Then two I equivalents of lime are converted into I sulphate of lime and replaced in the ! phosphate by two equivalents of water. i nus ioe pnospuoric acxu is uu w wmbiucd with but one equivalent of lime and water; in this form it is soluble. This is the method of procedure: the mineral phosphate of lime or tricalcique is ground fine and passed through ? sieve. Fifty lo eighty per cent, of its weight in subphuric acid at 50 degrees is "poured upon it. The mixture is well worked and the reaction takes place. The sulphuric acid attacks the tricalciqne phosphate, tak<?s up two equivalents of lime to form a sulphate, of lime and leaves but. one in combination with the phosphoric acid. The two equivalents "orlfnie are replaced for the acid bv two equivalents of water "borrowed from the hydrated sulphuric "acid. We^ thus * obtain a product that is an equivalent of monocalcique phosphate containing two I equivalents vx wiuci <uiu suuic om! phafe of lime. There are besides in this product [ certain earthir matters and metallic | oxydes which mineral phosphates l always contain in more or less quanti! ties. This i8 the impure raouo-calciqne i phosphate or superphosphate of lime of jommerce in which the phosphoric acid is immediately soluble in water, or at least in the alkaline citrate ol ammonia which is generally used in the making of chemical fertilizers. Its richness in soluble phosphoric acid varies from twelve to "fifteen per cent., according to the composition of the natural phosphate used in making it. The superphosphate contains an average of sixty per cent, of anhydrous sulphate of lime or plaster, which is formed during the reaction. : Reverted phosphates are those which, soluble in water at the time of the preparation of the superphosphate, cease to be at the end of a certain time from the combination of a part of the phosphoric acid with the peroxyde oi of iron and aluminum which the'natu; ral phosphates always contain. It is worth no more tban the precipitated or bicalcique phosphate, for the i everted phosphate is oniy solable after remaining a long time in an acid soiL To find how much phosphoric acid there is in a tricalcique phosphate, divide bv2.18, and to know how'mucb I trifi&lcione nhosnhate to the anantitv of phosphoric acid found, multiply by 2.18. For example: If a superphosphate contains fifteen per cent, of soluble phosphoric acid, multiply this fifteen by 2.18 and we find 33.70 per cent, of tribasic phosphate contained in the superphosphate. For many years bones were the only practicable source of phosphate. ,oi lime. They were gotten at first from bone pits made by refuse animals and even went so far'as to rife old graves. Eli Beaumout,. Professor of (xeology at the school of mines, begged Mr, Joseph LambaHe, the celebrated surgeon, to Weigh a good many different skeletons and found that a dry human skeleton weighed' an average of nine pounds and contained six pounds ol phosphate pf lime. From these figure? it was concluded that from the time oJ the Grauls to the present day our method of burying the dead had covered in the French soil an immense mass of phosphorous evual to forty-five millions o] pounds of phosphate of lime. T>_i J I 7 .. r>Ub we iiccu nuu uv uucooy aixu. uiav continue to respect oar dead. A fev? year? working of the numerous deposits of natural phosphates now ir France will compensate this loss. Farmers will be several thousand years exhausting pie deposits already found and others are continually being found, Forty departments id France have deposits of. phosphate of lime now worked. "Phosphoric acid is found on all cultivated continents and in immeasurable quantities. The phosphate of; bones is, like manure, but an imperfect fertilizer. The mineral' phospnste alone realty enriches the soil. Bones are now only used in preparing a mono-caicique phosphate to obtain indus'-rial phosphorous. Agriculture really relies on geological pnospnaxes. \ f til .. MUBDER IN EDGEFIELD. "William Hammond, A Highly Respected Young Man, Shot Down in a Neighbor's Yard. (From the Edgefidd Adzerti&er, Sept. 15) One of the mo^t prominent and honored ladies in our county is Mrs. Fannie Prefcott Culbreath, living near Republican Church, on the South side. She is the only daughter-of the late Capt. Wm.F. Prescott. For two or three years past she has been separated from her husband, O. T. Culbrtath, Esq., who, however, lives in the same immediate neighbornood.: The social standing and popularity of Mrs. Culbrealh. would forbid us thus publicly mentioning such a lact, were it not, under present circumstances, almost imnossiblo to avoid it. Mrs. Cul breath's children all live- with her. The eldest of these areagro,vn son and daughter?grown,but still quite young. On isatnrday night last vonng Memphis Cclbreath, the son, wishing to go ; to spend the night at the bouse of his uncle, Mr. Lou Prescott, a few miles off, asked Mr. William Hammond, a young genlteman, a friend, and a 1 next-door neighbor, to repair to his ! mother's bouse, attend to the feeding of the stock, &c-, and guard thefamflv daring the night. Mr. Hammond, who Is "25 or 26- years old and unmarried, is the son of Mrs. James Hammond, a widow, living about a mile . -fwAin \( no Tn t tio xi viu ?uio? .vuii/ioauu* jlix vug vuivi u?bu family be was almost as much at home as in his own house, having.previously for two or three years, been -in their employ as a superintendent. At about 8? o'clock be took one of the yonnger ehildretf,;* little boy who was sick and quite nauseated, out to the edge of the back'piazza to vomit. Mrs. Culbreath followed with a lighted lamp. The child becoming relieved, Mrs. .Culbreath returned into the house, while Mr. Hammond and the child stepped dowa-if" few paces into the yard, While there a shot was suddenly heard from the bottom of the yard, some 20 or 25 yards off. perhaps, and Mr. Hammond fei], mortally wounded?the left side of his head,face, neck and shoulder being riddled with bullets. He lingered, unconscious, at Mrs. Culbreath's until noon on Monday, when he died. The community in which this terrible affair occurred are in a state of wild excitement. Peoples' mouths are fall 'of reports, rumors, inferences and declarations. We do not deem it the part of wisdom or justice to make pnb;Iic any of these. No arrest has been made." A Balloon on a Steeple. The' Cfcieago Inter-Ocean's Monmouth, Ills., special says: "The spectacle of an enormous balloon, sweeping above the city a few hundred feet drew people from the stores and ^ ? ? ? ? ? ? nft/MtMAnn ^511 HOltbes Vli iuuisua* aiiciuwu un wc .^treetewere crowed. The excitement became intense when shortly the air shi^-swboped down affd impaled itself on the spire of the Catholic Church near the public square. The balloon at once collapsed and a hundred citizens helped to drag the concern to the ground. Hie basket was empty, barring a torn shirt, a sleeve cuff and some brandies of oak, indicating a collision wita tree tops somewhere and the possible death of an aeronaut. A.11 eSbrts to, discover where the balloou carpefroci and the name and fate of itg'occrrpanthave been unavailing." ?1BS, MMl - -v. .V & 'p y> . V' A TRADE IN HUM.AN BOXES. The Horrible Work of Chinese Ghouls In ] San Francisco?Dead Bodies Stolen from Cemeteries in Various Parts of CaliforXliA. i A horrible discovery was made in { ^hinatown, Cal., last Thursday. In"fbrmatiou was given to the city coroner . hot- o fri/rKffnl iroo Kainrr nmlf- ' U 1 1 ObVUVll ?? UC S-UliU" ted from a cellar on Pacific street. He ? went to the cellar and foand the floor covered with human skulls aud bones < partially covered with flesh in the last i stage of decomposition. In an inner room the coroner found a number of 1 Chinese engaged in boiling down the ( remains of other bodies, while several other Chinamen were engaged in ] scraping the boiled bones aud packing them in boxes for shipment to China. It is estimated that the cellar contained over three hundred dead bodies, which * had been taken secretly from various I 1 cefateries throughout the State. As ( | an instance -of Chinese ingenuity it is stated that those in charge of these J operations, fearing the stench from < boiling pots would be so great as to < ;j attract attention outside, had procured ; j two living skunks, so that the odor of ] 1 j the latter might overcome that of the J ' former. The coroner has taken charge \ oi an tne remains. This discovery of the horrible prac- < tices of the Chinese in preparing the ( . bones of their dead fellow-conntrvmea for shipment to China, which has been' ; carried on nnder the very nose of the 1 -city authorities, has created a deep and intense excitement. The acknowledg; ment that such a mass of putrifaction . ' was lying exposed in the very heart of the- city, while at the same time the. ! drainage and sewers of the city are known to be . in filthy condition,* has caused a feeling of fear for the health of the city. After all the boxes containing the remains of the dead Chinamen had been removed to the morgue,' the Coroner l^as interviewed in regard to the matter. He stated that when he arrived at the cellar in which the i bodies were stored, and in which the \ putrified remains, which had still to be boiled, were lying, he set to work to ( break oDen the boxes. There were < some sixty bodies in all. Each box contained a tin casein which, carefully wrapped in oil cloths, were a number of human bones. The smaller bones and long strips of skin were wrapped up in separate parcels and placed within the larger ones. On the outside of each box was a label,bearing Chinese characters, givingthenameof the dead ^person within, so that the remains;] conld be identified by relatives ini China. After having opened several ' boxesr the Coroner concluded to seize _ the whole lot and remove them to the' , morgue. Express wagons were called for the purpose. "While the cases were [ being placed in wagons some of them 1 rolled off and fell to the pavement,' ' breaking open and exposing the con- ] tents. The cro wd which had assembled j 1 upon learning the cause of the excite- i j. ? J ^ : J xt meni, jumpea on me ooces aumii ineir < ' indignation trod them under foot. The \ | policed quickly interpose,and the load ing continued without further inter- * [ ruptions. The remains were removed , ? to the morgue. Most of the boxes , containing the remains were on exam- , [ ination found to have come from cities j in the interior of the Slate. The re- ( ' mains were shipped ^from there to San : Francisco in common tea boxes. Those that come from the interior are boiled ; ' and prepared before shipment so that ; no odor is perceptible on the route. ' Only those received'from San Fran-1 .cisco cemeteries have the flesh still on 1 ; them, when brought for preparation to j the cellar. It was the intention to to have shipped all those on the steamer 1 City of Pekin, which. sails Saturday ! ' next. It is rumored that the! Chinese ' companies will bring an action against \ L the coroner for a removal of the boxes and remains. ' THE VIRGINIA CAMPAIGN. ' . ?.1 ? A Majority of Five or Ten Thousand Con- 1 fidently Predicted-What Fltzhngh Jam I Says. The Washington correspondent of ; i the Charlotte Observer writes: A distinguished newspaper man who is a Virginian, tells me that :he hastraveled in various portions of the State since the canvass began and that < he finds a good spirit prevailing, every- < i where among Deicoci-ats. They are < working hard and are very enthusiastic over their gallant candidate. General Lee's speecbes are excellent?better; . than'expected?and are received by : the people with hearty applause. Grand cavalcades are greetingthe cons quering hero in the Valley. My informant says.that-in-the be ! ginning 01 toe campaign Manone fie- 1 cared a large snm of money-which be has used, probably "to. good advantage, where it was possible. There is a bad element in every'State, and the free display of funds never fails to baVe its y effect. But this class is not Considerable, and the State is regarded as perfectly safe. ' " I asked the probable majority. The reply did not startle me, although. it was only half what has heretofore been claimed. The jottrnalist ssid it would be any where between five thousand and ten thousand, or about the figures of last year. Greater exertions are making to wrest the State from the Democrats. The-organizing abilities of Mahone are great. He - is uneasy about his own reflection and consequently gives more attention to ,'the. canvass. My friend thought that John S. Wise was'making himself almost if not qaite as .unpopular as Mahone. For his own part he disliked Wise the more. This gentleman said that the majority would easily be twenty thousand in "Virginia if all the removals demanded were made right away. "WHAT GENERAL LEE S ATS. General Fitzhugh Lee, ,the Demo crauu iwiuiuw lur.cruyeraor, gave me |v .following answers to the questions propounded by a Richmond reporter: . "General, do you hear of many'Republicans coming over to the. Democrats?" ' * ' ' "Yes, a great many of the old Republicans, among them Wickham, Callahan, Rives, Baily and others- Indeed,, at every point I have been I had Republicans come up and give me such information, and state to me that they are with us on State issues." "What in your judgment is the effect t of Mr. John S. Wise's denunciation of i the Pittssylvania County people " as murderers and assassins?5*' < s "He does himself and his cause 3 harm, of course." c t "What in your opinion is the ani- ? mus of Mr. Wise in so abusing Vir- "V ginia people?" . - .. . c "I suppose he thinks it will help the i Radical prospective wing of the Na- a tional Republican party to which his e party in Virginia is allied, and who t are fighting under the bloody shirt and 3 not the Star-Spangled Banner." n t i 1 . . i A .Doctor's Woes. c 11 i oor L/itA>\li!UKi>VlJL.JUe.) VTA., OUUC JLi., JLOOvl. c For teR vears I have been suffering with muscular Rheumatism. Patent medicines and physicians prescriptions failed to give relief. "Last summer I commenced to usa B. B. B., and experienced partial relief be- t fore using one bottle. I continued its use s and gladly confess that it is the best and ( quickest medicine for Rheumatism I have t ever tried and I cheerfully recommend It r to the public. f * J. W. RHODES, A. 31., BC D. 1 . e ADVICE TO MOTHERS. - Mrs. WrssLQvr's. Sootejxg Strep should al- * ways be-used forchUdrett - teething. it soothes s the child, softens the gams, a] lays all pain, c cores wind colic, and Is the test remedy lot ? diarrhoea. Twenty-five cents a bottle. ? : *; Julyi4Ltyi S ? V - gpl | . s } GEXEBAL NEWS ITEMS. ' Facts of Interest, Gathered from Various Quarters. ?The Great Eastern w$l be sold by mciiou next month, by order of the Dourt. --Kiel, the Canadian half-breed, has yecn respited. He may yet escape the gallows. ?Dr. J. B. Hamilton, surgeon-gensral of the marine hospital service, has esigned. ? Miss Mattie Lee Price, afiftee?f ear-old girl, is another Georgia wonier of the Lula Hurst order. ?The international yacht races i* Sew York harbor last "week, resulted u a victory for the American boats. ?Judge Alexander Rives, the oldist judge in Virginia and a leading Republican politician, died on Thursday morning, aged eighty years. ?The 2Jew York schools opened on Monday. There were 3,200 teachers it their desks to instruct 124,000 cliiliren, ?The time from Atlanta to San; Francisco by the Southern Pacific Railway?three thousand miles?has )een reduced to five days. 1 t o?it: ; i.1 t> L ? uuim ju. oumvan, tuc dvsluh smg? rev, made $900 playing base ball i? Cleveland on Sunday and was ine# $1.00 for breaking the Sabbath. ?The cholera in Spain is still sligbfcy diminishing. The number of new jases in the whole kingdom is about line hundred daily, and the number 3eaths about three hundred. ?A severe epidemic of flux is raging in Lee and Scott counties, Virginia. Many people hare died from the disease and many more are sick. The iisease is on the increase, ' ?A New York detective states that m organized scheme is afoot to flool ;he large cities with counterfeit money, md'that "it would be well fbr'all who ire handling money to be -Tfcry cauious." . - Si ?A man named William Lyons, a ;ar-builder from Chattanooga, com untied suicide in a marble yard, in An* justa on Wednesday night bv taking laudanum. No cause could be ascertained for the act.. : ?The annual aranion of the National : Mexican Veterans' Association was leld at Indianapolis last we>ek. About 500 veterans, including representatives >f the majority of the States were present: ?Judge Tonrgee* for some years a nf Nnrth (larnHnn. juithor of 'A Fool's Errand" and other prodac-: ;ions, is a candidate" for the Sfat* Seriite in the thirty-second district of New; fork. ?The cotton factory: at Chattanooga, renn., i3 fairly booming with business, [t is now working to its fall capacity, iias heavy orders ahead, and will sioon make important improvements. One iav last week an order was receivedtor 25,000 pounds of yarn.. -Ex-Governor Seymour,; of New 5Tork, rather likes the "offensive partisan." H? says "the offensive partisan or strong party man is a very gool sort of a fellow, and generallv more inclined to be fair than the col^-blood3d style of politician." ? -1 - - ?The annual convention of the American Bankers' Association will held at-Chicago duringthe present week. Addresses on topics connected with the business interests of the conntry will l>e delivered by members of the Association and others. ?Three cowboys met the Las Casas stage sonth of Kansas City, Mo.; on Sunday and began -firing at the passengers. One of the occupants of th? stage returned the fire., ana instantlykilled one of the cowboys. The two others rode away.. ?MrS: Hester Ford, an aged ladr ef Philadelphia, Pa:, was1' so affectedon Thursday morning by- reading, of the suicide of another woman in the neighborhood, that s|jp went to her room and hanged herself in a similar "manner. She was dead when found. ' ?Judge Clough, of California/ became insane and while; in that condition resigned his office^., and another Judge was appointed in his place." Judge Clough has recovered his sanity ana disclaims ms resignation,- ana tne new Judge has to give way to him.: A ROMANTIC 31AICKIAGE. A. lonnc Lady Leaves Her Home to, Jttarry Her Lover ConflnGd ln. Jail. (From the Chesterfield Advertiser, Sept. 25.) ' The "wind may "howl, * the thunder may roar, death may corne^ but'wheft i.woman well and trulv-loves a -man 5he will marry him .or die.;;iu' tfce.jat[empt. The public jnay, brand, him- a, murderer, the court pay sentence him to'death or to biaM labor* in the'State prison, the 'statutes may-take away his rights as a citizen foreyery, ^ecj'b.ody,jlse may forsake him, but the woman, svho has . given him her undivided iffection in the time of his peace and prosperity will never forsake bira, :hough the whole worjd may condemn lerforit. It is only,in caaes of exj'eme adversity and misfortune ''thai' woman's best and brightest traits are jronght to light, They may have lainiormant for vears1but the time will :eriaiiiiy come wtieii tut? wynij wiu 3ud them out. James Hunter-;urgs sonvicted at this term of .court of manslaughter. Miss Dora Evans was- $n ive-witness to the killingand a niece >"f the deceased. -JHonday morning Hunter was sentenced to four"years in he State prison. Friends and,, kinsnen who had staid "by him m- thfe long md tedious trial; bade him - goodbye" tud went home; Tuesday night, while; Sheriff Tting and his' ~ leasehold were\ tleeping the sleep of ?he just, sn<fderfly here came a .gentle tap, 0 tap, on . the raterdoor.- Was it a ghoitB' No; itj vas a nymph". Miss Dora Evans had^. led from her home and had come 25 niles through the darkness^ and rain :o many her- lover,: James Hunter* sheriff King*. noi -knowing exactly vhat to do, put her off: tlUU morning^ Wednesday morning promptly at 8 >'clock James Hunter arid Dora.Eyans vere made man ana wife. Tfie- iiev. i r. W. McRoy performed tbe ceremony n the jail tail, jn the presence! of abonfc .00 spectators;?^officers, members of he bar, jurymen, white, colored and ndifferenfc. Sach.is life. ; The homicide occurred about a year igo. James Hunter and George "W. Svans had a .difficulty' several years >efore, bnt they were apparently on jood terms with each other jnst' prerious to the. fatal encounter. On that lay,.however, in: consequence of an nsulting remark made oy> Hunter in llnotnn fa T?woyio'c Fmiib biJkUOJVSXJl WV JU.f uruw v IIMV) id him down and pnnisbed him. After >eing taken off of him, and while Svans was leaving the field, with his mother's arm around him, as the witlessesforthe State testified, Hunter an up to Evans and discharged the antents of his pistol into. his. body, ansing almost instant death. - A Mean Old General Boated. Old "General Debility" has been put o flight in Arkansas, with happy reults. From Brinkley, from Webb 3ity, and from Walnut Ridge, Messrs. \ R. Anderson, E. M. Taylor and i\ S. Pinchbeck respectively, write hat thev were all afflicted with.gen ral debility, and received solid benefit rom Brown's Iron Bitters. This is feasant to know, not only, for Arkanas people, but for all sections of the onntry where General Debility has onnted victims by the thousand. For ale everywhere. * " * ^ r"-v Y - jg. Joseph EHicott. It is not to the credit of Buffalo that she has as yet perpetuated i>y neither statue r:or memorial, save in the nauie ! <if n ciiit?]p street. his fame who not only first predicted her commercial destiny, but wk;tt is almost n a paralleled in the history of cities," selected her exact site and iaid out in the then wilderness at the foot of Lake Erie a city on a scale c*or>m<:!t*>ifrnte with his inspired belief in her destiny. As agent for the Holland Land Company, Joseph Ellicoir, in ihe year 1804, completed the survey of the brond streets, diagonal avenue, and imblic squares, some of which are to-day included in her extensive park system, and all of i which form adequate approaches to the newer suburbs of the Buffalo of 1885. To her singularly open and attractive topography it is to be regretted that she does not add that next-to-godly attribute, cleanliness. Joseph EUicott was the brother of Andrew Ellicott, then Surveyor-General of the United States. Iri-sh from y..,: i.: i..? tUn. OddJdiiuu MU01U.1U iu i?wy v/uu fuu citj of \Vashing Lou preparatory to its becoming the scat of government, he followed the same general plan in surveying the streets of "New Amsterdam, ^asho proposed to call it, out of respect to his Dutch employers, the members of the so-called Holland Land Company. The chief business thoroughfare now bears the commonplace name of-llain street?one which, to all save the ears of towns-people accustomed to it, wonderfully becomes its still semi-countrified air and the non-imposing character of many of its buildings; for everywhere in her business sections old and new Buffalo jos*1^ AfKar ninfrirncnnfllr T4?Vr1 Tru biy wavu vbuvi AAUAA W V seph Eflicott been allowed to complete his design in the nomenclature and laying out of the main thoroughfare of : trade, Main, street. wot^d have been Willing avenue below .''the Churches," and Van-Staphorst above, for what was designed to- be the site of the-Capitol of New Amsterdam forms now the three blocks in Main street bounded to the north arid south by Eagle and Swan streets. Hero Mr. Ellicott' proposed to erect, his palace, with broad vistas opening to view in all directions. The eye of the prince of New Amsterdam coiild have gazed at pleasure up Van Staphorst avenne to the-rising ground- at the, north, dbwn Willinfc avenue to the harbor, and out Vollenhoven avenue (Erie street) to the lake nr*~A no<1 o nVAnrf Qfo.lnifeV? ornnnfl auu vauaua) wwuuuugiu MIVUVIU (Church street) to the State reservation, and up Shimmelpcnnick avenue (Niagara street) past the elegant residences circling around Niagara Square, which was to be the center of his city, straight to the setting sutu The westerly limit of.this 'manor,, extending beyond the present west side of Main_ street, suggested the title of "ElUcott's bow-window" to the towns-folk. So practical a man as President Fillmore expressed just regret that the democratic spirit of that time, jealous of so baronial an establishment, cut., the beautiful semicircle- by running Main street through instead of around it, dividing the tract of about one hundred acres by North and South Di-, . vision streets, since Me. Ellicott would have'left'a splendid building for the thft. linfi arts iwid 'a beautiful iparkan the midst .of the "city. It is. a curiouscircumstance. that the sits was again, selected* by the visionary and famous Rath bun for bis proposed, magnificent Chamber of Commerce. Rathbun's dream, like Ellicott's. was. destined^ to be fulfilled in part in 1384, when the commerce of the lakes and canals joined hands with the manufno taring interests to erect, farther downtown, the Merchants*' Exchange. The Buffalo Board of ?radu, which sunk its identity in the Merchants' Exchange, was a corporation with a noble record. To its u.-.c'jLsiag energy'and patriotism is due tln,\ promotion , of m:tny. enter-prises ;?i|.;e:;ag \iceply the commercial intero'.-i* iii'lli? city and* nation!?Jafie M. \V\ c , { ix-Har' tfrr3 Magttziiie -for July. , . iwa my . : ' i. " (* '' Milling in Spain is in almost as, primitive condition at tiie present time as that of spmi-civilized trtbes of people. The motive power is, as a rule, supplied by males, which, with an ancient form of; machinery,- imparts roj tation to the burrs. These are usually situated in the cellars .of the houses. The capacity of such a. "mill" is, of course, limited,. J Cut the expenses of production :ire'-also very small,, and that.is the niaiu. object iii :i country where moucy:j* *jtat jir:.icl? J - . . v-j . . .r' . . . ' . :?- * - .?:? THIS WELL-KNOWN ESTABlishment, located next door to the Stables of Messrs/A. Willi ford & Son, is now open as a firsfcefttss " SALOON AND EESTAUBANT. THE: FINEST. ' WISES,; LIQUORS, 0 ' BEER, i - . - -nrnn TDmri iVl'U.) Will be served to its customer?. ; OUR BESTAJJBAKT WiU be open on the ,First' of September, wfth'ffoe ; FIESTFBBSHOISTEBS OF'qTHE SEASO^ [ MEALS AT- Al^L JtiUUKS. L . .. COME TO SEE US. GKOESGHEE & CO., PROPRIETORS. Ang29 IN SU:R AJST CEI S:'y ' ih: ii' i! T ' - . . . . - . i Have your Policies written at J. F.' McMASTER'S LIFE AND FIRE INSURANCE "AGENCY. I am agent for the MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, of New York?the largest Life Insurance Company in the "World. Policies issued, payable monthly, quarterly, semiannually and annuaDr. I also write FX&EIFSURANCE policies in first class companies. All losses paid at once on presentation of proof. GIVE ME A TRIAL. ' J. F. 2fc3?ASTEB. July7fi6m' , " ' >-V : .">v -v." ...,v __v^w t . FOR COUGHS AND CROUP USA TATIaOR'S MULLEINr The swietgna,** gathered from atre# of tie naea*a*_ grorlag along the small itmsi la the Sonthern States, a stimulating epwhiat principle that looeeoa the phlegm producing the early morning oooji, and stimnlatM tie child to thro* off tho fuse membrane la crettp and iMoplng-congh. 'When combined irith the healing Hmd- ' laglnous principle la tho mullein plant of the old fields, presents In TATioa's Cbjjujux Bzkxst ot-bttxtt gat xzd Xollxzx the finest knovs remedy for Const*, Crocp, Whooping-Coogh and Conjunction; and jo palatable, ?bj child 1s pleased to take It. Aii toot druggist for It- Priec, S5c.*ad$l. VALTES A, TAYLOR, Atiflgt^Gfc XJtc DR. BIGGERS* HUCKLEBXSS7 COSDL1L fix IHarrhce*, Djientery asd CMldrta Teetfcias. Tor ate Iff BliF AM SZdSS. How an Atlanta Woman was Made to See and. Hear. A-V rVTCTrcV.KTTTVfi S'l'(YRV_ Miss Minnie Wallace resides witli Mrs; George Fickland, 41 McAfee street, Atlanta, Ga., and from her own lips a Constitution reporter learned the following appalling stor$: Several months ago she became almost totally blind and deaf, and conld not taste anything except salt. Her bones became the seat of intense pain, her joints were swollen and painful, and eventually her whole body and limbs became covered with splotches and small sores, ner appetite failed, and she gradually lost flesh and strength, and had but little use of herself, as her limbs and muscles were paralyzed She, as well as her friends and those with whom she lived, despaired of her recovery. Her sufferings, combined with loss of hearing and taste, and blindness, were truly heartrending. All treatment from physicians and the use of medicines seemed powerless.' Her disease was blood poison and rheumatism. As she now seemed well and hearty the reporter asked what -wrought such a won derful change." "I used a medicine recommended by a. friead," she replied, '-and before-one bottle had been taken I began to see and hear. The second bottle relieved all . rheumatic pains and improved my appetite. When 1 had completed the use of six bottles my eyesight and hearing were folly restored, sense of taste returned, all splotches disap-" peared, sores all healed, and my strength and flesh restored I now feel as well as I eyer did, and my friends, as well as myself, are astounded." 'What was the medicine?" asked the reporter "Botanic Blood Balm?B. B. B.?was the great remedy that acted so powerfully on my disease and cured me. l never expe'ennmfAme frmr* ifa JLICLLUCU. aujr uuuicaoau v-luj^vuuio. mv?u **? use, and its action is so quick that it surprises all." The reporter then songht a physician who knew the case, whereupon he handed, us the following lines: "I examined the above case of blood poison and rheumatism, before and after being cured, and certify to the facts as above stated, and must acknowledge that the B. B. B. effected. a most wonderful cure in this well-known case. [Signed] ''J. P. DRUMGOOLE, M.D." Blood Balm Co., Atlanta, Ga., .will mail a 32-page book free, filled with magical effects. Sold by all Druggists. SeptS WOMAN! G-race was in all Tier Heaven to her eyet In every gesture dignity and love!" So appeared Mother Eve, and so may shine her fair descendants, 1 with the exercise of common sense, care and proper treatment. An enormous number of female complaints are directly caused by dis- . turbanee or suppression of the r Menstrual Function. In every such case that sterling and unfailing specific, .Beadfield's Female Regulator, will effect relief ana cure* . - is?i ^ Jt is from the recipe of a most ? 2 distinguished physician. It is com- g, C posed of strictly officinal ingredi- P g( ents, whose happy combination has ^ never been surpassed. It is pre- m 2 pared with scientific skill from the g m finest materials. It bears the palm ? for constancy of strength, certain-? ty of effect, elegance of prepara- *' * ? tion, beauty of appearance and SS 5 relative cheapness. The testimony Jb in'its favor is genuine. "It never m fails when fairly tried. /Cartersville, Ga. ? m - This will certify that two mem- pj 2 bers of my Immediate family; after . w having suffered for many .years g _ * from menstrual irregularity, and u ' having been treated without bene-w fit by various medical doctors, were at length'completely cured by one'" bottle of Dr. J. Bradfield's Female Regulator.. Its effect in.such eases is truly wonderful, arid well , may the remedy be called "Woman's I&st Friend." Yours Respectfully, James W. Straxge. f . Senfl for our ixwkon the "Health and Happiness of Woniarr." ilail- ' entree. . Bbadpield Regulator Co., Atlanta, Gs. H3ALSS E3ST0S22, THE CHUECH&AN. POKTT^niST FEAB.?1SSK. TheBeligions Weefcly of thoT??te?t ant Upiscopal Chxrefc A magazine of Ecclesiastical tttefligeiice, tf< *' voilonai and general reading, aad TSe laryeat and moat Influential weekly In toe Piotestiui Episcopal Church. : intheXews Department Ow energy ! Ths Chttrchvan is well' fcnown, awl Its - organic zaUon is very complete tor procuring, news, which ltglres wlthTemarkaoie promptness; The JlazrzzLnc Department alone co*-; tains In a year sufficient reading matter to mate more than. Are remo books of eoo pages each. Its Book Xeviews are a prominent fee tnre. Literary, Art and Scientific Xoten are carefully prepared t>y specialists. . j Its European Correspondents are pep- I sobs of eminent ability. BThe Children's Department Is Illustrated and specially.edited for tht children. S3.SO a year In advance, post paid. Three dollars to Clergymen. Single copies ten cents. M. H. HAILOBT & CO., 47 Lafayette Place. Sew York. Apl2L6m PEACE INSTITUTE FOR YOUNG LADIES, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA. THE FALL TERM COMMENCES ON * the first Wednesday of September, 188 , and closes corresponding time in June following. Advantages for instruction in all the branches usually taught in first-class Seminaries for Young Ladies, unsurpassed. Building heated by steam, and in every way as to equipment, &c., equal to any in the South. A full corps of First-Class Teachers engaged for session commencing in September Terms as reasonable as any other Institution offering same advantages. Correspondence solicited. For catalogue, containing full particuoc -frv -harma Am orMrAQQ " ~ ~Rev. R. B^JEWELL & SON, Jnly29L2m Principals, Raleigh, N. C. Anililiu' WHISKY HABITS ear* HI' 8 8 g 81/1at home without pain. BOOK UI 9 8JI * I ?r particulars sent FEEE. *5^JJS^^B,aLW00UXT.M.D.,AtUnU,a*. CoodPsrfbi- AvratB. 810O to ft?0? ver mo. made ?c511ns: our Grand SewHWorTj. Faaiowaad DmUtc Batlletof tbeWorld Write toJ.C. Hcduvi? & Co, Philadelphia, Pa. " 'V"vfe>- * ? > * r-y. y ,. ^' iWj; ^'r. \v ; ' : ^ is B F. i' HISill!, -DEALER IX? ' FOREIGN and DOMESTIC WINES, LIQUORS, CIGARS, CIGARETTES, TOBACCO, &C\, HAS IN STOCK AND OFFERS TO SELL LOW FOR OASH"ONLY, THE FOLLOWING SUPERIOR ARTICLES, TO WIT: : ~ v-ti * * * : Genniue Imoorted Dnrvav. Otard & Co. Brandy. \ Genuine Kentucky Whiskey, The Kentucky BeHc. Genuine Imperial Cabinet Whiskey. Genuine Golden Grain Whiskey. Genuine Silver Brook Whiskey. Genuine Our Option Whiskey. . Genuine David Jones Whiskey. Genuine North Carolina Sweet Mash Corn Wtoskey. Genuine Domestic Gin. Genuine Ginger Brandy. Genuine Blackberry Brandy. . Imported Sherry Wine. Imported Port Wine. . ./ Fine Old Apple Brandy. C-AiSIEj C3-OODS. f ~ ' ' i . 1 ^ Mumm's Champagne (Genuine 1mported.) . Dupuy, Otard & Co. Brandy (Genuine Imported.) Bine Holland Gin (Gennine Imported.) Old Kentucky Whiskeys. Hostetter's Bitters. Angustora Bitters. Oceola Indian Bitters. Carolina Tolu-Balm. Natrolitic Water. Seltzer Water. Claret Wines. French Cordials. Rftjsss'ft P?Ta AIp. . . Tenuant's Staot^Porter. Vienna Export Beer. Lager Beer, in bottles. SodaWaterr Ginger Ale. Sarsaparilla. 7 Ross's Royal Ginger Ale. ' . I ? . w * - i. . - * - , . r ? ON DRAUGHT (COOL.) i TrvoliB retting Co.VLagcr Beferl Mctfs SwcetCider. Mott'a Crab Apple Cider.': , ? a . ? ; THE ICE HOtSB Will open again fortherseason of 1885, audi will be pleased to serve the pate lie aud my lormer custom at reasooar ble prices and with <3ispatck. ' THE ONLY POOL ami B&ilABD ; PAELOR IK TOWK?Olf WfilCH friends may enjoy themselves at small and Kving rates.- :Veryrespeclfullyr P. W. HABEHCHT. Ap231y ONE CAE-LOAD OP WESTER fees ? ft? * i..- ~ :'5: ALL WELL BROKENTO DOTJBMFOR SINGLE HARNESS, AND AMONG THEM A PEW WELL GAITED SADDLE MORSES, ALL OF WHICH WE WILL SELL LOW FOR CASH, OR WILL EXCHANGE THEM FOR GOOD HEAVY- MULES. W PARTIES WANTING EITHER J TO PURCHASE OR TRADE WILL, FIND IT TO THETK INTEREST TO CALL ON US AT AN EARLY DAY. A. WILLIFOKD&SON, "Wirmsboro, S. C. PAVILION HOTEL, CHARLESTON, S. C. ' *. . T 'Z ' i - * E. T. GAILLABD. - - Proprietor. . ? STBICTLY JlRST-CLASS, OTIS'tPASSENGEE ELEVATOB, { ELECTEK3 BELLS, ;, A rrrj'j Wh Drt'l'l I kl I k A r n r?rx a suu kates?4s!oo to $3.00. M??I8atly '' f Did y ou Suppose Mustang Liniment only good for horses? It is for inflammation cf all flesh* ' . : ' --*v NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. ? A BIG OFFM. To introduce . iVom^-nra iriH- <nn> e#'f. . MR wv " *" yv *vvv ..?.v ; operating Washing Machines- If you want one send us your name, P. 0,. and express office at once. THE JfAlIONATCO., SI DeySkvN. Y. MOSQUITOES,^^ "" jfOSQCITO BITE CUBE, gives instant ^ rellei, and drives them away. Address . Th SXLLADE 6 CO., s Bast 13th St*, New Torfc; . AEAmSS its CAUSES and COME. A I ) hy one who was "deal-twenty-eight years ^9^4g0 Treated by most at- noted specialists of ?jj the day with no benefit. Curat Mm&If In three months, and since then hundreds at others by same process^ A plain, simple aLd u success', ul home treatment. Address T S.. - PAGE, 1*8 East 26th St., New Yoi* City, ^ Established FATPS 1866. Manilla Booing! Besembles line leather.. For Boots, Outside . "P Walls, and inside In place o? Plaster. Yezy : strongand durable. Carpets and Bugs or sam? ? material. catalogue with testimonials and samples FKEE. W.E.FAY ACOv CaaiParti's M i ' ii you have Dyspepsia, Ebeuroaasm, Kidney ?r Urinary Compjainta, or If you are troubled wltt any disorder ot the tunga/'EtomaciL, "bowels, Mood or .nervtt .yoo. eaa be cured by Paxexs's Ionic. HXSCOX & CO., 16S William Street, Xew Yorfe? n B Istlie BEST constructed and- '' vi flnisfcedTurfelBe in-the woridv . ,-{ . .3^ -1 @ jT^te ma: P^eStd^3: 3 ?ao^.^cw^tli^?aay'otEer ^ BulfSIFBSOS., IOM, PA.; W^LL SAVE YOU ^ TWENTY-FIVE PEE CENT. BY BUY . .. - OF THEM. .. - " ^ F7ERY INSTRUMENT WARRANTED^-' DELIVERED AT ANY DEPOT OR STEAMBOAT LANDING IN ; THE STATE. . WRITE FOE TEEMS - AND PRICES ^ SPECIAL TERMSFOR &5QBT T1MB ^ .Bespeeil'jlty, A COLUMBIA. STUSXO HOUSE, N. W. TBTCMP,ffitiag&e, W ItfATT? STREET, COLUMBIA, 3. C. Local agents to'Fairfield Co?nty: : J. G. BOAG. Wimisbora " A A. MORRIS, Ridge way. Charlotte, Columbia & Au^ustaE. R - n 10, 1385; <30E?G 2?ORTH. 2TO. 53, 3?AIL A2H) EXPEXSS. Le*re Angostet.;... :i .9.05 a. m. _ Leave W. C..&. -4- Juaction.... .L12 p. m.. "~v_.< Arrive at Ctfoinbla........ 1.22 p. m, ' Leave-Cctotabia.:... 1 .1.S2 p. m. >v: .1.58#. m. LeaveTSlythewood ... * 2.13 p. Leave Ridgeway..;........ 2.34p:"m; Leave Simpson's.............. _2.47> Leave wipnsboft)^ 3.02 p.m. LearreWMteOak.;..i.........:.3.22p. m. Leave Woodward's. ............3.43 p. m. J LeaveBlacjatock..-. >.-.?3.50p.m. ~M Leave Cornwall's. .. .. *3.58p. m. 4 Leave Chester. .4.17 p. m. ^ Leave Lewis'?....,., .4^2 p. m. ; i LeaveSmifiii's .4.40p. m. -c ^ Leave Roek HilL........... ... .5.01 p.- m. " Leave Fort Mill .&20 p, ja.. : 1 L6ave Kneville. 5.40.p, m. Arrive a# Charlotte........-...;. .6.10j>. m. Arrive at Statesville J9J3S.p. m ' . going south. . ^ NO. 52..MAIL JUTO EXPBESS. : : Leave' Statesville. *..7.45a. m. M .uett-vfc p. ui Leave. KneviHe..:...........~.~1.27"p.jB ; Leave Fort Mill... ., .-. ?...1.44 p. el Leave Kock E21..:.:.. .'.V.:. .. .2.02 p. ia." Leave Smith's;................. .'.2.22 p. m.' Leave Lewis' 2.30 j) m. Leave Chester:.; .2.44 p..xn. Leave Cornwall's... ?3.03 p m; ^ Leave Blaekstock.. . ?2.J2.& m. Leave Woodward's.' 3.18 p. m.. 1 Leave White Oak.-.. .?2tip:inJ LeaveWipjMhoK).>>..v.vv..^...-3;4S.|>;3n.-_' Leave Simpson's 4.03 p.m. Leave Ridgeway. 4.16 p. m." Leave Blythewood..-- ....Jt.32p.i3t Leave Killian's..... ..;....v4.49p, m | .Arrive at't>3ltnnbia:v;.'..'5.15 p. m. ;f Leave Columbia.. j. ...,.... I5.25y. m. Leave W. C. & A. J mxti&n. . .5.57 p. in. Arriveat Augusta.. .9.38 p. in. CKmeetion is nowmadeat Chester (by trains 52 and 53) lor Lancaster and inter- 'a mediate points on C. & C. R. and..for m aUpoihtson C. '& L. R.R: as far'as Hew-' ton, N. C. ' ^ . JL SLAUGHTER, G. A. 4 G. R. TALCOTT, Superintendent. ... . D. CARDWELL. ArG. P. A. ESTABLISHED IN 1798 BINGHAM'S Is ate only School, for Boys la tbe South-with GA8 LIGHT, a first-class GY3LNASIUK, and a first-class BATH HOUSE. Special terms to yoong men ot small means. . Tae iS3rd Session begins August 2SOi. For Catalogue address 3Iajt K. BDGEUlX) JaIy23L2m BINGHAM SCHOOL, H. C. . A Clear Ski n ' I is only a part of beauty; bntitisapart EVery lady may have st 5 a? leastj what looks like it Magnolia Balm both freshens aid