The Fairfield news and herald., November 17, 1886, Image 1

About The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900

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VOL. XI,!IK WIXNSBQKO, S. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1886. NO. 16.
j
a ... a STt'.cv.iMi o: v; ;
.; state rAi?:v\t..
.? --\\ J:::; i-. I), w.r.tiu
*;1 r:: i \ - i I,:- s
||fe, in lirl&il.
The State Farmers' Convention rati
iii Agricultural Hull, Colcmbi:?. or/iucs???
day, tae 9tl> insL, called to
order by Cap:. I). It. TiliiniiM, <?; IU^oCat>t.
Tillman tiici; woeec-uul to
an address of which tlic Coluiiibia Ilcgister
mr.iics the following synopsis:
Capt. Tillman stated that owing to his
having been called upon frequently to .
sjjealx throughout the State the past s-.nm- !
raer, he had acquired somewhat & facility
for extemporaneous spealiing, hut
tLat as he could not follow his subject .
with that force of statement and logical
sequence that he observed in his writ
incs. he would not attempt to address
the Convention extemporaneously. He.
therefore, had written an address, and
would read it before the Convention. lit
tiien read the address, which, to begin
with, aliuded to the succors with which ;
the effort to organize a fanners' move
k ment had met, notwithstundiiig the op- |
r position the undertaking had received j
from the beginning. Thut opposition
came usually from those who held fast to ,
the public teat, and it was natural for
them to squeal when they felt iz dipping
from their teeth. [Applause.] He said,
hoft-fevnr. that despite the cold water .
thrown on the movement it would be a
succcss and would result in unbounded
beneiit to the agricultural interests of
the State, which, he was sorry to confess, .
had gone down year by year until the
situation was appalling. The organization
of the formers would unite them,
and by their meetings and the tiueicioua
plans they would certainly devise the
gloom would be dispelled and the agri
culture oi tiio state oe put on a iieauuv ;
fooling. If nothing, else the methods of j ^
our agriculture would be ciianged and! v
something done to avert absolute ruin.
The farme rs, he stated, were ground to '
powder between the millstones of West- ]
cm competition on the one hand and 1
borrowing money at a high of interest
with which to make their crops on the '!
other. The organization of the farmers
^ would go far towards remedying that
mighty evil which threatened to overwhelm
the agriculture of this State.
It had been charged, he said, that the: .
farmers' movement was a political one,
but it liad no more politics in it than the
farmers of the State had a right to as- "
similate with it. He himself was opposed *
to mixing politics with the movement ii'
[ the farmers could get their lights without
ic. but the farmers now intended to
right their wrongs, and that was all they t
asked. [Applause.] The political fea
tores of the movement were to call at ten- j
tion . - the needs of the farmers and 1
place thv situation as it is before these
u authority. He It-it pretty sure ma*.-; .
tiiv.;:- would be heeded, aiiu in;;
case they ^oi what they wanted theyj ;
wou . :i>aed, but should they not :
^ ret. . . - ix.-iei they ask at the proper j '
hai. *- ../ would rise in their might and ! ,
take W..U-. they wanted. [Applause. j He | *
thought, however, that they would get |
all they asked, and stated tbut as one result I t
of the movement numbers o: members; *
had been elected to the LegL-iature, *
. pledged to their ideas of reform.
The principal thing the farmer asked ?
I; was the reduction of the taxes which J
burden him, and the adoption of a less i ?
expensive system in conducting the gov- j z
eminent of the State. They v.-antec! ! <
abolished all ohices which had been:
established for old fusils and broken! <
^ down gentrr. and lie predicted tb:r: <
something in this line would be dona j '
when tlie Legislature meets. [ Apphvuso. ]; <
He protested that his remarks cu>t no : <
reflection en present incumbents, Lut j
were intended to call attention to useless : '
offices now existing under our government.
He advocated the total divorce oi the (
Agricultural Department from politics,
and wants it placed in the hands to which i
A ! T- nMfkfi.oo]
io pivpciij j
experienced farmers. The demands oi \ i
the farmers were that the Agricultural <
Department, belonging by rights to '
- them, should be turned over to them, j
jS^ [Applause.] He maintained that farmers '
^yere intelligent enough to manage their '<
a?airs; and'that if the leading men in
the ranks would come to the Tront and '
consult they would not have to go to 1
lawyers to .know how to get their polities
and bo told how to vote.
The establishment of an Agricultural
College, said he; would go far towards '
k giving educated farmers to the State, j
^ . and would disseminate that scientific and
practical knowledge which the State so j
much needed. He remarked that he had 1
a letter from General Stephen D. Lee, i
i .1 /-. ?i ,i
in 'W.LUC.U me oei>ciiii U.ilu LJ.:CIL j
a college .similar to the Agricultural Col- j
lege of Mississippi w ould cost, exclusive
oi' the grounds :and experimental farm, i
5100,000. Captain Tillman believed that j
the SoOjOOO raised from the privilege tax j
. 04 fertilizers and the fund arising from ;
^ the land script, in addition to a small I
K appropriation from the State, would be !
M ample to support the college and have
^ all the work done that is now done by I
the Agricultural Department.
Tr> />r.r>/>lncir>r> ma 7ir/>W? nniKsnrvarism !
upon tlic farmers in their demands, and
expressed his confidence in legislation to
remedy the evils they complain of. If
E these wrongs were not righted they
would be on hand two years hence, and
' see that they would not be bamboozled
in the next choice oi ofiicials. ^Applause.]
3Ir. J. 13. Watson of Anderson nomi,1
. nated Senator V>". J. Taibert, of Edgefield,
for temporary president (he being
the caucus nominee i and that gentleman
was unanimously elected by acclamation. !
Mr. Talbert took his position at the
{ jf Kcporters' table and briefly returned his
thanks to the Convention.
( Messrs. J. T. Duncan, of Newberry,
' :1!K^ ^ Addison, cf Abbeville, were
unanimously elected secretaries.
CV.pt. Tinman now moved that the roll
oi u ;unties be called and that the chairrLan
vi e-icli delegation announce the
^|S numes or those sent to the Convention
e ||b ! -( coaniy, and that such names
hi-. i.:viU-d as delegates. Adopted.
'j.i.e enrolment occupied some time.
No credentials were submitted. The
counties of Aiken, Umnweli, l5?aufort,
phesierfielO, Georgetown, Kerry, Hampion
and York v,eve unrepresented, and
Union was only represented by one alternate.
Kicliland had a large tleiegaiion,
an a Charleston one above tlie average
size.
The enrolment lasted until l.L". F.
H. Yv*hen it had been completed Mr.
Shell, of Laurens, said that a number of
delegates were absent at tne lair and Lo
therefore proposed that after select:::;a
committee on credentials the Convention
take a recess until S P. M. Mr.
Shell's motion was carried, so amende-;
that the Convention should reconvene
r7.30 P. M.
: Mr. Ward, of Laurens, moved that in;
appoint a luomW 1'iom ea-l
cv .'ity hi serve on the credentials com.'Y.
i'isliburne, of Colleton,
fj'.l tli'* r.uopfioa of an amendment
i'lii" i 11 ?it each allegation elect its
07.:: co&iu Uteeman, and in this shape
the rose-''icn was earned.
" ue i'o31o?viug members constituted
:!v : Abbeville, A. W. Jones;
A. Hall; Berkeley, J. W.
!. I !!io ..lr.cf?\n II T. f T r\mnc
(. h?>tor. ) ;. P. Moore*; Colleton, L. E.
" ; Clarendon. -J. E. Tiudai; Dariisiiion.
Y\~. E. McHnight: Edgefield, B.
it. iiUnian; i'airi'ield. Samuel ??IcCoriiii'Ii;
Gre< i'.viije, H. G. Gilrcath; Ker-1
4:;uv, G. V,'. Moi-'ely; Lexington, Isaiali
Kaithvauger: Laurens, J. ?I. Tiudgtns;
A:::r:on, 1'. 0. Crawford; Marlboro, J. ;
L?. Grii.tt: X^'-.vocny, II. l'i. I'olk; Geo- 1
ace, ?. . Keith; Orangeburg, 1*\ ]>. t
Hate?; m-:, il. G. Shelly; Kichland, j
f TI K*-'1*4o111-vnT*nr ]i T, V.lv- !
ay: Sumter, A. II. Sanders; Union, John '
Thomas; \Yiliiamsburg, II. A. Eaddy. :
At 1.30 the Convention took a recess,
>:ut the conraittee on credertials, with '
Dr. .T. E. Tindal as chairman, began its 1
session. (
S?ess:??.
The Convention was called to order at .
r.30 o'clock. t
Dr. Tindal, of Clarendon, moved that ,
ac temporary organization be made per- i
nanent, and that- afterwards the eonsti- ,
ution be adopted and permanent officers '
e elected under it. Capt. Tillman spoke ,
or this substitute, and it was carried. j
The temporary officers having been j
nade permanent, the constitution for f
lie Farmers' Association of South Caro i;a
v?-as then read by Col. E. T. Stack- ,
jouse, of Marion. * A gentleman from ]
rviliiainsbui'g moved to vote on it by g
.eetiens, but by a vote of 34 to 31 the t
Convention refused io do so. N
Capt. Til' ruan stated that he and Col. t
backhouse had prepared the constitu- s
ion, but he said lie bad no objection to c
iaving its sections voted on separately.
L'he Convention adopted the constitution '?
s a v. hole, as follows: ]
PIi"SAMBLK. t
r
Wo. the fanners of Smith Carolina, in :
Convention assembled, recognizing the c
visdcin of the saying that in union c
here is strength, have deteimined to c
orm an organization for our mutual s
protection and benefit.
Its objects shall be the promotion of i
ill branches of agriculture and the inLuguration
of a more rational and remu- c
erative system of farming. These ends 7
xe to be secured by organizing agncnl- !
ural clubs throughout the State to meet :
.nd discuss the situation, and then bring i
he influence of the organized farmers to ]
>ear upon the State government so as to *
>btain protection against fraud and im- t
>osition, and to secure that fostering :
arc so imperatively demanded by our f
anguishing agricultural interest.
Willie we snail as mucn as possible -L
sclie'v [politics, legislation which affects
lie farmers injuriously or overlooks v
hem entirely will be our lirst care till
. remedy be hud. We claim the right H
o do this as citizens and taxpayers and c
nvokc the assistance of all classes and r
professions in securing reform in our <
government and in placing our agricnl- 7
ural interests on a more secure and .]
)rosperous foundation. J
To this end we have adopted the ]
olio wing: -L
constitution*. v.
Ap.ticle I. This Association shall be I
mown as the Farmers' Association of J
south Carolina. i
Ar.t. II. The olfleers of this Associa- i
ion shall be a President, seven Vice- 1
Presidents?one from each Congression- d
District?a Secretary and Treasurer J
liui tin JL-.\trcuoi\t; > imim 1111 v. yji. ? i
)ne from e^cli Congressional District -3
tnci two at large?all to be chosen by
be members of this Association at the ;
mnual meeting ia November, and to c
lold their offices for one year, or until :
heir successors are duly elected : provided,
that the Executive Committee hold
heir oiiice one, two and three years, i
;bice beiri? elected annually.
The first committee shall determine
l>v lot the length of then- respective! (
Lerms. _ >. j (
Akt. III. The President sliaii iiave a )
general supervision of the a flairs of the '
Association; shall preside at its meeting.--.
preserve order, and regulate its
liscussions according to ordinary parliamentary
rules, and shall be ex oliicio a ]
member of all committees. In liis ab- 1
sence one ot the Vice-Presidents shaU ;1
act.
The Secretary shall attend all meet- j3
ings of the Association, keep a record '
of its proceedings, as also those of the 1
Executive Committee, and attend to the
i. CS >jJ\J UViCUVi'V.
The Treisurer shall receive and keep
an account of all funds, and pay out tlie
same by order of the President "counter- !
signed by the Secretary, making an an
nual report of such receipts a ad expcn- .
ditures to the Association.
Ar.T. IV. The Executive Committee
shall have the general management and
control of all business of the Association,
shall prepare and issue a programme for
its annual meetings, and make all needed
arrangements therefor. They shall take
whatever steps they may deem proper to
secure the organization of farmers' |
clubs in every County of the State, eveiy J
Township if vossiblo. and tie til tins is
done they may appoint organizers to do
this work.
Ar.r. V. The regular annual meetings
of the Association shall l>8 held in
the city of Columbia the second Tuesday
in November, and special meetings
may be called by the Executive Committee
when deemed necessary.
Alii. \ i. H.ZC11 UOtiHIJ yciiiiOi
Farmers' Association be entitled to
five representatives, who shall be
elected by said Associations at their October
meetings in each year. Where do
organization exists, a mass meeting of
farmers may elect delegates, but this
shall only be allowed once, as the value
| of this Association -will depend on its
i permanent character.
Each County Association shall deter
mine for itself the qualifications of itmembers,
and shall meet at least four
times a year, and they shall not charge
more than fifty cents per member for annat^l
dues.
The Governor of tlie State shall be j
\ ex o3k-:o an honorary member of this i
I Associ;v-;o:i.
i Airr. VI i. There shall be a standing
| comiuittoc of one for each County, elected
i>y ics delegation immediately after
the org-.i'ization is completed, to whom
all resolutions or business propositions
r.r to i >e referred without debate, and
; this nmiittee slioll prepare business
I and ! : n powered to make .such recom
mendauons as it shall sec fit, to be acted
I upon by ihe Association.
: AnX." VIII. This constitution may
' Le altered or amended at any annual
i bv :i votf cf tv.'o-thirds of the
ruembei-s present.
"We also adopt the foil awing:
BY-LAWS.
i rirst. The President shall appoint all
committees, unless the Association shall
determine otherwise.
Second. The Executive Committee
may lill all vacancies occurring in any
oiliee, as also in their own nnmbor, until
t \l:e next annual meeting.
Third. Elections for ollieers -hall l;-c ]
by ballot. '!
Fourth. A fco of live dollars shall !>??.<
paid annually by each County Associa-j;
tion sending delegates, av.d the delegates
from no county will be allowed to vote ; i
until this fee is paid. ::
Fifth. The regular order <>f 1-us.iness j
shall be: J
1st. Koii call and enrolling delegate?. <
2d. Reading minutes of last meeting. 1
' d. C.-rrespondence. : 1
ith. Report of special committees. i
Ctn. iic})ort of standing committees. |>
Gtli. Unfinished business. ; 1
7th. New business. ; s
Sixth. These by-laws may be altered, s
xmended or suspended 1 v a two-thirds j;
I'oie of the members present.
ELECTION Ox 01TXCEKS. ?
The election of officers followed. Mr. '
Boyd, of Darlington, nominated Capt. j
8. E. Tillman for president. Capt.
riilman said that hp. folt t.rmt. hr> f/vnM
lo more for the chaise lie hiul at heart by
serving in the ranks or in some other *
capacity than in the presidency; he, ,
therefore, begged to decline. " !
Mr. Farley, of Spartanburg, nomilatc-d
ilr. D. X. Xorris, of Anderson. A "
leiegate nominated President Talbcrt, .
.vho declined. On motion of Mr. Fish- 1
jarne, the Chair cast the unanimous
.'ote of the Convention for Mr. X orris,
riie announcement of the vote was y
jreeted with hearty applause, which was
esumed when Mr- X orris was escorted L
:o the chair by Messrs. Boyd, Tillman 1
Lad Tindal.
On taking the cliair Mr. Xorris extressed
his high sense or the honor which
lad been conferred upon Iiim in his
election to preside over so representaive
a body of South Carolinians. It J'
vould be the privilege of the members
>f the Convention, as citizens, to con- 's;
-ider the things that affected them as 1
:itizens. and looking to their interests as a
:griculturalists to advance them without ?
tntagonizing other interests. It would
)o their duty to consider as farmers and u
o suggest to the General Assembly
neasures for the relief of the farming
nterests. They had gone to the praeti- i
:al waits of life for a man to lili their a
jhair, and with a knowledge ox his in- ^
ixperiecee he relied upon their indul
jence of his shortcomings as an ollicer.
The ether oilicers elected were as folows:
0
Vice-Presidents?C 1. E. S. Bedon,
>f Colleton, for the First Congressional v'
district; Hon. W. J. Talbert-, of Edgeield,
for the Second District; Capt. Joel fl
3eard, of Oconee, for the Third Dis- I'
ricfc; G. W. Shell, of Laurens, for the x<
fourth District; \Y. A. Ancrum, of Ivor- .
haw, for the Fifth District; Gen. E. T. I1
jtackhouse, of Marion, for the Sixth j
district; Dr. E. -J. Eembert, of Sumter, | j?
or the Seventh District. 11
Secretary?J. T. Duncan, of Newjerry.
Treasurer?W. P. Addison, of Abbe- V
ille. "l
Tlic standing committee v.as elected
s follows: Abbeville, J. Thor.ton; An[erson,
J. B. Watson; Berkeley, F. Y. i1(
jogare; Charleston, W. H. Kinsman; -1
Chester, C. W. McFadden; Colleton,
?. C. Fislibume; Clarendon, J. E. Tin- e;
Lai; Darlington, J. W. Beasley; Edge- ^
Leld, B. H. Tillman; Fairfield, \Y. IL &
Sabb; Greenville, V". B. Buist; Hamp- S
on, Geo. Mosely; Lexington, II. J. rJeibels;
Laurens, John Yv. lludgens; P
Lancaster, K. L. Mickler; Orangeburg,
I". E. Wannamaker; Sumter, A. iv. San- ~
iers; Union, Jolin P. Thomas; "Wil- n
iamsburg, F. M. Britton; Marion, E. *?
n Tvr.^.*n i> rr m
L. iuuiiuyiu, JLV. vv . i t^uc5?, ~
Sewberry, J. C. Goggans; Oconee, .J. |
r. Keith; Pickens, H. C. Siiiriey; Eich-1t<
and, J. H. Kinsler; Spartanburg, H. L. !
Parley. j ?
A number of resolutions, touching!
ipon various matters, were now intro-:
luced, and referred to the standing com- d
nittee. ; k
The Convention then adjourned till
>1 o'clock on the morning of the 10th j \
p.stant. ! -i
Second Day. j
The Convention assembled at 'Ji j
/clock, but took a recess till eleven j a
/clock, in order to hear the report of | ^
:he committee on resolutions. Capt. i
rillman read this report, as follows:
THE PLATFORM.
After due consideration of the various
resolutions referred to us, and taking i 0
into consideration the power invested in :
is to J$ake independent recoramenda-1 v
tions of our own volition, we submit the |
following platform as embodying the j
substance of such resolutions as were! D
acted upon favorably by the committee, j t
md as indicating the reforms and meas-1 ^
ures which we deem of great importance s
to our interests as farmers and citizens: e
We, the farmers of South Carolina in
Convention assembled, after mature de- e
liberation and after all the light and ex-1 v
perience gained since our last Conven- ]
tion from the fullest discussion among ! r
ourselves as to the general objects to be j -j
attained, hereby express our continued ! 2
and unshaken confidence in our Farmers'! x
Association as now organized to accom- j ^
r.lisli errcat good for the State if r>ror>erlv ! -
conducted and kept within legitimate \
"bounds, and we hereby reiterate our de- {
termination that there shall be hence- j
forth in South Carolina an organization
for the protection and advancement of
our agricultural interests.
In furtherance of this purpose and as
embodying the present views of the *
State, Ve respectfully urge upon our
General Assembly the necessity and advisability
of the following measures: J
1. The establishment of a real agricul- ;
tural college; ceparatc and distinct from ;
the South Carolina College, and modeled
after those of Mississippi and Michigan. 1
We believe that the necessary funds to
i i : i. A i
uunu ana equip uiis jmsutuuuii can < >u
secured by lopping oil needless expenditures,
and abolishing or consolidating
useless offices without increased taxation.
We furtlier recommend, as a means to
assist in building the institution, that
the different counties of the State be empowered
to bid for it by ofiering bonds
or land.
2. TL-i in experimental station should
be established at or in connection with
said Agricultural and Mechanical College,
the same to be under the charge of
[ its faculty, and that we memorialize Con
gress to pass tlie bill introduced by _VLr.
Hatch and now pending, which appropriates
$l-",000 annually to each State
for the purpose, and that we ask our
Senators and Congressmen to use all
legitimate means to secure its passage.
3. That in order that our agricultural
administration may be divorced' as far as
possible from, politics ana politicians, |
and ihe men best qualified to perform j
these important duties be selected by i
those most competent to judge, in order
tliat we may securo a board of agriculture
at once efficient, zealous and representative,
who know our needs and will
try to supply them, we urge that instead
of being chosen by the Legislature they
be elected by thi,s*Farmers' Association.
The board of agriculture should consist
of tun members, live elected annually.
They should have the power to elect
their own secretary, whose duties would
i correspond with these cl t'?e present
commissioner. '.Their duties would be
. the same as the law imposes on our present
board, except as the collection of the
phosphate royalty, which should be
rlvon to the comptroller-general. In addition
they .should have control of the
tgi'icultural college and experimental
station, and should by means of farmers'
institutes build u]> and keep alive coming
tg s-ieultnral associations.
!. That the system of inspection of
\,-rfciIizers is novr defective, and no adepiate
punishment for frauds provided.
'AV therefore urge such additional legisx*
. *11 . .i?_ . ... t, .. J
;uioii as \?m suuuro mo mruca pioiw
ion without imposing unnecessary re;cruiuts
upon tlio manufacture and sale of
ertilizers. Co .con seed meal, whether
;old as a fertiliser or as feed 101* stock,
ihould be inspected and its adulteration
maished.
y. We urge the Legislature not to
iquander the State's property by allowing
the wholesale exportation of phos)hates
at merely nominal prices, and
hat with a view of lessening ti?e burdens
>f taxation, they take into consideration
he advisability of increasing the plioS^r
>hate royalty.
U. >> C lULUlUu:'. iiU LIIU KJJL OUVli
legislation as wili protect ilio farmers of
he State pgainst imposition and. fraud
u the weighing of cotton.
7. We respectfully urgo such legisla- (
ion as will protect us against forest fires ]
legligently startod. '*
<s. The equalisation of taxes demands i
arnest consideration at tlie hands of the
legislature, and v.e urge such action as i
an best secure it. <
9. We urge such alterations of the fee ;
'ill as will guard the estates of dead per- ;
ons against abuses and provide pro toe- s
ion for widows and orphans. <
10. In order t.) s. c;:ro the needed re- <
jnns In our county governments and to i
educe the burde;. ui taxation, as well as ]
o secure such changes in the judicial 1
vstem as may be needed, we earnesily i
equesi our legislators to consider tne 1
dvisability of calling a constitutional
onvcntion, unless, in their judgment, j
iie necessary changes may be better oblined
by amendment. . ]
After the reading of the platform -a 1
lotion was made to take it up by sec- ]
ions. This excited some discussion. ,
nd a division was demanded on the 1
ucbtion, resulting yeas 39, nays 23.1 ]
The platform was then read by sec- s
ions, and was adopted. During the i
rogress of the reading there were one f
r two short discussions. 1 <
The platform was then adopted sis a
hole.
AX AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.
The following resolutions, adopted by '
le Anderson Farmers' Club, were re?rred
to tlie committee:
Resolved, That the Novemb Convex- *
^cn be urged to dc-mand of our next <
legislature the establishment of an agri- '
ultaral college separate and distinct I
:om the South Carolina College. *
Resolved, That we ask for a reorgani- 2
iition of the department of agriculture ^
1 the interests of economy and of the 1
irmcrs o'i the State. 1
THE FACTORS AND TILE USURY LAW. I
-Mr. H. 11. Thomas introduced the foi- J;
>wing resolution, which was also re- *
>rred: . 1
Whereas the usury law has had no 1
tlect in cheapening money, but has ^
iiut the farmers out from obtaining the [
ime and turning us over to the outra- *
eous charges of the cotton factors and
lcrchants, amounting to from 30 to 100 *
or cent.: ^
And, whereas, these laws force the far- '
lers to exchange cotton for goods, ena- 1
ling the merchant to fix tLe price of the
irmcrs' produce and to exact the price 1
f his goods, tims doing a?-;iy with the ?
irculation of money among tlie farmers, 1
j tiic detriment 01 the wnoie country: i
Therefore we recommend tlic repeal j
f tlae usury law.
ABOUT LITIGATION. 1
Tlie following was introduced l>y a '
elegatc whose name could not be ob- L
iined:
Resolved, That plainiills in referees' :
Courts be required to give bond for sufcient
amount to cover probable cc&ts of v
ait. * 1
The committee on resolutions reported
paper, submitted by Dr. Piembert, 1
nth the recommendation tJbat li, be pu'o- '
-shed and tliat its consideration be de- (
erred, until tlie next meeting. i
BAYIXG EXPENSES. J
After some debate, an assessment of i
ne dollar ivas laid upon, each delegate, j
o pay the expenses of the Convention? i
,-hich the treasurer proceeded to collect, i
A LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE. ;
Capt. Tillman then moved that a com- *
aittee of live be appointed to take steps 1
o have the legislation recommended by [
be Convention presented to the General :
assembly, and passed, if possible. This '
voked another discussion.
Capt. Stackkouse thought that the '
xecutive committee should be entrusted
rath the work.
Another delegate thought that a com- :
nittc:; of three would be sufficient. .
["heir expenses would have to be paid, .
.nd as the farmers had been preaching
etrenchmc-nt it would be as to well pracice
it right here.
^Finally it was agreed that the .com- .
nittce should consist of three members,
o be selected from the executive com- I
nittee.
TliB UEV AGEICULTI KAL COAKD.
Capt. Tillman next suggested that it
ivould be necessary to be prepared -with
m agricultural board in case the Legis
lature decided to turn the bureau over
:o the Association, as recommended in
T.lo+fni.n-1 TTo -mnvr-d that ilift com
oiittee on resolutions be instructed to
name ten members of the Association,
who by reason of their character, ability,
earnestness and zeal will command the
respect of the farmers ol the State as fit
to be the first board of the reorganized
bureau.
This fevoked a long discussion, in
which Capt. Tillman took an active part,
explaining his views and intentions.
The motion was finally adopted with an
amendment requiring the names to be
submitted to the Convention for confirmation.
A LOVE FEAST.
Capt. Tillman next, with an apology
! -- e ... ..< 1.;,. ftrtf i
ior me ireij[LLexiu\ *?x
the floor, stated that it was known that
m some of his letters published last winter
he had used words in reference to
the State Agricultural Society which
might be considered loo strong. He
uxid m- had been honest in what he had
sn.ii.]. It was stated by many of the
members oi' the State Society that this
Association wa-: antagonistic to that
body, and was intended to supersede it.
Ho for oik- remembered that daring tlie
dark u:ij- of Kftdifa! rale in th?> state,
, the Stat'.- AgrifuitriK'/s i iy wa,s perhaps
lli?. oxtiy organized koYjy of white
men in the State. He desired to deny
that lie load the least feeling oi resent
mer.t or distrust xor that society, lie
desired that harmony and concert ui"
action should exist between the two
bodies, and with that view he moved
that a committee of three bo -appointed
to invite the State Agricultural Society
to meet this Association in joint convention?a
kind .i L.veu.a. A?this evening at
7.30 o'clock, in order that there mijht
be a union of the two wings of the grand
army of fanners. [Applause.] The raoti?>11
was unanimously adopted, and the
Convention then took a recess until
7.30 r.p.
Evening Session.
At half-past 7 about one hundred
members reassembled at the Hall and j
the meeting was called to order by the j
president, Mr. 1). K. Norris.
Tae first business before the expected
lovefeast was the announcement of a
new l)oard of agriculture in case the
Legislature should adopt the recommendation
of the Convention and transfer
the management of the bureau of agriculture
to the Farmers' Association.
The appointments, as announced by j
the committee on business, are: D. K- i
Xorris, Anderson; IT. L. Donaldson,
Greenville; ?. T. StackhousC-, Marion;
I>. 11. Tillman, Edgefield; D. J\ Itoncan,
A Tl??
^/xu.vi-L9 xxuaii u uxiucu^j utii > ? v vua- ?
son Kagood, Barnwell; \\. A. Love,
Chester; E. L. Reeves, Charleston; A.
E. Davis, Fairfield.
Gn rrotion of Mr. Shell, of Laurens,
the report of the committee was adopted
?na the appointments y.?--. o continued.
The members of the Convention were.,
then requested to occupy the chairs oil
the left of the hall, leaving those on the
right for the members of tue State Agri
cultural and Mechanical Society, who
had been invited to attend a joint meeting,
and a recess wa^ taken until S
o clock.
At twenty-eight minutes past 8 o'clock
Captain Tillman moved to adjourn. A
delegate asked what had become of the
lovefeast at which the State Agricuitura
ind Mechanical Society was to have assisted.
The chairman replied that the
Convention had expected them at S
d'clock and had waited for them; that
aiuch to his regret they had not appeared,
and as the hall hau been promised
to the Survivors of the Wallace House
it half-past 8 o'clock he didn't see how
ihe Convention could wait.
On motion, the Convention then adjourned
sine die.
?The reporter of the News and Courier
adds this statement: " Without
jeing informed as to the causes which
prevented the attendance of the State
igricultural and Mechanical Society, I
.'anhira to sji.v flint fr><> imnt mpftt.iiifr
proposed was impracticable i'or the reajon
that the Society was not in session,
ts annual meeting being appointed for
:he next night. No doubt the proper
explanations will be made."
\:ght gloves revived.
ilodern Beauties Said to 8e Returning to I'nshioiis
of the Lo-nt Century.
The remarkable discovery has recenty
been made that "white hands are
:oming into fashion again," says London
>ueen. It would seem that hands have
.?een growing less white tlian they useu
o be, and have suffered from too great
ittachment in ladies to lawn tennis and '
)oating and other masculine aeeompiishaents.
Chapped and red hands are
lever pretty, and these, of course, invaiably
follow on outdoor exercises. The '
:vil is, happily, not beyond remedy, and
o offset tins purpose "the daughters ol' '
ashion," as many of them wili learn '
vith surprise, now have dishes of hot j:
rater shaped like a flower leaf on their ;
oilet tables, in which they steep j1
heir hands for a while before going to I
>ed, then anoint them with vaseline and j;
>ut on gloves lined with a preparation of j
old cream. These gloves should be of
/ash leather ar.d several sizes too large
or the hand. '
Before the paragraph has gone its taruy '
ound in print these night gloves will i
urely be made an instance oi the amaz- ;
ug luxury of our degenerate days, and
joint, we may be sure, a very doleful
iioral. In the absence of any general ,
mowledge on this point, the ladies of '
ashion will be looked upon as having :
iriginated a pernicious practice, which, 1
ogether -.nth the toilet masks of which
ve recently heard so much and saw so
ittle, might indicate a lamentable degree
>1' ovei refinement, such as we should i
:ertainly be reminded has invariably j
^receded the decay of empires.
The old receipt for perfuming gloves '
runs : Take amber grease a Oram, civet
he like quantity, orange flower buiter a
quarter of an ounce, and with these well
nixed and ordered daub thein overgenty
-with fine cotton wool, and so press
,ne perfume into them. Other devices
or making them "richly redolent"
>oint generally to the use of oil or fats
? l-ioinnr tho. hpst available and most
argely employed means to secure a
jood and lasting perfume. As for such
gloves being considered excellent for
light use we have the lines in Swift's
;oem on "The Lady's Dressing Eoom,"
showing on the table :
I'here night gloves made of Tripsey's
hide,
Bequeatli'd by Tripsey when she died.
Where a lady's maid is reassuring her
nistress in a poem of 17U0, as to her own
superiority ovrr a rival, the maid says:
L KUOW uie arts sue muuis w u-usy lu.o<_,
[ know whence all her boasted graces
rise:
Those charms which gained the creature
such renown,
:lre culled from every quarter of the
town:
n.+. a r>rip.p. immense.
Her breath from Warren and lier teetii
. from Spence;
Eacli night her face is wrapped in greasy
hands,
And Chinese gloves enfold her arms and
hands;v
If such'a niadeup thing can rival thee,
Let park canals strive with the foaming
sea:
Let Oxford hacks "with Pegasus compare,
And broad St. Giles' vie with Portman
square.
There would be some suspicion of
i->Viamidol frontmnnf. ohrmt such cloves.
0__
Although a French, philosopher some
time ago asserted that glovers, oi' all
artisans, were the most mild and rcvahie,
owing to the soothing intluenoe of leather
upon tenders, mens, this discovery had
not "been made when Chinese gloves
were in vogue, and more direct agencies
acting upon the outer man or wo^an
were all that were sought after. ' predicated
" ^Icvesaro usecf by Dr. Johnson's
bora beauty in the 120tli Rambler, the
doctor probably not knowing much of
toilet mysteries. This yo.y^g lady is j
represented ?s ^tuays most carefully tent
ded and put under rigid cosmetic discipline
at night, never permitt-ed to sleep
until thoroughly anointed with 4-beau
flower water tuid May dew," her hair
J perfumed and oiled, and the softness of
her hands secured by medicated sieves.
Tits Xntional ?rsfis;?*.
Fiiii.Ai'*KU'Hi Xovuuh, 11.- .TLc Xalions,!
Grange of Pa rev. : ci M'^b.-nt-Jry
opened the morning work of the second
day's session with ihr; continuation of the
call of the roll .c [ blasters of State Granges,
"who report oa the condition of the ii;ttc
bodies under their supervision. The majority
of the reports .showed the State
bodies to be in a flourishing co?d;iior., only
a few giving evidenc of -Jiing'orf in in
teres, and Vurk. The be:.t re]>ort was pre
sente'd by the Master Granger of Maine,
where exists the best organization and
largest increase in membership, as well as
| the best methods for carrying on the work
i of the Order. Upwards of SOU delegates
' w present, wnrty half of them wom^n.
I THOUGHTS FOR THE M0XT1I. j
SO>;E SKAW'.'AKLK sj FROM J
:::s2! UTKOKITV.
W fcst Wi:r!i iJjp (IiwS. Farmrr* 5)? in
tl:!* of \ovfku?5frr--Af? latcrc>i:n? Ar(i
i*i,! rroniai: n;rr. j
(W I.. Jor.c> tin' N*l\v> - \ ,-r ^4Cu!::v ^o^.',)
in the southern portions of the cotton
belt, oats au?l wheat m;\v still be sown;
in some sections it is the best time to
start these crops. Br.fc in the r.orthern
portions of .the belt, it is too lute to sow
anything but wheat, rye anil barley?too
late for clover and the winter grasses.
Cotton planters delay the sowing of
wheat, until the cotton is picked out,
both because, while that work is progressing
it absorbs all the available labor, and
because wheat usually follows cotton, and
-tlie ploughing in cannot be done till the
cotton is out of the way. This makes
the sowing of wheat come on a little later
tlian is desirable. Fear of the fiy justifies
delay till after frost, but the sooner
after frost w] icat is so wn tlie better. The
plant needs time, while the weather is
still mild to develop roots and push them
well into the soil and get a good strong
foothold. Some think that deep covering
of grains makes tliem stand cold
better; our observations do not accord
with this belief. Wheat, oats, etc., have
little stem beneath the surface?if covered
deep they soon throw out a circle of roots
near the surface and the part below dies.
But while the stem does not extend downwards
mucli, the roots may, and often do,
penetrate thc-soilto considerable depths.
This not only establishes; the plant iiimly,
but puts the ends of the roots ('which
are their main food-absorbing part) beyond
the reach of the severest cold. In.
our climate the ground is not often frozen
more than two or three inches; only
in very extreme cases does the freezing
extend to a dej^th of live or six inches.
Boot growth, therefore, can go on most
of the rime during winter; and this it
does, though the part above ground
makes little progress. The roots are
giuiiuim ctnu ?a,}jwie iu uiidation
during the printer for a vigorous
growth of the plant in ec.rly spring; and
thisis just what is needed, in our climate,
to liasten maturity and escape the rust.
The greater yield of fall, as compared
with spring oats, illustrates the advant- ;
ages of this root growth during the latter .
pari of autumn and through the winter.
The part above ground may be sharply ;
cut down by the cold, but that which is ;
beneath and at the surface goes on accu
ululating and storing material out of ,
which the stais, oiaaes ana ear rapidly '
develop in the spring; just as the flower- ,
ing stalk of a turnip shoots up in a few
days from its enlarged underground root, ;
in which material for growth had been
stored the preceding autumn. ,
It is gratifying to note an increasing :
desire and disposition among ourlarmers
to raise needed supplies at home. Bread :
and meat head the list of these, and as (
we are A wh at-eating people, it is ex
tremely desirable that varieties adapted ;
to our climate should be discovered or
developed. Every plant we cultivate ]
does, or may, acquire special adaption to ,
inv in vliicli if ran <rn\v nt nil j
Xote the varieties of corn North and (
South, the rust proof oat of the South and
the several lands at the North. Eye .
from the Nortlnvcst fails utterly in the j
South, even though one cannot detect ]
any difference in appearance of seed or .
other parts of the plant. The same holds ,
in ease of fruits and vegetables. With .
these l'acis before us, is it unreasonable (
to suppose that a variety or varieties of ^
wheat might bo developed at the South, ,
thoroughly adapted to its soils and cii- j
mates ? Why should wheat form an ex- ,
seption ? It lias been localized in other <
portions of the world; the Mediterra- j
nean wheats grown for cent uries in sontl i- j
em Europe and in Egypt arc markt-d (
varieties compared with those northern regions.
Why may not the cotton States j
have corresponding varieties adapted to .
them V If iarmers woniu examine their ,
wheat fields carefully before harvest, and
when rust prevails gather the heads of (
those stalks which are entirely or most ]
nearly free from rust, sow the seed from
these by themselves the next season, and ;
again select as before, and continue :
doing thus for a few years, wo have little ]
doubt a rust-proof variety could be es- ,
tablished.. Further selection of the most ,
prolific stalks with best developed seed '
would carry the improvement stiil further.
Time would be baved and chances ,
of success increased by starting with '
varieties?like the 3Icditerranearw?which
have already become accustomed to warm
climates.
In the meantime, th >se varieties i^ay
be sown which the conci-iieni testimony
of a neighborhood shows to have succeeded
best in it. As stated before, the seeding
down should be done as early in November
as possible. Wheat follows occton
admirably, and the highest, dry est
land should Ly selected for it. The surface
soil, to a depth of three or four
inches, should be brought into the finest
tilth by plowing, rolling and harrowing.
Whatever manure is used should be thororougldy
incorporated with this surface
soil. If cotton seed is applied, it should
be plowed in with the wheat. Commercial
fertilizers may be plowed in shallow
_ 1. , ? T?
OJ. XiailO >? CU Jll. JLll UlVlCil L_LL?<JO, llilj 1
busliels of cotton seed to ike acre ^3 regarded
as a safe guarantee of a good
crop, even on poor land. Thirty by.siiels
of cotton seed and one hundred and fifty
pounds <>f ;icid phospliatc per acre is
preferable to fifty bushels of seed alone.
Three hundred pounds of cotton seed
meal is about equivalent to thirty bushels
of seed, and may bo substituted in
place of tlier?., T'ne above quantities of
mar.ra'J may be applied at the time of
seeding. In the spring it may sometimes
be desirable and profitable to give a
light t< ip-dressing -J: phosphates, nitrate
of sod*.; and iiainit or salt. Daring winI
ier it is well to roll wheat with ?, Uea%y |
I roller, after even* unusu-.dfv Lard freeze
as soon as the jrround is entirely thawed.
Tlic (VwOiiing, even when it does not lift
the plant out of the ground; destroys
f-'e necessary contact v.Z tiie roots with
the toil, and interferes with their absorption
water food.
If, by the use of pr-jper sieves, the
small. imperfeei grains are removed
from I he seed wheat, one bushel of seed
is enough for an acre. Well trained
i hands can sow seed very uniformly, but
ao it rale it would pay v. farmer to have a
seed-sower. Some uf these arc cheap
enough to he within the reach of all, and
the rapidity and uniformity of their .Owing
soon pays for t]ic>\ Xi>ogui^r sewing
and covering, so that a part
icf tue young plants die out from overcrowding,
and a part of the seed never
comes up from being covered with ek-tis
or something else, havo e.rosed a great
waste of seed, xc is probable that from
small, defective seed, irregular sowing
and improper covering, one-fourth or
more of the seed sown is practically lost.
; After fine preparation, sow tho seed,
aMMWWM???a?? iniTurm
plow in liglitly?not more than twc
inches, if necessary harrow?anil finish uj*
by "rolling the land.
' The frequent destruction of fall outs
by cold has discouraged the fall sowing
'\4-* <"?o rvorfiol onV?cfifnfo ic r/iTT
\Jt WVO ti.iJ.V4 Cb jk/CSJ.ClUi AO TVAJ
desirable, especially in the northern portions
of the cotton belt. Barley appears
to be the best -within reach. It is very
hardy; seldom injured by cold and
supplies a very excellent feed for horses.
The unsettled question is, in what shape
and how to feed it'? We have seen it
stated tliat, in California, horses are
turned loose on a stack of barley as cows
are upon a stack of hay or straw. After
barley is tlireslied and the beard is
IihaT'AVI 1 off/?AV.
UXl/n\;U V'0_L UlV/QiamO} WUU AMW4.V1 ^UlUVl \,V.i
tstinly be fed like any other grain. Cannot
some reader throw the light of experience
on this point ? If barley is
sown on ordinary land without fertilization,
notnio:e than one and a half or
two bushels should be sown on an acre;
and November is a good month to sow it
when the object is not grazing or soiling,
but the production of grain and straw.
Tf-. s'lmnlrl nltraTs Imwpvpr 1)0 snvni nri
the best land that is available, and more
or less manuring will pay, us it does on
almost every crop. As there is great certainty
of not being winter hilled and the
crop is ns free from casualties as any
grown, one can very trustingly apply
manure to it. Sincc writing the above,
Judge Betts, the Commissioner of Agriculture
of Alabama, has informed us
that for twenty years he lias raised barley
for horse-feed in northern Alabama with
great success, and feeds it just as he
feeds si leaf oats. With barley as with
rye, it is important to sow bome-grown
seed. Most of the seed obtained from
the North is spring-raised, and will not
do well in our climate. The May bircis
are the greatest enemy to this crop.
They usually pass through our section
when the barley is in mTlk, and prove
quite destructive. Boys and shotguns
are the best remedies.
As cold weather approaches, suitable
provision should be made for the care of
stock. Close barns and cellars are rarely
needed in our warm climate; but shelter
from cold rains and barriers against cold
winds are imperatively called i'or. Simple
shelters planked up, or even well
brushed up on the north and west sides,
will answer every purpose. They may
be constructed of poles, to be had on
every farm, and covered with plank roofs,
which can be taken down when the winter
is over and stored away under shelter
until the next season. Thus managed,
they will last a very long time.
'Ibe usual practice in feeding "roughness"
is to throw it on the ground, and
Let the cows pick over and trampla upon it,
and the tramping usually exceeds the
picking. It is a most wasteful practice.
A. better, and at same time inexpensive
and convenient method is to have racks,
with the slats near together?not wide
enough apart to admit- the cow's nose,
but only its tongue, s-o that it can pull
out only a little at a time. It not only
prevents waste from forage being pulled
out and trod under foot, but enables
the animals to tear off pieces small
enough to be chewed?to divide a shuck.
tcr instance, imo several mou^uiuis.
It is also very desirable to supply animals
with water, not too cold during
cold weather. Cows drink a large quantity
of water, and when the latter is
nearly at the freezing point, it has to be
(vanned up in the stomach by animal
beat?raised, say forty to one "hundred
legrees. Now, animal heat is generaatd
from food, and if an animal drinks much
sold water, it must eat more food wherewith
to warm it. If practicable, water
should be conducted in a pipe, some disi
- -i a * - _ x ? n. -
iance unaergroiuia, irom a, spring 10 uie
lot. It would thus get within reach of
mimals at a temperature of about sixty
legrees. Such an arrangement would
i!so insure animals against the neglect
oi servants in supplying water or of supplying
it regularly. If one considers
the time consumed in drawing water
from a well and carrying it to animals,
Dr in leading animals to a watering
trough day after day and year after year,
bow long would the labor and time
thus expended run up a bill of costs in
sxeess of that of the piping ai\0. oilier
fixtures requisite to convey i'? warm and
fresh to every stall?
The remarks about warm water for
stock apply with equal force to warm
food as against cold. The practice of
cooking food, which at one time was
largely practiced, from the belief that
its nutritiousiitss and digestibility were
largeiy increased thereby, has advantage
In the matter of licat, though shown by
experiment not to be superior to uucookcd
food in other respects. Under
some circumstances it might be more
economical to warm the food of cows in
extremely cold weather by cooking or
steaming, than tc have the animal warm
it by consuming more food. /\s a rule
wood and coal are chy^pev tkaii forage
and grain.
Jt is sometimes the case that cooking
or steaming is decidedly advantageous
by imparting the flavor of the more
palatable to that whisii is. less so, in a
mivA/l rofrirv" "Wlioo.t. strftTr fr>r
^hounds in liydio-carbons, but is uelicient
in nitrogen; cotton seed meal
abounds in nitrogen: \he two supplement
each o^her and make a good feed.
Ihu if fed separately, an animal would
not cat the straw well, because it is not
palatable $oc\d i it is defective in flavor.
The quantity of cotton seed meal proper
-or an animal is too small to be mixed
well with the necessary amount of stray?,
even when the latter is cut y,p>. i>ut
steaminp" 'will impart, the tfavor of the
mea'i to ^as muoh, straw as is desirable.
The compounding of different kinds of
f^ed in proper proportions, is not er.iy
desirable for the health ai\d ihrift of
animals, but extremely important in an
economical point of view. Excess of
any o?,e ingredient of food above its due
proportion is not appropriated by the
animal, and is practically lost. The subject
is too large; however, for development
hero, and must te reserved for a
future number.
Proceedings or the Postmasters.
The convention of Ihini and fourth class
postmasters of South Carolina was held
lastni^ht&t .Stanley's llaii. The convcuiion
organized as follows:
President?F. A. Schirlley, postmaster at
Orangeburg. Vice-Presidents?D. (X Her
bert of Newberry, W. C. Rose of Timaionsville,
V/. S. Varner of Grcr-leyville. Sec
iCtarv and Treasurer?11. E. Bonner ol
Due "West.
Resolutions were adopted asking an increase
of compensation.
The following delegates were e:? ete.l t<
represent South Carolina at the Naliov.a
Convention of Post masters to iicid i:
June at Chicago: F. A. schifiiey of ( ;r
an<reburg: H. si. Bonner of Due West
C. W. Vrebb'of Spartanburg; II. J. Ovg
[ ory of Lancaster; >V. S. Varner -J. Greeley
I ville. II. E. Bonner w?vinominated to rep
resent South f ^rsilna, on the National I'x
ecutiv? (.'^liimiitee.
. A resolution was adopted exiling upoi
third class postmaster ai> court houses t?
organize coiin-y conventions,
Aftev reading a letter from the Postrrnj
ter General acknowledging the receipt o
an invitation 'uo atted the meeting, the con
vention, at 10.30 P. 3t, adjourned.?CI
h'Ml'ia Rfford, Nov. 10th.
> TIME FOR STAR SHOWERS.
Wonderful Sj>ectaclc Soon to Presented by
the Hea\enx.
; In a few days, says the San Francisco
Call, the world will once more enter that
curious belt of meteorities which is
l'nnu*r> oc* fli/i -foil cfo-r oltProw?
i Aiiv/ w u no biiv xuu cuv n JU ?t-XJ
boy and girl is familiar with the wonderful
spectacle which the skies present
twice a year, when the heavens appear
to be filled with falling stars, and bright
lines of light cross each other in endless
succession, until it seems, in the poetic
imagery of the Bible, that the stars of
heaven are raining down upon the world
"as a fiig tree casteth her unripe figs
when she is shaken by the wind." Many
a grown up person has sat up thxougli
the night watching the impressive
spectacle, and it is likely enough that ,
professors will again be persecuted this
xp-Virt will wanttn
wateli the rain of star dust from the vantage
ground of observatories.
According to the ordinary reckoning
5,000 meteors fail on the earth every
year, the great bulk of them, of course, "
falling into the sea. This is mere guesswork.
The data are entirely wanting on
which to base an estimate. . The size of
the meteoric stones which are preserved
in museums varies from a ton in weight
to the size of a child's marble. The ancients
loved to fancy that they were
thunderbolts which Jove hurled at erring
gods or mortals; thus the career of the
unlucky Phaeton was said to have been
terminated by one of these projectiles.
Jt>ut, in iact. taere is no record oi any
nature of any edifice having been struck
by a meteoric stone. In the older works
on astronomy mention is made of a
shower of meteoric stones which fell near
Euquefort in France. Some of the fragments
are said +o have been from twenty-eight
to thirty pounds in weight; one
of them is stated to have fallen on a
cabin and killed a shepherd and a bull.
The stones which do generally fall
come Trom fireballs or bolides, which are
seen to explode with a great noise and
smoke. The explosion is sometimes
l>/aor/l o vnil/ie otrotr
concussion of the air shakes the whole
region like an earthquake. The great
fireball which exploded in Normandy in
1803, and of which Humboldt gives an account
of in his "Cosmos," was surrounded
by a small black cloud. All at once a
loud explosion was heard, and this was
followed by several others "resembling
discharges of musketry mingled with the
rolling of a great number of drums."
Ivlore than 2,000 meteoric stones are said
' to have fallen from this bolide, the
largest weighing seventeen pounds. They
wore all hot and smoked. The same
author mentions the discovery of another
meteorite which fell at Poitiers in 1822.
As it fell it looked like a great roman
candle in a display of fireworks. Its
train was of such brilliancy that the
light lasted several minutes. Eighteen #
years ago detonations were heard from
a black cloud above Luce, in France,
and presently the whistling of a rapidlyfalling
body was noticed. The stone
was found buried in the earth, and was
so iiot that no one could touch it.
A still more remarkable fireball was
observed by M. Heiss of the Monster
Observatory in 1863. It remained in
view for five seconds; long enough to ^ .
enable the astronomer to observe it with
caie. Before it exploded it appeared to
be one-quarter the size of the moon; he
reckoned its actual diameter at 420
yards. Its brightness made the stars
Dale, and its color ket>t chanffinff from
red to violet and white. It was traveling
at the rate of 200 miles a second. No
meteorite from tliis fireball was ever
found.
There is probably no general law on
these matters;. Most of the meteorites
that have been found were red hot, or
nearly so; but one fell in the Punjab a
few years ago, which was so icy cold that
the lingers of those who touched it
stuck to its surface. Scientific men explained
this on the theory that this one
. t n.- ?A L
uiiu j L?t uuiae ii.uiu tut; uatenxiost ais-'
tancc* of spacc, where tlie sun's rays
have 110 power.
Some philosopher, arguing that life
was omnipresent, once raised the question
whether meteors and aerolites could
bo inhabited by a race of beings specially
created so as to be adapted to their
conditions. But the microscope fails to
show the least trace of either animal or
vegetable life on these visitors from th8
outer world. The planets may be in!
V _ JJl t. 1L 1 3 A _ J? - - *
naoiteu, raougn 11 is nara to unaerscana.
how. It is known that if the planetoids
contain human beings they must be sixty
feet high. Hut it is pretty safe to sav
that nobody lives in a comet, which
alternates between a heat that fuses
metal and a cold that no imaginable
I thermometer could record, and which,
moreover, has the awkward habit of
i splitting up into two or three pieces on
slight provocation.
THE WALLACE HOUSE.
iieuuion of the Surviving Members and Organization
of an Association.
Tire surviving members of the Democratic
House of lie preventative of 1876, the
" Wallace House," met last night at Carolina
Hall, where the House was first organized.
The meeting was organized with Hon P.
A. Connor of Cokesbury in the chair, and
Colonel John T. Sloan as Clerk. The roll
was called and the following members re-' \s.
spewed:
} w. 11. Wallace, JD. t\ Bradley, K K.
Hemphill, R. E Bowen, F. A. Connor,
John C. Guignard, I. S. Bamberg, L. W.
Youmncs, J. D. Browne, J. C. Sheppard,
W. S. Allen, L. A. Parler, W. H. Reedish,
T. X. Edens, J. W. Envin, B. H. 3Iassey,
A. E. Hutchinson, Wm. Jellrevs, Thomas
L. Moore, G. Midler. G. Leaphart, J. V/.
WolYord, II. R. Yandiver, J. B. Humbert.
The meeting organized an association to
be called "The Wallace House Association,"
hv the clr-."finn nf 1 lie fftllnv.-iirr nfHr>i?rs
Judge W. II. Wallace, President.
Senator Wade Hampton, First Vice President,
lion. R. E. Bowcn, Second Vice President.
Hon. A. C. Haskell. Third Vice President.
Colonel John T. Sloan, Clerk.
W. McB. Sloau. Assistant Clerk.
General Erwin offered a resolution,
which was adopted, requesting Hon. W.
II. Wallace to prepare a history of the
events which led to the revolution of 1876,
and the election and organization of the
. Wallace House.
It was resolved to meet annually in Cor
lunihla on Wednesday of Pair week.
The Association then adjourned in a
!;o(iy io Agricultural iiaii, wiiere J uclge
Wallace delivered an address in which
. ;i j'UtOiy of the causes which led to the
; | political revolution of 1^76, by which the
: v,'.rite people of ihe State resumed control
of the government after ten years of ne:
gro rule, was given.
At ten o'clock the association, with a
- number of guests, sat clown to an elegant
- supper at the Grand Central Hotel.?Co
lumbia Dully Record, ll?7i.
i The ''pinhole camera" is a novelty in
) photography. It is a little tin box" two
inches in diameter and three quarters of an
>- inch deep. Simple as the construction is,
f with paper instead of glass for the negalive,
and a pinhole in the cover for the
i- light to enter, some interesting work may
be done with the instrument.