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The columns of this paper afford an excellent advertising medium for all kinds of merchants. Printers ink says that space in a labor paper is superior to that in any other publi cation, reaching the consuming class —and the rates are much lower. VOL. 25. NO. 51. hipping boarcl, who has always andled the labor side of the ship ping board's work, issued a statement idicating a very serious ignorance of tie facts, and declaring lhat,there was good cause for the strige, he was harply answered in~a public letter by "ictor A. Olander, secretary of the .ake Sailors' union and member of le war labor board. Olander showed hat the strike had been called for _ie purpose of compelling the car ters to obey the decisiod of the ship ing board, the labor department, the tlantic and gulf shift-owners and the rganized seamen, to co-operate in •aining the men for the nation's mer hant fleet, necessary to the winning the war. He showed that the lake arriers were the one rebellious ele —ient in tne situation. SHIPPING BOARD FORCES LAKE CARRIERS TO YIELD Old "Open Shop" Marine Crowd Busy Explaining, But Government Calls Turn and P^ss Book and "Hellfare" Plans Must A cleancut victory has been scored by the Sailors .the Marine Firemen's Union of the Great Lakes, over Carriers* association. .fjJL Order To Carriers. 4 The Carriers' association and its members have been com pelled to sign the agreement of co-operation between organized ieamen, the government and the shipowners of the United States, embodied in the "Nation's -Appeal For Men to Man the Merchant Ships." Been Busy Explaining. The Lake Carrier's association has been busy during the we^k explaining its atfitude to the public by means of paid advertise nents in the daily newspapers, but the government insists that the union must be dealt with and the welfare pass books and :he anti-union welfare system established by the carriers must *o. Training of men on the Great Lakes for service on the gov ernment overseas merchant fleet is assured, thus ending the long pposition of the carriers to the plan agreed upon by the ship wners on the gulf and the Atlantic. Wage and overtime questions are submitted to arbitration, uhe carriers discover that they ar?e powerless to maintain' their tand against having any negotions or dealings with the unions. Sailors Stood Ready. The strike, set for July 29, at every port on the lakes, and Qvolving from 10,000 to 15,000 men, was called off* A large lumber of sailors in ports not reached quickly enough by the elegram calling off the strike went out. These had to be_ notified long-distance telephone from "Washington that they should go ack to work? The fight was won without losses. This proposed strike of the Great Lakes sailors and firemen fas called off once before—in October of last year—in order that he government might try to bring the Carriers' association into ine with the rest of the country. The government failed. A few ays ago, when Chairman Hurley of the shipping board, in the bonce of Qommiasioner Stevens of the4T What happened afterward is partly )ld in this telegram, sent out to all ike ports by Olander and the gen ral strike committee: "The United States shipping board iok action this afternoon that makes possible for the seamen on the reat Lakes to obtain a complete ad istment of the controversy without jsorting to a strike. The shipping aard has sent the following order the Lake Carriers' association ad (Continued on page 3.) 'OARD EXPOSES HUN FALSEHOOD -Mies Report That More Men Are Killed Shipbuilding Than in Trenches. WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.—=The -nited States shipping board denies ories to the effect that mojre men being killed and injured in ship rds than are being killed and in red in the trenches. It is declared at this is "a new and insiduous form German propaganda." The board shows that the Hog _and ship yard near Philadelphia, lploying an average force of 20,497 iring the month of May, had 107 ac lents, which gives a frequency rate 6, as compared to the rate of 21.8 the period from 1912 to 1916. The :ter figures are taken frofh the de rtment of labor statistics, which ow that the accident rate in ship _rds from 1912 to 1916 were ap oximately 21.8 for every 1,000 men lployed. The board says that the Hog island ip yards, which have been built and ganized from nothing, seem to be a ir example of the attention which is ing given accident prevention. It is stated that the percentage of -cidents is constantly decreasing and jprediction is made that within the xt few months, the yards will be owing a lower rate than the most vored private industrial institution.- 1 ANDLOCKOUTS New War Labor Policy Adopted Is Admonitory Rather Than Mandatory. (Special to Tlie Labor World.) OTTAWA, Can., Aug. 1.—The gov ernment, in view of the prevalence of labor disputes in the Dominion, has laid down a war labor policy, which it desires shall be followed by employer^ and employes so long as the war shall last. The recommendations are ad monitory rather than mandatory. The policy lays it down that there shall be no strikes or lockouts in war time. It concedes the right of labor to form unions, and of employers to form associations. In establishments where union shops exist by agreement, it is advised that they continue so to do. In open shops the employment of non-union labor is not to be construed by union employes as a grievance. Equal Pay For Women. In the fixing of wages, minimum rates of pay should be arranged for. Where women are doing work ordin arily done by men they should, says the government, receive the same wages. In the case of war industries, the maximum output should be sought and any method of labor which will militate against this should be dis couraged. When an agreement as to wages and so forth has been reached be tween employer and employed, both should agree to its continuance for the period of the war, subject only to such changes as may be necessary on account of the increased cost of liv ing. The memorandum lays it down that when employers and employed fail to agree recourse be had to conciliation through the Industrial Disputes In vestigation Act. May Appeal Findings. In case of failure to digree upon the finding of the Board of Conciliation, it is stipulated that the finding be submitted to a board of appeal on which there shall be represented the trades and labor congress, the two parties in the dispute, and the Cana dian Manufacturers' association, to gether with a chairman to be.chosen by these. This board shall review the evidence and the findings of the Board of Conciliation, together with any further evidence which either ©f the parties desires to submit and the findings of the board of appeal shall be final. The recommendations have been approved by the Governor-General and the council. ... .1^ Decrease in German Berth Rate Spells Defeat For Kaiser Proof that the foundations of the central powers are crumbling and .that the morale of their ci vilian poulation cannot withstand the ravages,of war,more than two years longer, is disclosed by Dr. Raymond Pearl, statistician of the food administration. Through comparison of data gathered by agents .of the allied governments and tlj£ United States, scientists have -established the ..following »nchi$ions. net .decrease in birth rate i* 417 was 48 per cent in Ger -ny and 54 per cent in Hun gary. The net decrease in England and France was 24 per cent. Germany's loss in population was 40,000 per 1,000,000. Hun gary's 70,000 per 1,000,000 and and England's 10,000 per 1,000, 000. The marriage rate In England showed a marked increase, but the rate in the central powers declined sharply. A great decrease -in the mor tality rate in England, coupled with the increase marriage rate, will result in a net increase in population in the British Isles as a result of the wiar. War greatly increases the death rate among all persons of 70 years or over, owing to worry and ner vous excitement. The marriage rate of any coun try is the-surest indication of the morale of the nation. 6E0A6IA COURT FAVORS NICE LITTLE TRADE UNION ATLANTA, Ga., Aug. 1.-—Superior Court Judge Pendleton, believes that trade unions .should, be nice little family .affaii&Vlfoch no.lgwggtage em ployer could object to. In issuing an injunction against of ficers of the Textile Workers* union the honored court took occasion to express his views on the "ideal" la bor union, which, he said, was g.n or ganization of mill employes, strictly among themselves, without affiliation with national bodies. Lest a bona fide trade union of textile workers be formed he ordered that all attempts to unionize these mills without the owners* consent cease forthwith, and that no employe, present or future, be induced to leave his present employ ment on the' promise of better con ditions. -^rr^Vri£? LONDON, Aug. 1.—(Special Cablegram to The Labor World)—The main subject for (Jis1 cussion in the British labor movement during the past few weeks has been the decision of the Executive Committee of the Labor Party to recommend to the special Labor Party Conference, held on June 26, that the party truce be ended. The reasons given by the Executive com mittee were that a truce had not in reality existed for the last two years, and that local labor organizations had shown an inclination to run- candidates at by-elections regardless of arrangements made by the Executive commit tee not to contest the seats of other parties when vacant. One instance of this impatience with the truce occurred at an election at which the well known, strongly pro-war Socialist, Ben Tillett, opposed the government candidate and was returned. Ther recommendation of the Executive committee was agreed to by the conference after long and heated discussion. The pacifist section wished to draw the deduction that the seven labor members of the coalition govern ment should withdraw from their posts. This position wtfs stoutly resisted by the Executive committee, whose spokesman, Arthur Hender son, declared that the ending of the truce did not mean that the Labor Party was going into* the opposition. Two members of the government, George Barnes of the war cabinet, and J. R. Clynes, parliamentary secretary of the food ministry, challenged the conference on" this-larger issue, but although no vote on this subject was taken 4 TRADE UNIONS WILL MAKE WAR STAMP DRIVE LABOR DAY FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE, ECONOMIC REFORM AND POLITICAL PROC^J^V/y. DULUTH AND SUPERIOR, AUGUST 3, 1918. Employers Take Advantage ot Joker in Law and Hold Up Negotiations. WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.—-Into a section of the sundry civil appropria tions bill granting $5,500,000 for the United States employment service, the senate slipped this joke: "Provided, That no money now or hereafter appropriate for the pay ment of wages not fixed by statute shall be available to pay wages in ex cess of the standard determined upon by the war labor policies board." The language has now become law. The labor department is trying to find out how broad a maximum wage law has been enacted by this brief sentence. The words clearly do not apply to this one paragraph. They apply to all "money now or hereafter appropriated for the payment of wages not fixpd by statute." That seems to cover the wages paid in every plant run by the government outside the wages especially fixed by act of congress, where congress votes funds for wages. will require a good deal of legal st&ly to determine how much of a me* the senate has created by thus fixinpa maximum for wag^es in certain plapts. Play Waiting Game. The war labor policies board has not fixed any standards, because it waits to approve of the standards now being determined by the one body which speaks for workers and em ployers—the national war labor board. The government cannot fairly fret standards below thbsenipon which the employers and. Workers' representa tives,.^hall agree. Nevertheless, em ployers hove been: notified of this pe culiar enactment, by their lookouts here, with the result that negotiations for the settlement of labor disputes have in some. instances been broken' off by the employers "until we hear from Washington about v.hat we can pay." It is only fair to the head of the war labor policies board, Felix Frank furter, to say that he did not ask Sen ator Underwood to slip this joker into the bill and get it passed by congress. Frankfurter has no desire to attempt maximum wage legislation when the cost of living is steadily going higher. BRITISH LABOR'S BACKING OF WAR IS SHOWN BY VOTE ENDORSING CLYNES By CHARLES EDWARD RUSSELL. 1 V. S. War Labor Board Denies Wild Reports Abovt Wage Changes The national war labor board has contradicted reports circu lated among workers in war in dustries, particularly in the east, that the war labor policies board had made it impossible to change wage rates or working conditions pending standardization of pay and conditions by that body. The war labor policies board has notified representatives of Bridgeport, Conn., workers that it is in accord with the general prin ciples and policies adopted by the national war labor board which have been approved by President Wilson. In a statement issued by the national war labor board it-is stated that this announcement commits the war labor policies to the following principles now well understood throughout industry: The right of workers to organ ize and bargain collectively. Equal poy for equal work. Recognition of the basic eight-~ hour day. Maintenance of the ma^imnm of production. Due regard fot the labor stand ards, wage scales and other con ditions in particular localities in fixing wages, hours and condi tions of labor. The right of all workers to a living wage and insuring the sub sistence of each worker and his family in health and reasonable comfort. SHIP OWNERS STRANGLE BEST IN SEAMEN'S ACT SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 1.—The Seamen's Journal says that if our courts continue strangling the bene ficent features 6f the seamen's act, the American ship owner will find: himself up against fiie old disadvan tageous conditions which confronted him before the war and American seamen will again desert a calling which seeks to drive them to the level of a Chinese coolie. "Let the seamen's act be Understood and enforced and there will be no difference in the wages of seamen and there will be no desertions except of a few individuals, who for some rea son can not get along in that par ticular vessel, while they can get aFong in any other vessel. The Amer ican man and the American dollar will both come to the sea and the great merchant fleet now being launched, will remain under the Stars and Stripes." it was evident that there was no widespread desire that labor ministers should resign. The fact is that the Labor Party Executive desired a free hand to conduct political pro paganda for their reconstruction program and for the general parliamentary election, which is likely to be held within the next six months, and had no wish to disrupt the present government. The real feeling of the conference toward labor ministers was shown by the election of J. R. Clynes to the Labor Party Executive committee, receiving 2,139,000 votes, 400,000 more than the next highest candidate. The new Executive committee was held to be somewhat more pacifist in complexion than the one preceding it, but this is hardly borne out by its attitude toward the promotion of Clynes to the position of Pood Controller owing to the death of Lord Rhondda, The committee passed a hearty vote of congratulation to their colleague on this eleva tion and declared that if he was fought in his constituency at the election made necessary by his acceptance of this higher post, a Labor Party organization would be placed at his service without reserve. This action is all the more striking when it is considered that Clynes is an out and out supporter of no peace until victory is assured. Clynes' election to /the position of Food Controller, the most important domestic min isterial position in Great Britain, not, only strengthens the labor influence in the coalition government, but tends to decrease the in fluence of a small but very vocal pacifist section in the labor movement. aw? tr -.ip »c#r Ae Great Mass of Workers in Entire Agreement With President Wilson. (Special Cable, to The Labor World) LONDON, Aug. 1.—The following is the substance of a message to the American people that has been issued by Rt. Hon.. George N. Barnes, M. P., Labor representative in the war cabi net: "Although there has been no speci fic declaration by any prominent labor leader on the subject of the Prime Minister's address to the American troops on July 6, there can be no doubt that his endorsement of the war aims as laid down by President Wil son has met with general approval throughout labor ranks in Great Bri tain. Words Are Welcome. "The principal journals, both of London and of the provincial press, have stated that they welcome the emphatic words in which the Prime Minister declared that the Kaiser might have peace tomorrow if he would but accept President Wilson's "formula for the future government of the world. "It is generally felt that if the Al lied statesmen could make as clear to the German people as President Wilson has made it throughout the war, and as Mr. Churchill did in such striking language on Independence Day, that Germany's existence as an organized state'would be as safe in the hands of a league of nations as the existence, of Great Britain and the .United States, the war might be shortened by months if not by years. "Even the m#st extreme pacifist press has nothing worse to say of the announcement of the Prime Minister than that it was belated, and that had it been made last. year, the oppor tunity of making peace—an oppor tunity which exists wholly in the minds of the peace at any price press' —might not have been lost. Labor Approves Of It. "But it may be said without exag geration that the general mass of the working classes of this country, while there has been ho definite statement to that effect, have tacitly approved the statements of the Prime Minister since the announcement of the war aims by the Prime Minister in Jan uary last, closely followed by the an nouncement of President Wilson. "The subject has been to a large extent regarded as one upon which all reasonable men were agreed. Tf the Central Powers will only state that they are prepared to meet this triple announcement of war aims which are held by the entente coun tries, then at least the end of tl\e war might be said to be clearly in Bight. 5fg£« ^p-'^vf Jy ABLE, PATRIOTIC MAN IS NAMED TO OPPOSE MILLER Nearly 100 Delegates Representing Organizations From Every Section of District Meet At Duluth and Unanimously Agree on Candidate. Organized labor of the Eighth congressional district will in this campaign be represented in the political activities of this part of the country as a result of action taken last Sunday afternoon at the congressional convention held at Owls' hall under the aus pices of the Duluth Federated Trades assembly. At that time W. L. Carss, a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers of Proctor was formally nominated to make the race for congress against the present incumbent, C. B. MiRer. Large Delegation Present. The convention was called to order at 2:30 p.. m. by Joel Lichten, temporary chairman, with 76 accredited delegates in at tendance from all parts of the district. After reading the call, the convention perfected its organization by electing John E. Jensen of the Duluth Painters' union as per manent chairman, and Juls. J. Anderson of the Duluth Typograph ical union, as secretary... Reading of credentials disclosed the fact that 100' delegates were entitled to seats in the convention, of whom 76 answered the roll call. Favor Political Action. A question as to the advisability of taking part in politics at this time was raised by one delegate, whereupon the following res olution was introduced by Samuel Thomas of Proctor, and adopted by the unanimous vote of the convention: "Resolved, That this convention of organized labor is of the opinion that the time has arrived when labor should be represented on all .governing bodies, including the United States senate and house of representatives, state legislature and all local govern ments. "Resolved further, That candidates approve# by labor must be and remain, bonafide members their trade union organiza tions." W^W7^W4- & The Labor World Is endeavoring to render invaluable service to the work ers by keeping them informed as to the vital problems affecting their wel fare/The labor press must be sup ported by the workers—therefore YOU ought to subscribe—$1 a year. TWO CENTS -&> Three Committees Named. With the scope of the convention'^ ^jyork and its attitude clearly defined, *'the meeting, selected the following committee to consider suitable candi dates to be placed in nomination for the office of congressman in the Eighth district: N. A.. Gray, Two Harbors Joel Lichten, Duluth Samuel Thomas, Proctor A. G, Catlin, Duluth E. W. Griffin, Duluth: F. E. Howell, Proc tor Theo. Harris, Duluth Elling Munkebye, Duluth Peter Marandaw, Duluth W. R. Herron, International Falls Robert Sermon, Duluth O. Lockhard, Duluth C. T. Cleveland, Cloquet. The committee on drafting a plat form was constituted as follows: /T. Bogan, Duluth W. T. HiHer, Two Harbors John A. Johnson, Du luth Wm. J. Farmer, Duluth Cha& Vedeen, Eveleth Thos, Kinshella, In ternational Falls WmT MufnianT Du luth A. J. Clou tier, Duluth C. H. Christensen, Hibbing J. J. Anderson, Duluth E. R. Backstrom, Duluth E. F. Langan, Duluth Samuel Thomas, Proctor. To determine on ways and means for financing the campaign, the con vention selected the following,, com-k mittee: E. W. Griffin, Duluth W. F. Mar ceau, Duluth Geo. Glen, Duluth M. J. Phillips, Duluth Ed Adams. Du luth C. A. Peterson, Duluth Richard (Continued on Pagc 3.) Middlemen Speculating in Cloth Spring Up to Join in War Profiteering Game. WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.—The price of men's winter suits is on the gallop toward a mininlum of $50. However, the woolens section of the war in dustries board has its feet braced against the dashboard and: is yelling "whoa" at the top of its lungs. "Profiteering is the only cause for. the flurry," said H. E. Peabody, chair man of the section. "Outsiders have jumped into the market. and are speculating in cloths. If we can elim inate them and keep business in its normal course, there should be little increase in price to the consumer." Sihce there is no provision for crim inal prosecution of the profiteers, the only f.orce that can be used is moral suasion and public oplttion. Where there would be cloth enough, tinder its normal movement from the manu facturer, piece goods brokers have in sinuated themselves as middlemen. They went to the garment manufac turer who had a carload coming from the mills and offered him a fancy price to turn the shipment over to them. And now they're sitting back with the goods in storage, waiting for the 'pinch in the supply that's sure to come if their purchases arci held out of the m&rket jpng--enough- •A 3