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BEST DIPLOMACY FOR THE UNITED STATES IS NO DIPLOMACY AT ALL By SAMUEL MeCREA CAVERT. Secretary, Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. 9 Without exaggeration it may be truly said that 011 the Washington Conference may hang the course of human history for a hundred years to come. It is plain and sober truth that civilization itself is in the balance. Unless the next war can 'be averted now, the ruin which we only barely escaped in the last conflict will stare the world full in the face. In the midst of our high hopes theiv Is a growing anxiety lest the outcome the Conference prove disappoint ing. 1 isquieting remarks arc heard concerning' the impracticability of any ir-reaching results. The culmi n.tiin of this tendency to dampen pupill »r expectations finds expression one of our great newspapers which even dt preeates the earnest efforts ixiim made to arouse an intelligent prblic opinion on the momentous is^ne. In effect it seems to say, "Run along, childish idealists, and do not t'ln'oarrass the practical men whom the governments have appointed to attend to the matter." For the Church, at least, this will never do! Detailed solutions, indeed, be left to statesmen, but insist '.we must, with all the power at our command, that some genuine solution of the problems of international life must now be reached, some Christian substitute found for the method of competitive armament and fratricidal war. To do otherwise would be to fail in bearing witness to the Gospel of our Lord and its n.eaning for our contemporary life. Practical considerations also lead us in the same direction, for the one hope of constructive results from the Conference lies in public sentiment. Certainly no great action is likely to be taken except as the result of an unmistakable demand from the masses of the people. If it be objected that we ought shrewdly to conceal our earnest en thusiasm lest we create an impression on foreign governments that reduc tion of armaments will come in America, whether they take similar action or not, the answer is clear: no such scheming and calculating spirit can furnish an atmosphere in which unselfish and disinterested decisions can possibly be reached. Even if it should result in reduction of arma ment, through fear of what the United States might otherwise do. it could never result in peace, for we would have been placing upon the notes of suspicion, and distrust which havo ^always produced war in the past and %Jways will. The best diplomacy for the United States today is no "diplo macy" at all. Only a great tide of WORKING WOMEN MUST MAKE WAR AGAINST WAR, SAYS MRS. RODBIKS The Second International Congress 1 of Working Women was opened re eently at Geneva1, Switzerland by Mrs. Robins, its president, with an appeal to the women of all nations to use their new political power to make war against waV, against unemploy ment and privation. "We face the chaos and suffering made by man's governments on. the earth," eaid Mrs. Robins. "Every where, except in the remains of the! Central Empires, there is the rilenacc of increasing armaments. Everywhere the springs of fellowship and good will are poisoned by propagandas of and economic inperialism. Every "-There unemployment and consequent hunger and suffering threaten the I homes of the working world. We have been silent, but the hour to sneak is at hand, for this hour of universal sorrow and need is also the hour of supreme opportunity. The time for action is here. "Unemployed, able and willing workers in land rich in raw materials and machinery are a more destruc tive criticism of our officials and soc iety than all the writings and speeches of I he revolutionary agitators of nil time. Governments that can spend 1 I fir ill destructive war must lenrn how to spend millions for construc live peace. N'ot doles for debasing idleness,, but living wages in produc live work. T„ct us say to the gover nors, masters and rulers of all nations, '•We are weary q£ your hagglingS and debates and thories. The earth is rich with the ijieans of life. Eager brains and strong hands there are in plenty in all lands. We demand such use •f the land and labor of the world as will insure us bread and warmth and education and peace. When we are hungry and homeless and Idle, or slaughtering our brothers or killing our sons, let us vote against the gov ernment without regard to party. Let us refuse to be beguiled by party shibboleths or hypnotized by party y^atiers. Together let us demand an security for our homes:" "'Our first task as working women of the world, to which we here stand dedicated, is to make war against war. The first battle in that war is to si.jp increasing armaments. Armaments breed war. Armaments breed arro ganee and fear and feed the propa ganda of hatred between the people of the earth. Armaments tax the work ers engaged in productive toil to make the engines and machinery for slaugh ter of our brothers and ruin of our. homes. The cry of suffering human ity against this monstrous wrong has resulted in the Call for an Internation al Conference on the Limitation of. Armaments that convenes in Wash ington on Armistice Day. "We can .if we will, make Armis-j tice Day this year in every html a.' day of resolution and prayer to U.e" end that this Conference shall *iot adjourn -until some vital step is taken ^^var^' disarmament of the ua -jftjns. If the women of all lands vviil use Armistice Day for kindling the fires of„ sentiment and action against' this crime of increasing armament?,' the Eleventh of November, 1921, will Christian idealism, calling out similar idealism in other peo les. can give the upward turn for which the while world longs. If that idealism be not found in our owt. nation, which planned the Conference, which is its host, which is further removed from the dead handyjf the past, where can we cxpect it to be found at all? And how shall it be found here if it is not found, full and strong and at its height, in the Christian Church? The oft quoted words of General Tasker H. Bliss call us to our knees in penitence o.f the United States. If another war like the last one should come they will be respon sible." Severe as the words sound, they .vill be true unless we bend our utmost energy, now and during months to conu, to mobilize a mighty tide of Ch-lstiam public opinion throughout the land. For the task of securing a rational and pacific method of settling in ternational disputes, in place of thy tailed fist, is not one that can be accomplished by machinery. It is a great spiritual enterprise. The trou ble is, afl bottom, a spiritual trouble: the attitude of fear, of suspicion, of selfishness, which pervades our in ternational .Ife. So the remedy must be a spiritual one-,—the acceptance of an attitude tov ard life not yet generally accepted in our economic, industrial and international affairs. This goes to the very foundation of men's thinking, requiring of us that we regard our own nation not as the final end-in-itself but as a. member of a brotherhood of nations mean* to live in mutual helpfulness under a common Father. More, then, than anything else the world todayneeds faith. Faith in the workableness of the way of brother hood revealed to us in Jesus Christ. P'aith in the vast possibilities of this Conference for securing a thorough going reduction of armament and a constructive' plan for co-operation among the nations of the earth. To call men to such faith surely is the task of the Christian Church. And let us not think for a moment that when November 1 is P-iKt our task is done. It will only be begun For weeks, we must ceaselessly in sist that a great Christian principal is at stake. For weeks, inonths, we must be studying international ques tions in the light of the Christian Gospel. For weeks, months, we must be in earnest prayer for Diviii" Guidance. "He that hath an ear. let him hear what the SpUit will be say ing to the Churches." mark the beginning of the peace of he world. "And at home, each one in her own land, at home our first domestic task is to win the right to our daily bread. Everywhere the curse of unemploy ment shadows the workers' houv s." Urging the women to political ac tion, she called upon them to lace the facts of human history 'and at elections "test the party in power by the facts of our human welfare." "Under all forms of governments and systems of social order humanity has known war and peace. hu:iget and plenty, comfort and suffering. Women are not theorists. We van not feed and clothe and house the children, we cannot keep warm, and clean the house on thories. We are reaLsts. The earth is rich with the means of life. We are eager to work, but we intend to enjoy the fruit of our toil. We refuse t.o be fed any longer on the east wind of partisan doctrines. Either we are employed and fed and housed, or we are idle and hungry and cold. Either we are at peace or we are at war. At oa-h election we intend to test the partv in power by the facts of our human welfare. When we have these simple, understandable benefits, we support the government, when we are deprived of them, we sweep the government out of office. "It- can be done! It can be done! The power of a great faith can le create the mind and will of the peo ple of the earth paralyzed by the after math of the war and set free che spirit of mankind. A great faith held fast by a handful of poor folks, car penters, a'nd fishermen^ menders of nets, and working \von\en, two thou sand years ago, changed the face of the earth in spite of entires end Caesars! A great faith h&d fast by the working women of all nations can redeem the world. It is the hour of decision." SAFETY CONDITIONS IN MINES GETTING BETTER WASHINGTON, Nov. 10.—Accord ing to reports received by the bureau of mines from the various state mine inspectors, 152 men were killed dur ing September in and about the coal mines of the country, as compared with 197 killed in the corresponding month in 1920. The 1921 figures show a decrease of 45 fatalities, or about 23 per cent, from the record of the same month of last year. The average number of lives ljst during September*of each year irom .1913 to 1920 is 189, or a fatality of v3.64 for every 1,000.000 tons of coal mined. TRENTON. N. J. Nov. 10.—Organ ized potters have refused to accept .wage reductions, at the expiration of their contract with pottery manu facturers. SHOE SALE AT THE B'G DULUTH $3.G5 for $11 shoes. $6.05 for $10 shocfl. Had the Christian church in the early centuries lived up to its early beginnings it would have been today to the fore not only as a force urg ing disarmament but av a force pre venting any suggestion of armament in the same way as it does any legal izing or commercializing of vice. There is abundant evidence that centuries of its existence stood steadfast against the bearing of arms. Some historians have maintained with excellent proof that this -fact was the real contributing cause of the many outbursts of persecution the early church faced during that period. The mere fact that those early Christians were not pagans was not the cause of persecutions as some have erroneously believed. This' is evident for the scattered Jews were part and parcel of the warlike Ro man nation that was then Mistress of the civilized world. These Jews— so long as they were free from any seditious move or conspiracy to un molested in the exercise of their wor ship of Jehovah. T.he early Roman persecution was not on purely religious grounds as evidenced by the Jews remaining un molested while they worshipped ac cording to Aloses. It was due to the fact that ChVistians refused to bear arms or sanction war werv treated as those opposing the government, hence their condemnations to death, oftentimes bitterly cruel. The contention of the early Chris tians was that the Messianic reign was one of promise wherein the Old Testament prophets ha 1 declared that swords and spears were to be beaten into plow shares and pruning hooks and men were to "no morj learn war." They claimed that Christ had ordered St. Peter to "Put up thy sword, for tney fhat use the sword shall perish by the sword." As the Roman power grew and the Church turned to meet the popular opinion so it conformed to the mili taristic from .which it has not swerved during some sixteen cen turies. Doubtless there are logical argu ments that can provo the impossibil ity of a world free from armaments, and so justify the support the church has given to the bearing of arms. Whatever may be said down cither line of argument, the fact confronts us today that the world has seen its folly and practically unbearable bur den it is carrying in its gigantic ar maments. What it might have done by following precept it now seeks to do as the result of centuries of bitter experience—each century succeed ing the other with increasing horror. Now comes the call from this great government for the big nations to gather and consider what can be done. While we have expressed our unbelief elsewhere on this front page I we are going to do our bit to get a result other than that we fear we will get. The American labor movement is putting forth its effort all over the United States to create the proper sentiment towards this end. Xor is this all we have done. President Gompers has cabled the labor leaders of every country urging they take similar action. From England Pres ident Gompers has received an offi cial cory of the disarmament reso lution adopted by the British Trade Union Congress, representing 6,500, 000 organized workers, at the recent annual convention at Cardiff. The resolution was transmitted in a letter from C. W. Bowerman, secretary of the Congress Parliamentary Commit tee. and reads: This congress learns with satisfac tion that the President of the United States is calling an international con ference to discuss the question of the disarmament of nations, with which policy it is fully in accord. In the opinion of this congress, however, such a conference will pot be satisfactory unless labor is ade quately represented thereon, and un derstanding that Great Britain .will take part in such conference this con gress claims the right to appoint rep resentatives of organized labor to at- I tend the conference, seeing that the subject to be discussed is a matter I vitally affecting the interests of tha workers In all nations. The congress further protests against the recent decision of the British government to carry out an extensive program of armaments'! which is contrary to the spirit and policy of disarmament and peace, as advocated repeatedly by members of the government themselves. The congress further asks for the suspension of all preparations for war at least until the disarmament conference has finished its work. As we pointed out in our issue last week the fact that big business has found immense profit in war—so we again express, ourselves. The sordid love of gold may overcome the genu ine sense of the cause of good. To this end resolutions calling upon this and the other governments to elimi nate the private manufacture of mu nitions and arms of war were adopted at the convention in Washington last week of District 44, International SATURDAY- -THE LABOR WQBLD -NOVEMBER 12,1921. CHURCH AND LABORPOOL FORCES TO WORK AGAINST ANY MORE WAR Association of Machinists, compris ing all machinists employed by the United States government in navy yards, and arsenals, as follows: Resolved, That the question of ar maments must be decommercialized by making the manufacture thereof purely a governmental function in institutions owned and operated by the government, to ever make it pos sible to have either limited or total disarmament and be it finally Resolved, That in presenting to the President of the United States, and through him to the representatives of this country in the forthcoming con ference, a copy of this resolution, we respectfully ahd 'earnestly petition them to havei incorporated as a fundamental principle the afore mentioned idea, to doubly insure peace and comity among the nations of the world. In the meanwhile and waiting for Armistice Day to come, labor unions and those possessing the high sense of world peace ahd international Jus tice will pursue their course of mak ing the conference at Washington the success we all earnestly pray it will be. DAYS OF BATTLE SHIPSJRE OVER Airplane Bombs Can Destroy Any Water Graft That Was Ever Built. BALTIMORE, Nov. 10.—No battle ship afloat, nor any which can be built, can remain afloat under an ^ir plane attack, said General Amos A. Fries, chief of the chemical warfare service. The army officer declared that air plane bombs can be made-within the next year which will sink any ship which can be built within the next 10 years, and that no ship, whether it has two or half a dozen bottoms, can be built to withstand such charges of high explosives. "One problem is settled: Any ship can be sunk with air plane bombs. This fact alters our coast defense problem and probably will mean that an atteking enemy fleet will be met 200 miles at sea and be kept in a blanket fog of gas and peppered with high explosives. "Gas will be used in practicably all bombs and shells, whether air plane, coast artillery, naval gun or land artillery." SEASONAL IDLENESS CAN BE STOPPED, SAYS EXPERT HARRISBURK, Pa., Nov. 10.—Sea sonal unemployment, oive of the most serious forms of industrial wastes, can be overcome to a considerable e::tent, in the opinion of L. W. Wal lace. secretary of the federated American engineering societies, in a speech in this city. The fact that it can be met has been demonstrat ed in a number of industries, par ticularly calendar printing, electric fan motor manufacture and the like. He urged spccial attention to study of opportunities for stablizing in dustry. SHOE SALE AT THE BIG DULUTH $8.65 for $14 shoes. $6.C5 for $10 shoes. Illlllllilllllilll^^lllllllllllllllllll WE DELIVER EDISON Mazda Lamps IN LOTS OP SIX OR MORE TO NY PART OF THE CITY Call b«lrae9li. For Twenty Years we have Issued this Union Stamp for ase nnder ear Voluntary Arbitration Contract 6 OUR STAMP INSURES: Peaceful Collective Eargaininn Forbids Both Strikes and Lockouts Disputes Settled by'Arbitration Steady Employment and Skilled Work manship Prompt Deliveries to Dealers aad Public Peace and Succcss to Workers and Em ployers. Prosperity of Shoe Making Communities At loyal union men and women, we ask you to demand shoes bearing the above Union Stamp on Sole, Insole or Linta*. Boot and Shoe Workers' Union 245 SUMMER ST RLE T, BOSTOK,~JIASS. Colli* Lovely, General President. Charley L. Balne, dfeneral Secretary-Treasurer. .1 Sfrsi MAKES PLEA FOR SIMPLELIBERTY Alex. Howatt, Kansas Goal Mine Leader, Puts "Old Wine in New Bottles." When Alexander Howatt, the Kan sas mine leader, was called before the bar and a'sked if he had anything: to say before sentence would be pro nounced for violation of the Kansas anti-strike law,^ upon which he was convicted, he said:— "We did not believe a law could be passed in Kansas making it a crime for a few men to strike to make a greedy corporation pay money it owed a poor boy with a widowed mother and' several brothers and sisters whom he supported. "During the World War we honored the young men who shed their blood for liberty, justice and democracy on the fields, of France. We believe that those who are fighting for justice for the workers in this country" now are entitled to just as much honor, "We do not feel that we have com mitted any crime. I hope that the time will never come when it will be a crime to force a corporation to pay a boy money it has owed him for a year and a half. The strike was .called as a last resort, hot to curtail production of coal, for it did not, but to force payment of money that the operators had a year and a half be fore admitted that they owed this boy. "We feel that this law, as inter preted by this court, is nothing short of an outrage and a disgrace to Kan sas. It is for the purpose of destroy ing organized labor. If it succeeds in a violation of the provision of the United States Constitution that there shall be no involuntary servitude, "A few months ago we were sen tenced to a year in jail by another court for. this same strike. I had al was been told that is was contrary to the Constitution to punish a man twice for the same offense. I don't know where the end will be. Per haps the next legislature will arrange it so a man can be punished three or four times for the same offense. "We do not think we were*commit ting a crime. We thought we were doing our duty, doing what was right Regardless of the consequences, we will keep on fighting until the law is wiped off the statute books. We are fighting for justice and the prin ciples of justice. "We are not asking you for any pity, leniency and sympathy. All we desire is justice. "We believe at first we could get justice. As the trial progressed we saw the. court was prejudiced. The court refused to let union men sit on the jury. We haven't received justice in this court. "They may and probably will put me in prison, but I'd rather be put in jail than stay out by surrendering my principles." Howat said that he, did not intend to say anything to offend the court and if he had said anything: that sounded so it was because he was not a lawyer. "We1re ready for, sentence," he con cluded. The judge then asked Dorchy if he had anything to say. Automobiles are being with palm oil in Africa. operated LUMBER At Prices That Are Right MILLWORK OF ALL KINDS. NU-TILE Asphalt Shingles Carried in Stock Send us your list for an estimate. Baxter Sash and Door Co. Duluth, Minn. Melrose 1860 WMIN6 WOMEN GETTING SICK OF "WAGES BY LAW" SEATTLE, Nov. 10.—Cheap wage employers in this state approve the theory of setting wages by law, a» against the trade union theory. A commission appointed by Gov nor Hart stipulates that the mini mum wage for factroy workers shall be $i'2 a week. The board bases tbis action on its discovery that it costs a minimum of $11.85 at week for a single women to maintain herself. This leaves the women 15 cents a week, or $7.80 a year to meet un employment, sickness, etc. A pessimist is li' a blind man in a dark room, looking for a black hat' which is not there. Say It By Telephone When compelled to be absent from a wedding, graduation or other happy *ffair, there is no letter or other message that can equal the sound of your voice. Extend your compliments by 'Long Distance r~.! •FREITCH BASSETT CO. TP IDEAL HEATING SYSTEM THE JEWEL PIPELESS FURNACE OH ESTABLISHED 1884. Costs less to operate and produces a greater volume of heat, considering the fuel consumed, than any other heating system. Heats every room in the house into which warm air can enter and is installed without wall-cutting, plaster removing, trouble or muss. EASY TERMS AVAILABLE TO ALL. won ZENITH COAL rrvRNiTtmr FIRST STREET AHD THIRD AVE. WEST. DEATH BY INFECTION BRINGS $3,561 AWARE ——_ PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 10.—Deatl of a workman resulting from an in fection when he wiped his face wit! a rag containing disease germs at th« place of his employment entitleg hit dependents to compensation under the state law, rules Referee C. W. Bos ler, who awarded the employe's widow $3,561. The employe worked at the Bald* win locomotive works. After paint in? an engine he removed paint from his face with rag. It was shown that the rag saturated with gasoline, had been used to clean parts of copper valves. 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