The potters herald. [volume], March 06, 1941, Image 5

About The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982

Image provided by: Ohio History Connection, Columbus, OH

                
*Thur*day, March 6, 1041
Home Education
"The Cliild'H First School la the
Fa rnily"—F rovbcl
Issued by the National Kinder
garten Association, 8 West 40th
Street, New York City. These arti
cles are appearing weekly in our
columns.
HIGH BOOKS AND
LOW BOOKS
MRS. FLORENCE MILNER
"Daddy, is that a low book or a high
book?" Six-year-old Caroline was
peering at a small handsomely bound
volume on the table, but she did not
reach out her hand toward it.
"That's a high book, Caroline. If
you'll bring it to me I'll show you
why."
Caroline lifted the book carefully as
though it were a very precious pack
age and carreid it to her father, four
year-old Susan following.
"See what a nice dress it has on!"
said her father, holding it up so that
both children could see it easily.
Opening the book and turning the
leaves, he added, "You see it has no
pictures, but the lovely print tells
stories for Mother and me, but you
wouldn't like them now as much as
you do 'Snow White' and 'Cinderella'
and 'The Three Bears.' Some day when
most of your books are high books you
will enjoy this one very much."
He then called their attention to
the illuminated initials and to the wide
margins and even remarked that the
print, while not so large as in their
own books, was just as clear. He did
not talk down to them, but did keep
naturally within the range of their
understanding of a beautiful book.
Aunt Lucy, who was making her
first visit to them since Susan was a
baby, looked on with puzzled interest.
When the book was safely back on the
table, she asked, "What did Caroline
mean by 'high book' and 'low book'?"
"We are trying to help the children
to gain a real appreciation of books
and to know how to treat them," her
brother answered. "Come into the
book room."
In the library he pointed to the
two lower shelves in one of the open
bookcases and explained, "The lowest
shelf belongs to Susan and the one
above it, to Caroline. They keep their
own books there and Mary and I oc
casionall.v slip in a new and inter
esting one as a surprise. Each child
understands that anything on her own
shelf is hers to use freely—and they
lend to each other—but the books on
the* higher shelves belong to the
grownups. The terms 'high book
and Mow book' are the children's own
.and, in their minds, based on this di
vision. They respect the high books
as belonging to their mother and me
and take them only with permission
Any book about the house they are
expected to leave alone until they
know whether it is a high book or
a low book."
"And don't they ever touch your
books?" Aunt Lucy knew a lot about
children.
"Well," said Father with a smile
"the children are not always absolute
ly perfect, and sometimes temptation
is too much for them. They know that
Mary and I will show them any of
the high books they may wish to see
and that helps a lot. At intervals we
put a particularly attractive child
ren's book among our own, a book
well-printed and illustrated by a real
artist. This we show them, letting
Caroline have it alone for a short
period, but it is to be returned to
our shelves. When, however, she has
proved herself capable of understand
ing its value, she is allowed to trans
fer the book to her own shelf. We do
the same with Susan, but with less
expensive books."
"Well, that's an idea!" said Aunt
l.ivy as she took the illustrated copy
of "The Three Bears" from Susan's
shelfr "Even Susan's books, I see
are iwt torn and scribbled over."
"We are trying to teach a proper
respect .for a book, to arouse a desire
for the books on shelves higher up
and to gi^e them some sense of mine
and thine. Jt takes time and thought
and patience, but we hope it will pay
in the end."
"I'm sure it will." Aunt Lucy put
"The Three Bears" back on Susan's
shelf and thought of a certain ragged
and soiled childrens book in another
home where she had recently visited
Rctmspeck Asks Pensions
For More U. S. Employes
Was&ington, D. C.—A bill which
would bianket under the Civil Service
Retirement Act all employes under
the executive, judicial and legislative
branches of the Government not al
ready covered by some other retire
ment system was introduced by Chair
man Ramspeck of the House of Rep
resentatives Civil Service Committee
Each person covered by the legis
lation would he obliged to contribute
an increase of from 3l'a per cent to
5 per cent of his salary. The Presi
dent wuuld have the authority to ex
elude froin the operation of the pro
posed law any officer or employe or
group whose tenure of office or em
ployment is intermittent or of uncer
tain duration.
All persons covered by the proposed
amendments in the new Ramspeck
bill would have the right to retire at
the age of 60 after 30 years of serv
ice. Retirement at the age of 70 would
be mandatory, except in cases of em
ptyyei in the legislative branch.
A.F. L. Will Fight
Anti-Trust Suits
Executive Council Promises
Resistance In Reply
To Arnold
Miami, Pla.—The Executive Coun
cil of the American Federation of
,abor will continue to resist, with
all the power and service at its com
mand, the Department of Justice's
'perversion of the anti-trust laws" by
seeking to apply them to organized
labor. This uncompromising position
was made clear by the A. F. of L.
Executive Council in a rpply to As
sistant Attorney General Thurman
Arnold, who recently made charges of
'labor abuses" before the Temporary
National Economic Committee and the
House of Representatives Judiciary
Committee.
The Executive Council's statement,
forwarded to the TNEC by William
Green, president of the A. F. of L.,
said its analysis of Mr. Arnold's tes
timony indicated the Assistant Attor
ney General had been disappointed in
the Supreme Court's decision throw
ing out the indictment in the anti
trust case which he initiated against
President William L. Hutcheson and
other officers of the United Brother
hood of Carpenters and Joiners.
The Council began its reply by con
demning Mr. Arnold's testimony as
"subtle propaganda based on distor
tion of fact and law which was 'un
founded' and aimed at the destruction
of free labor unions in their lawful
pursuits."
The reply took up Mr. Arnold's
alleged statements that, as a result
of the power conferred on the unions
arising from the Supreme Court de
cision in the recent carpenters case,
the labor organizations were inevit
ably moving toward a labor "dictator
ship."
Explaining the Council's position,
Mr. Green said that the charge by
Mr. Arnold assumed what could not
be proved, that every union which en
gaged in a jurisdictional dispute "is
prepared to make ruthless use of its
economic power."
Mr. Arnold's thesis, it was asserted,
meant that there must not be a strong,
large union to protect workers despite
the desire of many workers for such
an organization.
Continuing to read excerpts from
the document, Mr. Green said that the
Council's opinion was that the De
partment of Justice's anti-trust di
vision "did not intend to be restricted
by the Supreme Court" but that it in
tended "to go on prosecuting labor
although the Supreme Court rejected
the grounds on which its prosecution
was initiated."
Quoting what purported to be Mr,
Arnold's testimony, Mr. Green as
serted that the attorney had main
tained that an agreement between
employers and employes to employ
more men than are needed would be
a conspiracy in restraint of trade and
that a union would be criminally
liable if it negotiated such a contract
Mr. Green called attention to
statement attributed to Mr. Arnold
purporting to acknowledge that he
would not recommend legislation on
labor matters because other govern
ment departments were primarily in
volved in labor policy.
The Council, in its letter to the
TNEC, said that it was "unfortu
nate" that Mr. Arnold had not solic
ited the advice of the other govern
ment departments before he launched
his unprecedented campaign.
The letter added:
"Congress, which makes our labor
policy as well as other policies, ex
pressly approved the right of labor
to pursue by peaceful means its self
interest as late as 10.35, when, in Sec
tion 7 of the Wagner act, it stated
that employes shall have the right to
engage in concerted activities for mu
tual aid or protection.
"This, in our opinion, Mr. Arnold
not only seeks to deny but declares
it a crime. The A. F. of L. will con
tinue to resist this perversion of the
anti-trust laws of the anti-trust di
vision of the Department of Justice
with all its power and the resources
at its command."
Meaney Is Appointed
To Planning Boarc
Washington, D. C.—Harry L. Hop
kins, former Secretary of Commerce
and President Roosevelt's recent per
sonal emmissary to Great Britain
was appointed a member of the Of
fice of Production Management's Pro
duction Planning Board. The eight
other members of the board, which
will be under the direction of Pro
duction Chief John D. Biggers, in
eluded representatives of- the Navy,
the Army, organized labor and in
dustry.
George Meany, secretary-treasurer
of the American Federation of Labor
was included in the labor section of
the committee.
The O. P. M. said the board wi!
advise Biggers on "industrial plan
ning during the emergency and post
emergency readjustments."
"This board has been established in
recognition of the importance of both
short and long term planning of the
defense effort and its effect on the
national economy as a whole," Big
gers said.
"It should provide valuable assist
ance in the task of distributing the
defense load so that the quickest pos
sible results can be obtained with the
least possible dislocation now or
later—or the nation's economic life."
Already, according to Mr. Green,
a great many" Ford employes had
signed applications to join affiliates
of the A. F. of L. Charters had been
issued for formations of such unions
at the River Rouge plant in Dear
born, the Lincoln plant in Detroit,
and the Kansas City plant, he said.
The Ford drive, he stated, was one
of the largest ever undertaken by the
Federation.
In telling about the A. F. of L.'s or
ganization campaign in the Ford Mo
tor Company's factories, Mr. Green
said that it's drive was being carried
on with the cooperation of workers
inside the plants. The employes, he
said, were being formed into Federal
labor unions.
The American Federation of La
bor, Mr. Green declared, would not
conduct the type of "loud campaign,
with the denunciation and discrimina
tion carried on by the C. I. O."
A campaign such as the C. I. O.'s,
he said, meant creating a breach
among the workers and between the
workers and the Ford management.
Describing the origin of the Ford
campaign, Mr. Green said that last
month committees of Ford employes
from the River Rogue, Lincoln and
Kansas City plants visited him in
Washington and requested charters
Their numbers were insufficient, and
a charter was refused at that time
However, he said, they returned early
this month with additional names, so
charters were issued.
In the issuance of Federal charters
to these employes, Mr. Green said,
agreement was with the A. F. I
which had jurisdiction over the or
ganizing of auto workers. He em
phasized that in reaching this "per
fect agreement" there had been no
conflict between the Federation and
the United Automobile Workers of
America, A. F. L. affiliate.
Since the organization movement
began, he asserted "a very large nuin
ber of Ford employes" had signed
union membership cards.
"And we believe before long that
the majority of the employes in these
plants will become members of these
Federal locals," he added.
"In my judgment it is only a ques
tion of time until the A. F. L. will
be established in the Ford plants and
we will then call on the company to
recognize our organization as the col
lective bargaining spokesman for the
workers. It is our hope that the com
pany will do so, as the facts will be
overwhelming. Then collective bar
gaining will be inaugurated for the
first time by the company."
Mr. Green made it clear that craft
union members in the skilled trades,
such as pattern makers, building
trades workers, machinists and others,
would not be enrolled in the new Fed
eral locals. They would be assigned
to their own craft organizations, he
added.
SMALL CROWD
"I understand," said a young
woman to another, "that at your
church you are having such small
congregations. Is that so?"
"Yes," answered the other girl, "so
small that every time the rector says
'Dearly Beloved' you feel as if you
had received a proposal."
THE POTTERS HEKALb
DRAMATIC COURTROOM TR»AH'M E Snow Storm BIov/s
So Good For L. U. 36
Tom Conway, Laraine Day and Robert Young as they in "The
Trial of Mary Dugan," opening Sunday on the Ceramic screen, btory of a
girl with a shady past accused of murdering her employer, the new pro
duction is hailed as the most breathtaking courtroom drama to reach the
screen in years. Frieda Inescort, John Litel and Marsha Hunt are others in
the cast, directed by Norman Z. McLeod.
A. F. L. Chartering
Ford Plant Unions
Big Succoss In Drive Now
In Progress Visioned
By President
Miami, Fla.—Henry Ford "must ul
timately bow to the inevitable" and
sign collective bargaining agreements
with labor unions. This militant state
ment was made here by William
Green, president of the American
Federation of Labor, with the predic
tion that probably within six months
most of the 100,CC0 employes of the
Ford Motor Company would be mem
bers of A. F. of L. unions.
Labor Federation
Opposes Seaway
Executive Coimcil Declares
Canada Benefits While
U. S. Pays Bill
Miami, Fla.—Before adjourning its
midwinter session here, the Executive
Council of the American Federation
of Labor adopted a motion opposing
the St. Lawrence seaway project
and authorized George M. Harrison
and Matthew Woll, vice presidents
and George Meany, secretary-treas
urer, to draft a statement to be sent
to members of Congress.
Mr. Harrison, chairman of the com
mittee, said that the recent A.
L. convention authorized the Execu
tive Council to investigate the St
Lawrence waterway project. The re
suit was that the Council, with one
dissenting vote, decided to oppose the
project for these reasons:
There is no .economic justification
for the project."
The major benefits from the project
would accrue to Canada while the
greater part of the expense would be
assumed by the United States.
The project would not benefit agri
cultural groups because their export
able surplus of products leaves the
farmers' fields and is sold to others
before the products are exported
Whatever benefits might accrue from
water transportation would go
speculators and brokers.
The project cannot be sel 'i.-.ai:]
ing and will require additional expen
ditures of public funds, which would
mean further burdens on taxpayers
Senate Unit Considers
Suffrage For D. of
Washington, 1. C.—Senator McCar
ran, chairman of a special sub-eom
mittre to handle the resolution intro
duced jointly by Senator Capper and
Representative Summers for a pro
posed constitutional amendment ex
tending suffrage to the District of
Columbia, promised full and complete
hearings on this long-Stan*
i
con
troversial question.
Since 1874 the laws for the go\ern
ment of the nation's capital have been
passed by Congress sitting as a sort
of municipal council. The laws are
administered by three commissioners
appointed by the President. No one
in the District of Columbia has a vote
or any effective voice in determinin
the laws enacted for the District or
the selection of the officials to admin
ister them.
e a e r- S u n e s e s o u i o n
does not in itself extend the vote to
the District of Columbia, but would
amend the Federal Constitution
vest in Congress the power to dea
with the question. Under the amend
ment Congress could give the District
representation in both Houses of Con
gress and in the electoral college an
could also delegate to the local mu
nicipal government such additional
powers as it deemed appropriate.
PAUL HAD A STENOG
According to an Associated Press
story the Apostle Paul had a stenog
rapher who took down his letters in
a form of shorthand. This view was
declared by a student, Henry O. Lloyd,
in a thesis read at the University of
Ch'cago. He arrived at this con
clusion through study of a contract
of 155 A. D., in which a former mag
istrate of Oxyrhynchus apprenticed
his slave to a shorthand writer. The
principle of abbreviations used was
not clear, which has complicated the
work of modern translators very
much.
"Errors that accompany dictation
may be the attributing cause for many
seeming inconsistencies in the New
Testament," he pointed out.
Eastern Local Postpones a
Spccial Meeting When
Storm Hits
1' toy, N. 3.—Local
No. 9G held its regular meeting Febru
ary 2H, but the attendance was small
due to the severe snow storm that
was in progress. This was to be an
important meeting and Brother James
Solon was present to help straighten
out a condition that now exists at the
Fords Porcelain Works, but due to the
ability of the members to attend,
i was decided to hold a special meet
ng Monday of this week.
It is gratifying to read in the Her
ild about the increase the general
are will receive April 1. It is equal
y pleasing to read that these settle
ments were reached with the manu
facturers. Since it is a human ar
rangement, it may be that this way
doing business has its faults, but
•"e believe that most sanitary workers
are envious of this setup and hope at
some future time our wage questions
and conditions will be settled accord
ingly.
Some
1
-f the ,i th- l-'-rds
Porcelain Works have received their
luestionr.aires for the selective ser
ice, but to date none have had to
leave to serve with the U. S. army
However, there is some talk that our
recording secretary, Paul Jankovich
will be called shortly. Although we
don't like to see Brother Paul leave
us, we are sure that he'll make
good soldier for we know he is a good
workman.—O. C.
Minimum Wage Fixed
For Carpet Industry
Approval of the recommendations
for minimum wages in the carpet and
rug industry made by the committee
which investigated the subject was
announced by General Philip B. Flem
ing, Administrator of the Wage and
Hour Division, United States Depart
ment of Labor.
The committee recommended that
those workers employed in the "wool
section" of the industry be paid not
less than 40 cents an hour and the
workers employed in the "other than
wool section" be paid not less than
35 cents an hour. A^ wage order
establishing these minimum wage
rates will be issued to be effective
March 17.
It is estimated that there are 31,
000 workers employed in the carpet
and rug industry, of which numbe
1,1C0 arc now receiving less than the
minimum wage contained in the com
mittee recommendations.
POOR DADDii
One day
Mary came to her
with a very serious look on her face,
"Mummy," she said, "heaven sends
our daily bread, doesn't it?"
"Yes, dear," I replied.
"And Santa Claus br:i y
ents?'
"Yes, deal
"And nurso our La:
"Then what's daddy here fi
demanded.
H'rjher 7axes Ear
Defense Seen Best
Blow
To
Take
For
-i'.p
Inflation
Public Affairs Committee
Studies Problem From
All Angles
New York City (ILNS).—Financing
the defense program by taxation will
leave the fewest headaches for future
years and provide the best way of
keeping consumers' expenditures in
ine with our productive capacities.
This is the primary conclusion of a
study of defense financing, How Shall
We Pay for Defense?, prepared by
Maxwell S. Stewart, published by the
Public Affairs Committee, 30 Rocke
feller Plaza, New York.
Increased government expenditure:
resulting from the defense program
put added buying power in the
pockets of the population without per
mitting a corresponding increase in
the output of everyday goods, the
study asserts. Under the circum
stances, it is asserted, prices are
bound to rise unless the government
adopts some measures to reabsorb the
additional buying power.
Easiest Way Dangerous
The two easiest ways of
defense—borrowing or inflation—are
filled with dangers, Stewart says.
Borrowing from individuals may
not seem dangerous but if not enough
money can be obtained by this method,
the temptation will arise to create
new money by borrowing from banks.
Governments are tempted to create
money, he adds, because the public is
lulled into a false feeling of pros
perity by rising wages, salaries, and
profits. But unless the new money is
balanced by additional food, clothing
and other essentials, inflation is cer
tain to arise. And inflation is "the
least satisfactory and most dangerous
way of paying for defense. ... It i?
really a concealed form of taxation
which falls most heavily on those
least able to bear the burden."
Three Possibilities Listed
An increase in taxes sufficient
put defense on a pay-as-you-go bash
the introduction of rationing.
system of deferred wages arc
as the only means of offsetting the
added buying power resulting from
the arms program and keeping the
nation's energies centered on defense
After surveying each of these pos
sibilities, the study concedes that the
issue as to which of these ways will
be used to finance defense has politi
cal as well as economic aspects.
"But," it adds, "in time of crisi
we dare not, as a country, allow po
litical considerations to dominate our
fiscal policy. It must be assumed that
everyone is prepared to make major
sacrifices for the security of the coun
try. And it is obvious that such sac
rifices must be made in relation to
each individual's capacity to pay and
that they should not be made at the
expense of the health and efficiency of
the nation's workers or their chil
SOMEWHAT PERSONA I.
Nick: "If you stood in my
y.hat would you do?"
she
Gill: "I'd give them a
start with."
vV
a hi
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low's" carelessness.
VALLEY MOTOR TRANSIT CO. has a proud
record of safety. Sturdily built and manned
by expert and careful operators, Valley Motor
Buses can be relied upon to get you there safe
ly as well as comfortably.
Economy, Too-*~Acquire the Bus Habit!
mm.
PAGE JIVE
Knudsen Opposes
Strike Curb Law
'Unnecessary For Defense/'
He Says "Cooling-OA
Period" Urged
gton, D. C.—The importance
of strikes in the national d'-fense pro
gram was minimized by William S.
Knudsen, Director of the Office of
Production Management, in a state
ment before the House Judiciary Com
mittee. He declared that no legisla
tion was needed to deal with indus
trial disputes in defense industries
and positively advised against anti
strike laws.
Mr. Knudsen told the committee he
did not consider the strike situation
in defense industries serious and ex
pressed the belief that industrial
trife would gradually decline as the
defense plan progressed and as "man
agement decides to accept the laws
on the statute books."
With regard to sabotage, he said
it was "not much of a problem," and
expressed his belief that the Depart
ment of Justice has all the law and
staff necessary to handle all subver
sive activities.
Although convinced that "a cool
ing-off period" should precede the
calling of strikes, Mr. Knudsen held
this provision should be contained in
an agreement between the union and
the employer rather than in statute
law.
"If a strike has been building up
over a long period," he added, "no
body is going to cool off very much."
Describing the defense delays
caused by strikes as "not important,"
Mr. Knudsen said that the defense
program, by and large, has been "very
little hampered" by lack of coopera
tion either from capital or labor.
"Production is building up stead
ily," he added, "but necessarily I am
not satisfied and don't expect to be.
But I have no complaints."
UNION AND MANAGEMENT
COOPERATION DISCUSSED
Miami, Fla.—A resolution on the
extension of cooperation between la
bor unions and management intro
duced at the 1040 convention of the
American Federation of Labor was
discussed by the A. F. of L. Execu
tive Council at its mid-winter meet
ing here. The resolution, sponsored
by several unions active in the rail
way industry, directed Mr. Green to
create a committee "to plan for a
service agency to counsel union man
agement undertakings."
The resolution was not adopted by
the convention but was referred to
the Executive Council, which directed
the Federation officers to confer with
those interested in furthering cooper
ation between unions and manage
ment. The officers were requested to
obtain all information possible and to
report at the spring meeting of the
Council in Washington.
In connection with this resolution,
Mr. Green explained that a union
management cooperation plan on the
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad had been
furthered by the railway unions, un
der direction of Otto S. Beyer, an
engineer, now a member of the Na
tional Mediation Board.
VALLEY
O O
U S E S