The Wilmington morning star. [volume], June 05, 1943, FINAL EDITION, Image 1

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XQL. <(i— N^‘ 22i_______WILMINGTON, N. C., SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 1943 _FINAL EDITION ESTABLISHED 1867,
ARGENTINE REGIME
OVERTHROWN AFTER
LIGHTNING REVOLT
_ -----
CASTILLO OUSTED
Pro-Axis President Flees
After Military Leaders
Sieze Control
people are jubilant
Instigators Of Coup d’Etat
Greeted By Cheering
Populace
BUENOS AIRES, June 4.
_ (/p) — Argentine troops
led on the march by pro-Al
lied Gen. Arturo Rawson re
volted against the isolation
ist regime of President Cas
tillo today and swiftly set up
a povisional military govern
ment in a relatively bloodless
coup. , . , .
Castillo and most ot his
cabinet fled aboard the gun
boat Drummond which steam
ed up the Rio de la Plata at
datvn to anchor at a naval
base. From there Castillo be
gan issuing proclamations de
fying the insurgents.
President in Uruguay
(Montevideo dispatches said to
night that Castillo and his min
isters had arrived at Colona, Uru
guayan port across the wide Rio
de la Plata estuary from Buenos
Aires. Strong police forces were
thrown about the area where his
ship docked.
(General Rawson was reported
to have been made leader of the
military government, and martial
law was declared in Argentina).
General Rawson and Gen. Pedro
Ramirez, Castillo’s minister of war
who broke with the conservative
president, were the apparent lead
ers of the revolt, and they were
greeted by popular demonstrations
and cries of “viva la democracia’’
upon entering the capital with 7,
000 troops.
But it still was not clear who
was the dominant figure in the
uprising against the Castillo gov
ernment whch had been the only
one in all America to maintain
relations with Germany, Italy, and
i Japan.
General Rawson appeared to
night on the balcony of Govern
ment House and was greeted by
I crowds cheering him as “head of
the victorious revolution.”
•in earlier report said Rawson
was minister of war under a new
military council headed by Rami
rez. The council was said to in
clude Gen. Juan Giovanelli and a
naval officer not immediately iden
tified.
Nor were the reasons for the re
volt immediately apparent, al
though Rawson issued a procla
mation which said:
"This movement is only aimed
to guarantee the safety of the peo
ple and our nation without any
political leaning.”
Rawson told the crowd beneath
Government House balcony that
the movement had the support of
the national navy and that it was
merely fulfilling constitutional du
ties to "assure respect for insti
tutions,” a respect, he said, which
v;as lacking in the Castillo gov
ernment.
The president of t h e supreme
court, Roberto Repetto, indicated
tonight that the new regime would
oe recognized by that body.
General Rawson also issued a
V'ritten statement declaring that
moral corruption” marked the
Castillo regime which was “harm
, to the true interests of tne
country. an(j prevented an eco
°.™e upsurge.”
Although this statement did not
I ,lention the international policy of
|]e provisional regime, one of the
official acts today was the
rest of Manuel Fresco, an Ar
S otne nationalist and former
'Continued on Page Two; Col. 3)
ARGENTINA MAY
JOIN IN FIGHT
Many Observers Expect
Break With Axis Powers
If Not War
WASHINGTON, June 4.— W—1The
belief prevailed in diplomatic quar
ters tonight that there is a strong
possibility the army coup d’etat
in Buenos Aires will bring Argen
tina, last Latin-American holdout,
to the United Nations’ side in the
war.
Many observers expect a diplo
matic break between Argentina
and the Axis powers, if not an
outright declaration of war.
The situation was described pri
vately in government quarters as
“looking pretty good.”
United States recognition of the
new regime seems assured, as
suming that it displays a readi
ness to cooperate in hemispheric
defense.
The so-called non-recognition pol
icy has not been in effect since
1930, said a qualified observer,
who could not be named. This pol
icy, applied in the days when
Henry L. Stimson was secretary
of state, denied recognition to any
regime that had overthrown a gov
ernment by force. But since 1930,
it was said, the United States has
recognized any government that
demonstrated:
1. Its ability to maintain order.
2. That it was in effective con
trol of the government.
3. It recognizes and is carrying
out international obligations.
State Department officials with
held comment pending a complete
report on the coup that put War
Minister Pedro Ramirez in power.
However, Secretary of the Navy
Knox, asked for comment at a
press conference, said, "It looks
as if the pro Axis administration
down there has been unhorsed.”
Some diplomats viewed the
army’s move in taking the gov
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 6)
ORELlSBLASTED
BY RED BOMBERS
German Held City Hit By
520 Planes; Soviets
Claim One Lost
LONDON, SATURDAY, June 5
—(AT—A raid by 520 Russian bomb
ers on German-held Orel, below
Moscow, in which it was asserted
that only a single Soviet plane
was lost was reported last night
by the Moscow radio, while the
midnight communique of the So
viet command again mentioned
no action of consequence anywhere
on the Russian land front.
The communque, as broadcast
by the Moscow radio and recorded
here by the Soviet monitor, was
routine in tone and made no men
tion of the Velizh sector between
Smolensk and Veiikie Luki, west
of Moscow, where the German
radio earlier had reported that a
strong Russian offensive action
was under way.
This German account declared
that three Russian infantry divi
sions and a reinforced tank bri
gade, perhaps a total of 50,000
men, had attacked repeatedly and
conceded a break through behind
the main German defenses al
though implying that this success
was not exploited.
The thrust, said the broadcast,
had been made in “an attempt to
clear the way for the Russian
rifle divisions, but in a counter-at
tack the Russian riflemen were
overrun.”
The Soviet in its mid-day com
munique said nothing of action
about Velizh, telling only of inconse
quential fighting aground and an
nouncing the destruction overnight
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 4)
Invasion Threat Hovers
Over Pantelleria Island
By KIRKE L. SIMPSON
'WASHINGTON, June 4.—(tfl—The
J,5 *orrnidable Anglo American
'?Sl0n threat against the "soft”
f»r,^e of the Axis continental
0 *e®s seems to be hovering close
]:! hte tiny Mediterranean waist
ip, ,ls and of Pantelleria, midway
C0;7en the Sicilian and African
theS ;• there are factors in
in sltUa.tion which justify caution
Raising the tactical or stra
v,a,‘c lrnPetus of the Allied bom
““idment of Pantelleria.
lan.e.5°chy. four-by-eight mile is
\Vlfh ls a little Gibraltar bristling
6:, jd gTreat and small guns, it is
s; f. • s military value to either
lts ls at best sharply limited,
lieu Vpture at probable high Al
t' SUa]ty cost would not seem
warranted if there is some other
way of eliminating it as an enemy
observation post overlooking Al
lied convoy operations through the
Mediterranean waistline.
In the^ face of British experience
on Malta, the most bombed target
of this war, there is small reason
to anticipate that Pantelleria could
be knocked out by air and sea
bombardment alone. It could be
rendered utterly useless in that
way, however, as an obstacle to
free Allied passage of the central
Mediterranean—to shorten convoy
routes to the Indian ocean, or to
the eastern Mediterranean, by
thousands of miles.
That it has already been effec
<Continued on Page Two; Col. 7)
Chinese Hurl
Last Of Jap^
FromTum
Twin Wing. Of AdvaniSf
Armies Beat Forward
Against Foe
RETRIEVE BIG SECTOR
Latest Success Gives
Chiang’s Men Big Por
tion Of Rice Bowl
CHUNGKING, China, Sat
urday, June 5.—(PP) — The
Chinese armies, beating for
ward fast on both wings on
the central China front, have
thrown substantially the last
of the Japanese invaders out
of the area north of Lake
Tungting by reaching the riv
er port of Owchihkoy and
have swept into Yangchi on
the Yangtze to the north,
Chiang Kai-shek’s command
announced today.
Ansiang, 10 miles west of
the previously reoccupied
Japanese stronghold of Nan
hsiien on Lake Tungting, al
so had fallen to Chinese arms
it was added. Most of the
Japanese troops there have
been annihilated.
Enter Base of Itn
Along the upper part of the front
Chinese columns at last report had
entered the Japanese river base
of Itu in pursuit of Japanese for
ces seeking to cross there in their
disorderly retreat in Hupeh prov
ince.
The position in the whole area
below the Ygangtze between Tung
ting lake and Ichang, the princi
pal Japanese base, thus under
went a transformation, the Chi
nese retrieving a still expanding
section of China’s rice bowl.
Particular importance was at
tached here to the penetration to
Owchihkow, for it appeared that
the Chinese might be able to cut
off the retreat of Japanese war
ships. including the Yangtze flag
ship. which had steamed into that
area before the Chinese comeback.
Official Chinese announcements
described the Japanese flight as
a rout, which was being bloodily
punished by American and Chi
nese airmen, who kept the Yangtze
crossings under powerful assault.
In Itu, 23 miles below the main
enemy base at Ichang. savage
street fighting was reported: Jap
anese communications to Ichang
were in danger of total disruption
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 1)
-*>
342 Americans Give
Lives To Take Attu;
No (/. S. Ships Lost
WASHINGTON, June 4—(JP)—
The Navy disclosed today that
342 American soldiers gave
their lives in the conquest of
Attu, against Japanese losses
five times as great. Secretary
Knox added that landing op
erations were accomplished
without the loss of a single
ship or of any Navy person
nel.
Knox told a press conference
that work of improving the At
tu airfield, begun by the Japa
nese, already is underway.
Asked whether Attu would be
a good bomber base, Knox
said:
“The weather is against
being very good up there, but
it will be very valuable and I
expect it will he embarassing
to the Japs on Kiska.”
Kiska is the main enemy
base in the Aleutians, and
there has been speculation that
attempts will be made to clear
the Japanese from it, now that
Attu is retaken.
WEATHER
FORECAST
NORTH CAROLINA: Continued hot
Saturday.
Cape Fear River stage at Fayette
ville Friday at 8 A.M., 9.70 feet.
WASHINGTON, June 4—(IP)—Weather
bureau report of temperature and rain
fall for the 24 hours ending 8 P.M.,
in the principal cotton growing areas
and elsewhere:
Station High Low R’fall
Asheville - 19 93 0.00
Atlantic City- 96 57 0.00
Boston_ 68 62 0.00
Burlington- 94 66 0.00
Chicago- 90 66 0.00
Cleveland - 89 73 0.00
Tlpfroit _ —_ 86 73 0.00
El Paso ’ 93 69 0.00
Galveston'":- 87 79 0.00
Kansas City - 69 62 0.00
Little Rock- 83 76 0.00
Shis ll ll SJS
Mobile ' _ 90 75 °'00
New York - 93 «0 0.00
Pittsburgh - 88 71 0.00
Raleigh _ 93 <3 0.00
ncksburgh - 9! 79 9'99
Washington--- 9d 7" °-99
m L LEWIS YIELDS TO FDR;
* TELLS UMW TO START WORK
■ —1 ■ --- - --- ft
These Men Are Central Figures In Coal Mine Controversy
Shown as they left the White House Wednesday after a conference with President Roosevelt are the members of the War Labor
Board. From left to right: William H. Davis, chairman; George W. Taylor; Reuben B. Robertson; Wayne L. JHorse; Frank P. Graham;
Van A. Bittner and Robert Watt. They ordered negotiations stopped before the meeting.
PANTELLERIA HIT
AGAIN BY ALLIES
Italian Outpost In Middle
Area Shudders Under
Heavy Shells
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, June 4.—(^)—
American bombers kept the Ital
ian outpost isle of Pantelleria un
der a day-long assault yesterday,
climaxing a week in Which Allied
warships shelled the rock-ribbed
island four times and air units
pounded it ceaselessly in addition
to plastering Naples with block
buster bombs. All this was ac
complished without a single Al
lied loss.
In new attacks demonstrating
the growing Allied superiority of
both sea and air, British naval
craft followed up shattering aeri
al bombardments of Pantelleria
Monday and Tuesday nights by
shelling the island Wednesday
night and again Thursday morn
ing, it was announced officially
today.
While the RAF was hammering
the fortress island Tuesday night,
British Wellingtons roared to the
Italian mainland and dumped 4,
000 and 2,000-yound bombs on the
docks and industrial area at Na
ples, already punished severely in
recent daylight raids by Flying
Fortresses.
RAF Boston bombers joined
American' Mitchell and Marauder
bombers and Warhawk and Light
ning fighters in yesterday’s con
tinuation of the heaviest non-stop
battering ever dealt an enemy
stronghold in the Mediterranean
theater of war.
Thursday’s shelling of Pantel
leria by British warships was the
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 4)
House Carves‘Big Stick’
Against Wartime Strikes
WASHINGTON, June 4,
today a powerful cudgel wit}
strikes.
By a record vote of 231
ate the vastly-amended Con
leaders could be sent to priso:
directing a strike or using u
interruption in a govenment
One hundred Democrats
the bill. Against it were 891
Democrats, 48 Republicans
and four minor party repre
sentatives.
The Senate, in passing the orig
inal Conn ally bill May 5, had dem
onstrated opposition to such stiff
legislation, and indications were
the measure would be buffeted
N. C. REPRESENTATIVES
VOTE
Representative Cameron Mor
rison, former governor, cast
the only vote against the
anti-strike bill from the North
Carolina section of the House.
Representative Barden Bonner,
Bulwinkle, Burgin, Cooley,
Doughton, Durham, Folger and
Weaver balloted in the affir
mative.
around in conference between the
two branches before a compro
mise could be worked out.
Salient provisions of the House
measure include these:
No strike could be called under
any circumstances in a govern
ment-seized plant, but the right of
an individual to stop work would
not be interfered with.
In a war industry not under
government operation, a strike
&could be called only after 30 days’
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 5)
Walter Lippmann Says:
Nation’s Judgment
Of France Is Vital
By WALTER LIPPMAN
Much will depend now and in
the future upon the ability of this
country to judge correctly the
movement in French affairs.
Unless we can do this, we shall
incur the risk of becoming es
tranged from the vital elements
of the French nation. The conse
quences may be very serious.
They may complicate in some de
gree the immediate problems of
the military command. They are
almost certain to make much
more difficult the problems of the
transitional period between the
ousting of the Germans and the
establishment of a French govern
ment. They could produce a civil
confusion in liberated France
which would prove to be a for
midable obstacle to reconstruction.
Our French policy has been
vitiated by the radical error of
our diplomatic agents in failing to
understand and therefore to re
port correctly to the State De
partment and to the Whte House
the dominating and ascending im
portance of the national movement
which has rallied around General
Charles de Gaulle. As a result
we find ourselves with a French
policy which is not based on the
realities.
The situation cannot be correct
ed unless we begin by fixing it
clearly in our minds that the root
of the error is not that we recog
nized and dealt with Vichy, not
that we made a deal with Darlan,
but that while we were doing these
necessary and expedient things we
failed to appreciate the cardinal
importance of De Gaulle and the
Fighting French. There has been
much outright opposition to the
Vichy policy and to the Darlan
deal. On ballance, given the fact
that we had no military force
available from 1940 to 1942, the
case for the Vichy policy has been
a very strong one.
The real point is not that we
dealt temporarily with Vichy but
that we did not understand, did
not cultivate and genuinely sup
port, and that after a while we
became infected with personal an
imosity against, the leaders of the
movement of Freflch national re
sistance. In this there are the
makings of a tragedy for France
and also for the United States.
The failure to recognize that as
a matter of faot De Gaullism is
the spearhead of French national
ism has led us into a whole series
of misjudgments and miscalcula
tions. Thus we were assured on
supposedly high authority that
General De Gaulle had only a
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 4)
—(IP)—The House carved out
which to deal with wartime
to 141 it returned to the Sen
raliy bill under which union
1 for a year for instigating or
lion funds to further a work
operated industry,
and 131 Republicans voted for
STALIN’S REPLY
SATISFIES FDR
President Gives Indication
Of Pleasure Over Re
ceiving Note
WASHINGTON, June 4.—(-T1—
President Roosevelt gave every
evidence of pleasure today over
the reply Premier Joseph Stalin
sent to his recent letter, but he
still kept secret the nature of
their exchange.
Asked about it at a press con
ference, Mr. Roosevelt replied
only that the understanding and
accord between him and the Sov
iet leader is excellent.
This remark was delivered so
smilingly, and with such high good
humor, however, that there
seemed no question but what the
exchange of communications had
been highly satisfactory from the
chief executive’s standpoint.
Mr. Roosevelt referred to tire
Russian leader as Marshal Stalin.
If the use of the military title
meant the president was think
ing at the moment of military
matters—and Stalin’s role as com
monder-in-chief of the Russian
armies—there was nothing else to
confirm it.
Conjecture concerning the let
ters, and it has been purely that,
has ranged over a wide field.
Among the guesses have been
that:
The president advised Stalin of
British-American plans for an in
vasion of the European continent.
The president asked Stalin to a
joint conference sometime in the
future with him and Prime Min
ister Churchill.
Joseph E. Davies, former am
bassador to Moscow, took the
president’s letter to Stalin last
month and arrived back last night
with the Russian leader’s reply.
There have been reports that
Admiral William H. Standley, the
present ambassador to Russia, is
piqued because the communica
tions were handled outside regu
lar diplomatic channels, and has
submitted his resignation.
Asked about this, Mr. Roose
velt said neither the State De
partment nor the White House had
received a resignation from Stand
ley.
NOTICE!
If your carrier fails to
leave your copy of the Wil
mington Morning Star,
Phone 2-3311 before 9:00 a.
m. and one will be sent to
you by special messenger.
AAATC SYSTEM
IS REORGANIZED
Complete Change In Aca
demic Set-Up Announced
At Camp Davis
A complete reorganization of the
academic system of the Anti-air
craft Artillery school at Camp Da
vis and the appointment of officers
to head the various school depart
ments under the new organization
al setup was announced Friday
night by Brigadier General Edgar
H. Underwood, commandant.
Assisting the general in the ex
ecutive branch are Colonel Walter
R. Goodrich, assistant command
ant, and Colonel Pau W. Cole, ex
ecutive officer. General Under
wood’s aide is Lieut. Charles W.
Ullrich.
Operations, a division established
under the reorganization, has as
its director, Colonel Hugh M.
Cochran. The Division of Training
Publication is headed by Colonel
Coburn L. Berry.
Enlisted specialists, officer can
didates, and student officers, are
instructed by the Academic divis
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 1)
2,298PERSONS
FIND NEW JOBS
Employment Office Re
ports Increase Of 500
Over April Figure
The month of May saw Wilming
ton retain its reputation as one of
the livest labor markets in the
state, as 2,298 persons were plac
ed in jobs through the United
States Employment Service, offi
cials revealed Friday.
The May total marched along
with employment figures for the
earlier months of the year, and
represented an increase of nearly
500 over April placements.
According to Felix A. Scroggs,
manager of the office, 1,877 of the
2,298 sent to jobs in May were di
rected into war industries. Jobs
were found for 1,548 white persons
and 750 Negroes.
Agriculture absorbed 348 work
ers; 23 persons were obtained
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) I
High School Graduates .
Enter World Of Battle
The second class to be graduat
ed from New Hanover High school
in the current World War filled
out the V-shaped center of the
school gymnasium Friday night
after promising “to help Ameri
can boys turn on the light of free
dom for the oppressed peoples of
the world.”
Diplomas were awarded to 305
students.
In a dramatic play, “Lights on
Around the Globe,” in which the
only stage setting was two hemis
pheres lit with bulbs that mark
ed the spots where American ser
vicemen are now fighting for lib
erty, the graduates made their
promise to accept the hardships in
all those areas that would guaran
tee continuance of “all the mil
lion things — each one in itself
COAL STRIKE OFF
UMW Chief Given Blunt
Order By Secretary
Ickes Friday
STILL CONDEMNS WLE
Labor Board Blamed For
Entire Walkout By La
bor Leader
WASHINGTON, June 4—
(fP) — John L. Lewis yielded
to the government today and
called off the coal strike, ef
fective next Monday, the
deadline set by President
Roosevelt.
The end came suddenly as
the government marshalled
its powers to terminate the
500,000-man walkout threat
ening to paralyze war produc
tion. Told bluntly by Secre
tary Ickes that “I expect that
you will direct the members
of the United Mine Workers
to return to work,” Lewis
sent this reply:
“I have your letter of June
4.
“I have no power to direct.
I shall, however, recommend ‘
to the policy committee of
the United Mine Workers of
America that it direct the
mine workers to return to
work oii Monday, June 7.”
Recommendation Adopted
A short time later he made the
recommendation and the policy
committee unanimously adopted
it.
Lewis did not let the occasion
pass, however, without another
denunciation of the War Labor
Board, which he has refused to
recognize during the long wage
dispute. In a speech to the policy
committee, Lewis accused the
board of adopting a “piously arro
gant’ ’attitude, and of issuing “un
lawful directives.”
“These little strutting men of
the WLB have sought to place
upon the miners the responsibili
ty for this work stoppage, which
rests actually on their own smug
shoulders,” he said.
With that statement, there was
ended for the government a tense
period of crisis which set in yes
terday when President Roosevelt,
as wartime commander-in-chief,
issued an order directing the
miners to return to work on Mon
day.
It marked the end, too, of a
personal struggle between the
president and Lewis, one-time po
litical allies turned enemies, and
a major triumph for the presi
dent’s War Labor Board which
had demanded a policy of “get
ting tough” with Lewis ratheV
than making any concessions.
With the end of the strike, the
wage controversy will revert to
the War Labor Board which pre
sumably will determine then
whether to order a resumption of
negotiations on portal-to-port.al
pay.
Bargaining between th e mine
owners and the United Mine
Workers was underway on this is
sue when the work stoppage be
gan last Monday midnight with
expiration of a temporary agree
ment under which coal was being
mined.
Although there seemed to be
some indications that an agree
ment on the issue was not far off,
^(Continued on Page Two; Col. 5)
little — combining to spell free
dom, the dream built into Ameri
ca.”
The play, highlight of the com
paratively short ceremonies that
were attended by 1,700 Wilming
tonians, was written, sung and
participated in by the seniors
themselves, under the direction
of Mrs. George Le Grand. Mis»
Inez French directed the music.
Beginning with the prophecy of
Lord Gray. British foreign secre
tary in 1915: “The lamps are go
ing out all over Europe; we shall
not see them lit again in our life
time,” the students, in their caps
and gowns standing in place, first
traced the extinguishing of lights
of freedom throughout Europe.
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 4)