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Mtimington Morning #tar North Carolina’s Oldest Daily Newspaper Published Daily Except Sunday By The Wilmington Star-News At The Murchison Building R. B. Page, Owner and Publisher Telephone All Departments DIAL 2-3311 Entered as Second Class Matter at Wilming ton, N. C„ Postoffice Under Act of Congress of March 3. 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY CARRIER Payable Weekly Or In Advance Combina Time Star News tion 1 Week . * -25 $ -20 $ .40 1 Month . 1.10 .90 1.75 3 Months . 3.25 2.60 5.20 6 Month. 6-50 5.20 10.40 1 year . 13.00 10.40 20.80 New rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News BY MAIL Payable Strictly In Advance Combina Time Star News tion 1 Month .$ 75 $ .50 $ .90 3 Months . 2.00 1.50 2.75 t> Months . 4-00 3 00 5.50 1 year . 8.00 6.00 10.00 New rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News Card of Thanks charged for at the rate of 25 cents per line. Count five words to line. ~ THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Is entitled to the exclusive use of all news stories appearing in the Wilmington Star News. MONDAY, AUGUST 30, 1943 With confidence in our armed forces — with the unbounding de termination of our people—we will gain the inevitable triumph — so help us God. —Roosevelt’s War Message Our Chief Aim To aid in every way the prosecu tion of the war to complete Vic tory. THOUGHT FOR TODAY Could ye not watch with me one hour? Matthew 26:40. -V In Flight Are the Japanese, bred in the belief that death for the Emperoi guarantees a ticket to paradise, changing their minds? Or are the troops who fled Bairoko on New Georgia different from the common herd? We can’t answer, of course, but it is note worthy that the flight on New Georgia fol lows closely on the heels of that from Kiska, and both are a reversal of the course taken by other Japanese on Attu and at Munda, who chose death to escape or capture. It may be that as the campaign in the southwest Pacific continues and the power of Allied attack is more emphatically borne home, we will read of more enemy flights, more Japanese commands turning tail, but it would be unsound and possibly unsafe to be lieve that Tokyo has changed its order to its armed forces and is now recommending flight when odds are heavy instead of battle to the death. The comforting thought on the Kiska and the Bairoko evacuations is that while the Japanese started the war in the Pacific fana tically convinced that success would be theirs, soldiers in the ranks are gradually acquiring a fear of death. The person who fears death is not capable of making the best fight against it. I -v Denmark’s Plight The Danish people, resentful of Germany’s easy invasion of their land and confiscation of their resources, have recently thrown off their early restraint and engaged in sabotage and open revolt which have cost many Ger mans and Danes their lives and destroyed much property utilized by the Germans. In retaliation, dispatches say that the Germans have taken over and may even incarcerate King Christian. Their purpose seems to be to set up a Quisling government and deprive the native population of the few privileges they have thus far enjoyed under the prod ding of 70,000 German troops quartered in their cities. It is not difficult to understand the emo tions that have led the Danes to revolt, but it is regretable that their patience gave out so soon. Their defiance of the conquerors is * too precipitate. What it will cost them cun only be surmised. But the price they must pay will be high. Despite recent progress in the war against the Axis, the German armies and the vicious geslapo are still powerful. Denmark can gain nothing through open opposition to eith er. Communication with the outside world has been severed, an indication that the Ger mans have no intention of letting the policy they intend to pursue in the benighted little land becoming known beyond the frontiers. It is not improbable that the sacking of Den mark’s cities will top all other similar ex ploits by the ruthless Germans. The great pity of it is that nothing can be done f» stop it, unless the Allies are prepared to throw a great invasion force into the land, and it is not apparent #iat they are. Certainly in vasion of Denmark at this time would be trq, » mendously costly, although the Danish coast offers one of the best points of invasion be cause the Germans have not fortified it as heavily as other points and because of the short distance en route to Germany. What effect the German policy toward Den mark may have upon the schedules of invasion drafted by the United Nations is not to be foreseen, but with a global victory to be won it is hardly probable that any change can be made in them at this time. The Danes would have been wiser to bide their time more patiently, but that is a hard thing to do with tn enemy’s guns at their backs and enemy thieves stealing the food out of their months. -V Attack Via The Mediterranean With the taking of Sicily, the eyes of the Allied world are fastened on the northern Mediterranean shores as probable bridge heads of invasion. Many of us glibly talk of the approaching attack on Fortress Europe by the Mediterra nean route with little or no knowledge of the lay of the land along the Mediterranean’s more than 3,500 miles of varied coastline. It appears appropriate to look at the map of the area, if only to appreciate the obstacles that stand in the way of invasion. There is no picnic ahead for Allied expedi tionary forces, via the Mediterranean, despite the bombing of strategic centers. The shores of France, Italy, Yugoslavia, Albania, and Greece stretch between Spain and Turkey. Axis authorities have cleared for action the entire French Mediterranean front. They have set up “defense walls” along the coasts of the Balkan states and Italy. Certain islands, such as Italy’s eastern outpost. Cas telrosso, are reported evacuated, while oth ers, like Greece's Crete, are reinforced. To make the best use of natural island defenses, Japanese experts in that field have been im ported. Italy, centerpiece in Europe's southern front, has the longest coast to defend. As estimated in offshore sailing distance, it meas ures roughly 1.800 miles—some six times the length of France’s Mediterranean shore, and more than four times as long as the coast of Yugoslavia. Albania has the shortest sea front—about 170 miles: Greece, with the most broken coastline, has roughly 900 miles. The water gaps that separate the Allies in North Africa and Sicily from their various south-European goals include five diverse arms of the Mediterranean—the Ligurian. Tyrrhen ian, Adriatic, Ionian, arid Aegean seas. Each nation along the south-E'uropean “in vasion coast” presents its own problems of difficult or relatively easy sea approaches; of island stepping stones or hazards: of varied population density, different languages and degrees of Axis sympathy. Especially significant is the question of com munications, considered both in the light of enemy facilities for bringing up defense re inforcements, and of advance lines for the invaders moving on from established foot holds. Unlike northern and western Europe, with closely-woven systems of highways and railways, the southern areas of the continent lack extended communication links. The Bal kan nations particularly are weak in trans port facilities, although a few new military roads have been built by the Axis occupying forces. An important one is the all-weather highway reported now completed from Bul garia to Adriatic ports of Yugoslavia and Al bania. * The coast of France offers striking variety for landing activities. Its western shores, curving around the great Gulf of Lion, are low’ and marshy, with sandy beaches sur rounding many small salt lagoons. Along the eastern half of the coast, beyond Marseille, on the contrary, mountain passes push close to the sea in bold precipitous walls. Italy, too, offers sharp contrasts. The coas tal region of the Gulf of Genoa is high and rugged, like neighboring France. Farther south, the western coast flattens out here and there into sandy and marshy coastal plains. The southwest "toe” of Italy, made up of the mountainous province of Calabria, is still another story of massive obstruction, while the heel of the boot is flat and rolling with little to provide natural defense positions. Across the narrow Adriatic Sea from Italy, the Yugoslav coast rises in formidable and picturesque mountain ranges. All along this shore, where rocky offshoots of the ranges have been drowned and corroded by the sea, a tortuous series of gulfs, channels, islands and peninsulas has been formed. Again, the Albanian front presents contrast in a fringe of swampy plains, although back in the interior loom wild and inaccessible mountains. Equally mountainous Greece is nearly everywhere steep-shored, and is flank ed by islands whose destiny as nests of oppo sition or steppingston’es to the continent is yet undisclosed. The question as to the geographic softness of the south European front is therefore de nied by the map, as it shows up many haz ards. It indicates, rather than a “soft under belly,” a spiny backbone of mountains rais ed across southern Europe from the Spanish Pyrenees to the Greek Rhodopes. XT Equal Rights On the Senate calendar and pending before the House Judiciary Committee is a constitu tional amendment, known as the Equal Right Amendment, which reads: “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on ac count of sex.” On the twenty-third anniversary of women’s suffrage, two women’s groups took occasion to voice their differences of opinion on it. Alice Paul, chairman of the National Woman’s party, sponsor of the amendment, declared: For us in the United States, with the tool of equal suffrage in our hands, the end of the long and hard-fought struggle for equality is already in sight. With the passage of the Equal Rights Amend ment, equality for women will become the birthright of future generations. A contrary view was voiced by Margaret Wells, president of the National League of Women Voters, who 3aid: It makes an unnecessary and frivolous demand upon the attention of members of Congress at a time when the fate of our country and the world demands their at tention. It proposes to clutter up the Constitution with an unnecessary declara tion of doubtful meaning 23 years after women have won equality with the rest of the electorate. . . Any recognition women wish to earn, they may now achieve through their equal rights as citizens of the United States as provided in the 19th Amendment to the Constitution. As Adam learned in Eden that it doesn’t pay to argue with a woman, we suggest that the women be permitted to settle this dis pute among themselves and the issue be left for announcement in the brave new world we hope for later on. tr Fair Enough (Editor*! Note.—The Star and the News aceepts no responsibility for the personal views of Mr. Pegler, and often disagree with them as much as many of his readers. His article* serve the good purpose of making people think. BY WESTBROOK PEGLER NE?W YORK.—When a dressed-up, carriage trade Republican goes to his knees between the car tracks on Main street at high noon and comes up rolling his eyes and his tongue to confess to the neighbors that he has lived in error but now aims to get right with the Lord, why friends, that ain’t just only news. Friends, that there is history and history happened this week when Mr. Clarence Bud dington Kelland came out with his personal plan for the brave new world of the future before the National Republican club. Hallelujah! I had a preview of Mr. Kelland’s plan sev eral days before, a long, hard-reading script that led off with a search of his soul and a purge of his innards that purified him of ail prejudice, preconception, rancor, meanness and bile. I laid it down at the end of this preamble however with the thought that Mr. K. was being comic but wasn’t at his best. For I have known Mr. Kelland these many years in his role of jester as president and toastmaster of the Dutch Treat club and could not picture this acid little imp, two pounds lighter than a nickel’s worth of nothing and with a Mr. Punch profile, as the author of a world-plan. Ray Clapper, however, now' salutes him and, w’ith an implied amen, ^says he had always had him rated as an isolationist. That’s noth ing. I have known him as a humorist. It isn’t so hard to take an isolationist seriously but to pay respectful attention to the Mr. K. of the Dutch Treat club you first have to tear him all down, throw him away and build you a new character. So I got out his text again and studied it through, all the while watching for the gags and gimmicks with which he used to lacerate the vanity of the Dutch Treat’s guests of honor and his fellow members at the confidential luncheons under our venerable and dustry cheese-cloth rose, and concluded that our Mr. K. was not the novelist being precious nor the wit being funny but an American, and a Republican at that, offering to go walking into the future with Britain, China and even Stalin; but in sisting, for the first time in any such dis cussion, that, instead of renouncing all bene fits from the war in the name of pure ama teurism, this time we maintain our fighting strength and hold the defensive outposts now in our possession. All p"e ,'ious proposals that I know of had piously repudiated such de signs as unworthy of a breed thrice-armed be cause our cause is just and, as though, in growing great, we had never acquired an acre by force or pressure or a subject without the written consent of the same. Mr. Kelland wants us to turn pro and he makes his plan solid and specific by contrast with the shape less dreams of men without the candor to say what they mean about Bermuda and other European outposts near our shores, nor even to mean it if challenged. He may not trust Russia but he yields to the practical fact that Russia will have to be dealt in on the receivership of the smashed up nations and treated as an associate or, in time, met as an enemy. He bows to a con viction that the United States, as one of the four great victorious powers of the world, can remain great and hope to avoid further world wars only by loyal collaboration with the other three. Now this Mr. K. has been suspected of hav ing somber moods several times in the past. Usually at the annual Dutch Treat show, somewhere after the intermission, some his toric patriot, such as Nathan Hale or Paul Revere, would appear in a green spotlight and declaim a Fourth of July oration by Mi. K. about the founding fathers, the sacred heritage and the elusive joys of honest toil at loom or plow. But by that time the guests and members would be strayed all over the Waldorf and calling up La Guardia to ask him why he didn’t stay on the job and earn his pay and we gave Bud the benefit of the d°Then a few years back, he threw in with the punch-drunk regular Republicans in ear nest ageing men so badly mauled with epi thets and shocks that they still thought Hord ing was president; and still we filmed that our Bud was just studying amusing types and would come up with material for a novel I am now forced to believe, however that lie has a streak of senator in him all the time, for our little chairman has given the Republicans a much more talkable and salable program than the Atlantic Charter and all the speeches of Henry Wallace and the columns of Mrs R It is something that people can un derstand. debate and accept or reject in whole ^ in nart on its merits, and it doesn t promise food off our tables and shoes off our feet for ever to peoples the world over who outnumber USMy0 senseeof humor may be numb, but if M? K is jesting now the gag eludes me. It will become a victory which not only dis arms our enemies but discredits what they practiced and believed.—Archibald MacLeish, librarian of'Congress. NO. 1 ON THE HIT PARADE Raymond Clapper Says: Many Successful Men Fail In U. S. Capital By RAYMOND CLAPPER WASHINGTON. — You could al most stand on the proposition that a man who has made a success in his business or profession takes a 50-50 chance of being discredited and publicly humiliated when he accepts a responsible post at Washington. That is a terrible thing to say But far worse than the saying of it is the sad fact that it is substan tially true. Many names will come to your mind. When Elmer Davis came to Washington only a year ago he was one of the most respected of all radio commentators. He had worked hard for years to win the confidence of people' in his integri ty, judgment and ability as an an alyst of events. After having ach ieved notable success by a life time of work, Mr. Davis was draft ed to become chief of OWI. Now, a year later, Davis is bruised, discouraged, held up to savage attack in Congress and in the press. And his chief who brought him here, gives him the rough brushoff, and leaves him standing alone and exposed to ev ery political brickbat. Doesn't Mr. Roosevelt know that he is the real target of these brickbats? Yet men like Davis must stand out in front and take them — and with no ijrotection, no support, no thanks from the chief they serve. You would not find a better man to head OWI. but that would never be suspected from the treatment Davis re ceives. Davis means nothing to me. But he ought to mean something to the government. That is only a handy illustration of the careless and callous waste of good braips and ability by this Administration — far less excusa ble than waste in dollars. Where is the reputation of Wil liam S. Knudsen, who spent a lifetime to achieve supreme suc cess in automobile production? Or of Donald Nelson, a crack business executive? Or dozens of others you could name who have been pulled through the Washington knothole? To turn to another type, the men who hoped to make careers of pub lic service, men like Leon Hen derson and Milo Perkins. Both are men of exceptional ability, excep tionally devoted to public service. Both were kicked out as sacrificial goats by the President for whom they would have laid down their lives. Wallace is. getting it, too. In many countries, and in this country in the past, it has been considered an honor to work in public office. One who worked with reasonable ability and indus try could at least feel that he was serving usefully, and that he hold a respected place in the commu nity. Now it seems as if all of the dignity has gone out of public service here. No one familiar with politics ex pects democracies to be grateful. That is not the trouble here. It is not the public that is doing it. Sin cere, hard-working, loyal men here are being knifed by men around them, men above and below them, men in the next office, mep down the hall, men they are sitting with in conference every day. There is the smell of decadence over this place, and a stifling mias ma of court intrigue. When a name is mentioned, does the big man in the White House smile or frown? Who is in the dog house this morn ing? Dozens of able men wake up every morning wondering where they stand. In an administration that has made social security its watchword, there is less individu al security among appointed offi cials than I have seen in a quar ter of a century as a newpaper re porter here. In a uniform you are reasonably safe. You may be shelved, but it will be done quietly and without subjecting you to public humilia tion. The real, heroes are the ones who come here to work in civilian capacity. If they attract any at tention at all, it is likely to be un favorable attention. The chief rec ognition they can expect is the leather medal and the boot. Efficient public servants never were more needed. Government will be more difficult now than ever before. But unless good men have behind them a number of southern Democrats in Congress, they might as well keep their trunks packed. An election is com ing on and everyone is apt to be judged by the number of votes he swings. -V Daily Prayer FOR WAR'S CHILDREN Upon our hearts, O Father of us all. lies heavily the burden of war’s children — suffering, homeless, fatherless ones in Nazi-conquered lands: and all who. in the United Nations, are deorived of th» ten der care of parents. As Jesus loved little children, and had compassion upon them, so would we bear them in dear remem brance and care. We bring to Thee the boys and girls, who, by the ex igencies of war, are depi'ived of home training; and subject to new temptations and hardships. Make soft our heai-ts within us that we each may fulfill to the utmost our duty toward these in heritors of a new woi-ld. Without fit children from today we cannot have fit men and women for to morrow, with its long hard taks of a remade world. Speed the day of complete victory, O Lord God of Hosts, that we may be in time to salvage our priceless youth. And Thine shall be the glory, as Thine is the Power. $men.—W. T. E. The Literary Guidepost By JOHN SELBY "Battle Hymn of China,” by Agnes Smedley (Knopf; $3.50) Up to this moment, Agnes Smed ley’s ‘“Battle Hymn of China” is the finest job of reporting China to the world I have read. The book is very long, and the amount and variety of the material it contains is almost bewildering. But this is no disadvantage when the trend of the whole is easily grasped. Miss Smedley’s book is unified and often ennobled by the fact that through all its course the author sees China and her strug gles through the eyes of the under dog. Possibly she comes as close to understanding the tangle of Chinese politics as any Occidental: she not only lived in China for 12 years of her recent career, but she also fought for China. Four years were spent with the nation al and guerilla armies at the front. She has done everything from at tending banquets to burying the dead, and although she spent much time with the generals, she spent much more with the troops themselves. She froze with them, caught their plentiful diseases, tried to teach and to cure. Her story is no Vincent Sheean Wagon t Lit journey from one notable to another. Miss Smedley’s trips were made on foot, slogging down the rutty roads of China through Jap anese held country where a light ed cigarette might, and often did, mean death. For me the most important thing “Battle Hymn of China” brought was some understanding of the tortuous couise of Chiang Kai shek. Now he is the symbol of Chinese resistance to the western world, but when Miss Smedley first knew him, he was in China the symbol of reaction and not above ordering the national army, so-called, to fire upon Chinese “communist” armies and hold their fire against the Japs. The picture was very complicated only a few years back and Miss Smed ley clarifies it remarkably well. By a strange adjustment, the thousands of Chinese executed as “communists” whether they were communists or not have been justified. The Chinese armies de scended from the' old so-called “red” troops are proving, Miss Smedley writes, the bulwark of the Chines^ nation. This is a book that shows the real China under a very bright light Manpower Shortage May Keep Householders Cold Tank Truck Drivers Lacking In Fuel Transport Companies WASHINGTON, Aug. 29. — UP) — Manpower shortages may do more than fuel oil rationing to keep householders cold this winter, the Office of Defense Transportation said today. Local distributors of fuel oil face serious shortages of tank truck drivers and mechanics to keep their trucks in shape, ODT reported in urging all such dis tributors to seek War Manpower Commission designation as “locally needed’’ industries at once. It is customary in the industry for tank truck drivers and me chanics to seek other work in the slack summer months, ODT offi cials said. This year, many of them went into wav production work, and “if cold weather finds local deliverers unable to restaff their fleets, cold homes will re sult.” Designation of an industry as “locally needed” does not make its employes immune to the draft, but does open the way for local draft boards to defer such em ployes if it is decided their efforts are important to the local war ef fort. -V French Farmers Told To Store Foodstuffs NEW YORK, Aug. 29—UP)—An ap peal to farmers of occupied France to store food for the “dif ficult period” tnal may follow Al lied invasion of Europe was broadcast today by Radio France at Algiers. An invasion would lead the Ger mans to increase their demands on France, and military operations likely would prevent the Allies from bringing food to the French people for a while, said the broad cast recorded by U. S. govern ment monitors. It also urged farmers to make arrangements to- take food to city markets at the proper time to pre vent famine and help the popu lace in “the great fight for nation al liberation.” -V The lobster swims backward. So, when caught, it is easy for him to blame it all on Nature. Interpreting The War BY HAMILTON W. far0n The underground, expected . mately to play a maj^ r crushmg the Axis, shows ** I seethmg throughout occupied jJ From every quarter come - indications of the growing anv;W of the enslaved nations to cast « German oppression and to -ai,i" ' venge for their sufferin'" ,1 Axis domination. The signal for the uprising promised fighting patriots 0f P ~ quered lands when time is riDP coordinated action - apparent has not gone out from Allied sour ces. Instead the actions are who J spontaneous outpourings (Jf n I up hatred. That spontaneity mav be harmful than helpful in the i run, if the signal has not given. Small and localized action against the Germans, -sabota-e guerrilla warfare all can be cm ried out by individuals or - bands. But a general movemer timed too soon, could have the "• feet of causing only temporary d i ficulties for the invaders ' ard harm to the underground throu' revealing its leaders. Such disclosure of patriot ]ead ers and plans already has bee sought on occasions by Genr.w An example was the Germs broadcast directed toward -r Balkans recently which asserted that Allied troops had landed V, the mainland of Italy and wMe advancing up the boot. Strategics believe the inaccurate broacc., • was principally an attempt to force the underground leader,. t0 move into the open. The failed. In Denmark, which well rrav be the scene of one thrust in ; f eventual invasion of continental Europe, destruction and violence surging through occupied countries has reached a peak. There. r4tier than longer submit to the itrcife patriots are burning and blmmj up their industries, and Dsr.-a sailors have scuttled most of tiny Danish fleet, Stockholm re ports. Some possibilities exist t lat the uprisings there may have b en de liberately provoked in anoth t Na zi attempt not only to iorce lead ers into the open, but as a fish ing expedition in an effort to gain an indication of invasion plans. That possibility was seen by mil itary observers in discussion ol the German decree of martial law in Denmark—“could it be invasion jitters?” Unrest is growing across the Kattegat in neutral Sweden whmi, is at odds with Germany over lie sinking of Swedish merchant ships. In France the Gestapo is report ed to have arrested—in effect ■ naped—the former president. Al bert LeBrun, who could have been engaged in activities aiding Fit patriots against the Axis. Tn.o cause of his arrest, however, was not disclosed in meager informa tion from Swiss sources. Bulgaria, Axis partner in the war against Russia, is reported an uproar since the sudden der," of King Boris. Some observe!' here feel that he was assassins:, after quarreling with Hitler a refusing to send Bulgarian trot:: to the Russian front. Bulgaria was the first of Gf many’s satellites to collap-r the last war. Word now ofr- ■' demonstrations indicate a ' situation may be building t;: A ing the way for assault up -■ many from the rear. A» event Bulgaria should split the Axis it would require many to use more troops, : er -■ on fighting fronts, for Par,i>lD.: of the Balkans, where many Bui gar units now are employee. ( Two more threats to the • - are vaguely pictured m *e m from southern Europe- ^ ly shown is the possibility of - er action by the valiant Cheti-. With American air bases - ^ ly it is wholly possible that v may fly over i Czc dropping materials c other supplies to the m ' women waging Surr against Germany from the m • tain retreats of their home The other shaping threat Hungary, whence have cm confirmed reports that - - of Hungary now have om. aim in the war—peace. You’re Telling Me t„ll “Who said this was a_ world?” grumbled Grandip-. Jenkins today, as he discove. he was still 50 miles from h with an empty gas tank one ration coupon left. ; i t The sneak always fisu'j. Jap strategy of war. . _ bor — sneak attack. h sneak retreat. ; i » Poor Pa—the summei offensive may be over. ' fur coat campaign is abou Sin’ ! - - “Why,” asks a read* • ■ ] Nazi flag colored, red. black?” That's easy - ,e a,j shame, white with black with despair. ! ! 1 baVc. U. S. troops use a shrr.er ■ .,f net—but that shouldn't P«' ‘ lhe Axis from eventually Sc. point. Ill .. When cornered by a moose. —^ a Maine game warden, h ‘ ar.d into the air and yell at ■ ■■ he will run away. An“ ‘th!j doesn’t-why, just show him clipping.