The Wilmington morning star. [volume], January 07, 1945, FINAL EDITION, Page 9, Image 9

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HIGHLIGHTS OF ROOSEVELT’S MESSAGE TO CONGRESS
WASHINGTON, Jan. 6.— (IP) -
PrefidRnt Roosevelt today called
, .Mai mobilization of all our
°r aii resources” to smash Nazi
qSrnany in 1945 and speed Strang,
fa,ion of Japan’s “maligant pow
‘ nnce again he called for "un
inditional surrender,” but this
Jne referred specifically to "the
■' ;.lies of our enemie” in appar
d v, tion from whole peoples.”
*nBv tMal mobilization Mr. Roose
, in a message to Congress,
, ' ea -s a National Service act
lf. , ai the earliest possible mo
-oent."
pjre President’s message on the
f the Union, which he will
^,T3, Ze in a Nation-wide broad
’tonight, ranged over the whole
,e]d of domestic and world prob
errs
Broadly sketched. he made
vcp paramount points.
Home Front:
p,r.,e'.ved his demand for Nation
military service and said he
oUld ask later for postwar uni
vers8l military training; called 1
the drafting of nurses for the arm
I fd forces: urged an expanded So
Security program; aid taxes
Mould be modified after V-E day
j.,.. declared no general revision
an be made until total victory.
Fighting Fronts:
Disclosed that the Army has de
veloped the most powerfully armed
•ank yet produced and said “we
'hall resume the attack and con
• inue the attack relentlessly until
Germany is completely defeated.”
;sid we are about to equip large
.,p,v rench forces for combat
,gaint. the Nazis, but warned that
Me Germans recently have in
creased their U-boat activity in the
Atlantic. He expressed "complete
"confidence” in General Dwight D.
Eisenhower,
Foreign Policy:
We cannot and will not shrink
from the political responsibilities
which follow the wake of battle.”
Mr. Roosevelt admitted frank con
cern "about many situations-t h e
Greek and Polish for example.” He
declared this country will not hesi
tate to use its influence to ‘‘secure
so far as is humanly possible the
fulfillment of the principles of the
Atlantic Charter.”
Bespeaking a confident hope for
enduring peace, the Chief Execu
tive declared that while great prob
lems lie ahead. ‘‘This new year of
1945 can be The greatest year of
achievement in human history.”
Making the nearest thing to a
prediction on the end of the war
j which he has thus far esayed, the
President said this year ‘‘can se
the final ending of the Nazi-ascist
rein of terror in Europe,” as well
as the closing in of the forces of
retribution about the center of the
rPann”nt P°Wer °f imPe,ria'istic
Most important of all he added,
1945 can and mut see the sub
stantial beginning of the organiza
tion of world peace.”
n was a message on the State
of the Union looking back over the
course of the whole war and par
t.cuiarty over the past year, which
Mr. Roosevelt said had been mark
ed on the whole by substantial
progress toward victory. It looked
toward the future, too, and rang
with notes of confidence.
The mesage, which Mr. Roose
veh plans to summarize on t h e
radio tonight for the Nation and
the world, was read to Congress
after the counting of the electoral
votes that gave him a fourth term
in the White House.
"In the field of foreign policy,”
the Chief Executive told the legis
lators, “we propose to stand to
gether with the United Nations not
for the war alone but for the vic
tory for which the war is fought.
“It i not only a common dan
ger which unites us but a common
hope. Our’s is an association not
of governments but of peoples—and
the peoples’ hope is peace.”
He renewed a demand for "un
conditional surrender,” but applied
it only to "the armies of our ene
mies.”
That, he said, is the first, but
only the firt step toward the peace
we long for.
The Chief Executive accorded
recognition to differences which
have arisen to plague the Allies,
and he pleaded for understanding.
The nearer we come to vanquish
ing the enemies, he said, the more
we inevitably become conscious of
differences among the victors.
Assailing any use of power poli
tic in the future world, Mr. Roose
velt declared that if “must not be
a controlling factor in international
relations.”
While some cries have arisen in
this country that England and Rus
sia already are applying power pol
itics to Europe, the President made
no specific cases.
But he did appear to be answer
ing to ome extent recent British
harping against American foreign
policy, or an asserted lack of one.
Differences between the Allies,
he said, must not be allowed to
"divide us and blind us to our
more important common and con
tinuing interest in winning the war
and building the peace. Internation
al cooperation on which enduring
peace must be based is not a one
way street.
“Nation like individuals do not
always see alike or think -alike
and international cooperation and
progress are not helped by any
nation assuming that it has a mo
nopoly of wisdom or of virtue.’
Mr. Roosevelt spoke of strenuous
days of war ahead and of needs for
a wide asortment of weapons with
which to fight on to victory.
Manpower shortages, he said, are
hampering seriously many critical
production programs.
Accordingly, he repeated a rec
ommendation of a year ago that
Congress adopt “A National Serv
ice act as the moast efficient and
Democratic way of insuring full
production for our war require
ments.”
He urged this be done “at the
earliest posible moment,” declar
ing it was not too late in the war.
This time, however, he did not
link his demand with other portions
of a legislative program, as he did
in 1944.
The President set forth what he
termed three basic arguments for
a National Service law:
“First—It would provide supreme
proof to all our fighting men that
we are giving them what they are
entitled to, which is nothing les
than our total effort.
"And—Third—It would be the
final unequivocal answer to the
hopes of the Nazis and the Japa
nese that we may become half
hearted about this war and thaf
they can get from us a negotiated
peace.’
Congress all along has shown
little inclination to accept National
Serivce. Likewise members have
argued vehemently about univer
sal military training when the war
end.
On the subject of universal serv
ice in peace time, Mr. Roosevelt
said he would send the legislators
a special message later. But he
said he was clear in his own mind
that it was “an essential factor in
the maintenance of peace in the
future.’
For American at home, Mr.
Roosevelt outlined a program which
mirrored in many respects the doc
trines of his fourth term campaign.
These were some of his points:
A tax system geared to war re
quirements must be revised for
peace time to encourage private
demand.
After the war, we must reduce
or eliminate taxe which bear too
heavily on consumption.
Congress should be prepared to
modify taxes at the end of the
European war so as to encourage
investment in new enterprises that
will provide jobs.
The Administration policy is to
rely on private enterprise as much
a possible to provide jobs, and,
he said, close to sixty million jobs
will b needed.
Business must operate without
“the stifling presence of monopo
lies and cartels.’
Small enterprises must have ade
quate peace time opportunities.
The Government should assume
responsibility for part of any spe
cial risk in financing new peace
time productive capacity.
Resources of other great river
basins should be harnessed as have
thoseof the Tennessee Valley.
Thousands of airporst must be
constructed and a national highway
sytem overhauled.
The proviion of a ‘‘decent home
for every family is a national ne
cessity.’
An expanded Social Security set
up and adequate health and edu
cation projects must play essential
roles in a program designed to
support individual productivity and
mass purchasing Power.
Furthermore, he said the admin
istration supports “the greatest
possible freedom of trade and com
merce’’ on a world-wide scale.
Voicing opposition to restrictions
on commerce, Mr. Roosevelt re
marked that “we have house
cleaning of our own to do in this.”
As he had said he would do,
Mr. Roosevelt dealt with aid for
French fighting forces, asserting
that “we are now about to equip
large new French forces with the
most modern weapons for combat
duty.”
Calling the renaissance of the
French people and the rise of the
French nation one of the year’s
most heartening events: Mr.
Roosevelt said her liberation
means that her great influence
“will again be available in meet
ing the problems of peace.”
“We fully recognize,” he added,
“France's vital interest in a last
ing solution of the German prob
lem and the contribution which she
can make in achieving internation
al security.”
But he gave no hint whether
France might be invited to sit in
on the prospective meeting he
plans with Prime Minister Church
ill and Premier Stalin. He has said
this meeting will take place after
his inauguration January 20.
In o,pe field of foreign policy,
Mr. Roosevelt made a direct com
mitment. America, he said, shall
not hesitate to use its influence
and use it now "to secure so far
as is humanly possible the fulfill
ment of the principles of the At
lantic Charter.”
“We have not shrunk from the
military responsibilities brought on
by this war,” he declared. “We
cannot and will not shrink from
the political responsibilities which
follow in the wake of battle.”
Diplomats sought to appraise
these words in the light of feeling
in some quarters that Russia and
Britain have winked at provisions
of the Charter calling for self-de
termination of peoples.
Mr. Roosevelt himself said he
would not be frank if he did not
admit concern about many situa
tions, the Greek and Polish, for
example.
“But those situations,” he said,
"are not as easy or as simple to
deal with as some spokesmen,
whose sincerity I do not question,
would have us believe. We have
obligations, not necessarily legal,
to the exiled governments, to the
underground leaders and to our
major allies who came much near
er the shadows than we did.
“We and our Allies have de
clared that it is our purpose to
respect the right of all Peoples to
choose the form of government un
der which they will live and to
see sovereign rights and self-gov
ernment restored to those who
have been forcibly deprived of
them. But with internal dissension,
with many citizens of liberated
countries still prisoners of war or
forced to labor in Germany, it is
difficult to guess the kind of self
government the people really
want.”
In what may have been a guard
ed call for eventual plebiscites in
both Poland and Greece, the pres
ident went on to say that during
the interim period, this country
and the Allies have a duty “to
use our influence to the end that
no temporary or provisional au
thorities in the liberated countries
block the eventual exercise of the
peoples’ right freely to choose the
government and institutions, under
which as free men. they are to
live.”
The task, he said, isn’t helped
by stubborn partisanship by oppos
ing internal factions.
Declaring that many of the prob
lems of Peace are upon us even
while the war continues, the presi
dent asserted that the United Na
tions will go forward vigorously
and rsolutely in creating an in
tegrated world security system.
“The aroused conscience of hu
manity,” he said, “will not permit
failure in this supreme endeavor.”
Coupled with the presidential de
mand for a universal service law
was another for amendment of the
Selective Service Act providing
“for the induction of nurses into
the armed forces.”
Volunteering, Mr. Roosevelt
said, has not produced the number
of nurses needed. Nurses for the
armed services are overworked, he
said, yet care and treatment of
the sick and wounded have been
the best known to medical science.
At least 18,000 more nurses must
be obtained for the Army and 2,000
for the Navy, whereas active re
cruiting has produced only 2,000
volunteers for the Army Nurse
Corps in eight months.
Urging continued devotion to the
tasks of turning out new and old
weapons. Mr. Roosevelt declared
that “this nation must Pay for all
those who leave their essential
jobs” with the “life’s blood of our
sons.”
This is no time to quit or change
to less essential jobs, he said, add
ing:
“There is an old and true saying
:hat the Lord hates a quitter.”
' I
Discussing new armament, the |
president disclosed that the Army
has developed a new tank with a
gun morq powerful than any yet
mounted of a fast vehicle. Thou
sands will be needed in 1945, he
said.
Many critical production pro
grams with sharply rising needs
even now are hampered by a
scarcity of manpower, he said. As
the Army's most important needs
he listed artillery, ammunition,
cotton duck, bombs, tires, tanks,
heavy trucks and B>-29s. Present
production of all these is behind
requirements, he asserted.
Labor shortages, the president
said, also have hampered Navy
production of bombardment am
munition, rockets, cruisers, car
riers and certain types of planes.
A shortage of repair workers and
parts, he said, is delaying return
of damaged fighting ships to the
fleet.
Thus, he went on, National Serv
ice legislation is needed to assure
certain action in meeting manpow
er needs. He said it would only be
used to the extent required by mil
itary necessity and that it should
provide against loss of retirement
and seniority rights and benefits
and against any reduction in
wages.
Mr. Roosevelt incorporated in
his message a joint letter from
War Secretary Stimson and Navy
Secretary Forrestal, reinforcing
his plea.
They cited the congressional res
olutions declaring war on the Axis
as pledging all the country’s re
sources to bringing the conflict to
a successful conclusion.
“In our considered judgment,
which is supported by General
Marshall and Admiral King.’’ they
said, “this requires total mobiliza
tion of our manpower by the pass
age of a National War Service law.
The armed forces need this legis
lation to hasten the day of final
victory, and to keep a minimum
the cost in lives.”
Mr. Roosevelt gave over a
lengthy section of his message to
a report on the Allied progress
toward ultimate victory.
He took notice of the year-end
German offensive in Belgium and
. noted that “further desperate at
;empts may well be made to break ;
>ur lines.” The mistake must nev- :
sr be made, he said, of assuming
that the Germans are beaten be
Eore the last Nazi has surrendered.
Voicing "complte confidence”
in Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, the
president attributed the speedy re
covery against the German count
er-attack to the fact that a su
preme commander compleely con
trols all Allied armies in France.
The history of the generalship
of the entire war, he said later
on. has been one of "team work
and cooperation, of skill and dar
ing.”
Yet in all the far flung opera
tions of the armed forces, the com
mander-in-chief declared, "the fi
nal job, the toughest job, has been
perormed by the average, easy
going hard-fighting young Ameri
can who carries the weight of bat
tle on his own shoulders,”
In Europe, he promised, the at
tack will be resumed and contin
ued relentlessly until Germany is
whipped completely. And as the
79th Congress meets “we have
reached the most critical phase of
the war.”
The president took occasion to
correct any misconception about
the importance of the Italian front.
Some people have underrated it,
he said. But valiant forces in Italy
ire keeping some 20 first-line Get*
nan divisions and support troopi
mder constant pressure. The pree
;ure, he said, will continue.
At one point, Mr. Roosevelt com
nented on the success of the Bat
le of the Atlantic but said Nad’
J'boat activity recently has in
:reased.
BANKERS CANCEL MEETING
NEW YORK. Jan 6. — (JPt —
rhe American Bankers Association
today cancelled its mid-winter
trust meeting which would have
brought about 1,000 persons to New
York February 6-8. The action wal
in line with the Government re
quest that large meetings be call
ed off.
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I _» „vnresses the beliei ,. the South’s Inl be glad to recommend suitable locations. Our
I He exp ext generatio . . . ing the \ Ed A research staff is also available for comprehen
\ lifetime ot nd capital W1“ t ial \ Port* sive studies with respect to industrial possibili
I resources, SKI an„uardof world m I mer* ties jn our territory. Inquiries will receive
I section into the va g social vltality LatB prompt and confidential attention. J. M. Fields,
\ progress, while ltSJ^y the shaping of a • ^ Assistant Vice-President, Wilmington, N. C.
!Editorial from ^ l. • • L I I U t ®
The (Columbia, S. C.) State A A (1 1 I M N J ®
^rrr?T^ U UpftILROAP
SERVING AMERICA’S NEW FRONTIER
.. , i, , i , ■ - *
Made Lone Stand
VERSATILE with any weapon, Pvt.
Francis Currey, 19, Hurleyville,
N. Y., fought off a Nazi thrust which
would have outflanked American
positions and opened a road for a
German armored sweep in the Nazi
Ardennes offensive. He used a ba
zooka, automatic rifle, machine
guns, rifle and hand grenades in his
“one-man” war. Currey has been
nominated for the Congressional
Medal of Honor. (International)
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ANNOUNCING A NEW
1 DAILY PANEL
BY THE NO. 1
CARTOONIST
OF THE WAR
UP FRONT
WITH MAULDIN
Sergeant Bill Mauldin stands alone when it comes to portraying that
typical American soldier quality of appreciating the humor of a
situation no matter how dangerous or dreary the circumstances.
Mauldin's men can still enjoy a laugh whether it's on them or some
body else. For a daily slice of soldier life as it really is, drawn by
a soldier who really knows how it is—Mauldin goes right up to the
front line for his material—look for UP FRONT WITH MAULDIN.
Starting In Monday's Edition of The Wilmington News and Tuesday's
Edition of The Wilmington Morning Star.