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FOUR Jfilmington f>Iar North Carolina’s Oldest Daily Newspaper i Published Daily Except Sunday ( By The Wilmington Star-News ' R. B. Page, Owner and Publisher Entered as Second Class Matter at Wilming ton, N. C., Postoffice Under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY CARRIER IN NEW HANOVER COUNTY Payable Weekly or In Advance Combi Time Star News nation 1 Week _$ -30 $ .25 $ 50 1 Month ........... 1-30 1.10 2.15 8 Months __ 3.90 3.25 6.50 • Months _ 7.80 6.50 13.00 I Year_a. 15.60 13.00 26.00 (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News) By Mail: Payable Strictly in Advance 3 Mpnths .. 2.50 $ 2.00 * 3.85 • Months . 5.00 4.00 7.70 1 Year . 10.00 8.00 15.40 (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News) WILMINGTON STAR (Daily Without Sunday) 3 Months-$1.85 6 Months-$3.70 1 Yr.-$7.40 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS AND ALSO SERVED BY THE UNITED FRESS With confidence in our armed forces—with the unbounding determination of our people— we will gain the inevitable triumph—so help ns God. _ Roosevelt’s War Message. _TUESDAY, JANUARY 16, 1945. THOUGHT FOR TODAY They are so brave; they do not whine Or piteously plead; And so I share and share of mine With all in need. God, I would give through day and night— With love their faith renew— Knowing, but for Thy grace, I might Be hungry too. VIRGINIA EATON. -V-- ■ Your Business Too Some of the business experts are calling upon President Roosevelt to assure the people again that wild inflation or even moderate in flation will not sweep the country There has already been considerable of it despite public pronouncements now and then that it’s really very small. You know better, don’t you? But it will take more than presidential re assurance. It will require cooperation on the part of the public which is always, in the end. responsible for most inflation. The public loses its head and goes wildly to bidding up orices. This is a matter where people themselves by proper self-restraint may do more than can be done in any official proclamation against inflation. -V Nine-Tenths Financial Joint appropriations committee of the North Carolina House and Senate got to work early, as was fitting. The backslapping attendant upon such a reunion as the opening of a leg islative session was hardly over before the committee went into hearings sessions. After all, that is the chief business of the General Assembly—to parcel out the money, balance and baste the budget, trim or add something here and there. Generally more is added than trimmed. It is a business session, pure and simple, this meeting of the legisla tors every two years. Its problems are nine tenths financial, like the constituency’s prob lems. This committee holds the pursestrings. Let’s hope they keep a nice, firm grip on them. Santa Clause has come and gone. Keep your haads, please, gentlemen. There is a limit even in a boom time. The economic welfare cf the state is in your hands, more than those «>f anybody else, for at least two years. -V Signs of Amity Report of the United States extending a friendly hand to Finland is indicative of the general feeling of sympathy for the little country. It had a war with Russia and when Germany and Russia tangled it became an ally of Germany. Our government brolpe re lations with Finland but never declared war on the country. Every year after the First World war the Finns made the! regular payment on their debt to the United States. They didn’t default. They hunted for no excuse to get out of pay ing. It was not a great sum but it showed high principle. The United States could get along all right without the money but our peo ple appreciated the attitude shown by the Finns. They were alone among the nations in doing this. It iS a friendship between two dissimilar peoples—that of the United States and Finland. . kut a real friendship. People of America sim *ly refuse to regard the Finns as enemies. —-V Era of Dictators These are sad days for wnat few kings re main. George of Greece has seen a regency displace him. Peter of Yugoslavia is fighting plans for a regency. Safe in London, kings are seeing their thrones slipping away from them. Styles change in rulers. The fad now is dic tators. Beside them, kings are small potatoes. The dictator wears no crown and prates about how he loves the people and serves them day and night, doing everything for their own good, but is in fact a monafch. Some of them are absolute monarchs. When today’s history is written a hundred years hence, mankind will marvel at the hold - the dictator, the “man on horseback,” al though now he is a man on a tank or jusl behind it, managed to obtain such a hold or people’s and nations; will marvel at the help lessness of people who accepted such rule with such docility. As men decline, dictators ascend. It's no a good sign. It is not alone caused by war; they showed their heads before war started There is a strange neurosis affecting peoples in the mass; a fear of something unknown; an inability to solve their own problems or even to approach them; a dependency upon some upstart. It is a neurosis combining dread of the unknown, helplessness, confusion, a lack of self-power and ability to initiate and manage for oneself. Congresses and parliaments show it. All combined, it makes for weakness, a fine field for some dictator to seize. -V A Peevish Complaint The London Daily Mail in an editorial titled “A Slur on Monty,” complains of the lack of credit and authority given Field Marshal Montgomery for his part in stopping the Ger man breakthrough in Belgium. It implies that Marshal Montgomery was chiefly responsible for stopping Rundstedt's drive, and that his talents are being wasted. It terms as “unnecessarily offensive” the ex planation by General Bradley that the mar shal’s new command is temporary. Judging from this, British criticism of the United States has now extended from the field of political policies and attitudes into that of military operations. And that would not only be a great pity, but decidedly dangerous. Of course, one editorial does not necessarily reflect a nation’s state of mind. And it should be remembered that criticism makes more arresting reading than praise, with the con sequent possiblity that American correspo dents may have been cabling back a larger share of British writers' disparaging observa tions. JNevertneiess, even one sucn editorial does a considerable disservice to Anglo-American unity and to the military leaders in question. Its tone is in sad contrast to the generous statements made by Marshal Montgomery and General Bradley. And it contradicts all published reports from General Eisenhower’s headquarters, which contain nothing to indicate that the quick and decisive actions against the German attack were not made in an atmosphere of harmony and mutual respect. The war records of Generals Eisenhower and Bradley and of Marshal Montgomery are of a sort to inspire confidence, and there is nothing in the last month’s events in western Europe to shake that confidence. In view of those records it is nothing short of insulting to suggest that Marshal Montgomery is being kept down for personal or political reasons. The extent of Marshal Montgomery’s com mand is based on the extent of British par ticipation in the western European campaign. An American is supreme commader for the same reason that a Frenchman was in the last war, because his country is providing the major force of men and equipment. So the Daily,Mail’s editorial seems to lack good judgment as well as good taste. Perhaps its author, being human though anonymous, was simply feeling petulant and peevish that day. Like other Britons, he is going through his sixth winter of war, with its attendant danger and anxiety and privation. He prob ably had good reason for being out of sorts, and we hope the editorial relieved his feelings. But Allied unity cannot stand too many 9uch pieces. For one thing, they play square ly into enemy propagandists’ hands. And for another, they plant in readers’ mihds the false and dangerous impression that our Al lied commanders are playing petty politics when lives and victory are at stake. -V Becoming Perennial Every winter there’s the same lack of many things but especially coal. For the third suc cessive winter now consumption has been more thaji production. Shortages will continue as long as the war lasts. Director Byrnes’ order for conservation takes a new turn. Instead of confining him self exclusively to exhorting householders to conserve it — wasted words on people who haven’t much to conserve—he takes .vigorous measures against outdoor advertising lights, light from electricity often generated by coal; against unnecessary trains for unnecessary travel, and other methods for conservation on a big scale. The situation is described as acute. It’s worse than that. It’s cold. There are few mis eries as severe as a cold house, and there's especial danger in such a situation for chil dren. Influenza, pneumonia and other diseases wait in the wintry darkness to slay thou sands. There should be no waste publicly while persons as private individuals have to do without. Government buildings offer a chance for conservation. There is no coal to waste. Many people wish they had some so they couldn’t waste if. Any government building that is overheated is done so at the expense of people in their homes. And a word of caution: don’t do this con serving at the expense of helpless children. Don’t let the schools suffer. The children in them must sit quietly, practically motionless, for hours. Don’t let those buildings get toe cold unless you want to have sickness and death. The children should not have to pay for the stupidity of adults. -V SO THEY SAY War is a terrible and a horrible thing, but since the time of Christ this world of ours has spent more-time fighting than we did in peace. —A. A. F. Gen. H. H. Arnold. • * * Our troops are like a tiger who has tasted blood. Our superb men are raring to go. — Lt. Gen. Walter Krueger, 6th Army commander on Luzon. • * • The battle of Luzon—that is, the battle for the Philippines—has now entered its main stage. The battle in which 300,000 American officers and men are doomed to die is about to begin. — Tokyo radio. Fair Enough (Editor’s note.—The Star accepts no re sponsibility for the personal views of Mr. Pegler, and often disagrees with them as much as many of his readers. His articles serve the good purpose of making people think.) By WESTBROOK PEGLER (Copyright, 1945, by King Features Syndicate.) CHICAGO—Now and again I run into some legitimate and well-placed idealist in the labor movement who tells me I have been doing great work for labor and unionism since I began running a temper over the presence of a lot of porch-climbers in their sacred cause but then says “but, of course, this is just between us because if I were to say so publicly I would give aid and comfort to our enemies.” By enemies, they mean the employers and all organized industry and those members of congress and the state legislatures who want to pass laws which would paralyze the unions. They also consider the racketeer to be an enemy of labor and are pleased to see them fall, one by one and in bunches, but what they say on that is that rousing them out is my business and not a dull or underpaid business, either. They figure that I am so thoroughly committed now that I just can’t quit and, therefore, they see no reason to waste any word of cheer on me. In fact, they don’t mind calling me an enemy ol labor, as Will Green did a few years batk and -often sinde because, after all. results alone count and all they want is that the UllUtn WUi IU gUIllXct3 etXiU uumo w uu mucv-icy in after prohibition should be run out and, where possible, thrown into prison, but, any way taken off their necks. They also enjoy revelations of such outrageously regal status as that which old Dan Tobin, of the teamsters, has conferred on himself, with his luxuries and prerogatives provided by his privy coun cil, and feel that ridicule of such self-im portance and ostentation will eventually dis credit such individuals and their practices by appealing to the ambition and ideals of better men and arousing the rank and file against their rules. That I have no doubt because men are proud and greedy and young idealists do grow into fat headed monarchs. But still, as I say, they don’t even-let themselves be seen having a friendly word or dram with me, with the exception of Jim my Petrillo, who is very broadminded and, with his great powers, can afford to take the social and political risk. On the CIO side, things are different. Those Communists are kiver-to-kiver haters and the only complaint I have ever received from any of them was a remark by a press agent for Harry Bridges, the Australian Communist adjudged to be an enemy of our government, who said he detested me but wished he had me doing my stuff with the same conviction and vehemence on their side. But even the A. F. of L., men who loathe and have fought the CIO-Communist thing for years and years still pretend publicly to regard these bouts with the bolos as attacks on labor with a capital L, again figuring that any results I achieve in this line will be clear profit for them in their contest with the cockeyes. So, again, why should they pay something even in mere words of recognition for something that I will have to give them for nothing? Quite a lot of these older, more intelligent and unselfish ones who are not in it for big salaries like Tobin’s and royal honors and win ter palaces and well-paid easy jobs for their relatives, are seriously afraid that the whole cause of unionism and labor is suffering with the fighting men in this war. They insist that the strike record has been exaggerated, a con tention which I will not argue just now, but they know that the fighters, nevertheless, be lieve the unions have laid down on them and afe coming home sore whiclf, of course, would be very bad for the soldiers, sailors and*ma rines, themselves, when they get back to ci vilian work. The result might be government control of unionism which would amount to an American equivalent of the Nazis’ labor front. I tell them in honesty, they ought to admit that the guy has turned a few tricks that they should have done themselves but were afraid to tackle until the bums had been soft ened up by long hammering and had been maneuvered over near the door where one quicK snove would noost them out. But nope, they won’t let on. These people, and I mean the good ones, let these dirty conditions develop by moral and physical cow ardice and neglect during years when they were respected and even honored as worthy spokesmen of labor and paid to keep the movement clean. Their practice is to move along behind and mop up, installing the best successors they can find as the vermin are eliminated and to take credit to themselves for the reforms. Well, I don’t much mind, at that. I am beginning to understand that, historically, when a bad condition has been corrected, the people usually just write off the bye-gones and go on forward. The rose-rubbing that fol lowed the Civil war and the Bolshevik mas sacres which took place after the Romanoffs had been slaughtered and Kerensky’s moder ate government had been chased out are great exceptions. In the A. F. of L., when a crook has been driven out they try to forget him and help the union back to its feet for the sake of the cause and the members, although I must say they usually put the cause ahead of the members forgetting that without mem bers the cause couldn’t exist. They don’t even bother to sue on the bonds of their corrupt and discredited officers or attach their riches to reimburse the members. There are still some of their unions that need de-lousing, such as the Maloney-Fay thing known as the Operating Engineers, the Boiler makers, whose rank and file are good people but largely inexperienced in unionism, the Moreschi shakedown of the poor common la borers and the teamsters. I think Joe Padway, the general counsel of the A. F. of L., should be repudiated because of his notorious asso ciation with some of the vilest of the crooks in the role of attorney and that Green should be deposed for his failure to take the offen sive against the racketeers, although soberly, I doubt they will ever go that far with Green. Then, maybe, we could have a decent A. F. of L.', fit to represent the fighters in that brave new world of the future. But time is a’wasting and a lot- of them are back home already, so these decent unioneers had better get going themselves and not wait for me. -V What was von Rundstedt trying to achieve? I don’t know. The only guide we have is his order of the day which told his soldiers they must go all out on this last big effort. — Field Marshal Sir Bernard L. Montgomery. • * * Strange as it may seem, certain publications issued on British and American territory some times seem to be more preoccupied with the subject of difficulties, real or imaginary, among the leaders of the anti-German coali tion than the German press itself. — Moscow radio. Plans for the Future WITH THE AEF: Meet Doc Ward-A Legen d Of The Front By KENNETH L. DIXON WITH THE AEF ON THE BELGIAN FRONT, Jan. 15—UP> They call him Doc Ward—and don’t put any quotation marks around thaP’Doc, because it isn’t a slang term and it isn’t a gag. It’s part of a living legion which you hear up here. The voices of Doughboys freezing in their fox holes grow warmer and softer with pride as they tell about him. He isn’t a doctor. He’s a medical aid sergeant and his right name is Robert. E. Ward. He’s 27 and he comes from Princeville, 111., where bis mother now lives. But he is Doc Ward to the entire 334th Regiment. And his legend has spread until the whole 84th Divi sion claims him. “He has personally saved the lives of at least a hundred men,’ said Capt. James V. Johnston of Portland, Ore., his current com mander. But that is not the complete to tal, even in his own division where he has roamed two regiments car ing for wounded and carrying them out to safety. Doughboys of the 130rd Infantry and Tommies of British units have seen his tall, heavy frame standing over them when they lay wounded and writh ing in pain. They have seen his sad, quiet face bend down and then things got easier. No matter how hot the fighting was, Doc carried them out. He worked with those outfits when his own company was resting or in reserve—for Doc can't seem to rest. “He lives with a broken heart,’ said the battalion chaplain one day. “He has had too many men die in his arms.’ Maybe that’s it. There is nothing in his background out of the ordi nary. He had no medical training other than what the Army gave him. He went to high school and then got a half-year of business college training. Then he helped with payrolls and answered the telephone and- did things like that for the public service company in Peoria. That’s his background. That and something which has given him a strange, almost superhuman, drive that gets him everywere. “It’s miraculous,’’ said a soldier lying with his eyes closed in a hospital today. “Whenever there is a wounded guy, he shows up.” During the La Roche battle his previous battalion commander was hit by direct machinegun fire out front with his men. The first man to reach him was Doc Ward. "The others were pinned down —hell, they were more than that, They were nailed to a cross there on the ground, but he got through unwounded,’ a colonel muttered later. He was awarded the Bronze Star for pulling a wounded British tank commander out of his tank while it was under direct machinegun fire and the tough Tommies watch ed in amazement. But it didn’t sur prise Doc’s sidekicks. In addition to his uncanny ap pearances where he is needed worst, Doc has a preoccupied fear lessness which as yet, at least, has been .rewarded by a miracu lous immunity. Right after he aided his wound ed battalion commander he stood talking to two men during the La Roche attack. He walked away just as an artillery shell killed one of them and wounded the other. Another time, one aid man crawled toward them. The German gunner saw him and turned a deadly swath of fire on him. Doc hid behind two dead bodies near by and finally got up and ran for it. Later 42 bullet holes were count ed in one body behind which he had taken cover. He has refused a higher rating and a job back at the battalion aid station where he is safer. He thinks he can do more good with the company. So does Captain Johnston. “During the La Roche fight, Doc personally was responsible for evacuating three-fourths of the wounded of all five companies,” he said. “He has been under more enemy fire than any man in this entire battalion. In every scrap he is under fire. He has demonstrat ed more personal bravery than any man I have ever seen in com bat.” r ? Washington Calling -By Marquis Childs WAamiNuxuiN, Jan. la—Eor all the Allied world, the postponement of victory in Europe has been a crushing blow. But if we feel it here in Amer ica, especially the prolongation of the tension which is the state of mind of millions with sons and fathers and husbands in the fight ing, consider th3 plight of one small country that for nearly five years has known no surcease from suffering. Virtually outside the orbit of the Allied victories of 1944, Norway is almost a forgotten country. Yet Norway was an ong the first of the western democracies to come under the tyranny of the Nazis. Not long ago, the Norwegian gov ernment-in-exile asked the Allies to invade Norway, and that ap peal had in it a note of despera tion. When I was in Sweden a year and a half ago, Norwegians who came out of their country via the underground took a grave view of what another winter of Nazi occu pation would do. The Norwegian people had not starved, but they were close to th* line. Inside Norway, they were pin ning their hope on liberation in the spring of 1944. The theory— and it certainly was not confined tq Norway—was that Germany could not last through another win ter. Lacking any real hope, the Norwegians lived on rumors of hope which went in waves via the underground. Now they are enduring still an other winter of Nazi occupation. The reluctant sun sheds a thin light for a little while in the mid dle of the day. The rest is dark ness and raw, numbing cold knif ing into bodies long in want of sustaining foods. Recent reports coming out of Norway show that the occupation has become more savage and bru tal during the past six months. While there was even a slim chance of a negotiated peace which would not sacrifice everything, the Nazi troops maintained some mod eration. Th'ey even resisted the worst excesses of the Gestapo.* Today there are no restraints. The arrogance of victory has bfen replaced by the hatred and frus tration of defeat. Latest estimates put about 200, 000 Germans in Norway. The army of occupation is comprised of more than 100,000 troops—about 10 to ,11 divisions of about 10,000 each. For the most part, these are ycung boys or middle-aged men. The German civilian organization, the Gestapo and the Todt slave labor battalions under the Ger man lash, make up the rest. And many Nazis have their wive* with them. The invaders live almost entire ly off the country For a time, the Germans sent in some food. That has now stopped. They have said they have no interest in what happens to the Norwegian popu lation. Obviously, this is part of the calculated policy to weaken all peoples as much as possible. In the Arctic north, the Rus sians have driven.the Nazis out of several hundred square miles of Norwegian territory. As the Rus sians came in, the Germans burfi ed the villages, turning families out of their little- wooden houses to almost certain death in the Arctic winter. The saga of the wanderings of the dispossessed women and children of Kirkenes and the smaller communities is one more chapter in the record of Nazi ruthlessness. According to reports out of Nor way, relations with the invading Russians have been good. Admin istration of civil affairs has been left to Norwegians But the Rus sians can do little to alleviate the suffefing, since they have only ■ their own ration?. In fact, recent dispatches from London reveal that Russia has re M quested her western Allies to re lieve her even of the task of gar risoning the territory her armies have liberated. But the United States and Britain had to refuse on the grounds that, because of the demands of the Western Front, they could not ye spare the neces sary troops and supplies. -—-V FPC APPROVAL WASHINGTON, Jan. 15.— </F) — The Federal Power Commission approved today a proposal by the Florida Power Corp., St. Peters burg, to eliminate from its electric power plant accounts $6,834,596 representing excess over original cost. -V Connecticut is the first state in the Union to set up its own Bu reau of Inter-American Affairs. Interpreting The War By KIRKE L. SIMPSON Associated Press War Analyst German reports of a vast Red Army winter offensive in progress from, the Danube to East Prussia •‘aimed at ending the war" in Europe lack full Russian confirm ation. But they were too circumstantial for doubt that a supreme military crisis is developing for Nazidom, caught in a gigantic Russian-AR lied vice. Enemy broadcasts painted an even darker picture than any published Allied or Russian es timate of the situation. The Nazi home front thus could have no reasonable doubt that battles or decision were shaping up or already had been fought and lost in east and west alike That could be sensed in Belgium where the counter bulge created in Allied lines by the German De cember attack was crumbling away fast. The German retreat still was far short of a complete rout but it was verging that way just as the full strain of the mas sive Russian main attack fell upon the foe in Poland. It hardly needed Moscow’s for mal announcement to confirm the German report of White Russian armies on the move in the north ern as well as the southern Vistula bridgeheads and also west of the Narew above Warsaw. In the first broad fronted Rus sian thrust to expand the upper Vistula bridgehead, Krakow was menaced. The Nida tributary of the Vistula, the only important water hazard or other natural military barrier guarding the old Polish capital on the east, had been crossed by the Russians on a wide front northeast of the city. The main attack appeared driv ing due west on a 30-mile wide front midway between the Krakow and Kielce, rear anchorages of the whole south flank of the Ger man ucitnse uue in ruiana norm of the Carpathians. It seemed aimed at by-passing both the Krakow and Kielce bastions to strike directly at the concentrat ed hub of Nazi war industries in the southeast, the Gleiwitz-Kato wice city group only 30 miles or less beyond Russian advance ele ments. But instead of by-passing Kielce, the Russians were already astride the main rail and hoad communications between the War saw and Krakow flanks of the German front. They virtually were split apart by the Russian drive beyond the Nida with an implication that the German de fense deployment had been caught off guard, expecting the Russian thrust to swing northward down the west bank of the Vistula rath er than to strike westward. The maneuver saw the fall of Kielce today. ■ The expanding upper Vistula salient now has been driven more than 60 miles deep beyond the original Russian crossings. It is a wide-based salient, powerfully bolstered against enemy counter action on the south where <s shoulder rests against the north flank of the rugged Carpathians. As far as it can be traced on the maps, that main Russian bridgehead beyond the Victula be gins to shape up as the northern arm of a huge Red Army pincer attempt to storm simultaneously the Galician gateway to central (Continued on Page Ten) -V Daily Prayer FOR FATHER CAR OF SONS Day and night our thoughts turn to our sons in service, with love's great yearning, desiring for them safety and success. We would chan nel all petitions through Thy throne, O God, our king and our Fathe' Thou carest for them, and Thou also hast the power to fulfill our prayers. May there surge through our spirits* a new’ confidence in Thy purposes. There is none other be side Thee who can fulfill our desires for our dear ones. In drawiig near to Thee we draw neai ;o them. Grant that their spirits md oiys may meet at Thy mercy set. May neither they nor we du au;ht that would bring the blush of shame to the other's cheek. Let ill of our thoughts of one another ie prideful, confident thoughts; aid whether our reunion is to be hee in our house, or in the Fathei's house of many mansions, may oif love be satisfied, O tender and pa) tient Father, from wmom we havt learned all that we know of lovei Amen.—W.T.E. The Literary Guidepost By W. G. ROGERS “TOMORROW’S BUSINESS”, by Beardsley Ruml (Farrar & Rinehart; J2.50). “DEMOCRA CY UNDER PRESSURE,” by Stuart Chase (Twentieth Cen tury Fund; $1). Economist Chase’s book is fourth in a series prepared under the genera] title; “When The War Ends,” and like businessman Ruml’s, it contains the productive and financial structure of this country when the Axis is whipped. No doubt the stories from the Phil ippines and the Rhineland make hematic reading, but the battles [or hill production and full em ployment will be with us longer; ve won't get the greatest benefits horn victory abroad today unless ive win victory at home tomorrow. As a (nattier of fact, however, “base bus a light touch and wit, ind can even make you enjoy read ng dry-»*.dust-statistics. For him, lolumni of figure* add up accom qodately to a laugh. He sees the familiar military squeeze piH.v being worked in this country by pressure groups, and particularly by the three Big B's . . . the bad. busy B’s, he would call them, too: Big Business, Big Labor and Bib Agriculture. He wants these “Me First" boys to let up and consider America first. Ruml’s book is a sort of manual, a Bible for businessmen, most of whom will read and like it. He and Chase are by no means so far apart as might be expected, though the pay-as-you-go tax pi n author advocates fiscal policies over on the conservative side. Here for instance are some typ ical Rumlings: “Taxes on corpor ation profits have three principal consequences—all of them bad. Labor unions “exist because of the unequal position of the worker un der business rule-making.’’ “The word ’cartel’ is an elegant name for a simple profit to be made n monopolizing a 'small market than in competing for a large one. "Cn tier certain circumstances," me nigher the profit,-the bettei the interests of all are served." The need of tariffs for revenue 9ur' poses has long sine* passed."