The Wilmington morning star. [volume], February 03, 1946, FINAL EDITION, Image 7

About The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990

Image provided by: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Library, Chapel Hill, NC

                
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'Ar°UkHBJ(mR:if-eSf E7 in Tu. s. Senate Stalled I
Costs Half-Billion gj |j | By FEPC Filibuster
IN DETROIT, Richard T. Leonard, union official, and John S. Bugas
director, sign a wage agreement. At right, police with nightsticks
on a picket line about the main Western Union building
” THE OLD I
MASTERS
versus
THE BOY
WATCH THE KINGS
LEARN HOW TO J
use PAWNS j
WORLD HOPES FOR PEACE AND SECURITY rest in success of the United Nations Organization.
An English cartoonist sees the UNO, still in the organizational stage, having to cope with
knotty problems created by Old World concepts of power politics and ultra-nationalism.
ARMY'S JET-PROPELLED P-80 sets transcontinental record by
streaking from Long Beach, Calif., to New York in 4 hours, 13
minutes. Col. William Councill, pilot, averaged 584 m.p.h.
nation s strike Jam
Commences to Move
WHEN Big Steel and all the little steels closed down two weeks
ago, experts and near-experts were free with opinions that it
would be only a matter of tittle, and not much time at that, before the
effects of this basic production jam were felt by practically every
industry in the United States.
This week the jam began to give.
nnrl PVirvcle.r xiritVi A_
United Automobile Workers on wage
increases of 18 and 1C 14 cents an hour,
respectively. Together the agree
ments covered 200,000 workers, about
40 per cent of the nation’s automotive
industry. Earlier the new Kaiser
Frazer Corporation had come to an
agreement with the UAW on its huge
Willow Run plant.
The nation’s 134 major railroads
and 1,250,000 of their workers in 18
brotherhoods and unions agreed to
arbitration of their demands for
higher pay.
Meat Almost Normal
More than 250,000 packinghouse
workers returned to meat plants
throughout the nation after the gov
ernment took over operation. Deliv
eries to local butchers approached
normal this weekend as the intricate
meat processing mass production
lines ground back into high gear.
More than 8,'000 Radio Corporation
of America employes obtained a 1714
cent hourly wage increase through
collective bargaining without a seri
ous strike threat. ~ j
A 70-day midwest trucking strike
involving 12.000 AFL drivers was set
tled with the signing of a two-year
contract granting wage increases
ranging between 15 and 18 per cent.
The tieup had stalled long distance
freight and merchandise shipments
in Iowa, Nebraska, Minnesota, Mis
souri, Kansas and the Dakotas.
31 Steel Contracts
In steel, itself, there had been some
activity. Thirty-one companies signed
contracts with the CIO United Steel
workers Union providing wage in
creases of 1814 cents an hour, the
boost recommended by President Tru
man.
With the exception of the Henry J.
Kaiser plant at Fontana, Calif., all
were small fabricating or processing
firms, according to Philip Murray,
CIO president. All but two of them,
Murray said, signed since the strike
of 750,000 steelworkers began. The 31
firms employ 6,400 steel workers.
Stock market prices rose to their
highest levels in nine to 15 yea' 3 with
sales exceeding 3,000,000 shares in a
wave of speculative buying based on
the belief that settlements so far had
set the pattern for other strike-bound
industries.
Meanwhile in Miami, John L. Lewis
)pd his United Mine Wbrkers back
'nto the American Federation of La
bor, boosting its rolls to 6,800,000
Paid-up members. Ten years ago he
had led his mine workers out of the
AFL to found the Congress of Indus
trial Organizations. Later he quit the
CIO over political and personal differ
ences with its leaders.
Lew's asserted it was time for labor
“place its internal house in order”
and marked the return of his miners
to the AFL as the turning point.
In Short . . ;
Charged: At Tokyo War criminal
trials, that American prisoners of war
®ore forced to entertaih at a Japanese
Party celebrating the death of Presi
Qent Roosevelt.
Denied: By Secretary of State
Jones, that American ships ever
ansported to Spain weapons dis
arded by U. S. Army in Europe.
Died: Harry Hopkins, 55, former
oretary of Commerce, WPA admin
aJa!°r’ Lend-Lease chief and special
VeljS 3nt to the late President Roose
2l7Vo‘ed: A “strike against strikes” by
nee, ay County, Neb., farmers in
a of farm tools, machinery, bath
Ubs and refrigerators.
/ ;
’-^
Independence
Experiment to Watch
The world’&colonies with their 300,
000,000 subject peoples, observes John
Foster Dulles, American delegate to
the UNO Trusteeship Committee, pre
sent problems which could cause the
next war/’
On July 4, just five months away,
America will close a great experiment
by granting full and complete inde
pendence to the Philippines. That
coming event long har been a beacon
to peoples struggling towards self
government.
Hie Filipinos will have help in
ruflining their own show. Even now,
future Philippine foreign ministers,
ambassadors and administrators are
graining in Washington and later are
scheduled to serve in American dip
lomatic missions.
America will continue a friendly
economic policy towards the islands.
The present Philippine sugar quota, for
instance, will be kept at 850,000 long
tons even though there is none avail
able this season, thanks to the Japa
nese.
Rehabilitation Funds
The U. S. Senate has approved a
$450,000,000 Philippine rehabilitation
loan and the bill is now before the
House. The Philippines also seek a
$100,000,000 grant from UNRRA
(United Nations Relief and Rehabili
tation Administration). The House
Insular Affairs Committee has pro
posed that the islands be granted
eight years of free trade, after which
duties would be imposed gradually.
Four years of bitter war and its
aftermath have imposed terrific ob
stacles on the Philip pines. Stripped by
Japanese occupation, the island’s
economy is imbalanced and unproduc
tive. It will need millions of dollars
to rebuild, repair and retool. Another
key problem is the strife between
recognized authority and the armed
one-time guerrillas, who now demand
reform, particularly redistribution of
agricultural lands.
Opponents of independence have
maintained for years that chaos will
result when the American flag comes
down. A year from now the answer
will begin to emerge. More than 300,
000,000 subject peoples will be watch
ing.
A TRAITOR'S DEATH
DEFIANTLY SHOUTING, "God save Hungary from these ban
dits," former premier Laszlo de Bardossy is executed in Buda
pest as a traitor. He led his country into war on Germany'? side.
!
TEST: Steel Ships Versus Atomic Bombs
BESIDE the blue, shimmering
waters of Japan’s Inland Sea
stands a city that used to be. Sur
vivors of families who used to call
it home are beginning to straggle
down from the hills to rebuild
houses of bamboo and plaster, return
ing each night to the hills. Streets are
desolate piles of rubble marked by
stark, blackened skeletons of trees
leaning away from the center of the
city.
This is Hiroshima, target of the first
atomic bomb. The city administration
operates from the
burned - out City
Hall, using boxes
for desks. Officials
report a complete
lack of building
material. Every
thing must be
brought in. The de
bris consists almost
entirely of crum
bled brick, stone
and mortar, in crev
ices of which weeds
ADM. BLANDY and wild grasses
grow.
Of this city of 400,000, more than
47,000 were killed outright, 15,000 to
17,000 are still missing, 60,000 more
died from wounds, burns and related
causes. More than 60 per cent of the
city’s 6.9 square miles of built-up
areas was destroyed.
1,000 Times More Powerful
In Tokyo, Gen. MacArthur was
quoted as saying “The bomb dropped
on Hiroshima was equal to 20,000 tons
of TNT. It is already obsolete. We
are now ready with one equal to 20,
000,000 tons of TNT.”
To determine how seapower, this
nation’s traditional first line of de
fense, will stand up against the
world’s most destructive weapon, the
United States will conduct a three
phase experiment. After World War I,
this country sank several German bat
tleships off the Virginia coast in the
first test of air versus seapower but
nothing so colossal as this ever has
been dreamed of before.
The test, whose cost has been esti
mated at $500,000,000, will be in
Quotes
Gen. Charles de Gaulle, former
provisional president of France:
“I have had enough.”
Dr. Robert M. Hutchins, chan
cellor of Chicago University: If
the U. S. were to assume an
atomic war inevitable, “we had
better start the war this morn
ing because only this morning
can we be sure of supremacy in
atom bombs.”
_________ ^DRONES
BOMB PLANE !RADI° CONTROLLED
BOMB rLAIMt OBSERVER PLANES)
‘'2^
3JK11K..JISKSSSlSSEw
BBS? .3 „ under water"
ARTIST S CONCEPTION of atomic bomb tests in the Marshalls.
charge of V. Adm. W. H. P. Blandy,
deputy chief of naval operations for
special weapons.
Test Master Blandy
Blandy, the Navy’s top ordnance
expert, has devoted practically all of
his 33-year professional career to de
veloping and perfecting Are control
procedures and gun design formulas.
He was graduated at the head of his
class at Annapolis in 1913. Now 55, he
was made chief of the Naval Bureau
of Ordnance in February, 1941.
A target fleet of 97 war ships will
play guinea pig. These vessels will in
Science
Music of the Spheres
Early this month the first man-made
contact with the moon was achieved
by the Army Signal Corps which
beamed a radar signal to it, caught its
echo 2.4 seconds later.
In Sydney, Australia, government
radio physicists using radar claimed
they had recorded sound waves gen
erated on the sun, 92,900,000 miles
away. Unlike the Americans who sent
a signal and heard an echo, Australians
recorded a noise on the sun itself.
Man’s success in establishing radar
contact was heralded by scientists as
an opening step toward solving the
age-old question of whether life exists
elsewhere than on the earth.
Said Maj. Gen. Harold McClelland,
Army Air Forces, air communications
officer: “If sufficient power could be
generated to get signals out through
millions of miles of space to reach the
planets, intelligence could be simply
transmitted.
“And if intelligent human life exists
beyond the earth such signals could be
answered. We might even find thaf
other planets had developed tech
niques superior to our own.”
elude four Aautka® bsttleships, two
heavy cruisefs, If. destroyers, eight
submarines and a host of LSTs and
LCIs. The Japanese battleship Na
gato and the German heavy cruiser
Prinz Eugen will be among them.
The scene of the first two tests will
be Bikini Atoll in the Marshall
Islands, 2,096 miles from Pearl Har
bor and 2,442 miles from Japan. The
ships will be moored in a coral
fringed lagoon about 22 miles long
and 12 to 15 miles wide.
The first test, scheduled for early
May, will be a bomb burst several
hundred feet above the surface, di
rectly over the anchored fleet. The
second, tentatively set for July 1, will
be a bomb burst at surface level
among the assembled vessels.
The third phase, sometime next
year, will be a deep water test in the
open sea.
Crossroads of Future
The project has been designated of
ficially as “Crossroads." Under Adm.
Blandy it will be conducted by a task
force of naval and military personnel
and a board of scientists to record
data.
Target ships will be so placed as to
give effects varying from probable de
struction to negligible damage. Army
tanks and artillery will be mounted
on some of the decks to observe their
vulnerability to atomic damage.
Data also will be recorded by
drones (unmanned radio - controlled
planes) flying close to the target
area and by automatically controlled
movie cameras in specially protected
concrete shelters on the atoll.
A supporting fleet of 50 vessels will
patrol the area and provide vantage
points for official observers at a safe
distance.
Possible Factors
On the basis of extensive study of
the three bombs exploded so far—the
New Mexico test and two attacks on
Japan—naval, military and scientific
experts anticipate:
In the wake of the initial pressure
blast, a wind ranging from 500 to
1,000 miles an hour. (Any wind
above 75 miles an hour is of hurri
cane force.)
In the center of the “ball of fire”
measuring about a third of a mile in
diameter, heat ranging up to 100,000,
000 degrees Fahrenheit. (Some steels
melt at between 2,000 and 3,000 de
grees.)
In the second test with a bomb
burst at sea level, creation of a wave
100 feet high. (The ring of atoll reefs
presumably will decrease this some
what as it rolls seaward.)
The bomb’s smoke plume, which
immediately after explosion contains a
deadly radioactive burden, will drift
over Eniwetok, a major Marshall
island just 170 miles to the west, in a
few hours.
KEEPING HER GUARD UP
*
^.
NAVY DIVE BOMBERS and fighters roar over new 45,000-ton
carrier Franklin D. Roosevelt in shakedown cruise.
Crime
Youth on the Loose
The Federal Department of Justice
announced this week a program to
•curb juvenile crime. Attorney General
Clark said he would appoint a special
panel of 25 churchmen, educators,
businessmen and welfare workers to
help draft remedial measures.
Statistics on teen-age crime were
alarming. The FBI reported a recent
nationwide survey showed more 17
year-olds arrested than any other age
group, 21 per cent of all arrests were
of persons under 21. Since 1939, arrests
of girls under 18 increased 198 per cent.
“When 70 per cent of adult criminals
are known to have been delinquent in
their youth,” said Clark, “such a dis
ful situation should be curbed.”
This & That
• In Long Beach, Calif., Tony Freese
isn't crying over spilt milk with butter
as scarce as it is. When his dairy truck,
carrying 2,100 pounds of butter, caught
fire, he dumped 30 gallons of milk on
the blaze, saved butter and truck to
boot.
• In Atlanta, Christmas was just
around the corner when Jimmy Cash,
6, was hit by a car, severely injured.
When he recovered consciousness Jan
uary 6, Jimmy couldn’t talk. Last week
he said his first words: “When’s
Christmas?” Santa dropped into the
hospital next day.
• In Moseow, the Soviet Union re
ported its population as 193,000,000, of
whom 100,000,000 were born after the
Red revolution in 1917.
LieNamed
UNOHead
THE most important individual
post in the United Nations
Organization is that of Secretary
General. In addition to demand
ing executive, administrative and
diplomatic capabilities of the
highest order, the post carries with it
the power to call to the attention of the
Security Council any situation in the
world that threatens peace and se
curity.
After a deadlock of two weeks, the
Big Five powers agreed unanimously
this week on Trygve Lie, 50, Norway’s
foreign minister. Lie (pronounced
Lee) was then formally nominated by
the 11-member Security Council. His
election by the General Assembly is
considered a formality.
Lie, a lawyer-diplomat, was a com
promise choice. The Soviet Union for
merly supported either Stanoje
Simitch, Yugoslav ambassador to the
United States, or Wincenty Rzy
mowski, Polish foreign minister. The
U. S. and Britain proposed Lester Pear
son, Canadian ambassador to Wash
ington.
The Russians objected to Pearson
primarily because he was a North
American and the permanent home of
the UNO was to be in the U.S. Lie was
suggested as a compromise by Edward
R. Stettinius, Jr., and accepted with
alacrity by the Soviets.
There was a concerted drive by del
egates to wind up organizational busi
ness of the first General Assembly
session this coming week. The sub
committee inspecting sites in the U.S.
for a permanent home for the world
peace organization turned in its re
port.
In addition to the designation of Lie
for the $20,000-a-year post as Secre
tary-General, the delegates during the
past week listed these significant ac
complishments:
Election of Paul Henri Spaak of
Belgium as president of the Assembly.
The Security Council ordered chiefs
of staff of the Big Five to begin mo
bilizing a world peace army.
Authorized creation of five commis
sions under the Economic and Social
Council, namely: Human Rights, Em
ployment, Statistics, Social and Nar
cotics Control.
Filibuster
Old Southern Custom
“Why, yes,” said Sen. Theodore G.
Bilbo, “it so happens I do intend to
speak—30 days or so.”
Sen. (The Man) Bilbo didn’t intend
to let the filibuster, started January 17
by his Southern Democratic colleagues
against the Fair Employment Practice
bill, die for want of effort. The free
wheeling talker from Pearl River,
Miss., is the Senate’s present filibuster
champion by virtue of his 12% hour
oratorical marathon last summer, also
against the FEPC.
“If the opposition wants to run 24
hours a day,” said Bilbo, “we are abso
100-per-cent-luteIy ready.” Because
he had so many other subjects to dis
cuss, Bilbo said it was unlikely he
would get around to reading passages
from his new book on race relations, to
be published in March, entitled: “Take
Your Choice—Separation or Mongreli
zation.”
The longest filibuster on record oc
curred just 100 years ago against the
Oregon Act; it lasted two months.
Advocates of the FEPC bill, designed
to prevent discrimination against job
seekers because of race, religion or col
or, still hoped/o break the filibuster by
application of the cloture rule—a pro
cedure by which the Senate, by a two
thirds vote, can limit debate.
The catch was filing the petition for
cloture. Southerners detoured the Sen
ate from its regular business and for
nearly two weeks talked, technically,
on corrections to the journal (min
utes).
(All Right! Reierved. AP Newsfeaturnj