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Inter - American News for English - Speaking peoole sth YEAR ° * „ SAI > ROMAN C. tV SMITH S SMITH President Vice President Vice President FRANCISCO AOUIKRE HORACIO AGUIRRR Vice President end Publisher Vice President Editor and Manaee' Antonio Rul2 Eiiseo Rlera-G6mez Manaeinr Editor Advt * Clrc Mer Published dail* except Monflav - Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. oo February 8 195 b EDITORIAL THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE FOR LATIN AMERICAN AFFAIhS VISITS DIARIO LAS AMERICAS The Honorable Roy R. Rubottom, Assistant Secretary of State for Latin American Affairs, in his usual display of human cordiality, of Pan Americanist feelings, and of de mocratic friendship towards the press, visited the offices of DIARIO LAS AMERICAS, where this high official of the Government of the United States is highly respected and admired. During his friendly and interesting conversation, Mr. Rubottom confirmed to us his faith and his enthusiasm regarding the present and the future of the Inter-American System, and in the relations between the United States and each and all the Republics that form that System. Fully aware of the realities of our Continent, inspired by his friendship towards Latin America, which is easily adverted in him even to the detail of the correctness with which he speaks the Spanish language, the Assistant Secre tary of State wins confidence with his friendliness and his ideological sincerity. In his statements made on the occasion of his visit to DIARIO LAS AMERICAS, Mr. Rubottom expressed ge nerous concepts with respect to the job being done by this newspaper in the field of Inter-American relations, which we greatly appreciate in all their meaning. Undoubtedly, the Latin American countries have in Mr. Rubottom an excellent friend, a U.S. Government official who from his high office does everything within his power to strengthen the ties of Inter-American solidarity and to orient the relations among the twenty-one Republics through a course of cordiality and international coordi nation. We have been greatly honored by this visit of the Assistant Secretary of State as well as by his generous concepts regarding our Editors and the job being done by our paper, and take this opportunity to express our wishes that Mr. Rubottom may keep on being, within the State Department in Washington, a factor of Inter-American cooperation and friendship. Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports VENEZUELA BUILDING GREAT HARBOR AT PUERTO CABELLO WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) Venezuela will have one of the most complete maritime installa tions in the entire Caribbean area when construction now underway at Puerto Cabeilo, the country’s second largest port, is completed. A huge concrete dry dock, cap able ot handling ships up to 30,000 tons, is being rushed to comple tion in a valley two miles east of Puerto Cabeilo. The dry dock is the first step of a project that includes two shipyards, 15 wharves numerous workshops and an access canal to an artificial bay. The Min istry of Public Works of Venezue la is investing $12,000,000 in the project. The access canal, 2,300 yards long will permit vessels to navi gate from (he sea through a valley to the drydock which has been sunk into the ground, its top level with the earth’s surface. Operating on the same principle as a ship lock, the dry deck will receive a vessel as it floats in. When gates are closed, water is pumped out at the rate of 186,000 gallons per minute. The dry dock will accomoodate tankers with a length up to 759 feet, a beam ol 111 feet and a depth of 40 feet. It will be of major importance both to Venezuela’s Navy and Mer chant Marine. Nine new destroy ers nave recently been added to the nation’s fleet, and the Gov ernment-owned Venezuelan Navi gation Company has acquired ten new cargo ships for its United States and European runs. At pre sent all such vessels must seek dry dock service in U.S. ports or at nearby Dutch-owned Curacao. Venezuelan heavy industry also plan* to take advantage of the new Puerto Cabeilo installations. A $300,000,000 petrochemical plant t> produce fertilizers, explosives, plastics, syntheti rubber and gaso lene I' now undei construction ten miles from the port. A new 20-inch oil pipeline, stretching 210 miles from Bari nas. has its terminal near the port. The first section of the country's national railroad building program a 110-mile line from Puerto Cabe ilo to the important agricultural center of Barquisimeto is nearing completion, as is a superhighway from the port to Valencia, 34 miles away MEXICAN LIGHT CO. GETS EXIWBANK LOAN TORONTO (UP)- The Mexican Light and Powei Company, which has its headquarters ip Toronto and operates in Mexico, received an 11 million dollar loan from the The Americas daily For a better understanding between the Amenta i World Bank to increase their elec tric power in Mexico. An official of the company re vealed that the total cost of the expansion program which the com pany is now carrying out, will reach 28 million dollars. The World Bank's loan will cover the cost of equipment which the company will import. This loan, a 20 year loan, will pay -i and 5-8 per cent interest. The payments will start on the 15th of September, next year. The Mexican government guarantees the loan. Thp company says that it will en large transmission systems and powei outpu and increase power capacity by more or less 95,000 kilowatts which is about 20 per cent VENEZUELAN FIRM TO GET U. S. CONTRACT PORT-AU-PRINCE (UP)— A Venezuelan company, it was learn ed jy the U P., presented a lower I bid tnan its compeditor a U. S. | Company, foi the contract of con j structing the new U.S. Foreign and Diplomatic Office building in this Capitai. The project W'U make it possible for the U. S. diplomatic mission to vaca'f the antiquated building in which it is now located. Travelers consider it the worst U.S. office in the Western Hemisphere. The Anderson Constructing Company of Caracas, offered to finish the new Foreign Office in 300 days for $531,000 which was $168,000 less than the bid made by Lessen Lankton, Ziegle and Marhnffer, of Oak Park, Illinois, which was the other compeditor. CHILEAN AIRLINES TO GET HEARING WASHINGTON (UP)—The 13th of February has been set as the date (or a hearing regarding the Chilean National Airline’s request for authorization to operate in the U. S. ( The date was set in a conference neld by representatives of the South American company with Herbert K. Bryan, Examinor of the Civil Aeronautics Board, who will conduct the aonference and later give his recommendations to the full Board. The Chilean line has requested the Board’s permission to work the Santiago de Chile-Miami route, with stop overs in Lima, Guaya quil and Panama. The only other line which, up.to now has intervened in the proce dure if the Compania Nacional de Turismo A6reo which, for more than two years, has had authoriza tion for the Santiago de Chile-Mia mi-New York route, with stop overs I in Lima, Panama and Havana. Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ BRAZIL The raising of live stock is a basic factor of the Bra zilian economy and represents the mair source of wealth in certain regions. Extensive areas of grass land piovide good natural pasture, in particular the rolling prairies of Rio Grande do Sul, with their fine herds of Hereford and Polled An gus In the uplands of the states of Minas Gerais Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and Parana Dutch and Jersey cattle supply the cities with dairy produce. The humped Bra hama or Zebu is widely bred and crossbred all over the country. The Ministry of Agriculture im ports animals of pure breeds which are sold to cattlemen for crossing with native stock. Gov ernment assistance is provided by the National Department of Ani mal Production, which employs a large staff of skilled veterinarians with well equipped laboratories for research in the fields of munology. pathology, and pest control, as well as the practical ap plication and dissemination of new and more efficient techniques. Re cent statistics enumerated the head of livestock as follows: cat tle, 55 million; swine, 26 million; sheep, 16 milPon; goats, 10 mil lion, horses, 9 million; asses and mules, 8 million The forests o f Brazil are among the richest in the world in oil bearing fruits, gums, resins, essen tial oils, waxes, timber, cellulose, fibers and other products. It is re ported than mo-e than 50.000, or about one fourth of the known species of plants, can be found in Brazil. This prodigious variety of plants, together with resources of the vast area under forest (about 865 million acres or 1,350,000 square miles), gives some idea of the extent of the country’s natural resources, and the role Brazil plays as one of the world's great sup pliers of vegetable raw materials. The babasii palm alone, it is be lieved, could meet the require ments of the world as regards laur ic acid. The Brazil nut tree, whose fruit is so popular in the United States, Canada and England, is a native of the Amazon Basin. Throughout the country, oil-bearing plants are cultivated, yielding peanut, castor, cottonseed, linseed, tung (china wood 1 and thei oils. The car nauba palm yields carnauba wax, the uses of which range from pho nograph records to explosives. Co paiba oil is widely used in me dicine. The demand and production of rubbei is having considerable in crease, to the point where produc ers cannot keep up with the de mand of the manufacturers. Brazilian timber is of fine quali ty and ranges from wood so light that it can replace cork, to the Brazilian pepper-tree with a den sity one and a half times that of water. The greatest demand, how evei is for Parana pine, which grows in the southeastern states in stands that comprise about two hundred million trees. To provide sacking for farm pro ducts, Brazil used to import 25,- 000 tons of Indian jute every year, until a careful study of the pro perties of native fiber plants led to their intensive exploitation. As a result, Brazil has been producing enough fiber for more than 15 years to supply its rope and bur lap factories, and has a surplus for export. Spanish Version Page 3 Red Infiltration Plans Revealed RIO DE JANEIRO (UP) —The head of the Federal Police, Amau ry Kruel, presented a final and secret report to the Government and Justice Minister, Enrico Sa lles, in which he points out that during the conference held in Mos cow the Communist Party prepar ed plans for communist infiltra tion in Brazil. The announcement is made by “Diario O Jornal,” which says that the report was prepared by the chief of the Political Police, Co lonel Danilo Nunez. According to this document, com munist leader Luis Carlos Prestes attended the Moscow meeting aft er escaping from Brazil with a So viet visa which he obtained in Mon tevideo. The newspaper says that Brazil ian authorities were informed of the meet'ng and plans by the U. S. Secret Service and that the do cument says that the Secret Po lice has irrefutaole proofs that the Czechoslovakian, Polish, and Hun garian Legations are the center of communist espionage here This is the last report which the Minister will study before con voking a Security Council Assem bly to make a decision about re newing relatione with the Soviet Union. MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, JANUARY 18, 1958 Mi ■P* P . jppPPRH „ 'Hk 111 w*' i V fj, 'M <'.£/s&' - I -V' ’ • * ‘ . c * Jr#* pf I 9 £. - v; w HIP XW £ ' ' iyjl- SN •-/' BmP • W -f «, . 1 mm mJrAr riild® I DISTINGUISHED VISITOR—Mr. Roy R. Rubottom, U. S. Assistant Secretary of State for Latin Ame rican Affairs (left) appears in this photo with our Editor, Dr. Horacio Aguirre, at the entrance to our building, during a courtesy visit the distinguished friend of Latin America paid us. “We have a common objective; To strengthen the Inter American System,” he declared. (Photo Americas Daily by Gort). Strengthening Inter American System Important Objective of U. S. Policy Declares Assistant Secretary of State Rubottom • During a Visit to THE AMERICAS DAILY “It is for me a great pleasure to be here at DIARIO LAS AMERI CAS. in the first place to get ac quainted with the staff of this great newspaper as I already knew its Publisher, Dr Francisco Agui rre, and its Editor, Dr. Horacio Aguirre, for whom I have great admiration and friendship; and in the second place because DIARIO LAS AMERICAS has at its princi pal goal a better understanding be tween the United States and the Latin American countries, which coincides, precisely, with one of the most important objectives of the foreign policy of the United States,” said the Hon. Roy R. Ru bottom, Assistant Secretary of State for Latin American Af fairs, during a friendly visit to our offices last Tuesday, when he came to Miami to deliver a most interesting speech at the monthly meeting of the Miami Chamber of Commerce and the United Nations Association of Greater Miami. “We have as a main objective the strengthening of the Inter- American System, which is the most advanced and the oldest as sociation of nations among the re gional international organizations of the world stated our illustri ous visitor and the better the understanding is among the na tions forming the Inter American System, that is the OAS the bet ter it will function.” When Mr Rubottom speaks on the subject of Inter American rela tions, his sincere enthusiasm and his ideological convictions of the importance of these relations are quite evident. With his diplomatic background in the fidld of Inter American affairs he can talk with assurance on these matters, which due also to his h’gh position in the U. S. Federal Government, con cern him most. What is the scope of Secretary ; of State Dulles’ suggestion re- I garding the liaison between OAS and NATO and other regional organizations? we asked Mr. Rubottom. “I believe that when he made that suggestion, the Secretary of State was thinking of two condi tions now prevailing in the world,” said Mi. Rubottom. “In the first place, fne one determined by this reality: The UN, despite its great moral strength and its well earned importance, has not HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief MIAMI PAPERS ARE THANKED BY CUBAN • HAVANA (UP)— The English language newspaper “Times of Ha vana” thanked Miami, Fla., news papers and New York District At torney Frank Hogan “for all you have done” to attract tourists to Cuba. “Labelling our fair city as ‘notor ious’ has done more for the tour ist business than anything since Esquire’s (magazine) on the ‘Sexiest City in the World,” the newspaper said in an editorial. “Let’s face it very few peo ple come down here to see Morro Castle and the Capitol building. . . glamorizing Havana as another Tangiers makes people flock down here. . .keep up the good work,” Times of Havana said. At the same time, it reported yet achieved its mission complete ly due to the abuse of the veto power by the Soviet Union. In the second place, the condition deter mined by this other reality. The present day situation is such that any disturbance in the world, es pecially of a small or large scale war more than ever constitutes a threat to world peace and no coun try would remain outside the rea ches of a war.” “In view of these two conditions The Assistant Secretary of State for Latin American Affairs added the strengthening of the re giona associations of countries of the free world have great priority and importance. Secretary of State Dulles advanced this idea and now it is up to the American States to decide if it is or not to their advantage to implement nis proposition.” “What Secretary of State Dulles had in mind was the exchange of information, of know how, of the kind of experience in which the OAS occupies the first place among the regional groups of the world, and the Secretary made it clear that he was thinking of one re gional group meddling in the af fairs of the others.” Did you read, Mr. Rubottom, the statements made in Tegucigalpa to the Publisher of DIARIO LAS AMERICAS by the President of the Honduras, Doctor Ramon Vi lleda Morales, regarding the sub ject of the liaison between the OAS and NATO? “Yes, I read with great interest the statements given to the Pub lisher of DIARIO LAS AMERICAS, Dr. Francisco Aguirre, by the Pre sident of Honduras, Doctor Raman Villeda Morales, who, like some of his other colleagues Chiefs of State accepted in principle Secretary Du lles’ idea. After a brief tour of our dif ferent departments and through the composing and press rooms of this newspaper which, according to Mr. Rubottom’s own words, he reads daily in Washington with utmost interest, the high U. S. Gov ernment official left with our Edit or for the Miami International Air port, where he took a plane back to Washington. He had won, a few hours before, the applause of all those who heard him deliver his magnificent speech on the subject of communism in the Americas. editorially that It bad sent Hogan as a belated Christmas present a “compass and map. . .as we un derstand you have been having a little trouble locating people.” Hogan announced last week he had sent out a 48-state alarm for big-time gamblers Joseph Silesi and Santo Trafficante for question ing about the murder of Alberto Anastasia. Both are Havana resi dents and can be seen nightly at the local plush casinos. TRAILER CARAVAN GOING TO MEXICO MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Tourist Bureau said it had been advised that the annual “Wally Byam Trailer Tour” from Califor nia would enter the Republic through Nogales, (Sonora) the first week in February. The three-year-old annual house- Chiriboga to Receive From Truman a Plane, Gift of Kansas City WASHINGTON Jan. 17 (UP)— Ex President Harry S. Truman will present the Ecuadorean Gov ernment with a plane bought with contributions from the people of Kansas City. The announcement, says that Ecuadorean Ambassador Jose R. Chiriboga will go to Kansas City, Mo., to receive the plane, which is a combination of propeller plane and helicopter, during a ceremony next Sunday. The idea of the gift was of Kan sas City mayor Roe Bartle, who works with commendable enthu siasm for the strengthening of re lations between the U.S. Middle West and Latin America. Chiriboga said that after his trip to Kansas City he will go to Milwaukee, where he has been in vited to lecture at Marquette Uni versity. His visit will coincide with the opening at the University of an exhibition of Ecuadorean co lonial art. Foreign Experts to Watch Voting in Costa Rica UNITED NATIONS (UP) Three foreign electoral experts will go to Costa Rica, at the request of (he ‘ San Jose government to observe the Presidential elections the 2nd of February. The Costa Rican Ambassador to the United Nations, Dr. Alberto Canas, announced that his govern ment, some time ago, asked the Secretary General, Dag Hammar skjold, to suggest names of possi ble observers. “Hammarskjold said Carias gave us a list of some 30 or 35 experts on electoral questions in all parts of the world.” “Recently, the Foreign Minister of my country met with the dif ferent Presidential candidates and with them made the selection of three possible observers: A'Chil ean, a Canadian and a Swiss. trailer caravan carries around 300 peoole from various California cit ies, the Bureau said. The convoy makes a yearly trek down Mexico’s westeoast to MazatlSn, but plans to extend to Acapulco this year if time permits, the Bureau said. AMBASSADOR hill on INSPECTION TOUR MEXICO CITY (UP)— U. S. Ambassador Robert C. Hill is on an inspection tour of American consulates in Northern Mexico. The Ambassador, accompanied by his wife and eight Embassy of ficials, left yesterday for his six day tour. His tour will include the con sulates in Ciudad JuSrez, Piedras Negras, Nuevo Laredo and Mon terrey. While in Monterrey, the Ambas sador and his group will attend Ambassador Smith Hopes Cuban Govt. Will Restore Guarantees Before June WASHINGTON, Jan. 17 (UP)— Earl E. T. Smith U. S. Ambassador to Cuba, said that “we hope the Cuban government will re-estab lish constitutions, guarantees” be fore the elections convoked for June. The diplomat stated, in a press conference that the U. S. hopes that the Cuban government car ries out its December 14th an nouncement which promises to re store constitutional guarantees before the 27th of January’. “Afterwards he added we hope that the elections which will be held will be acceptable to the Cuban people.” Smith explained that be was in Batista to Blame for Cuban Tragedy Dr. Hevia Declares “The blame of what is happening in Cuba; corruption, destruction of human rights, tortures, and mys terious deaths, should be placed on the dictatorship of Batista”, said Engineer Carlos Hevia. ex- President of Cuba, and ex-Foreign minister of his country, in a short interview with THE AMERICAS DAILY. “For this reason—added Hevia —the persons which make up the parties and organizations of the revolutionists do not want to waste their efforts, unless all Cuba fights against the dictatorship. All of these persons have suffered and are now suffering, the Cuban tragedy and most of those who have fallen have families, friends, and companions in more than one group, since this is the bond of the Cuban family.” “Recently we have read —said in conclusion our distinguished guest—about the feats of the courageous forces headed by Fidel Castro, and I am sure that all the organizations yearning for freedom in Cuba, each one of them within its own possibilities, will make efforts of joint action, to bring back to Cuba, in one way or another, respect for human life, freedom and peace.” Thousands Left Homeless in Panamti by Devastating Fire Get U. S. Help PANAMA, Jan. 17 (UP)— The U. S. Army established several emergency kitchens in the Pan amanian Olympic Stadium to feed some 2.000 persons who were left homeless yesterday as the re sult of a fire which razed three blocks of wcodpn homes. It is estimated that some 800 persons slept on the Stadium ben ches and in tents which were ra pidly installed by the Army. It is believed that today some 1,000 per sons will take advantage of these places, with the arrival of the homeless which spent last night in parks and other public places. The U. S. Army Engineer Corps of the Panama Canal tore down the buildings which were serously af fected by the fire in order to pre vent new cave-ins and possible victims, as there has been none up to now. It was announced that the de fense system of the Panama Ca nal would be able to supply the needs of the victims using its own food and cooks. The fire caused damages estimat ed at $350,000 and some 20 per sons were hospitalized. a concert by the San Antonio (Te xas) Symphony Orchestra, current ly visiting the Nuevo Le&n Capital. MEXICO TO DEPORT SEVEN HEMISPHERE NATIONALS MEXICO CITY (UP)— Seven nationals of six American Coun tries will be deported within the next few days, Immigration Offi cials announced. They were arrested for illegal entry or for not having their doc uments in order, officials said. They refused to give the names of the foreigners “to keep friends or relatives from interposing court injunctions to prevent their de portation.” The arrested are from Colom bia, Cuba, Venezuela, Guatemala, Chile and Canada, officials said. Member Inter American Prom Association • For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 165 Washington to inform the State Department about the political and economic situation- in the neigh boring Island. He said that four Cuban opposi tion parties have made steps to wards participating in the electoral campaign with their sights pointed at the elections of June Ist. “The U.S. recognizes the present government of Cuba and her rela tions with it are those which are maintained towards a sister Ame rican republic, said the diplomat.” “We maintain a policy of non-par cialit.y and non-intervention in the internal affairs of Cuba. The U.S. Embassy closely adheres to this policy.” “T am convinced that the Cuban government, as well as the opposi tion fully understand that this is our policy and that they respect it.” “Our ather hope it that the Cu ban government will fully re-estab lish constitutional guarantees,” said smith ‘On the 14th of Dec ember the Cuban government pub licly announced that it had the in tention of lifting the suspension of constitutional guarantees at the end of the new 45 day period. This period will end on the 27th of January. After this, we hope that the elections will be acceptable to the Cuban people.” Rebels Killed by Cuban Army Force , HAVANA. Jan 17 (UP)— Gov ernment forces battled about 200 insurgents in rebel-infested East ern Cuba yesterday in a clash that left at least four anti-government gunmen dead, it was reported to day Semi-official sources said the re bels were on the way back to hideouts in the Sierra Maestra mountains after attacking a 12- man army autpost at Veguitas when they were intercepted by troops from Yara. Four rebels were killed in the clash, which occurred in Estrada Palma. Unconfirmed reports said “several” others were killed at Ve guitas. ★ ★ ★ Chamorro's Book Accuses Somozas of Cruelty Acts MEXICO, F. D. Now circulat ing under the title of “Bloody Stock” is a book of a political category authored by Pedro Joa quin Chamorro, in which he tells of the torture suffered by him and his jailmates at the Palace oceup ed in Managua by the Somoza brothers, Luis and Anastasio, im mediately after the death of the President of Nicaragua, General Anastasio Somoza. The front cover of the book has a photograph showing one of the torture victims at the moment he was going down into a pit, and the back cover shows Mr. Chamorro and his wife Violeta Barrios de Chamorro in a picture taken some where across the Nicaraguan border in April 1957, right after the spectacular escapade of the author from the prison where he had been sent by a Military Tri bunal. Mrs. Chamorro shared with her husband the risks of that adventure. The book has been described as of great human interest by all those who have read it, and contains accounts and details, in cluding names of people and places as well as dates, which give the book, in the middle of the demo cratic tragedy it describes, extra ordinary importance not only for Nicaraguans, but for the people of other countries of America as well. Chamorro basically accuses the Chief of the Armed Forces, General Anastasio Somoza Debayle, of the tortures described in his book. Pedro Joaquin Chamorro now lives in Costa Rica, is the Editor in exile of La Prensa, and is also a member of the Board of Direc tors of the Inter-American Press Association. During the annual meeting of the Association, held last October in Washington, D. C., when the case of the Government of Nicaragua came to the consideration of the conference, Doctor Chamorro denounced many of the tortures mentioned in his book. This book was printed recently by “Impresora Juan Pablos”, under supervision of Hernan Robleto and Jos* Maria Lugo.