Inter - American News
for English •
Speaking people
6th YEAR
G. A SAN ROMAN. C. W SMITH, S. SMITH,
President. Vice President Vice President.
FRANCISCO AGUIRRE, HORACIO AGUIRRE,
Vice President and Publisher Vice President Editor and Manager
Antonio Ruiz, Thomas A Hill,
Managing Editor Advertising Manager
Published dally except Monday Entered as second mass matter at the
Post Office of Miami Springs. Fla., on February 3. 1954
EDITORIAL
VI ANNIVERSARY OF THE COMMONWEALTH
OF PUERTO RICO
On this anniversary, of great significance for thje noble
Puerto Rican people, THE AMERICAS DAILY renews its
homage of sympathy for that country, whose political
maturity has made outstanding progress in the affairs of
the civilized world.
The fact that there are still some persons who do not
understand the facts about Puerto Rico, and doubt the
great freedom the people enjoy, because it is not an in
dependent Republic, does not mean that in Puerto Rico,
under the new constitutional formula of the Commonwealth,
there is no full enjoyment of local autonomy and of the
benefits of the republican system. There is more freedom
and administrative good judgment, as well as more indepen
dence of opinion in relation with the United States, than in
many States having the title of Republics, but where the
life of the citizens has immense and humilliating political
limitations, and where, for multiple reasons of convenience
for the Governments, there is less independence of official
opinion with regard to that of Washington.
In a plebiscite of authentic democratic origin, by over
whelming majority, the Puerto Rican people accepted the
formula of the Commonwealth, within which they are
developing their political personality and their economic
and social life, in a manner compatible with human dignity,
with democratic freedom and, above all, with the reality
of the Puerto Rican environment.
In foreign countries, among certain elements, for lack
of adequate information or because of excessive political
romanticism, it is believed that the Puerto Rican people
want to have a Republic, and it is believed that it is not
so because the United States does not allow it, and because
some of the political leaders of Puerto Rico support the
wishes of Washington. Fortunately, Puerto Rico is getting
to be known to the world more and more every day, more
people visit it and admire its democratic institutions and
its new way of life, and that erroneous conception is disap
pearing, because the truth is that neither the United States
opposes independence for Puerto Rico, nor the Puerto
Rican people want it. If Puerto Ricans really wanted in
dependence, they would have obtained it already, as the
Philippines did; that is a case which has certain similarity
with Puerto Rico because of the historical origin of their
independence from Spain, but which, for the aims of in
dependence, or the conveniences of it, is different.
On this occasion, THE AMERICAS DAILY extends
cordial greetings to all Puerto Rican residents of Miami,
who constitute one of the most characteristic groups of
the community, and expresses its wishes that, in the “Island
of Charm”, democracy and social wellbeing continue
flourishing, with outstanding realizations, both economic
and cultural.
.. J ★
HOMAGE TO BOLIVAR
In commemoration of the birth of Liberator Simon
Bolivar —yesterday, the 24th of July— the government of
the United States solemnly put into circulation a stamp
with the effigy of the genial South American statesman, an
extraordinary figure of universal freedom.
Great transcendence will have this gesture of the
United States in paying this deserved tribute to Simon
Bolivar, whose gloria are the heritage of humanity.
On commenting briefly of this act, THE AMERICAS
DAILY renews its respect and sympathy to the illustrious
memory of the Liberator, the hero and visionary who forged
Republics with his thoughts and his sword.
Latin American Finance
and Trade News Reports
Argentina Reported to Have
Reached Oil Agreement With
U. S. And German Companies
WASHINGTON (UPI)- U S
officials were closely following re
poru that Argentina has reached
an oil drilling agreement with
German and United States Com
panies.
But in the absence of any official
confirmation they declined to eva
luate the reported move. State De
pgrtament officials charged with
economic policy for the Western
Hemisphere were still at work
three hours after the official close
of business.
It was understood that they were
analyzing various reports claiming
representatives of the U. S. com
panies had reached an agreement
with Argentine Ambassador Cesar
Barros Hurtado here Monday.
Although the envoy repreatedly
denied Having reached any agree
ment before he flew to Buenos
Aires Tuesday, other diplomatic
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5 Cents—Outside Metropolitan area, 10 cents.
sources acknowledged that he has
been conferring with Richard C.
Battei son and George E. Allen,
two of the principal representa
tives ot the U.S. companies.
As ha“ been previously report
ed. tnere were considerable indi
cations here that an announce
ment oi a change in Argentina’s
policy was expected momentarily
from President Arturo Frondizi.
Officials here were under the
impression that the principal ne
gotiations were being conducted
in Buenos Aires and expressed
some surorise over reports that an
agreement had been reached in
Washing'on.
NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL
COUNCIL rORMED
GUATEMALA The newly au
thorized National Agricultural
Council has been formed as an ad
visory oody to the Ministery of
Agriculture. The council is made
up ot representatives from the
various private agricultural asso
ciations. the Chamber of Industry
and the Univeisity of San Carlos
School of Agriculture Members
serve on an ad honorem basis.
The Amelias Daily
Prado Stronger
After Abortive
Peru Red Plot
LIMA, July 24 (UPI) The
prestige of the government of Pre
sident Manuel Prado was affirmed
after the police blocked commu
nist efforts to hold a meeting in
San Martin Plaza, where large po
litical gatherings are held in this
city.
Know thy
Neighbor
By ANTONIO RUIZ
MEXlCO—(Continued) When,
: after meeting the Prince, Cortes
i ordered his army to march for
ward, great crowds came to watch,
so many of them that they were
I in the way. The road followed the
edge of the lake for a while, then
crossed it by- means of a bridge
“as wide as a horseman’s spear”,
according to a letter of Cortes to
the King of Spain, Huge crowds
also gathered on both sides of the
bridge, to gaze in amazement at
the strangers.
Following the first bridge, they
came to a city on a peninsula,
which had twelve thousand houses,
half built on land, half on water,
many of them with woodwork of
ceder and other pleasant-smelling
kinds of wood, “as good as the
best in Spain”, according to Cor
tes. The people welcomed them
and lodged Cortes in a house whose
walls. were covered with painted
cotton. The house had a garden
with fruit trees and flowers, and
a beautiful pool and patio. The
wall of the patio was decorated
with multi-colored murals.
On November 8, 1519, the Spa
niards marched toward the capital
of Moctezuma’s empire, and were
received by the Emperor, whose
I litter was all covered with gold,
| jewels, and green feather work,
and with a roof of green feather
; work. When the litter was set
down, noblemen of the Emperor’s
court swept the ground with
brooms, then laid down a beautiful
rich cloth for the Emperor to step
on. Three heralds advanced hold
ing golden staffs. Finally, with
great dignity, Moctezuma came
forward, very richly dressed, wear
ing sandals with thick soles of
solid gold, with a nobleman on
, each side of him.
“My Lord, be welcome”, the Em
! peror said to Cortes “you have
arrived in your land, among your
: people. This is what was told us
by the Kings long ago, that you
would return to rule this country".
The Indian crowds were deeply
impressed when they saw Mocte
zuma. who never walked anywhere,
walk beside Cortes and lead him to
the palace built by Moctezuma’s
father, so big that all the Spani
ards and their 2,000 Indian serv
ants and friends had plenty of
room to live in it. Cortes decided
to strike boldly. With a few sol
diers he went one day to the Em
peror’s palace, accused him of hav
ing caused the death of a few Spa
niards on the coast, and insisted
that Moctezuma come to stay in
the building where Cortes lived,
so he could watch him. At last,
after more than four hours urging,
Moctezuma went, but not before
the Spaniards threatened him with
death. Cortes, with Moctezuma in
his power, ruled the wole Mexican
Empire all winter, collecting a
great deal of gold.
Cortes tried very hard to persua
de Moctezuma to stop human sacri
fice. but it was to.no avail, although
he ordered them stopped several
times. Finally, he became so angry
with the Indians who brought him
all the gold that he demanded, but
who would not obey him on re
ligious matters, that he went to the
temple and knocked down one of
their most important idols.
At this'moment, Pknfilo de Nar
vaez had arrived in Veracruz with
a fleet and seven hundred men,
to take Mexico away from Cortes,
who, with two hundred men, hur
ried to the coast to meet him Mes
sengers from Narvaez came and
spoke angrily to Cortes, but he
gave them great quantities of gold.
In the night he captured Narvaez
and then made so many friends
among the fleet members, chat all
of the fleet decided to follow him,
and he returned to the capital
sronger than ever.
Spanish Version Page 3.
For a better understanding between the Americas
MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, JULY 25, 1958
The Breaking up of the pro
posed meeting high-lighted the fi
gure of the new Government Min
ister, Carlos Carrillo Smith.
Scarcely 600 demonstrators ap
peared in the Plaza where some
times as many as 50,000 people
congregate foi political meetings.
The Central Union of Private Em
ployees had organized the meeting
in protest of the “freezing of sala
ries and othei economic measures
of the government.
Thousands of people leaving
their offices and business in the
southex’n part of the city passed
the Plaza, stared at the few de
monstrators, then went on their
way indifferently. The police ar
rested 10 members of the Direc
tive Boa r d of the Central Union
of Private Employees. This Union
had announced that it would not
heed the order of the police to
prohibit the meeting.
A government communique an
nounced that the real reason for
the meet’ng was to attack the Em
bassies of “Friendly countries, in
obedience to communist instruc
tions for all America”. The offices
of the U.S. Embassy are located
in front of San Martin Plaza.
Dr. Pradq will complete two of
his six years as President on the
28th of this month. Under the con
stitution, on this day he should de
liver a message to Congress. Tra
ditionally this message should sa
tisfactorily describe governmental
works during these two years, the
progress of the country, etc. If the
meeting was important as an ex
pression of popular discontent,
Prado’s government would now be
in an embarrassing situation.
The Chief Executive has not af
firmed that the economic situation
in his country is good but he has
said that the growing' difficulties
are due to a fall in the prices of
metals in the world market, and
to the U.S. economic crisis.
EIGHT WOUNDED
LIMA, Peru (UPI) Eight
persons were wounded when po
lice fired on a mob that set fire
to a bus in protest against govern
ment refusal to permit an anti
government rally.
U. S. Navy Denies Puerto Rican Base
Was Originally Planned for Panama
WASHINGTON —(UPI)— The
U.S. Navy denied today that a
$110,540,190 guided missile train
ing base to be built in Puerto Rico
originally was planned for Panama
instead.
A Navy spokesman said that
plans always had called for con
struction of the installation in P.
Rico and it never had been con
templated that the base would be
built in Panama.
There had been speculation in
Panama that the base had been in
tended for that country but had
been switched to Puerto Rieo be
cause of Panamanian reluctance
to agree to radar sites on its ter
ritory.
Testimony released July 18th,
by the House Appriciations Sub-!
committee disclosed that the big
base, which will be- missile train
ing center for the entire United I
States Atlantic Fleet, would be
constructed in Puerto Rico.
HEMISPHERIC EVENTS
Latin American News in Brief
Russian Diplomats
Visiting Chile
SANTIAGO (UPI) It has
been repoi ted that the Commer
cial Attaches ol the Soviet Embas
sy in Buenos Aires, Vasili Ivahov
and Ivan Larsenko, are in this ca
pital.
The Soviet diplomats, it is said,
have come to make commercial
contacts although Chile and the
Soviet Union maintain no diploma
tic relations.
Panamanian Envoy to
Mexico Affirms Canal
Sovereignty Rights
MEXICO CITY. (UPI).
iquihno E. Boyd assumed duties
A Latin American
Should be Invited
to Summit Talks,
Kubitschek Says
WASHINGTON, July 24 (UPI)
It was learned thal the Presi
dent ol Brazil, Juscelino Kubits
chek, in a letter to President Ei
senhower, indicated that he wants
a Latin American country includ
ed in any eotiference ft the East
and West leaders.
Colombia and Panama are mem
bers of the United Nations Securi
ty Council, where it has been pro
posed to hold a summit meeting to
discuss Middle East problems. But
it seems the Brazilian President
based his request on the possibili
ty that the Chiefs of Governments
conference would be held outside
the United Nations.
According to well informed
sources, the Brazilian Chiefs Exe
cutive considers that the Near
East crisis has reached such pro
portions that it has turned into an
actual threat for the entire world.
He has said that Brazil should be
consulted in any major decision
which involves her future.
Last June Kubitschek wrote to
Eisenhower, proposing a “wide”
revision of Inter American rela
tions, with a view towards remov
ing misunderstandings and rees
tablishing Hemispheric unity.
On the 20th of June he proposed
an Inter American conference ‘of
the highest political level”, in or
der to discover new ways of co-or
dinating policies.
BELIEVE U. S. SAILOR
JOINED CUBAN REBELS
WASHINGTON _(UPI)— The
Navy announced that a sailor, on
absence without leave, is presum
ed to ne with the Cuban rebel for
ces.
The sailor was identified as
Charles Bartlett, of Sebastopol,
California, machinist third class.
The announcement said that
Bartlett, a crew member of the
navy gun-boat “Diamond Head”,
has been absent since the 7th of
July.
The Navy does not believe that
he was kidnapped by the Cuban
rebels and has ordered the Militar
y Police to hunt for him.
! | The House testimony also re-
i 1 veaied that the navy plans to
- launch its supersonic Regulus mis
> sile from the Roosevelt Roads Na
i val Air Station on Puerto Rico’s
east coast.
Navy officials told the Subcom
mittee that they expected by the
end of 1961 fiscal year that some
9,885 military and civilian person
nel would be stationed at the new
j training base.
The Navy asked for an imme
diate authoriation of $4,022,000
for the base. This would be used to
construct jet fuel storage and pipe
line facilities, an automatic 600-
line telephone system and a com
munications and radar center.
Navy officers testified that the
installation would be related to
operations at Patrick Air Force
Base near the missile test center
at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
as Panamanian Ambassador to
Mexico, and said “I am profoundly
gratified to serve as head of the
Panamanian Mission in Mexico
and will strive to reaffirm the old
bonds of fraternity that have exis
ted between our two nations since
the time Don Benito Juarez was
granted refuge in Panami.”
He added “for us, Mexico has
always been the champion of all
the freedoms and the defender of
noble causes. From this sentiment
comes the affection that Panama
nian people feel for Mexico, and
it is the reason President Adoifo
Ruiz Co. tines was received with
such enthusiasm when he paid us
the honor of a visit to attend the
meeting of Chiefs of American
States in PanamA”. *
Boyd was received by President
Ruiz Cortines and Foreign Rela-
Mansfield Calls on Latins
to be Active Mediators in
Middle East World Crisis
Dr. Eisenhower
Ends His Visit
in Nicaragua
MANAGUA, Nicaragua —(UPI)
Dr. Milton S Eisenhower left
by plane today for Puerto Rico,
ending a busy three-day visit to
Nicaragua. The brother of Presi
dent Eisenhower is on a fact-find
ing tour of the Central American
republics
During his last day in this ca
pital, Dr. Eisenhower received,
separately delegations of the dif
ferent political parties of Nicara
gua.
At noon yesterday he received
the editors Os the Managua news
papers and representatives so the
foreign press. A formal interview
could not be held, because Mana
gua newsmen tried to talk to him
about local politicas. Dr. Eisen-'
hower told them the United States
does not intervene in internal af
fairs ol other countries, and that
his trip has as objective to ob
serve the economic situation, to be
able to cooperate with each nation
more effectively. He also received
a delegation oi workers.
In the afternoon he said good
bye to President Somoza.
Cuban Cabinet Votes
to Extend Suspension
of Civil Guarantees
HAVANA, Cuba (Ul) Cu
ba’s council of ministers agreed
Wednesday night to suspend con
stitutional guarantees for another
45 days
Congress will meet Thursday,
when the present period expires,
to ratify the extension. It will be
the third consecutive 45-day sys
pension of guarantees —including
freedom of the press— and the
eighth in the past year.
Congressional ratification was a
foregone conclusion. On Saturday,
the 26th of July movement of Fi
del Castro marks its fifth anniver
sary.
Some sources said the rebel
forces may “celebrate” the occa
sion with a determined drive to
break out of the protective ring
thrown around them by Cuban
government forces.
Mrs. Somoza on
Visit to Cannes
CANNES, France (UPI)
Mrs. Salvadora Somoza, the mo
ther of the Nicaraguan President,
Luis Somoza, arrived in Cannes to
spend two days before continuing
on to Rome.
Mrs. Somoza had visited Lourdes
accompanied by her sister, Maria
de Cayo.
The two ladies were met by a
delegation of civilian leaders and
a group of French children, dres
sed in traditional regional cos
tumes, who offered them bouquets
of flowers.
tions Minister Luis Padilla Nervo,
in a credentials-presenting cere
mony at the National Palace, af
terwards he placed the traditional
wreatn on the monument to the j
Boy Heroes of Chapultepec in a
protocol observance.
Afterwards he told newsmen, in
answer to a question “we Pana
manianas consider the territory of
the Canal Zone as Panamanian ter
ritory. We believe that PanamA
has alwavs maintained its sover
eignty over the territory of the
Canal. Thus, we feel that we do
not receive the benefits that in
equity accrue to us and as part
ners in this operation, in which we
have such a vital interest”
ARRANGEMENTS fob
EISENHOWER’S VISIT
GUATEMALA Arrangements
are being made for the upcoming
visit of Pr Milton Elsenhower and
Latin America Can Have Influence
in Easing World Tension, he Says
WASHINGTON, July 24 (UPI)
Democratic Senator, Mike Mans
fiedl. a member of the Senate For
eign Relations Committee and an
expert on U.S. foreign policy, cal
led on Latin America to assume
the role of a more active mediator
in the Near East crisis.
He stated that the “balancing
influence” of the 20 Latin Ameri
can Republics has “been overlook
ed for too long at time” in world
councils and that it should be used
in the service of world peace.
He said that he agreed with the
President of Brazil, Juscelino Ku
bitschek, that the present role of
Latin America in the plan of free
world policy is “much less than it
should be”.
Mansfield, in a United Press In
ternational interview, expressed
these concepts and renewed his
proposition that Ecuador join with
India, Japan, and Switzerland in
a special conference of neutral na
tions lo try to break up the Near
East impasse, if the big powers
are not able to do so in the head
quarters of the United Nations Se
curity Council.
He said that he thought of Ecua
dor when he remembers Galo Pla
za,’ his country s ex-President, who
is presently a member of the
United Nations observers team in
Lebanon, and has an outstanding
reputation in the U.S. as an ad
visor and statesman.
In explaining why he insisted
Latin America take more part in
world affairs, Senator Mansfield
said: “I believe that the Latin
American countries can exercise
a moderating and balancing influ
ence in easing world tension. In
the present crisis we observe that
their history is in sympathy to the
genuine nationalist hopes of the
Arab people, and, at the same time
it is firmly rooted in the demo
cratic traditions of the West”.
Last Friday > Mansfield told the
Senate that, supported by the
United Nations of by a petition
from the large powers, a confer
Flood Strongly Rejects Panama
Students Demands on Canal Zone
WASHINGTON —(UPI)— Re
presentative Daniel J. Flood, in an
address to the House of Represen
tatives, rejected a proposal agitat
ed by Panam4 University students
that the Panamnian flag should
be flown on the Canal Zohe and
by vessels in transit through the
Canal.
He also opposed the students’
demands said to have been made
during Milton Eisenhowe’s recent
visit, that the United States should
abandon business activities in the
Canal Zone,, and Spanish should be
adopted as an official language
Flood said that the Panama
students have been injecting them
selves not only into matters of
domestic concern but also into
questions of foreign policy affect
ingthe relations of the Republic
a distinguished group erf economic
and financial experts expected at
the end of this month. Currently
visiting the other Central Ameri
can republics on a study mission,
Dr. Eisenhower is expected in Gua
temala on or about the 30th of
July.
ATOMIC ENERGY
GROUP VISITS
GUATEMALA A group of
atomic energy experts sent by the
International Atomic Energy Or
ganization is m Guatemala. The
group is headed by Dr. Norman
Hilberry director of the Argonne
Laboratory in the U.S., and in
cluded among others, Dr. Alfred
Carcasses, assistant director of the
Saclay atomi- energy center in
France, and Dr. Harold Sheard,
technical advisor of Great Britain’s
Harwell center.
Member In*** American
Press Association
•
For Liberty, Culture and
Hemispheric Solidarity
NUMBER 18
ence of the lour neutral states
should be convoked.
He said that he continues being
in favor of the proposed procee
dure being put into practice if the
United Nations Security Council,
or the proposed conference of the
Chiefs of Government of the East
and West, in New York, is not
able to arrive at a peaceful situa
tion to the Lebanon and Iraq cri
sis.
Mansfield also stated that the
proposed conference should also
occupy itself with the Arab-Israeli
conflict, the refugee problem, sub
version in the Near East, and the
contraband of arms in the region.
At the same time, Mansfield ex
pressed his hopes that President
Kubitschek would continue with
his plan for an Inter American
conference, among officials of the
highest category in orttor to find
new ways to strengthen solidarity
between the countries of the Hem
isphere.
Finally the Democratic Senator
recalled that he had already ex
pressed his support of such a con
ference in a United Press Inter
national interview last June, after
a similar suggestion made by the
Panamanian Ambassador in Wash
ington Ricardo Arias.
DANISH IMPORTS FROM
ARGENTINA REDUCED
COPENHAGEN —(UPI)— Well
informed sources stated that it is
expected that Denmark will dras
tically reduce her imports of Bra
zilian coffee if Brazil does not con
siderably increase her imports of
Danish goods and products.
The Danish Finance Minister,
Viggo Kampmann, expects to go
to Rio de Janeiro between the 20
the and 30th of August, on the
condition that the Brazilian gov
ernment is ready to begin negotia
tions.
of Panama with the United States.
“The flying of the Panamanian
flag in the Canal Zpne and on ves
sels in transit would institute a
of sovereignty that does not in
fact exist”, said the prepared text
of Flood’s address.
“If this demand were ever ac
ceded to it would be followed im
mediately by others for mineral
oil and gas explorations, farming
and miscellaneous business enter
prises, as well as for settlement of
all lands in the Canal Zone not in
actual use for Canal or defense
purposes”.
Flood stated that the students'
proposal for adopting Spanish as
the official language of the zone
“is obviously designed to force out
North Americans frofn employ
ment in the Canal enterprise.
“Its effect, however, would not
stop there for any such language re
quirement would necessarily apply
to civilian employees of the armed
forces engaged in protecting the
Canal.
“In either ease, it would intro
duce security situations too com
plicated to comprehend”.
Flood described the Panami
Canal as an inter-oceanic public
utility operated by the United
States pursuant to law and treaty.
“It is a business proposition en
tirely distinct from the Republic
of Panama for the world com
merce, he stated. “As such, it
must be prevented from becoming
the victim of further political ex
tortion”
Flood quoted from a speech
made by President-elect William
Howard Taft at New Orleans, Feb.
9, 1909, which he said has been re
peatedly quoted by Panama lead
ers out of its historical context.
Taft said that under the treaty
with PanamA the United States is
entitled “to exercise (in the Canal
Zone) all the soviereignty and all
the rights of sovereignty that we
would exercise If we were sover
eign, and Panama is excluded from
exercising any rights to the con
trary of those conceded to us”.