THE UNION.
CITY OF WASHINGTON.
TUESDAY NIGHT, JULY 22, 1845.
THI ART OF CHOPPING I/XHC.
We would respectfully advise the National Inteljgencer
to take out a patent-right for a new species
if logic, which it haa introduced into its political
lialeclioi. We have a beautiful apeeinien of it in
it article of "Shaking in the Wind," in ila number
if liwa morning. Ita force conaiata in drawing con- 1
limons exactly opposite to those which any *ea-,
unable man would 'infer in similar circumstances.. ,
'or example:
If you find the reck leas whig prints on your ta- (
lea stating the boldest stories about discord in the | '
l:_- mumt never coi.Lradicl them, lest some | |
BOIIiri, jfuu
hp should suppose "(here is more in these rumors
tan lie was at fir"' inclined lo helieve." So tl:e
lie of logic is I Ills: the bolder the report, the mon
npudrnt (lie fabrication, the more does it become
on to let it run on without contradiction. You see
said, and re-echoed by a hundred whig papers, that
Ir. Buchanan has resigned his seat in the cabinet;
at he does it, because he differs with the President
lout grave matters?Oregon, for instance; that the
hole cabinet is discordant, and about to break to
eces;?yet von must not contradict it. A hundred
hig? may any it boldly, and pass the tale from hand
i hand, yet that is no reason why a single democrat
lould gainsay it. If the "National Intelligencer" 1
id said, ihere is no occasion for any contradiction,
cause the whig press is known to be so mendaous
that no one will believe it, there might be
ime show of reason in the assertion. This, however,
a species of compliment which it will scarcely r
iy to its brethren. But when it says, you must
at contradict it, because it would prove "there is
ore in these rumors than (we) would he ul first f
idined to believe," why, this kind of reasoning J
ould prove that we must never notice the mis- J
presentations of the wliigs, lest the very attempt r
i contradict them should give them currency and ,
rcr. The ingenious logic of the "National Intel
jenccr," then, is this: If yon do contradict them, i
will only show there is something in them; and if j
m do not contradict them, the people will be- >
rve there is something in litem. Therefore, do as '
an will, people will credit them. Let the story '
in on. that Mr. Buchanan resigns because the i
ibinet is lorn to pieces, and people will believe it. !
ut if you do eonlr.idict it, why, you prove yourself
10 sensitive, and the people will be persuaded that
lere is something in the report.
The whig press says, again, that the republican
irty will be torn to pieces?that the Calhoun people
e dissatisfied, and that Col. Benton will fly off. You
uii, according to the ingenious logic of the new
hool, say nothing about it; because, if you are
lent, the world will believe it; and if you notice
it will show un " almost tremulous anxiety;" you
ve it "currency," and you show "there is more in
ese rumors than others would be at first inclined
believe." Thus, according to this new species of
gument, the wings would have us on either horn of
r dilemma. If you notice, yon attach importance
ihe story, and make it current; and if you do not
ilire it, the whigs would have a right to infer,
mi your silence, that their assertions about the
unions of your party were all real. ?
So, also, about all the other instances cited by r
is morning's National Intelligencer. You must c
it quote from a New Orleans paper the most une- '
ivocal assertions about the perfect unity of our party 1
you must not copy the article, which says we are e
ining strength every day, and that "there is no 1
riki,,time,irei nfour divitlinr'"?because, however true | '
'I I w 7 - |
r assertion may be, and however much it mny be in P
ison with our own opinion*, it is not right for un '
quote it. Although it shows that the feeling is
c same al different sections of the Union?that it ia
New Orleans as it is in Richmond?yet it is imoper
to quote it, ticcording to the logic of the Natnnl
Intelligencer, because we "travel off too far 1
im home," when we go to New Orleans for the '
dences of public sentiment.
We have other illustrations of the peculiar logic j
the Washington whig press. I
We must not say that we despise the efforts '
the whiga to divide us, or that we will keep
wn every little feud that may lurk in our
rty, lest wc admit that the contention is too exten- ,
re to be put down; althoqgli we say, in the t
ongest manner, that this little feud will he '
pt down, the party united, and the whiga will ho j
appointed and defeated. We must not point out t
t rocks which the whigs assert are in the way of '
r navigation, lest, according to the logic of the
ligs, we admit that these rocks will shipwreck the j
ssel, although we confidently assert her safety, c
rc n list not aay that a fete of the friends of Mr. '
illioun may murmur, lest, according to the logic .
the "Intelligencer," it may be inferred that all ,
ill murmur; althoughwe expressly say that the great i
ma of them are contented, and that all of them will 1
ohnhly Is- satisfied, in spite of the insidious efrts
of the whigs to blow the flame. We must not ,
pose the unfounded and unavailing assertions of t
e "Baltimore American," about Colonel Bsnton's ' <
ends, or about the "rival interests," which it says j
r. Polk will have to conciliate; lieeause, according ,
the logic of the new school, our showing that i i
ry can do us no serious and ultimate injury, Is I'
needing that they will destroy us.
But it in idle to expose the deceptive logic of the ! ,
ialional Intelligencer." It consists either in I |
venting new premises for itself, or in drawing )
uncous conclusions from them. Let it be
ured (list all the efforts of the National In* j
Iismmi ,..?l io nlli*>a in divide our nartv. I
(1 unite it* own, by the prospect of our j
'imons, will decidedly fail. The misrepresentu. ,
n? which they circulate about our party will be i
ly exposed ti> the contempt of nn enlighten/people.
Any seeming little difference* of I
Itporsrv opinion among a very email minori- (
of our friends, north or south, will be healed j
'ough die good sense of the administration, i
well as by t|je suspicion* in which we hold 1
rry insidious attempt of the whig* to inane
thein. We repeat, that "the whig press- |
sre showing us, by the game which they |
mid have us play, soma of the dangers which 1
t should be most anxious to avoid. They are not ]
unung ao much on their own strength u on our ,
risinns and our wenknes* Wc were in no very
minent danger before; for, as we said the other 1
y, we would spare no pains to keep down any
id, the clement* of which might I*? lurking in th< ]
snoi of our party; and we added, that we had
ver greater eonfidence in ournelves and our friends,
in our resources, because we were never *o disctly
impressed with the cj/'.irnra* of our course, t
d the strength of our cause." In this distinct imession
we are more and more confirmed every day.
rc never felt more sonftdent in our strength, in the
lion of our party, and in the goodness of our
uiw. We laugh at nil the false logic of the whig*;
r disdain all their misreprefentation*: we despu./
I their arts.
We iwose the naove which is indicated by
tieneral JacJtnon'a pneatr leuer, piimninru ujr
'm. U. Lewie. We law that ntw.< in another
irate letter, addrraaod to gentlemen in (hie pity,
' Genera! Jarkaon. It wee not Rilrhir; nnd the
Itrhmond Timee and Compiler" will, therefore,
i (j)eaa?d to eiear our name from any rogue allusion
inch it may liare made to ua. We think aright,
n, to add, that the perann referred to by General
tltaon had no pert in purehaaing the Globe, or ui
dabhalung the "Vnion." (
VALUE OF TEXAS. I
We are looking out every moment for eome deci- '
aive intelligence from the Convention of Texaa. j
Should they ratify our propositions, the territory t
may be coimidered aa reunited to our republic, and |
incorporated with our territory. What, then, ia the 1
value of the acquiaition we have made? All acrounta [
concur in representing ita land aa very luxuriant I
and productive, and the acquiaition aa extremely K
valuable. Hut we have two authoritiea to confirm ?
it: oue ia the more ancient declaration of Mr. Clay, v
twenty4ive yeara ago; the other ia the description '1
of an intelligent traveller published in the "Nash- v
ville Whig" of the 15th instant: * n
Mr. ('lay's speech in the House of Representatives..Iprit, d
1820, on Iht Spanish treaty. a
"I pit'Mimt: the spectacle will not lie presented of ques- B
lioning, in Hits bisuch uf the government, our title to Trass, u
which has been constant!) maintained by the executive
or more than tilteen years past. under their several adminstrstions.
I am at the same time ready and prepared to
nakc out our title, if any one in the House is fearless
tnough to controvert it I a ill, for the present, briefly stale,
bat the man alio is moat familiar with the transactions of r
his goveriiui'int?who luigely particijiated in the formation
it our constitution, and all that has been done under it? who, "
<csidre tha eminent services that he has rendered his roun- .
ry. principally contributed to the acquisition of Louisiana - *'
i ho must lie sup|>osed, from his various opportunities, best Cl
o the Kio del Norte was a* well founded us it wit to the (U
laud of New Orleans." c;
"All the accounts concur in representing Texas to be exremely
valuable Its superficial extent Is three or four V
imea greater than that of Florida. The climate is delicious; ^
he son fertile; tha margin of the rivers abounding in live
tak; and the country udmilting of easy settlement. It pos- el
esses, moreover, if I am not misinformed, one of the finest
torts in the Gulf of Mexico. The productions of which it is ?
apuhle arc suited to our wants. The unfortunate captive ?
?f St Helena wished for ships, commerce, ond colonies.
A't have them all. if we do not wantonly throw them away.
rhe colonies of other countries ate separated Irom them by
'ast seas, requiring great expense to tooted them, and are
leld subject to a constant risk of their neing torn from their
praap. Our colonies, on the contrary, are united to. and
orm a part of. our continent; ami the same Mississippi, from ?
those rich depositc the best of them (Louitiaua) has been ~
armed, will transport on her bosom the brave, the patriotic
nen from her tributary streams, to defend and preserv e the si
text most valuable, the province of Texas n
From the Nashville Whig. Ii
"DKscairTio.a o? Trxxs.?We account it a piece of good lj,
ortune in being aide to present our readers at this conjunture
with u description of the country of Texas, by a gentle- ^
nan who has recently visited it, and on the accuracy of ?j
t hose statements entire confidence may be placed. We
mow the author writ, and can vouch for the conscientious w
agnrd to J'arlt with which his sketches have been drawn.''
"The outline of this great country, as claimed, and as
ihown on maps-- that is, from the Sabine to the Kio Grande. p
tod from the Gulf of Mexico to the 4-M degree of north lati- *
ude, embraces within its limits every variety of climate si
: .'in a hf.it equal to that of the tropics at the mouth ol the
Kio Grande, to the intense cold of the northern parts of the
nited States, and probably every diversity of vegetable 0
ind mineial production found within the limits of (he latter
country Z1 ai
"The average latitude of Red river in its eastern course, J
md until it enters the State of Louisiana, is about U4 decrees;
whilst that of the Gulf coast, from the Sabiue to the tr
Kio Grande, is about 18 degrees; ami the average distance
let ween those two rivers is about live hundred miles.
I'liese boundaries will be found to enclose an area of more
ban two hundred thousand square miles, or a tract of counry
about five times as large as the State of Tennessee. The "
course of lied river (the northern boundary) is scarcely \
ibove the parallel of the best cotton land* in the I'nited
states; whilst that of the coast is considerately below that of w
he best sugar lands in Louisiana It thus appears that n
rexas, throughout its whole extent, is adapted to the pro- n
luctiou of one or other, or both, of these great southern fa
itaples."
"I have no doubt that thil southern portion of Texas is n
norc fertile than any country of similar extent .upon the ;
ace of the earth. I have never aeeu any lands which are
vorthv to be put for a moment in comparison with those to
?e found there. This fertility manifests itself to the eye, by
he character of the growth of timber, by the pitchy blackless
?f the vegetable mould (light as ashes) which comiosos
the surface, and extends to tha depth of several feet
ipiwKth lmvinir usually a substratum of red clav. When H
esteil by Jt* productiveness, it in found, in favorable net- t)
on?, anil with good culture, to yield 3,1)00 lbs. of cotton, 2
toguheads oi au^ar, ami 3 barrels of molasses, or 12 barrels
>f corn, to the acre; whilst other vegetable products grow
vith equal luxuriance.'' S
"THE BALANCE OF POWER."?M. Gwtot. ^
Though the following letter conies as "private aiul p
onfidentialyet we shall talcc the liberty of ''
linking it public; because, like Charles Surface 01
in selling his family library, we confess ourselves b
0 be of too "communicative" a disposition to keep
omurh treaiure to ourselves. We even go farther,
ind beg the favor of our "old friend," whose lite- J,',
nry fame is as well known as Knickerbocker's
limself, to furnish us, fiom his abundant scrip, it
vith many more such "private nnd confidential" jrux J|
Vesprit.
ul
Tn the Editor of the Union:
Nrw York, July 90, 1845. ul
Private and confidential! w
Mr ooou oi.u i rienii: You and 1 have been so "
ong fellow-laborers in the vineyard of democracy, j,
vhich, though it sometimes produces a few weeds, tt
?1 don't mean Thurlow Weed?is still fruitful in '?
torn, wine, and oil, that I shall make no apology ,
'or addressing you, especially as the information I tc
liave to communicate is, as you will presently per- t>
scire, highly interesting and important.
I refer to the declaration of M. Guizot, at present w
he leading memlicr of the French cabinet, with re;ard
to the necessity of establishing a "balance of
Kiteer" in the New World, similar to that which has (|
ost so much bloodshed in Europe for ages past, nnd al
esulted in the destruction or utter degradation of 11
ill the secondary States of Europe. Peculiaropportu- r,
lilies have enabled me to ascertain to a certainty ui
hat such a plan is not only in contemplation, T
>ut that a secret confederacy has been formed, I"
jetween several "of the principal Slates of Eu- *
ope, to arrest the alarming growth of the United to
ttnlea, and preserve the balance of power on this tb
;ontinent; and that the matter has proceeded so far, (A1
hat the respective quotas of each of the parties hod f?
icen agreed upon, and arranged, according to the
ollowing programme, which you may lie nssurrd is
1 true copy of the original. The danger is pressing' *
tnd thongn 1 have marked this letter "private and m
ionfidential," still it is submitted to your discretion i?
o publish it or not, as you may deem expedient. bl
I J?1- T-L.. ,.r I...I.. Imun In!
I lllj) I I71II.V iiic uimcaui ....... , ...
contribute sixteen thousand prima donnas, four-nnd- ci
wcnty thousand fiddlers "all in a row," under one tc
if their most experienced lenders of the orchestra,
ogether with a Hying squadron unit/uc?(some call th
hem ttunuch-singers)?to animate the combatants, <c
ind frighten our backwoodsmen. They hove also
igrced to provision this force, by a contribution of m
hrec million yards of maccaruni, and two hun- ili
lred thousand bushels of chestnuts. ,r
llrm.***The States of Germany stipulate to fur- pj
nish six hundred thousand boxes of hflhiu opathic (I
pills, by way of ammunition; which, it is presumed, it
will occasion a great mortality among our militia, t!
f they can only be perstAtdad to stand their fite tl
Ninety thousand doctors nrmed with and h
"orty thousand profound and incomprehpnsibje ni' ta- >
hysuians, mcaineritcs, and troitsceodeolali.xts, P
ire provided to guard, at the same time they distri- ~
ante the homcrnpnthtc pills, seduce our forces into
i swamp of metaphysical profundity, and there put w
;htm all to sleep by a touch of mesmerism. f,
Jlent.?Holland agrees to furnish three hundred \
thousand boxes of cheese, round and hard as bul- .1
lets, and salt as brine, to lie reinforced by opp hun-1
Jrrd thousand kegs of pickled herrings. These, it ! "
is presumed, will create c it at, intolerable thirst1 fir
smong the Yankees, that tin p will ail die of drink-;
ing cold water, in spite of the temperance societies.
linn.?Our ancient friend and ally, La Belle
France, (God hie is herl notwithstanding her late
backsliding,) will, in the first place, set the fashion in tl
Parts for gentlemen to adopt the present costume of h
the ladt?i. This w ill, of course, be adopted by our ti
jood people, and render them an easy prey to the tj
jnemy, since they will nciihei bp gb)e to creep, si
crawl, fight, nor run nway. In addition to this ?n?, i h
if guerre, it is in contemplation, though not actually a
itipulated, (o collect a force of sixty-six thousand a
opera dancers, little black-eyed grisettes, and fash- d
tunable milliners, commanded by Mcsdames Tag- y
lioni, Titmouse, Katlailla, and Saligity, all wlti< h
being properly administered, it is shrewdly anticipai.
d will prove worse than Canute to our modern
I InnfjjboL The Inst item of the contribution is ti
sixty thousand Mis of Imlted |t?ir fropi lite mils f<
of veritable donkeys, for tlie pyrpo.jr qf rcplftiuh- ti
ing the whiskers of the nllied armies. tj
/( si?England, however, being the undoubted tl
head of the lloly Alliance for keeping this "grasp- ti
ing" confederation of empires in proper order, g
and preserving the balance of the New World by I'
putting her Ing foot in thr icalc is, of course, the n
principal contributor, nnd sends six formidable ar- h
"lies?rnnsisliuir firsl of fortv thousand OriticS, f
mud with double patent Perryan penaj ?econd, r
ninety thousand printer* and pi inter'a devils, to be- ?
a|?tter u* with ink, nnd belabor na with cotripoailjon f
tocka; third, twenty-tin ihouaand rdilora of npwapar
pera, led by the editor of the Timea, and fourteen 1
thousand editor* of periodicals, hendetl by Douglas* I
Jerrold, Punch and Judy; fourth, one hundred thou- *
and promiainf atudent* of Maynooth College, cdu- c
rated by the bounty of Sir Robert Peel, ana led by 1
the third UarueJ. tyho came to judgment the other *
day, but eacnpeii through a loop-hole of the law. '
fifth, fifty thousand valiant and mutable paupers '
from the minea and manufactorlaa, to enact the part i
of apecXrea and dcvila, and frighten ua out of our (
wita with their blank and white facea. It waa in t
I < ontemplation to feed theae poor half-atarved crea
urea, till i hey became pluiup, round, and red-faced
dul a leading patriot and philanthropist put a ato|
o thia benevolent plan, by aiiirmiiig that, aa it wai
totorioua that hunger could leap through atone walla
hesn were the very fellows to rob the henrooata unt
rig-styes of the unprincipled Yankeea, who cared uu
'or their honor, provided they could preaerve then
>igs and poultry. He concluded bv referring tc
he batllea of Creaay and Agtncourt, where the Eng
lah fought all the belter for being lialf-alarved; anc
;uve it aa lua decided opinion, that if they had 1101
ivrr-gorged themaelvea the night before on the
'beauty and booty" of the Creole henrooata, they
rouId have beaten General Jackaon to a mummy
Phe sixth body is a corps dc reserve, all dressed n
vhite hat*, under Captain Elliott, with their pocketi
ul| of opium With this formidable force in prep
ration, aided by a troop of American loyalist* uner
the godlike man, who is known to be as valianl
* a hen (uirtridge,. i think it is time to be on the
lert. But my paper is at an end, and so adieu my
Id friend.
i r.utti luk 1 UC w isuurvsirv.
Gen. Henry Dodge, having been re-appointed
lovernor of the Territory, from which he had been
no ingloriously ejected after the election of 1840, by
is political opponents, his valuable services" have
eased us a member of Congress. It became necesary,
of course, to elect another delegate. To
hoose a candidate for this office, u democratic conention
was held at the capitol, in Madison, on the
5th June. Horatio N. Wells, of Milwaukie, was
lected president; 18 ballots were taken lieforc any
ne obtained a majority of the votes. Mr. Morgan
.. Martin finally received 4'J, D. A. J. Upham JO,
-altering 10. Mr. Martin accepts the nomination.
The "Ohio Statesman" asks us if the Bank of
Vooster has been selected as a depository of the
overnment; and seems to think it a very unsafe inlitution.
The facts are these: Several institutions,
ot far distant froin the Bank of Wooster, and nested
by a former Secretary, were represented as
eing in a critical condition; and a small amount
as, for better security, transferred from them to the
tank of Wooster?that bank having first deposited
ith the Treasurer of the United States Ohio Stale
Lock, as security, to the whole amount of the tteosite?$46,000.
If the Bank of Wooster be an unife
institution, the representations made to the Sectary
by some of the best men and democrats in
hio must be untrue. One thing is certain: the
mount deposited is fter/eclly secure, until it may be
rawn out, if necessary, to meet the wants of the
easury.
The Nashville Whig would seem to contradict
te assertion, that the Oregon negotiation remains at
Washington. It says' that "no correspondence
'hatever has passed (upon it) between Mr.
luchannn and Mr. Pakenhnm?not a line." As
._ ... .... i,.... 1.... -.I..:?i .i.:. ....
ot now true.
For the Colon.
VERMONT.
I take pleasure in enclosing you, for publication
i the "Union," the following resolutions passed, by
le democratic State convention held at Midtlleury
on the 10th inst. They speak the true demorat
ic feeling of the hardy sons of the mountain
tate, than whom no truer are to be found in the
fnion, notwithstanding the marked neglect which
ley have heretofore received, and are note receiving,
t the hands of the present administration Itapears
sufficient to exclude a democrat from office
he hails from Vermont; and of the only ftrodemorats
from that State, holding office in Washington,
iif has already been made to give way.## This may
e pollen, but lis justice I beg leave to question.
A VERMONT DEMOCRAT.
RetolveJ, That the result of the recent presidential elecu,i
is gratifying to ever/ democrat, both at an evidence
rthe prevalence of sound political doctrine among the
uss of the American people, and as a pr? ud e*i mplificaon
of the great truth that the people are capable of governig
themselves; and that, however they may be misled for
while, their "sober second thought" is nuver wrong, and
ways efficient
Retohed, That the election of James K. Polk, as President
fthe l. uited St ttcs. renders it certain that, under hia adiiustration,
the ship of State will he kept upon the "reiblican
tack;" that it has "averted the curse of a nationbank?the
unjust project of the distribution of the proteds
of the public lands to be returned to the treasury,
ith the total loss ol the great expense of a second collecon?
the scheme ol internal improvements by the general
uvernment. purchasing one section of the country by a
rgesa, and furnishing another with a denial ?in short,
ie whole whig system of favoritism aud corrupting partial
gislation."
Rtioh td, That the power given to Congress by the conitution,
to raise revenue, can be rightfully exercised only
> produce that amount of revenue w hich is necessary for
it* wants gf government economically administered, and
rn never be exercised for the putposo of furnishing money
i the people or the States, either directly or indirectly,
ithout a gross infraction of that instrument ;?that all our
irilt'Jaws are revenue wants ol tho countrythat the proiction
which the) ofl'er to domestic industry must necesirily
be incidental to their revenue character;?and that
icy should be so adjusted as to cherish, as far as possible,
1 the great interests of the country?commerce, manufacires,
and the mechanic arts.
Resulted, That we feel to rejoice exceedingly, and to
>ngratu)ate the democracy ami the country upon the action
"theTexian Congress upon the proposition to restore
c\as to the fumily of the Union, and on the certain prosictofthe
speedy consummation ol the project oi leunnexion.
Retohed, That the opponents of annexation ore welcome
ail the consolation and advantage they can derive from
icir position on the Texas question?from their open ulknees
and harmonious action with the subjects of Queen
ictoria. where the old federalists were always to be
und.
Retohed, That though we firmly trust and believe that
10 consummation ol this project will only be attended
ith honorable peace, still, if it should result in hostilities
ith Mexico, wo have the fullest confidence that the deocracy
und the nppntry will sustain to the end the admintrotion,
whose efforts to complete this gruet fproject have
sen crowned with success.
Retnlred, That believing thnt Great Britain should he
iflered to make no further encroachments on the A merlin
continent, w o will insist upon maintaining our full rights
> Oregon at all hazards.
Retohed, That democracy teaches that men should
t left as far as possible In the possession and enjoyment of
inir natural rights, w ithout the interference of legislation
i control ineir .... ...r ...ci. vt........... ... .............
>r tlitim rjt|icr system of religion or a rode of moral!.
Rnnli td, '1 tint in III* bt? (if Aii|lr?fr Jackion, tlir notion
ourni one of her nol.lett, wl?c?t, and moot eminent 10Iere,
ctoleomen, mid patriot!, whole oertlceo to hi? couny
will be remembered ao equalled only by hia who waa
'rot in war. lint in peace, and firat in lite healio of bio
JUnlrymeq;" and that tho demoeratic party of the Union
e Indebted to him, more than any other man, for restoring
le government to the true .leA'ertonian track of ronotituonal
polirj.
/tri.ir'W, Ttiat we thank tlod tlint the life of the hero and
ige ol the Hermitage, "the man who filled themeaoureof
io country'! glory, was (pared till he had witneaoed the
gnal triumph ol hi? political npinlona in the election to the
residency ofthp Voting Hickory of Tennesaee.
'Our correspondent is here mooting a question,
hich it is better on every account to nvoid. Put
>r(h the claims of the hardy sons of the Qreen
fountain, as much as you please; hut we ore aware
tat the other branch of the category has given rise
i tnqch exaggeration, and would call for more room
>r its discussion than wc could well afford it.
[Ukion.
Colomel R. M. Joiinsok.?We are glad to learn
tat thia distinguished veteran has returned to his
omit in good health, and buoyant apirils. We ex nct
the following from the last "Kentucky Gaelic:"
"We had tne pleasure of an hour's conversion
with the old veteran 011 Monday lost, who
ad just returned front Washington, in tine heofth
nd spn its. lit m tit"!* pirqird vlfh the ttatt of iffairt
I the capital, and r/prninh the admlnittration a* ponncting
the bu.unrtti of Hit nation in the mod yuief, and
tt efficient manner.1'?Kentucky Retina, July 17.
Texas?Gi.oaiotts News.--If ever there was a
me when the democracy of the rounlry had cause
sr rejoicing at the surresa of their favorite meas
res, thai time is now. Amidst all the high e*rjtelent
of ^arty frrljng ip refcrepce to fhyorjtcs fbr
lie presidency, the nevrpwavering principle of psriotum
hue steered coolly for the port of national
ood. Whsn the threatening elements of war inervened
between the accomplishment of those
leasures that promised to end in the unparalleled
lonorand glory of the American republic, the same
>roud spirit of patriotic feeling has liefrime more
irominrnl, to meet the necessity of the occasion,
nd has borne down the opposition of violent party
eeling.
This is manifested in the lute glorious issue of
he annexation of Texas- This messurs will be
tailed throughout the land by the government
riends, of all parties, as a superlative achievement
if republican firmness. The "lone star," immoralized
and beaming with the splendid triumph o(
tan Jacinto, is ours. She now glitters in the eontellation
of her sisters, and bound to them in
riendship, by the endearing tiesofblood and worth
n the tenj uan 01 iwf. wo w.w. ?
lerity, "Prreonaliy, we h??e no objection*, but, oil
" eM " "* b*..
OFFICIAL.
JAMES K. POLK,
President of the United States of America.
to all whom it may concern.
Satisfactory evidence having been exhibited to
me that Johann Wilhklm Schmidt lias been apSDinted
consul-general of Prussia, for the United
tales:
1 do hereby recognise him as auch, and declare
, mm tree to exercise and enjoy eucu functions, poAeis,
and privileges, ns are allowed to the cmisuls'
general of the most favored nations in the United
( States.
In testimony whereof, I have caused these letters
to be made patent, and the seal of the United States
! to be hereunto affixed.
Given under my hand, at the city of Washington,
the 21st day of July, A. IX, 1845, and
[l. *.] of the independence of the United States of
America the 70th.
JAMES K. POLK.
By the President:
Jamev Buchanan, Secretary of State.
APPOINTMENT BY THE PRESIDENT.
Charles Ward, of Maine, as consul of the United
States for the island of Zanzibar, in the dominions
of the Sultan of Muscat, in the placs of Richard
P. Waters, recalled.
NAVY OKPAHTMENT?Osorss, Ac.
Jul* 21.
Passed Midshipman D. It. Lambert, ordered to
the steamer Michigan.
Passed Midshipman Churlea Deus, ordered to the
receiving-ship at Baltimore.
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Owing to the great number of permits to enter
and make locations on the mineral lands about lake
Sufierior already issued, the Secretary of War has
suspended the further issue of them, and notified 1
the applicants of his determination, by addressing to
each a letter, of which the following is a copy:
War Department,
Washington, July 19, 1845.
Sir: SJtould locations be made pursuant to the permits
already issued from this department, to select
lands in the lake Superior mineral district, thequan- ,
lily required to catisfy them would exceed one million
Oilt kuni/red thousand ai res. It is apprehended
that the whole region open for location may not
contain this quantity of minerul lands. Explorations
and surveys of these lands have been ordered,
and it has been determined to suspend the further issue
of permits until the results shall be made
known.
The applications for permits received at the department
subsequent to the 17ill instant, will be filed
in the office; and if the disclosures of the examinations
shall warrant the further issue of |iermits for
the lake Superior region, they will be considered in
the order in which they hove been, or shall be, received.
It is not expected that the results of the
examinations and surveys, to ascertain the probable
quantity of mineral lands in this region, and to
inake the locations, pursuant to the permits already i
issued, can be completed for Borne time to come.
I am, with great respect,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) WM. L. MARCY,
Secretary of War.
for the Union.
MEXICO AGAINST THE UNITED STATES.
No. 6.
We resume our quotations from the report of
Messrs. Marcy and Breckenridge on the claim of
Dr. Baldwin.
We have refrained from entering into a detail of
the circumstances attending the unparalleled act of
atrocity in the two Mexican functionaries, (Ortiz
and Hoyos,) in first attempting the life of Dr. Baldwin,
by ordering him to be shot by a brutal soldiery
on his attempting to escape the ignominy?worse
than death, to one possessing the feelings of a gentleman?of
being placed in the public stocks, intended
for the lowest order of criminals and malefactors.
He was, however, compelled to undergo
this degradation during the space of two hours, with
a broken leg, and was then hurried to a loathsome
prison, where he was detained eighty-four days.
But for his own skill as a physician, he must
inevitably have perished ; and this was, no doubt,
the confident calculation of the conspirators.
They had doubtless calculated with equal con|
fidence on the effect dl' their various criminal
I prosecutions. They supposed it would be imI
possible for him to remain in the country, under
such circumstances; and1 but for the possession of
an extraordinary degree of fortitude on the part of
Dr. Baldwin, and the desire to tescue his reputation
from the stigma attempted to be cast upon it, their
designs would have been accomplished. He. persevered
until all the accusations made against him
were annihilated. We consider it our duty on this
occasion, not only to do justice to Dr. B. for injuries
to his person and property, but ulso for the assaults
made on his reputation. Our Mexican colleagues,
WC regrei w soy, nave inuoigcu in ui?jiiun?iii? reflections
on thia head, not w?rr?nted by any evidence
in die proceeding!* submitted" to nn.
"As men do not art without adequate motives, or
soil their consciences with crime of the deepest dye,
without those stronger incentives which govern the
human passions, other considerations will here be
presented besides those of hate and revenge, and the
desire to wipe out debts by exterminating the creditor.
The property acquired and created by the enteqirise,
skill, and capital of Dr. B., presented a glittering
prize to petty pro-consular avarice and cupidity,"
d-c. " With the advantages possessed by Dr.
B. in his extensive commercial relations and capital,
and his valuable saw-mil Is and plantations qf coffee
and tropical fruits, it is impossible to doubt but that>
with a moderate protection from the Mexican government,
he would have acquired a fortune more de*
sirable than that of the most valuable of the mines
of Mexico. It was no doubt, jn a great mensure,
owing to an unwillingness on his |>art to sacrifice
these brilliant hopes, that he endured the oppresliona
of the authorities, still flattering himself with
the belief that a better order of things might be established.
"We shall make*the following extract from the
letter of Mr. Butler, of September, 18H3, based on i
iyir. Liyington's instructions:
'"The undersigned is further instructed to declare,
that the government of 'the United States of America,
in pressing for the redress of the injuries suffered
by Dr. Baldwin, and in discharge of those solemn
duties it owes to every citizen of our country, in af,
fording him the most ample protection, designs In
make I hit a national i/imlino, and trill so treat il hertt^flrr.,
"After the above explicit declaration, placing the
rase of Dr. B. upon a distinct and separate ground
AtVsof ;? ???i cr V? f I lit pojiannnhlv
,,UI" OM7 uu'v,i " ""fi"* / T-n- r>
whether it is included under the general convention
subsequently entered into. It might he contended
that, not being provided for by a special rlmine, the
nation waa still left at liberty to vindicate ita honor
and ita righla in any other mode. If there had been
no other ratter of complaint ngniiut Merico, the f/niled
Slain ttotild hart been bound, after ettth q declaration, i
to yuih that demand, rrrn to the extremity of tear.
"The ground thua taken by the government of
the United Stales, the highest political power of the
nation, is liasnd on the assumption of the truth of
the facta presented In it. The words of Mr. Liv- '
ingston are as follows: 'If the facta in the caae of
Baldwin are such as he represents them to be, the
honor of oqr coprjtry requires that ample reparation
; should lie made to the sufferer.' Our examination
ef the proofs of the case has brought us to the conclusion
that the statements of the claimant to his
government are substantially sustained. The prin
ciples on which we are bound by the convention to
decide the cases brought before tie, oblige us to
1 r?_
come 10 a result in rrgnru iU uuuwiu private
rights, entirely compatible with what the governmant
of the United States intimated waa due to its
national honor?reparation of his aggravated
wrongs." Upon this case, the American comrnia
sioners, indulging the hope entertained, that, by
placing the moat moderate eatimate upon the remuneration
to which the claimant waa entitled, no difficulty
or doubt could be entertained, and that it
would be immediately acquieaced in, aaaeaeed the
damagea to which he waa entitled at |iil0,405 09.
In consequence, however, of the non-production of
his title-deed for the real estate, of which he had
been robbed by his plunderers, and which, therefore,
it was not in his power to produce?for which
a demand was inadeupon the Mexican government,
under one of the articles of the treaty, to which she
responded by alleging, on the authority of the local
functionaries, that it wna destroyed by fire while in
their possession?this sum was reduced by the
umpire to the sum of f100,000. Such is a very imperfect
sketch of the circumstances upon which one
of the claims of American citizens against Mexico
rested. The evidence to sustain the allegations of
the claimant were, in a great extent, the record of
the proceedings of their own courts. Nine years of
persecution were endured; a princely estate despoiled;
the most glorious promises nipped in their
bud;?all through the instrumentality of Mexican
functionaries, executive and judicial. It has been
exumined and decided by our ablest diplomatists
and jurists; yet Mexico asserts before the world,
and her executive and her legislature aver before
their own people, thut she has been faithful to her engagements,
loyal to her honor; and that the United
Slates has no other pretence of claim than such as is
aflbrded by an iniquitous attempt to cover the smuggling
operations of her citizens with the veil of
right! C.
Communicated.
THE WASHINGTON SENIOR DEMOCRATIC
ASSOCIATION.
Great credit is certainly due to this old Spartan
band of democrats. Their first efforts, as politicians,
commenced in the year 1831; and they organized
themselves under the name of Hickory Club.
It was then composed of clerks of the several departments,
and of citizens, but chiefly of mechanics
end laborers. These entered into u formal association,
for the avowed purpose of counteracting the gross
misrepresentations and slanders which the federal
party had propagated against ihe democratic paf-ty,
under the auspices of their leading organ, the "National
Journal." They had then assumed to themselves
the title of the great trhig jimty, and had adopted
this new and imposing name in consideration of
the vust influence they had derived from the grrat
white monster in Chestnut street. But, with all their
combined forces, and with England to back them, the
resistless power of democratic truth prevailed ugainat
them, and the mighty citadel of federal monopoly
and oppression fell to the earth, nnd buried thousands
under its ruins. Those who could not enter
the temple, but remained outside gazing with asonishment
upon the wreck and general destruction,
rallied aguin in 1836 upon "Tippecanoe," and found
a clear field at, the seat of government. The Democratic
Association, depending upon the strength and
security of their party throughout the country, did
not reorganize, and left quite a formidable array of
Tip|>ecanors in possession of all the slanders they
could possibly rake together; and this relaxation of
their efforts?this want of energy and vigilance on
their part, as they firmly believe, put in jeopardy
the democratic party, ana was near proving its overthrow.
Fortunately for the country, however, we
succeeded in placing Mr. Van Burcn in the presidential
chair.
In 1839, the whig convention met at Harriaburg
and, from the flattering encouragement received during
the canvass of 1836, they rallied once more
under the old banner of lippecanoe; and, in order
to give their xcatcliioord the magic of poetry, they
added "Tyler too." In the following npring of
1840, the same Spartan band?the old Democratic
Association?found it necessary to reorganize themselves,
and bring all their energies into immediate
action. But, from the supineness in which the association
had too long indulged, arising (mm a fancied
security, and .from the important advantages
gained by the whigs at the previous session of Congress?having
managed to mature their dark nnd
deep-laid plans, and to propagate them under the
enlightened auspices of log-cabins, coon-skins, and
cider-barrels?the minds of the people were misled
and contaminated; and, from such a continued exhibition
of vulgar debauchery and disgusting mummery,
the great masses were bamboozled and utterly
swept from their propriety. It became impossible
for the utmost vigilance and energy of the democratic
party, at that stage of the canvass, to counteract
such disastrous effects. The fatal conseauence was the
overthrow of the democracy. But their indomitable
spirit stili survived; and their principles, like eternal
truth, though crushed to earth, soon rose again
in all their purity and vigor.
It may not be amiss to state that, in 1840, the only
real organized effort made to resist the extensive
operations carried on during the campaign, at the
whig franking-room in the City Hall, (and no doubt
at the expense of the tax-payer,) was conducted in
the front room of a painting establishment on Pennsylvania
avenue, and sustained throughout at the
heavy coal chiefly of its public-spirited proprietor.
Yet', when their limited means were opposed to the
vast resources of the hungry nnd maddened party in
opposition, the effects of the former were scarcely
felt; nnd, Although their noble exertions proved vain
and unsuccessful, this democratic Isold were no? diemayed,
but from ihst Hour they commenced and
kepi up a regular correspondence with citizens and
committees of the several States, in order to rallv
again, us they resolved to rally, under the gallant
Hug of Mr. Van Buren. From almost every point
of the compass they received the mont flattering reHpunscR
and assurances that their patriotic efforts
would he appreciated and sustained by the whole
democratic party.
In August, 1843, this same little Imnd again formed
themselves into a committee of ]t?, (not to exceed
ii6,) for the purpose of urging the claims of Mr.
Van Buren; and consequently issued a pamphlet
with that view. Their exertionB in his behalf were
unceasing, until his celebrated letter on the Texas
question was offered to the public. While they advocated
his clainiB in preference to those of any other,
they held themselves prepared to abide the decision
of the Baltimore convention. When the result
of that convention was announced in Washington,
although it produced deep and painful disajvpointment
at first, this committee, with their zealous
friends and co-laborers, rallied in front of the National
Thentre, fixed up a stage, adorned it with a
transparency inscribed with the ratification of Polk
and Dallas, and Young Hickory against the world ;
and then their labors and the battle commenced.
Congress had just adjourned. The democracy of
the city consisted chiefly of poor mechanics and a
few others of limited resources, and these waited
upon the democratic members of Congress to ascertain
if they had provided means anu appointed a
regular committee for the purpose of battling with
the whig committee, who liud arrayed themselves
and marshalled their forces for the campaign. The
answer was, that "nothing had been done,"?and that
too by a prominent member of the (tarty, who is now
a member of the cabinet. He further remarked, that
the democratic party in Congress had agreed upon
nothing; that is, they had decided upon no particular
plan of operations) and that he "Jiaridlht result."
But (his damper thrown upon the committer, even
from such a quarter, did not dishearten them, nor
paralyxe the sturdy and brawny sinews of tlieir democracy.
The indomitable proprietor of the old
point shop repnired forthwith to the Globe office;
and, having compiled the most important documents,
had one hundred thousamj struck off for circulation,
it is well knotyn that their influence was-soon felt,
and gave a powerful impetus to the cause. That
veteran of Jackson democracy, the old painter,
wrote to a prominent friend in Jefferson county, Virginia,
(Mr. Lucas,) requesting him to present a hickory
pole, to be erected in front of the Globe office.
This request was readily complied with, and the
pole was erected at a cost of nearly 1400?a sum
that was drawn chiefly from the hard earnings of
the mechanics. Then the war-whoop was sounded,
and the press went nobly to work to counteract
the infamous slanders set afloat by the reckless
whig committee against Polk, Dallas, and democracy,
and the consigned dead (Let it not be
forgotten that the whole-souled John C. Hives,
poured out his treasure like water, to sustain
and advance the glorious cause. He is one of,
the granite pillars in the temple of democracy; and, j
by hti profuse liberality and gentlemanly bearing,'
he has secured the esteem and admiration of both
parties J| Then, when the question of torture came
ffoin the adversary, " Who it Jnmet K.Polk?" the
reedy reply from these rough and hardy Loroa, waa,
"We will tell you in November, and ahow him in
person on the fourth of March next." Indue time,
the scale* fell from their eye*, and the drmonstration
was triumphantly made.
From the 15th July, until the result in New York
wns ascertained, the old paint shop was the impregnable
fortress Irom which ths volleys of hot-shut
were poured into the enemy, without ceasing, day
and flight. The midnight lamp bore witness to their
manly action and patriotic labors. The battle waa
gloriously won; and this gallant band, after spending
their hard earnings, and devoting their whole
time to the common route, now desired and sought
repose, and proceeded to provide for their familiea
against the approach of winter. Rejoicing in the
eurceaa which had crowned their humble effort*,
and in the general triumph of democracy, they weie
happy and justly proud of having done their duly ,
like honeat men and fenrleee patriots. Hut, alas ! (
what were their reflections on learning that anaihe- j
mas were hurled at them?that feelings of envy, ha- ,
tred, and Intter spite, were indulged towards them, (
by the aristocratic orders of this District, who had ,
become ashamed that such vulgar slid despised rf- \
forts should have arrested the public attention, and 4
commanded the admiration and commendation of a
liberal democrat# throughout the country. Such j
are the gentry?the Janns-faced creatures, who are r
destitute of a noble spirit of independence, and j
merely wait for the victory on either side, ulwaya 0
ready to bow down and worahip the golden calf (i
They are the peraons who aneer at the worthy mechanic
and (he honest laboring clasaes, crying out,
with bitter mortification, "a shame that the laurels
of victory should be placed upon the brows of such
men as composed the democratic associations!"
And who, we fearleasly ask, ara these arrogant denouncers?
We answer, the federal whigs at the
heads of the different bureaus, chief clerks, Ac ; also
the colonels and major*, some of them strutting in
regimentals, at the expense of the people, wtiom
I they despise. These are the aelf-*ame and com|
bitted gentry, who remarked before the tnaugura!
lion, (and the "Globe" recorded the fact at the lime.1
in one of their replies respecting the inauguration
ball, that they must necessarily be associated with
the president. And such, we are mortified to observe,
seem to enjoy the smiles and confidence of
man in power, whom they have clandestinely
worked upon; and their cards, with their titles
stamped upon them, secure, in this manner, their admittance,
often to the exclusion of the working-man
and the people at large, whose hands are rougher
and harder, but whose hearts are stouter and purer
than their's. Such are those who, in their familiar
discourses, ridicule the devoted friends of the president,
in courtly phrases, on the ground of (as they
suppose) the working-man being unlettered and unpolished.
In truth, they are fearful that these democratic
associations may have some weight with the
administration, and at length expose their duplicity
and Iscariotism.
We tell these gentlemen to exult now, while they'
have the chance. We boldly "ding defiance into their
very teeth." If our humble circumstances and obscure
position preclude us yet awhile from familiar
and fair intercourse with those in authority, and
your beguiling tongues, like the "honest lago's" in
tht play, continue to prevail against us, the time will <
yet certsinly come when your false and arrogant
pretensions will be scorned?and we will wait until
tlie president may hate more repoae. We tell you,
in advance, that your high titlea and swelling airs
will not save you. We can and will urge better
and stronger reasons than you can; we can out-write
and out-a|ieak you; and we mean to prove to the
country that we are true friends to the president,
while you are false to him, and should be regarded
only "as sounding brass and tinkling cymbals."
Our faith cannot be shaken in James K. Polk. We,
and not you, put him where he now is; and he
knows it. We intend to stand by him through evil
and good report. We will risk what our forefathers
did, if needful?our scanty "fortunes, our lives, and
our sacred honor," notwithstanding we may be repulsed
when we ask for two or three situations.
We are not, never were, and never will be, demo|
crats for the emoluments of office. We believe
that the great principles of democracy are the eter- ?
nal principles of truth and justice; and we will dc- q
fend and maintain them at every hazard. i
THE MECHANICS.
Victims or the fire.?As far as we have yet f
been able, to ascertain, the victims to the fire haye "
been providentially less numerous than was at first ;
generally supp aea. Up to yesterday afti r oon, only
three persons were positively ascertained to have !
been killed. The body of one of them, Mr. Augus- 1
tus L. Cowdrey, of engine company No. 42, who F
was overwhelmed in the ruins of a house in New Ji
street, had not been discovered up to a late hour; ''
but the company to which he belonged were work- f
ing hard at the ruins in search ofil. The bodies of
two other persons were brought from the ruins of e
No. 42 Broad street, to the coroner's office. One c
of them is a white man named Peter A. Johnson, c
who lived at No. 13 Water street, and has left a r
widow and three children. The other was a color- .
rd man, whose name is as yet unknown. He had 1
large whiskers, and wore dark satinet pantaloons, J
and white muslin shirt. We have heart] of only
two other persons who have been missed by their relives
since' the fire; but there is no particular rcocon 1
to suppose that they are among the victims to it. I
Since writing the above, we have been informed 1
that a sister-in-law of police-officer Martin was
burned to death in the house No. 13 Broad street. !
[JY. Y. Jour. Com.
______________________ i
Commander-in-chief.?The "Newfoundland Ga- ,
r.elte" states that, on the 5th instant, about 11 p. <
m., arrived there her Majesty's steamship Vesuvius, J
Commander D. G. O'Callaghan, having on board j
Lieutenant General the right honorable Earl Calh- ,
cart, K. C. B., his countess and suite, on their way
to Quebec; his lordship having been appointed cominnndar
of the forces in British North America. The J
distinguished party landed at the Queen's wharf on
the following day at 11 o'clock, and proceeded to ?
government-house, where they have since remained 1
the gdests of his excellency the governor and lady "
Harvey. On Saturday, there was an inspection of ?
the military stationed in the garrison. Accompanied J
by his excellency and his stall', his lordship appear- J,'
ed on the ground (in front of governmcnt-nouse) nt K
11 o'clock; and, the troops having mnrched past tl
him in double column, in ordinary and quick time, u
las lordship, addressing Lieut. Col. Law, was
pleased to say he had but little expected to find tl
the Royal Newfoundland companies so very effi- v
cient, and so perfectly a disciplined force; that what *'
he bad seen of them, and of the company of Royal
artillery, added to what Sir John Harvey bad said '
of their general excellent condurl, had convinced
him that, for their numbers, there could not lie a d
inorq-Ahoroughly effective force, anil that he would c
hftvepleaaure in so reporting them. 1
I Philail. Srnlintl. 1
2 1
Household furniture at auction. ]
?On Thursday evening next, at 5 o'clock, we
hall sell, at the residence of the late Louis G. Gas- 'I
sawny, nt the corner of 20th street and New York
avenue, hia household and kitchen furniture; among
which are?
Mahogany chairs; claw-foot table
Venetian blinds, crockery and glass ware t
Stair carpets and rods
Carpets; straw matting, Ac. t
Andirons and fenders j
Dressing wad other bureaus, Itedsteads, Ac. j
With many olrer articles, and a lot of kitchen utrnI
'
The above articles are sold to satisfy house rent
due the estate of the late Edmund Hanlcy.
Terms: Cash.
robt. w. dyer a co.,
July 22?2t Auctioneers.
magnetic telegraph company.
SECOND INSTAl.VENT.
THE members of the Magnetic. Telegraph Com- ?
pany are hereby requested to pay, at the office ?
of Corcoran A Rigga, an instalment of twenty per 1
cent, on the stock subscribed, within 15 days from i
date. >
w. w. corcoran, ) t .
B. B. FRENCH, j 1 rustees.
July 22?d6t [Intel.]
DarsaTMitNT or 8r*Tr.,
Washington, July 22, 1H45. . ;
THIS department, according to the late law in re- j
lation to postage, is now chargeable with post-1
age on all letters, packages, or other matter received
through the mail. The expense for that object as
necessarily great. It is much increased by the
charge for postage on newspapers sent lo the department
without orders. The transmission of such
papers may, it is presumed, be attributed to the
courtesy of the publishers; but, whilst the department
duly appreciates their kindness, it feels itself
obliged to request that newspapers may not be addressed
to it, unless by its dirertion.
July 92?St I
?t*ir I < W t WANTED immediately, for a '
&Z,UUU friend, for which the nioiit satis-1 (
factory security will be trjven, and the interest paid
monthly.
W. FISCHER.
July 92?3taw2w
FOR SALE! ;
tifcO M I 8SO U R I 8 per cent, stock, '
t[[)0)UV/U with coupon*, for aale. Enquire
of Mr. Davis, teller of the Bank of the Metropolis. "
July 92? ?
EW BOOKS~AT"KRANCK TAYLOR'S ?
No. 33 Harper's Pictorial Bible. _
The Breach of Promise, a novel; by the author of
"The Jilt." Ac. ? _ 1
Louisa Mildmay, a tale; by ths author of " 1 wo J
Old Men's Tales." , . ,?
Zschokkes's Tales; by Parke Godwin, being ?ol. ti
15th of "Library of Choice Reading."
i July 99
EDITOR'S CORRESPONDENCE,
[From our regular corre?j>ondent]
Philsoslphu, July 91, 1845.
The rumors of division in the cabinet, and of the
eaif nation cf Mr. Buchanan, were of course started
or the basest purposes; and, from all I have heard,
have no doubt that our stock jobbers had much to do
silh it, and used it as the means of promoting their
.WI1 speculations. No true friend of Mr. Polk's adniiiisiratinn
can believe these unfounded rumors,
riir idea ol dis-a-nstous in a <ahinet so 'horoughly
lemocratic, and so rompletely identified, eaoh and
ill, with the great questions of the late campaign, is,
n itself, so uhsuru as 10 require no denial, and is
nude eminently ludicrous by the declaration that
dr. Buchanan is for an unworthy compromise of
iur right to Oregon?a right that he was one of the
irst to proclaim to the world, in the clear and conincing
eloquence for which he was distinguished
n the Senate. No statesman has been mora
itraightforwnrd and radical on the Oregon question
han Mr. Buchanan; and the idea of his conceding
o England what is rightfully and indisputably ours,
ould only have originated in the most corrupt and
lishonorable motives, - It was the boldness end deerminttion
of the President and his cabinet that
'onsuimnated the great question of annexation in a
manner so prompt and gratifying; and itia not to be
tupposed that the same spirit will be wanting in
he adjustment of thai of Oregon.
The news by the Britannia is not important, exsept
aa regards an advance in the price of cotton, and
n American and particularly Pennsylvania securities.
The exertions making by Gov. Shunk and his cabilet,
aided by the great body of the people ofthia
Jute, to pay our semi-annual interest, have proluced
the happiest results, not only here, but in
England; and nave operated to the advantage of
\merican securities generally. On the first of August
ensuing, the interest then falling due will b#
raid, and 110 endeavor will lie left untried to pay up
eguiarly every six mouths thereafter. We are now
inly emerging from the heavy disasters of the past.
\ vast debt, which, even prudently managed, would
lave been the source of considerable embarrassment
o the State, became, in the hands of bad men,
he means lesn of the advantage of the State than
heir own, and was so increased as to become a
earful burden. This, added to the pecuniary diffiultica
of our [M'ople, and the general stagnation of
insiness, made it nearly impossible to meet our inerest.
We arc, however, passing from the darkness
if night to the brightness of day; and although our
(Torts will be somewhat straitened for a period to
omc, yet, as our resources art: gradually but surely
leveloped, our embarrassments adjusted, and the
inancea of the State put into something like intolli- *
;ibleorder, the ability of good old Pennsylvania to
neet all her engagements will be established on an
mmornble basts.
The splendid collection of paintings, statuary,
fee., belonging to the estate of the late Joseph Bona>arle,
and forming tome of those rare apeeimens of
he arts belong mi;: to Napoleon, will not, aa it waa
eared, be atiii out of thia country, but will bo offered
or sale at public auction, at llordentown, in Sepembcr
next. Thia will be a cnpttal opportunity for
mr lovcrB of the fine arts, and particularly for the
nanagcra of the academy, which only recently sufbred
an irreparable a losa. I understand that cataojrues
of thia splendid collection will shortly be pubished.
Governor Shunk has appointed General George
Af. Bowman, of Bedford county, adjutant general
if Pennsylvania. General Bowman has long been
in active and influential democrat, and bos acquired
luite a reputation us the fearless editor of the Bedord
Gazette.
The North Branch Canal Company, composed of
i number of gentlemen who accepted the proposition
if the State, by taking the canal into their hands,
ind agreeing to complete it, will meet in this city
o-morrow, for the purpose of electing managers,
["here'seems to l>e no doubt that this great improvenent,
in the hnnds of its new directors, will be finshed
in a comparatively short time, and be greatly
iroductive. Over one million of dollars have already
>eeu subscribed, and the highest expectations are
ormed in regard to it. It ia supposed that Wm. B.
i'oater, esq., at present one of the members of our
loard of canal commissioners, will be elected chief
ngineer, if he will accept. He is an excellent ofiler,
and possesses a most practical and efficient mind
in all subjects connected with our State improvenenta.
The discourse of the Rev. Geo.W. Bethune, minster
of the Third Reformed Dutch church of this
:ity, on the life and death of General Jackson, deivered
on Sunday, the fith of July, and now pubished
by a number of gentlemen who heard it prolounced,
is a production of unusual elegance and
lower. Let one quote for you a single passage of
.his able and stirring discourse:
"While thus I speak, the spell ol a irreat name eomti upin
our hearts, compelling u? to utter thslr thoughts IH
imotions. When the aun nf that morning (the last national
inniversury) a roar, it gilded the freah tomb ot one whose
;ar, for the first time since the 4th of July, 1776, failed to
lilirate w ith the thiinderings of bia country's birth-day joy;
ind a voice for the firai time answered not its cheers, which,
liner its boyish shout waa heard through the revolutionary
it rue, iiau never i-eni wanting in ine annon concjamauon.
rhe iron will whore upright strength never uuivertd
imidst tlie lightning storms that crashed around it in battle
>r in control era y; the adamantine judgment, against which
idverae opinions dashed themselves to break into acatlered
bam; the far-reaching faith, that flashed light upon dan;ers
hidden from the prudence uf all besides; the earnest
flection that yearned in u child's simplicity; the purpose of
i sage, a parent's tenderness, and the humble fidelity of a >
warn servant over the people who gave it rule and elevaion,
have ceased from among us. Andrew Jackson is no
lore ! lie, who confessed no authority on earth hut the
welfare of his country and his own convictions of right,
i-ho never turned to rest while a duty remained to be done,
nd who never asked the support of any human arm in hit
our of utmost difficulty, bowed his head meekly to the
ommand of the Highest, and walked calmly down Into the
rave, leaning upon the strength of .lesus: paused on the
threshold of humanity to forgive his enemies, to pray for
ur liberties, to bless his weeping household, and to leave
lie testimony of his trust in the gospel of the crucified;
nd then, at the full of a HahhaOi evening, passed into
lie rest which is eternal. His last enemy to be destroyed
/as death. Thanks be to God, who gave "him the vieary
through our Lord Jeaus Christ.'1
rHE MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CONfl
PANY OF NEW YORK.?Thi? institution,
luring the month of June, issued ninety new poliiee,
tie:
'o inert-).,nt. anil trader,, 31 To clergymen 7
'o clerk* - 10 To physician, - - 3
o agent, - 4 Ta lawyer, - 4
'o broker, , 3 To mechanic, . 8
o manufacturer, - 'I To arliata - - 3
'o bookaellcri and publlih* To aupercargo - . 1
era - To |>re.ident ol (bank 1
'o iron matter I Toe,abler do I
Po dantiit 1 To gentle mrn ... a
Po teacher 1 To ladie, . *0
Po grocera ... -I ?
I.ivet Inaured 90
Condition of this office on the la/ of February and at
fftu date.
>afr. No. of flic'e in'i Or. rtc'pte. I All 4' Ex. dta't Ini'i.
anuary 31.1 I0K) $194,067 $97,414 $97,97*
una 30th - 1813 191,907 3H.3I6 188,699
ncreaae lince I rJ~ atJUO 10,901 66,319
at Kebpiarr, y
M RnRllVSOlV nr??iHenI
Samvei. Hannat, secretary-.
Minti'rn Pojt, physician, 504 Broadway.
C. S. FOWLER, Agent,
July 22?eol w Washington.
1 OR08S GILLOTT'S PENS.?'W.
JL t_)v.r Fischer, iniporier of fancy and stapla
italinnrry, Rodger*'a cutlery, parchment, perfumery^
ind lancy nrticlen, haa received within a few daya,
jy the ship Virginia, direct from the celebrated
iianufacturer, Joseph Gillott, 150 gross of his best
netallic pens, comprising the following kinds; which
s'lll be sold wholesale and retail at Stationers' Hall.
W. FI8CHER.
Patent magnum bonttrr. pens.
Double Damascus do
F.agle do
Victoria do
Prince Albert do
Queen's Own do
Elongated point* do
Baronial do
Peruvian do
School do
Ladies' do
Principality do
Lithographic do
Mapping do
reaa tasra assa fPf nip.
Jrricc or Tran?portatiov, Baltimore and Ohio
Kailroa'd Compart,
Washington Branch,
July 19, 1845.
NOTICE.?On and nfter Sunday next, the 20th
instant, the seven o'clock train of cars from
Washington to Baltimore will be discontinued.
The train which now leaves Washington at
'clock, p- m., will be changed, on and afler Sunay,
the 30th instant, to 5) o'clock, p. m., as formrly
SAM'L STETTINIUS,
July 19?3t Agent.
FOR SALE, 300 cords of best quality vellow
pine wood. Also, hickory, oak, and anlnrarite
oal; which will be delivered for cash on ^reasonable
>rmn. rfcitnu/ionnAin,
10th Dirert and canal.
July 1?2aw3w