The daily union. [volume], August 21, 1845, Page 378, Image 2

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POLITICAL.
From the Uitin (Ms.) Argue, Aug. li
THE GRAY CONVENTION.
We publish to-day the proceedings of the demo
cratic convention at Grav, on Wednesday. Wi
have never published the doings of any of ourcoun
ty conventions with more unaffected pleasure thai
we do the proceedings of this; and for the good rea
son, that it was characterized by the utmost hanno
ny and good feeling. From the opening of the con
vention till the close?during the enure day?w<
heard not one unpleasant word. All was harnionj
and concession, that promiae well for the cause it
September next.
The convenuon waa full, (with the exception ol
Harpswell^which sent no delegates,) and was composed
of the sterling democracy of the county. Tht
candidates presented are good men and true, and ait
worthy the support of old Cumberland.
The candidate for governor and for the county
and senatorial offices are now fairly before us; and
it ia time that the organization in reference to theii
triumphant election should be begun. There ia note
but little time to elapse before the ballot-box will b<
presented for our sutfreges. It ia an important dec
tion; important rr suits hang upon it; a United Statei
senator for six years is one of them. Let nQ side
questions, or isms, crowded upon ua often by our poIttical
opponents, and too often fostered by luxe
warm friends, be thrust into our election for ulterioi
purposes. Let ua work for the cause?the causi
alone?end not for men.
Here is a list of men presented, which as respect
able a county convention as was ever gathered to
gether in Cumberland have selected with extraor
dinary unanimity. The democratic party is capable
of carrying them through triumphantly. Shai
it be done? or shall lukewarmness and our enemiei
defeat them? We do not believe it can be so. And
If* we Cftll (as we have often done in years gone by
and with equal confidence in the result) for our ok
comrades ist arms?the democrats of Cumberland
j county?to take their usual bold and manly stcpt
towards carrying the ark of democracy safely or
their shoulders through the Red-sea of federalism or
the 8th of September. Let us begin the goud work
' at once, nnd a few days will show tlmt the "Star ir
the East" is still a brilliant one in the political firmament.
DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION FOR CUMBERLAND
COUNTY, Ike.
This convention was held in the Universalis!
meeling-houso at Gray, agreeable to previous notice,
at 10 o'clock, a. in., on Wednesday, the 13th
instant.
j The convention was called to order by Captain
Sirout of Durham. A. Haines, esq., was chosen
chairman for the purpose of organisation.
,l Number of delegates in the county convention, 64
Hon. Wm. Dunn, of Poland, was elected presi
dent of the convention, having received 45 votes
! Mr. D. thanked the convention in an appropriate
I manner for the honor conferred upon him.
i Leander Valentine, of Westbrook, was appointed
Messrs. Goff, Yeaton, and Royal ware appointed
to receive, sort, and declare the rotea of county treasurer;
who reported aa follows:
Whole number of ballots 63?necessary to a
choice 32. John W. Smith had 46?Scattering 16;
and Gen. Smith was renominated.
Messrs. Leach, Smith, and Hall, were appointed
to the same duty for clerk of the courts. Reported
the whole number of ballots to be 57; of which,
I Charles Cobb had 56, and he was renominated.
Messrs. Freeman, Walerhouse, and Gross reported
the state of the vote for county commissioner,
in place of Chas. Hanaford, esq., whose term of office
had expired by law.
Daniel Merrill, of Fnlmouth, was nominated.
H. J. Swasey, esq., of Standish, was nominated
for county attorney.
Voted to adjourn one hour.
Met according to adjournment.
The committee (Messrs. Haines, Stone, Leach,
Littlefleld, and Ingalls) chosen to draught resolutions,
reported the following, which were adopted:
RESOLUTIONS.
Resolved, That it is the most solemn duty of this
convenuon to express the deep feeling of grief
which pervades its members, in common with the
citizens of the United Stales, at the decease of An
drew Jackson, whose life was devoted to the welfare
of his country, and to the support of the truo principles
of democracy and liberty.
Resolved, That in the election of Jamen K. Polk
to the presidency of the United States, we hail the
return of the administration to democratic principles;
' and we have the fullest confidence that, by his administration,
those principles will be illustrated and
y enforced.
Resolved, That the democratic party is now, aa in
times past, in favor of a divorce of the State from all
banking corporations, and a return to the indepen|
dent treasury system; that we are in favor of a tar'
iff for revenue purposes only, though discriminating
within that limit, to afford incidental protection to
own manufactures.
, Resolved, That the good and safety of the common
| country, and the respectability and dignity of the
democratic party, demand that politicians should be
. 1 honest, frank, and faithful; tliat they should stand
: f aloof from all intrigues and bargaining; that persona
^ in office should religiously adhere to, and carry out,
, the views and wishes of their constituents; that when
' the opinions of the constituency and those of the
! rcprenenuuive coiinin, uie opinions 01 m? reprek
sentative should yield lo those of the constituency;
and that it is the unquestionable right of the people
not to be alienated (at least, without their special
; consent thereto) from meeting to discuss and examine
the doings and votes of their representatives,
'f and, at their own option, approve or disapprove of
such doings and votes; and that any person who
1 would deny to the people this right, would violate
the sacred laws of republican liberty.
Resolved, That we regard the annexation of Texas
, to the United Slates as essential to the future welfare
of our country; iand that the firm determination
of our national administration to preserve the inj
tegrity of our northwestern territory should command
the "warmest approval of every American
citizen; and, further,
Resolved, That we solemnly reassert the right ol
the American Union to the whole of the Oregon
territory up to lulitude 54 degrees and 40 minutes
north; that we do not consider that right an open
question; that no compromise yielding a part of it to
Great Britain should be made, because our claim is
just, our title clear, and, if need be, our means amply
S competent to defend it.
Resolved, That the public acts of the Hon. John
Fairfield, the democratic senator from this State,
command our entire confidence, which is confirmed
by the able, faithful, and distinguished manner in
which he has discharged the various trusts conferred
upon him by the democracy of Maine.
Resolved, That, with undiminished confidence in
the ability, integrity, and democracy of tho Hon.
Hugh J. Anderson, we again cheerfully recommend
him to the suffrages of the people for re-election at
governor of this Stale.
Resolved, That we pledge ourselves to exert nl
just and honorable means to secure the election o<
the several nominees this day by us selected as can'
dulatrs for county officers for the county of Cum
beriand.
1 Voted the following resolution:
'' Resolved, That it is the sense of this conventior
that we instruct our representative in Congress ft
use his influence to reduce the pay of members, st
as to be adequate only to the services by them ren
dered.
Charles Holden, of Portland; Allen H. Cobb, o
Durham; and Jacob H. Clements, of Gorham, wen
appointed the county committee for (he ensuing po
j litical year.
The business having been completed, voted to ad
i journ the county convention.
Krom the Richmond Knquirer, Aug. 20
PATRIOTISM vs. FANATICISM.
Nothing?not even an enemy on our frontier?
I can check the venom of abolition which bursts forll
from the New York Tribune and other cognat
prints. Every sentiment of patriotism, every feel
lug of veneration for the constitution, and ever
wish for the glory and safety of our institution!
stem to be consumed by the fatal poison of anti
' slavery fanaticism. When the news arrived i
! New York of the probable declaration of war b
' Mexico, instead of sinking its party and fanati
prejudices, and giving its whole heart and soul t
* the adoption of the necessary measures for the vir
' ' dication of our national honor and the defence t
!' our rights against the unrighteous aggression of
foreign nation, see how the Tribune of Saturdn
; J stigmatizes a war, which, if it should occur, will I
I' forced upon us by Mexico, contrary to every rul
of right and justice:
"Mexico is about to appeal from our rapacity as
injustice lo the barbarous and bloody arbitrament <
II JW ll.i'sword, in inis r?-nrl, slie is mildly Dlina an
w#- misguided; l>u< for the blood which shall be shed i
R the contest, she will be far Ira guilty than thou af i
H teAo hare not resided \rilh all our might the perfidie>\
I! act ef rapine trhich is the cause of this most unnatur
[' drama of murder. It is too late now to avert ih
. guilty business. The issue of the war is not doubtfu
|l u \|. \m o is pitiably the weaker party, and must go i
I] a the wall. Soon our army will be us the Rio Crane
|| ? del Noria, with the dag or freedom at their heat
It fc nnd an endless procession of slaves in their rra
11 I The army will dispossess the Mexican duthoritie
the chained and cuffed procession behind will subdue
and cultivate the auil, dancing to the muaic of
the overseer'a whip. We aha!I ultimately 'annex'
Mexico down to the Sierra Madre, and then appropriate
New Mexico, Sonora and California, to pay
" the rrptnsts of the war .' These will be conquered by
t our urma and treasure; they will be monopolised by
- the land speculators and slate-drivers, and the rtol ex1
penaea or the war will be wrung from the sweat and
- toil of our honeat, hard-working millions. And they
- (a good part of them) will ahout and husza over
- rictorieJ which will All the land with a few vast un?
earned fortunes, and aend their own children hun'
gry and hopeless to miserable lain. Such la the
way of the world." i
f Again, in another article, the Tribune says:
" Was with Mexico !?The Texas iniquity
. seems to be culminating. We have long seen that
. Mexico could not avoid going to war with us.
That a scheme so iniquitous in its beginning, so de,
ceptive in its progress, and so reckless of all prcce[
dent in its consummation, should end In blood,
. wantonly and cruelly iked?not for liberty, but slavery
, ?not for principle, but plunder?was to be expect.
ed. We are not going to write on this subject now?
. we merely give the facts as we find them. If the
, spread or the area qf slavery and bloodshed may yet
. be averted, wc shall rejoice. The prospect, how.
ever, iadark."
Here ia rank, downright morel treason. The edr
itor of a leading American journal charges his own
s country with rapacity, injustice, murder, blood
wantonly and cruelly shed, and plunder. At a
moment when the black cloud of war is about to
cover theland, thff'same editor justifies the aggres
sion of a foreign nation, and bias her "Ood speed;"
because she is engaged in a noble crusade against
I the "rapacity and iniquity" of his own native couni
try ! Can treason go much farther?
I Let us now tum from this revolting picture to
, one more consonant with true patriotism. On the
1 same day that the Tribune issued its anathemas
I against its country's rights and honor, the Norfolk
( Va.) Herald nobly steps forward in vindication of
the insulted honor and threatened rights of the
United States. That paper, in common with its
whig associates, wan opposed to annexation; but,
as soon as it was achieved, it dropped the sword of
party, and took manly ground for its country.
While it deprecates the horrors of war?while it
fears the injury to our commerce by theprivateer com
> missions of Mexico?at the same time that Mexico
has no commercejin which we can retaliate?while
1 it apprehends that the effect of war will be to induce
. Mexico to repudiate her debt to us, and confiscate
the property of our citizens,?still, in spite of all
these unpleasant features, the Herald speaks the
i language of a patriot. We are proud to record it
i as a bright evidence that in Virginia none will be
found base enough to desert tneir country's flag
. when foreign enemies threaten us. How nobly do
. the following sentiments contrast with the fanatical
ravings of the N. Y. Tribune:
"But the question is not for us to decide. Mexico
has left us no choioe but the issue of arms, and
I we must accept the very unpleasant alternative.
Her wisdom and policy in taking so hazardous a
1 step are to be discovered hereafter. The plea upon
which she has taken that step is a moat unfortunate
one?the annexation of Texas (which she claims as
i her territory) to the United States, and which she is
; pleased to regard as a violation of her national honor,
which nothing but war can atone for, and a war,
too, which cannot result otherwise than in her discomfiture.
Such a claim is about as preposterous as can
well be conceived. Texas, which was as independent of
her as any other sovereign slate in the world, and the
independence of which Mexico herself had offered to recrise
on condition that she would not annex herself to
United States, she now claims as part and parcel of
her territory; and for that act of annexation, she makes
war upon the United Stales. Such infatuation is as
lamentable as it is extraordinary. But Mexico must
be made to learn that it is one thing to declare war,
and another to defend herself from its calamities; to
do which, she is utterly powerless. If she will have
war, let us give her enough of it."
From the Charlotte (N. C.) Jeff'ersonian.
TEXAS AND MR. WALKER.
"Now that I hare a sheep and a cow, every man biila me
good morrow."?Mont/in.
How true is this ancient mnxim of the philosopher!
When prosperity and success crowns an
enterprise, how many, who before were either lukewarm
or opposed, fall in, and unite with the crowd.
See the toast of the Hon. R. C. Winthron, and his
speech at Faneuil Hall, Boston, on the 4tn of July,
who, after opposing the measure, now "cannot refrain
from welcoming home another sisier in the
smfederacy."
Read the toast of a distinguished whig in Virginia,
at Martinsburg, on the 4th of July:
' By Charles J. Faulkner:?Texas: the light of her extinguished
star will reappear with increased bistre within the
circle of our own effulgent constellation, and henceforth the
glories of Yorktown and Han Jacinto will be the common
inheritance of one free and united people."
We may soon expect to see the rejoicings of the
"embodiment of whigery" from every quarter, and
many will be ashamed that they ever opposed it. Our
friend, Col. Barringer, after voting with John Q.uincy
Adams and others against Texas, in Congress,
now sees no objection to it. No thanks to Colonel
Barringer! Could his vote have prevented, Texas
would never be allowed to inscribe her lone star on
the star-spangled banner of the Union. Let the people
see and know this, and then they will know who
are their true friends.
To no one in the whole republic is greater credit
for this great measure due, than to the present Soo
retary of the Treasury, the Hon. Robert J. Walker.
As soon as the clouds of war from the bloody fields
of San Jacinto had cleared the horizon for the "lone
star," under his protecting wing it took shelter;
and bv his talents, activity, and zeal, it has increased.
until it now shines a star of the first magnitude in
our political firmament. Seldom has any effort,
however strongly commenced, been crowned with
such brilliant success. With all the firmness and
tact of the "Keystone State," Mr. Walker unites
the fire and talent of the South. And is not the suc'
cess of his favorite project a type of his own future
career? From a young man unknown to fame, he
enters Congress. We see him rising daily in pub.
lie estimation; in debate, contending with the master
spirits of the opposition, and defeating them by
his reason and his eloquence, until he leaves them
far behind in his career of honor and usefulness.
No part of the Union appreciates more than North
1 Carolina the merits of such a man. The harpy
1 hand of faction would dim the laurels of this distinguished
citizen, by misrepresenting his conduct in
relation to the commission sent to him by the governor
of Mississippi, in relation to his successor in
1 the Senate. His letter is published in this paper,
which completely overthrows the calumny, and
shows that Mr. Walker acted as he should. The
' commission was only to take effect on a certain
contingency, (election of printer,) and by a certain
day, (10th of March.) The contingency never
happened; and the Senate, but for the act of Provi1
dence, (death of a Senator,) would have adjourned
1 before the day arrived; and before it arrived, Mr.
Thompson hau left Washington. Those who bo.
fore blamed Mr. Walker, have since honorably retracted
their opinions; and he will gain new laurels
in an office filled once by a Hamilton, a Qallatin, a
Crawford, a McLane, and a Woodbury.
WAXHAW.
( Krom the Lancaster (Ohio) Eagle.
j COLONEL MEDILL.
It must be peculiarly gratifying to the democracy
of Fairfield countv, to witness the high regard in
f which their estimable friend and neighbor, Colonel
t Medill, is held by the administration, and by the
- most distinguished members of the democratic party
throughout the country. His fine talents, sound
- judgment, honorable bearing, and unwavering integrity,
have won him friends and admirers far be..n?rl
,U? knnnrl.*;.. ,.C I Ui.
yuiiu MIC uwunubuvo UI uui cuuiiijr UIIU OUtlC. nin
worth in an fully known and appreciated in Washington
aa in Ohio. The recent appointment of Col.
Medillaa the chief of the Appointment Bureau of the
- Poat Office Department, is apoken of in terma of the
h wannest commendation by the leading democratic
e papers of Ohio. That office ia one of great responI
nihility and trust. It directly controls a larger numy
bcrof appointments than any other office in the dei,
partmenta. It is therefore regarded, at Washington,
i- aa an office of the firal importance, which, to give
it satisfaction to the people, and shield the government
y from unjust animadversion, requires an incumbent
c possessing qualifications and talents rarely combined
0 in one individual. Colonel Medill was not an applii
cant for that or any other poat; but the President,
>f the Postmaster Oeneral, and the united voice of
a those associated with the administration, fixed on
y Colonel Medill aa the very man to discharge the
>e delicate, and laborious duties of that trust, with honle
or to himself and credit to the government. By
their urgent solicitation, he was prevailed upon to
n/ accept it. Honor like this, which follows well,f
doing, is the highest that can be conferred upon an
d American ciliren.
n The democracy of Fairfield county could not
ii but be highly gratified with Colonel Medill's npu
pointment, but they cannot avoid regretting the loss
?I of his society, good counsel, and invaluable aid in
|C our political struggles. He lias been for years em1
phatically our main stay. No man ever battled
o more valiantly forourglorions cause, and no man is
le mora beloved by hia political friend*. Wherever
J, hi* abiding place?whatever hia deatiny?the democr.
racy of Fairfield will feel the moat affectionate aolicia;
tude for hia welfare.
COMMUNICATIONS. J
KortlM Union. ('
TEXAS?HER RIGHTFUL BOUNDARY? *
JUSTICE TO THE PRESIDENT.
As the great queation of annexation ia on the eve ?
of consummation, it ia with pain ami regret that 1 ?
have witnessed the course of the National Inlelli- ,|
gencer in relation to the occupation, bv our troo|>s,
of that territory. The editor haa labored hard to 0|
create the impression that, if our troopa should pro- jt
ceed west or the Nuecea, they would bo invading
the territory of Mexico. This is an acknowledg- ? ,
ment that all of the territory east of the Nuecea did d,
not belong to Mexico, but to the republic of Texas. w
This ia, indeed, an important admission for one who
haa labored so long in advocating the claims of Mex- ?
ico; but I would respectfully aak the editor, how b<
does he come to this wise conclusion? Haa a con- p,
venlional line ever been established between Mexi- u,
co and Texas? None whatever; because Mexico m
haa pertinaciously refused to acknowledge the independence
of Texas, and upon this ground alone de- IH
nies our right to annex her to our glorious Union, g.
If, then, (according to the argument of the Intelli- fi,
gencer,) our troops would not be invading the terri- |t
lory or Mexico, by occupying tnai poruon w??i oi th
ihe Nueces, there would he no invaeion by occupying J,
that portion west of (he Nueces to the Rio del Norte, w
This was the original boundary according to the a]
treaty by which we acquired Louisiana, and which hi
would have been acknowledged by Don Onis,_if Mr. rc
Adunia had even suggested it, in the treaty of 1819, th
by which we acquired Florida, as Mr. Erving's letler
to General Jackson so fully established. Hs |u
stated positively and emphatically in that letter, that 0i
Spain "had gicen express authority to htr minister ( Dot\ cc
Onis) to surrender as Jar as the Colorado, or even to llu cc
Rio del Norte," to the government of the United m
States. Pi
The question of annexation, according to the CJ
logic of the "National Intelligencer," must turn to
upon the rightful boundary of Texas, which it is
gravely decides to be the Nueces; and contends that, pi
if our troops should march west of that river, it 'f
would be an invasion of Mexican territory, which fr
would be virtually a declaration of war on the part of BE
our government; and thus, by this inference, it would
create the impression that the President had violated fr
his oath of office, because the power to declare wnr C
belongs exclusively to Congress; and then, should gc
England interfere, justify her in anything she might efl
think proper to do in giving aid to the Mexican al
government, should war ensue. th
England and France have acknowledged the in- th
dependence of Texas; therefore, according |to Vattel,
und other writers upon the laws of nations, to
they have no right to interfere with any compact at
into which she may enter, so long oh she does H|,
not infringe upon the rights of other nutions. But Ji
if the editor of the "Intelligencer" can make it Rll
appear that the Nueces is the rightful boundary if
of Texas, and that the occupation by our troops ey
west of that river is equivalent to a declaration of of
war, he would justify the interference of Great n
Britain. This seems to me to be the drift of his pe
argument. In discussing this question, he acknow- by
ledged our right and our duty to give aid to Texas f0
after she had accepted the terms of annexation, for eti
which he deserves the thanks of the American people;
but, in attempting to create new difficulties, by m
contending that if our troops occupied that portion |ei
of Texas west of the Nueces, it was an invasion of fe
Mexican territory, (which is virtually a declaration p<
of war,) I am pained to say that he is not actuated (o
by a pure American heart, nor has he studied the th
geography of that country. In speaking of Texas an
proper, and her true and legitimate boundary, we, n<
as a nation, must be guided by the treaty or Louis- Oi
iana, by which we acauired that territory, and dot lir
by any claim which Mexico may set up at this important
moment. af
Frederick Leclerc, member of the Society of Na- an
tural History of France, impressed with the import- w
ance of Texas In a commercial point of view, visit- en
ed that country after she had declared her indepcrid- br
ence, and says: "The revolution which has made, of
before our eyes, an independent republic out of the tw
Mexican province of Texas, is, at the same time, as
one of the most singular events of contemporary his- pi
tory, and one of the occurrences which will exer- |a
cisc the greatest influence upon the political and social
future of North America. The gigantic progress
of that new State; the extraordinary increuse
of its population; the impulse which it imparts to '?
the mina and to physical interests in the bosom of ar
the United States, along the Gulf of Mexico, and in in
all the northern provinces of the Mexican republic j
between tlto Atlantic ocean and the sea of California;
the importance which its immense powers of y
production give it in the commercial world,?such, _?
at this moment, are the motives which ought to Qi
draw the attention of Europe upon Texas." This Re
is the language of a learned and scientific man in re- he
lation to the value of Texas, in a commercial point ar
of view; and he calls the "allenlion of Europe" to
her natural resources. 'Would the editor of the National
Intelligencer be willing that the commercial
advantages so beautifully described by Professor
Leclerc should be enjoyed by Europe, at the expense
of the United States? If he would, then I
am not in the least surprised at his contending for t
theNucces as the rightful boundary of Texas proper;
because west of that river is tho most important j
to the United States, both in a military and com- j,t
mercial point of view. In fact, Nature seems to have
intended the Rio dd Norte as a natural boundary
between two nations whose language, manners, and ?
customs are so directly at variance with each other. T
The natural boundaries of Tcxasare the Sabineto the X
oust) the Red river to the north; to the west, a chain of
of mountains, whose eastern slope gives birth to the fir
tributaries of the upper waters of the Brazos, to those mi
of the Colorado, and to the Colorado itself; then in the S[
direction from northwest to southeast, to complete fo
the western frontier, the Rio Grande del Norte as
far as the sea; finally, on the south, the Gulf of Mex- .
ico between the mouth of the Sabine and that of
the Rio Grando. Such are the great natural lines '4
which mark the boundary of Texas on the map.
In looking minutely at it, it will be discovered that *Texas
is one of the best watered countries in the
world. In going from west to east, there are not "
less than nine considerable rivers, which are the
Rio Nueces, the San Antonio, the Guadalupe, the "
Colorado, the Brasos, the San Jacinto, the Rio Trinidad,
the Naches, and the Sabine; the greater num- ^
her of which have their mouths in the Gulf of
Mexico. The others empty not fur from the sea
into the principal river, which empties its waters
therein directly.
If, in giving this condensed geographical description
of Texas, that the editor of tho lntslligen- lu
cer may understand the true interests of his coun- trl
try, I shall convince him of his error, (if it may be ?v
so termed,) it is to be hoped that he will retrace
his steps, at this important crisis, and stand by her. ,n
In contending that, if our troops should occupy the P'
country west of the Nueces, it would lie an invasion
of me Mexican lemiory, n is an innuenuo irnu mo ?
President had violated the constitution, which he te
had sworn to protect and defend. This is unman- j*
ly and ungenerous; for I am proud as an Ameri
can, und one who entered into the discussion of this
great question at its commencement, to bear witness
to his fidelity to his country in relation to this great
national question. ~
ALGERNON SYDNEY. J
For the Union. ^
Wilh every prospect of a war with Mexico, "and ll1
ill conneqnencr*," it becomes the duty of all good and w
(rue Americans to look forward to the event of a
war with our old enemy, and to be prepared to ilrike,
not to "fendqff," at a moment's warning. To enable
us to do this with effect, the subject cannot be m
discussed too much, or too freely. I do not wish
to be considered an advocate for war; but it may be
thrust upon us, and it is our duty to be prepared to di
meet it.
You have correspondents who appear to have
taken upon themselves the "lake defence*" of our fc
country. While one party ia in favor of Pittsburg
as the important point to prepare, another is equally b<
sanguine that the Mississippi and a ship-canal-to
the lakes are all that is necessary for the purpose, bi
They both speak "by authority"?one for tne navy,
and the other for the army. If I am not trenching
on forbidden ground, and invading the rights and ol
privileges of those "charged wilh the subject," 1
should like to be heard through the medium of your
Valuable paper?not arrogating to myself any ex- ?
elusive privileges, but willing to let my opinions p
be fairly canvassed, and pass For their real worth.
In the first place, Harry Bluff argues that, with a
ship-canal from the Mississippi to Lake Michigan, '
the story is told. While he is engaged on this, he 4
ia willing (or must be) to let John Bull get as many f
vessels from the ocean, rta the Kideau and Welland V
canals, as he may think necessary; and when all are i
ready, there ia to lie a tremendous fight somewhere. r
We are to come off victorious in the fight, of course; 0
or WO Bliail IWTO nw an uur wuvi " vain, nriu ire
worse off than before we began. Your other correa
pondent i* in favor of operating upon the lakea by r'
land, aa Paddy would aay. It appears to me, that rl
this is "all in the wrong." It is lieginning at the
wrong end; added to which, the idea of building ?
vessels on the Mississippi or Ohio rivers, and transporting
them to the lakes in any numker, is not only
an uncertain, but an unnecessary waste of time and
money. We built good vessels "last war" on the 1
lakes, and ran do so again; but we don't want them. J
There are now afloat on the upper lakes (Erie and
above) more vessels than we shall require to arm in "
a war with England, at the present time, to take b
and keep possession of those lakes. It is true, they
9 not, at preaent, belong to the navy; but they are
lere, afloat, and can, with little labor and expense,
^imperatively,) be converted into aa good war reads
aa will be needed on the lakea, and in lesa lime
>an Harry Blulf would be employed in getting one
f hia craA through hia ship-canal, especially in the
lonth of September; and I do not believe the eneiy
would wait for Harry, ahould his canal unlucky
be athirat. *
At this late day, with our resources and means
r offence and defence, 1 must be allowed to say,
is all idle talk, to be planning for llio "defence of
ir northern frontier." Our only plans inust be to
carry the war into Africa." The fighting ihust be
ne on the land, and in the enemy's country,
here only our enemy will be able to meet us. The
kes are ours?the Wetland canal must be ours ill
few weeks after the fray begins. Our care should
b uiui inc enemy uuc? uu? uwiwy ?, wiu ucrive
ua of the use of it. The Rideau canal, if not
trs alio, aan easily l>e rendered useless to our eney
for transporting ships of wur.
The grand mistake made by your correspondents
, in looking back to the wur of 1812-'14, and ariting
from what was enacted on the northern fronsr
during that period, military blunders included,
becomes us to view things as they are, and not as
ey were. Our frontier presents an aspect totally
fl'erent from that-of 1?12-'14. At that lime our
hole northern frontier was a wilderness, with the
cception of a few scattered villages along it. We
id no communication by steam on the lakes; no
>ads from the interior. Detroit was aim wit out of
ie world. Now, what is the fact? Canals and
ilroads striking it at every point; steamers on the
kes, to transport troops, Ac., with des|>atch, from
ie point to another, as they may be required. I
>uld, if necessary, prove, beyond a doubt, that we
tuld transport ten, twenty, or even thirty thousand
en, with all their baggage, Ac., Ac., from Eastern
ennsylvania to the lines, in less time, and at less
t|iense, than they could have marched from Utica
Sackett's Harbor in 1812. JVbw. our frontier
lined with large anil flourishing cities, filled with
'ovisiuns of all kinds required to subsist an army.
'hen, every barrel of flour used had to be transported
0111 the interior, at an immense cost of time, as well
i money.
1 repeut, that we must not plan the "defence ofthe
unlier." We must penetrate the Canndas by the
hamplain route; take possession of Montreal, or
ime other point on the Saint Lawrence, so as to
lectually cut the enemy's line of communication
id defence. Having done this, we most attack
em at all points above?on the Saint Lawrence,
e Niagara, Detroit, the lakes?with activity,
vhich is the soul of war,) enterprise, and courage,
gether with some hard fighting, and the Canadus
tove Quebec must be ours in one campaign; and it
lould be a short one, too. This may appear "Bobalish"?to
coin a word?and will be ridiculed by
me of our sapient editors, who will refer back to
112. Some of our "regulars," too, will raise their
'elids, and aay, "What does 'A Volunteer' know.
' such matters?" and they, too, will refer to 1812I.
To all such 1 reply: Look at the map again;
e how the land lies. Upper Canada, outflanked
l large and populous States, filled with meii eager
r the contest, if it must be so?and then let them
ijoy their own opinion.
We are told that England has twenty thousand
en in the provinces, and will have 40,000. Well,
tit be so. She has a long line of frontier to dend?must
divide her forces, or give up many
lints without a struggle; and. moreover, she is a
ng way from home. I do not pretend to assert
at we shall gain the victory without a struggle?
id a hard one, too; but it tnusf be met with quickiss,
and with an ample force, once and for all.
iir country possesses the means, and hands wiltg
to use them when called upon.
I shall only add a word to Harry Bluff;?that,
ler Mic. nrsi campaign, I snail leuve ine seu-consi
id the ocean to him, where, if I mistake not, he
ill have an ample field to display his known talents,
iterpriue, and courage; ample for himself and all his
ethren afloat. The landlubbers will take care
' Canada, nfier that time; and if a stray vessel or
ro should keep the jtit, or the lakes, she will be
bad off as the Flying Dutchman, with no port to
it into. In the mean time, we have vessels on the
kes without a ship-canal.
A VOLUNTEER.
Our correspondent seems to be preparing
r a contest, which we sincerely hope will not
rive for years to come. Yet the maxim of Wosliglon
was?and it was the maxim of solid wis>m?"/n
peace prepare for utar.".?Union.
jouskiiold furniture; carriage
71 AND HARNESS, &c. AT AUCTION?
ri Saturday morning next, at 9 o'clock, we shall
II, in front of our auctii. o store, an cxcollent lot of
>usehold and kitchen furniture; among which
c
Mahogany hair-scat sofas and chairs
Cane und rush chairs, sideboards
Dining and other tables
Crockery-ware, clocks, carpets
Bedsteads, beds, mattresses, bureaus
Wnrdrobes, washstands, toilet sets, &c.
IVith many other excellent articles, und a lot of
tchen requisites.
llso, a good carriage and harness, suitable for a
ick.
R. W. DYER & CO.,
August 21?2t Auctioneers.
"ECLECTIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE, Cin.j
cinnati, Ohio.?The Full and Winter Course
Lectures commences in this institution on the
st Monday in November, and continues four
onths; which is immediately followed by the
iring and Summer Course, which ulso continues
ur months.
The arrangements for the session are as follows:
, L. Hill, M. D., on Anatomy $10 00
,s. H. Oliver, M. D., on Chemistry and
Pharmacy 10 00
. E. Jones, M. D., on Botany, Therapeutics,
and Materia Mcdica 10 00
. Cox, M. D , Surgery and Mcdicul Jurisprudence
10 00
. H. Baldriooe, M. D., on Obstetrics and
Disenses of Women and Children 10 00
. V. Morrow, M. D., Physiology, Pathology,
and Theory and Practice of Medicine
10 00
Matriculation fee, three dollars. Payments for
ikets in advance.
This, institute was chartered by the Inst legislure
of Ohio, and is under the control of a board of
ustees. The course of instruction will embrace
erything of any value taught in both the old rcgur
colleges and the reformed or botanical schools of
edicine. Candidates for graduation will lie ex
:cted to comply with the usual requisition!,
ourding ran be bad at two dollars per week. Perms
wishing further information will address a letr
(post paid) to (lie undersigned, on Sixth street,
itwcen Vine and Walnut. Lecture rooms at
ourth Street Hall.
T. V. MORROW, M. D.,
Dean of the Puculty.
Aug. 21?4t
JOU8EHOLD FU K MTU RE^PIANO FORTE,
<ic. AT AUCTION.?On Wednesday next,
ie 27th instant, at_10i o'clock, we shall sell in the
avy Yard, at the residence of the 1st lieutenant of
ie yard, his household and kitchen furniture, among
hich we enumerate the following articles:
Mahogany hair-seat chairs, and hair-seat sofas
Mahogany centre and breakfast tables
Parlor and chamber window curtains and ornalents
Hnndsontc set girandoles, cake baskets
Dinner and tea sets, cut-glass tumblers, wines,
? canters, &c.
Ottomans, lard and other lamps
Handsome and superior-toned mahogany piano
irte, nearly new
Piano stool, carpets, mahogany French and other
edsteads
Hair mattresses, mahogany dressing and other
ureaua
Mnrble-top mahogany and other washstands
With many other articles, and a good assortment
f kitchen requisites.
Terms nt sale. R. W. DYER dt CO.,
August 21?co&dsif Auctioneers.
LEASURE TRIP TO PINEY POINT, OLD
POINT, AND NORFOLK.
By request, the steamer
OCEOLA will make another
Pfcp. ? cheap trip to the abovenamed
piaces on Saturday next, the
r i?r
I MB Willi, leaving TTunnigton
at 19 o'clock, and Alexandria at half-past 12
'clock; returning, will leave Norfolk on Sunday
rening at 6 o'clock, and arrive at Washington next
torning. Persons whose business prevents them
r>m leaving fcr a longer time, will find this to be a
heap, healthy, and pleasant trip.
Passage and fare to Piney Point, and returning,
3; Norfolk, and returning, 15.
JAMES MITCHELL, Captain.
Aug. 20?d
Boarding.?Mrs. b. m.smoot win have, in
a few days, two or three large and airy rooms
acated. Persons wanting to be near the deparlicnts,
could not be better situated than on F street,
etween 13th and 14th streets.
Aug. 18?3t
EDITOR'S CORRESPONDENCE.
[From our Regular Correspondent ]
THE COPPER REGION.
La Points, Lake ScrKRioa,
July 28, 1845.
In my lust brief letter from thia place, I had not
time to notice many things which 1 desired to describe.
I have now examined the whole coast of
the southern shore of Luke Superior, extending
front the Suult Sle. Murie to La Pointe, including
a visit to the Ansr, und the doubling of Keweenu
point. During the trip, us stated previously, we
hud camped out twenty-one nights. I examined the
mines worked by the Pittsburg company at Copper
harbor, and those worked by the Boston coni|iany
at Eagle river, as well as picked up all the information
1 could about other portions of the mineral district,
both off and on shore. The object I hud in
- C...I |
View wneil VIHlllllg li, w?? IU mm UUI, no utoi ?o ?
could, the naked facu in relation to it. The distance
of the lake-ahore traversed by my party to
La Pointe was about five hundred miles?consuming
near four weeks' time to traverse it. 1 have
still before me a journey of three or four hundred
mtlea before 1 reach the Mississippi river, by the
way of the Brul? and St. Croix rivers. I know the
public mind Iihs been recently much excited in relation
to the mineral region of couNtry of Lake Superior,
and that a great many stories are in circulation
about it. I know, also, tliut what is suid and
published about it. will be read with more or less
interest, especially by parlies who have embarked
in any of the speculations which huve been got up
about it. It is due to truth and candor, however,
for me to declare it ns my opinion, tbat the whole
country has been overrated. That copper is found
scattered over the country equal in extent to the
trap-rock hills and conglomerate ledges, either in
its native state, or in the lorm of a black oxide, as
a green iilicalt, and, perhaps, in some oilier forms,
cannot be denied;- but the difficulty, so fur, seems
to be that the copper ores ure too much diffused,
and that no veins Buch as geologists would term permanetU
have yet positively been discovered.
The richest copper oro yet found is that raised
from a vein of black oxide, at Copper harbor, worked
by the Pittsburg company, which yields about
seventy per cent, of pure copper. But this conglomerate
cementation of trap-rock, (lint, pebbles,
die., and sand, brought together in a fused black
mass, (us is supposed, by the overflowings of the
trap, of which ine hills are composed near this
place,) is exceedingly hard and difficult to blast. An
opinion seems to prevail among many respectable
geologists, that metallic veins found in conglomerate
ure never thought to be very permanent.
Doctoi Pettit, however, informed me that he had
traced the vein for near a mile through the conglomerate,
and into the hill of trup, across a
small lake in the rear of Fort Wilkins. The direction
of the vein is from northwest to southeast
through the conglomerate, while the course of the
lake-Bhore and hills at this [dace varies little from
north and south. Should the doctor succeed in
o[iening a permanent vein in the hill of trup opposite,
ot which he is sanguine, it is probable this
mine will turn out to be exceedingly vuluable. As
to these matters, however, time alone, with further
explorations, must determine. The doctor assured
me that he was at present paying his way, in merely
sinking shafts over the vein preparatory to mining
operations; which he considered a circumstance fuvorable
to the mine, os this is not of common occurrence.
The mines at Copper harbor and Eagle river are
the only two as yet sufficiently broached to enable
one to form any tolerably accurate opinion as to
their value or prospects.
Other companies are about commencing operations,
or talk of doing so?such as a New York, or
rather Albany company, calling themselves " The
Veto York anil Lake Superior Mining Company," untler
the direction of Mr. Larned, of Albany, in whose
service Dr. Euhts has been employed as geologist.
They have made locations at various points?at
Dead river, Agate harbor, and at Montreal river. I
bclteve they have commenced mining to some extent
at Agate harbor.
One or two other Boston companies, besides that
operating at Eagle river, have been formed with the
design of operaung at other points. Mr. Bernard,
formerly of St. Louis, is at the head of one of them.
Besides these, there is a kind of Detroit company,
organized, it is said, for operating on the Ontonagon
river. It has its head, 1 believe, in Detroit, and its
tail almost everywhere. 1 have not heard of their
in ill trir i hi/ ihim fur- ttn.Mtrh Ih.u ll,,.v
have found some valuable mines. Time must determine
that. I wish it may be so.
~ From Copper harbor, 1 paid a visit to Eagle river?
u small stream inaccessible to any craft larger than
a moderate-sized Mackinac boat. There is only
the open lake for a roadstead ofT IBs mouth, and no
harbor nearer than Eagle harbor, some, few miles to
the cast of it. In passing west from Cop|?er harbor
along the northern shore of Kewccnu point, the
coast, almost from the extremity of Keweena point,
to near Eagle river, is an iron-bound coast, presenting
huge, longitudinal, black, irregular-shaped masses
of trap-conglomerate, often rising up ten or fifteen
feet high above water, at some distance from
the main shoro, leaving small sounds behind Ihem,
with bays, to which there are entrances through
broken continuities of the advanced breakwaterlike
ledges. Copper harbor is thus formed by
Porter's island, on which the agency has been so
injudiciously placed, and which is nothing but n
conglomerate island of this character, with its sides
next the lake raised by Nature, so as to afford a
barrier against the waves that beat against it from
without. The surface of the island over the conglomerate
is made up of a mass of pebbles nnd fragmentary
rock, mixed with a small portion of earth,
wholly or quite incapable of cultivation. Fort
Wilkins is located about two miles from the agency,
on the main land, between which and the fort communication
in winter is difficult, if not impossible.
Of the inexcusable blunder made in putting this
garrison on its present badly-selected site, 1 shall
have occasion to speak hereafter.
In travelling up the coast from Sault St. Marie, the
first 50 or 100 miles, the shore of Lake Superior
exhibits, for much of the distance, a white sandy
beach, with a growth of pines, silver fir, birch, &c.,
in the rear. This beach is Blrewcd in places with
much whitened and abraded drift-wood, thrown
high on the banks by heavy waves in storms, and
the action of ice in winter. This drift-wood is met
with, at places, from one end of the lake to the other,
which we found very convenient for fire-wood at
our encampments. The sand on the southern shore
terminates, in a measure, at Grand Sables, which are
immense naked pure sand-hills, rising in an almost
perpendicular form next to the lake, of from 200 to
300 feet high. Passing this section, we come to
white sund-stonc in the Pictured Rocks. Leaving
these, we make the red sand-stone dills of Grand
Island, and red sand-stone promontories nnd shore,
at various points from this section, to the extreme
end of the luke. It never afterwards wholly disappears.
Between promontories of red stone are headlands,
&c., standing out often in long, high, irregu
lar cliffs, with traverses of from ti, 7, to 8 mile*
from one to the other, while a kind of rounded bay
stretches away inland, having often a sandy beach
at its base, with pines growing in the forest in the
rear. Into these bays, small rivers, nearly or quite
shut in summer with sand, enter the lake.
The first trap-rock we met with, was near Dead
river, and at some few points west of it. We then
saw no more of it immediately on the coast, till we
made the southern shore of Keweena point. All
around the coast by the A use, around Keweena
bay, we found nothing hut alternations of sand
beaches and sand-alone cliffs and points. The inland,
distant, and high hills about Huron river, no
doubt, urc muinly composed of trap-rock.
Near Little Montreal river, the trap-hills rise1
boldly from the water's edge to a very considerable
height, in sombre nakedness, forming an imposing
and interesting scene.
Qoing west from Eagle river, we soon after lost
both conglomerate and trap-rock, and found, in their
stead, our old companions?red sand-stone shores,
cliffs, and promontories, alternating with sandy or
gravelly beaches.
The trap-rock east and west of the Portage river
rises with, and follows, the range of high hills running,
at most points irregularly, from northeast to
southwest, parallel with the lake shdre. It is said
to appear in the Porcupine mountain, which runs
parallel with Iron river, and at right angles to the
lake shore. This mountain is so named by the Indians,
who conceived its principal ridge In ire a likeness
to a porcupine; hut, to my fancy, it hears n better
resemblance to a huge hog, with its snout stuck
down at the lake-shore, and its back and tail running
into the interior. This river and mountain are
found about twenty miles west of the Ontonagon
river, which is said to lie the largest stream that |
empties into the lake. The site for a farm, or the;
location of an agency, at its mouth, is very beautiful,
and admirably suited for cither purpose. The soil
is good; the river safe for the entrance and secure
anchorage of schooners, and navigable to large
liarges and keel-boats for twelve miles above its
mouth. The trap range, believed to be as rich in
copper orca an any part ol Lake Superior, crosses;
thia river near ita forks, abnut fifteen milea above its
mouth. The government have organized a mineral
agency at ita mouth, anil appointed Major Campliell
aa agent to reaide at it; than whom, u belter aeleclion
could not have been made.
The neareal approach the trap-rock hilla moke to
the lake-ehore, beyond the Porcupine mountain, ia
on the Montreal river, a short distance above the
full*. Beyond Montreal river, to La Pomte, we found ao
red-clay clitfa, baaed on red aand-atone, to occur, w,
Indeed, thia combination frequently occurred at ta
arjoua sections of the ooaat?beginning, firm, some th
miles west of the Portage. en
Prom Copper harbor to Agate harbor is called w
7 miles: to La?le river. 20 miles; to the Portage, hi
4# miles; lo the Ontonagon, 80 miles; to La Pointe, lai
from Cop|?er harbor, 170 miles. From the latter he
place to the river Hrul< ia about 70 miles; up which fri
we expect to ascend for 75 miles, nuike a portage of
three miles to the St. Croix river, and descend that rci
for 300 miles to the Mississippi river. th
(joiner back to Eagle river, at the time of our visif
we found at the mine Mr. Henahaw, Mr Wil- CO
liama, and Dr. Jackson of Boston, and Dr. Houghton
of Michigan, who was passing from Copper
harbor to meet his men at his principal camp on
Portage river, which he. expected to reach that
night. The doctor is making a rapid and thorough
survey of the country. This work he is conducting SK
in a duplicate manner, under the authority of the i
United Stales government. It is both a tojmgraphical
and geological survey. All his surveyors carry
sacks, into which they put pieces of rock broken
from every prominent mass they see, and carry
into camp at night, for the doctor's examination, ..
from which he selects specimens for future use.
The doctor, from possessing extraordinary strength j c"
of constitution, can undergo exposure and fatigue ; lal
sufficient to break down some of the hardiest men I jn.
that can he found in the West. He wears his beard | '
as long as a Dunkard's; has a coat and patched;
(Mints mode of l>ed ticking; wears a flat-crowned, of
ash-colored, wool hat, and a piece of small hemp wl
cord for a guard chain; and, with two half-breed In- tje
dinns and a small dog us companions, embarks in
a small hark, moving and travelling ulong the lake SP
shore with great celerity. I
We all sat down to dinner together, by invitation iv<
of Mr. Williams, und ate heartily of good, whole- rer
some fare. j'1^
After dinner we paid a visit to the shafts at the BV)
mine, sunk to a considerable deptli in two or three of
places. Only a few men were at work on one of l'b
the shafts; the others seemed to be employed on nK,
the s.lM-tuill erecting near the month of the river. teli
Others were at work ill cutting timber, <&.c. dc<
They had also a crushing-mill in a state of for- "d
wardness, near the mine.
It is what has been said and put forth about the (|e,
value of this mineral deposite, which has done more tli?
to incite and feed the copper fever than all other
things put together.
Dr. Jackson was up here hist year, and has this a<li
year come up again in the service of the company.
Without going very far to explore the country else- JJ'j
where, he has certainly been heard to make some |avl
very extravagant declarations about this mine,? n,u
suc.li as that he "eon tillered it worth a million afdul- cbi
larsthat some of the ore raised was "worth
W.HOO or #3,001) per ton!" So extravagant have
been the talk and calculations about this mine, that the
shares (in its brief lease) have been sold, it is said, ''*
for $500 per share!?or more, perhaps!! No doubt, 'Jj*
many members of the company are sincere, and Te,
actually believe the mine to be immensely valuable. Jot
Mr. Williams and General Wilson, both stock- ''l0
holders, strike a trade between theinaelves. One
agrees or offers to give the other $30,000 for his Coi
interest, which the other consents to take. Thia tail
transaction, under norne mysterious arrangement, 01
appears in the newspapers, and is widely copied.
Without wishing to give an opinion as to the #0i
value and permanency of this mine, (in which many ert
persons have become, probably, seriously involved,)
even were I as well qualified to do so as some oth- ?tj.
era, I can only state what are the views of some sci- els
entific and practical gentlemen with whom I fell in or i
while in the country, who were from the eastern
cities, and carefully examined the famous Eagle the
river silver and copper mine. I do not allude to <1ut
Dr. Houghton;, for he declines to give an opinion to K'v
any one about any part of the country. jj}'
They say this mine is a deposite mine of native sil- an<]
ver and copper in pure trap-rock, and no vein at all; ili<l
thnt it nresenLs the annearance of these metals beinf el"1
mingled broadcast in the mass of trap-rock; that, in J},,?
sinking a shaft, the constant danger is, that while uui
a few successive blasts may bring up very rich tha
specimens of the metals, the succeeding blast l"?
or stroke of the pick-axe may bring up nothing 8ir
but plain rock. In other words, that, in all such nev
deposite mines, including depositions of diffused in i
particles of nulive metals, there is no certainty in ''f
their permanent character. How fur this mine will rllt
extend through the trap, or how long it will hold tliu
out, is a matter of uncertainty. Indeed, time alone
will show.
It is said metallic veins are most apt to be found the
in a permanent form where the mountain limestone tha
and trap come in contact. I'u>
I have no prejudice against the country, or any ^
parties whatever. My object is to find out and tell Hoi
the truth. I sincerely wish the whole mineral dis- rue
trict, and the Eagle mine in particular, were as rich "
as it has been represented to be. I should like to
see such vust mineral wealth ns it has been held fn ,
forth to be, added to the resources of the country. elm
Unless Dr. Pettit has succeeded in fixing the
vein of black oxide in the side of the mountain or J"
hill, it is believed by good judges that no permanent ing
rein h<u yet been discovered, as far us has come to tlieir
knowledge, in the countriil! That much of the con- |a'
glomerate and trap-rock sections of the country, Jf,"',
however, present* strong indications and widely dif- the
fused nppearances of silverand copper ores, cannot ?rt
be denied; and from the great number of active
Ceruonu engaged in making explorations, it is possi- fea|
le, if not probnble, that valuable veins may be dis- iuh
covered in some portions of the country. ,
To find such out, however, if they exist, unless
by accident, must be the work of time and labor? VIs
perhaps of years?as the interior is exceedingly difficult,
or rather almost impossible, to examine, on ie*
account of the impenetrable nature of the woods. nnj
During our long and tedious journey, we were fa- nan
vored with a good deal of fine weather. We how- mo
ever experienced, first and last, five or six thunderstorms,
and some tolerably severe gales. ,.?T
Coasting for such a great length, and camping out *?r
at night, wna not without some trials and odd mci- ,m'1
dents?mixed with some considerable hardships. tra<
On the night before we reached La Pointe, we '
camped on u rough pebbly beach, some six or eight tra
n.ul Mnnlre.1 il,? I.. ,.f a 0
high clny cliffs. We kindled our fire on what appeared
to be a clear bed of rather large and rounded ICR
atones, at the mouth of h gorge in the cliffs. , 1
Next morning early, the, fire waa rekindled at the 'cf'
same spot, although some rain had fallen in the
night it being Rtill cloudy, and heavy thunder roll- nej
ing, indicating an approaching atorm. I had placed ,,UI
some potatoes in the fire to roast, while some of the Jjjjj
voyageurs were getting other things ready for break- prt.
fust; but before we could gel anything done, the Ing
rain came down upon us in torrents. We soon dis- w"
covered that we had kindled our fire in the bed of <
a wet weather creek. The water rapidly rose, lis
put out the fire, and washed away my potatoes. 2(ii
We had then to kindle a new fire at a higher boi
place, which was commenced at the end of n small Fr
crooked log. One of the voyageurs had set the pai
frying-pan on the fire with an Indian pone or cake Sti
an inch thick, and large enough to cover the bottom for
it. The under" side hnd begun to bake; another 'l
hand had mixed the* cofiee, and set the coffee-pot on th<"
to boil; while a third had been nursing a pot boiling jJJ
with pork and potatoes, which, as we were detained
by rain, the voyageurs thought best to prepare for <>n
two meals One of the party, unfortunately, not the
observing the connexion between the crooked pole, " j
and the fire at the end of it, jumped with his whole
weight on it, which caused it suddenly to turn. In fe?
its movement, it turned the frying-pan completely ln*
over on the sand, with its contents, which became
plastered to the dirt. The coffee-pot wns also f, r,
trounced bottom upwards, and emptied its contents tioi
on the sand. The pot of potatoes and pork, not to
be outdone, turned over directly into the fire, and
very nearly extinguished it. We had, in a meas- noi
ure, to commence operations anew, it being nearly roe
10 o'clock before we could get breakfast When
near the Jiltulrlaint islands, (on the largest of which
La'Pointe is situated,) the following night, our pilot,
amidst the darkness of the evening, got bewildered ob
for a time, when we thought best to land and camp;; fal
which, luckily for us, was at a spot within eight of coi
La Pointe. Many trifling incidents of this churac- t
ter befell us in our long journey. ?t?
At the mouth of the Montreal river, we fell in
with a party of seventeen Indians, composed of old c|,
Martin and his band, on their way to I* Pointe, to the
be present st ihe payment expected to take place J,n
nuoui inn 10111 01 iiugusi. I Qf
They had their faces gaudily pointed with red 1 of
and blue stripes, with the exception of one or two.;
who had theira painted quite black, and were said
to be in mourning on account of deceased friends, phi
They had come from Prlican lake (or, aa the French no
named it, I-or Je Flambeau.) being near the headwaters
of the Wisconsin riser, and one hundred and ."'J,
fifty miles distant. They had with them their wises; all
children, dogs, and nil, wnlked the whole way. j A
They told our pilot, Jean Bapliate, himself three 1
fiarts Indian, that they were hungry, and had no ",.|
canoe with which to get on to L.a Pointe. We j wh
gave them some com nieal, and receised some fish ' Th
from them for a second supply. For the Indians,'
if they have anything they think you want, never on
offer generally to sell it to you, till they have first me
begged all they can; then they will produce their 'ln
fish, Ac., offering to trade; for which they expect 7r't
an additional supply of the article you have been in
giving them. Bapustc distributed among them a qui
few twists of tobacco, which seemed very acceptsble.
Old Martin presented Baptists with a fine ?,r
specimen of native copper which he had picked up gn
me where on hia way?proUbly^^^B
atere of the Montreal river. He de,^ "*
k. .me of his men with ua to Lit Points, ig^fl
at he might carry a canoe hac k io the
iable them to reach La Poime the tnxi M
Inch wc accordingly complied with. \Vt
m, however, at hot own request, on the pjJH
nd some mile* south of La Point*, where he
I hnd nn Indiuti acquaintance, who Im.ird
om shore. H
Having reached La Point*, wc wers prepud
t a few iluya, Mbn commencing our vo.^l
e Mississippi rtver.
Of things hereabouts, and in genet til, |
urac in my next. m
In great haste, 1 am, H
\ cry raopaetfully, H
Your obedient servant, 3
MORUAN I
BliCMKirMMW R IIIor forrhm I
MM nvf.D at THK "UNION" OITtCE bi
jkitannia ii
[cONTIKl'CU.] 9
Tut Jews ik Ekulakd ?Much has been ,,,j
bed on this side of the Atlantic, reiuivt to i9
dl disabilities under which the Jews of Eag^JI
mr, but very little is generally understood,
, . i.? ? '
' ... .no Lionuon SpectWor 4,
lowing renurka of Sir Robert Peel, |n the H
Commons, upon a bill in relation to the sulT*
rich, in a measure, explain some of the djj?
a under which they (the Jews) |ie, Wc
read tliem before the readers of the Union
n the House ol Commons, on Thursday Sir 0
el moved the second resiling of the Jewiik a? JS?
noyiil bill; wh ell CSM dow u tu the n?u?
mended by the almost unanimous >ui>i>ort of n1*
inch ofthe legislature. The object ol the hill k {*12*
srjr impediment whatever to the odmi.iii,. of J* 1'
tne Jewish |>ersiiesiou to municipal other. ^
lined what the impediment is: ' U
The i.njiediment exists iu consequence of o,,
nt which pattud iu IS-d, for the purpose of re,*J **"*
t nod corporation acts, and substituting in iWJ*1
lUration to Ins made .11 lieu of the lacrameuil 1*!*!
.er declarations w hich were previously irquimli?
illy, the declaration is to he made uh.equBii toii*i?
nt to office; and, therefore, the iia.-iug of the ana i"
unity act relieved those who might be disqualified la
1 couseqtiences of not making the declaration ilia ?!!
peel to corporate nllices. the enactment ol IS3tt?u 11
1 declaration suhslitiited lor the sarr., mental test assoi
,en within one month before admission to Other ?ru
nisaion to office. I*
Now , seiious doubts hnve arisen, from time to time Uk
1 proper construction of these words; and I Mier.u.
as bean held by the Court of Vim-en s Bench ni?
v would bo satisfied if the declaration were mule e
nisuion to office; but, upon ajijieal to the Cn?n of ;
:quer Chamber. that judgment was ravened us !?
t laid down, that the declaration to ho made in throes
nicipai offices must be made cither previously to or sua
nission to office. In consequence of this, it rem is!
I authorities of the municijial corporation,'if the. a?
to require the Jew to make the declaration previooiba
! acceptance of a corporate office. Now, the practr.a
requiring the declaration to he made, has not boon J,
sal throughout the country. In roitsmouth, Itnlisni
V is a member of the corporation, because the nilija,,
irities of that corporate body have not required tl.u
ig of the declaration on his admission to otlca 1, |T
Igham and Southampton, Jews are also members of ik
poration. Consequently, the law itself appear.uu?!
a; at least it was uncertain till finally ruled by the Cms
Appeal. The object of the present bill, therefore, it u
rouace a uniform practice, and to remove by law tin is.
liments to a Jew holding a municipal office, which 0,
potation may now at their discretion impose," (Sir Kvh
I'col mentioned instances in which Jew. have been ,t
ted to higher olHcua?one of the Kothschilds, Sir Mow,
nteliore, and Mr. Cohen, having filled Ihe poiti of d?.
lieutenant and county magistrate ] "Mr. Salotnouvu
cted sheriff of Middlesex; hut there was a doubt whttbs
not the declaration ought not to he made either pretion
or upou acceptance of office. In Ihe year lsaj, frig
it altered the law in that respect, exjiresuly eiempbn
office of sheriff from the act of 16i8, and penrnltiniia
ics to be performed without making the drcl.rttiooing
a period of six months from the time of taking olo
making it. Mr. Salomons discharged tin- duties el iho
of Middlesex m a manner that gained him the mpw
I confidence of his fcllow-eitircns, and he hecanie.tn
ate for the office of aldermnn; by their choke he wa
cted; and then this impediment arising out of the stattook
elfoct, and he was excluded from the office of if
man, because lie objected to make the declirstioD ;ro,
1 to or on acceptance of the office. I submit to the Hew
t this statement of facta alone is almost sufficient to j?
this measure."
'he bill of I sen contained this declaration, proposed to
Robert Peel himself: "I, A.U., solemnly doclsre I *1
or exercise any power, authority, ot influence I po-us
rirtue of my office, to injure or w eaken the church a
law established within this realm, orto disturb them
sion ofthe rights and privileges to which it iibynt
itled." This was altered in the House of Lords,to bga
: "I, A. B., do solemnly, and in the presence of Uod,lis
and declare, on the true faith of a Christian," tic: Ik
rds tl.ua inserted, "on the true faith of a Christian,"Ma
ute the impediment to the Jew. After the insertiond
sewordn.it was thought unwise to reject the bill
t account. "I doubt whether the words wore intend
posely to disqualify a Jew from holding office. Hove,
the House of Lords now make a proposal toni Mrs
re the bill to the state in which it was sent trai tit
use of Commons; anil I hope the House will favorably
eive that proposition. The act of IH-J8 waa clnrlja
iled to relieve Disseutera; hilt, as far as the Joxii ?
tied, he ia in a worse state than he was before. Thill
-poses to enable Jews to make tho same decliffiia
lubstance, only relieving tliem from the necessity of Is
ring, when they make it, that it is 'on the true fiitksda
rill.an."' fir Robert coocluded with this allusiontolh
at body of the Jews, from whom, earlier in the etetsg,
had presented a petition in favor of the hill: "I onuio
what tho benevolence of that body la?a bcnevoloo
restricted by narrow.sectarian views-lookincutin
ronage of art, and the rewards and distinction, they ian
nod when they have entered on an honorable current
domical study in the University of London?looking S
several claims of the Jews lo a lav rable coi.tempuuoi
heir case, 1 fuel a personal gratification in nropoaiagl
iiuis which will givo them unrestricted admiuion ft
nicipal offices, and at ih* same time be acceptable to tb
lings of this great and powerful portion of our fellowjects."
Large stock or cotton in the hands or Ewh
manufacturers.?A lute number of the Leeds
sreury says:
omeof our largest spinners have been availing tb?
res, owing to the low price of the staple, of the oppoitoy
to lay in immense stocks, f or instance, we cosli
ae one firm at Bury which hag, it ia said, at leaittwelw
nths' stock on hnnd; whilst there are many firmi wis
d from six to nine months' stock. Every spinner will
re is no doubt, who possesses the means, panne th
?e prudent course. If to the immense quantities in tki
ions ports be added the unprecedented stocks in conifr
rs'hands, the district way be said, so far as the cottos
le is concerned, to be well prepared for a storm.
Sew mode of curing the ham.?An EngW
vellcr, writing from the Ardennes, thun describe!
uethod of preserving the ham, which is certainly
fcrent from anything generally known in Araer'he
ham is cured in a brine of salt, saltpetre, andirowt
lerbs?via: a few bay leaven, wild thyme, and a hsiwj?l
juniper berries, and a little garlic. It is iteepM I*
ut- six weeks, and then dried in the smoke of the cms
over a wood fire. When wanted for cfrsMWf-JbJ
ied in the ground for about twenty-four hours,and tin
led, with the addition of the same aromatic herbs, in
tor. Alter boiling, the bone is taken out, and the hj?"
s*?d under a heavy weight. As a corollary to the dr?*
, it may he added, that it often happens that the u*
en produced at tabic, disappears at one sitting.
Commercial restrictions in Prance oniatdn
:e those of America.?The London League^1*
:h ult. contains an able review of a late Frew?
Dk upon the free-trade movements in England sw
ance, which, in certain parts, presents so strnnej
rnllcl to circumstances under which the Umw
iteH labor, that we make the following exir*?
the benefit of our readers:
rhe commercial restrictions of France exhibit *
very reverse of that displayed in England: t
nufacturers demand protection, and tk? agrleait# ?
(or lor free trade; there, protection is courted by too
nert, and spurned by the landlord-, there, <lep*n .
foreigners is dreaded for the hack instead of th>
re, monopoly claims the patronage of operatives '"Vw
peasants; but there, as here, the injustice of
sses hard on the classes excluded from its l>vor;
here, the impolicy of monopoly renders itie'i
t in individual suffering and national loss. Tno
ders of France, as we happen to know, thon* ^
organized body, am numerous and enligktss**i
south of France, whem the monopoly of jro?.
es with the culture of the soil, and where fi?e
ns on exchanges depreciate the value of the p'
their vineyards, there has been long a growi^?*V
1 that the interests of the cultivators have be*# u , ^
ily and unwisely sacrificed to the woaopol*^
-thern manufacturers; and. even In the rrortnera
nt, many have begun to doubt the soundness ot .
ich makes traders alternately the. plunderers o
neighbors and the plundered by another.
The French writer tints eloquently desct'lj^
irct for which those who struggle for tw 11
I of commercial restrictions in FnglM? ,r*
itending:
t i. justice seizing on power, snJ gooit
,lf with authority. It i, the general good- tn ? ^
people, ol the masses, of the mnall stiJ V*/7bs?
ning the rule of politic.; it I. injurious |'rlfa.
legislation, anil the tyranny of caste ill*>PP**'ja<h*
i scene; not by a resolution in tbp palace, or g
ret. hut by the progres.ire ami general I" .,tn0e^
rights and duties ol men. iu u ??ru, ? rr<)f,0
Inimnn liberty; it it the death of monopoly Brt?rl
a thousand thni>e< and forms, by turns *,?
re-cwner, an assertor of divine right to *?V' -mffral
(isi lord, a regulator oi wages. a dictator o frTj?i
trictions, a juK^lor with finance, and tV*trr0V itf,a
lanthropi?t. Whatever disguises it may y>0 , ^ #
longer sustain the acmtiny of public^opinW . ^ tn?
htened public hat learned to detect It a? * r0at of t^e
I uniform an the black gown- under the p?? is
nter, and the embroidered robes of the pee wf|C|.
! A just and natural remuneration for "* $ tM
free exchange with the universe' r?c uitT*
rid ! No more of colonial slavery ; no VT_(,onAJ
ry than it necessary for the maintenance
leudence ! A radical distinction between
at is not, the mission of the government _ jjgpisf*
e political organization of society reduc*?
ctions ; the guarantying to every m?n J*
surety against all aggression, whether fr ^My*
in within; equitable taxation to remnnerw* 0t0*
n charged with this mission, and not to a - 0>jg
ler the name of ouflett for external u,"rJV ,> ? of
name of protection for the plunder of i.ri?wIM&
it by another. This it the great battle now
Kngland, on the apparently narrow gro < I
but ?h)i quMlinn hnpli<'? A?JJJ '?/?, M,
m: for to seize men that they should {^#|r |gHC
to seize without just claim lh? lf only'?* '
equally slavery in etaence ; the difieren
J