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UpKKATloNH OF CAPl'AIN KKKMONT IN UPFEU CALIFORNIA. % LtUtr frmt Hemtlor Ronton (e iki /VrrrdmT Hit: Im the abaenee of official information on ihe uubjeef *f Lieutenant (lolouel (than Captain) Fieluont'a opera'tuna ill Upper California, I deem it my duty to lay before you the private leitera which I have received from that officer, for (he purpoae ofahowing you hie actual poeition at the la teat delta; the unwilling manner in which he became involved in hoelililiee with the Mexican authoriuca of * that province, before he hed heard of the war with Mexico; and eapectally to diaprove the aceuaauon, officially aguinat him by Governor Caalro, of hav ing come into CaliforiiM with a body of United Sielea troop*, under the pretext of a acienlilic rxpedition, buLin reali||r to excite the Americana a?U tied in that /fcovtncmto an inaurrecuon againat ihe Mexican government. Thia accuaalion ta of the caveat character, moat aerioualy implicating the t good faith und honor of our government, and officially made by Governor Caalro, in a deepaich to the minuter of war and marine, urder data of the ft rat of April laet, and publiahed in ?1 Monitor Rel>ublicano, in the city of Mexico, by the order of the Mexican government, on ihe 10th of May laet. A cnnv of tliia uarter waa sent to Mra Frdmont, my daughter, by the Hon. Mr. Slidall, end au English translation of it ia herewith presented. When Cart. Fifnumt left the United States to roinpleMJp^ scientific labors beyond the Rocky mouiitalMfil with full knowledge of the jroiitieml as well haprrroaoi difficulties of the enterprise. He kwww thet the relationaof the United States were criliral Mb eitk Mexico and Ureal Britain?that he was going through the territories of the one, and among the aeltlemen'a of the other?that jealousy would attach to his movements, and all his ar te be referred to his government}?and he was perfectly determined to use the utmoet circumspection in all his conduct, confining himself'wholly to his scientific pursuits, and carefully avoiding as well the ?i>|>caranee aa the reality of either a political or military mission. With this view, and after having traversed the d< sect, and crossed the Great Basin which lies between the Kocky mountains and the Smith -V<vmla of the AUm CmiifbmU, he left hie men upon the frontier, an hundred miles from Monterey, and went alone to that city to explain his ohject and wishes ia person to Gov Castro. He did this in the most formal and official manner, in company with the United Statea consul, Mr. O'Larkin, fat whose house be stopped}) and, conforming to the whole detail of Spanish ceremonial, he not only call, ed on the governor, but also on the prefect and the ulcaUU. The interview waa entirely satisfactory To the gorernor'a remark that he wua bringing a considerable body of United Statea troops with him, Capt. F. answered that it was not so? that ha had no troop* at all?only a flaw hired men for aecurity against Indiana, ana killing game?thai he waa not even an officer of the line, but of Topographical Engineer*?and that h* wit seeking a new route (among other object* of erience) to the mouth of the.Columbia, upon a line fcirther eouth than the present travelling route, and which hud brought him through the unacttlrd parte of the Upper California; and that he now wiahed to wintei in the valley of the San Joaquin, where there wn game for hi* men, and graae for hi* borate. To i this the governor agreed, and Captain Prfmont left . Monterey to bring hie men to the beautiful valley which he had explored in hi* previou* expedition, and to which both himself and hi* men looked fur- I ward a* to a peradiae of repoee and refreahment, af- I ter their toilaome and periloua march of three thou- I and mile* among savage tribe*, and through wilderness and desert countries. I Scarcely had he arrived in thia valley, when information began to reach him from all quarter* that the governor waa raising the province agninat htm, and coming upon him with troops of ull arms? cavalry, artillery, and infantry?and that hie situs- t lion waa moat critical arid dangerous. The consul sent a special messenger to warn htm of hi* dinger; the American aettler* below offered to join him; but he utterly refused their aseiatance, because he would not compromise them. But he did what honoi and aelf-preservation required, and what the courage and fidelity of hie men enthusiastically seconded; he took position, and waited the approaeli of the assailants; and that pcaition waa nearer to them, on the aummit of the Sierra, overlooking Monterey, at thirty milee distance, and whence, with their glasses, they could plainly see the troops, with their artillery, which had croased ths bay (of Monterey) to San Juan, on their way to attack him. The governor, with these troops, and with all his threats, nftcr coni ng towards the camp on the . f Sierra, did not r?.>ie to it; and Captain Fremont, I Authful to his den:, i to avoid collision, if possible, finding himself not attacked, determined to retire, and to proceed lo Oregon, on his intended route of the valley of the Sacramento, the Tlamnth lake, and the valley of the Wahlahmath river. Accord ?gly, about the 10th of March, he left his posi- I ion on the Sierra, descended into the valley of the Sen Joaquin, and commenced his march by slow and easy stages, of four and six miles a day, towards Oregon. It is of this encampment on the Sierra that Governor Castro makes particular complaint in his despatch to the Minister of War and Marine, as an evidence of hostile intentions, and where the American flag was raised, a fortification built, nnd the American settlers called in for its defence. Unhap. pily we have no letter from Capt. Fremont detailing the events of these days; but the want of euch a letter is well supplied by the official communications from the American consul at Monterey to oui Secretary of State, and by Capt. Fremont's brief note to ths consul, (writtea in pencil,) while expecting the attack of Gov. Castro, and which haa been heretofore published 'in our papers. Mr. Buchanan fur niehcd ua, aa aoon aa they were received, with copiea of iheae despatches, which are herewith laid before you, and from which it will be seen that Gov ernnt Castro's accuaaiiona against Captain Frfinont are entirely unfounded?that ao far from having excited the Americana to revolt, he abaolutely refused to receive thoae who offered to join him! and, more, that when after leaving thia poaition, and granting iliarbargee to five or aix of hta men, he refuaed to fill their placet from the nicn in the country! ao determined waa he to avoid aa well in appearance, aa in fact, the email eel act offonaive or injurioua to the Mexican authoritiea. The tame correspondence ahowa the entire falsehood of all the superlative gasconade which Governor Castro put into his official report about the spoils of the camp?the dispersion of Fifimont and his men?their flight into the bulruahea, and through the deaert?his suffocation in the cradle of a dangerous conspiracy, Ac., with all which imaginary exploits his official despatch waa filled, while Frfmont, with sixty-two men and two hundred horaee, were elowly retiring in s body, almost in his view, iftid utterly abstaining from any act of offence to the province or ila au thortUes. It was no uouoi inia raise report 10 ihk Svernment, and (be ridicule he incurred by it in tlifornia, that led to hie eubaequenl operations in May to exterminate Fr<mont'a party, and all the American aettlere on the Sacramento. On return from the evacuated camp on the Sierra, the governor also put forth a proclamation, in the vien of hia report, and even worae, etyling Frfmont nnd hia t/ien a band of highway robbers, plundering the people. Ac., which accuealion of plundering the consul- took the tronble to inveatigate, and found to l? a very trivial offence of mannerr (not oflaw or norwki) which the injured party valued a Are dollars, and for which Capt. Frfmnnt gave ten. For the real, the conaul, alter all this, declares the inhabitants of the country to be well pleased with Capi. Frfmont, nnd that he might walk the streets of Monterey the next day alone, if he chose. The only truth in Governor Castro's despatch is, that Captain Fr<mont took a military position, entrenched it, and raised the American flag; but those events were the eontqtttncr, and not the cause of Gov. Castro's movement against him; and this is fully shown in that brief, heroic note, written in pencil, in answer to the consul's warning, in which Capt Fifmont, after refusing the aid or the American settlers, declared for himself and his sixtytwo men that they had done nothing wrong to the authorities or the people of the country?that if attacked thev won d defend themselves. and die to the last man under the flag of (hair country, and leave it to their country to avenge their death*. All they did waa in aelf-defence. The flog wan raieed, not aa a atandard of inaurreetion, or n? a *ign of contempt to the Mexican government, but n* the American aymbol of honor and patriotiam, which wna entitled to reapect from other*?to defence from them? I and which they had displayed in that hour of danger aa a warning to the approaching naaailanta?a* a bond of union and devotion among themaelvea? and aa an appeal and invocation (if they ahould be * destroyed) to the avenging spirit of their fur diatant country. To my mind, thia entrenching on the mountain, and raiaing the national flag, waa entirely juetiAable under the rircuinetaneee of the caae; and tha noble resolution which they took (refuaing the aid of their countrymen) to die if attacked under the flag of thair country, four thouaand miles diatant from their homes, waa an act of the higheat hero ism, worthy to be recorded by Xenophon, and reflecting equal honor upon tha brave young officer who commanded and the heroic stXTT-rwo by whom h* waa aupported. The first letter that we received from Captain Fr# mont after hie withdrawal from the Sierra, and from t e valley of the Hon Juan. M dated tha leal day of Qt A|>ril, in latitude 40, on the Sacramento river; and, (hough written merely to inform Mre. Printout of I hie personal cuiicerus, becomea important In a pub- 4 lie point of view on account of subsequent eventa in June and July, by allowing that on the Aral of April he wae i-n hie way to Oregon?that he had ahiandotted nil internum of returning through any (tart of I" California?would crura the Rocky mouiituine 1 through the Northern Paaa on the line lietween (he loai Upper, or Kettle Kulle of the Columbia, and the the Greet Falls of the Miavouri?and be in the United led State* in September Thia ahowu thvt he had, ai of i that time, no idea of the event* in which h* waa pot auberquenily involved, and that he hail abandoned ing the chenahed Aeld of hie intended acumuAc rreearch- cut ea for the ex preen purpose of avoiding all offence to the ihe Mexican authoriuea. Of the evanle in the val- art ley of the Han Joatf win and the camp on the Star*a, ler he epeeka a few worda, without detail, but deacrip- ttei uve of hia condition, charactariatlc of hia prudence iu lea not comproinieing hia country, and worthy to he inf repented in hia own language. He aaye: "The Span cot turt/j were iuiiuwh.it ruit and inhwpdable below, and fan ordered me out of the country after having given tnt kn (uraiirti* U winter there My rm.u of duly did not qui permit ma to fight them, hat ire retired ilowly and mil erowUnele before a force of three or four handed men. of and three pieces & artillery. Without the shadow of a the cauo the governor suddenly raised the whole country against me, issuing a false and scandalous proctamatlu.1 ot Of course, I did seat dare to compromise the Uni'ed int States, against which appearances would have been the strong; hut though it was in my power to increase my lex party by .1mei leans, I ryfrained from committing a soli go' laru act of hostility or impropriety." His next letter ret te dated the 14th of May, and inform* ine that, in Sit hie progress to Oregon, he found himaelf and party lea unexpectedly attacked by the Tlasnalh Indiana? wh the moat warlike of that quarter?had loat five iiieu unt in killed and wounded?and alill expected to be ui not ihe United States in the month of September. ma Thie wai the last letter received from Captain aht Frfmont until the one of July 96th, from Monterey, of the Pacific ocean, and brought in by Com- ana modore Sloal. The event* which brought him pla back you have learned from that commodore; but cor the causes which led to theae event* are ueceaaary to u>( be known for the justification of Captain Fremont; cm for, although actually justified by ine existence of tret the war with Mexico, yet he knew nothing of the fiaj war when theae evenlx took place; and, though wa knowing of it when he wrote, yet he would not of l avail himaelf of hia sobeenuenI knowledge to jus- vat lify previous acta, and therefore chose to rest every- wit thing upon the state of facta, aa he saw them, when nei he resolved and acted. Theae causes, and the events be I to which they led, are rapidly sketched by him the in this, hi* last letter; and while the whole letter is im| herewith submitted to you, yet, for your eonve- ing nience, 1 collect its substance into the smulleat me compass and lay it before you. The substance ia by . s. ,i? _r x4... r?.?. ... ,iT. una m mo miuure ui "??7, w?r.. . pursuance of his design to reach Oregon, and return alt by the Columbia and Missouri through the North- nm ern Pass in the Rocky mountains, had arrNred at the great Tlamath Lake, in the edge of the Oregon dia territory, a/hen he found his lurther progress com- ces pletely Uarred by the double obstacle of hostile In- om dians, which Castro had excited against him, and lilli the lofty mountains, covered with deep and falling thi snows, which made the middle of Mav in that ele- his rated region the same as the middle of winter, wii These were the difficulties and dangers in front. Be- the hind, and on the north bank of the San Francisco bay, at the military post of Sonoma, waa General wr Castro, assembling troops with the avowed inten- Ca lion of attacking both Fremont's party, and all the the American settlera, against whom the Indians had mo been already excited. Thus, his passage barred in wii front by im|?*anhle snows and mountains?hemmed the in by savsge Indians, who were thinning the ranke am of his little party?menaced by a general at the nol head of ten-fold force# of all arms?the American by settlera in California marked out for destruction on my a false accusation of meditating a revolt under hit she instigation? his men and horsea suffering from dee fatigue, cold, and famine?and after the most Soi anxious deliberation upon all the dangers of ten his position, and upon all the responsibilities of .wh his conduct, Captain Fremont determined to inv turn upon hie pursuers, and fight them instantly, pr? without regard to numbers, and seek safeiy for his cot party and the American aetilera, by overturning the Mi Mexican government in California. It wna on the ' 6th day of June that he came to this determination; ma and, the resolution being once taken, all half-way of measures were discarded, and a rapid execution of ass the plan was commenced On the 11th of June a ( supply of two hundred horses for Castro's troops, Ap on the way to his camp, conducted by an officer and fourteen men, were surprised at daylight, and 1 I h# whole raptured?the men and officers hejng re easeu, ami tne riorum retained lor American use. ojf On the 15th, at daybreak, the military poet of So- ? noma (the point of rendezvous, and intended head- i (quarter*) was aurpnaed and taken, with nine piece* of braaa cannon, two hundred and fifty ttumf of mtlekcla, other arms and ammunition, with sevintl superior officer*, General Vnllrjo, (Val-y.-lni,) hi* ^0' brother, Captain Vallejo, Colonel Greuxdon, and ?'' other*; all of whom were detained and confined a* f"* prisoners. Captain Frfmont then rrpaired to the '^e American settlemints on the Rio de lot Americanos re* to obtain aaitatance; and receiving an expre-s from w" his little garrison of fourteen in Sonoma that Gen- v,t eral Castro was preparing to cross the bay of San Francisco and attack them with a large force, he sat ?'' out in the afternoon of the 23d of June with ninety mounted riflemen, and travelling day and night, atrived at 2 o'clock in the morning of the 25th at So- 'u6 noma?eighty miles distance. The vanguard of * Castro's f 'rce had crossed the bay?a squadron of eventy dragoons, commanded by de la Torre? a which was attacked and defeated by twenty Americans, with the loss of two killed and some wounded on the part of the Mexicans and no injury * to themselves?dt la Torre barely escaping with the loss of his transport boats, nnd spiking six pieces of artillery. In the mean time, two of Capt. An Frfmont's men, going as an express, were captured of by de la Torre't men, and, being bound to trees, were tioi cut to pieces alive with knives ! in return for which, the three of de la Torre's men being taken, were instant- Th i? ~l.TK. I. ?r - -r-L - i i"* i j nnui. * niuc ui me ufly in o'-in r rancis- ne co wan now cleared of thecneiny, and on (lie fourth rou Jay of July, Capt. Fremont called the Americana tha together at Sonoma, addressed them upon the dan- me gera of their situation, and recommended a dec- tiei iaration of independence, and war upon Cas- the tro and his (roopa, as the only menna of safety. The M< independence was immediately declared, and the war ani proclaimed. A few days afterwards, an officer from cru Commodore Sloat brought intelligence that the goi American flag was hoisted at Monterey?an example which was immediately followed wherever the fin news flew. The pursuit and defeat of Castro was then the only remaining enterprise. He had fled south towards tho numerous Mexican towns and M. settlements beyond Monterey, with his four or five hundred men; and, Capt. Fremont, leaving some fifty men in garrisons, set nut with Oi.e hundred and sixty mounted riflemen in the pursuit, when he receivrd instructions from Commodore Sloat to march jyj, upon Monterey. He did so, and found Commodore Stockton in command, approving the pursuit of _|. Castro, and aiding it by all the means in his power [e(| The sloop-of-war Cyane was put at his service. a(e Capt. Frtmont, with one hundred and sixty Amer can riflemen and aeventy murines, embarked on that |,j( vessel, and sailed down the coast on the 36th of Ju- tra ly, to San Ditgo, four hundred miles south of Mon- j|j, terey, and one hundred aouth of Purbla rfr lot .Inge- -pt let, where Caatro waa understood to be, with an in- tn creaatng force of five hundred men. The deacent of un the coast as far as .San /)icfo was with the view to get ahead of Caatro, and to be in a position either to on intercept him if he fled aouth to Mexico or to nf Lower California, or to turn back upon him if he p#! remained in Pvrblt dt lot JtngtUt, or any of the nu- Bn meroua town* in ita neighborhood. In either event, ai|| the enterprise will probably have had ita conclusion l(l( early in August, and official details may now be looked for By the first arrivals from the North Pa- r0l cific ocean. In the meantime I hope the informs- w( lion I am able to give, though all of a private char- pu acter, written solely for the information of frienda, ' and never expected to go before the public, may be sufficient In relieve present anxietiea, to disprove the ,j,i accusations of Qovernor Castro, and to justify the av operations of Capt. Frfmont. I make this eommu- Bn mention to you, sir, upon the responsibilities of an American senator, addressing the President of the United States, and with ihe sole view of vindicating fnl the American government,and ita officer,from the foul mt imputation of exciting insurrection in the provinces |r| of a neighboring power, with whom we were then ao at peace 1 could add much more to prove that Captain Fremont's private views and feelings were in unison with his ostensible mission?that the passion of his soul was the pursuit of science?and that he looked with dread and aversion upon every possible collision either with Indians, Mexioana, or British, that could turn him aside from that eher- r a ished pursuit. A more formal occasion for the exhibition of these further and other proofs may soon oecur; but the exigency of the circumstances seemed to me to require that no time should be lost , in communicating the truth to thb public mind, both ni home and abroad, in a ease so seriously affecting . the national t hamster, and in which uncorrected error, for eren ehorl lime, would do great miechief. w Very re.pectfully, eir, your friend and fellowcitizen, THOMAS H. BRNTON. !l Wa.wikoto*, Not. 9, 1846. Icro/ dtrpalch from (muiiJ Cut'O to Iki JKxrirsn it culmy of W.? and .U?nu, UaUU April J, lt4<i ruutlulcU from HI Monitor HxpuUunnu uj llu 10/A <f Mny, 1M4G, publialuil m lAr cily of Milieu. WAR AND NAVY DEPARTMENTS. CioMxaai. I'mxcrtx ur llrrn CumtMi. 0. 1 HO. J Ifoua Eictuim r : lii my note of the 5th of t March, I informed the supreme government of arrival of oever.il families coming from the UniSlates, who came to ine Sacramento river, anil ihe measures taken to make them leave the detinent in ihe corning inon<h of May, for not havbrooghi the legal |*ssports; and of the newa umoiiii au-il by an ullieer who ulao emend by i name road, a few daya afterwards, with an ned parly, announcing iliat during the pant wina conaideruble number of individuala who were aecuud fur their religious opiniona were to ve Ihe Stales for Una country; and here I ehould orm your excellency of the result of the liue of duct obaerved by the aald oJHcer, to whoec aire I referred in my note of the 6th inatant, maig reference to my nelly from Una point in conae?nce of ihe intiuiation given to Don J. C. Kic>nt, that he should retire from within the limits this defMirtment, as was expressly instructed in oriler or lKth July, IM44. I'hta officer, failing in the respect due to llie law* the republic and the authoritir* of the country, rodured himself in the midst of the population of i department with a reafieetahle force, under pre;t of coming with a scientific commiaaion from hi* refitment; and treating with contempt ihe notice erred to, he look possession of ihe heights of Ihe irra nearest to this point, distant about nine gues, having only made a verbal answer as to at would be the conduct of the military command Jer him in his camp, which was, that thev did : intend to obey the order to retire, but would rein on that spot prepared to resist any force that tuld attack them. It not being possible to endure such a haughty iwer, in obedience to the authorities of this ce, all the neighborhood collected at this nmand with the moet bvely enthusiasm, and hav; organized a force of 150 men, I went to the viily of the Sierra where the aaid Fremont had clinched [parapetado] himself under the American f which he had had the audacity to raise there. I e prepared to attack him in the night of the 10th the same month, when the raid officer taking aditageof the darkness, abandoned the fortification, houl doubt precipitately, as we found there the it day some iron instruments and other things onguig to his equipment; and, in trying to find trail, to know which direction they took, it was !*Maible for me to know on account of their havwithdrawn in complete di*[>ere!on: thie obliged loatay for some days in that neighborhood until, some individuals who came from the valley of Tulareeto my eamp, I was informed that the ? .c- 1 L._ ? .k. frniurrn* were lanin^ mo iuhu "?v ??? ?#? ? rth into the desert country. The wish to give the supreme government immeti knowledge of this event, hes rendereil it nesnry for me to hire a vessel, which will sail at :e for Acapulco, carrying Captain Andres Cassro, commissioner for the supreme government in s department, which individual, notwithstanding delicate health, undertakes this step alone, in the ih to do a service to this country in particjlar and nation in general. rho accompanying letter, translated into Spanish, itlen to the American consul at this port by plain Frfmont from the camp he occupied during days referred to, will be a proof of the decision de by this individual to maintain his position, ihout doubt in the hope of uniting to his forces i American adventurers who are disseminated ong the Puebloa of the department; but this did ; happen, on account of the rapid movement made the popu ation of the north in consequence of ' foresight alarming them in a manner, which >uld sufTocate in its cradle any such extravagant lign, as it effectually did in the province of nora, in which there are indications of having inded to aecoml the vtewa of Captain Fremont, on tch affair I occupy myeelf with some caution to eetigate the truth of* such event with all suitable :caution, operating in concert with the military nmandant of that frontier Lieutenant Colonel iriano Guadeloupe Vallejo. rhi< will enable your excellency to lay all the tier before his excellency the Senor President the repuolic, acrepiing at the same time my uranccH of obedience and reaped jod and liberty, Monterey, in Upper California, ril lat, 1S4C. JOSE CASTRO l'o the Detriment of War a; d Navy. iHat Ulleri from Mr. Lot kin, VniUd Slain cvntul it Monterey, of Upper California, lo Mr. Buchanan, Secretary of Stale. PaarECTvnc or the jecomd district. ['he undersigned, prefect of this district, has the lor 01 applying to tne consul 01 me unuea mates [he north, .by this note, asking if he will favor the fectory under his charge with an information of objict or commission with which an officer (now iding in your house) has arrived at this district h troops from the aforesaid republic, and has adiced as far as the river Sacramento, that he may able to do the name to hisexcellency the governor [he department rhe undersigned embraces this opportunity of reving to the senor consul of the United States his best respect and consideration. 3od and Liberty! Monterey, January t!9th, 1846. MANUEL CASTRO. ro Thomas o. Laakin, Consul United States, Monterey. JoNSULATE of TUB UNITED STATES of AMERICA, Monteret, California, January '29th, 1846. rhe undersigned, consul of the United States of lcrica, has the honor to acknowledge the receipt your letter of this morning, requesting informan respecting the motives Capt. J. C. Fremont, of United Statea army, has in visiting this country, e undersigned is informed by Capt. Fremont that has been ordered to survey the most practicable ite from the United Slates to the Pacific ocean? t he has left his company consisting of fifty hired n (not of the United Slates army) on the fronts of this department, for the purpose of resting mselves and animals. He has come himself to interey to obtain clothing, und funds to purchase male and provisions; and when his men are rented, intends to continue his journey to the Oren Territory. rhe undersigned has (he honor to ofTor to the ier prefect hiH highest esteem and consideration. THOMAS O. LARKIN. I"o the Sefior Prefect of the second district, D. inuel Castro Prefecture or the second district. rhe undersigned, prefect of this district, has reved the note of the consul of the United States, r. Thomns O. Liirkin, dated 6th inst.; and in aner thereto, hns the honor to say that far from reiing in it that he will order the captain of the UniI States army, J. C. Fremont, to leave irrmedily with his force of armed troops (nccording to i acceptation of the word camp which he uses in i communication) the limits of this department, nsgressing the principles established amongst ci v'.ed nations, he defends his unjust introduction, ic undersigned, when he ordered Capt. FrSmont march back, founded himself on repeated orders d decrees of the supreme government of the Mexin republic which prohibiis the introduction not ly of troops belonging to nny power, but even that fnraiannra u/hn do not rnmn nrnviriarl ui ?U l??.l ss ports, anil not on false reports and false appearres, as the consul of the United Stales says in his d note. The undersigned promises the consul of i Uni'ed States that as far ns lays in his power, >se persons who are subject to the laws of the untry and may harass the subjects of his nation, to are under the protection af said laws, shall be nished according to the same, after the necessary oof shall be given and the customary formalities ne through. The undersigned makes known In s consul of the United Stales, that if he desires to oid that the force of Capt. Frfmont may come to unfortunate end in meeting with the force of this partment, he ought to inform said Capt. Frfmont st since he entered this department with an armed rce, whether through malice or error, he must now her blindly obey the authorities, or, on the contry, experience the misfortunes which he has ught by his crimes. God and Liberty! Monterey, Mnrch 8th, 1846. The undersigned reiterates, Ae , Ac. MANUEL CASTRO. To Tmowas O. Larsin, Consul of the United Stolen, Monterey. lo. 791 Consulate or the U. S. Montcrkt, California, March 6th 1846. Sir: Tha undersigned, consul of the United States, is the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your Rrial note of yesterday containing a copy of your Iter and orders to Capt. J. C. Frfmont, United atea army, now encamped near the Salines riser ith his men, to lease this country immediately. The undersigned understood that your letter was isterday carried to Captain Frfmont by an officer iring some eight or ten men nnder his charge, and at at this moment there is a large number of arm| men collecting in this town for tha purpose of going to ihr camp of that American officer, he would therefore take the liberty of saying, that although he ie well awaie thai you, at a .vJeEicau officio ami patriot, are hound to take i very etcp that uiay redound to the integrity and internal of your country, ha would further ohaerre that Ilia countrymen iiiuai not Ire unjuatly or unnecessarily haraaeed from cuunea that may artae Irom falae report* or falae appearancee, ana would reconniiend that if any party ia going to the camp of Capt. Fiiiuenl, that it may be rotnmaiided by a iruetworlhy and experienced officer, which may prerenl affaire, on the ineetingoi the two iwrtiee, from being brought to some unhaji py cunclution. The undersigned hue the honor to aubecribe hmaell aa your uruet obedient acrranl, THOMAS 0 L\KKIN. To SeAor D. Joaa Can no, Cumiiiandutit general, and 0. Manuel Castro, Prefecto of the 2tl district, California. [Copy No. SO.) CoNSUI.ATS or THE U. S , MuNTtltt, California, March S, 1846 Sik With thu you have my consular answer to the general and preleclo'e letter to you of laal waek. of which 1 had the honor to receive copiea from (hem; I also add the ecAur and prefecto'a aecond i...? ... , .c.- i... u? i__. ><..?! IU IIIC Ul 111 II u mj. "7 / week, I forwarded oine United Slalee newspapers, a .Spanish granniir, some inagaxmcs, and fcuglieli Copies of (he general and prefecto'a letter* to you on the 5th mat. I then informed you (hat (here was an American brig (brig Hannah, of Salem,) at anchor in thia port, bound to Msxatlan, whose supercargo I had requested to remain here until the tniril day, to enable you to aend letters to the United Stales, if you were so inclined. 1 cannot tell whether in y letter reached you, but heard of your man being almost at your camp the day before yesterday. i have now to inform you (and my information ia derived from the current report* of the day) that Oeueral Castro was on the plain last night, with about sixty people; many more from the rancho joined him today; at thia moment some forty men itre preparing to leave Monterey to join the party. I should think, to-morrow, he might have two hundred men, perha|>* more; many ol the common people will join through choice, others by being so ordered by the general. Among the other class, there aie some looking on the affair with indifference, some perhaps with favor to either side, as their friendship to the present authoriliee, or their own interest* may govern them Respecting the reeult there are various opinions. It is not for me to point out to you your line of conduct; you have your government instructions; my knowledge of your character obligee me to believe you will follow them; you are, of course, taking every care and safeguard to parted your inen, but not knowing your actual situation, and the people who surround you, your care may pruva insufficient. You are officially ordered to leave the country; I am aurc you will uae your own discretion on tha subject; your danger may remain in supposing dial no uncommon mrana will be taken for your expulsion, although the expteasiona of the common people, under the paaeione of the moment, breathe vengeance in every form ogainel you. I cannot conclude that ao much will be put in force, should they succeed in overpowering you. I therefore only wiah you to euppoae youraelf in a situslion where you muat lake every measure to prevent a eurpriae from thoae you may conaider partly frienda. Should my ideaa be correct, the act perhaps will originate, not from the heada, or the reepectability of the country, but fiom thoee of a more headatrong claaa, who having fought eo many (called! battlea, may conaider themaelvee invincible. Your encamping ao near town kas caused much excitement?the natives are firm in the belief that they will break you up, and that you can be entirely destroyed by their power. In all probability they will attack you; the result either way may cause troub'e hereafter to resident Americana. I, myself, have no fear on the subj'Ct, yet believe the present stale of affairs may cause an interruption to business. Should it be impossible or inconvenient for you to leave California at present. 1 think, in ? proper representation to the general and prefecto, an arrangement could be made for your camp to be continued, but at some greater distance; which arrangement I should advise, if you can ofTer it. I never make to this government an unreasonable ie quest, therefore never expect a denial, and have for many ycare found them well disposed to me. You cannot well leave your people. Should you wiah to eee me, I will immediately visit your camp. Fleaee answer directly by the bearer. I am yours, very truly in heart, THOMAS 0. LARK IN. Captain J. C. Frkmont, United States army, Alisal. A"oit in pmeil from Caplain Fremont to the consul l.arkin, from his entrenched camp at the Alisal on the Sierra, thirty miles from Monterey, March 10, 1446. Mr dk4r sir: I this moment received your letters, and without waiting to read them, arknowledgu ihe receipt which the courier requires immediately. I am making myself as strong as possible in the intention that if we are unjustly attacked we will fight to extremity and refuse quarter, trusting to our country to avenge our death. No one has reached our camp, and from the heights we are able to see troops (with the glass) mustering at St. John's and preparing cannon. I thank you for your kindness and good wishes, and would write more at length as to my intentions did I not fear that my letter would be interceded. We have in no wise done wrong to the people or the authorities of the country, and if we are hemmed in and assaulted here, we will die, every man of us, under the flag of our country. Very truly, yours, J. C. FREMONT. P. S. I am encamped on the top of the Sierra, at the headwaters of a stream which strikes the road to Monterey, at the house of Don Joaquin Gomez. J. C. F. Thomas O. Larkin, r.?q., Consul for the United States, Monterey. [No. 35.] Consulate or tiik United States, Monterey, California, March 4, 1846. Sir: The undersigned has the honor to inform the Hon. Secretary that Captain J. C. Fifmont arrived within this department in January last, with his party of fifty men, and was at the house of the undersigned a few days, during the last month, for the purpose of getting funds for refitting and clothing his party; which he received as far as could be procured. He is now in this vicinity surveying, anu Will LHi ngaui HI nun ujnnuiar-iiuuw uim; nun monlh. He then proceed* for the Oregon, returns here in May,anil expect* to be in Washington about September. To thin gentleman is due from the government unqualified praise for the patience, industry, and indefatigable perseverance in the attaining the object he is engaged in. Captain Frfmont passed three degrees south of Fort Hall, having token a route supposed to bo a desert, which made hi* distance to California eight or nine hundred less. He considers the distance from Independence to Monterey about one thousand nine hundred miles. He describes the new route he followed far preferable, not only on account of the less distance, but it is less mountainous, with good pasturage, and well watered. The second day of his arrival in Monterey, he visited thecomninndnnte general, prefecto, and alcalde; and by verbal request of the general, informed him officially of his object fit visiting California. The undersigned forwards, with this, the two annexed letters respecting Captain Frfmont's arrival. I am, sir, with the higheat respect and consideration, your most obedient servant, THOMAS 0. LARKIN.. To the Hon. Secretary of Static, City of Washington. [No. 36.] Consulate of tiix United States of America, Monterey, March ,r>, 1846. Sir: The undersigned has the honor to forward to the Department of State the accompanying translations of letters this day received in this consulate Captsin J. C. Frt-monl has, for near one month, been slowly travelling; and encamping within this district, (say within eighty miles of this town.) Last week information was received by the.prefecto from some alcalde, respecting a horse or mule of Captain cvx 1 i__ - /1 ..?,i?.;,..?.i I- ..immru <,y a u....o, that the animal came from the States.) Last night notice was received that some of Captain Frfmonl's party had offered some insult to some person or persons on a farm. The general has this day sent out ten or fifteen men, with letters to Captnin FrPmont, ordering him away. I am not aware that any of the party have committed any excesses, and do not suppose such to be the case. I am, respectfully, Ac., THOMAS 0. LARKIN. To the Hon. Secretary or State, City of Washington. Cowmamdamt Qemeral or UrrER Calitornia: With this date, i aay to Captain J. C. Frfmont the following: "At seven o'clock this morning the commandant general was given to understand that you, and the party under your command, have entered the towns of this department; and such being prohibited by our laws, I find myself obligated to advertise you that on the receipt of this yoa will immediately relire beyond the limits of this same department, audi ' being the orders of the supreme government; and the subscriber la obligated to Kl th?m compile with. And the undersigned haa the honor of tram crttooig ih? sums to tlia consul of the UniteJ State of Amen a for Ins knowledge of the Mine. Clod and Liberty! M on terry, March ,Vh,lH4t>. JOSE CASlttO. Mr. Thomsi 0 Lareim, Consul of the United States of America in th port. Furtctuti or the itrotie oi?teict, Monterey, March ti.h, JS4UCaptain J C. ^hemost: Siii 1 have learned with surprise that you, agnini the lows of the authorities of Mexico, hive into diiced yourself into the towns of this depnrlnir nil district, under my charge, with an armed force, in drr a commission which must have been given yo by your government only to survey us own propi lands. In consequence, ihui prefecture now orders tin you will immedistely, on receipt of this, withoi any pretext, return with your people out of tl limits of this territory. If not, this olfice will isli the necessary measures to ciuae respect to this di 1 have ihe honor to transcribe thie to you for yoi intelligence, that you muy act in the cave ae belong to your office, and thai he may comply with ihe ei preeoeil orders. Qod and Liberty. Monterey, March 5, 1846. MANUEL CASTRO. Mr. TmomavO. l.akkin. Conaul of the United Stales of America. (No. 37.) Consulate or the United States, Monterey, March 3, 1846. Sib : Enclosed, you have a copy of my anewi to the general and prefecto of this place, one to Cap Frfmont, and the second letter from the prefee Captain Frfmunt is eight or nine leagues from th place, encamped, intending to move os soon as th state of his horses will permit. There will be tw lo three hundred people collected together to-mo row, with the intention of attacking the cum| Capl. Fremont has about fifty men?all men of coi fidence, and remarkably well armed. Neither hin self or men have any fears respecting the result < the present slate of affairs; yet, lie the result for < against him, it may prove of a disadvantage lo ll resident Americans in California. I have at won f riaW I d*M(iMfrh??il nut twu r/iurricrM In lhi> mmn wit duplicate letter*, and thi* letter I kend to Santa Ba bar*, in expectation of finding a vesael bound I Mazallan. Having bad over one-half of mjr hoi filial expense* of 1044 cut olT, and know not wh} and even my bill for a tt.ig, I do not feel dispose to hazard much for government, though the life < Captain Frdmont and party may need it. I hardl know how to act. I have only received one letti (of June) from the department for the year 184. in the month of February, Captain Fremont, in tu company, visited the general, preleeto, and alcalde t this place, and informed them of hia business; an there was no objection made. Within twrntydav the general says he has received direct and specif orders from Mexico not to sllow Capt. Frfmont I enter California; which, yrrhapt, accounts for tl change of feelinga with the people. I am, air, with ihe highest respect and conaideri tion, your obedient servant, THOMAS 0. LAKKIN. To the Hon. Secretary or State, City of Washington. [No. 38.1 CoNitlLATE or THE U. S. Of AMERICA, Monterey, March 27, 1846. Sir : Captain J. C. Frlmont, of the United Statr army, arrived at this United Stales conaular-houi in Monterey, on the 27th of January, 1846. Bent very anxious to join his party of (my men at tti second place of rendezvous, without the setllemen lliau hswinir misumI fKss Aral >klar* Vm nilatulfS h remained but two daya, in which time, with mysel he visited the commandant general, prefecto, alcaldi and Col. Alvarado, informing them that he waa aui veytng the neareat route from the United Slate* t the Pacific ocean. Thia information, and that hi men were not United Slates aoldiera, waa alao, b ;nystlf, officially given to the prefecto. Having ol tamed funds and auppliea from myaelf, he returne to hia camp; it being well known in Monterey thi lie waa to return when he collected hia men. Son fifteen or twenty daya after thia, Captain Frfmon with hia party, encamped at a vacant raneho belong ing to Captain Fiaher, (about ninety milea froi here,) to recruit hit men and animala. From there, h proceeded towarda Santa Cruz, making short j<*?' neys. On the 3d of March, he enenmped on th rancho of Mr. E. P. Hartwell, where he receive lettera from the general and prefecto, ordering hii out of the country, and to obey the order withoi any pretext whatever, or immediate meaaurt would be taken to compel him to doao. Thia, in correaponding with assurances received at Monti rey, it was not unswered, and he gave orders i l oist the United States flag the next morning as th only protection his men was to look to. From th 7th to the 10th of March, they fortified their cam with a breastwork of logs. Encamped on a high hi which commanded a view of the surrounding cour try, they could see (with the use of spy-glasses) th general and his troops, numbering about two hui dred men, at their camp, in the mission of St. John1! preparing their cannon. On the 9th instant, I sei duplicate letters; one by an American, who lost h papers, and the other by a Californian, to Captai Fremont, informing him of the movements of th Californians. The California courier returned I the consulate in about nine or ten hours, bringing letter from Capt. Fremont, having travelled in thi lime sixty miles. He reported being well irenlt by Capt. Fremont and his men; and that two thot sand of liis countrymen would not be sufficient I comjicl him to leave ihe country, although his part was so small. At the earnest request of the alcald for a translation of Capt. Fremont's letter, it wo given, and immediately despatched to the genert at St. John's; and one ulao to the governor of it Puebla of loa Angelas. Thegenernl informed tl alcalde on the night of the 10th inst., that Captai Fifmont hed left his encampment, and that he (tl general) should pursue and attack him the first o| portunity, and chastise him for hoisting a foreig flag in California, in the postscript of the name le tor, the general stated that Capt. Frlinont had cros ed a small river, and was then about three miles di tant from them) but the general made no prepari tion to follow him. On the morning of the 11 tl Gen. Castro sent John Gilroy, an Englishmai long resident in this country, to make offers of a rangement to Captain Fremont. On his arrival at tl camp ground, he found Captain Frfrnont had le with his party that morning; the camp fires wei still burning. He found in the camp the staif use for the flag, tent poles, (cut on the spot,) some ol clothes, and two old and useless pack saddle which the Californians have magnified into mun tions of war. General Castro informed his part that he had received various messages from th camp of Captain Frfmont, threatening to exterm nate the Californians, &c., (but will hardlv nam his messengers, nor did they put any confidence i it themselves.) From the llth to the 13th, th natives had returned to their respective homes, I icsuuin mcir cuHumary ucqumu . n lew (? ?[> that were ordered to march from San Franciaco I join the general at hin camp, returned to the homes. On tlie 12th, a proclamation was put up b the general, in the billiard-rnom, (not the uaui place,) informing the inhabitants thul a bond < highwaymen, ("bandoleros") under Captain Fn mont, of the tJnited States army, had coo within the towns of this department; and that hi with two hundred patriots, had driven them on ard sent thorn into the back country. Somo of tf officers of the two hundred patrols (and more wei expected to join them) arrived in Monterey, an reported that the cowards had run, and that the had driven them to the Sacramento river; soir added that they drove them into the htillrushes, o the plains of the Sacramento; and that, in the hasle, they had left some of their best horses hi hind. The horses proved to be those belonging I the Califnrninns themselves, and had strayed inl Captain Frfmont's band, (being nn every-day oi currence in California;! and. on raising camp, the were turned out and left behind. Instead of tl Americans bring driven out of the country, the travelled less distance, for three or four days, the the natives did in returning to Monterey?movii from four to six miles per day, in order to recrui One of the complaints made by 'the general wa that three men, when drinking, went to the house i Angel Castro (an uncle of the general) to purchai some beef for the camp, and insulted his famif On the 7th, 1 personally called upon Don Angr for the truth of the story, and was informed by hi (the father himself) that he was frightened by 01 of the Americans insisting on his daughter drtnl ing with him. On ordering him to leave the hous he resisted, but was put out by his own companion he drawing a pistol while they were putting hi out. Don Angel mounted a horse and rode off Captain Fremont's, about one mile distant, wh on nearing the case, rime to the house immediate! and called up the family to inquire into the affair. C the examination, he asked the father what he ehou do with the men. He requested them to lie punia Wd, which was promised; and was told, if he wou send a boy, a fine of five dollars should be sent him, (he being alcalde.) The boy returned wi ten dollars from the camp, which settled the bui neas, although there had been nothing of cons quenee transacted, yet Captain Frfmout was an - 4 loua not to lei the people of the country have any i >- cauveofcomplaint againat him * The uiitleretfiKxi ha? the honor l? aubacr|l>e bullae If, your moat obedient aervaut, THOMAS 0 LARK1N To the Hon. Secaaraai oe Siatb, r city of Waahington. I ia ?-? ? [No. 3a. I I CoNtoLATK or the U. S. or AMKBICa, a Monterey, April 3, H4t> I Sir: In giving my hrat uiforniation to the depart- ( merit reelecting Captain Frfmnnt'a arrivul in Cali- li ?l forma, I did not anticipate audi an cxtriieiva corre- n - apondrncti na it haa now reached. Captain Fii t >1 inont woe well received in llua place, and to I he I not 1 i- day we heard of him. by the nativee individually, p it whneold him provieiona, and liked hia preaence. tl ir During hia encampment, thirty or forty milee from a here, deapatchea were received by the eo n- c it mandant, General Joae Caatro, (a native of Monte- tl it ley,) fiom Mexico, ordering inin to drive Captain c le Frfutonl out of thia department; which order, with v la one hundied and aeventy or two hundred men p s- prevent, and over one hundred more daily expecleil, p he pretender) lo execute. Captain Frduiont left a ir hia camp a few houra af ar he received the under;e signed'a letter of the 9th of March, (not from o t- fright of General Caatro,) an he had been unsparing o the week before to travel. It ia auppioaeu he haa ii gone to St Barbara, where an American waa acnt by the uuderaigncd, in February, with funda and provision* lor ins it sr. r roin mere ne proceeiis on hi* journey, according to hia instructions from his department in Washington. Although from the correspondence it may appear that in ine [ centre of a strange country, among a whole iieople, with real or apiiarent hostile intentions toward* him, jr ihat Captain Fremont was in much danger, it can ( be believed that he was only annoyed. Whether a he will visit Monterey after this unexpected afluir, It js or not, is uncertain. tl ie The undersigned has not supposed, during the b 0 whole affair, that General Castro wished to go at r. alter Captain Fremont; nnd was very confident It t that, with all California, he would not have attacked p htm, even had he been sure of deetroying the whole u party, as five times their number could have tl ,C taken their place before the expected battle. Captain s< )r Fremont received verbal appltcatione from Knglish n ie and Americans to join his party; and could have ti |e mustered as many men as the natives. He was y ^ careful not to do so. Although he discharged five ti r. 01 six of his men, he look no others in their place M On the return of General Castro, he published a tl flaming proclamation to the citizens, informing them si ^ that a bend of bandeleroa,(highwaymen or freebool- a! ,j era,) under Captain Fremont af the United Stales o ,f array, had come into this diatrict; but with the com- u y pany of two hundred patriots he had driven them tl sr away, and exhorted hie companions and countrymen tl j to be always ready to repel others of the same class, p y This proclamation was missing from the place where ti 9f it waa put up on the third day. o l(| The undersigned has written to the general for p ? a copy. To tins day there has been no answer re- e |q eetved. Duplicate copies of consular letters to Cap- p ,, tain Frfmnnt, and in the hands nf General Castro, n lB he having taken them from one of the consular's cou- u riers, promising to forward them aa directed. These n copies he promiaed to return, but has not done so ti This government is about sending a coinmisuoner p to Mexico (as the undersigned believes) to report y the country in danger of revolution from the Amen- n cane. By this we understand in California, (foreigners ,) that some Americana (who left Capt. Fremont) are joining the Indians to attack the farms, and others were about to take possession of a town in the upper part of the liay of San Francisco; and lhatSn. VV. Hastings (author of the History of [1 is California) is laying ofT a town at New Helvetia ie for the Mormons. None of this information (in g the opinion of the undersigned can be relied upon) ie is to he given to the President to urge upon him the li t, necessity of giving General Castro two hundred p ie men, (he prefers not many men, nor any Mexican C f, general,) with auffi<-ient funds to protect the coun- A i, try. As a general thing, Hastings's book is very n r- untrue and abeurd. He brought a number to this a country, which do his coun rymen no good, and is perhaps injures them. No general English reader y will read one quarter of the book. The arrival of >- Capt. Frfmont has revived the excitement in Calid forma respecting the emigration, and the fears of the it Cslifornians losing their country. The undersigned / ? believes thai if a new H.lv was rrnnerlfoll v nlanted. t, it would receive the good will of much of the wealth 5- and respectability of the country. Thoae who live ti by office, and the absence of law, would faintly le struggle against a change. Many natives and for tl r- eigners of wealth and pursuits, are already calculat- <i ie ing on the hopes, fears, and expectations from the a d opparent coming change now before them, from the <* na great influx of strangers. tl it In the mean time, the undersigned has the pleas- tl >s ure of saying that, with every department of office ft jl in this country he is on the best terms of friendship, o 8- as far lis appearances ar? before him. g o With the highest re a pet and esteem, I am your u ie obedient servant, TIIOMAS 0. LARKIN. c ie To the Hon. Secretary or State, S p City of Washington. s II 1 ' [Np.81.] , S ie Mohteret, March 5th, 1846. 1- Sir: 1 have just received two letters from the e >, commandant general of California, and prefecto of r " ficial letters, enclosing me the copies. The follow- '! n nig is a translation. ie 1 remain, dear air, yours sincerely, * to THOMAS 0. LARK IN. a To Capt. J. C. Fremont, United States army. d " i- [No. 82 J v to Consulate of the United States, , y Monterey, California, March 9th, 1846. le Sir: Captain J. C. Frfimont, with a party of fifty is men, has been within the limits of California about d two months; within n few days encamped about ie eight leagues from this town, resting bis men and ie Hnimals; he has received two letters from the general n in and prefecto, wherein ho is ordered to leave this j; ie country, or they will take immediate measures to f>- compel him. They sent me copies of the same, which ^ ;n I have sent in English to Captain Frfimont. I have t- not heard from the camp since. This morning 1 J* s- wrote to Capt. Fiemont in duplicate, one by a nas live, the other by a foreigner. By to-morrow, there ' s- will be collected together nearly three hundred men, *| It, with the intention to drive out the strangers; and, if 1 n, required, there will be by the next week a much " r- larger body collected. Should this force be used n ie against Captaiu Fiemont, much blood will be spilt. * ft His party, though of only fifty in number, have '! re from three to six guns, rifles, and pistols each, and id are very determined, both commander and men, ? Id having every confidence in each other. It was the J* s, intention of Capt. Fremont to lenve this week, if hit i- animals were in good condition; perhaps he may not E y now be willing, as the people wish to force him; he ' ie was at my house alone, in February; and, in com- a i- pany with me, visited the general, prefecto, and a!- a le calde, ^informed them ol hia orders to survey the n nearest route to the Pucifir., anil had come into Cale ifornia to purchnae provision*, clothe*, and horse*; lo no objection wa* made'at the time. Since then the le general states, that he lin* received by the Hannah lo positive order* from Mexico to drive Captain Frfir moot from the country. y I shall send this letter open to Consul Parrott, of al Mazatlan, with copies of thin week's correspondence. if If there is a fight between these people and Captain 5- Frfimonl, be the result for or against him, the Amerle ic*n residents are under some apprehensions of their c, safety hereafter. I would therefore request you, if t, in your power, to despatch a sloop-of-war to this le port from Mazatlan, on the receipt of this. I underrc stand there were, in December, five of our ship* of d war then in that port. Should this be the case, I y hopo it will not be inconvenient to comply with this le request. I have looked for the Portsmouth over i* two months. Capt. Montgomery informed me he. ir was to return. c b- 1 remain, aim, your respectful aervant, to THOMAS O. LARK1N. " to To the commander of any American ahip-of-war, [ c- in San Bias or Mazatlan. ie [No. 83] y Consulate or tub United State*, " in Monterrt, California, March 9th, 184fi. * ig Sia: Enclosed with thia you will receive several " it. copira of correspondence in this town, for the prea- J a, ent week, also an official letter for the captain of any ' of ofourahipa of war, you tnay have in your porton your f ie receiving thia letter. It ia itnpoeaihle to say wheth- 1 y. er Seilor Castro, the prefocto, and the general will J il, attack Capt. Fremont; we expect am h will l>e the m case. 1 am just informed by Srfior Area, the gen 1 ie eral's aecretary, who has juai come in from the gen- 1 It- eral's camp, (St John's,) that the whole country ' e, will lie raised to force Capt. Frfmonl, if they require ' s, so many. Seftnr Arcs further says, the ramp of the 1 m Americans is near Mr. Hartnell'a rancho, on a high .' to hill, with hia flag flying; of the latter I am not cer o, tain. Aa you are acquainted with this country and v, its people, you will advise with our naval captains >n on the subject of sailing immediately for this port. . Id If the vessel ia not actually obliged to go elsewhere, h- it is mvearneat desire >l>e >! r?. U? ?n ih. Id receipt ofthia, although everything may end peacoto ably amonget na. th Ralieve me to be, youra aineerely, ?- THOMAS O. LARKIN. ( *- To John Pakkott, eaq., United Sratea Conaul, *- Mazatlan. 11 o. oe-) Coniuixtc or tub C wit to Statss, Muuirry, California, March lu, Sim Your letter of yesterday 1 received last night it 8 o'clock; i (hank you for the same; u u>ok from no a weight of uneasiness respecting your ?"m ion. The alcalde of Monterey haa requtaird 0f ne a copy In Spanish of your letter. Not knowing rliot you might approve of in the cane, I had a,m< .hjaetion: on second thoughts I considered that he alcalde having given the courier a paeeport for without which Tic would not go) carrying of the eltera both waya, were made public, and people night put a wrong oonatruction on our correspondnee, (gave it to him with the following addmona. alao lonsidered the letter contained nothing of n?ortanre to keep secret, and now annex my letter of hoi morning to the alcalde. As you may not have copy of your letter I aend one. My native ourier aaid he waa well treated by you?(hat two houaarid men could not drive you. In all catee of ouriera order your men to have no hinta or worda nth tlirm, as it is magnified: this one aaid a man ointed to a tree, and aaid there's your life; lie exerted to lie led to you blindfolded; eeye you have utty-two men, well armed, Ac., dkc., die. You will, without thought of expense or trouble, ell on me, or send to me, in every caee of nerd, not nly as your consul, but your friend and countrylan. I am yours, truly, THOMAS 0. LAKKI.V Capt. J. C. Frxmunt, United Suttee army. No. Sfi | CoNIIILATK ov TMB UniTXO STATS*, Monterey, California, March 10, lS4f>. Sia: I am not confident that Capt. Krfaioat way pprove of my giving you a copy of his hasty-wrole .tier, [but] as you allowed the courier to (ravel to le camp anil rtlurn, anil hoping the letter may, on Bing known, bring affaire lo eome battar underanuing, 1 send you lha Iranalalion you requeet. : may be lhat (he authoriuea of ibia department exact eomnthliif from ma aa United Kia'oa coneul nder the prevent aula of affaire, yet I know noting that 1 can do. I have vrrlially offered my irvioee whenever required, and now do tha aaiua I writing. Captain Kirotonc haa hia own inetrucona, and la not to ha ordered by ihia conaulate; at I would with plaaaure allay the preaent aanaaon if in my power. I can only add, that I would rea|>ecifully edviae tat you would in your teller lo the general to-day, ay lhat I would lake tha liberty to propoae thai ha hould aand a letter to Captain Kifiuont, requeating na hour'a conver*ation before any extreme meaaraa are taken; aa I am of the firm opinion, ahould tat officer be attacked, much bloodahed will eneue, lat may cauee not only loaa of life lo many of tha reeent partiee, but cauee hereafter much expenae, rouble, and perhapa further loaa of life to many of ur rea|>ective riationa; and 1 am aaliafied ihat no reaenl or Allure advantage will Ira obtained by the ountry from the circumataricee aa they now ap ear. I have reason to believe that Captain Fi#lonl onlv waita a few days to real hie horses, (havug purchased hia |?trovi*ione,) and intetida to renove immediately from California; yet it may be npeaailjle for him to do ao while eurrounded by eople with hostile intentions towards him. Will ou please send a copy of this letter to the cone mndant general, D. Jos# Castrot I have the honor to remain yours, respectfully, THOMAS 0. LARKIN. To Don Mani'ki. Diai, 1st alcalde, Monterey. No. 07.] CoiiiLATK or tm? United Statu, Monterey, California, March 14, 1046. Sir: The undersigned hns been verbally informed rial a proclamation issued, from your office, has been ul up in the billiard-room of this town respecting 'aptain J. C. Fremont, of the United States army. ! copy of this paper for the use of this consulate is espectfully solicited. , With all due respect, 1 remain yours, die., Ac., THOMAS 0. LARKIN. To Dow Jose Castro, Commandant Gfensral of California. 'risate Utter from Captain Fremont to Mrt Fremont, April 1, 1846. Sacramkwto river, (latitude 40?,) April 1.1846. It is hard to say when I shall see you, but about tie middle of the next month, at latest, 1 will start or home. The Spaniards were somewhat rude nd inhospitable below, and ordered us out of the ountry, after having given me permission to winter here My sense of duty did not permit me to fight hem, but we retired slowly and growltngly before a Dree of three nr four hundred men, and three pieces I if artillery. Without the shadow of a cause, the overnor suddenly raised the whole country against is, issuing a false and acandaloua proclamation. Of ouree I did not dare to compromise the United Itatea, against which appearances would hare been trong; but, though it was in my power to increase ny party by many Americana, I refrained from contnitting a solitary act of hostility or impropriety, "or my own part, I hare become disgusted with verything belonging to the Mexicans. Our governnentwill not require me to return by the southern oute against the will of this government; I shall herrfore return hy the heads of the Missouri, going hrough a pass of which your father knows, and be t Westport about the 1st September. I go in about wo weeks through from the Tlnmath lake to the Valamalh valley, to makes reconnoissanceof the ass which I mentioned to you before. Say many ind things for me to all the family. Glad will I be vhen finally we turn our faces homeward. 'rivate lelltr from Capt. Ftemtml to Senator Benton, May 24, 1846. * Sacramento rives, (lat. 40?,) May 24, 1846. Mr dear sir: Most unexpectedly, and in a reinte region of the northern mountains, 1 had the real pleasure to receive your letters. An express om Mr. Gillespie overtook me, the man being leal, whom you will remember as having been left y me here in the last expedition. No other tan here would have had the couraee and resolution > follow us. I had the good fortune to save the ves of Mr. Gillespie and party from the Indians, ri a charge at night by the Tlamath Indians I lost tree men killed and had one dangerously woundd, being then with a detached party or fourteen ten. You will regret to hear that among the killed ras my old companion, Basil Lajeunesse. We afsrwards fought the nation from one extremity to te other, and have ever since been fighting, until ur entrance into the Lower Sacramento valley. I ave but a faint hope that this note will reach you efore I do; but the object for which I write is a ressing one, and therefore I make the experiment, 'he Tlamath lake on our last map I find to be only n expansion of the riser above, which passes by n outlet through a small range of mountains into a irge body of water to the southward. This is the rue Tlamath lake, and (he heart of the Tlamath nann. It is on the east aide of a range of mountains, the Cascade.) Directlv west, and comparatively ear at hand, in the Umpqua river. Htrt thr Briliih uvea pont. Why do they keep it there? The trade i fur* will not justify it. If thrre ia to be any war rith England, it is of great importance that they hould instantly bo driven from this and similar osts before they furnish the Indians with fire-arms, nd engage them in their service. These Indians re considered by the Willamette missionaries (who iave been able to have only a slight knowledge of hone in the north) as the most savage and warlike ndians on the continent. So said Mr. Lee. This >ost maintains an intercourse with the Tlamath's nd other mountain Indians, and furnishes them vilh the tomahawksand iron arrow-heads,with which hey fought us. They are the bravest Indians we iave ever seen; our people (my camp, Carson, Ac.) (insider them far beyond the Blackfeet, who ore by 10 means so daring. You know that the Indians long the line of the Columbia are well supplied with ire-arms, ammunition, and horses?hardly a man laving less than forty or fifly of the latter; that they ire brave, friendly to the British, nnd unfriendly to is. These things may be worthy of Mr. Buenanin's attention. Your letter led me to expect aome ommunication from him, but 1 rterirrU nothing. I hall now proceed directly homewards, by the Colirado, but cannot arrive at the frontier until late in ieptembor. I saw a notice of your illneaa in the wpe.rs, and your letter relieved me of much anxiey. I trust that I will be able to force my way nrough this rough voyage, and find all well on the rontier. We certainly commenced our voyage vhen some malicious and innuapiciout atar waa in he ascendant, for wc find enemies and difficulty iverywhere. I detain Mr. Gillespie's courier to vrite only to yourself; believing, loo, that when his reaches yon I shall he near at hand. The letera from home have taken off half the length of the onrney, and I have courage now for the rest. Very truly and respectfully, J. C. FREMONT. Vittste If tier from Captain Frimont to Senator Senton, dat,d Montana of the JtUm California. Jul? 25, 1846. Mission or Ca?m*i , July 25, 1846. The mission of Carmel is three miles south of Monterey.) Mr dcar em: When Mr. Gillespie overtook me in