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ItV THE l?REWI|>E>T Of Till A PRC* WIhthh a itmvrutiua fur the mutual delivery of erui United Staler of America and the Grand Duchy of Bade tiaries at Berlin on the thirtieth day of January laet ; < guages, ia word for word aa followa : Convention for the mutual delivery of criminate, fug tivea from juatiee, in certain caatw, concluded l*-twe? the United Stale* on the one part and the Gran Duchy of Badea on the other part Whereaa it ie found expedient for the l?tter admioints; lion of justice and the prevention of crime within tl territories and jurisdiction of the parties, respective]; that person* committing certain heinous crimes, heir fugitives from justice, should, under certain circur stances, be reciprocally delivered up, and also to Mil iterate such crimes explicitly ; ami whereas the lav and constitution of Baden do not allow ita govemmei lo surrender its own eitixeii* to a foreign jurisdictioi the government of the United States, with a view < making the convention strictly reciprocal, shall lie be! equally free from any obligation to surrender citizci of the United States : therefore, on the one part, tl United States of America, and on the other part his royi highness the Grand Duke of Baden, having reaulvt to treat on this subject, have for that purpose appoint* their respective pleui|>otentiaries to negotiate and cot elude a convention?that is to say, the President of it United States of America Peter 1>. Vrootn. envoy e: traordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the Unit* States at the court of the kingdom of Prussia, and h royal highness the Grand Duke of lfatden, Adol(4i, It run Marschatl de Bielierstein, his said royal highlit-* envoy extraordinary and minister plcni|sitentiary i the court of his Majesty the King of Prussia, Ac., Ac Ac. ; who, after reciprocal communication of their r spective powers, have agreed U> and signed the follov ing unit ies; ARTU'lJt I. It is agreed that the Uuitcd (States and Fadcn slial upon mutual requisitions by them, or their minister officer*, or authorities, respectively made, deliver up justice all persons who, being charged with the crime murder, or assault with intent to commit murder, or j racy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery, or the fabric tion or circulation of counterfeit money, whether ooi or paper money, or the embexzlcinent of publ moneys, committed within the jurisdiction of eith* party, shall seek an asylum, or shall lie four within the territories of the other: I'rmdai, That th shall only be done upon such evidence of crirninalii as, according to the laws of the place where the fugitii or person so charged shall be found, would justify his a] prehension and commitment for trial, if the crime or c fence had there been committed; and the respective judg and other magistrates of the two governments sliall ha' power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint mm under oath, to issue a warrant for the apprehension of tl fugitive or person so charged, that he luav lie brought b fore such judges or other magistrates, respectively, to tl end that the evidence of criminality may be beard at considered; and if, on such bearing, the evidence I deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall be tl duty of the examining judge or magistrate to certify tl same to the proper executive authority, that a war raj may issue for the surrender of such fugitive. The expense of such apprehension and delivery sha be borne and defrayed hv the {tarty who makes the rc<ju sit ion and receives the fugitive. Nothing in this article contained shall be construed I extend to crimes of a political cliaracter. ARTICLE II. Neither of the contracting parties sludl be bound to d liver up its own citizens or subjects under the stipulatioi of this convention. ARTICLE III. Whenever any person accused of any of the crim enumerated in this convention shall have committed new crime in the territories of the State where he h sought an asylum, or shall be found, such person shi not be delivered up under the stipulations of this coi vention until he shall liave been tried, and shall have r ceived the punish merit due to such new crime, or shs have been acquitted thereof. ARTICLE IV. Tlie present convention shall continue in force nnt the first of January, one thousand eight hundred ar sixty, {I860 ;) and if neither party shall have given 1 the other six months' previous notice of its intention the to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force unt the end of twelve months after either of the high coi tracting parties shall have given notice to the other such intention ; each of the high contracting parties r serving to itself the right of giving snch notice to tl other at any time after the expiration of the said first da of January, one thousand eight hundred and sixt 1I86O.) ABT1CLK V. The present convention shall lie ratified by the Pro dent, by and with the advice and consent of the Sena of the United States, and by the government of Bade and the ratifications shall be exchanged in Berlin with one year from the date hereof, or sooner, if possible. In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries ha' signed this convention, and have hereunto affixed the seals. Done in duplicate at Berlin, the thirtieth day of Jan ory, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, (1857 and the eighty-first year of the independence of the Un ted States. P. D. VROOM, [t. s.] ADOLPH BAR. MAR8CHALL I)E BIEBER8TEIN, [l. s] And whereas the said convention has been duly ratiti were exchanged at Berlin, on the 21st ultimo, by Peter of the United States, and Adolph Baron Marschnll de Bi of his royal highness the Grand Duke of Baden, at the c respective governments: Now, therefore, lie it known that I, James Buchanan, said convention to be made public, to the end that tl and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and tl [l. 8.] In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hat Done at the city of Washington, this 19th day of Ma; fifty-seven, and of the independence of the United Stat< By the President: Lswis Cass, Secretary of State. r.om the Nebraska Ftoucer DEATH OF CITIES. Old Muddy (the Missouri river) has been receding se oral days, and is now within her banks. The water h been higher than it was ereT before known to be at tl season of the year. Many of the town sites on the riv hanks have been completely submerged, and the nnf< tunftve ciiy m?Krni and *1*-* ?nai'?r* wno, a rcw ww ago, were rich in their would-Is! dty Iots, h?T? not j regained sufficient moral courage to look a man in t face ami offer their water lot*. We did hear of notne w talked of building levees. They seem to think they c put new life in their defdhct cities ; but we think it w be a long time before they can resuscitate thera, as tti were not fished out of the water until life became ex tin We think the sooner they hare their funeral rtremoi performed the better. How wonderful are the chant of life ! Orrlmn parlin who, a few weeks since, would I give a pmtyune for a lot in a town two ami threc-foni miles from the river, are now deeply interest"! town building on the hitch rolling prairie, some I miles from the river, and in mi almost uninhabil section of country. Verily, man is a strange a inconsistent being, but men who come to this T ritory for the purpose of making cities are not be outdone by old mUddv ; and. being driven fn her banks, they are now seeking locations in the tenor Three towns have sprung into existence a I miles west of our place, (Coining City :) two Waahii tons and one Troy. Our place is now completely s ronnded by dtles In embryo ; and, had we not alrca been convinced that Cuming city wm situated exactly E UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. JLAMATJON. uiiutls, fugitives from justice, in certain CUM, between the n, was concluded and signed bjr their respective plcnipotcn which convention, being in the English and German Lan- # * > i- Vertrag swiscken den Yereinigten Staatcn von Amerika 11 einena-its und dent Gruesheraogthuiu Baden ainlererid Beits, wegett der in gewiseHi K&lien su gcwahrenden 1 atndiefrrung der vor der justia Hlicfatigen verbreeher, 1 i- Da es bchufit, beaserer vcrwaltnp- ^rr tec'nUflcge und sur te vvrhtttung von vset^eHCh lunerha d des Uiebetcs und J )r, der tiericliWOailkeit der contruhircndeu Thcilv rweck- ( >g Jnsaoig befiwden worden ist, data, individuen, wcicbe ?- gewiwse acbwere vrrbrcchcn bcgehen und vor der justiz l- tllichtig grworiien wind, unter umstanden gegenaeitig rs auagetiewrt werden, such dass die betrcffenden verit brechen uamcutiich aufgezShlt werden; und da die < l, Geaetae and Verfassung Baden* wilier Kegterung uicht . >f gestatten, die eigenen UalnttMM einer auMvitrtigen Id jurisdiction zu UbMiieCertt, aKo dil* regierung der ( w Yereinigten Stouten, mit itucksicht darauf, dass ( to der vertrag iinter stronger recijirocitat genchlcaaien r si wild, gleh'krrwwiw von Jwicr verp-ftichtung frei il iieiii noil, Burger der Yereinigten Stouten anszidief- t id era ; so halien (He Yereinigten Staaten von Amer- . ? ika ciiienieite und wine Kbnigliche Holieit der Gross ! ' herzog von lluien andercrseita, KscMossrn, Ubcr > i- diescn Gemnatand su verluunieJn uiul zu dieseu Beliufe ; *1 ihre mpnctinti BaveHt&ttchtigten ernaunt, um eiiie is Veberelnkunft tu vereinbaren und alMnmrhliesara ; nSin ? Ink ; Dur Priisident der Vereinigten Stouten von Amerib' ka, Peter I>. Vroom, auxsenidciitltcbeu ticsandten und ' ?t berollin&chtigten minister tier Vereinigten Stouten tun j , Kdniglich Preuasischen Hofc : und seine Koniglichc I e- Iloheit der (Jrossherzog von lWlen. Adolpb, Fteiherrn r- Marsehall V. Bicrberstein, Allerhdclwt Ihren auasenir- j dentliehen Ocmndko und bevoHmiichtigten minister tui dem Hide Seiner PreuasUchen majestat, Ac.; Ac., ] Ac. ; wclche nach gegenseitiger mittheilung ihrer re- i ( *]*cUven vollmoehten, die folgenden artikel vercinlwrt und untenek'hiict haben : .vrt1kel i. II, Man i*t dab in Uherein gekoinmen, doss die Vereinigten *, Stouten und Roden, out gegenseitigc requisition!?, wclche to respective sie selhst odcr ihre gesundten, beoiuten. of oiler bchbrden eriiuKD, alio individuen der justiz ausii liefcrn aollen, wclche beachnldight das verhrechcn ties a- monies, oiler cine* angrifl's in mbrderischcr abuicht in oiler dot secraubs oder der brandstitlung, oder des ic raubes, oder der fade chung, oder der verfertigung oder er verlireitung falschen geldcs, eei es gemunztes oder papier- ! id geld, oder des defects oder der unterschlagung ufient- j is licher gelder, innerhalb der gerichtsbarkeit eines der , ty beiden theile begangen eu haben, in dem gebiete des j re andern theila cine Euflucht Bin hen odcr dort aufge- ' p- fimdcn werden; mit der besehriinkung jedocfc, duss if- dies nur auf solchc beweise fur die Btraf barkeit geschees nen soil, welche nach den gesetzen des orts, wo der re flUchtling oder (las so hcschuldigte individuuni ufgefunle den wini, dessen verlialtuug und stellung vor gericht ic recbtfertigen wtlrden, wenn das vcrbrechen oder vergee hen dort liegangen wan-; und die respective!! richter und le andere behhrden der heiden regierungen Bollen macht, be- j id fugnias und autoritiit haben, auf eidlicit erhiirtete angalie ?c cinen befchl *ur rerhaftung des fllichUings odcr so bench ul- . le digten individuums zu ertawen, diuuit ervor die gedacliten ic ticlttcr oder andern bebonlen zu dem zwecke gestellt at werde, lines der lieweis fiir die straf Imrkeit gehdrt und in erwiigung geaogen werde ; und wenn bei iliescr verneh- j * mung der beweis fiir ausreieheud zur ant'reclithaltiing der beachuldigung erkannt wini, so soil es die pfiicht des prlifenden richtere oder der behdrde sein, selbigen, fiir die 1 betreffende executive behdrde festzustellen, damit cin j liefehl zur ausliefcrung eines solchcu fltichtlings crlossen : werde k i in ne ,11 I>ie koaten einer soli-hen verhaftung wild Ausliefertrog ii- sullen von dcm tkiel getragen uwd erstatct werden, wci- ' i her die requisition crlSsst and dtii lluchtling in cnipfang niinmt. < to Der in halt dicsses aitikclsdaif kcine w de-he nusdehncndc nuslegung erhalten, dosser auf vertirecher politimher na- ' tur tuiwciidbar wSre. t abtikcl ii. e- Keiner der contiahirendeti tkeilc hoii gchalten sein, in ( as gemkssheit der Itfstimmungen dieser uebercinkunft seine cigeucn blirger odcr untcrtkaiien auszulieferu. abt1kix iii. es Wenn ein individuum, das eines der in dieser uel ?rein- ] a kunft aufgczkhltc.n verbreehcn angt klagt 1st, ein news \ as verbrccken in dera gebiele dcs Staotes began gen haben ( ill Hillte, woes cine zntlucht gesucht hat odcraufgcfunden i n- wird, so soil ein ?dches in lividuum nicht eher in gemKs- | ] e- sheit der bcstimrauugcn dieser uelwreiakunft ausgelief- l ill ert werden, wis bis (ia-sscllie vor gericht gestdlt wonlen sein und die anf cin solches nsues vcrbrechen getsctztc rtrafe eilitten haben Oder freigesprochcn sein wird. artikkl iv. ;il Die gegen wiirtigc ueU-reinkunft soil bis twin 1 sten id Januar, eintausend aclit bundert und sechzig, (1860 ;l in 1 j to kraft blciben, und wenn kein thcil dcm andern scelis mo- i ( n nnte vorbcr inittheilung von seiner alwicht maclit, die- ( ;il selbe dann aufzuhelien, so soli sic ferncr in kraft bleiben n- bis zu dcm ablauf von zwblf monatcn, naclnlem einer iler of liohen contrahirenden tbeile deni andern von einer ?ole ciien alisicht kcnntnis* gegclicn list ; wobdl jeder der bole ben contrahirenden tbeile sich dass recht vorliebklt dein ,y andern cine solcbe inittheilung zu jeder zeit nach dein y, ablauf des gednchten ereten Januar. eintausend acht liundert und sechzig, (I860,) zugehen zu lassen. alttikkj. v. ii- Die gegenwiirtige ueliereinkunft soil ratificirt werden te von dein PrKsidenten unter und init der (ienehmigung n, und ZOstimmung des Senates der Vereinigten Staat.-n nnd in von der Badiwhen Itegierung, und die ratifieationen sollen zu Berlin innerhalb eines Jnlires von dem heutigen dAtum, oder wo mbglich frtiher ausgewechselt wenlen. re Zu urkunde (lessen haben die respectiven bevnll iniiih ir tig ten diesc uebercinkunft unterzciclinet und hieru'itcr ill re siegel Iwigedrtickt. u- Zu zwcifaclicr ausfertigung geschehen zu Berlin den ',) dreissigsten Januar des Jalires eintausend aeh hnndert ii- nnd sielien und fllnfzig, und iui ein und achtzigstcn Jahre ,li>r nnalililitiriirlfeit der Vi'n'i nii,(tm Sit -in I?. D. VROOM, [t. ?.l i ADOLPH FRHR. MARSCHALL VON BIEBERSTESN, [l. B.] ed on l>otli parts, and the respective ratification* of the same i I). Yroom, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary 1 icberstcin, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary ' ouvt of his Majesty the King of Prussia, on the part of their i 1 , President of the United States of America, have caused the he same and every clause and article thereof may l>e observed 1 ie citizens thereof. ul and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. f, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and < s of America the eighty-first. I JAMES BUCHANAN. J I the right place, we certainly should be now. We arc ; 1 glad to see ho many villages springing up "around us ; j ,v. they will all lie tributary to us, and will help to build rp | l(Vi our fast-growing town ; I will not say city, for there | .j. man.' oiilna in tl.Ia nunnn ixitlwn.t Knnuoo tk.t i or term city has lost its meaning, ami the simple, plain j >r. word town will convey the idea to every one thnt we Us have a few houses. ret Our citizens are making, extensive arrangement* to ho bnild this season. A large number of strangers have alhc. ready arrived, and our hotels are full. We want more | an hotels. Who will he the lucky man to build a good ho- | iU tel thai will accommodate about one hundred guests ' It ' ry will be a paying institution. We will make a donation it of two good lots in front of the public mptare on Wall ' street to any person who will cause a good hotel to l>e (ol | erected thereon. lot 1 According to the (hurrirr Frxmm-ltnlxn, M. Carnana. rtli historical painter of Valetta, in the island of Malta, has jn i discovered that slate is snperior to wood for engravings [(,n It is, he alleges, easily worked, reproduces the finest lines with remarkable exactness, and resists longer than ! wood the action of the typographical prow, so that sev- { r*'' eral thousand copies of a design can he struck off without I er ! producing any sensible difference in the <|uality of the imt,,! prearion. ont j The D. C. Foster was wrecked off the Delaware break ,* : water In the late gale : and, In an attempt to rescue the rcw crew, the wreckmastcr's boat was upset, ami three of the ctvw, named James A. Itowlaml and O. W Burton, and j a colored man whose name is unknown, were drowned. ,,r" Two others of the crew dung to the liottom of the boat. *Iy and they and the crew of the schooner were afterwards In saved. j WASHINGTON CITY. ? ; r SATURDAY MORNING, MAY *3, ISiT. j, M-Ur Host M. Uwi*. mmdcubmry, Alabama w oar gwwraHr?? lime tfrot far Iho BUlea ef Alabama and Itooaraa**-, aaatotod by C. * Uva, JiU> U. ljnria, and Sam m D l?w? M~Mr bun E Jiw, Ho. Its South Truth ^ |-?il?d?.lphU i our foutral IrovrlhuR afwat, amrtrd Wu. U. Weld. Jean tin. 1 at, Jjjttx nwa, J V-.wtTr B B. Jama. Tana. P. Nms, R. W Sua an, E. Vr. WitBT. We. L Wiiain, Jin II. Ctam, P. K. Mr* u, Baa. t. Ha mi*, T. Jauui. and P. Lurm M-Mr. C W. JjJOB, No. 1 llarrt-m itrert, Cincinnati, oh*'. I* our I antral ?olk< tli'L *<<uit for the Woeu-ro Statu* and Trtw. aaatetad by i. J. Tnnaa*, Wiuua H. Tmrnaa. Tlx* M J,am. Dr. A. I. Onua. laoaun Moan*, and ItKmiai' Lau Krct>l|j?a of either will be good. ] THE FOREIGN APPOINTMENTS. Much lutMMl rt evidently felt throughout the :ountry In referonce to the foreign appointment* j rhis arises partially from the fact, that never at any oriuer period have there been so large a number of, excellent names presented for these appointments, j Hie President w ill obviously be emlmrra-sed in his ^ lelections, not only by the number of applicants, but ( >y the number who are qualified for tlie places they , leek,and whom he would be glad, doubtless, to grat fy. lhit, of course, the appointments must be bound- | ><1 by the offices to be filled, and not one in ten, we ] inderstaud, of those recommended for hiissions ibroad, can be MceeMfuh \Ve think we may add tafely, from what we liave learned on thin rubject. , hat the proportion will l>e much lesa ;ir to the valuable consulates. Some of these were filled by ap- ( [ ointments made under the late administration within j lie hist two years, and are not likely, we suppose, to . tie immediately changed. It is understood that the recommendations of the ipplicants are now before the President, and that he arill gradually make appointments as circumstances . nay justify and his own time may permit. It cannot be expected, of course, that he will despatch the whole Foreign list in a morning's work, and make suminary /hanges everywhere, for this would bo absurd. And, w hatever may be his general policy as to renewing >ur representation abroad, we are quite sure that, ?von as to places which he may intend to fill, and whose occupants have not yet asked leave to return iiome, he will employ no unreasonable abruptness in recalling them, or in any other manner give them list occasion for complaint. In the mean time the ipplications, as everybody knows, are all on file with [he recommendations in support of them, and multitudes can bear w itness to the patience with which the President has listened both to tho friends of the ipplicants and to the applicants themselves. It will, we feel confident, be a source of deep regret to him that, in appointing one valued friend, he may be :>bliged to disappoint ten who are equally esteemd. HEALTH OF SENATOR BUTLER. We have tho following gratifying intelligence through the Columbia Times of Tuesday : " We learn, through s gentleman who arrived in this ,-ity last night from Edgefield, that the health of Judge [tutlcr had improved, and he was regarded much liettcr. rhis will he highly gratifying news to the friends of that listinguished gentleman." The Charleston Courier of last Wednesday's issue jays: " 1 he telegraphic wire speeds us ' the good tidings of treat joy' that our aide, distinguished, and U'loved sen itor, the Hon. Andrew Pickens Butler, is better, and promises convalescence and final recovery. We trust that the grateful intelligence will 1 3 confirmed in due course id mail, and that the gifted and eloquent Butler, the cynosure of both the Senate chamber and the social circle, will long be spared to represent his native State iu the senatorial council, and to enliven and adorn the walks of private and social life." Since the above was in type we have received tho following telegraphic despatch from Augusta, (leorgia: " Acorn*, May 22.?R-ports coocvrnisj the health of fudge Butler an' somewhat contradictory. A letter from iirt nephew says there in scarcely a chance for hi* recovery, , ind it in generally believed tliat he is daily declining. llw iiscaxc is dropsy of the abdomen." i MISSISSIPPI AFFAIRS. Our democratic friends in Mississippi are now liold- i ng their primary county meetings, and the spirit Manifested at these gatherings leaves no doubt as to < the action of the patriotic people of this great State i it the approaching electioji. The following resolution was adopted at a meeting recently held in Marshall county: "RetoUtd, That we hail the victory of the national demXTutic party in the late presidential election as the auspicious continuance of our Union and the permanence of >ur institutions; ami the inaugural of James Buchanan ax i pledge that the constitutional rights of the South will ;? rsajiected. and tliat equal justice will la* giveu to all sections of the Union." xv e cordially endorse tnc loiioxx'ing resolution, ivliich was adopted by a democratic meeting held liiB month in Hancock connty: l '' lifulred, That the democratic editors of Mississippi i(-serve tlie thanks of the people of theSauth for the al>il- ! ty with which they have defended our constitutional ights : that we recommend the organisation of club* throughout the country for subscription* to their paper* 1 uid more general advertising in their columns, ami that, n the distribution of nomination* and offices, they should >c classed a* A No. 1." We copy the following from the Vicksbtirg Sentitel of the 9th instant: "The booming of cannon at noon on Tuesday last announced the arrival at our landing of the David White, raving on lmard Col. Jeff. Davis and his family. The iistinguished warrior and statesman was visited by nuiniiers of hi* friends and fellow-citiaeiis during the brief itay of the boat He looks the very imbndiinent of denoeracy, like a thorough republican, and received his friends with a cordial welcome, cordially reciprocated. He will be in the city on or about the 16th. ready for the festivities of the 18th his just, yet inadequate meed." The same paper thus notices the arrival at Vickalinrg of lion. W. llarkadale : "Hox. W. Babkbsaue?Tills well-approved Congressnan from the 3d district was in our city, for a short time >n Saturday last, on his way home. He has made a faith'ul public servant, ami we should feel highly gratified to lave him returned with the unanimous voice of the denocracy to the scene of hi* late labors at least oner again. I Whilst rotation, to a certain extent, may be good policy, ? ve should not like to see good officials, whom course and -niifiun Iiavu i?rrn iinc*iTTjui??ni?iw\ uj^niiy riKl tU?KH%. < KTe eonfess to great partiality for the Pvksdale family. | letter patriots, purer men, with sounder judgment and prater devotion to principle and energy in advocating it, ind stuunrher democrata than they, do not exi-t." HON. A. H. STEPHENS. 1 The Federal (Georgia) Union aays : " We have seen a statement going the round* princi- 1 wily, we believe, in opposition papers?that Mr. Stephen* I utd determined to retire from Congress. Wo know not vhat foundation there may be for this report?we hope here is none, and if Mr. Stephens has ever come to any mch <letermination. that he will reconsider and reverse t. This is not the time for the strong men of the South i ? retire from Congress. (Seorgia cannot spare Mr. Kte- i ;>hons at this time from her delegation ; his place could I lot supplied by a new man, and we believe the people i rf the Htli district will insist upon his returning to the i position where his services have been so useful to his coun- < ;ry and so honorable to himself. No man in Congresa at i !hia time can do more service to his State ami section than i Sir. Stephens, and we trust that on reflection ho will 1-e < xmvincol that it is his duty to serve his country for mme < inte longer." , UNITED WE STAND-DIVIDED WE FALL. This trite aphorism, though so long and so frequently epcated, lias lost nothing of its wisdom and force. It cs the same truth taUght by the fable of the bundle of . ti iticks, which, whilst bound togother^lhr- strength of | 1' i giant oould neither Lrffgfc ildr Lend them, yet, when <1 oiDOUnd and taken separately, the efforts of a child ? were sufficient to simp each one. (1 Whilst the States of the Union remain bound to- ? ijetlier by the strong bond of tho constitution? I1 !>y the syuipntliy of ooiumon interests, common wants, and coinmou dangers?by tho memories of the I [last and the hopes of the future?no power on earth ?' .-an successfully assail them or materially damage " them. It is equally true of tho democratic party, r All the experience of the past goes to prove that as c long as it remains united?as long as its memhsrs act r in concert, and are governed by the same priuci- * pies?tliey are always BUcretoflil, always invincible. " It is only by divisions, jealousies, bickerings, and c misunderstandings amongst themselves, that they lose * their party strength, and are beaten by their enemies. The identity of the principle* of the democracy, and 1 it the same time their justice and fitness, constitute v their strength ; and as long as the party acts harmo- 11 niously upon these principles, standing up boldly > iud manfully to the issues and measures which grow 1 nut of them, victory crowns their efforts and success i [oiiows iiieir winner wnerevcr 11 is umuricu. Seeing that these things arc bo?and that they arc so our entire political history proves to be true?how , is it that we frequently see restless and ambitious ; men of our party rebelling against its usages, resisting its reasonable mandates and requirements, and distracting and dividing it by their complaints, or impatience for their own promotion ? Eternal fault- ! finders and croakers are they. If every whim and j caprice is not gratified, they denounce and abuse i. their friends, and endeavor to render others as much | dissatisfied as themselves. Their clamors are as unreasonable as their imaginary griefs. And thus it happens that the rasping complaints of some disappointed aspirant, of some one who runs before he is called, some sore-head, whose aspirations and self- j love never can bo satisfied, have just influence ; enough to distract our friends, and, in local coutests j where the strength of parties is nearly equal, to defeat us by division and want of harmony. Then j there are extremists who never can he made to coin- i eide fairly with their political associates. They are j always a little ahead or a little behind the policy of j their party; and no persuasion or argument can j change or satisfy their discontents. Such men are : a disadvantage to any organization^ By their impracticability and obstinacy they bring trouble upon their friends and discredit upon their cause. They forget tliat no man can reasonably carry out his extreme opinions. They forget that in all associations of men, for whatever purpose, if they would be harmonious and successful, there must be a spirit of conciliation and compromise. The organization of ! society itself is upon a basis of compromise. Gov- j eminent is a compromise. The constitution is a compromise. And even party organizations proceed j 1 upon the same principle of surrendering some little ! ' for the purpose of securing a greal deal?of submit- ' ting to be bound up with the bundle of sticks in j order to become strong and irresistible. We make these observations because we have 1 seen and felt the manifold curses of a divided party, in particular localities, and the damaging effects of | an obstinate spirit of resistance to the usages of the de- , mocracy. We make them, also, because we desire to ! arrest the attention of our party friends, and to cause j them to reflect upon the vital importance of unity of counsel and unity of action. Let them illustrate the maxim, as politic as it is true, "Everything for the : cause?nothing for men." We make them, also, because we have seen examples of this unyielding j spirit and obstinate persistence in a factious course, j where harmony and unity would insure success, and stubborn pertinacity must certainly bring defeat. This ought not to be so; and the party should ever j deal summarily with men who, to accomplish their i own mere personal advancement, would distract, divide, and defeat their political friends. Never had the democratic party stronger claims to . the confidence of the country than at the present ; n.?:, v. _ ' umph of principle; lias demonstrated their national- ' 1 ity, and the conservatism of their measures and their policy. Their policy has become the policy of the j 1 country. The opposite policy has been totally repudiated by the people. United States Banks, tariffs ; < for protection, internal improvements by the general | government, and the distribution of the proceeds of ! : the sales of the public lands amongst tho several i ' States, have become obsolete ideas, and arc no longer ' 1 the issues or the measures of a party. It is true, , however, that at this moment distribution lias been < resurrected for the occasion, and its skeleton form ; i again dressed in the gaudy garments of selfishness : I and hopes of profit. Appeals are now being nude \ j to the people of Virginia, who being for the moment j ( under the pressure of high taxes, the kopo is in- j < 'lulged, that some may be incautious enough to be 1 caught by the delusive bribe offered to their hopes, ; < Mid thus be made to desert their colors and go over j to the enemy. The same thing is being done in Ten- I i riessco and Kentucky. But let the democracy re- i | member that this doctrine of distribution is wrong in principle and wrong in policy. It is at best a cheat j and a delusion. Ixst them beware, lest it divide and < iefeat them. Let thern remember that "united they 1 stand?divided they fall." < CONGKKHHIONAL NOMINATION. ' The democrats of tho ninth district in Kentucky j Have nominated the Hon. J. ('. Mason for Contrress. < Die I?uisvillc Democrat nqri thin in undoubtedly ' the strongest nomination which could have been made. Mr. Maaon ban signified hi* acceptance. : ? PKNSWTLTANIA UTAIltH. , Both branches of the Pennsylvania legislature were " lo have adjotirned yesterday line die. On Thursday , svening last a democratic caucus of tho senate unan- t imoualy nominated Hon. William Welsh, of York, as ' their candidate tor speaker. Alluding to tho pending gubernatorial contest, the ? Loser no I'nion says: i " The nomination of Wilmot for governor ha* created no enthusiasm among the Mix k republicans. They (an- I rot raise n shout in hi* lsduilf. Hie only hope they ha 1 : J to <*rry him through the campaign was to keep up the 1 ilarcry excitement, and make the people of IVnnsvlva- c tin Is lievc that the freedom of Kansas depended u|mu1 his j lection, lint that dangerous agitation is liushed ; the t inestion is to be decided according to the principles of ! t wlf-gorcrnm<at, and the people of Kansas will I* allow- | r *1 to form their own constitution without the aid of < migrant companies, Wiarpj's rides, or northern fanatics, f All honor to the wisdom of democratic policy I" I ? AlM'HOACniitu BRA OK OWL) KKKIJNG. We say to the friends of social order and uational uncord. be of good cheer! All the eigne of the imes are propitious. ' Truth is mighty and will revailand new truths are bursting in from every uarter on a benighted aud misguided world. New nd unexpected facta and circumstance#, and predicions, aud anticipations, disappointed and falsified, rust, slowly but surely, produce a new and different >ublic opinion. A half century ago, and all Christendom believed luit we lrid only to liberate the negro in order to levate his Bucial, moral, and intellectual condition : ,nd, moreover, that when liberated, like the libented white Borf of Europe, he would become a heapor, more efficient, and more industrious labour. Then all men, North and South, were aboliionistH, or quasi-ubolitionists; for the most conaervlive were dauled with the glorious exploits of Jalobinical Franco, and somewhat infected with her marchieal heresies. Dut now tho experiment of negro emancipation ms been made, and we are reaping its bitter fruits, vhich have proved every where sad, fatal, and disiHtrous. Tho liberated negro is fast becoming an die vagabond or a Pagan savage, and the white laborers throughout Christendom are forced to do louble work for half-pay. Nay, worse ! the market 'or their manufactures has been so narrowed and 'ostrieted by the wholesale emancipation of the West ndies, Mexico, aud South America that they are brown out of employment to starve ; and Frcnchnen have adopted the horrible dirge, Du rrrre au raivallnnl, ou morir an tombattant, as their watchword . ind rallying cry ; and all western Europe, from her garrets and her cellars, from her fields and her fac- , tories, howls in unison, like a pack of starving wolves i lust starting in quest, of prey. And even in America j lifty thousand unemployed white laborers in New ; fork, in the midst of it winter more rigorous than that which felled the hosts of France mid the snows jf Russia, repeat in solemn resolves the fact and the : sentiment, and send it re-echoing across the Atlantic. And (larrison and tlrecley, Smith, Parker, I*hillips, and a host of others, the fabricators of the ruin? they, and those like them, who have made savages of the negroes and paupers of the whites, who have taken the fetter from the African and imposed it on j the limbs of the Caucasian?they, with hypocritical j ant, pretend to bo the especial friends of the poor. ' ind incite them to social rebellion. No political, 110 social change, will feed and clothe the hungry and the naked of Europe and America. S'o such changes will supply the deficiency of cotton, if sugar, of rice, of molasses, ofcoffee, and of other slave ' products, which deficiency abolition has occasioned, rhe white laborer, because of abolition, has to pay these prices for these articles, whilst the same causes that enhance the price of living cut him off from a market for the products of his industry, and throw liim out of employment, to starve, hut negroes returning to the savage state, and white men st.-.rvii l?y the million, are but part of the horrible iniquities t>f bleeding pliilanthropy?but part of the newly-discovered facts on which wo rely to change public | opinion on the subject of abolition. Europe must have the slave products of the South ; and. to compensate for the loss of IFayti, France seizes 011 Algiers. England deluge* Asia with blood, and finds or forces her way into the Celestial Empire, whilst bcr citizens and those of America, in defiance of law and Llic penalty of death, and in the face of three allied Beets, carry on the slave trade, with a cruelty greatly aggravated by the vain attempts to suppress it. I Worse than this: Abolition has made the demand for slave labor bo groat, that a new traffic 111 human ilesh, transcending in its horrors the bloodiest tale of fiction, has been added to the regular slave trade? we allude to tho cooly trade, an I refer the reader, for proof of our assertion, to a "Report of tho Secretary of State to the Senate, made and ordered to be printed August, 1856." The mere facts on which we rely to dispel the abolition mania have but recently been admitted and divulged ; and even now France and England reluctantly. and but seldom, confess their philanthropic blunders : and abolitionists in America sturdily deny the very facts of history. But "Truth is mighty and will prevail." The people will learn the true state of the case, give up all abolition opinions, and visit with reprobation the pretended philanthropists who liave misled, betrayed, and well-nigh starved them. As abolitionism disappears, the other isms that listurb society will depart; for they arc all the outgrowth and offspring of abolition, and arc sustained Mid kept alive by it. It is historically true that men who begin life as anti-slavery men soon become antiitarriago men, anti-church men, or imidels, agrarians, uid socialists of every hue. They find the principle jf subordination involved in every institution and relation of society, and the objections to those institutions anil relations similar in character to the objections to negro slavery. People, once convinced that negro slavery is right, will readily sec that the lominion of the husband and the parent, of the captain and the general, and that dominion which prop- < ;rty gives to its owner, are also right aud expedient. We are quite confident that all the pestilential j sins which now disturb and distract us will ere long i fiasB away, and nsher in a new era of good feeling. NEW HAMPSHIRE Hon. John 8. Wells has written a letter to the I diairmon of the democratic 8tate committee of New j Hampshire, in which he announces his resolution to lecline a renomination as candidate for governor. In :he course of his letter Mr. Wells says: "In tin- thirty-three annual eld tions which have taken ilorc since I became a voter, I hare wlfaiwuJ the triumph if our [inrty in twenty eight of those trials ; and never, j luring thai long period of time, except in 1828 and 1856, ! lave we failed in a presidential election. "Tlic regrets over our failure in 1828 gare way to the >xultation* which followed our union with the democratic ttate.i which sustained Gen. Jackson in 1832, and "leave ! i* only to deplore, in this State, the success of I >i go try in<l fanaticism at the last presidential election. But eTen Am the fidelity of the New Hampshire democracy was endcrod manifest by their casting for Mr. Buchanan more rotes than were ever before given to a democratic candllate in this State." At a democratic meeting held in Macon, Georgia, in the 16th inat., the following resolution was unaie mously adopted : " KfJrrd. That the democratic party of Bibh have iniled with pleasure and satisfaction the accession of lames Biuhnnan to the |>resideiidial chair; thnt they tave received his inaugural address as an ample earnest >f bis Ann determination to administer ojnal and exact nsthe to each and every section of this great confcrlcray ; nnd that they confidently expect the next four year* o lie distinguished by a broad and comprehensive statesmanship, which sliall at once secure to us the Messing* J peace and good government at home, and that digniie<| |-.tition in the eye* of foreign nations to which our ncreaslng resources fairly entitle us." DEPARTMENT NEW*. STAT* DirUIMMI Fninkfiirt-om-tht- Mavi - ,Tbe following Interest mg count of this city has been received from an inMligcu, correspondent residing there : " From the earliest times Frankfort has been cW|, connected with the other five cities of Germany During the ancient empire the titles formed together one corpo ratioii at the Imperial IHet, and enjoyed one vote in public affairs. " Up to the dissoluti- n of tire German empire, in ^ year ltMH, there existed a gn-st mi?nl<er of 'tee torn* which had preserved their sovereignty and independent against the surrounding primes. de|ie(Mlitig only on lit empire, arid enjoying various privileges granted to then try the emperors. 'Ihcsc disappeared, for the greater part, with llic events of the revolution. Of those wihetr had survived the Gentian empire the towns of liaiulmrgb Bremen, and Lulieck were incorporated with the Flench empire ; whilst Frankfort became the scat of the Qraial Duchy of tire saute, created bv Napoleon, and plat at u der the rule of the Prince Primat Archliishop of ltatiVw> The overthrow of the French conqueror in IF 13 restore three towns to their former independence, and they vrrc received as sovereign members of the confederation "The towns of Hamburg, Bremen, and Lulieck ua., belonged to the Hansu, thut celebrated league which wm funned in the 13th century. Its original object a an tl? protection and extension of commerce; hut its |owcr mj influence increased in such a way tluit it at length inch, ded eighty-five towns ; it c<|uip|>ed fleet*, and deciarul war on ncigbiioring MMatea. Kngaod and other po?m concluded treaties with the Haiuta. and were glad to en joy ita friendship. This league, however, was <li**olvo| in 1630, when tin- lost of its Diets was held at Lubeck; and from that time Uic three cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Lubeck remained ah nr. as the properly-called Han* Towns. These, with Frankfort-oo-the-Main, form tb four free cities of the Genuau Confci fetation. "These four frer^citfes are represented in Uic Gornun Diet by one minister, ami hare together one common voice. Notwithstanding this joint representation, cad one of the four cities has its own particular representative at the seat of the Wei. Hamburg is represented by Mr Kirehenfrauer. Bremen by Burgomaster Small, Lubeck by Senator Elder, and F"rank fort by Dellarnier, senator ami eldest flu r _"-master The joint rote of the four eitw is alternately intrusted to each ?f the towns for the j*. riod of a year. " Tlie free cities likewise hare i|l common a ivupniric court of a j-peal for lair CMC*, aikl political tjuhlUaW; .too. sitting at Lubeck ; ami the control ovi t whl< h tcrnately oxeni-cd by one of the four cities. llediln that. tliere exists between them a siinifltude of political institutions. Tlieir f <rm of government is that of a republic. the hash, of which (excepting the short jK-riisl ?f has. DcrertheleMA, always bee n rather more if an iuistm ratical than of a deroociatical character. Tlieir interests are closely unit.-1 ; they have the wuue political friends ami opponent*. " The commercial relations between Frankf. rt and the three Hans* Towns are very extended, especially those with Hamburg whose bookers entertain a very large business with the first Iwnking-bowses of this city. Ftlgkfort is the metr .polls of the interior genend commerce o( Germany. and the Frankfort Exchange is one of the chief reguLt'.-s of the German m<*wr ami st<wk market. 'Ibis is true to snth a degree that there can exist in (iermnnr n.s irMMift fUiflm fir 'tiKs nt?t fan' wttlintit it ran iiiJ wimittaiKv to tin- Frankfurt market. Those joint-stock hank*. wad joint stock companies km other purpose* -such, for instance, a* those at Xemingen, Hamburg, Luxemburg Wcisner. 4c. ?all lire, kcuac tolerated by Frankf-ft, ami woald Ml the wwoit Frankfort should show uruptoiBi of distract. "Bremen, Hamburg, and Lata, by their manufactures, trade, and xuvigatir-n. spread all over the work; l be two first, a* great port* <*f German emigration, occupy, without doubt, a prominent rank amongst the commer, rial cities of Germany, and even of Europe. But, oh the other hand, the political importance of Frankfort is of much greater we ;_ht than that of the other free dtii*. ! By its gr>?,Txj?iikal dtsatkxi it has become the Centre Of Germany. By mean* of ite raiinsuls it is placed at the gates <4 Fmo.-. Swit?rrku?d. Belgium, and Holland. It is the tanking-bottcc of all southern Germany. Its cspi| taiists nourish tire commercial, manufacturing, and in; dust rial interests of a great extent of country. It has in ; its vicinity the scats of several Gennan States, as Baden, Wnrtftnidiiv HnM* ! V\rrv_c*v^r Xstrocail. IlilllililllL'. Bi'^-OMwi-WlUnt, Hanover, the Grand Duchy, ami Duchies of Sajlc . ke It is tb- ant of the German Diet, and as snrh the political u-ntre of Germany. Not only the representatives of all the German government) are united here in a common centre, bat all the great p?\v?n?fKar<>pe are ,.resented hj spcxial ministers, anil lately their example has been imitated by several Statu of wx-eiKbrT rank, as >pain. ^voko. Sardinia, Belgium, ic. Some others, like Portugal and Greece, arc represented ly consuls general. 4 This city has often been. and will no clcuht continue to 1- . the phi. > of m-,x ting : - tent if;, and other gatherings, tlx transaction* of which are of general interest, even to foreign countries. In 1847, for example, the wcietv of German phibdogists and the European society for the reform of the penitentiary system met at Fr.uikf.irt, In ls.ij it ?i- the scat of the peace congress ; in 18M that of the meeting of the German Protestant clergymen. In the month of Jane then; will be at Frankfort the meeting of German teachers, and in Septemlier thut of the international congress of beneticencc. A meeting of German artists wras likewise projected for the present year, but it La- U-en ad . urned All tlxsc meetings, to whkh the authorities a* well a- the citisena give liberal encouragement, and which JuTord the means to gather information of even general public interest, could not appropriately he held in the Hanac Towns, or ill any other dty of Germany, so well a* Frankfort." rmx vsrr.t t>r.i abtkrxt Ajfoinlirxnl.?We understand that K.unuel Flcnetuits, esq., has been jq .pointed apprais er-general of the customs at Philadelphia, in place of P. Harry Haves, esq. WAR iccr.vRrxRvr. General Olden, I Heap^c crrras or ntr Abut, So. 7. J Sew York, May JO, 1857. In recent orders from the headquarters of a department, the arraign incut and consequent trial of ocrtoin-nanwl soldiers before * general txmrt-iuarUal oruercn "tor w trial of such |xrs?in> as may l>e properly brought lie fort it" is pronounced as "not having been authorial) by the department commander.' the charges not has ing been forwarded frvm department headquarters, but pro fenad on the spot. It is not 'he null safe or onwstcnt uith the interests of military discipline to allow thi- ruling to p??s unqoestioned into a precedent lire t.nlers were in the usual form. nor limited hy any | accompanying instnn tioos. Under such orders, it hm been the long standing and general practice of the servius foracourt-in.arii.il. in its discretion, |. try offender* urain-t whom cbargi-s are pr ~ented. through the judire advocate, by the highest Authority on the spot. The entoni s.-1-ms ail reasonable .a.- (vnivaient, and can only questioned by a negative inforvnee from the silence ol tlio law. It invades no right*, but pnrtects the right of speedr trial It raws expense, empties the guard-hour-, nisi makes punishment cfttlin by promptness. Should the authority instituting a court-martial disregard those considerations, are I limit tho oonrt to the tri-d of certain-named cases or of a certain ciatw of cases, a apecific firm of order should then be used to exptrw its if tentions. By command of Brevet lieutenant General Scott: H. L. 8C0TT. Acting Assistant Adjutant General. Appointment.?Jerome R. Got in, of Illinois, has been Appointed disbursing agent to the Fort Ridgely and Soutii Pass Wagon-rood expedition, nndcr the superintendence '' w ii Hotmo, , in jcaco of ITi-I.i i\ muooch, signc 1. JAVT DVAtnuT. Xaral Hoard of Vml>rt.?TV Secretary of the Navy hiw appointed the following board of visitors to witnaat the Approaching annual examination of the midshipinen tached to the Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland: Captain* Pcndegrost, Lowndes, and Wilkes, and (.'< ? wanders Kennedy and Thos. J. Page. This examination will commence on the first Mondsy In Jane. In the United States district court, Beaton, in thee**' ?f Isaac Thacher at al r? Phillip Domar. esq-. Ware onlered a decree for libellant. of ?16..V)0 damage and cx?t. Tlie liliel was for an alleged Injury to d?P Herliert l>y ship Superior, by a colliaion in running on* the harlior of Han Francisco, July, IW3 Appeal claims nd allowed. Choatc and Bell for libellants; George Pillord for respondent*.