THE WASHINGTON I N I o ;\.
riibltnhrd by COBNELIl N M l \l,? I ,
A! the UNION BlIIJ Kit., bat. I in* ami U b
Til Ml DAILl UftlON will I* fwbMetk*! ^ , r> mill g, (\|?-n
-. - X' JMo) (lulWf'i t.. I'it > Ml < 0 i * .? ! : ! .
week, pwvaMe K> tlic oollfrtetr Tu by (rail , *J ?t> i e
annum id fur <\x month* Officer* of the g??v ? *htm i. t pajrm
tj ndvmn*, wtU bt; charg* <1 %H per annuaI
II*; MlCMl-WKKHIA ' NlO>
| Wedneoday ami Hulonlay, at 14 per aunutu ftr ot?r copy, gift*-:
tlm ougiMi and f 15 flbr tire toploa.
THIc HKKKI.V VJKjAXSy, & vary larre i*a|i*r for ootintn =
circulation, will bo (WMUN m?ry Saturday morning. at the fbi
lowing prtccf : For otto cony, %'? |>?r auimm ; tbfoe iv?|*e? for t6 five
latitat lor Ps t. u for $15 , twenty copitfa, $mi ( ?mc
t'i. hfubflcripUoa* may commence at any time
TO A via j.tfifs' nTRKrrrnwv
i^UOM WASHINGTON DITIKCT TO ML PART8 1
OF nil-; VVKST DCTHWEHT. AND NOHTIIWK T ?BALT1 J
Ufc AMI OHIO KAlldtUAib WIN IKK ARRAV.FHKNTS (
f?u ^lbrvo|h l auu ?rt' w<m ? iu dally, e*o apt Holiday, from vn .i*b I1
the us follow* ; | 'I
1st Mail <i itx f irts nt 7 45, * m., (Sunday excepted,) connecting
cloned) at Washington JulietIon, for Cumberland *ud I'Unlnieut.
M. The <1iuihi?mU St. LmHs and Chicago ftxpre?? Connection leave#
wT|fahlC*"" al ;i 4P* P- rushing OuofcmaU at hao, p. 111., neat day,
mi l i;r>Bnarf1t?lL "rirtl; wiilicxpn strain ft*i^ut?vUl?,Caro,a??l ihe , ,j
tietAfewest, and ft* St Ixwi#, K*hmi Ac. j
4'u *iei* tfco grand mountain momiy of the roud iu daylight take ik
?iy**r the 7.40, a. u?,?or 3.40, p. tu., trainfrom Washington, and lie
over at Cumberland or Piedmont.
For Paritorsburg and all atatioiia oti the Norths*eateru \'irginia road
the 4.40, p. m , tram. For Martuttu and Ctticiuimti Kailroud Lake
the #*m?
Through tick eta aad hiugugo chocks to all quarters, and every .
Vttier possible facility, will bo found upon this route.
Way pasao tigers for the main stem of the Baltimore and Ohio Hail
i >*ad will leave Wa.ilitngton as folhrv.r. I
For all point* between Washington J unction and Pisdmout take the
7 ik. a. u* train
for all stations hetwoeu Piedmont and Wheeling, take the 3.40, *
p ?o , train. fV? ctmaert with the Frederick train,uke the 3.40, p. tn?,
lilUI. j
yOU BAl/TIMORK AN*I) TOR EAST.
I Lease Washington for Baltimore at OH) aud 7.4ft, a. in., and 3.40 r
aud 4.35, p. m On Suuduy at 3 4o, p. in , only. i
1,'dve p tlhmere at 4 30 and ft .SO, w. t?i., and 3.30 and ft.30, p. m. c
On Sunday rt 4.30, ?. m., only. r
The 7.45 uud 4 3$ trains only svill atop at way station* and for An- 1
*Kt|toli4 <>.uneclkon-. tl
J he ? a*. ;V. us , and 3.40, p. m are the chief con tw?< Fwg tratiiK fur T
rbe Wo-H, and th 0.10, 7.4ft and 3.40 trains fur (Kn Ka*t. g
Fog further information inquire hX tiro BaWmore and Ohio Railroad
Ticket Ofliec, of TUOS H. PARSONS, Agent, Washington.
W P. SMITH,
tJct 8 Master of Transportation, flutttnom.
vpw A.RR v:M ;kmj :\T.
<?RJSAT CkKUTHWKSTFJtN HOI"Ph via ORANGE ANI) ALEXANDRIA
RAIIJtOAD.
i'roxn WASHINGTON CITY to Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama,
Mississippi, IjouMwm, Arknusas, and Texas.
Through Ticket# can be obtained at tic great Southwestern Rail
road OflVcc, corner of Pennsylvania avenue and Sixth street, Washing
on, on board of the Steam Ferry Boat Oeorgtf 1'age, or at the Offlco of
the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, at Alexandria.
To Iliciimofid. Danville, I-ynchhurg, llrirtfoi, Knox v I lie, (Hilton,
i Atlanta,Chattanooga, Nanhrlllc, IJuntavilIe, Brand June *
Hon, MeinphlH, Montgomery, and Kcw UHc;tn.s. I
fiy a Direct Route and Cout'unou.s Railway OfmwoirtotiH to Memphis
Ailordiiig greater Kxpceiitiou and Ooinfort, and being over Ut>0 milen
shorter than by any other route.
I The Ht Mm ferry boat <4oorge Page leaves the foot of Hevonth Htre? t
| St Big ok',lock,* tn., f??r Ahxandrla, where passengers take Hie car? R>r
iHUdtmoiui. (3iMrIotle.>villa. Staunton. White Hnliihur Sitruies. W'oimI- 1
Itdock, &c , and at 7.?^, p. in., for Richmond and uli points Southweat, J
nyucing sure und close connexions In Memphis.
Baggi^u wwgona and omnibuser leave the office, T*. avenue, Hi 6 |
n olock, a, m., und 7, i>. m.
JAMK9 A. EVANS, Agent,
June 18?tf Washington. j
, M E K A R It A NO EM ENT. -litre ateamtr
O GfJOHflK I'AOK will run ah follows:
l^ave Alexandria at 4, 8, If), 12 o'clock, a. m.; 2, 4, and 8 o'clock,
IB.
Jatare Washing ton at 8, 9, 11 o'clock, a. in.; 1, 3, f>, and 7 o'clock,
p. m
The THOMAS COLl.YER, whvn on tin- route, will run a' opposite
liour?. Faro 13 cent*.
Wbaley'a omnibuses connecting with the Pago and Collyor, will !
| leave the Coital, and corner of 12th street und Pennsylvania avenue, |
fie wm? time the boats leave Alexandria.
June K Bed?tf RICHARD WAI.LACH, President. ,
Notice to than ellers.?new arrange- ;;
MP.NT. WITH GREATLY IMPROVED HCHKDUIJK. ?FROM WAfll I ,
MOTON DIRECT TO ALL PARTS OF THE SOUTH ANP SOUTHWEST, j
' MA POTOMAC STEAMERS AND ItlCHMONI) AND POTOMAC KAIL- ,
I KOAD 1JNK.?Two fast dally linos from Washington for the South
slid Southwest. Bouts leavo their berths, foot of Oth street, at ^
) in., nnd 7_'a,p. m. Passengers l?y the morning boat can obtain a fln<? .
| breakfoat on board and enjoy a pleasant Hall of 3l? hours down the
beautiful Potomac, passing in full view of Mount Vernon. By the I
ovtming boat t'ley insure a good supper aud a rest of four hours in j
comfortable herthrf or state rooms, and arrive in Richmond In time to j
connect with all the trains for the Smith and Southwest.
The great southern mail is conveyed over thin route, it being 44
mile- shorter and 100 ralUM less railroading than by any other route, i
making cortalu connexions to
FiucnKuiGfUWRn, RICHMOND. AND Pf-rrKit-nuKo, VIKGIMA ; WKLDOX AMI
> \V||.MIXGTI).\, N. C. ; CriAKIJKSlTO.V, S. C. p At Ul'STA, bA.: MONTUOMKHY
| *SD Momue, ALA., Dinner TO Nkw OKI.KA.VH AND AU. sotTtfxjt.v citikp j
AND TOWNS. '
' Also, connect at Richmond with the Danville, Southsido, Virginia, I
Tennessee, and East Tennessee railroads
for thi soraiwwr to
Danville, Bristol, Da) ton,
Chattanooga, HuuUville, Memphis,
l.vnchburg, Knoxvillr, Atlanta,
Nashville, Grand Junction, Montgomery,
and New Orleans.
For through tickets and further information of the route, inquire at j
the southern ticket office. No. 372 Pennsylvania avenue, ouo door
oaftl of Browns' Hotel, or on board tho boats, foot of 6th street.
UKU. E. MAI 1IM. V,
August IT?ly Ticket Agent. j
DA. CARD WELL, Real Estate and General '
Commission Broker, hue taken tlie ''(lice, up stairs, in No.
, M8 Pennsylvania avenue, where ho proposos to attend to Belling and
Inlying reai estate anywhere in the Union, renting out ami collecting
rent*, unci procuring housed on rent or lease, or any business appor,
taining to real estate, with unexceptional legal aid. ?
The settlement of claim .a c?f any description on the executive de
partmcnts and bureau* of government and Congress, and member*
of Congress ; especially claims of tho distant and adjacent newspaper
press tor subscriptions and advertising, hi* experience being such as
^ to enable him to furnish the liccwssary forms and instructions to parties
having ?uoh, rn well as attend'ng to has ing advertisements inserted
in any or ah of the papers in the District of Columbia or else |
i where, on application by letter or otherwise to him ; thus saving the
[ expense of a trip to tho city, and prompt returns made.
Also, the negotiation of loans on good security, and all descriptions
of buftinoss which may projKirly be cla-sed under the head of a
general eommiswlon brokerage.
Hkfkhbim : Hon. Wm, A. Harris, (formerly of Mh-ouri.) Dr. A. Y
I'. Harm it,, Col. das. <i. Burrct. mayor ; Kichurd Wallneb, o.-q., and
the proprietors of the newspaper press generally of Washington,
Messrs .1 A- O. II. Davenport uud Ijou. J. Caskie, Ihc-hmoud, Va .
Hov. Wm. 8. Plunwr, Alleghany City. Pa : Col. A. T. Burnley. Frank*
fort, Ky., and John <>. Sargent, esq.. Now York city. Dec i?dtf
GTATtf or GEORGIA, ELBERT COUNTY.
In tbe superior court of said county, March term, 1858.
Present his Honor James Thomas, judge of paid court.
Whereas sundry bil s have been tiled in thin court by iegateen un
der the will of Wm. 8. Burcb, deceased, against John C. Buroh, oxe
cutor ot >aul will, for payment or their respective lvguries. and claiming
that tho legacy in raid will Ha rah Kesen should ho paid to the
P:Arties onUtied thereto in tho event of her death, leaving no child or
children.
It is ordered that Bold Sarah Ke?ce, or her children, or her or their j
legal representatives, appear in this court at or before the March term,
18&P. to claim slid legacy, as, in default of sail appearance, said
j legacy will then be directed to bo paid to the parties now before Hie
court
And it is further ordered that a copy <?; this order be published once
n month foi uine months, the publiixUiou to be before tlie month of
March, lKi>0, in tin- following newspaper*. to wit; Tbe Constitutionalaiist.
published in Augusta, (Jeorgia; The Union. published in Wusli
iftgtou, in the District of Columbia; Tho l/misville .intuitu!, published i
in Louisville, Kentucky ; and sonic newspaper published in Cincinnati,
1 Ohio.
i A true extract from the minutes or tlie sujierior court of F.lbort j
county. Ceorgia, at March term, A. D. 1858, this 17th April, 1858.
April 37?lam3m M08K8 K. M1M8, Clerk
Tub thihd annual exhibition of the
WASHINGTON ART ASSOCIATION will lie Open to the public
<ui .Monday, the 8d day of January next , in their new and spacious
gallery on Pennsylvania uvenue, between lOthnad lltli stro. ta, and
} will continue Lorn six to eight works.
Works exhibited bv the a-soclation con Dt of paintings, sculpture,
drawing*, architectural designs, and engraving.**.
Tho gallory wilt bo open for their reception from th* 5th to thn
both of December, and 10 a Inter period fur work** intended for the
exhibition which might lw unavoidably delayed in shipment or Iranpurtutlon.
4
t 'fiie expenses of transportation and return will he borne by the
im <x i.dinii on all works forwarded by it - ow n agents, or by those
to whom circulars are add rested, and the ns-oclntinn will ho d it If
rospoii Iblo for any damage sustained by w?-rk while on exhibition.
' On the sale of work* exhibited or deposited In the uallery a comuv
i'.ii of n> jior cunt, w II be charged.
A description Huttalde l\?r Insertion in the catalogue should bo at
(ached to each work forwarded, together with it.- price, if fi?r sale ,
the name of possessor and tlie tintm- uidaddre of the artist. The
same MiouW also bo c< intnunkwied by mull on tho uhlpmetil of iho j
woik?.
; By order of the board of management
HOKATJO KPANK, Provident.
Wjt5iM!NGTOX, P. Wov ft, 1H58. \o\ 7 lawtf
j CiRI f,TN<. OFF ! tfKLUNr, o! i
o
BCM?T4, MIMKS. AMI IM BURKS,
of every description, for
I,idle.'. Mioses. Youths, and Children, at tho
LAWKS* HflOE 8P0KK,
No. I ft I'run. avrvuA.lrttwn 8th ami Uih VrrW/
Udios, we manufacture all our own goods, thoraby po.xevtiig ih?
mvequahnl advantage of securing litem at drsl ooft, which, of com - <\
remits to the benefit of thu purchaser, (hir gaiter*, In p int of tit.
lwutify, mul utility, have tin a< know lodged superiotiiy over all other?,
und our doable -oh* morocco and km Ixieb ami button gaiter*. A? .,
Ate., lor win^r wenr, havo only la be examined to cure a pupba*er.
Also, long rubber boots for ladie aiid nn-.sc*. All Ihii^r ol? at astoiiisl.lng
low prices. T. CLAUK.
Vo\ ju ?MV.d?4*
/ 1 KNTI.KMtK S W I N T K l! UI.O\ I I*. -I ,
vJI Sl'I.Kit, Merchant TolWir, No. 4P? Seventh -troot, has jnat r? j
nod frotn New York another addition to his large and ftlrcunt slock 1
of i:anilem??'s c>ood<*
Couth men who vhtt hi* ftior* iijj; \ rely on finding . MrvHUng In
In- line which the) require, Mulct tm- mo ? pi- Ming prh
Parti-ulAr nttM Hon Is Invited to a line hit of Megan! a inter (j'ofo# j
L
mt i
VOL. XIV. NO. m. \
FOR SALE AND ItENI
|^OK KI.N ! , eith? i 01 nuJurnihhc'l, n. i
by (lit) \ onr of ft.i ?i niii'i tn period, my hoc*e, on the corner of
and r*,.'rd it(rt?U. oc< upied du/tug tho Inn l *o*nioii of Oourcn by
Ion Mr H*uiin>>nd, Yuih'd Stales nrmuor from South Carolina. In
??ir< of |>AVII> A HAlX,
Nov 6- eodtf No. 40h C street.
IT^OR RKNT.- Tiitj Front Parlor, and lietl-Kooiu attach*!,
over Kid well & Ismrenee'* Drug Store, the mo t
iivbtble room* on th?' ?vi'iiu?, on account of iUo netrne.i* to (he doutiiiKUt*
and Willrird s lintel. Also, tw>? bod room* In third atory;
il furiiUhod. Apply to MltNYKU. & l.At RKNCK
Nov 10 UUwtf K, m ur lib atrial
\P1RLOR ami ' H Vmbkk I OR REM Fut
nished with g<ia, fu?l, Itc., luitubb fbr m Divber of Cuairwii
fj?l wife; there being no family iu the Uou.m il I* very iMriMr
ipply to JOHN WAtfHJtK
The 5- tr 2i6 IVimaylvaula avenue.
1AO LET- 'I'Ih- oirtmi-Mtoiy brick hout?r, No. 423
IVthHired, between Kami K. Ha* bath-room and ga*. Bent,
14*26-. Inquire ou the premise* Nov ?Mt t(
INI IE ONLY ARTICLE rXRIYALLKI) IN MARkot,
with burnouse Home ami Knropeati jN-itmnd
The re a* on why, U that by nature's own process it restore* the
ntural color perm uientiy after the hair become* gray; mtppUt'fl the
lataral fluid*, and rhu* make* it grow on bald head*, remove* all
landriiIT, Itching, and brat from tin M'tkr, (|*lf\i and !??? * up the
K>rviw, and IhuH cure.* all nerVous headache. and may be fofled upon
0 euro all <11 sous* s of tho ^ciilpnttri hair . it will Mop and keep it from
tilling off ; makes ft soft, glossy, healthy, and beautiful, and, if used
>y the young two or three times a week, it will never fall or become
pray; then, reader, rend the following uud judge for yourselves :
nkw York, JRII. 8, 1S58.
MlfttSK* O.J. Wood k On Gentlemen : Having heard a good deal
ibout Professor Wood's Hair Restorative, and iny huir being quite
jray, 1 mode up my mind to lay o-ldo tho prejudices which I, in com
non with a great many persons, bad ugaiiwt all manner of patent
nedicines, and a short limit ago I commenced u?lttg your article to
it it for myself.
The result has been so very satisfactory that I am vorv glad I did *0,
md Injustice to you, a* well as for the encouragement of others who
nay be n* gray as 1 was, but who having thy prejudice without my
casons for netting it aside, are unwilling to give your Restorative n
rial till they have further proof, and the best proof being ocular de
nonstrnUon, I write you this letter, which you may show to any
itlcli, and also direct them to me for further proof, who am iu and out
?! the N. Y. Wire Railing establishment every day.
My huir h? now its untiir.n color, and much improved in appearance
very way, beiug glosttor and thicker, wad much tuoro healthy
ooklng. i am yours, respectfully,
HI N RY JKNKJNH.
Corner Colombia and Carroll st*., Brooklyn.
lavixoHTON, Ala.. T'eh. 14, 1858.
1*rof. Woot??iHiar Sir : Your Hair Restorative has done much good
n this |Mrt ot the country. My hair has been slightly diminishing
or several yearn, caused, 1 Mupposc, from a slight burn when I was
ltdto an infant. I have been using your Hair Restorative for six
Avk.s and I And that 1 have a fine head of hair now growing, after having
i*c I all other remedies known to no effect. 1 think il the most valua
do remedy now extant, and advise all who are utili sed that way to
iso your remedy.
You can publish this if you think proper. Yours, &c.
S. AV. MIIMHJSTON.
PniLAmcirttiA, Sept. 9.18"?7.
l'Kor. Wood?l>ear Sir . Your Hair Restorative is proving itself
jenetlcial to me. The front, and also tho buck part of my heud al
nost lost its covering?was to fact bald. I have used hut two hall
tut bottles of your Restorative, and now the top of ?n\ head is well
nodded with a promising crop of young hair, and the front i.- also
receiving ltd benefit. 1 have tried other preparations without any
uonclit whatever. I think, from my own personal reccommeudatiou,
[can induce many others to try It. Yours, respectfully,
IV R. THOMAS, M. IV
No. 484 VIllO street.
The Restorative* i? put Op in bottles of three sizes, viz : large, milium.
ami small; the small holds half a pint, and retail* for one dol
I&rpbr bottle; the medium holds al least twenty per Cent more in
proportion than the small, retails for two dollars per buttle ; the
largo holds .1 quart, 40 per cent, more in propdrtiou, and retails for
a bottle.
(K ,1. WOOD & CO., Proprietors, 312 Broadway, New Ytork, (in tbb
Ifreut New York Wire Railing E*ta Wish moot,) and 111 Market street,
it. LouU, Mo.
And sold by all good Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers.
Nov lfc- -d8ra
T^TKVV LUMBER YARD.-?-The subscriber would
JL1 respectfully cull the intention of builders to his superior stock
of lumber, jitsi received al bis wharf on Sixth street and canal, con
3 is ting of white and yellow plnu Ixaurds, plank, jots ta, scantling, puling,
potte, lath, Sc. felon, homlock boards, \^>-t. and antllng.
Ciirrf age and cabinet makers are invited to cm initio his choice variety
of nib, hickory,, maple, ponlar, bo** w?*xi, cherry, Ate.
The nbovu stuck of lumber has boon selected w ith great cure, and
will bo sold on reasonable terms.
HEPBURN McCLURE,
Dec 22?3m 6th street and Canal.
MANSION HOl'SE,
formerly the ehiutt house,
No.-ir rurrnr of F and Fourteenth street*,
lire 7?If WASHINGTON, I). C.
WILLIAM T. 1H)V K At CO.,
<JM tlrcfl, a feic ilaort north of I'cimni/h'aiiui avenue,
r>K(l lssve to announce to the citizens of AVasliJ\
ingtou that (hey are now prepared to exeoute any orders
which they may be favored with in the
PLUMBING, GAS, AND STEAM-FITTING
l>u*ino?" The respective branches will be under the supervision of
skilful workmen from the North, where practical experience lias
made them familiar with all the modern improvement-. In fact,
they have spared licithor trouble nor expense to procure the very
best of workmen.
We invite attention to our Btock of CHANDKL1KRS ami other gns
llxtures.
N. B. Strict attention, promptness in the execution of order*, and
fair prices induce us to hope lor a share of public patronage.
Dec 25- tf
VTKW YORK HERALD, DAILY TIMES, TKlJ^l
bum*. News, Philadelphia Press, Philadelphia Lodger, Ac., received
on evening of day of publication. Single copies fur sale, or
delivered at the residences of subscribers sumo evening.
New York Ledgir, Mercury, Weekly Flag of our Union, Glcn-mii'*
Linc-of Battle ship, Bullou's Pictorial, Waver ley Magazine, Homo
Journal, and all other Philadelphia, New York, and Boston weekly
papers received and for sale, or delivered promptly to subscriber*.
Everything in tho cheap publication line received as hkiu as published.
' D. J. BISHOP k CO.,
216 Peiin. avenue, under WillardtF Hotel, aud
Nov 25- -dtf 438 i'enn. avenue, near A}a street.
I7INE EDITIONS OK ENGLISH AND AM Kiltcan
Historians, Poetry, the Drain i, aud Belle I/Cttro writers,
. ..i i-...#.. i.;..I. ... Il.w
editions of many of tho stnmWd French authors tlncly bound in
Paris : family 111 bios, both English and American editions ; Pocket
Bibles and I'nyvr Books in c.df, mor< ceo, and velvet ; Albums ;
French nnd Euflish Drawing Books ; und u largo collodion of tho
beautifully illurtr.it'-1 book-* of tho day, many of thorn of pertnaneut
value, arc for mile by tho undersign** I ut extremely low prices, moot
Iv imported from Europe by hlin&elf.
' .fin 1 FRANTIC TAYLOK.
Law an?l Land Agency, Wash in gt on.
YOUNG <y N1LES.
1)ICHARD M. YOUNG, former ('oinniiBsinncr of
l\i the General Find office, und SAMI'KI.V. NII?t, late of tho
\ uginia Kcrip, Kovohitlonnry, and War of 1812 Bounty |;ni I Bureau,
in tho same department, having entered Into a copartnership, will
hereafter give their Joint attention to nurh business a* may bo confided
to their management under the above Arm. Thoy will devote
their attention chiefly to the prosecution of claims before Congress,
the Supreme Court of tb" United States, the Court of Claims, and all
the executive department* of tho government.
OH Ice No. ISO Pennsylvania avenue.
Deo 10?co*ittt
UNITED STATES PATENT OF KICK,
Washington, Dei ember tfl, 1858.
oX TI1K PETITION of John Fowler, of New York, praying A?r the
extension of a patent granted to him a < nssiguee of Henry Jones, <?t
Brl-lol, F.ngland, on the 14tli of May, 1849, to hear date of an Kng
lish pat"iif granted the KUli of Marc!), 1845, ha* an improvement in
the preparation of Hour for broad m iking," for seven yearn from
the expiration of paid patent, which frik'-s place on the Uttli day o|
M iroll, 1859
It Im ordered that tho said petition ho heard at the Patent Office on
Monday, the '28th <-i February next. at 12 o'clock, in.; and all p r
sons are notified to appear and show cause, If any they have, why
BA d petition ought not to Ik* granted.
Persona opposing the e.\teosi<m are required to file in the Patent Of
day- before the day r*|" hearing. All testimony Mod by either party
to be used at the said hearing mini bo taken and transmitted in a*:
o >rdatu:o with the ruloi ol the olftec, which will be furnished ?m application.
The testimony in the caw will bo closed on the 14th Kebrtiarj iwxl :
dopo-dtion*, find ether papers roiled upon h? testimony, tnusd be lilfti
1.1 il?o oili.-o on or before the morning ot that day; the argument*
it* any, within t hi days thereafter.
Ordered, also, that lb la notice bo published kti the Union, Vfa-h
togtou. I), t\. an I Itally New.-. New York., ones- a week lor three
\w k>. the ii i publication to Ik* at leant sixty day before the -JSfh ol
F ebruary mxt, the day of heating
JOfhPli llol.T,
Com missloner ot Patent*.
I'. Jv Editors of the above paper* will please copy, and seat! theil
WIN to the Patent Oflica, with a i at per containing this notice.
I?ec 17 Inw.'tw
I) II. (J1J.1.KT, Counsellor nt I.hw, lias romovotl
JLVi# his ollie.e to his residence in Franklin How, corner of K and
Tmrteenth streets. Ho will continue to devote his attention principal
ly to oasep in the United States euprmne Court.
" Or* US?dtf
/ 101,1 M HI A N I'OI.I.KCiK SCHOLARSHIP FOR
\_7 sale.?A scholarship in ib<* (blmnblau College, ior Um who)#1
ti-rm of four years, will bo soUl b?r n little more than hall price tr
any person wisbiof to purchase one. The scholarship par for room
rent and tuition, which is $70 per year. I will sell Mr MAO ra?h, a*
tie original is Worth $2~>0ot fV'NQ
Addr< CATM INT, care of T B I Washington P <) , II. C
JVC P III
jtttipt
"LIBERT*, THE UNION,
WASHINGTON CITY, St)>
j ARMYSrpPLIRS
Orvm OK Amy CLowiro and Kwt ikauk,
Philadelphia. January 6, 1859.
, SEALED PR'JHJHALH art) invited ?utl will b>- received at tins ??lll> .
uulil 10 o'clock, a m.. of Monday, the acventh day i?f February
j dflxl. for furtttahtng by cuatroct the following army ui"i
toriuU, deliverable m the United Stntee Clothing and Equipage Depot,
I (tjchuyikill Arsenal,) m qouutittfs am required, vly. :
: 2,500 yards 64-luch dark blue (Indigo wool dyad) cloth, for c*p*, to
weigh about 14 ounces per yard
60,000 yiuda 64 no h dark blue (intligw wool dyed) twilled cloth, to
weigh 21 ounces per yard
j 70,0'H) yat*ds fl4 Inch dark blue (Indigo Wobl dyed) twilled cloth, to
weigh 22 ounces per yard
126,000 yards 64-inch sky-blue (Indigo wool dyed) twilled cloth, to
weigh 28 ounces per yard
12,000 yards blankets, wool gray, (with the letters t7. S In black
4 inches long in tin: centre.) to be 7 feet long and K feet 8
luce* wide to Weigh 8 pounds each
80,WO yards 64 inch dark blue (indigo dyed) wool flo-uncl, to weigh
10 ounces per yard
12,500 yards 27 inch dark bluo (inulgo dyed) cotton and wool flannel,
to weigh 0>, ounces por yard
100,000 yards 31-inch white (cotton and wool) flannel, lo weigh 0,'g
ounces ja-r yard
120,000 yards 27-inch Canton flannel, to weigh 7 Otmcoe per yard
100,000 yards 27-Inch unbleached cotton drilling, to weigh 6)t ounces
per yard
50,000 yards 36 inch unbleached cotton drilling, to weigh 8 ounces
nor yard
84,600 pidrH half stockings, 3 tlaeg, properly made of good fleece
vVooL with double and twisted yuru, to weigh 3 pnuitda per
<lo7.cn pairs
10,000 yards red hunting, 10 Inches wide, 42 yards lung
0,000 do white do do do do do do do
6,000 do blue do do do do do do do
15,000 do 42 hu h Rutfda sheeting, to weigh
4.000 do 38 inch browii ho,hind
30,000 do 36 inch unbleached cotton imusliii
10,000 do 4 j Inch black alpaca
10,000 do black tdleciu
5,000 do brown linen
3,000 do buckram
26,000 do canv ihb padding
30.000 abpetH cotton wadding ,
65,000 yards % and jjf Inch cotton tatie
filk red, white, yellow, green, and blue, for flags. j?er yard
Silk twist and sew ing silk, best quality, per pouud
Linen thread, W. H., N'o. 3 a 40, per jwund
Do blue, No. 30 a 40, do
Do assorted colors, 30 u 40, do
20,000 yards 30 iucli cotton duck, to weigh 22ounce - pur yard
12,000 yards 30-inch cotton duck, to weigh 1 .'>1 ^ ounces per yard
90,000 yards 28>?-iuch ootloudftck, to weigh 14,'* ounces per yard
12,000 yards 28-inch cotton duck, to weigh 10 ounces per yard
1.000 yard* 22 inch cotton duck, to weigh 0 oanuoa per yard
25,000 yards 33 inch cotton duck, to w eigh 9,'. ounce# per yard
38 5 trumpet and bugle cords, worsted, yellow, orange, green,
scarlet, and sky-blue
80,000 yards 'j iucli worsted loco, do do do do do j
12,000 do >3 do do do v'o do do do j
0,000 do 1', do do do do do do do i
16,000 hat conls, worsted, (colors as above,) 3 16 inch diameter, |
with a tassel at oacu end, two inches long
16,000 black felthub*, best quality, made olScotch and English coney j
and Russia liure
16.000 block ostrich feathers, 12 Inches long
10 000 brass eagles. 8,000 brass bugles
3,000 brass crossed cannons. 1,000 brass crumpets
3,000 do do sabres. 400 bruss thimbles fur Hags
10,000 do knapsack trimmings sets
60 do spours and ferrules for guidon# and colors
500 gros* iron buckles, roller, . ;4, and 1'4 Inch
00 do stock buckles
100 N, C. S., brass ami 5 bronze soulog, pairs
200 sergeants, do do 20 do do do
0,000 oorporulM' and privates' brass and 400 bronze .scales, pair.;
2,500 gri*?s coat buttons
2,500 do vest do
4.0(H) do all it*, db
d,500 do auhponder buttons
200 bugles, with cktra mouth pioc?
130 trumpets do do do
| 200 HIV.*, ft and C
j 25 drums complete, artillery
j 75 do do infantry
2,000 drum heads, batter
800 do do snare
400 do snares, set*
j 200 do sticks, pain*
j 100 do fcstick carriages
j 400 do c-ords
i 100 hospital tout poles, sets
! 500 wall do do do
5.000 hospital do pins, large
' 0,000 do do do small
| 8,000 wall do do large
: 10,000 do do do small
! 50,000 common do do
j 100,000 tent buttons, (wood,; small
: 25,0(8) do slips do do
100 garrison Hag halliards
150 recruiting Hag halliards
2,000 pounds cotton sewing twine, 5 mid 0 atrxnd*
3,000 pounds tent line, large
2,000 i>oundrt do do small
200 pounds bolt ropo
5,000 jiounds bailing ropo
100 pounds flux twine
15,000 tin canteen* with cork shoppers, 3 piuU, to weigh 11 ?? ounce*
500 iron jH>t
8,000 mess pans?sheet Iron
! 3,000 camp kettles?sheet irou, 3siz*s in nests
j 1,500 pickaxes?2 sixes, to weigh 6>? and 7 pound*
j 1,500 mattocks?2 sizes, to weigh 0;J4 pounds
j 3,000 foiling axes?cost ptoei?best quality?3 mIkcs
j 3,000 cump hatchets do do 1 d?
I 5,000 pick and mattock handles?best quality
1 0.000 lolling uxo handles?best quality
j 6,000 camp hatchet handles best quality
) 3,000 spade*?best quality?2 sizes.
i All the above-mentioned articles must confirm m nil re*pcct* to the
! sealed stuudnrd patterns in this office, where they can be examined,
j and any additional Information given in regard to them will be fur
} niched. Sample patterns of the woollen and cotton cloths will bo sent
i by mail to manufacturer* ; it U desirable that the articles be of domedic
manufacture.
I The privilege is reserved by the United titutos of decreasing the
quantity one-fourth on the acceptance of the proposal*, and of ini
creasing It froin one-third to one half ut any time prior to the comj
pletiou of the contract, by giving the contractor thirty day.-.' notice ol
such desired Increase, and of rejecting any proposals which may bo
considered extravagant,
j The manufacturers' establishment, or dealers' place of business
j must bo specifically atatod lu the proposal, together with tho names,
I ttd<lrns?, and responsibility of two persons proposed as securities,
| with tin* acknowledgments of said persons tliat they will be such se
i cnirlty or will bo responsible thi^t good security Do lurnirtneo iu cane
i a contract Is obtained.
| Hitls from manufacturers.of, or regular dealers in, tho arliclcH will
i De preferred, and contracts will bo awarded to tho lowest. re*qHu>rub!c
| bidder who shall furnish the required securities for the performance
the root .
i Deliveries to commence within lifty days after the acceptance of the
proposuls, and one-half of the quantity cent radix 1 for mu-t be delivered
in equal monthly proportions within four months from said
date of acceptance, and the reiuulndor within three mouths there
I after in monthly or greater proportions, as tho contractor may find
convenient.
| It h- to be distinctly understood, by every person obtaining a conj
tract, that anid contract Is not transferable without tho consent ?t
[ proper authority, and that any Bale, assignment, or truusfcr of it,
without Audi consent having been obtained, (Oxecpt under a process
of law,) will be regarded as an abandonment of tho contract) and the
contractor and his securities wi'l bo held responsible for nil loss or
damage to the United states which may arise from said abandon*
mont.
Payments will he. inado on each delivery, should Congress have
made an appropriation to meet them, or a>- soon thereafter as an
appropriation shull bo made lor that purjw>sc. Ten por cent, of the
amount el each delivery will be retained until the contract shall bo
completed, which will be forfeited to the United States incase of doI
rulc-dion on the part of tho contractor In fulfilling the contract,
. | Forms of proposals will he furnished upon application to this office.
Proposals will ho endorsed, J'ropotaJs far Fumishiny AnnySuj>
! ptir* and Materials, ft lid be addressed
C1W. THOMAtf, Colonel,
! Jnn 7?3tawt7Fob Asst. Q. M. (Jon. G. ft. Army.
yy IN.m B W, E OQMTANT.
Capital $200,000 !
f*T(XKHOI.DKR& INDIVIDUALLY 1.1 A Hi .p.
The only company in Washington having such a clause in Its charter
Bisks on buildings, merchandise, fumitcio, Ac., taken at the lowest
rates.
besides the actual capital of the company, the Individual liability
cl.au-'< of the charter renders tho private fortune of each .stockholder
liable for losses.
Ofllce- -Comer of Pennsylvania nvenue and Tenth street.
PUKKM:
Win. F. Bayly, BenJ. Heall, Francis Molnm,
i .lames F. liallday, Hudson Taylor, Win. Orme,
Annuel Bacon, Joseph Bryan, M. W. (in?t.
N. H -No charge made for policies.
JAMES C. MoDlIRK, President .
Onavton I). IIanaox, .Secretary. June 27?ly
C* UU'IVl liMi, rUHIIi Ull.-l IAHII, It t IrO, J>1 -\ I /
tings, Drugget?, Curtain Material*, unci llouxc furnishing Dry
Good*,audi n??
Velvet Upentry carpeting*. now design*
Tapestry Uru-sols do in groat variety
1 Now MtylcH Brunei? do super quality
i Extra heavy A ply do very rich
Extra-?up?lr Ingrain do new patterns
Very heavy all-wool Dutch carpeting*
Twilled VcuitUn i-arpettaf tor holla uud Mte|w
Velvet, and Brussels do do do
IFull sheet* extra heavy au?l vorv rich floor oil cloths, cut t>< fit
nnv si/.o or shape room, hall, or pa rage
Mo-ale, velvet, nod tufted rng* and mats
r"j Oxoa and Canton muttinipt
12-4, 14 4, 16-4 drugget crumb cloths
Kmrlhh druggets, nil widths, by the yard
Very richly -embroidered lace curtains
Matin Ulue.J, brocatals, and reps f.ir curtains
IVhit*), huff, blue, and green shade linens
>*tnir rods, curtain fixtures, Ac.
Hiving attended HAD AX A 00 *S great Carpel Auction, which took
piece in Now York on the 4ft? and 5th inst., we are now prepafod to
j oiler greater indm -incuts than ran he afforded under ordinary cireum'
stances. Durelowers are respectfully invited loan examination of our
?tock norm muv a co
I Aug 16 dlf
I ? _ . . ;..v .....
4 VAM ('AMI', DKNTIHT, IIJ*K returned (<> lli<:
J.\ (dy and rrnnsnti his practice.
operating pawn* and residence 407 F *tr*et, lirtw??'n 0th a?ui 7th
->Meeis, 4 d'?ors (Von* Po?t fWflcr Oct 14- dtf
jjtiro 1
AND THE CON8TITUTION.M
day, January #, 1859.
*PF.F.CU OF MR HUtLlin US THE PACIFIC
it ah. it on).
The beanie resumed the confiderattoll of the bill (n. '
No. (15; to mUukUu the President of the United bU?t,eg to
contract for the transportation of the muils, troops, seamen,
munition* of war, and nil other government service,
liy railroad, from the Missouri river to Han Frunoisoo, in
the State of California.
Mr. BKJUFK. Mr. i'rt*i4wit, I have for some days debited
to give expression to my views on the subject of a
rtiilroail to the Pacific (Kuan ; not, Indeed, that I am vain
enough to believe that i can advance any now or effective :
argument iu favof (if tlflr rfleasilrc. for the subject lias
been exhausted by older hftlldl! ; or tint! I Can in any w?t j
lidluenee the action of (lie Bcitnte on tile question.
My main purpose is to give form to my own views on the
general subject before voting on tin' vai ions and somewhat
dissimilar propositions now pending before the Senate, so
that my true position may be known to my constituents.
There sunn to lie, I am happy to discover, but little diversity
of opinion as to the main object All, or nearly all,
seem anxious for the construction of a railroad across the
public domain to the Pacific ocean. 'The conviction seems
to be general, as well ill the Senate as throughout tlie
States, that such an impioveuieut would he of yustadvanirge
to the country. 'Ill ntain diffidences are about the
projier menus t < ai'oompiisli the desired end ; liboitf the !
extent and character of the aid which Congress may rightfully
extend to iho proposed work, and us to its proper location.
For myself, 1 shall not be tenacious 011 minoi1 points.
My object is to secure Ilia construction of a grand ebon
net ot intercourse between the Atlantic b tales and our
Pacific ]K>sscstlons ; not so much as a menus of developing
tiie material wealth of the intermediate country and
df extending our commerce us of maintaining our rights
dial protecting Our citlilons on tile I'aciiic side. 'The
whoreahouts of the road is with 1110 a secondary consideration.
1 care not that it be a few degrees further north,
or further south, so that it he a great national highway,
open to all, and of capacity sufficient to answer all the
purposes of the government, and the demands of commerce,
trade, and travel. 'Though believing only one railroad
necessary, and that the construction of one will he a
task requiring quite all the aid the government will be
willing to extend, and anxious that that one rood should |
Ire a fair representative and agent of the government, aud
he, in its location and construction, satisfactory to the great
intiss of the people, 1 am still, in view of the jvecullar nature
of the question, willing to give to those who niuv
undertake the work a liberal discretion as to its location.
Certainly no one will contend that it should lie forced
where Nature did not intend it to he. It should Ik: on
the best location ; and, for one, 1 am willing to leave the
decision of that question to the results of" scientific investigation,
and to those business considerations which may
properly influence such an issue. 'Those who are to construct,
own, und manage tho road will lie most interested
in the locution ; they will look for the cheapest and best;
1 as Mr. Benton said, "'They will look before they leap,
aud if they do not they will not leap long." It is title I
I [liefer it contful rotite, and I hope one somewhat central
; may prove acceptable ; but I go for a road, however far
north or south, lather than none. But I attach serious
j importance only to the location of the main trunk, which
is to extend across the mountain range. As for connections
with the main trunk on the eastern as well as on
the western side of the mountains, L can see no occasion
1 for jealousy or conflict among the friends of the measure j
I IIS to tlleSC.
i The eastern terminus will be accessible by railroad
: communication to all tiro Atlantic cities, and if found
anywhere on the Missouri river, a trove St. I-siuis, tiro
difference in distance between it and those great cities
would not l?e material, if lived at tire mouth of Kansas
river, it would he about four teen hundred and fifty miles
from Boston ; twelve hundred and fifty inileH from New
York ; eleven hundred and fifty miles from Philadelphia;
ten hundred and fifty miles front Charleston, and nine
bundled miles from Near Orleans. Besides, the country
on the eastern slope, for several hundred miles, is susceptible
of high cultivation, and blest with a genial climate,
lieing capable of sustaining a large population engaged
in agriculture, mining, mnnufitcturiug, and the other arts
of ]>ence. This region, like tiro Atlantic States, will, in
due time, and with wonderful rapidity, Is; checkered
; over iu all its parts with railroads, extending north, south,
and east, and leading to ail the principal points on the
Atlantic side of the Union, serving as feeders to the main j
trunk, and receiving in turn much of their jsitronage ,
from its ample stores. You might name a terminus I
anywhere?New York, Philadelphia, St. Louis, or at
the mouth of the Kansas river?but such terminus, in j
point of practical operation, would be but nominal.
The road would he tapped at every point west where j
the business of the country might rcquiro it, and llio i
practical terminus would lie at the eastern side of the !
mountain range. The South Pacific, the Jefferson, the j
Hannibal and St. Joseph, the St. Joseph and Atchison, !
tire several roads across the State of Iowa, and that up
the Platte liver, and that from Atchison, in Kansas, to
Kort Kearney, nre each intended to reach the Pacific road,
and will do so at some time, no matter where It may be
located. The main trunk through the mountain region
is tho desideratum. This should be properly located, rei
gardless of every other consideration ; and, in deciding
' this question, due reference should be luwl to the cost of
tho work, the heights of tho grades, and the character I
of the curvatures; us well, also, as to tho nature of the [
j climate and the depths of the snows.
The road should not only be an efficient one when i
j built, but, if possible, it should bo so every week and
j day in the, year. 'This could not be the case were it lo
I cited in a region whore the snow falls to great depths ;
i for there is no more fatal impediment to railroad travel,
! and no greater liururd to the travelling public 011 rail
| roads, than snow drifts in a severe climate. However
' fiercely the iron horse may snort and smoke and thunder
ahlng on a clear track, lie U readily turned in a snow
: drift. I have seen him so completely subdued by this
clement in a few hours that he could go neither buck nor
| forward. The llussians have attempted to avoid this difficulty
by placing their roads on embankments ; but this
S could not be done on an. undulating surface where cuts
! and tills must follow each other in such rapid succession ;
for the cuts necessarily lill up.
1 Rut let tnc digress from the main subject for a few mo- [
! incuts to- notice the progress of railroads and their inliu- \
cnce upon the growth of the United Htates. Thirty years j
i ago railroads were unknown in this country. Now about j
' thirty thousand miles are in operation, extending from 1
! State to State, and from city to city, on the Atlantic side j
of the continent ; and.it is now proposed to construct
i two thousand miles more to connect all these with the
I 1'achie. Of their huppyeffect upon the tradeand commerce,
I us also upon the physical Improvement and material
j wealth of the nation, 1 need not speak ; this is apparent
to all. But Uieir inllueuco upou the |silitieal growth and
i strength of the Union, though less obvious to the oare,
less mind, lias been still more wonderful, and, if possible,
1 more beneficent. When that Uniou was composed of
thirteen States, the means of intercourse and eommunica
i tion b -tween them were tedious, inefficient, and uncertain;
and, so far at all these were concerned, the confederacy
was already a very large one ; the States seemed widely
g< |mrated, and their jx-ople strangers to each other. Kvon
ordinary mail communication was a tedious process. For
instance, the news of the battle of Hunker Hill was not
known to the Continental Congress, at Philadelphia, for a
week after it occur rod ; when the Declaration of Independence
was cnni inted, many weeks elapsed before the event
was known in ill parts of the infant republic ; and, as
late as 1811, the Capitol at Washington hail long been
in ashes before the startling news was known in all the
States. Then our Union, measuring its proportions hv
the time necessary to communicate with its different
' parts, 8cemo<l extended anil unwieldy. Then it reiiuircd
many days to communicate lietwocn even our principal
Atlantic cities ; and week* to send the oMots of the
! government. to its military forces on the frontier, and
month* to move an army from the Interior or went to the
i He* hoard
It waa not, therefore, singular that about that time
wise and prudent statesmen should have eutcitaincd apprehensions
of the danger of extending our possessions,
and of increasing the number of States. But we have,
nevertheless, gone on extending our limits and no<|iiiriiig
new territory, until our western boundary is mai kod by the
j u ufcrs of the Pacific. Stale after State has t?een weloora:
od into the Union, until they now imnilier thirty-two ;
and yet, for all the purposes of commerce and trade, for
the arts of |icnce and the ends of war, for polithal and
social intercourse, oiur country sreros rather to have contracted
than expanded. Whatever now luippttM to one
of the Slates is known with wonderful promptitude to
all the others, save only the one on the Pacific ; r, much
Mon.
11
- - y
TWO CENTS. 2
i (i
no tii.it (If States now find tlieinmdve* In "Lilly mill hnui \ L
tf intoraoune with catfh other, and with the government I o
tit this place. Why, sir, the clfrurn-dnnee that I address | u
faitf to-di?y vyill be known to mil/lott.x of the people to- : 0
morrow, and in all the States save one ; ami in fort i el| Id u
hours after, the toeomiotif6 win have distributed the do- '
tails of tliia day'* proceedings io Stf ciftlnl extent Were u
any one of the States assailed to-day by it f>>r<-in i r the a
fact would lie known to alt the nlheiw, save one, to moi p
row, and the whole military power of this Atlantic con j '
federucy, if ! may so term it, could he thrown to lie i,
(Kiial of attack in a few days; and thus the wonderful . o
(ipci taclo is witnessed, that, for all the purposes of gov- J ti
ernnient, the confederacy <>t thirty-two States is mon ti
compact and conveniently managed than wa> that, of the n
original thirteen. Hirilroods at in teh i ; ?tii< wires have ii
worked ?his phenomenon tn our Country's progress. ll |?
waa these great ngoni ice, kepim pace with the growth jo
of the country, that have stunningly counteracted, and d
far more than counteracted, its physical expansion ; I e
and, by the annihilation of space, to have drawn : it
its several jNirts into a ntote close afliance and in- H
tereourse, na tlioy have, also, at the saint time, j 1
and, perhaps, forever, put to vest all ftppn 1?*n*it?ns . p
of danger to the republic by the extension ol its limits.
And now. sir, permit me to u.-k whether there is oil" man li
in tliis body, or one in the nation, who is not willing, If , u
not anxious, that lliese giv.it agencies shall continue to j u
move onward fitifi jfirni with tie' future growth of the I
country and jierfortu tltelt munificent function*? Having ! tl
thus already lirouglit tin: States east of the Itocky nioiiti- I ti
tains within a family circle, they are extending then i -strong
arms towards the "Far West," fn otder, if potui j I
ble, to bring the I'.iciiic States and Territories Within the \ t
same aceessihle and intimate relation. Wiio is not dp* . h
ions that the States of Oalifornia an.l Oregon, the Territo- t
lies of Washington and New Mexico, shall lie iucluded in |i
this familiar circle ' As to Utah, until she behaves bet- s
ter, she inui't not expect to ho welcomed into civilised so- t
ciety, while I doubt not life rt'itd would became an eili- o
cient agent of lier reformation. Hut thk'ti things can only n
be attained by carrying this agency over th* mountain R
harrier found between us nud tlieui. t
Tlic belt of barren country between the Mississippi j 1
and the l'acilie has arrested the westward progress of j t
railroads, and the work of overcoming this obstacle is c
evidently toogre.at for individual means. The construe- I
lion of u i ail loud lor more tlian a thousand tulles over a <
somewhat inhospitable region, illy suited ill its natural 11
coudition for agricultural and mechanic arts, however t
rich in mineral resources, is no ordinary enterprise. It a
the government would enjoy it, she must extend to- t
ward it a most liberal support. It is at least evident j |
that if left to mere commercial considerations it is not r
likely to be constructed in time to answer the piecing | t
necessities of the government. Merely for eoiuinmr, il s
might he deferred ; l>ut the wants of the general govern
merit will, 1 doubt not, become imminent. Nor is it presented
us an ordinary railroad enterprise ; the considerations
which surround it and impel us to its construction
ure far higher, and, if possible, nobler, than the
motives ordinarily at the bottom of railroad measures.
To illy ottn rftind It is far more a measure of military (
power and political progress on the Pacific court than of j
material wealth and population to the intermediate
country ; more one of political and social intercourse, of
unity and fraternity between the Atlantic and I'aeiiic
members of the Union, than of trade and commerce,
though essential to the promotion of each and all of ,
these interests. We must have complete command over |
and the power to protect the possessions we now have, if j t
we would hereafter induce neighboring States to accept i I
our free institutions as their form of government. We j >
must have constant and rapid intercourse between the t
Atlantic and Pacific States as a means of cherishing those 1
political, commercial, and social ties which hind civi- 1 f
lizod communities together, begetting union, fraternity, '
power. '
Shall this relation be bronchi about ' Shall this oh '
stucle lie removed, or shall it forever interpose < It is the t
only harrier in the way of uuliuiited railroad communication >
between the Mates that are and are to l>c. thill it forever <
interrupt railroad intercourse, which has already accom- ! 1
plished so much for the contoderacy of States ' There it , 1
lies, sir, in its full length and breadth, across the public
domain, and there it will lie forever, lint it is not an
impassable Iwrrior, and it must lie overcome. The gov- :
eminent bus a deep stake in the enterprise ; and why '
should it not lend its countenance, its property, and its \ <
credit P 1 agree that the conatructiou of railroads is not *
one of Ure objects of government ; and were the purposes '
of the one in view i nly e. iiuuercial, auri was it to extend , 1
over a region of country siiHceptiblc of liigli cultivation f
in its full extent, I should he reluctant to connect the | f
government with it iu any way ; but it is far otherwise ; <
a great barrier is found in the way of political, social, : '
and commercial reciprocity, mid military aid ami defence f
between widely-separated memhers of the Union, each ! *
having equal claims upon the favor and guardianship of >
the government at Washington. Individual capital is I
not equal to the herculean task ; the inducements arc 1
insufficient, and the strong arm of the government must. 1
bo extended to the work. '
Nor will it do to regard this work as an ordinary rail- 1
road .scheme. The obstacle to which 1 liave rcfuried is '
one of its distinguishing characteristics. However rich '
that region may be in minerals, (and J doubt not ii con- j '
tains valuable treasure, and perhaps a large portion of its !
soil may be susceptible o! cultivation by irrigation, as ,
claimed by the senator from California,) it is not the
character of oonntry that presents inducements to funnel's
the pionceiH of a new country. They will always
seek that region best suited by nature for their pursuits ; I
where the least measure of labor will produce the largest,
amount of subsistence. Over such a country the agriculturist
and mechanic will spread, and be immediately j
followed by the manufacturer, the capitalist, and then by
railroads. lJut uot so as to the region in view ; as to it
the usual process of settlement must be inverted ; the
railroad must be the pioneer, and draw alter it population,
capital, and the industrial pursuits.
1 think tlio government, should aid this work as n
means of political power and military defence : and the ,
people of the United States should build it as a means of (
contending for the greatest commercial prize that has
liecn staked in modern times, and as the most directive
agency of developing the material wealth of their vast 1
domain. The general subject, therefore, is one of mo ,
incntoug importance, ami should command the attention ;
of the wisest, men of the land. It is not a question to |
be lightly treated ; for its consequences are pregnant with
great results to the nation. We should look at tho sub
ject calmly, and determine what is l>est for the future of
our glorious Union. The statesmen of the revolutionary
times and of the earlier days of the republic do not seem
to have been fatalists in their opinions. They did not I
trust, great objects, touching tin- growth of our country, |
1 to the ooursc of " manifest destinv, ' nor to the policy
i of " masterly inactivity." They rolled upon action
I well-considered and well-directed action. The iodependI
once of the republic was not the result of fate ; nor was
] the formation of our republican government, with its
I numerous independent sovereignties perfectly equal in
! their rights acting through and sustaining a common
government the work of chance ; nor was the purchase
of Louisiana and Florida the result of accident. Ka< h i
and all of these acts were the fruits of a wise and saga
' cious policy, and we should prolit by their example. i
Ixit me allude to the importance of (Ins work iti a military
point of view. No statesman, it seems to me, ran
contemplate the inevitable condition of California in case
of a war with a strong naval power without painful soli!
citildc. The first sixty days of u war with such a power
would, in all probability, we her out off fiom all intercourse
with the Atlantic States, and would see us without
the means of sending an army to her relief through
! our own possessions. She would he lift to struggle, and
perhaps to fall, alone. At pr< 1 nt it would require four
or five months to send an army to her rescue overland ;
and If the demand should he m i le ill the inclement
season of the year relief could not lie extended at all.
Can the government look upon a picture of this kind
with indifferenceT Khali we see a-far-off, though wealthy
and cherished Commonwealth, thus hazarded ? May
Congress Is1 thus careless of the obligations which rest
upon them to provide the means to "repel Invasion
Is not such an object worthy of the best, efforts of the !
government f And does it not warrant the exercise of a j
high degree of power on the part of Congress to provide i
means of ready defence for such valuable possi .ions '
For myself, sir, I can see hut little difference between
such a work anil the construction of forts to defend Hi commercial
citlos of our seaboard. Were California n
sailed by a foreign foe to-day, would it not he the bounden :
duty of the government to go to her aid with all possible
despatch and " repel the invasion t" And. in doing so, I
' who will pretend that the means of the tren-urv tu n not
ftofu e (o stib*< rlbero; ^
. itiljr lu - I
> r ? ii sjoay* hti 4><cna(tl>t.m ?r hi? rrlrntir* <if llr |in<xt
? i oil ?nl'*> *> bt' > !> * i* to utifrirlbei* i
I
i' iu< u i. < by upil will ira *l ui? ri*lt ut ili? j. mil ntl i
fib jmiiiii tier of lb* i'nivi. i
iutk>- or lu'vkftthkfl. i
*4?*r* 1 day. . w m i 1 fqu?r?? nn.iillij * 09' i
i" 1 w<ak 1 rk|l ib* * iu*i*ili 12(0
? <H? i I .in tl Hi<Jilltir |K , ,
1 !;, Jii; *.' L?U ( 1 d? 1 >tmt A; 30 fl
MM HSU < ? Mjuajf: lou|j?r ntlvertbtfroiHJts >i? ? .?*< j
ropMi uon. ami all payaM# ji? HdvamT. Adv?rtm-m<utji ortlerad in
aire or ltanr* .i *f?k will Im* chared 37 % ?: *?? * |*r tMjuaat- lor ? *? !?
?-frtk>n afWr lh? lirwt. Advertuvmvnfs Wh-e a weak la the daily, AO
wi* per w|unrv for each iuaortioa. rtpeci*) uotlcaa charfvd Utmbia
u loi ? K"imK \
m legitimately expended to construct loads and bridgevor
which to (-UV tlic in my f !Such use of the publ!
uoney lius constantly bean made. Wius it iiot projier to
oust met a road for llio aruiy froiu Vent Crua to the city
f Mexico ' Was it not pro[?r to construct a road to
'tali ; an I would it not be allowable, wore we engaged
l war, to Miasm I the money ot tin- government to alinoel
uy extent to secure a rapid transit of the army from Oti
oint to auotlici ' if these tilings may be done, why
Ir-ri uniy we not, in time of |aMice, prepare to meet ex
(eneius that must inevitably arise in time of war ' It
uuld us well be objected to llie coustruetion of forts in
line of |ieuco us to tlie work in view. Uentlemen may
link lightly of this view of the subject; for they may U>
ttady to conclude that we tire to have no war; and I trust,
t Clod's name, their iuiprussious may prove csorreot ; for
hi is always .1 cnlauiily, hut it is not so great a
il.unity to u nation us submission to insult and degra
ution ; nor need wo disguise tlie tact that our gov11111
tent is at present, to a greater or less extent, involved
1 imbroglios with i'sigbuid, Nicaragua, Mexico, anil
pain, from which such 11 misfortune might readily arise
am not specially a war man, nor do i believe the pen
le of the United .States desire such 1 struggle with any
titer power . but it cann.it lie disguised that their paenoe
Ifist been seriously tested witldu the last twelve
lontlis by imiigfrittar offered to our Hug by thu British,
ndar various, and, to my mind, only specious pretences,
never desired an A nun 11.in sea-captain to violate law, or
lie instruction* of the government; but 1 must confess ,
hat, liiul one of our men-of-war sunken the btyx or Bus j.
ird, or any other offending vessel of the British navy,
should have been slow to break tlie commission ot
lie captain. There is at leant enough in these thinga
suggest the jsissibilily of war ; uml 1 tell gentlemen
hut when war dor- come with nny respectable foreign
cover, the first uud inost universal exclamation iiuiongst
tatesmeu and militafy men will he, "What u inlsforune
it is tliut we liuve not u railroad to the Varith !
oust!" And it would bo singular, sir, if the lust six
aontlis of such a war did nut cost us, for the want of
m il an avenue, the price of its construction. Who will
nlk about estimating our lights uud possessions on the j
'actflc edaat by dolKirs uud cents f Who can look through ;
lie dim \of the futuie. uiid measure the iiinountot is
oinineice that in t" l>e drawn to our country frog) out
msgossioii.-. oil tlmt Hcabiwlrd Who will lix a price upon
California a .State which, lor the rapidity of it* growth,
.I'd the facility with which wealth and power haw lied j|
iroughl Into existence, and all the ends of civilisation
ecooi pi hired, h tlr no parallel In the history of tills coun
ry, or any other 1 No longer ago than 181 ti It was com
laratively unknown, with an Anglo-Saxon population
iot exceeding ten or twenty thousand : now its popula
ion in flvo hundred thousand. Since the time that Mo
en passed through the wilderness, there has never boen a
use of discovering, occupying, und improving ft country
vitli such rapidity. 4
1 suppose, sir, it w ill hardly he pretended that iu ease
if war an early, if not the first, assault of the eiicnn *
rould not ho upon our possessions on the Pacific cos si,
iVill any man say that we are in a condition to defend
lienr ' I think not, unless the attack is by a l'eeblc mini
power. Then, sir, witlr what propriety can we talk
ilrook the acquisition of additional jiossessiiins.' Talk
ih nit u war for Cuba, und about a protectorate over neighlorlng
States, while we must confess that we have not the
ncuns of promptly and thoroughly protecting the posses i
ions wc now have ! I,ct us establish tiiis great protci
orate for ourselves, und we shall then be in better condiion
to influence the destiny of others. How many sciih
sini are there opposed to the 1'noille railroad who would
efuse to vote two or three hundred million dollars for
he purchase of t'uba ? i presume not one ; few of them
vould vote more than myself. And will they not grant t
k portion of the public lauds, (which, without the rail
oad, will remain valueless, l and the credit of the govTiiineiit,
to a moderate extent, as a means of securing ,
0 us California and Oregon und Washington, and seen
ing the lncaiis of civilizing I'tnh ! Tiie truth is, the
".tlmated cost of this avenue to (he Pacific is a bagatelle
. oinparcd with the value of the considerations involved ;
ind all that is irfojHised by the pending bill is little more '
ban has heen done for rail loads in all the new State*. i
IVhy, sir, my only, fear is, (hat the uid pro|>osed is quite
nsufficient to accomplish the object.
I do not care to elaborate this idea of military defence ; !
nit, sir, lei ine ask you what would liuvc been the fate :
il tic Knglisli and French at Schaslopol, had the Bus 1
inns possessed a thorough railroad communication from ;
It. IVtersbuigll to that point, by means of which tlniy ;
ronld have thrown their immense army, with the neces \
utry provisions, into the struggle in a few days' time ? i
htpposo .Mexico had had cllicicnt railroad iutorcomiuuninlion
from the halls of the Muntezuuriu to Vera Cruz :
io\v could General N .lit have effected a landing ? Or,
uipposc tin~ railroad facilities hud extended to the Hi??
imndo : what ..'d Imw been the fate of Gon. Taylor
it I'alo Alto and 1U s.u a do In Talma? And, air, what
loner strong enough to meet us on the Tocilie coast, it'
ivc had such a means of transmitting men and munitions
)f war ; or what power so weak that it might not, for a j"
iinc, annoy and degrade us, without it ? Hut, air, I find
his point most happily and clearly discussed by the Into
k'crctaiy of War, now the senator from Mississippi, and
[ shall ask the indulgence of the f^nato whilst I read it
ew extracts from that admirable paper.
We omit these extracts, us also those from the Inuugti
al of Mr. Buchanan, and the speeches of Mr. Benton.
00900000
The value of the proposed work as a means of inorcasng
our commerce it is difficult to estimate. With that
ivork completed, the direct route from Kurope to China
ind Japan would be through the United States; and
whilst ordinary merchandise would uot bear transportation
through such an avenue, it could not fail to become is
i thoroughfare of travel between these distant points.
Nor will any one doubt that it would be the means of seruring
for our country a very large commerce with the |
xmntries of eastern Asia. They would boeomc, to a
great extent, consumers of our products, ami we, in turn,
would take their silks, teas, and other commodities. The
experience of the world shows that personal intercourse
amongst men always liegcts trade and commerce ; and
with so large a portion of the eastern and western hemis
pheres interested in an avenue of intercommunication, it
could not fail to attract millions on millions of wealth. j
which cannot now ire counted or discovered. iBut,
sir, look at tic internal business that must neccs
sarily grow up : the reciprocal trade and commerce between
the Atlantic and the l'acltic States. I know and S.
agree that this would not be the route for heavy tonnage {'
er ordinary merchandise ; hut it would l>e a route for all
the travel, for tho precious metals, for the liner fabTics,
and for the mails; and, from the Hast as well as the
West, It would convey into the intermediate country all
the goods of every diameter which could he consumed,
and, in turn, convey the products of that vast region to
an eastern or a western markut, as the cum! might lie.
it rcqmrcM Jiniiuttt iwi niun ui niuiiunaiiuii hi umw jjk lure
of wlmt tlio Country between tlio Mississippi and tint
Vivific may become. Much of the surface, it i? true, is
ragged and apparently unless ; but I doubt not it will,
in the end, lie found to abound with inexhaustible niin
crul wealth. Think of an area of twelve hundred mil Hon
acres, with a very large proportion of tine arable
land, and then undertake to calculate the millions on
millions of population which it is capable of sustaining,
and estimate the commerce which must necessarily follow
! Hut, ?o far as the trade of Asia, of China and
Japan is concerned, or, indeed, the eominerec o: our own ^
western coast is involved, we arc not to gain all these
i .. ..I l? rr .1.. n. [), ;* ,1. C..,
niHiu.ii.iiriiun#n. .1 ........ ....
this prize, wo must adopt the necessary moans V.itnio
has designed it for tlie United States, and it will bo a
reproach to her statesmen if she should not eil|ov it The
construction of a railroad to the l'acitio is the most effect
ual menus to that end we can adopt. Nor should we 1m>
slow to move iu the matter. Our rival is vigilant, pow !
erful, and determined. It now seems to be conceded
that a railroad cau be constructed through the Hiili*li
possessions by way of the valley of the Red Rtv r of the
North to Krai-r river ; and this I;vet is pcrhap; sntlieieiit U
to settle the ijuestion that it will bedono. Great Britain t
will not bo likely to neglect a mensure so full of premie" \
for her commerce, and ?o boiieftcinl to her cilnual de
pendencies She will certainly grasp the prize unless
do. In alluding to the vast commerce at stake, the senator
from California haa fitly Rahl that "either Uuglsnd
or the United St ites must in the end contr ol the net |
commerce. It must centre iu london, Calcutta, and
Botidiay. or tn America " As the contest now stand"
England has ttio advantage, liecnnse of her powerful
nave and great shipping ability. But how will the e.c
be should she construct a road of the character in view,
and the (H ..pie of the Unitod Htatn. neglect to make one
within our limits ' Then, what wonld become not only