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A CpMuty of ithe ^Jkiron ffasi 99 ■if A X 1!* Â hi A 1 ... v " •À y •V T i '4' / î 4 * J ■ v 51 ^ ip** & -% pp « • : ' V; AAlf ;i." » I* t ill, k il-Mr V' -' $ L > -• '■0. 21 ■ ß. f rS X ■ 5 \ isriüii "Vi 4 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON PPOS1TB the Travel and Transport building at A Century of Progress In Chicago is presented every day a pageant called "The Wings of a Century," There, across the stage of a Greek theater, with the blue waters of lÆke Michigan as a back ground, parades the colorful story of the romance of transportation In America during the Inst 200 years, Indians afoot, on horseback, In - blrcbbark canoe and on dragging travels lead the way. Close behind them presses' the on coming white man—In creaking, lumbering two wheeled carts, in Concord stage coaches, in chaises, In Conestoga wagons, in steamboats and canalboats, in fast packet boats and swift Yan kee clipper ships. Now the covered wagons are "rolling out to Oregon" and the pony express rider dashes up and as quickly speeds away. The pages of history turn rapidly and the horse-drawn wagons and carriages are succeeded by a new marvel, the "horseless carriage," or automobile. And almost before man has mas tered this new form of quick travel across the land, the Wrights leap up from the sand dunes of Kitty Hawk, In North Carolina, and the dream of Icarus Is a reality. Man is now traveling through the air. In the midst of all this splendid pageantry of the conquest of water, land and air there Is one chapter which stirs your Imagination as perhaps no other one does. That Is the "Parade of the Iron Horse." You view appreciatively the his torically authentic costumes of more than a hundred actors In the pageant. You are amused and delighted by the pantomime of some of these actors as they reproduce the thoughts and feel ings and actions of past generations of Amer icans. And at times you are deeply stirred as you say to yourself, "1 am seeing history In the making." But when those locomotives, -from Peter Coo per's little "Tom Thumb" on down to one of the modern Titans, come rolling across the stage with ringing hells, pulling smokestacks and screaming whistles, then—ah, then ! it's hard for you to stifle that little-boy urge to stand up and yelll For In these black monsters you see the Inventive genius of America; you see the symbol of the final conquest of the wilderness; you see the Instrument which first bound to gether the broad expanse of these United States of America: you see a whole century of the development of the machine age. The first "iron horse," paradoxically enough, was more horse than Iron. The first railroad built In America for carrying passengers and freight was the Baltimore & Ohio. Chartered In 1827, It began laying the.rails for Its 13 miles of road from Baltimore to Ellicott's Mills on July 4, 1828, with Charles Carroll of Carroll ton, the only living signer of the Declaration of Independence, lifting the first shovelful of dirt. (Incidentally, this historic scene Is graphic ally reproduced In the Baltimore & Ohio's ex hibit In the Travel and Transport building.) The road was opened in May, 1830. In the meantime the promoters had been experiment ing with various sorts of cars. One was a horse drawn passenger car. (Such as Is shown In illus tration No. 1 above.) Another was a flat car fitted with a treadmill operated by a horse but upon its trial trip It came to grief—a cow on the track upset It! Another experiment, which was also unsuccessful, was made with a sail boat on wheels, called the "Meteor." Then the Inventive genius of Peter Cooper came Into the picture. He built a tiny locomotive with a boiler about the size of the one which «lands behind your kitchen stove and with flues made of gun barrels. To this he gave the ap propriate name of "Tom Thumb" and made some trial runs on the partly-finished railroad in 1830. From this experience he reconstructed his lo comotive and on August 28, 1830, the "Tom Thumb" pushed, Instead of pulled, a car with 24 passengers over the entire 13 miles of the road, attaining a speed of four miles an hour. A few days later occurred the famous race between the "Tom Thumb" and a horse-drawn car over the double track between Baltimore & Ellicott's Mills. At the start the gray horse leaped Into the lead and held It for awhile. Then the pulling "Tom Thumb" began to catch up— It drew abreast the straining animal—then passed It. But just ns shouts of triumph went up from Cooper's passengers a hell slipped on the mechanism of "Torn Thumb"! So the gray horse won the race to Baltimore. But despite this victory the officials of the new railroad had enough confidence In the fu ture of steam locomotives to offer a prize of |4,000 for the best engine which should ne de livered to the road for trial before June 1, 1831. This prize was won by Phlneas Davis of York, Pa., a watchmaker! He called his locomotive the "York" but the pioneer railroad men took o ▼ f t m ■ K v >i mm r!T!T / ( > Vi 'i * &r a * ?» y w* "t I i? b-si Jr. : I 4 n m ' i n •srj - ■ fiSi I -y "V ; - & m tern <■ , , M aCk 3 1 mm nr fZi ; Hi •Ài <D '•' i4 ^8Sr5s. 1. The •'Pioneer," a hor«e-drawn passenger car built by the Baltimore A Ohio in 1829. 2. The "Tom Thumb," built by Peter Cooper for the Baltimore A Ohio and given a trial run in 1830. The smiling passenger on this replica is none other than Amelia Earhart, the famous aviatrix. 3. The "De Witt Clinton," which was run over the Mohawk A Hudson railroad (now the New York Central) from Albany to Schenectady, N. Y., In 1831. 4. The "General," built for the Western A Atlantic railroad In 1855 and made famous by the "Andrews Raiders" during the Civil war. 5. Reproduction of the scene at Promontory Point In Utah May 10, 1869, when the tracks of the Union Pacific, building west, were joined with the tracks of the Central Pacific, building east, thus completing the first all-rail link be tween the Atlantic and Pacific. At the left is the Central Pacific's locomotive, the "C. P. Hunting ton," and at the right the Union Pacific's No. 9. 6. The last word In modern locomotives—the Northern Pacific's giant No. 5008. , Beside It stands the little "Minnetonka," the Northern Pa cific's first locomotive, built in 1869. ■<» <?>■ one look at the queer machine with Its drivers moving up and down In the air like the legs of a grasshopper and promptly christened it the "Grasshopper." But the "York" proved its worth and as late as 1883 three of these early "Grass hopper" type of engines were still In service on the Baltimore & Ohio. This same year, 1831, also saw the beginning of another great railroad system, the New York Central, only In those days It was called the Mohawk & Hudson and It had some 17 miles of 1 track between Schenectady and Albany, N. Y. On August 9, 1931, New Yorkers gathered from far and near to see the first public trial of a locomotive to which had been given the name of "De Witt Clinton," In honor of the builder of "Clinton's Big Ditch," the Erie canal, and which drew a string of curious-looking pas senger ears resembling stage coaches. The "De Witt Clinton" was a wood-burner and the passengers were so showered with sparks from the engine that some of them had holés burned In their clothing, while bthers put up um brellas to ward off the fiery shower. When they weren't busy doing this they were trying to keep from being thrown off the seats In the coaches ns the train started, taking up the slack In the three-foot chains which coupled the cars together, or stopped, crashing the cars together. Finally the passengers had to cut fence rails and wedge them between the cars to reduce the haz ards of this journey. From 1831 the evolution of the "Iron horse" was a swift one and that evolution Is easy to visualize as one wktehes those other early loco motives follow the "Tom Thumb" and the "De Witt Clinton" across the stage at "The Wings of a Century." Here comes the "Thomas Jeffer son," named In honor of that great Virginian, drawing the stagecoach type of cars on the Win chester & Potomac railroad In 1838. Here come« the "Pioneer," built by Seth Wllmarth In 1851, for the Cumberland Valley railroad (now a part of tiie Pennsylvania system) and the "Thatcher Perkins," which Mr. Perkins built for the Bal timore & Ohio In 1863 and which drew one of the finest trains of Its time. Across the stage, too, puffs the "G. P. Hunt ington," built in 1863 for the Central Pacific railroad and destined to have à part on May 10, 186!», in that historic "gold spike" ceremony at Promontory Point, Utah, where was gathered "the most notable group of railroad builders In the world; for there were Stanford, Huntington, Hopkins, Crocker and the chief engineer of the Central Pacific, and there were Durant, Sqymour, Duff. Dillon and the chief engineer of the Union Pacific; and, in an ever-widening circle, were all others that had made the transcontinental possible; soldiers from Fort Douglass, Mormon bishops and elders from Salt I^ike, Chinese from San Francisco, Irish from Boston, Mexicans from the Rio Grande, negroes from Dixie, Indians from the deserts and mountains and the omni present Jewish traders from many lands." Rounding out the parade of the "Iron horse" are such locomotives as the famous "999" "Empire State Express" of the New York Cen tral which brought many visitors to Chicago for the World's Columbian exposition In 1893 and which In May of that year set a new world'« speed record of 112% miles an hour, and the lit tle "1401" of the Illinois Central which hauled thousands and thousands of visitors In suburban trains to Jackson park, there to see the marvels of the world's fair of T3. Then as a finale come the giants of today— the Northern Pacific's No. 5008, the largest lo comotive In operation In the United States to day ; the Now York Central's No. 5207, the Hud son type passenger locomotive; the Chicago & Northwestern's freight and passenger No, 30u8; the Chesapeake & Ohio's Pacific type passenger engine; the Baltimore & Ohio's articulated heavy freight engine No. 7450; the Illinois Central's mountain type passenger engine No. 2412; the Pennsylvania's freight and passenger No. 8707 and the Rock Island's passenger No. 5000. They seem to be the Inst word In locomotive construction. But already those who guide the "Iron horse" across the land are looking Into or the future and already they are planning a new type—a stream-lined train of stainless steel, made of three cars hinged together with not a break In the contour from rounded prow to rounded stern, driven by a large 12-cyllnder en gine that burns a non-explosive fuel and is capa ble of making two miles a minute! From the Ut ile "Tom Thumb" and its speed of four mile« an hour to this ... and all In the course of a century ! (© by WHtim Nowrpaper üçlon.) ust 1 s e SHE COULDN'T FIND IT Fondly little Ruth's father and mother were watching their daughter rock back and forth ecstatically In the little black chair they had just brought home to her. Proudly the father said: "We got a bargain In that little chair, all right I'' Whereupon Ruth proceeded to get oqt of the chajr,^Jk>ok at It closely, and then to lift s woe-begone face and say: "Where Is It, daddy? I can't And any bargain In my chair!"—Indian apolis News. What's the Difference "I hear Dick Is In the hospital." "Yes. Caught In the rain and tried to economize by not taking a taxi. Now he's got pneumonia." "And Tom's In the hospital, too." "Yes. He took a taxi."—Pearson's Weekly. Expretiive Two caddies were discussing, In the way caddies do, the players whose clubs they were carrying. "What's your man like?" asked one. "Left-handed," was the laconic re ply, "and keeps his change In his right-hand pocket" Too Much Democracy Friend—Don't you worry—tomor row, when you give your speech you will have all Intelligent men on your aide. Candidate for Parliament—That Is what Is worrying me, I would rath ■ er have the majority.— Lustige Blat ter (Berlin). Too Much Holdup—Tour money or your life! Hubby—My money, my dear sir, Is In my wife's name and my wife Is my life, so that. If you took her, you might get both and— - Holdup Man—-Good evening!— Brooklyn Eagle. Cat* "Your fiance »Poke to me last Eight." "I know. He Is doing advertise ment pictures for beauty prepara tions and wanted a model for 'Be fore using."'—Die Woche 1m Blld (Otteo). MEANING—7 L •s c&Jbs " 1 ^\M ! "What do you consider the fore most cause of divorce?" "Wives." Yeaterday's Tonight Little Sears had been away on a vacation. "Hello, Sears; when did you re turn?" called a friendly neighbor. answered the child. "Tonight !' Then he added thoughtfully, "I mean Indianapolis yesterday's tonight' News. Enough's Enough Mrs. Blinks (house hunting)—I hope there are no screeching parrots In this neighborhood. Agent—Not one, I assure you. "I am glad of that, because we have two, and I really couldn't stand any more.''—Stray Stories. pj % m % <> ■A o R \ C IgpFTM «TIP ^ WITH THI NATION N-178 HAKE EXTKA MONEY BAIStNO POME KANIAN TOY IKKiH. Illustrated booklet, 10 cent«, tells how. Klvea proof. 8IRON8 KENNELS, Boston Place, Toledo, Ohio. PARKER'S HAIR BALSAM lama Dandraff-Stop* Hair Vallin« Imparti Color and B oa nt y to Gray and Fadad Hail Ke and U.W at DroasteU. Him»» Cham, wk»., Patchoro« /1 If f NT \ ' FLORtSTON SHAMPOO — Ideal for ma in connactioo with Parkar'tHalrBalaam.Halfaatho hair soft and fluffy. IO canta by mail or at dru« giata. Hiaoox Cbanioal Work*, Patcbogua. NX 33-33 WNU—X NO DISAGREEMENT •Tor whom »re you going ta vote?" For the same man as my bo» band. "Good. Whom Is your husband Totlnglûtî" _ "The man I tell him to."—Gutier rez (Madrid). Louite'» Letton Little Louise had been In the be ginners' class at Sunday school for some time. Her mother wished to know what she was learning so she said to her one day: "Louise, what did the teacher tell you today?" "She told md to sit down and be still for once," was the reply. Th« Difference A sixth grade*class was studying about Benjamin Franklin, and th» question was asked: "What Is the difference between electricity and lightning?" A thoughtful youngster volun teered : "Well, I think the difference la that you don't have to pay for light ning." LIVING PROOF ISSl •• 4 Vk u ti Mrs. Blowitt—1 see by this article that wearing hats makes one's hair gray. Mr. Blowitt—Well, the expensive ones that you've been wearing have made my hair gray. Little England Englishman—England is the only place to see football. Have you seen any football there? American—England ! You mean that little place In the North sea? I went there once but was afraid of going out for fear I'd fall Into the sea,—Vart Hem (Stockholm). Comedy Calculation "You drop an occasional remark of considerable saplency," said the close friend, "I try to," answered Senator Sor ghum. "Life has become so serious that comedy Is regarded as excus able only In one who Is able to sell 1L' Shorter Rout« Mr. Tlt ewad—If you married me for my money, why do you want a divorce? His Wife—Because I have decid ed that that Is the easier way to get what I married you for.—Evening Bulletin (Phlla.). Dependahl« "You ought to get acquainted with the Browns. I'm sure you'd like them." "Why so?" "They're the kind of people you tell to drop In any time and feel sure that they won't." can Home Life "You attend many bridge games and lectures?" "I enjoy them," admitted Miss Cay enne. "Don't you think a woman's place Is In the home?" "Yes, but not necessarily her own ■Washington Star. home.' Her Wish Child—Mother, dear, why has the canary quit singing? Motheiv-Becanse It Is molting, dear. Child—I wish Aunt Martha would molt—Border Cities Star. Wall Traveled Suburban Mistress—Do you know this part of the world *t all, cook? New Cook—Lor' bless you, ma'am« I've been up and down this railway j line so much they thinks I've got a / season ticket!—London Humorist f Il IS the dollen that circulate among ourselves, in our own community, that in the end build our schools and churches, pave our streets, lay our sidewalks, increase our farm values, attract more people to this section. Buying our merchan dise in our local stores means keeping our dollan at home to work For us all *