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''•aim Marti s Beacon PUBLISHED EVEBY THUBSDAY By T. P. Yates tutd ¥ V. King. A D jflar a Year in Advance. Term* tor Tmicnt AdvertMng. One square, one insertion $1 (111 Each subsequent insertion 50 Eight lines or law constitute a square A liberal deduction made fair year ly advertisements. Correspondence -LUMBER Flooring I Flooring I Flooring 1 • ■ Special inducements in Flooring at this time. We secured several hundred thousand feet of 1 Flooring at a greatly reduced price. Ail well made all one width. Some No. 2 North Caroli na Pine at $15.00 per 1000 square feet, or $1.50 • per 100 feet. It Is easily equal to what others ask $16.50 and $17.50 for. Doors sll Doors sll Doors $1 each. These are made in Wisconsin of II inch White Pine, and ready painted. Best Lumber! Beet Mill Work of all Kinds. Mail us your lists. Best bids. Prompt replies. We load to boats and cars free, and when you ask it, we |iav the freights. Come and speud the day with us at our expense the day we ship your orders. Weil satisfy you perfectly. We are the oldest reliable firm in the District of Columbia. Established 1836. FRANZ LIBBY A CO. 6th S. A V. T. Am. Washington. B. 0. FARMERS' AND PUNTER’S AGENCY, 27 Kaat Pratt Ntrcct, Baltimore. Fur the sale of Tobacco, Grain, Fruit and all kinds of country produce. PHILIP H. TUCK, President; Judge JOHN P. BRISCOE, Vioe-Presi dent; SAMUEL K. GEORGE, Treasurer; SAMUEL M. HINKS, Cashier. Di rectors s Hon. John P. Briscoe, John W. Crawford James Alfred Ifearce, Edwin 11. Brown, John Shepherd, Samuel M. Rinks, Samuel K. George, Adrian Pisey, Phil. H. Tuck. PERUVIAN GUANO, Clover and Timothy Seed and all Uouseliold and Farm supplies Furnished. Advances made on consignments. ED ELEN BROS., COMMISSION MERCHANTS, FOR THE SALE OF TOBACCO , GH 4IS AND PRODVC*. * Mpeolal attention Riven to The Inspection of fobaooo. 125 8. SOUTH CHABUES STREET, BATXXOBI. MB ALSO DEALERS IN Edelen Brae., Special Tobacco Guano, Edolen Bros. Wheat and Grain Mix ture, Pure Ground Bone, Pure Dissolved S. C. Bone. s#* Our ‘Special Tobacco Guano' and Wheat and Grain Mixture WK have hap manukactdricd. SPECIAL ORDERS SOLICITED. J. F. SHAW and JNO. M. TALBERT, ( JOHN M. PAGE, ( Salesmen. | * Cashier. S The Maryland Commission Agency, OF BALTIMORE CITY. Director*: For the Solo of J. T. Hutchins, President, TobUCCO , Grain mid Wool. Josici'ii S. Wilson, Secty. John H. Mitukll, and P. IL Darn all. John B. Gray, a°i*r.p D ™v' Form Produce Generally Dr. Gboruk W. Doksby. South East Corner Pratt and Chariot Streets. Mr. John M. Talbert will give his personal attention to the inspec tion of all Tobacco consigned to us. H. G. Dudley . J. J Frank Ford. DUDLEY & CARPENTER, General Commission Merchants, ISS Light Street , BALTIMORE. Sell Tobacco, Grain and Country Produce . tST" Particular attention given to the careful sampling of Tobacco. Jos, A. Dawkins - W Bernard Duke . 2AWOHB A BUM, OmalMlei lenkuti, FOR THE SALE OF Tobacco. Grain and Country Produce. No. 219 SOUTH CHARLES STREET, BALTIMORE. . H. MOORE. t WHO HOOD. W. H. MOORE A GO.. * Grocers in Commission Merchants, IBS & Charles Street, BALTIMORE. Sir Particular attention given to the inspection and sale of Tobacco, the sale of Grain and all kinds of Country ProdUc*. W ■ ■■■■■■■■ , - " VOL. 63. LEONARDTOWN, MD., THURSDAY, JUNE 5. 1902. 4 f Wf P m f . t flllD 1 * "•* r ' ***■■■ f • "" .. *.i • Volcanic Disasters. How the Lisbon Earthquake of 1755 Raxed Portugal’s Capital In Ruins. A Wave like the Even Swell of the Atlantic Crossed the City. Destruction of Krakatoa Was like That of Marti nique. St. JjutM Republic. As the days pass and the reports still come in that the volcanoes of the islands of Martinique and St. Vincent continue to belch lava, fire' and steam, it becomes apparent that the first rough estimates of the loss of life are the opposite of exaggerat ed, and that this Caribbean Sea dis aster will be recorded as among the most terrible in the history of the civilized world. From all that can be gathered, the destruction of St. Pierre was like the blotting out of Pompeii and Her culaneum. The latter catastrophe, however, dates buck to the very be ginning of the Christian era. The merest impression of the outburst of Vesuvius, as the most awful dis aster of the kind known to history, exists in the minds of the citizens of today. Bulwer Lytton’s imagined description based on the report by Pliny, the Younger, in “The Lost Days of Pompeii,” is the only lengthy account which many persons have read. Later excavations have drawn attention to the horrify ingevent, but more recent and equally terrific erup tionsand upheavals, if not so death dealing, are probably the most vivid at this time, because magazine and newspaper, in addition to history, have storied them. The |iartly submerged eruption of Krakatoa volcano in the Indian Ocean only nineteen years ago. as the re suit of which more than 36,000 per sons perished, is the most generally known of all the volcanic disturban ces. The Lisbon disaster of 1755, as an earthquake, causing a loss of life va riously estimated from 25,(KM) to 76,- 000, is more familiar since it comes within modern times and involved a European capital, The obliteration of St. Pierre is a parallel for the entombment of Pom peii, because the population in each case were either buried under mol ten lava, were suffocated by sulphu rous gases or died of the intense heat. Great tidal waves, resulting from submarine explosions of im measurable power, or from the splash occasioned by entire sections of the island, being hurled into the ocean, brought about the enormous list of fatalities at Krakatoa. The papula tion of Lisbon were crushed beneath (heir homes, their cathedrals, pala ces and churches, as well as drowned by tidal waves, and burned in the fire which followed the downfall of the city. LUbun Wu* a Flourishing City in the Eighteenth Century. In the latter half of the Eighteenth Century Lisbon was a nourishing city, rich in architecture, rich in worldly goods, and the capital of a growing power ; for Portugal had reaped profits from the discovery of the new world, and the wealth which it contained. The nation was still aggressive and expanding. Then? was little or no warning of the devastation to come. On the evening of October 21,1755, the earth trembled slightly and there were beard rumblings, which seemed to originate' down in the bowels of the earth. Such slight subterranean disturbances were not unknown at Lisbon. Occasionally serious con sequences had followed, but nothing to afford the faintest suggestion of the great earth waves which were to tumble the city down, so that “not one stone should stand upon anoth er.” The morning of November 1 dawn ed clear and bright. It was All Saints' Day, a Roman Catholic festi val. The churches and the magnifi cent Lisbon Cathedral were crowded with worshippers. The streets were crowded with pedestrians, and eve rybody was looking forward to a day of enjoyment. It was about 9:45 a. m. There came a sudden sound as of innuraer ble thunder crashes. It came from below, and the sky was still uncloud ed. A wave like the even swell of the Atlantic, with incredible rapid ity and with a vertical displacement of eight feet, was crossing the dry land: The force, probably the re sult of tremendous compression of gases, necessary thus to shift the ground is inconceivable. Fntph in Templet Sate Ft Hurt Stake Like Reed*. The people iu the temples, looking up, saw graft! pillar* shake like reeds, saw arches corpse, beard breaking windows, saw vails totter and roofs parted Tbeyrushed pan ic-strickeu toward the eatraaoes, only to meet another frviiiio mob seeking sanctuary in ||e places of worship. Lisbon wps enveloped In dust, caused by the fallen debris of the first shock, but thei|camasec ond, more severe than the first; and a .third, not so tremendous, but enough to level any stancher struc ture which had wUfaafcmAhe first two. Portugal *s capital was In rfiins and a large proportion gfjt* popu lace were buried. Tt waShttustra tlve of Byron's line: “A thousand years scarce serve to build a city; an hour may suffice to lay in the dust. Those who were in their homes suffered the fate of those in the churches. Those in the streets were luckiest, and those who chanced to be in carriages were luckiest of all. But the disaster was not complete. Many who had survived the Call of the buildings rushed toward the sea for safety, and out upon a new mar ble quay, which had just been com pleted at a large cost. Following the earthquake came a tidal wave 5 feet in height. It fell upon the low-lying section of the town, submerged the quay and the wharves, and in subsiding carried out to the ocean thousands of the city’s one time inhabitants. Strang est feature of the whole occurrence was that, when the waters had re treated, there was left no trace of the quay. The earth had literally swallowed it up and the water had closed over it and the human freight which it had borne. Fire was next to be contended with. Flames broke forth from the ruins simultaneously in a thousand places. They swept over the entire central section of the city, complet ing tie* destruction of the best build ings. Joseph I was then the Kiug and was an efficient ruler. It hap- IHmed, that, when the earthquake occurred, he was at a suburban res idence, and escaped uninjured. He inaugurated movements to rescue bis people, to prevent a famine and pes tilence, and to encourage rebuilding. He succeeded and in ten years Lis bon was once more one of the most beautiful cities iu Southern Europe. Former Earthquake Deterihetl hy an Eye Wit next. One of the most vivid descriptions of Lisbon during the earthquake was published in Black wood’s Magazine. It was in the form of a letter from a man named Chase, who was in Lis bon at the time, who was injured, and narrowly escaped death. The following portrays the first shock : “I was alone in bed-chamber, four stories from the ground opening a bureau, when ashakingortrembling of the earth (which I knew immedi ately to be an earthquake), gentle at first, but gradually becoming vio lent, alarmed me. Turning round to look at the window the glass seemed falling out. Calling to mind the miserable fate of Callao in the West Indies, I dreaded a like catas trophe; and remembering that our house was so old and weak, that any heavy passing carriage made it shake throughout. I ran directly into the Arada. to see if the neighboring houses were agitated with the same violence. This place was a single room at the top of the bouse, with windows all around the roof, and supported by tall pillars. It was only one story higher than toy cham ber, but commanded a prospect of some part of the river, and of all the lower part of the city, from the King's Palace up to the Castle. I was no sooner up the stair than the most horrid the imagina tion could picture appeared before my eyes. The house began to heave to that degree, that, to prevent be ing thrown, 1 was obliged to put my arm out of the window and sup port myself by the wall. Every stone in the wall, separating and grinding against each other, caused the most fearful jumbling of noises ears ever beard. The adjoining wail of a room next to wherfe I was, fell first, then followed all tbe upper part of the bouse, and of every other so far as I could see toward tbe Castle, when turning my eyes quick to tbe front of the room (for I thought tbe whole city was sinking into the earth), 1 saw the tops of two or more pillars meet, and saw no more.” Tbe writer of the above awakened in the basement of the house in which he had lived. Cut in a score of places, with an arm broken and shoulder dislocated, he managed to find an exit. Then he graphically feßs of the burning of the city and and the rush of the people to the surrounding country. Eruption on Island of Krakatoa m 1883. The eruption on the Island of Kra katoa in 1888 was fully observed at the time by the students of volcanic action, and the phenosaena attending It carefully noted. The island for two centuries had been uninhabited. It waaabouttvs miles long and three wide. There were two volcanic peaks, or cones, of-which the highest rone up to 2,750 feet. Surrounding the Island were other and smaller cones, protruding above the surface of the ocean. fla ports unite in the opinion that none of the cones were craters, but that all were lava spurs upon the edge of one vastcraler, the greater part fo which was submerged. In 1680, 200 years before the re cent outbreak, tbo island was fertile and inhabited. At that time came a terrific eruption, which changed (he appearance of ail ground above wa ter and annihilated the natives. When this was ended, the volcano rested and was thought to be extinct. In the month of May, 1883, came the first warnings that Krakatoa was to once again open up with subter ranean and submarine artillery. The spurs above the water, in she, were as nothing to the hundreds of other towering mountains of the Indian Ocean, but the crater yielded to none in the respect to its hidden power. In May were heard explos ions, causing noises which were heard in Batavia, eighty miles away. These continued with unabated vig or for eight or nine weeks. Masses of pumice stone and ashes were vom ited into the air, which were carried by the wind as far as the Island of Timor, 1,200 miles away. In August came the culmination. It is supposed that the continued minor dxplosious had opened a wide vent in the crater and that the waters bad rushed in only to be converted Into steam, which* ex panding, demanded an exit. Kra katoa was in paroxysms, and now its voice was heard 3.000 miles away in Australia and 3,267 miles away, at the Cbagos Islands. The nights were pitch dark, save for the elec tric flames at the volcano's mouth, which shed a lurid, fitful terrifying light. Fall of Lava And Athet Continued Three Day*. About noon of August 26 came Krakatoa s last mighty effort, and the detonations, the discharges of molten stone, steam and ashes con tinued for three days. The explos ions augmented in intensity, and by 10 o'clock on the night of the 26th the entire Strait of Sunda, between the islands of Sumatra and Java, In the center of which lay the mighty crater, was rendered inky dark by the ascending masses of smoke. The sounds were deafening in Java as far as Batavia, and over a large por tion of Sumatra. In the morning the explosions ceased for a short period. The in habitants of neighboring towns in Java, Buitenzorg, Serang, Anjer and Merak, sought to get a little sleep. But at 7 o’clock came a crash so formidable that all were startled from their beda. Normally it should now be daylight, but tne sun's rays could not pierce the dense overhanging canopy. Lamps were used in the houses. There was no interruption of the seismic artillery during that day, norduringtbooextday. Krakatoa's bottled up energy seemed inexhaus tible. The terror of the simple-mind ed natives of Java and Sumatra was indescribable. They cowered in theft- huts or sought the fastnesses of the jungle, praying hysterically to their multifarious gods. The reports of sea captains who ventured near the Strait of Sunda and escaped to tell the tala—few did —are graphic in the extreme. Cap tain Watson of the English ship Charles Ba! was ten miles south of the volcano on the 36th. He describ ed the island as shrouded in a dense, black cloud, which slowly spread out uutil it obscured the blue vault of the heavens. Aside from the thunderous explosions, be speaks of crackling noises, which are ascribed to the contact of great racks ascend ing and descending in the atmos phere. He tells of a rain of pumice in large pieces, quite warm, which fell a fool deep upon the ship. He remained near the scene until 5 o’clock in the afternoon, when be dared to do so no longer. Another captain describes the electrical display which accompanied the eruption. On the afternoon of 1291 tbe fifth, from a distance of forty milea, ha speaks of great vapor clouds baing lighted up by bursts of forked lightning, which seemed like “large fiery serpents, rushing through the air.” After dark, he reports that the great uproariog. overarching mantle appeared like a blood red curtain, with edges of all shades of yellow, the whole of s murky tinge, through which gleamed fierce flashes of lightning. Students of such eruptions—cable grams from Martinique to J of alml pheiic electricity Invariably ac companies volcanic disturbances on large scale. Steam jets rushing through the orifices of the earth’s surface constitute an enormous hy dro-electrical engine. Ejected ma terials striking against each other produce the friction necessary to strike “sparks”—sparks as large in proportion as a cliff of 100 cubic feet is to the flint-pebble from which a lad strikes fire with his pen-knife. Thinking and Drinking. The following sensible remarks are from a source where such mat ter would scarcely be looked tor in the editorial columns of the San Francisco Examiner: “We wish to answer seriously a seemingly flippant inquiry, omit ting, of course, the signature of tbe writer: 'To tbe Editor of the Examiner: Will you tell me bow I manage to Blink my most beautiful thinks in drink? D. B. i “We answer your question with great pleasure. “Some men really do their best work under tbe influence of drink, for this reason: Drinking has a wak- i ened their nerves and put their con- i stitutions and vitality permanently below par. i “They do their best work when they drink, just as a poor, thin, abused, tired cart and horse does his best work when he is lashed with a whip. This does not speak well for the whip, does it? It does not prove that tbe lashing of tbe horse is a noble process, or tbe whip an admirable instrument It simply proves that if you abuse an unfortunate creature and render him unfit for work, you must abuse him still more to get a little work out of him. “You think your most beautiful thoughts in drink for various rea sons. In the first place, when you drink you are quite rosily pleased, and you are pleased most easily with yourself. “If you are sober, your thoughts would not seem so beautiful to you. Often what you think, in drink, you would be very sorry to hear repeat ed in your dull, sober hours. “In the second place, feeling is essential to any strung thinking. It is essential to tbe expression of any strong emotion. “Tbe man who drinks hard, or even comes to rely to any extent upon drink, has dead nerves and a dead imagination when his drink time is over. “Drink seta the heart to beating, it seta the blood to pumping through tbe brain, it stimulates the myste rious combustion of matter which results la thought, and motion be comes stronger in proportion to tbe strength that accompanies this com bustion. “Tbe coward wants to fight when be is drunk. He has some feeling. Tbe dull mind gets imaginative. It has some feeling. “This does not glorify the cow ard or make the dull mind better. It usually makes both ridiculous and pathetic, in addition to being cowardly and dull. Stop drinking for six mouths, sleep two hours more per day than you sleep at present, take in more fresh air, think steadily and soberly instead of talking boisterously, as you probably do bow. We venture to predict that you will soon find springing up in your head some very acceptable ‘thinks' with which drink will have nothing to do.” lew ft Avoid Trouble. Now la the time to provide your self and family withe bottle of Cham berlain’s Colic, Cholera and Diar rhoea Remedy. It la almost certain to be needed before the summer is over, and If procured now may save you a trip to town in the night or in your busiest season. Ilia every where admitted to be the mast suc cessful medicine in use for bowel complaints, both for children and adults. No family can afford to be without it. For sate by Green well A Drury, Leonard to wo Saint Marys Beacon SOb Printing, such fta HnAHIt, Circulars, Blanks, Bill Hoads, executed with •eakaess and despatch. Phaving Boa! or Personal Property lor sale can obtain dea criptive baud bills neartly executed sod aft city prices. 1 Cten. Lee*lOMCeok. 6ac. R K. Lee's old colored man, who imS only cooked for hbi while tbs Second regiment. United Slates regulars, <* which be was Heutea aot-oolooel, was stationed at Fbrt Phantom, but also daring the entire Clral War, made bis appearance In lbs crowd at the recent reunion at Dallas. Some of the reterana rec ognised the old man and he almost Instantly became the center of at traction. He commenced talking about Gen. Lee, but from his posi tion on tbs ground vary tew could hear him. Five thousand cries went up from the mouths of the vet erans tor the old men to get on a box and make them a speech. He started to mount the box and fifty veterans assisted him. His hair was snow white. He looked over the mass at people before him and his eyes filled with tears. He com menced talking, his voice trembled with emotion. Ten or twenty thou sand eyes were fixed on bis old black face. He said: "Comrades—This is something I never expected to see. I am the proudest man on the earth today. It minds me of de limes when I wur wld my ole boss er fightin' Pope, Hooker, Burnsides and Grant in ole Virginia. I wer wid him durin' de whole four years* war; an’ loved him as I never loved any other mor tal being. I remained wid him af ter de surrender, but when he died thirty odd years ago, I thought I’d come out to Texas, whar we wur in de army and young men together, and here I ‘ve been. But 1 king to go home, and when I heard of this meetin’, I said I was gwine to tend it ef God spared my life, and when It was over, I'd go back home and ask ’em when I died to put me as close to my old boss as day could. You nee dis hair is now most white as snow, and this ole body is bowed wld years, an’ I won’t be here much longer, but will go on to jine me ole bon in de other world." When the old veteran darky ut tered this last word thousands and thousands of eyes were- (Iliad with tears sad thousands of voices pro nounced blessings and benediction on the (fid black veteran's bead, lie was then caught in a shower of sil ver coin—nickles, dimes, quarters, halvas and dollars ware Imfßfrd to him until the Grown of his hat was nearly filled. His gratitude over came him; bs uttered not a word, but in tears of silence descended from the box, edged through the crowd, made bis way to town and that evening look the Texas Pacific for bis home in the old State.— /tel lss Xrtci. A Flfxtiting Irishman. Commissioner-General W. D. Scott, who represents Canada at the Colo nial Exhibition at the London Royal Exchange, was tor some time con nected with the Canadian Pacific Railway and can tell many a good story of railroad life in the Domin ion. One especially he narrates with great relish. There was once a district superintendent, an Irish man, “who was never at peace un less he was fighting." So fond was he of s "scrap" that he never lost an opportunity of putting his band* sp to fight anyone be thought was his match. One day he stumbled Into the caboose of s telegraph oper ator sod began to censure the man for some fault or another. The oper ator eyed him coolly tor a moment and then said: "If you were not superioteodant of this section I’d knock your head off." "Supposio," replied the Irishman, "we forget that I am district superioteodant for IS minutes?" "Agreed," said the other, and in a moment they were making the fur fly. In the course of the scuffle the operator got in a knock-out blow which sent his opponent reeling across the cab in. The Irisman’s heel slipped on tbe sheet of zinc on which stood the stove' with tbe result that, in fall ing, be came down heavily on his head and was rendered unconscious. Horrified st this contretemps, be did all he could to bring him round, snd ultimately succeeded. He then waited notice of tbe "sack," but, true sportsman that be was, tbe superistendsnt bore no after-grudge snd the matter was allowed to drop, both men. as often happens, in later years becoming tbe best of friends. —M. A. P. •F For biliousness use Cham berlain’s Stomach A Liver Tablets. They cleanse the stomach and regu late the liver and bowels, effecting s quick nod permanent cure. For sale by Green well A Drury, Leon ardtown.