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— 'ttatertrani Bmocrrf btabliahed 1M1 PubUahad Every Evening Except Sunday* and Holiday* by THE WATERBURY DEMOCRAT. INO. Democrat Building. Water bury. Conn. Bubacrlption Rate* Payable in Advance One Year . $10.00 Six month* — $5 20 Three Month* . ..$ 2.60 One Month. Me Member of Audit Bureau of Circulation. The Democrat will not return manuscript sent In for publication unless accompanied by postage. No attention paid anonymous communication*. Dial 4-2121 All Department* Dial 4-2121 All Department* FRIDAY, MARCH 16, 1945 A Thought for Today Because that he had been often bound with fetters and chains, and the chains had been plucked asunder by him. and the fetters broken in. pieces: neither could any man tame him.— Mark 5:4. Be ready, gods, with all your thunderbolts; Dash him to pieces!—Shakespeare (Julius Caesar). Gardening Begins Now This business of supplying the family household with fresh vegetables from the back-yard garden isn’t one that can wait until the weather is suitable to go out in your, shirt-sleeves. Gardening is almost a year-round chore. There may be a few months during the winter when the man who counts on producing a sup ply of provisions for his home can sit back and take it easy, but those few months have a habit of sneaking by very quickly. And during that free time there should be a lot of planning. Good gardens don’t just happen. They are the result of well-though out plans, attention to sail preparation and con tent, use of good seeds, careful working of the plot during the growing season. If your home garden wasn’t a success last year, maybe it was because you over looked the fact that hard work goes be fore every vegetable produced, whether, it be in the planting, the cultivation or the weeding. Prof. A. E. Wilkinson of the University of Connecticut has already Issued good instructions on how to im prove your crops. Bernard McDonald of our own school department can advise you equally well. There are many ways and means of getting more out of your small plot of garden-land. But there are a few essen tial ideas that must be followed. The most important one, and we have tried to emphasize that, is work. You can’t put too much time into your garden. That doesn’t mean you have to spend all day in it, although a day in a garden is certainly never time lost. Some time regularly apportioned to the garden each day will be sufficient unto the needs of most vic tory plots. Give some thought to the kinds of vegetables you want and the amount of seed to be purchased. Don’t be over ambitious. On the other hand keep your garden space going all the time by suc cession and companion crops. A garden »n be a thing of joy and utility, but it’s iweat and toil that produce the results. Who Are Prima Donnas Some congressmen and writers have been complaining again, since President Roosevelt’s report to Congress on the Crimean Conference, that Mr. Roosevelt does not tell enough news. They seem put out that Mr. Churchill seemed to get all the news beats while the President contents himself with recapitulation and comment. We haven’t yet figured out just what the journalistic action of a chief of state should be. The question never came up until the Big Three’s arrival on the world scene—or rather two-thirds of the Big Three, since Mr. Stalin doesn’t feel com pelled to report personally to his people. So there is no precedent to guide us. Offhand we should say tnat the good solution might be to leave reportorial functions to the press. The summaries of the Big Two, Three or Four meetings might just as well include all the news instead of saving out some added items for Mr. Churchill to surprise us with aft erwards. Then the statement could fill in with background, feature material, And editorial comment. Yet, since Mr. Churchill has consist ently been reporter, as well as commen tator, it may be that some source of agreement on the division of honors has been reached. Perhaps Mr. Roosevelt has taken the assignment of keeping up Interest in future developments, of drop ping a hint or cryptic remark that gives a hint to future policies, while Mr. Churchill contents himself with a fill-in on what has already taken place. This conjecture is suggested by Mr. Roose velt’s interpolated remark about ‘prima donnas” in his report to Congress. After announcing the agreement on Yugoslavia, he said: ‘But it is not only that but in some other places we have to remember there are a great many pri ma donnas in the world, all who wish to be heard. Before anything will be done, we may have a little delay while we listen to more prima donnas.” What does the ‘that” refer to? Who are the “prima donnas,” since the name obvious ly isn’t meant as a compliment? Does it refer to persons out of favor with any or all of the Big Three? Is the rather temperamental General De Gaulle a prima donna, or King Peter of Yugosla via, or Premier Arciszewski of the Polish cabinet in London? There is much bait for speculation in the two sentences about the prima don nas. There is also a probable source of future news in them, too—maybe another scoop for Mr. Churchill. Don't Cut Corners It shouldn't be necessary to tell our legislators not to cut any corners in pro viding funds for state institutions. Take the University of Connecticut as a typical example of an institution that has grown by leaps and bounds from a small agri cultural college to a university whose curriculum is broad and varied, whose standing is of the highest, whose reputa tion has brought great credit on the en tire state. President Albert N. Jorgen sen has asked the Legislature to stick to the school budget requested by him and the university directors. He points out that these are trying days for all schools. It is difficult to keep faculty strength up to the necessary limit; key-men are lost and can’t be replaced. If the University of Connecticut is to compete with other colleges and uni versities, both within and without the state, then it must continue to offer the courses that others advertise. It must have the teaching staffs to bring to the studens the education they demand to day. In short what the university offers, it in turn must pay for, and to cause the efficiency to be lowered by cutting down its budget would be a very foolish step. In this vein we can’t help commenting on a similar lack of foresight on the part of our officials. Warden Ralph H. Walker of the Connecticut State Prison claims that the recent outbreak there resulting in the killing of a guard is due to the short age of prison manpower. He told a leg islative committee the incident might not have occurred if “there were enough guards at the institution.” This is an old story in Connecticut. We’ve heard it for years, even before the war made the manpower situation a universal one. Connecticut has got to change its stand on institutional help so that after the war everyone of them may be sufficiently and properly manned. All such incidents as the above are simply one more criticism of an attempt to run a business on a piece of a shoe string. You seldom succeed in having more than a shoe-string business. The Hartford Courant is methodical in reporting the doings of the Senate and House of the Connecticut Legislature. It usually prefaces such reports with the following: Senate—The Senate was called to order at 12:51 p. m., one hour and 36 minutes late. . . . House—Speaker E. Lea March, Jr., called the House to order at 11:41 a. m., 11 minutes late. That was just one day. You can pick up this same report day after day and the routine is the same. The Senate and the House convene at almost any time except that at v/hich they are scheduled to meet. The last person, we believe, to endeavor to change all this was ex-mayor Frank Hayes. When he was lieutenant governor he said the Senate would con vene at 11 a. m., if that was the hour to meet, no matter how many Senators were in the chamber. And he banged his gavel after that exactly at the appointed time. Legislative bodies are prone to excuse their tardiness in such matters, but they should be quick to criticize small detail that denotes personal care lessness. Watertown’s reference to the qualify of Waterbury’s water supply naturally didn’t set well with most officials of this city, but a great many consumers prob ably will agree. They are those who can’t stomach the frequent application of chlorine and other purifying agents to the water supply. However, actual tests have shown that Waterbury’s water sup ply is extremely potable and ranks with the best in the state. Whether or not it’s good enough for Watertown is a mat ter for that community to decide. The point is that if Watertown wants to buy from us, we have a plentiful supply going right through the town limits. Waterbury will make its first real bow to the Legislature next week when a series of city measures come up for hear ings. Waterbury Day at Hartford has always been quite an occasion. Whether next week will bring out the crowds de pends. Probably more will wait for the pension hearings in April. Bond bills usually attract the finance officers not the general public or employe groups. But they are important and should get as serious consideration from everyone. r---1 Selected Poem IRISH SONG (Clare MacDermott in the Poet's Corner, Hartford Times) Oh, no more you'll tread the bogeen Or your light foot touch the heather, But I think about you, Maureen, And the dreams you brought to me, When the cool breeze whispers softly And the grey hawk drops a feather, While the purple mist rolls inland From a wide, slate-colored sea. Oh, to higher ways and fairer Than green lanes where floats the starling, Has your shining spirit Journeyed Far away from earthly ill. And my seeking arms are empty, For I loved you, Maureen Darling, And the meadow paths are silent Which your bright song used to fill. Sure! my heart is black with sorrow! For the banshee gave me warning—■ Where the sunlight shifts to shadow And the gleaming bluebell quakes, I shall never see you sitting With your potheen in the morning— Oh, Wirra! Wirra! Wirra! But the heart within me breaks. Daily Almanac Moon sets 10:15 p. m. (war time) Sun rises 7:02 a. m.; sets 7:00 p. m. (war time) All vehicles must be lighted thirty minutes after sunset. These are the days when the outdoors man comes into his own. There are all sorts of signs of awakening life. The variety of bird-life is greater; there are indications of stirring within the earth as here and there a sprout pushes through. • NATIONAL SPOTLIGHT Byrne* Wants To Go Home By PETER EDSON Waterbury Democrat-NEA Wash ington Correspondent Washington. March 18 — A hun dred protests on the closing of race tracks and the midnight curfew on night clubs came Into the office of War Mobiliza tion Director James P. Byrnes for every protest that had been re ceived previously on vastly more important stabil ization orders. This was a curi ous manifesta tion of the Amer ican public's ap parent unwilling ness to sacrifice its luxuries, yet it was only an insignificant part of the big pattern of civilian curbs which Byrnes has issued since last December. Look at the list: 1. Requests Selective Service to draft older men to replace skilled workers furloughed from Army for essential war production. 2. Named Civilian Advisory Board to OWMR, as required by law. It was headed by ex-Governor O. Max Gardner of North Carolina, but its members, were the usual list of business, labor and farm group leaders named to all Washington advisory boards. Theoretically the board meets every two weeks. It has been considered somewhat of a dead letter, but it did approve the orders closing the race tracks and other civilian curbs. 3. Directed the War Production Board to issue sanctions 'such as shutting off raw materials) to em ployers who did not comply with War Manpower Commission em ployment ceilings. 4. Cut back the Maritime Com mission shipbuilding program. 5. In his report to Congress, recommended legislation giving Manpower Commission and War Labor Board authority to enforce decisions. 6. Asked Selective Service to re view the cases of 364,000 deferred farm workers and to draft as many as possible in the 18-25 age group 7. Order curtailment of travel and banned conventions. Of 1331 applications to hold conventions in last two months, only 53 have been granted. Three were for labor con ferences, five were scientific, the others religious. 8. Stopped resort trains, order ed curtailment of consumption of electricity on outdoor advertising and lighting in the interests of sav ing coal. TO RESIGN AFTER WAR Taken together these orders con stitute a pretty tough hack at an already drastically cut-back civilian ecenomy. That Byrnes could do these things without fear of conse quences, say his associates, is due to the fact that he is no longer po litically ambitious. He has already organized the small staff, now working on mobilization, to plan for reconversion and carry it out after the defeat of Germany, at which time Byrnes insists he will resign and leave Washington. Having initiated this program. Byrnes on January 15 left Washing ton for Yalta with the President. When the full story of the Yalta conference can be told, the part played by Justice Byrnes will be re vealed as far from Insignificant. Some critics wondered why the President chose Byrnes. He and Secretary of State Stettinius were the two U. S. civilians who sat with Roosevelt at the big round confer ence table. Byrnes admittedly is no expert on foreign relations. He was there for three other reasons. First because he was the one official most familiar with U. S. economy and its capacity in shipping, production, food and raw materials. Second be cause he has the political savvy to know what will be acceptable to the American people. Third because he has the skill acquired in Congress to bring opposing points of view in to agreement at a conference table. Byrnes was the first official to re turn from the Yalta conference and it was he who gave Washington its first interpretation of the Yalta agreement, rationalizing the neces sity for the compromises reached on the Polish question, reparations, Dumbarton Oaks voting procedure. Byrnes emphasized how Stalin had given in on some points to effect compromises. BYRNES NO DICTATOR— A POLITICIAN Because of the drastic nature of some of the recent Byrnes orders on the home front, there has been a tendency to label him a dictator. He is anything but a dictator. Prim arily he is a politician and as such he recognizes the necessity for sac rificing here to gain something there. He has sacrificed his own ambitions, plenty, in the interests of party harmony. Right now his primary objective is to get the war over with, to get the boys back home, to quit Wash ington and go home himself. To accomplish these things, I>e thinks it necessary to compromise with civilian life-as-usual, to make certain sacrifices. That is the reason given for his closing race tracks and telling night clubs when to shut up shop. STRENGTH FOR THE DAY By EARL L. DOUGLASS. D.D. WHAT IS TRUE RELIGION? Someone has said that religion is the act of being and doing good. To become adfcpt in living means to become honest, just, sincere, self sacrificing, forebearing, and pure in thought and de-'1. W» ’ - - ' -e lessons of lift | not in some for-1 mal school bu out in the world We learn our les sons not out of £ book of maxims but by the ex perimental method in the grin labor atory of daily trials. The Bibli is Important, bu it only tells u how to conduct the It is a book of instructions. After we have read the instructions, we have to face the experiment and handle “C’mon Adolf, Led’s Be Zenzible, Votta Yuh Say?” _sR Washington Merry-Go-Round drew pearson Drew Pearson Says: British Use U. S. Flag to Foment Sicilian Unrest; Versatile Sol Bloom Once Sold Violets in Frisco; Lack of Underground Hampers Allies in Germany. WASHINGTON, March 16. — Word has leaded from Italy that the British are adopting strange tactics in fomenting the separationist movement in Sicily. x nu uuiiuicu luuuoauu aiuui can Piag posters have appeared in the cafes of Sicily advocating the independence of that strategic island from Italy. But the funny part of it Is that the printing of these American flags has oeen traced to Algiers and the people who paid for them are the Bri tish. Accompanying these U. S. Flags are placards reading: “Sicily, the 49th State." In other words, it looks as if the British, knowing the num ber of I talo-Americans who come from Sicily, arc cleverly taking advantage of American sentiment to propose Sicily as the 49th state of the United States. The importance of Sicily to the British is that it lies astride the sea-lane through the Mediter ranean to Suez. The British al ready have secretly been given the Italian Island of Pantelleria and Lampedusa by the Italian Armistice, and it lias been known for some time that they were secretly financing the separation ist movement in Sicily. SOL BLOOM SOLD VIOLETS Congressman Sol Bloom, author of many song hits, first man to bring Salome Dancing from Egypt, and now the chairman of the House Foreign Relations Committee, celebated his 75th birthday refcently with a party in the House Restaurant and even bigger parties at the Washington Children’s Hospital and the St. Ann’s Orphan Asylum, to which Sol had sent large checks. At the Capitol party, Violet Gib son, Associated Press copy girl, asked Bloom what his favorite flower was. “Violets,” replied Sol. “That’s my name,’’ said Miss Gibson. Bloom then explained that violets were his favorite flower because half a century ago he sold violets in front of the fountain at the corner of Market and Kear ney streets in San Francisco. "And when I go back to San Francisco as a delegate to the United Nations Conference,” the Congresman declared, "I’m go ing to take a few minutes off to sneak down to that fountain and sell a few violets.’’ NEW GERMAN UNDERGROUND One thing long handicapping the Allies in Germany has been the lack of underground opposi tion to Hitler. Ever since 1933, various anti-Nazi groups have been trying to spawn an effective underground in Germanny but with little success. When Hitler first came to power there were about seven million German Communists, but many of these were snuffed out in the initial blood purges. Other non-Communist anti Nazis, composing the most lib eral elements in Germany, also fled as the Hitler-Himmler terror was extended to every part of the Reich. However, the underground blossomed and expanded in 1934 and 1935 until Himmler found out about it and sent his own agents into the organ ization, capturing the member ship lists and ruthlessly shoot ing down Its members. In 1936, another attempt was made to form a new underground. it as the Book has instructed us. So many people either consciously or unconslously maintain that re ligion consists exclusively of believ ing something. Affirm the right creed, attend church regularly, pay you dues, and all will be well. But all will not be well as the result of such procedure. The question at Issue is what kind of life we are living as the result of these spirit ual exercises. If they are not .mak ing us stronger, then we are run ning In vain. Religion is the art of being and of doing good. To this great end, all conviction about creeds all fidelity to the church, all self-sacrifice, and charitable gen erosity must contribute. Religious fidelity means fidelity to a life that pleases Ood. All Rights Reserved— Babson Newspaper Syndicate This time units of only five mem bers were set up with each man knowing only one man outside his own cell. However, the Nazis even broke into these groups and smashed the new organization. GUERRILLAS In 1938, several underground operators finally managed to penetrate Hitler's Schutz Staffel, the private Black Shirt Army which guarded the Fuehrer. One ‘ even came to New York on a va cation, met with American com munists secretly, told them how he was a member of Hitler's per sonal bodyguard. However, Sta lin never gave the signal to bump off Hitler and eventually even these new underground members were destroyed, that finalp FOREIGN WORK SLAVES Today, there are very few Ger mans inside the Reich the Allies can count on. Stalin in his talks with American Professor Oscar Lange in Moscow last summer moodily told how the anti-Nazis have been destroyed, complained that it would take at least a generation to rebuild the German working class movement. As a result the chief hope for a major uprising in Germany today is the six million foreign slave workers Hitler kidnapped from the occu pied countries. These workers have been used to build fortifi cations on the Eastern and West ern Front and to work in Ger man factories. After the big Allied bombing of Berlin several thousand of these foreign workers escaped during the confusion, destroyed several w’ar plants and hid in the wreckage of the bombed-out buildings. Other foreign workers escaping during Allied ah- raids have joined with deserters from the German Army and are now arrying on the first guerri'la war fare inside Germany. CAPITOL CHAFF Lili Damita, former wife ol Hollywood lion Erroil Flynn, has been in Palm Beach studying to be a nurses aide. "Now Mrs. Flynn,” says the Palm Beach chief for Nurses Aidies, “you were late yesterday, and you were late the day before and you were late to day. When will you be on time?’’ Mrs. Flynn rolls her big eyes and seems astonished to learn that she was ever late at all .... ! Assistant Secretary of the Navy Board has taken a firm stand against censorship of sailors’ mail when it comes to political opinions. He believes that any Navy man should have the right to express his views politically on any sub ject, just so It doesn’t give away military secrets . . . One of the truly great pictures of jungle-air war is “Objective Burma,” show ing the heroism of U. S. Flyers over Burma. (Copyright, 1945, by The Bell Syndicate, Inc.) Views Of The Press MAKE IT ONE CITY (Bridgeport Post) Wendell Willkie had a phrase for it, ‘ One World.” Why not take a leaf out of Wlllkie’s book and make Bridgeport one city? At present we have a city within a city and a bill has been introduced in the legislature (at the request of the city administration we believe) which would not remedy this situa tion but simply make it more trou blesome than ever. The city within the city is what is known as "First Tax District Only." Now the first tax district is the whole city of Bridgeport but there Is a second tax district with an added tax which is super-imposed on but does not entirely cover, the first district Those who live within the boundaries of the second district pay the full tax while those who live in that portion of the first district which is not overlapped, pay a lower rate. The fact is that years ago it was feasible to divide up the city’s serv ices and charge them according to whether one lives in first district only, or second district. That is no longer feasible and is leading to endless bookkeeping trouble and dis satisfaction on the part of various residents who feel that they are paying taxes for services they are not getting. The simplest way to end the old difficulty as we pointed out before is to make Bridgeport one city with out any overlapping tax districts and to extend all the municipal services to all the citizens of Bridge port. Instead of having a lower tax rate for the outlying sections, prop erty should be assessed in outlying sections at a lower rate than in the center. If it is honestly assessed, values will be lower in any case. That will keep taxes in the outskirts down to a reasonable level but end all the difficulty, confusion and an noyance between second district and, first district only. SINGING WIRES (New York Times) When winter is bout ready to ab dicate to spring, and the pussy wil lows lift their branche , comes the time when the telephone wires along the winding back-counfy roads sing their arias of a new season. Sing ing wires are a part of the music in the air when spring is read- ♦<* cend her throne. There is undoubtedly a learned scientific reason why telephone wires put on their orchestral performance. This is a scientific age and we can not expect even a free symphony to occur without god reason. Per haps the best performances of the year are given in late March. On a rr.clloy day when the south wind is blowing, when the sky is wearing its cape of deepest blue, with a few masses of white cumulus clouds for ruffles, the wires seem to enjoy their steady song. The song of the wires is steady but it is not monotonous. There are over tones of lyrical runs, long sustained nctes in alto and contralto key, deeper intermittent overtones of res onant bass. Occasionally one gets a faint hint of a clean, haunting pure high tenor. There are times when the tempo mounts in crescendo for tissimo; one almost expects the crash of the percussion instruments and the stirring lifting power of the brasses. Then, again, the wires sing softly of day’s loveliness, humming a theme of unexplored possibilities, sustaining the music to accompany the rollicking optimism of robins. There are m:n and women in city offices who will look out their win dows these hope-stirring days and think of country roads far away where the telephone wires run from weathered pole to pole, above the Uchened stone walks or split rail fences. Years ago they listened to the singing wires. Boys and girls coming from schoolhouses with lunch boxes In hand still stop to lis ten. In the song of wires in spring, youth has heard the call to paths of adventure. Your Health By Dr. William Brady Signed letters pertaining to per sonal health and hygiene, net to disease, diagnosis of treatment, will be answered by Dr. Brady If a stamped self-addressed envelope is enclose)'.. Letters should be brief and written in Ink. No reply ean be made to queries not conform ing to Instructions. Address Dr. William Brady, National News paper Service. 320 West Madison Street, Chicago, III. ANY VITAMINS TODAY, FOLK St Today most physicians prescribe vitamins for or administer them to many patients every day. Recently 200 volunteer medicial students and technicians at Duke University were divided into 5 groups, and each group given either shotgun vitamin tablets, or liver extract tablets, or yeast extract tablets or placebo tablets, all of the same size and appearance, to take for a month. The investigators concluded from the experiment that administration of vitamin supple ments to these apparently normal persons, consuming the usual Am erican die (which, I suppose, means food anyway), had no dem onstrable beneficial effect. In the first place, if the volun teers were really in the best possi ble health it would be pretty silly to expect that any vitamin or combination of vitamins could im prove their health, vitality, sense of well being, capacity to work or anything else. In the next place if any of them did have any impairment Of health due to deficiency of one or more vi tamins, it would be pretty silly to expect to remedy the trouble by simply adding a vitamin supple ment to the diet for a month. Thess j Duke University investigators evi dently confuse vitamins with drugs. I’m just plodding old country doctor and probably I don’t know much about the prophylactic or therapeutic use of vitamin concen trates or vitamin supplements, bub somehow I have acquired the no tion that it takes several months of optimal (several times more than just average daily requirements) vi tamin feeding to restore vite in such cases. Vitamins axe foods, and the systemic effects of a year or several years of semistarvation d« not yield to a month of proper nourishment. These selr-appointed debunker* j of the vitamin craze were years be- ! hind the march in finding oub about the newer principles of nu trition, as the “authoritative” ut terance above quoted (from ona of their voluble leaders) so well illustrates. From the r.arve requests I receive in the daily mail I know that the education of the public about vita mins has been taken over by those old masters of public health educa tion, the quacks and nostrum man ufacturers—and one of the other category should include producers of bread, milk, oleomargarine, breakfast cereals and what have you. But, right or wrong, the laity is now too sophisticated to be im pressed by the quaint attitude of the slow-footed medical profession. After all It is absurd for the doc tors, individually or through their organization, to maintain, on the one hand, that one should take vi tamins only when one’s physician has diagnosed a specific lack of the vitamin or vitamins concerned; and and on the other hand, that bread should be doctored with synethtic or concentrated vitamins such as thiamone (Bl), ribofavin (B2 or G). D etc., to insure that every body who eats store bread shall get a kind of shotgun dose of vita min every day regardless. But then, isn’t the stand taken or approved by the national medical organiza tlon usually like that? QUESTIONS and ANSWERS Window Screen Ventilator Kindly advise if commercial cloth screen of small size used for dwellings is sufficient for bedroom window ventilation? Answer—Yes. Even ordinary un bleached muslin screens, full sash size, have served very satisfactorily for ventilating schoolrooms, offices, workrooms, bedrooms, during the jj season when artificial heating is . required. Send stamped envelop* bearing your address, ask for pamphlet on Air Conditioning. Twins Why Is it that some twin girls can become mothers while others cannot? (D. W.) Answer—Being twins has nothing to do with capacity for motherhood. Child Nipped by Dog Daughter nipped In cheek by puppy. School nurse sent her to -hospital. Health department ordered detention of clog, which we J did, and immediate Pasteur treat- | ment. Should the Pasteur treat- ; ment be given? (C. G.) Answer — My advice is that you pay no attention to the health de partment. the school nurse, the neighbors or the cop on traffic post, but do precisely as your own family physician advises. (Copyright 1945, John F. Dille Co.) Current Comment Boy. they parted our hair in the middle! There were four of us in the foxhole and a shell scored a direct hit. But it banged a wooden box just over our heads and for some reason we pulled out all right. —Pfc. William R. Forpanek of Chi cago, on Western Front. There is something peculiarly In compatible between government and humanitarian activities. Govern ment always seems to make a mesa of them, with very few exception*. The basic reason is that govern ment is not really interested. —James G. McDonald, chairman President’s Advisory Committee on Political Refugees. 1