Newspaper Page Text
SUNDAY SUBJECTS The Holiness Mission will bold ser vices a 87 Mala street. The Christian Scieneo subject will be Tha -Doctrine of Atonement. The Gospel Mission meetings are to I be field morning, afternoon ana even ins In the Steiner building. At the Spiritual Academy. Pfcricl street. Rev. Albert P. BUnn, the pastor. Kill apeak in the morning. There will lie no evening service. At the Preston City Baptist church Rev. Prank White. D. D. will Breach. Hia morning subject will be. The Agony of Jesua For tha Lost. At tha Mount Calvary Baotlst church Rev. James Harris, of Norwalk, will preach at both morning and evening cervices. Sunday scnool at noon. At Trinity Episcopal ehureh there will be holy communion at 9.30 a. m. Morning service" and sermon at 10.30. Evening service and address at 7.30 p. m. At Grace Memorial Bsotist church I there will be preaching morning and evening by Rev. S. R. Harris, of Rich mond, Va. Sunday school will be held at noon. At Broadway Congregational church the pastor will preach at the morning service. A service of scripture and song, with a sermon, 'Will be held in the afternoon. Rev. 8. H. Howe, D. D will preach momlnr and evening at rare: cnurcn. Vesper service will be held in the aft ernoon and the Young peoples ser vice in the evening. At the First Congregational ehureh, George H. Bwing, pastor, the morning topic will be The Triumphal Entry of the True Man. The Y. P. S. C. B. will be held at 6.30 p. m. At Grace church. Yanlio, Rev, J. W. Areson. rector. In the absence of I the rector. Mr. C. . Chapman will preach in the morning. The evening service will be omitted. A union holy week service will be held at the Church of the Good Shep herd. Monday evening, five churches uniting. The subject will be, External Preparation For Easter. The Associated Bible Students hold services in W. C. T. U. hall. 5 She- tucket street. Class meets for Bifcle study Sunday morning. The topic will be The Divine Plan of the Ages. At Trinity M. E. ehureh the pastor. Rev. K. W. Coleman, will Breach on The Sacrifice of Christ at the morning service. The evening sermon will be delivered by Rev. E. S. Worcester. At Christ church Palm Sunday there 1 will be holy communion at 9.30, morn ing; prayer, ante-communion and ser mon at 10.80, Sunday school at 12, and evening prayer with address at 7.30. At St. Andrew's Episcopal church there will be celebration of holy com munion at 7.30 a. m. Cooperate com munion of the Altar chapter. Morning prayer, litanv and sermon at 10.30, Sunday school at 12 o'clock. Evening prayer and sermon at 7.ao p. m. Bally Sunday will bn held at the McKinley avenue A. M. E. Zion church, Rev. E. George Biddle, pastor. There will be preaching by the pastor morn ing and evening. The morning subject will be Fellowship With God, and the evening subject Divine Holiness. At the Church of the Good 8hepherd, Univeraalist, Rev. Joseph F. Cobb, the pastor, will preach In the morning on A Joyful Event. Sunday school will he held at noon. T. P. C. U. service at 15 o'clock. The subject will be The Charity of Just Retribution for Sin. At the Second Congregational church there will be morning worship, with sermon and hymn for the children; Sunday school at noon. Young Peo ple's meeting at 6.15 o'clock and ev ening service,' with sermon. The min ister will preach morning and evening. At the First Baptist Church. George Henry Strouse, minister. In the morning the pastor will treach a cpe cial sermon to th Sunday school on the theme. The Stately March of a King. There will be Sunday BChool at 12 o'clock and B. Y. P. U. meeting nt R.30. The evening theme will be A Night in the Garden with Jesus. The moraine subject at the Norwich Town Methodist Episoopal ehureh will be A Day of Tnumpn, ana tne even ins subject They Made Him a Supper. Special Lenten services will be held beginning with Palm Sunday. There will be services Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday evenings at 7.30 o'clock, with sermons by visiting min isters. At the Central Baptist church, the pap tor, Rev. Joel B. Slocum, D. D., will praeh at both hours. The morning jnibiect will be. The Comina of His Feet j evening. Did Jesus Fail? The Sunday School orchestra will play at the evening service. Sunday school and City Bible class for men at noon. The B. Y. P. V. will meet at 6.30, leader, J. W. Carlevale. 40.C00 ILLUSTRIOUS KNIGHTS OF MALTA IN UNITED 8TATES Founded in Jerusalem in 1048 Aa a I Military and Religious Order. noma. April 14. A recent "decree i UMIu.i1 ont rciviwn1 in n. Tntl- IIHO irw5""vw . . I itary sense the Italian members of the ancient ana juubihoub J kUk U.aa Airoii in nrut I Malta, an onier wivu -v,vvw Founded in Jerusalem In 1048 as a miniuv au -a o-h Vi rsn ntirAlv I lost its military character, lecoTninff in the unnea dim -y - ternal order, and in Italy a charitable and Christian association, intended in war time to care for the wounded and . IIM lilt. W.bvw I tained a grandmaster accredited to I tha pope at the Vatican, and it was ? " KnTM- of Malta ao- "..thSte sTriklng red temic. Marked with a black Cross and carry- The official order which gave them ... ii,rr character after so I many nnnareu. r-'7h- hospital ww pline. . - . and Marriages in Tokio. inrii , The total number of divorcee last year was 1994. or 164 more than during th year 1914. .Mm rtagea in the same year sUgUtfy de creased in number. L ; N0RW1QH BULLETIN, SATURDAY.' APRIL 15, 1916 . v ' . 4 1 waw. ...... i -i-.;'"r4, W i7m her estates' in Scotland i and. England 11 "t , I A'WAt iV.i C " I'i . , -J. : .T;", ... . 7 J S A'l and numbers among - her closest 11 r t . " ' , "i " ' A , '' i-' fr - I v a - , f lj,t: I-l friends. Sir Robert and hU sister. Mrs. I 1 1 Tf. a? 4 V; AT ViV? .4 r J-- . v'a Cw.A ' - I i IT. , .'l V, , ,T7 - t't Low was impressed with the possibll- ff I t . 4 - f"' 'v ""i " 1 4 if i V jl'-tLU-. - Vi - ' ' V li ities which their scheme of training l . X 6 S 4-n, r ' ? 4- -j J ' , j f r ' !J . li V-H f . Tr II held for American, girls. She took the I fV I't W V V f If' f , ' V v fif ' llt J ? t- " ? 't , . fl first, steamer for "America, after she I H f h ' , V v T , M( ' Vli V? A i t ' " ' " - li : t . --.' . j "V - -f had planned her course and went dl- r;I.'"-f ",F JL 'X F V.i 1 4 'rljJN V Jr' UA?.!.;... lVt -."., -- H rectly to Savannah, where she person- ri'V'-ri v t i 1 ! A J -i 2 Jl 1 t i J.-V'.v 1 L.'i'- .itlT ' V !l ally organized the first Girl Scout troop 1 I f A I V, J 4 V- . - ? t' - - V 5 ' J in the United States. 1 3A Stf( 'VllM' V . V 'I . ? t . . JT ' , ll.V--"ii ' , t ' t, v - - - ... .. , This troop and her Girl Scout-prtncl- I I 'S ' if st f j ' r- ' " V , J ... , 11-- - . ' I ' ' " - t 1 it pies evoked enthusiasm which spread 1 I , , -f- i i r,- " A, ' ' J r V ' -5. - . : M V'f-'' . ",'" -' ' " . " ,: beyond the bounds of her native south- I l, t. 5 ' Ji h-cZi f . . , 4 r' J: -V" 4 ' J f ' 1 $ . v -'... '- ern city. This enthusiasm presaged a II? I Si' ' v: x . 4"', LZK'''. - AW" ' ' -i ' - . " ' '" II national development and Mrs. Low . if' Tr V(n.V a-l'k4 i ' 1.v' , i -! V1 VA ' " " V .' . 11 was emboldened to establish headquar- It', r il xWlT', V Ji'Y ' ' E ' vjT V . - " T 1 ,UA 1 ' ' V W ' u . . ters in the National Capital of the I A l A J1 Si-" , Jia rVVo t r MVtV ' 4 - . -Y ?-t.- - ., T "j'J country to further Girl Scout interests II , i S Z i . ' S i ' 1 1 K .,w-,y",!:- .I-ai? - . J A and. incidentally, to take charge of a I 1 4 Nl f ' -, w t?' . ' , , k ' V r HKS-i- , ' f "v ' i work which was growing too great for k''- 'T - - v-X: . , . ..'V-r A r.-"r : IVV.'V . . v i . any one person to handle. "glfT ' 1 x " ' " ? "rr - - i J- ' nnf "l'1" 1 " 'Pa'' "' """ ' " "J Tli ks.;v r- .vr' c'M It Has Members in! Ten Countries, and in the United States Ex tends From Coast to Coast Its Origin. First Girl Scout Troop in This Country. Headquarters in Wash ington Other Troops Throughout the Land. Its Aims and Its Meth ods Tests and Re- At the Federated church. Rev. A. "W. wards Simalinff and will nntanh in Tk. Sun..-.. I ' Ideal at the morning service. The Pomninff Ollt TrrtrtT Junior Endc-aorers will meet at three VaiIiLlllg WUL 11UUJ o'clock, the Christian Endeavorers at f , f.3U o'clock. The evening subject Will U0V6m IT1 ST1 1 Oirl he. Tha Law af Valuaa. At Greenevilie Congreaational ehureh Scouts in War Their Sundnv morning the pastor will preach I t 1 v Tl,id!!!iiiycf.Lt-Bairiv"LS Work in Other Coun- V 1 I W I I III WHIjri VHIIBI Illy. i II 1. fH.kTOIUII of the Sunday school will be held at I 12 o'clock, and the second preaching I service in the afternoon. A Special Correspondence WASHINGTON. PRECOCIOUS Infant is the Girl Scout organisation; for despite disparity of its years, which scarcely number three, it has stepped its way Into the life of ten countries. An international movement it Is in aeeu, witn members In England r ranee, Germany, Denmark, Australia, ooutn Africa, Chile, Syria, Scotland and tho united States. The national or ganization of this country alone Is al ready strong with troops scattered from Washington, 3D. C.,- to California and from Maine to Georgia. Liko the morningr dew, which covers with diamonds ground that yesterday was barren, the twentieth century scout movement has arisen for the youth or the world to endow its pleasures and pastimes with dignity and purpose. The Boy Scoutr. as we know them to day the ubiquitous Boy Scouts, who command our profound respect if not our active Interest, were the first fruits Of this movement. Almost co-existcnt with them have been the Girl Scouts their sister orranization in a double meaning of the term. When the grand scoutmaster-in cnier, Lieut. Gen. Sir Robert Baden- rowell, founded the Boy Scout move' ment for the Improvement and utiliza tion of juvenile energy 6,000 English girls applied for membership. His project did not include the admission of girls, so he turned to his sister. Miss Agnes Baden-Powell, and said: "If you can form an organisation for girls built on the plan of the Boy Scouts without making 'tomboys' out of them, go ahead and do it." And Miss Agnes Baden-Powell went ahead to use Sir Roberts, expression with these Enelish girls. The result is tlie existence of an international body of Girl Scouts, ready to march shoulder to shoulder with the boys. The Work of Miss Baden-Powell ' marks the first period in the history of the Girl Scouts. The second period brings an American woman to the scene, Mrs. Juliette Gordon Low of Sa- Savannah, which began with one troop of Girl Scouts, now has fifteen troops of 200 girls. Boston, with the adjoining cities and small towns of New England, leads every other section of the. coun try In the size of Its membership. Mar- blehead started at the beginning of last summer wlh one little Girl Scout a lone pebble on that rock-bound coast. This little girl a visitor soon interested other girls, and before the summer was over, a troop was formed of fifty members In Grand Rapids, the Girl Scouts are established on such a prosperous basis that they have permanent laKesiao camns. wnere tnev live auriner meir vacations, frequently entertaining Boy Soont troops, scoutmasters ana their vrlves. Miss Jane Addams was Impressed with the value of Girl Scout tralnlnsr. and the first Chicago troop was organized at her famous settlement, Hull House. Tho playground associations of Callfor nia discovered that scout worK nas i strong hold on girls, consequently the heads of the recreation department be came Interested, and GJrl Scout troops were organized all over that coast state under bona fldo official supervision. In several sections of the country it has worked in connection with the Y. W. C. A. and other woman organizations. The National CaDltal leads the coun trv in the number of Girl Scouts which form the Washington troop. Between 2K0 and 300 girls are rallied under the Washineton Girl Scout banner. It is doubtless true tnat tne great reason for the rapid development of Girl Scouts In America Is due to th fact that it Is an organization perfectly attuned to the principles upon which this country Is founded. The funda mental principle of the Girl Scouts, as of the United states, is democracy. Nothing can prevent a girl from being n scout. The Girl Scouts is open to all. just as America is a haven for all. Rich and poor alike line up for scout disci pline. Non-sectarian, non-political and inexpensive, the Girl Scouts appeal 1; as broad as the land in which it flour ishes. , Certain definite alms, however, mark and underlie its activities. It stands for positive principles, and among these It numbers Its greatest to be that of good citizenship. All of the Girl Scout training Is directed toward this final object. Thus It is apparent that while the function of the Girl Scouts is some limitations; the merit badge system is the same, and the same outfitter who makes - the Boy Scout uniform also makes . the girls a fact which im presses; the children immeasurably more than the grown-ups understand. The slogan, "One kind deed every day," Belongs to uiri scout training as wen as to their brothers. People are constantly writing to Boy Soout headquarters asking about scout training for girls; Boy Scouts want to know if their sisters can be scouts: churches want some wholesome club work for their girls, and small towns want to give their children social ac tivities which will give them a bond with the outside world. All of these queries are turned over to the Girl Scout headquarters, and from here peo ple are then informed now girls can become scouts. a a A girl is first placed upon probation for six months or more. Then she makes the promise, "On my honor, I promise that I will try to do my best." Thereupon, the motto of the Girl Scouts, "Be Prepared," becomes her in dividual . possession, and training to fulfill it starts. First she qualifies for the tenderfoot class, and befcre she is given a tender foot badge must know how to tie four knots, either reef, sheet-bend, clover hitch, bowline, fisherman's or sheep shank; the governor of the state and mayor of the city in which they live and the history of the flag and how to fly it. The second-class Girl Scout .-. . badge on her left arm which Indicates that she has passed the following tests: How to make a drawing; or cut out In clottt or of paper, the flag of the United States; how to cook one simple oisn; now to lay a nre in a stove, or light a fire in the oven with fwn matches, how to make a bed properly and know how to make an invalid's Dea: to Know ner own measurements ' THOUGH.. SgXT- AND. G2.?11LL, TlTIfagSAfig. 3teQlAP, l'S.SXUXK'xO pass; to know what to do in case of fire; to know a remedy for poison Ivy or what to do to prevent frost bite. When a girl has completed this part of the training she Is ready to work for her first class badee. To obtain - . j-..n 4 v. 4. I this she must know how to lay a table what different from that of the Boy Uronerlv for brMkf.-it iiinnJ. --3 Scouts, in patriotic spirit they are akin. Carl Vrooman, assistant secretary of agriculture, who addressed the girls at their first national rally in June, com plimented them on this fact. He said: "Women are just as patriotic as men; their functions In the life of the re public are just as important and funda mental as those of men, and it is just as Incumbent upon them to translate their patriotism Into practical efforts as It is for men." Believing this to be true the found ers of the Girl Scouts have-adhered in many respects to the program used by the Boy Scouts. Troops are organized according to the same system; the Girl Scout law follows the same general outline; the training Is similar, only belner altered to meet the differences of the girl's requirements and her sex and give correctly the Girl Scouts' passwords. a From this point a Girl Scout's train ing ranges all the way from the most practical to the most cultural sub nt. sh m.i-r compete for a must- clan's badge or a cook's badge, accord- j ing to her bent. At each stage of her progress she receives an ornamental badge which Is calculated to appeal to ber femi nine eye as well as her youthful in stinct 'for decoration. The entire course aims to cover the natural activities of a girl's life, and i through the spirit of competition and to know the eight points of the com- I hope of final recognition tne every day routine duties are uuum clow which at once removes their dull- Twenty-one proficiency badges may be gained. Each one prescribes duties which will contribute in some degree to a more efficient wormanhood. As an example of tnis ine nmirun dinner and supper; bring a shirt waist or aVlrt sewn by herself; be able to tell how to get to a place and walk two miles in one hour: be able to dress and nth a child of two years or younger; have an elementary Knowledge or first aid to the injured; have, an elementary knowledge of signaling and of the semaphore code; have 60 cents in the bank earned by herself; bring a girl trained by herself In the tenderfoot tests; know how to distinguish and name three .trees, three wild flowers. three wild animals and three wild birds; be able to pass an examination upon the first three chapters of the woman's edition of the, American Red Cross text book on first aid: swim fifty yards in her clothes, or show a, list of twelve satisfactory good deeds; show points of compass without a compass. keeper s. badge is : perhaps one of the n.-atlna: of all. The require ments of this badge are to know how to use a vacuum . cleaner, to stain and polish floors, to', clean wire window screens, to put away furs and flannols, to clean glass, kitchen utensils, brass mnA allnrwflri.1 A knowledge of marketing Is also necessary, and a girl must know three different outs of meat and the price of nnh. tha aeasons for fruits and vege tables, fish and game, ana Know oy what measure flour, sugar, rice, cere als and vegetables are sold. All of these details are. however, simply the means which Girl Scouts follow to reach tnetr nroaa ana ulti mate, tlm nreoaredness for Intelli gent service. Any one who was fortu nate enough to witness 'the physical culture contests of the girls from Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Nor way at tho Olympic games st Stock holm In 112 will remember how cred itably thay compiled on equal terms with the young men, and what an In spiring aieht it was to see younT wom en with such well trained bodies and alert minds. a The Girl Scouts give girls similar dis cipline and training and extend the opportunity for outdoor life to a num ber of girls who might otherwise miss It. Girls are furthermore given the same camp and first aid training as that of the boys, so. If ever a project is started, as Mrs. Low has suggested, for displaying their skill in a national competitive contest the girls will be ready and able to maintain their ground. The semaphore signaling which they are taught Is the same that is used all over the world, and in first aid work the examinations are conducted by sDccIal officer of the Red Cross. ' Camping out is one of the Girl Scout hobbles. Camp life presents a supreme test of their ability to matte a nre. cook set up a tent r.nd make a bed. - Inci dentally camp life brings them In clos est contact with nature and emphasizes the charm of the simplicity of a "close to nature" life. All of this training Is listed by the bureau of education as one of the most important nieces of work of a direct educational nature set forth by any or ganization making no claim Jo a place In the formal echool system. Col. Colin Livingstone, the national president of the Boy Scouts, emphasizes their good influence from another standpoint. He thinks that the Girl Bcouts are bound to exert a great in fluence upon the Boy Scouts because girls are endowed by nature with quali ties that boys must be taught. The nat ural feminine instinct of sympathy ne believes to be one of the best proofs ot the adaptability of the average girl for scout duties. ' Scout tnlnlnr. It mir be thoocbt. sp Deals onlv to the voonser set of cirls, those from ten to eighteen years, for Instance. Bv no means is tne neia barred to older girls; the Inducements of leadership and captaincy are held out to them. College women, who have been trained to nil positions which re autre a rood measure of executive abil Ity. are being induced to glva thetr at tention to the Girl Scout a It is pointed out that all vonncr women who are anx ious to devote their efforts to help girls will find It a very congenial nela- Captains, be It understood, are. the organisers of troops and have full re aponslblllty of supervision over the girls training and activities, just aa the Boy Scout masters have In their charge the direction of the Boy Scout compa nies. Each local troop. In addition to Its captain. Is under the surveillance of a local board, of councilors which "keeps In close touch with national headquar ters. " This board consists of twelve or more women representing different creeds and Intereata who can give a I breadth of tnfluence to the local or ganisation. This great national American, Girl Scout movement has remarkable cause for self-congratulation In the opinions of Its leaders. Mra Low Is desirous of pointing out the practical demonstra tions of the uses to which Girl Scout training can be applied. She -has ob servedthat girls, because of their mtii training, have been able to -ren der Important service to Great' Britain In Its present crisis, such superior eerv- ce, in fact, z hr-.s never been Known before -In the history of the world. T3-l Bcouts. she lays, "art not asked to die for their, country. They are asked to live lor It. The British .Girl Scouts are proving that they know how to live Tor their couatry in a most ef fective manner. - -. "Do you know what the Girl F.couts of Lor don are called? The eyes of Great Britain.' They have offered their services for regular patrcl duty, which Keeps tnem on the lookout for Zeppe lins. Ever since tf.o air raids began every Girl Scout knows the location of aoraeteafety cellar, where she can con duct the people when she snies one of the huge birds of prey hovering In the sky." Red Cress work and e!.-rna!!n- are also proving the Britlr.h Girl Scorts" usefulness. By this knoTlcdre they are able to give useful a??l3tinco to the relief of . wounded soldiers and Belgian refugees' and to read correctly mes sages signaled from air craft or shlpa. : . ., ;- ' " a a Mra Low's own troop In London fa serving meals to ammunition workers. who work eight hours, with ten mm- utea . every three boura for refresh ments. Tier girls are cooking simple food and rushing through the factories dally, .basket on arm. to -serve it- -The British Girl Bcouts who are pVeflcSest cyclists ', have offered their services te their country as messe-agere. .-"V -. "All of which proves," says Mra. Lew, "that ' the girl well ' equipped with practical training la well disciplined and knows how to obey ordera, can make her place in any emergency and give a- good account of herself. The American Girl Scouts may be Interested to know that the British Girl Scouts print and publish a maga zine which they call tha Girl Guide Ga zette. It Is a very creditable little le ans and contains a mass of material of interest to the girls. The British Girl Scouts are not the only foreign girls who have their hos tels; ready, for those who are Injure and ' rendered homeless by bombard ment, who have their stretchers ready and who have learned to bandage wmmria - Tha French clrls are active. too, and are even going a step farther by drilling every day outside of Paris in all of the experiences of camp life that the Boy Soouto follow. The Italian girls are not outdone by these allied sisters. Italian Girl Scouts were recently delegated by the gov ernment to bestow honor medals to Italian soldiers at publio services held In Rome. Thoua-h the American Girl Pcout or ganisation docs not emphasize those aspects of Its training which have a military flavor, yet it cannot refrain from being proud of the practical serv ice which Its European membera are able to render to their countries. WOMAM HEAD); T L1E1AEY I iUBJECT OF FISH special Correspondence WASHINGTON, D. C, CAN one imagine a whole library devoted to fish? There is one In Washington, which Is the best fish library in. the world, and it is among the - most useful in stitutions of its kind existing, for it is - one of the most live and up-to-date scientific libraries with which this government supplies its scientific in vestigators. This is the library of the bureau of fisheries, and the custodian, who has done the greater part of the work In building and 'systematizing this one one of the most active and useful sci entific aids of its kind, is a woman Miss Rose MacDonald thoroughly, competent to care for the special li brary of which she Is the head, a Bhe is the one woman In the federal service who has passed the civil serv ice examination as a fjsh culturist, having entered 'the office and passed the . examination as a. specialist eight years ago. During . the Intervening years she haa kept up with .the scien tific progress ot this important bureau of the Department of Commerce. Mlsa MacDonald is an enthusiast In Iter work, coming -naturally by her In terest la. it. for--she la a daughter of the late Marshall MacDonald, the third commissioner of the bureau of fish eries, who held this position -for nine j years, giving his division-of the gov-' ernment's work long and valuable service and inventing much of the sci entific apparatus which is used in the 1 bureau today. Miss MacDonald takes pleasure ana pride in feeling that In her own do main she is accomplishing the best which is In her power to further this one of the Important divisions of the Department of Commerce and that she thus has her share in the advancement of the country's welfare. Not a mere custodian or oooks ana papers, sne keeps herself posted upon literature relatintr to the bureau's branch ot science, either acquiring the books and journals or making references as to where they may be found. "The library of the bureau of flatt eries Is the finest of its kind in the world." said Miss MacDonald, recently. "I feel almost certain that i-nowhere else can there be found so extensive a collection of literature pertaining to aauatic ' biology. You serhape know that the subject ot fish conservation Is one of the biggest questions before the commerclial world of today. The fish food problem Is a great branch of our work, as are fish diseases. Every thing done In the work- tends toward the proiyiem of economy and efficiency in flali conservation. In which the mat ters of fish food and fish diseasea bear a vital Dart. "A large proportion of the food of ) fish Is other fish, and the scientists I are ever studying- this chase and its relation to the decrease ot. increase of the supply of fish for commerce. Just I now. for instance, I am working on I literature- relating , to carbohydrate I metabolism of fishes. -Ssneciallv In re- lation to salmon and trout. The bu- 1 reau is desirous of finding out If ' this class or rood ever serves as a source of energy In ' these fishes, and I am seeking tn every available direction for literature on the subject. ' a "Then, there Is the subject of migra tion of fish. Reaction to stimuli ac counts for many of the habits of fish. and the bureau Is Investigating along this line so as to direct their habits In an advantageous manner. X make it my duty to keep In touch with all pos sible phases of the scientific work. of the bureau, ao that the library may be useful to its fullest extent. One reads. for instance, an item to the effect that the -tar-road dressing In England seems to be affecting the fish in the lakee and streams. Our scientists look into the subject ana find out what in gredtent in the tar mixture has fatal efleot. because the same material may injure the fish in this country if a like dressing be put upon the roads con tlguous to our lakes and streams. "I am now on- the lookout for avail able literature on this, subject, and upon finding' anything important bear ing upon It will place It under the notice of tne Investigator In that line. In our laboratories scientists will take I ,". , ... . liar aressins: ana try tnem out bv ex I pertinents . and testa to . learn what forma are Injurious to fish. If washed by the rains from, the roadways into the waters. So, too, with all varieties of water pollution which may affect nsn. You will be surprised to know tnat there Is a variety ot fish which Is a mosquito destroyer, and our scientists have been for years collecting Informa tion upon the subject. I nave Dcon ac cumulating all the. available literature upon It. Quite a lot of work has been done in this connection In Bermuda and In India, and here they are finding out what fish will eat the DaneiuL nine in sect. The mosquito larvae eaters are valuable members of fish society, and the scientists find that the Kline is a mosquito epicure. "The shipworm Is an enemy to the progress of mankind, and can In time eat away tne sona pnes or a nri. Specialists are busy finding out what will be toxlo In Its effect upon the troublesome little borers. I have made a - bibliography upon tne suDject ior their use, and have also been preparing nn nn the nearl mussels for the use of Investigators who are developing this very useful creature oi commerce. "These rew examples oi in many branched eubjecf of flsh culture give a very- slight Idea of the range of the work. Like all live libraries, this Is In a constant state ot development and n-rowth. St Is changing all the time. and old books are replaced by new, as fresh discoveries are made and re vealed. I speak, of course, of tha ref erence books, which must he kept up to date to be of worth. The library Is rich In old standard works of value. Fish culture dates from - tha middle ages. and we have some Interesting old tomes published long over a century ago. "I am working constantly upon the subject catalogue to make It as com prehensive and as usefully divided and subdivided as possible to meet the de mands of the Investigators, as tne ou reau approaches new problems, the sub ject catalogue is extenuea m m them. One of the most Important fea tures of the work of the libraryhas been the making of a bibliography ar ranged by countries, by fish, and In cluding equipment, transportation of eggs and fry, ponds, aquatic plants. physiological effect of temperature, en vironmental effects, diseases ana pescs. toxicology, breeding habits, food and polutlon of waters. a "It has been our aim to make this li brary as helpful an adjunct to the ecl- entlsts In their work aa a library can be. To accomplish this 'we not only keep the books classified and subclas- stfled with the utmost care and accu racy, but also send the titles of all the new books and references In periodical literature to the scientists who may be working at a distance, that they may either find fox themselves the works desired, or. If not available, that they may send to this central library for the books or periodical referencca. Each week I go through tho periodicals, do mestic and foreign, making reference cards of every article pertinent to tbe work. Wa do a great deal of work by cor respondence." Miss MacDonald contln- I ued. "and we receive a great many let- I ters dally from scientists In every part I of the country. . It Is the object of tbe j bureau and the library to extend .mo fullest possible eld to every Investiga tor. Hero is a letter from a cclentlst In the New York aquarium, and hero Is one from Oberlln. Ohio, requesting In formation on the utilisation ot sea weed found on American coasts. - Half a dozen titles of modern treaties on tbe subject were sent. "A letter from tbe College of Physi cians and Surgeons of New "York de sires 'Information on metabolism, and here Is one from a bactertologlst in Quebec, 'who asks if our library can give him a bibliography bearing upon the effect of copper on oyster beds. "To the scientists working at the va rious biological stations of the bureau Instructions are sent as to the aae ot the libraries at the stations. Bib liographies are made of apecial subjects as desired, and the books forwarded from this library if they cannot be found nearer at hand. In addition to this central library, the bureau main tains libraries at the biological sta tions at Beaufort, N. C'. at Fairport, Iowa; at Woods Hole. Mass.; on the Seal Islands. St. Paul and St. George, aa well as upon Its vessel for scientific Investigation, tbe Albatross.. "We may not have tbe biggest col lection of books and we may not pos sess the moat learned list of foreign manuals, bat I doubt If there Is any where a library that Is working as this Is at all times, and in as many places. We like to think of this library as a living, working force, doing Its share In the Important work of this arrest scientific bureau of the Department af Commerce." a Miss MacDonald prepared a valuable bibliography on fur seal work, which Is embodied, and accredited to her. In last .year's report of the bureau of fisheries. In Its section relating to tbe fur seals and other Ufa of tbe Prltllof Islands ot Alaska. The catalogue con tained 219 titles, and was the first bibliography of the works appearing upon this subject since the purchase of Alaska. Although she Is a hard worker fa office, and frequently carries her work to her home, .Mi Macuonaiu un a keen Interest In the social and philan thropic life of her home town, Alex andria. Va. She Is a meir.btr of the National Society of Colonial Dames, and - was prominent at tho unveiling and presentation of the tablet com memorating the colonial hirtory of the old city on tho Potomac, cn the occa sion of the last biennial conference of tbe society in Washington. She was also local chairman of he committee of Colonial Dames which marked the Braddock trail. This In teresting memorial, which stands at the intersection of Mount Vernon ave nue and Braddock road. Is none ether than the cannon which was left la Alexandria by Braddock, and Its foundation Is a ao.ld base of cobble stones takes - from the a treats X Ut I aid. town.