Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel], January 08, 1870, Image 1

About Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975

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PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED), BY SPRAGUE, OWEN & NASH. TERMS: SEVEN DOLLARS PER ANNUM. SINGLE COPIES, FOUR CENTS.
VOL. I. AUGUSTA, ME., SATURDAY MORNING, JANUARY 8, 1870. NO. 7.
$tnuukt Jmiral. i
Published on Water, Foot of Court Street,
i
AUGUSTA, MAINE.
BT SI’RAGl E, OWEN <fc NASH.
Jjailj Junittkt Journal
Is issued every morning, except Sundays.
Contains the latest news by telegraph and mail,
and giveB the proceedings of the Legislature in full,
also reports of proceedings of important commit
tees and the Agricultural and Educational depart
ments.
Terms, $7 per annum in advance; *8 if payment
Is not made within the year. Single copies 4 cents,
to be had at the bookstores and at this office.
Advertisements one inch in length, three in
sertions or less. $1 00; 25 cts. for every subsequent
insertion. Longer advertisements, or those inserted j
for any considerable length of time, will be inserted
at favorable terms to the advertiser.
Special Notices 25 per ceut. additional.
Amusement Notices, $2 per square per week.
Ttdlcchlij Jtennebft Journal,
Published every Wednesday morning,
Is the largest folio paper in the State, containing
uews, political article*, agricultural and scientific
matter, talcs, poetry, anecdotes, household recipes, ;
markets, Ac.. Ac.
Terms $2 ptr annum in advance
Transient Advertisements, $150 per inch for
first week; 25 cents per week for cash subsequent
insertion.
Special Notices, t*2 00 per inch for first week; j
50 cents per week lor each subsequent week.
Business Notices, in reading column*, 20 cents
per line for first insertion ; 10 cents per line for each
subsequent insertion.
All transient advertisements to be paid for in
advance.
DR. A. H. CHAMBERLAIN,
DENTAL SURGEON,
OFFICE OVER POST OFFICE^ : AUGUSTA, MAINuJ
DR CHAMBERLAIN is Ailly up with the times
in all the best and most’practical improve
ment*. ahvay* availing himself of such as will be
of practical use to hi* patron*, and being thorough
ly conversant with Dentistry in all iU branches, can
promise his patron* that tueirwoik shall be doue
in a manner
Which Cannot be Excelled !
THE MOST DIFFICULT CASES ARE SOLICITED!
X*ni-e ^iti-ons Oxide
Or LArcunso Gas, the bent and safest Anaesthetic
now extant, constantly on hand and given for the
extraction of Teeth w n liotr pai.v.
JtKfKItKKCES or rEH.VISSlOX,
J B Bell, M. D. | J. tV Toward. M. I>.
Geo E Brickett, M D I .T O, Webster, M D,
W L. Thompson, M. D. | W. S Hill. M. D.
Office Hours from 8 A. M. to 0 F. M.
tljau70_
Fore Medicines and -Chemicals!
Brushes, Combs, Soaps and Perfumery;
CHOICE TOILET i\» FAXCI llflCLES:
Physicians’ & Apothecaries’ Goods,
Ptrt Xpert*. Lard. Errosev sad Seatsfoot Oil*.
Charles K. Partridge,
DRUGGIST AND APOTHECARY,
Water Street, corner Market Square,
(INl)ER GRANITE HAI L,)
Has on hand a Large Selected Stock
kept fresh by constant additions,
AND BULLS AT
The Lowest Market Rales !
FOR GENUINE AND RELIABLE GOODS.
PartriifM Drnr Stir,, ffatrr Strut, rrarr Market Ji|iurt.
tlj*o?01y
Shooting Tackle.
m. wTlong,
SUCCESSOR TO L. M. I, EL AX IK
OTJKr SMITH
And Dealer In
Shooting Tackle of Every Yariely.
IUFLB AND SHOT GUNS made to ORDER and
WARRANTED. Particular attention paid to
Chunking Shot Guns to make them shoot thick and
strong. Also on hand, the best lot of Skates in
the market, for sale cheap. Odd keys of every
pattern. Key tugs ami ..ngs for Wallets Powder
of the best quality for 131a*ting or Sporting. Re
pairing done neatly and promptly. All work
warranted. Ijan-ly
CUSHNOC HOUSE.
Comer and
Winthrop [•’Ijjpl State Sts.,
.Augusta, IMe.
T. B. BALLARD, : : Proprietor.
Quests takon to and firom the Cars ,
and Boats Free.
HORSES AND CARRIAGES TO LET.
flJunTO-Gm
OI'I.I. SI MO NILS'
Fashionable Hair Dressing Rooms,
Opposite *Jarrotfc A Bradbu^'s,
Water Street, s : : Augusta, Me.
(Shaving, Shampooing, Uatr-Dreaaing, (Jutting. Col
oring, Ar., in the most approved »tvle of tho art.
Pairloular attention paid to cutting and curling La
die.’ aud Children's hair. All kindaol Hair Work
made ttM>rdur in the Utoat atylu. Ijan.O-ly
KEROSENE LAMPS, Lantorua and Chimney*
Sun Burner* nnd Chimneva, fbr aalo br
May 90, 1SU8. ilALLAKP 4 CtlASE.
MAN HI ON HOUSE,
i STATE STREET, : i AUGUSTA, ME.
j r|HIIS House is provided with Bnth Booms,
I where Hot and Cold Baths can be had at all
times. It has also a First-Class Billiard Hall, f«*r
Guests only. Connected with the House is a large
and c<immodiou3 Sample Room, on Water Street,
centrally located, where Sample Agents can show
i their goods, free of charge.
The Proprietor, thankful for the liberal patronage
which the above House has enjoyed since its open
ing, takes pleasure in informing his patrons that he
, will run Free Carriages to and from the Cars ami
, Boats until further notice #
' Connected with the al>©Ye House is a Livery Sta
? ble, where good toama can 1** had at reaB"nable
rates. W. M. THAYER, Proprietor.
G. P. Cochrane, Clerk.
GOLD! GOLD! GOLD!
ADAMSON'S
Botanic cough balsam;
IS MORE VALUABLE THAN GOLD.
TRY IT ! TRY IT ! TRY IT !
IT CURES THE WORST
COUGH or COLD
IN A SHORT TIME.
IN LARGE BOTTLES, at - - - 35 Cents.
INTO Cure ! 3Mo Fay !
FRANK KINSMAN,
DRUGGIST,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL AGENT
FOR THE UNITED STATES AND CANADAS.
Cough no more when you can be Cured for
3 £5 Cents!
TRY IT! TRY IT! TRY IT!
MOSES M SWAN,
Watchmaker and Jeweller, I
b
m
S
b
T.
i*
2
v )
His Stock embraces a fine line of
American and Swiss Watches,
ELGIN WATCHES,
in gold and silver cn«e, including the celebrated
National or Elgin Watch, Waltham, Tremont. Bor- 1
quin. Bonnett. Pardeaux. Jacot, Ac., in both La
dies.’ and gentlemen’s sires.
Fine Grold. J owclry,
Solid Gold Leoniton
Vest and Neck Chains,
STERLING A COIN SILVER GOODS,
FINE PLATED WAKE,
SPECTACLES AND EYE SIASSES,
of the most approved kinds.
CLOCKS OF ALL KINDS,
including the celebrated ITHACA CALENDAR,
all of which will be sold at the
Lowest Prices, and Warranted.
Particular attention given to repairing all kin*’,* of
Fine Watches. Chronometer Balances applied and
adjusted to temperature and position. tljan? Mf
C. H. STARBIRD,
Photographer ant! Artist, |
A'EW GRANITE III.OCK,
Nearly opposite Post Office, (Up Stairs,)
Makes all the besd style* of Pictures iu the Art.
PICTIRES COPIED <fc ENLARGED,
— AND —
Finished in India Ink or Colors.
At prices that cannot fail to be satisfactory.
The public are invited to call ami examine
Specimens made and finished at his rooms.
AUGUSTA. ME. t4Jan70d«
I. C. I. C. I. c.
T', <8, O.
SOMES’
Oyster, Fruit and Confectionery
salooj;
Opposite Masonic Block, Gardiner, Me.
THE BEST OTSTEK COOK
in the State.
Solid Oysters, 50 cents per quart. 7, S, o.
To the people at large,
Who this notice may read,
And yourselves in Gardiner should And :
If you want a good stew,
You should know where to go
lfs to Somes’, 7, **, o.
C. T SOMES,
Gardiner, Jan. 1st, 1870. tI)i»Bktf
Cough Candy !
YifE»i»F.3BrRti’s rmrat t t\i)Y cures
\\ COUGHS. COLDS, WHOOPING COUGH and *
all Throat trouble*.
2 Doors south of Granite Block, Market Sq. |
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS,
Fancy Goods, die., sold by j
janl-lyf W. WENDENBCRG. |
Brushes i Brushes!
UAIK, CLOTH, DUST, SHOE and Stove Blush
es, a lull uesuilu.ent for sale low by
BALLAUD & CHASE, J
May 30, 1300. « Uuion Block.
L870. JANUARY. 1870.
EXTRA INDUCEMENTS
TO BUYERS.
We have this Day
Marked Down our Prices!
SO AS TO REDUCE STOCK.
LOOK! LOOK! LOOK!
THINK AND REFLECT
On the following Prices:
Overcoats tor $1.73
Overcoats for 6.00
Overcoats for 7.00
Overcoats for 8.00
Overcoats (warranted all wool) 9.00
Overcoats (heavy Black Beaver) 10.00
OCR STOCK OF
PANTS AND VESTS.
MATCHED SUITS,
-ash—
GENTS’ FURNISHIN6 600DSI
Of every description we offer for the
NEXT THIRTY DAYS,
At equally low prices.
AST CALL AND SEE US, and we guarantee that
rou will get your money’s worth at the
ONE PRICE
CLOTHING STORE
S. W. HUNTINGTON & CO.,
190 Water SI., Augusta, Maine.
tljan70
LAST SENSATION!
Great Closing Sale
-OF
Ladies' Furs and Robes,
-at
Wlioolcr’s, — GrArcliiior.
I NOW offer my entire (dock of LaDTES’ FURS
and ROBES at less than cost tt> manufacture
Parties who wish to buy within the next two
years, and who wish to save money should not fail
to improve this
GREAT EVOKING SALE!
for I am going to SELL regardless of cost.
Remember the Place:
Opposite the Post Offlco,
GARDINER, ME.
M. L. WHEELER,
ljar702mdAw Successor to Hathaway * Wheeler.
MISS M. A. LIBBY & CO.,
KEEPS constantly on hand a large stock of
MILLINERY.
The bort lot of GERMAN WORSTEDS in the city
Also, Worsted Good*, Hoods, Nubias, Breakfast
Shawls, Hosiery. Gloves, &c.
M. A. LIBBY A CO.,
04 Water Street. Gardiner, Maine.
*ljau7(Hf
Governor’s Address.
Gentlemen cp hif. Senate and
House op Kedresentatives :
In approaching the duties of another session, it
is well to impress upon the mind a due estimate of
their importance; and acknowledging and invok
ing the Divine favor, seek for wisdom in their faith
ful discharge. It is true that the councils of the
nation have more to do with the greater mutters
of our common w».*al or woe; but the questions
which are within your control, and the duties to
which you are now solemnly devoted are worthy of
your best thought and conscience and wisdom.
While the dark burden of the war rolled its
gloom over us, the people were not niggardly in giv
ing nor over-critical in receiving whatever promised
aid in the great deliverance. With a patriotism which
knew no class or section, with a generosity which
counted no cost, and a devotion that shrank from
no sacrifice, they poured their choicest treasure and
their most precious life Into the field where the
great issue was joined for the guaranties of liberty
and a government of law. Intent on this they
paid little attention to little thing*; they did not
■top to challenge either men r measures that came
in the guise and color of the common cause. Hut
the crisis now is past; the field won. The times
arc different; our duties new. We must challenge
b< th measures and men; cast out the false, displace
the weak, entrench the strong. We must look back
over the tumultuous track and see where ruin can
be repaired and abuses corrected; the false chan
nels cut by the wild overflow stopped up; the
true currents of prospeiity restored. We must look
forward, not only to seo what must be borne, but
what must be done,—stifled energies to be set free,
new powers put in motion. No spiritless or timid
reluctance to grapple with the vexed questions
which may claim our attention, should be allowed
to settle upon us from the too modest impression
that our acts are of littlo consequence. On the con
trary, never was sound judgment and generous toil
and the clear sharp scrutiny that runs before and
after, more demanded by the exigency of the times
and the interests of the people.
A government nan sometning more to uo tnan to
govern, and levy taxes to pay the governors. It is
something more than a police to arrest evil and
punish wrong. It must also encourage good, point
out improvements, open rdbds of prosperity and
infuse life into all right enterprises. Tt should
Combine the insight and foresight of the best
minds of the ^tato for all the high ends for
which society is established and to which man
aspires. That gives us much to do. We sit down
here to devise things for tho public good. Let us
bo at tho work early, and do it both well and
quickly. For both are possible. Promptitude and
activity will enable us to avoid a protracted ses
sion, omitting nothing and at the same time con
sidering well. That there will be conflicts of opin
ion and differences of judgment may be expected,
and is well. Where men are thoughtful there
will seldom be unanimity. Where men are honest
there will be sharp individuality. Independence,
if it is genuine, is no evil, but a good. The great
, requisite, indeed, on the part of those who make
j or administer laws is moral courage. We cannot
; expect much that is good from laws enacted under
I clamor or to meet some crisis, nor from statesmen'
who are chiefly concerned in contriving to keep
: their place and power. One thing we may be sure
i of,—the virtue in the hearts of the people That in
, stinct may be deceived but will not be defeated It
demands honesty, and will pardon us if in that
cause we are over bold.
One man indeed, we have lost from active partici
pation and influence in our affairs- One voice is
silent, that was wont to speak only honest conviction
without favor and without fear. William Pitt
Fessenden is gone. The race of men that dare be
right has .suffered loss. The man who will calmly
resolve and give judgment with understanding, un
moved by the voice of those who seeing not so
clearly feel more violently—the man who aims for
the ultimate right rather than for the near advan
tage—the man who in the tremendous hour of re
sponsibility when great issues hang upon his action,
bearing above the tumult of taunting foes and sup
, plieating friends the deeper voices of reason and
conscience, fixes bis single eye on duty and stakes
his all upon the blow—that man it is hard to find
and hard indeed to lose. One by one the great men
around whom our hearts rallied in the dark days of
the Republic are passing from our. view. We feel
j that we are lost rather than they. Happy will it
j be if tho young men now rising to their places snail
. learn from their example, and be able when the day
j of trial c.-mes to do their duty as unselfishly, as
| boldly, and as well. Tho deeds cf such meu live
after them. Their words are gone out unto the end
1 of the world. Their light shall shine along the
heights of history as the glory lives on the Alpine
peaks when the sun is seen no more.
The vacancy in the I'nited States Senate it became
my duty to fill for the time, and I accordingly ap
pointed Hon. L«>t M. Morrill. It now devolves on
you to elect a Senator for the remainder of the term
ending March, 1871.
I proceed to lay before you an abstract of tho con
dition of the State, with the few suggestions which
appear needful to be made: the more complete de
tails and cogent reasons will for the most part
appear in the several reports and other documents
submitted to yuur inspection.
FINANCIAL.
The report of the Treasurer will present a most
interesting statement and history of our financies.
Our receipts during the past year have been $933,
814.50, and our expenditures $919,600 60. On the
old civil debt we have paid the annual installment
of $<7,000, leaving a balanco of $384,000. Our war
debt December 31, 1869, was $4,632,500. This is
amply provided fur by the sinking fund arising from
the tax of three-fourths of a mill on the doliar by
the valuation of 1860. Of this debt $>00,000 falls
due in 1871. The sinking fund, with the collections
from the general government applied to extinguish
this debt, already amounts to $972,530, so that we
are already $172,530 in advance of our liabilities in
1871, and at the present rate of increase wo shall
be $300,800 ahead.
uur wnoie puDiieaem January i, ichu, including
the civil and tho war debt, and the municipal reiui*»
bursement loan is $S, 100,900. Notwithstanding the
heavy drain on the Treasury last year, expenditures
have been so economized and cut short that the loan
authorized to meet current expenses has nut been
resorted to, nor have even tho appropriations been
exhausted. It is estimated that with all that may
reasonably be Contemplated, the rate of taxation
this year will fall somewhat short of tho last. Still,
we should make all reasonable appropriations.
It would be poor economy to relusc to expend any
money till our debts are paid.
The remarkable feature of our finances this year
i is tho assumption by the State of a portion of the
war expenses of towns. This is made at tho rate of
$100 fur every three year’s man actually furnished
for the war. After a long and thorough examina
tion of the most tangled and perplexing matters, tho
commissioners appointed to adjust the reimburse
ment have now made their report, which will be
found to contain serious mutters of history in regard
to the method of furnishing men for tin* war. They
adjudge the sum of $3,105,183 33. The fractional
parts of $100 required to bo paid in currency in this
distribution amount to $20,783.33. For the rest,
viz $3,084,400, Bonds of the State are now ready
for issue bearing interest from October 1, 18(19, at
tho rate of six per cent., payable semi-annually.
To provide for this interest and tho rateable portion
of tho sinking fund required to extinguish this
debt, you will need to assess tho sum of about
$80,000.
It would serve as a protection against loss or rob
bery, if you were to provide for the registratiou of
these bonds as the holders might desire. If a por
tion of this loan find its way to the market, there
i< no reason to apprehend a serious depreciation.
Under the late stringency which so severely tested
all bonded securities, ours fell off not more than
2 or 3 per cent, from par. When we consider also
the much higher rates uf interest offered by other
securities which flood the market, wo cannot but
congratulate ourselves upon the public confidence
in our financial soundness
The liabilities, which, one way cr another, grew
rut of the war, have laid a heavy burden on us.
Were it not for this, it will bo perceived, our lia
bilities would bo trifling. But it must bo borne in
mind that this debt does not represent what is wast
ed and lost. It is a heritage of honor and a
patent of nobility; and if that seems too unsubstan
tial a consolation to those who dwell on the more
striking fact that our taxes continue high, they
may be reminded that more than half this debt is
for money that has been scattered broadcast among
our own citizens.
The report ot the Examiner of Banks and Insur
ance Companies will suggest matters of unusual im
portance. It will bo seen that our old banks under
the State charter are nearly extinct. The policy of
the Government is hostile, and we shall probably
have to abandon the system.
The recommendation of a tax to be laid upon
foreign Insurance Companies doing business in the
State, seems well supported by argument.
Those who are interested in the condition of our
people, will not be content to estimate the prosper
ity of tho State from the operations of capitalists
and the balance of trade. They will also look upon
the great masses and sec if they can live upon their
daily labor; to what use they put their earnings,
I and to what advantage their small savings. There
I you can best discover whether you are rightly solv
j ing th* problems of political ecouomy, or realising
! the objects of society. There arc now 37 savings
! banks in Maine, several having been recently
i chartered in wbut we might call our oountry towns;
the chief apprehension in regard to which is, that
they may nut be able to atford suitable security
against robbery. The deposits for the past year
amount to $10,839,953 by about 40,000 depositors,
making an average of something over $'230 each.
I An interesting comparison is shown by the fact that
! the amount thus laid in store from honest and hard
earned gaius, is already more than a million and a
| quarter larger than the aggregate capital of all our
! banks of issue. State and National, and nearly two
and three-quarter millions larger thau the whole of
i our bonded public debt.
It la urged by some mat a direct tax snouiu no
laid on savings batiks. It is a sound principle that
property should share as equally as possible the pub
lic burden; aud it seems, at first sight, that savings
banks should no more be exceptions to the rule than
any other banks. But it will bo seen upon reflec
tion that the spirit and intent of deposits in savings
banks differ entirely from the object and operation
of deposits in other banks, and it is a grave ques
tion whether this difference is not of such a nature
and result as to make the savings banks a postive
benefit to the State, which might even entitle them
to special grace, practically amounting to a bounty,
or premium, if you please. These banks are the
special depositaries of the poor; treasuries of pittan
ces which could in no other way bo so well guarded
and made profitable. If not kept here many of
them would not be kept at all. Besides the actual
saving of earnings and the positive addition to
wealth thence accruing,—itself an object worthy
of your thoughtful care,—there are incidental and
even more valuable advantages. The moment ho
has money iu the hank, the humblest feels a brac
ing up of his sell-respect and whole moral force.
From that moment springs an incentive to industry,
frugality, temperance, enterprise; to all, in fact,
which constitute good citizenship, and advances
the character and condition of men. Anything,
therefore, which tends to discourage deposits in
savings banks should be scrupulously avoided. If
there were any way to reach the large depositors by
requiring the officers of banks to make returns to the
! assessors of towns for purpose of taxation, it would
l certainly be well. But first premising that large
j sums are less likely than small ones to escape tax
| ation ;n the ordinary way, it is to be said that such
j depositors might still easily evade the law, and the
I burden would fall back on those less able to bear it.
Indeed the mere fact itself of publishing Savings
Banks deposits would intimidate and dishearten
many whoso very struggle and merit it is to keep
this pittance from the willful and wasteful han ls
which would at the same time destroy it and them
selves. By the very confidential relations of these
j banks many a poor woman is helped in her heroic
struggles to bear her unequal burden. Therefore it
seems to mo better oven to suffer such evils as we
do, than in the attempt to correct them to subvert
a far greater good
What this ^tato needs is capital—money in mo
tion, whether gold or currency. Our material is
stagnant, our industry crippled, our enterprise
staggered for want of money, wnioh is power.
What makes the sinews of war makes also the sin
ews of peace. Maine strikes mo as quite different
ir. her circumstances from the other New England
States, with their denser population, developed arts
| and industries, their centralization of forces and ac
! cumulation of capital. She reminds me more of the
: Western States in her condition and needs,—a vir
gin soil, undeveloped powers, vast forests, and vig
orous men, but no money Eiko them she is trying
to build railroads, invite immigration and develop
her resources, and perhaps is not so much in love
with a high tariff as some of her more cultivated
'isters. The elements and powers of nature, and
the energy and enterprise of men in order to be
turned to account for the great uses of civilization,
must wait on capital. Unfortunately wo cannot
hold our own: we can keep neither our men nor our
money at home. Higher rates of interest for the
one, and quicker and larger returns for the other
win the game. The result is a double drain which
keeps all our channels low. This evil must be
remedied or Maine will have to wait a great while
for her coronation. What can be done it is not
easy to say specifically. We must look to the Na
tional Government to strike off some of our fetters
and lighten some of our burdens. To me it seems
unwise to cramp cur energies with duties and taxes
in trying to do everything iu one day. I have no
great pride against letting somebody elsehelp pay the
cost ot the war. The great debt of the country is a
boon which we must invite posterity to share, along
with the blessings which they will inherit with it.
We gave our strength, our blood, our tears; let the
delivered future bear a part at least in the thank
offering. If wo can do nnvthing that will make
labor, skill, talent and capital remunerative, that
let us do. People will eouie and will stay; money
will be kept and brought, if we can mauago to make
it pay. What we can do for money does not readily
appear. But we can look over the situation. As I
have said, higher rates of interest abroad lure our
money away. Money will seek the highest level
as sure ns water. Argument and entreaty will not
U lilt II IIIO VI'Uire II lUia lll\ A'lllVIV ■ in 14
ists are reluctant. Some scruple to receive no ille
gal rate and so refuse. Some stipulating for these
rates knowing that they cun only trust the honor of
the borrower for the continuance, want a better se
curity. But mortgages of real estate, which is
about all we have, carry a long right of redemption,
and the lender is liable to he kept three years out
of the money at merely tho low legal rate The
result is he will not accept even the mortgage, but
demands an outright deed, and then the borrower
must trust the honor of tho lender, which in turn
may not ho very valuable security.
Two things would undoubtedly tend to make
money more plenty. 1 To perfect ami make prac
ticable our free hanking law 2 To legalize high
er rates of interest. Of course the suggestion of
evils growing out of the latter proposal at unco
arises. But it may bo that the example of the (len
eral Government which compelled us to suspend
specie payments, may also compel us for a time to
recognize a rate of interest Corresponding with this
general practice and sanction.
Tho Commissioners on the State Valuation will
submit tho results of their labors for your action,
which will require y<*ur careful scrutiny and impar
tial judgment.
IXSTIlt riONS, REFORMATORY AND SANITARY.
The various institutions uuder tho earo of tho
State arc generally in a prosperous condition. Tho
Kef rm School shows excellent management. The
business is conducted with judgment and energy;
the discipline and care of the boys is wise and
kind; and although this is in some sense a prison
it is in the best sense a school. It is a greater
task than we might think to administer the aifairg
of such an institution with ontire success. We
! have every reason to be gratified with the present
rosults.
I trust we shall not lose sight of the proposition
so cordially noeivtd two yoars ago, to e-*tubli.-h an
Industrial School for girls. Such an institution
i would do much good, and save from vast evils.
The subject cannot but oominand tho sympathy of
1 ©rcry hutujtno aud ocusWcuta ma
So far as I can judge of the State Prison every
thing about it appears to be well managed. The
sum of $25,000 was placed last year in tho hands
of the Warden for a working capital. The experi
ment has proved successful.* The books show this
year an excess of earnings over expenses of $G8D.ll>,
which is a marked change in the balance of ac
counts. (treat circ i9 taken for the welfare and
improvement of the Convicts, and every thing is
done for tbeir good which the uaturo of the case
will permit.
I am constrained to say here, that the jail sys
tem in this State is far from being so satisfactory.
As I have said before, it is attended by evils which
are disastrous in the extreme, and I would respect
fully renew iny recommendation that you provide
some method to reach this matter.
The Executive Council have given particular at
tention to the condition of the deaf, dumb and
blthd, who are now sent to institutions out of the
State. Some matters of detail have been corrected
and improved, but upoh the whole the present
mode of caring for those unfortunates is approved
as tho best provision we could make.
The Hospital for the Insane is still crowded with
inmates. Applicants are awaiting the cm 'plction
of the new wing. This it will be necessary to pro
vide for. The building will then be architectu
rally complete, and tho institution :is large as
can be advantjgeously managed. The adjacent
lands on the s >uth have been purchased, and the
grounds ure now convenient and symmetrical. Cor
<juiu y uonucuiug mi uiui i*< ciiiiiiit'u i >r me
sincere efforts of these who have the manage
ment of the institution in charge, I still remain of
the opinion that we are somewhat short of perfec
tion in our methods, if not in our system of caring
for the insane. Cells and corridors and stone walls I
are dreary confines fur minds broken under the i
weight of real or fancied wrongs. It may be justi-!
fiod on the homoeopathic principle that the proper ;
medicine for a sick man is that which produces the i
same disease in a well one; for a brief treatment
of a sauo man in these crowded corridors would
very soon give him a title to stay there. I cannot
venture to point out (even were [ able) precisely
what should be done, but we inay reasonably expect
that those who are especially charged with this
responsibility, instead of troubling themselves too
much to defend what they do, should set them
selves to search out and correct the evils which
inevitably grow up in such institutions and think
it no confession of fault if they strive to improve
in every possible way their methods, instrumentali
ties. and even their system.
if l were to permit myself a suggestion it would
be that wo strive to make the Hospital less of a
prison and attend more to the healing influences ot !
Nature Let the inmates oomo in contact as much
as possible with that which is calm and free and i
' natural and sane. I think that the laying out of -
! the grounds on some artistic plan would afford salu
tary employment and recreation to many of the in- ;
i mates, and thus without much outlay by the Stare the
i place may be made attractive, and tho gloom which
pervades the atmosphere of such an Institution be
mitigated if not dispelled by the beauty and salu
brity of its surroundings.
For some reason which does not now clearly ap
pear the Insane Hospital is largely exempt from
that responsibility to the Executive Council which
affects other Institutions "of the State. The practi
cal effects of this appear in many ways, and have
not contributed to relieve the doubts which have
sometimes arisen in regard to the management of
the establishment. I would therefore recommend
that the hospital be placed under tjie same supervision
as other Institutions sustaining a similar relation to
the state.
ine trustees ol the Maize ueneral Hospital will
ask your aid. It is understood that generous priv
ate benefactions are ready to follow an appropriate
endowment by the State. This petition is emi
nently proper, and should be received with the most
favorable disposition.
EDUCATIONAL.
There is probably no branch of our public inter
ests where such improvement has beeu made as in
that of our common schools. Not that any striking
changes or brilliant results have as yet appeared;
but wnat I mean to s»y is, that we are set upou
right ways; that the faults, the wastes, and the
wants of our former practices have been brought out
and appropriate tncan9 have been set in motiou
which can scarcely fail to work salutary and perma
nent effects. We are seeking, not so much to change
the system, as to infuse life into it; so that the best
appliances, the best methods and the experience of
the best minds, can be extended to remote and hum
ble places; so that in an educational sense, we can
secure through every uook and corner of the State
the equal lights of nil.
It is moreover no exaggeration to say, that the
present is a new era in teaching. It is not a little
1 singular to find novelty in an art so old. Hut the
I spirit of our institutions, the demands of the times
, have neeescitatod aims, objects, and methods which
! render education altogether a different business from
what it was a generation ag". It no longer seeks
; to cram the mind with strange forms and aggrega
ted facts, without harmony, relation, life, or per
manence; it trow leaches the mind from the very
start to observe, compare, analyze, assimilate—to
master aud make its own;—in fact it is education—
the training, unfolding, leading and fashioning forth
of the mind. Teachers must uow have something
more than a good moral character—that and some
thing besides—they must demonstrate that they
have character at all. They can’t teach merely
what they have borrowed over night; but ouly that
which they have wrought out and made their own.
This tells on the young mind; gives it edge and
point, and in many ways tends to lit all, both
teacher and taught, to enter undismayed the arena
of these stirring and eveutful times. 1 think
the highest go»*l is flowing from our Normal
I Schools, and Institutes and Couuty Supervisor
; ships. They have caught the right spirit and
transfuse it. They are the meaus mainly by which
j the State is to bo reached aud brought within the
' better modes.
mat me people are uwatte in mis manor, n is
easy to see. They have raised over $800,000, this
past year, by direct taxation, and expended the
: total ciitu of $1,100,000 for the support of schools,
It remains for us to lake care, by all means iu our
power, tiiat such means are not wasted and such in
tentions foiled. We want, among other things, to
see that all have a fair chance; tiiat, for instance,
the Cost and changes and variety of books do not
put poor parents to distress to keep tho tne&us of
education within their childrens' reach.
1 feel that these are important matters, and have
thus spoken that we may understand the spirit iu
which we shall be called to act. We have wasted
a good deal of time and money hitherto; but
I believe we have now begun better things,
and that with the intelligence, good sense and
vigor now brought to boar on these interests, our
1 people will before long be satisfied with the re
sults of their generosity and oaie.
As to our College of Agriculture and Mechanical
Arts, although generous devotion to duty has
been manifest on tho part of all who are charged
with its immediate concerns, it yet fails to at
tain t > -juito the prosperity which we hoped,
and which I believe is still possible for it —
It is my duty to say that, so far as appears, there
are two principal causes of its present feeble uud
uncertain condition. 1st, Tho neglect of me
chanics and manufacturers and masters of the In
dustrial Arts, to assett their rights in the college.
‘2d, The deep-settled feeling on the part of many,
that the l cation is unfavorable. Tho existence of
theso two disadvantages it is worse than folly to
deny or, pass over with soft words. The truth is,
we must come to an understanding in the matter.
It is a pity to waste money and mind, even for the best
of motives, without hope of a successful end. The
$28,000 voted la«-t winter iu c. ndith n of a perfect
deed of the property to tho State, has fallen dead
through failure of the town to make tho full con
veyance. If wo arc all in earnest to have the 0ol
legc go on where It is, neither the Btate nor tho
town need insist much upon conditions. But if it is
the intention to remove the college, then it would
bo best not to expend more money there. I am un
able to give you tho least information or advice on
this point. But I am ready to assure you text un
less we keep in mind tue scope aui generous intent
of this institution, it will never greatly thrive. A
iarajeu' College ij a and wurttiy idcft) uui that
alone will not live ami move. There pre not boys
enough who mean to go hack to a farm after they
have got tinough the college. Farming is not
at present a business of that inviting sort in
Maine. But a school embracing all the ma
terial industries, teaching nor yonng men skill
in tho handicrafts which invite them to worthy
and profitable employment, training and nerv
ing them to strike a sure urui a good blow iu
tho manly rivalries of peace or war—?uch a school
in fact as hundreds of oar young men go out of
the State to seek, would not only live and flourish,
but would be n powerful and pre-eminent good.
Whether wo can make such a school of ours I do
not know; but such ad one we must have or out
money and our efforts will have been spent in vain.
The splendid volume published by the Historical
Society forming the first in the series of the Docu
mentary History of Maine authorised by the Legis
lature of lsf»7, which traces tho discovery of this
coast from tho Northmen iu 990 to tho Charter of
Gilbert iu l;'»7o, has doubtless been laid before you.
A volume quite as remarkable containing the
first publication of ;»n original maouscript of tho
ci-lchratcd Hakluyt in which he urges upon Queen
Elizabeth the vigorous prosecution of colonization
on this coast, is in course of preparation It is pro
posed to go • n with the history of tho actual occu
pation of this territory under the iufluei.ee and
efforts of Sir Ferdinando Gorges. These works are
a credit to the liberality of the State and the learn
ing of the society, and are attracting much atten
tion as valuable contributions to American History.
MILITARY.
Tlie question of an efficient anil economical
Militia system has been long agitated, but
still unsettled. For the last three years I
have given the matter much thought. You
will bear me witness that I have not shown a
disposition to exalt unduly the military cle
ment. to incur the expenses or abuse the pow
ers which the law places in the control of the
Executive. It is unsafe however to he with
out some military force at call in case of
need. The moderate suggestion was made
and adopted at the last session, of authorizing
ten companies of Infantry to he fully equip
ped by the State. The orders of the Depart
ment will show with what care and caution
the intent of the Legislature has been carried
out. Applications have been thoroughly con
sidered : companies have been accepted only
where the several localities appeared fully in
earnest to maintain them, and only those men
mustered, who upon rigorous examination
were found able to do full duty. The result
indicates the Wisdom of the statute. We have
now an incentive to military duty, and a
premium on good soldiership. It will be work
and not play, a school of discipline for manli
ness. Seven companies with an aggregate of
113 men have been accepted. The appro
priation intended to accompany the Act hav
ing been overlooked, no uniforms have as yet
been issued with the exception of overcoats
for the two Portland companies, which are
under orders to appear on duty. We can the
better afford to expend money judiciously,
because we have not expended any foolishly.
These companies were not to be organized as
a regiment. That especially I wished to
avoid. 1st. They extend over too much
space to be best handled in that way. 2. The
rank of Colonel would be too low for the ac
tual command of our whole effective force.
6. I Ins owin' being elective, the personal
and local rivalries that would ensue would be
harmful to good discipline. 4. It was the
pith of the whole plan to have these compan
ies independent corps, responsible only to the
Commander-in-Chiof, and capable by the char
acter of the men. their military knowledge,
spirit and discipline, of being expanded into
regiments and even brigades at very short
notice, with officers all ready competent and
understanding. This l am satisfied is the
right way tor us, and at a trifling expense we
may have a body of soldiers which might well
be a pride and example as well as a defence
to the State. Our present Militia I.aw is a
good one and sufficient for all exigencies, and
need not be touched.
A large lot of material accumulated in the
Arsenals, and practically worthless to tho
State, has been very advantageously sold
under the direction of a committee of the
Council, and the proceeds, $2,364.61, paid into
the Treasury.
The State Pension Law has been adminis
tered with much care. The whole number
of applications tor I8C9 is 772. Of these 635
have been allowed at various rates. The
whole amount expended to date is #24,562.
The pension year ends somewhat awkwardly
on the 23d of February, which constantly ren
ders a complete report to the Legislature
impossible. It would be better to make the
pension account end with the year. It is esti
mated that some 50 claims more will be presen
ted and allowed, rendering the whole number of
pensions some 700, and swelling the amount
paid for the full year to about $35,000. These
figures we may now regard as about the set
tled amounts of our liabilities on the score of
pensions. The law and its application is now so
well understood that few but meritorious eases
will apply, and these, it may lie presumed, are
now nearly all in. It will he seen that the
amounts received by the pensioners fall very
far short of the maximum allowed by law,
viz. $96 each. The average is now very
nearly $50. The appropriation being limited,
we are. of course, anxious to keep within the
amount ; wmie tne applicants are so many
that to render aid to all. the sum allowed to
each must necessarily he small, and some
have to be sent away empty, and perhaps
rather summarily. You will doubtless continue
this aid. It seems indeed pitifully small, com
pared with the great gift these widows and
orphans and wounded men have made to the
nation in her hour of peril. This pittance
does not restore health, nor the son, or hus
band, or father. The guide of youth and the
stay of age is smitten from their sight. The
best we can do is poor—the most we t an give
is little. That at any rate we should do and
should give. The cost of the Pension office
will be 82.100 for the year. Perhaps some
saving might he made and some other advan
tages secured by placing this business in the
Adjutant General’s office. The ordinary
duties of that office will naturally be less as
we gradually settle up the accounts of the
war. One disadvantage would be obviated
—the changing of hands each year. In all
doubtful or disputed eases as now, appeal
might still be had to the Governor.
The Hoard of Guardians of destitute or
phans of soldiers and sailors have used such
dilligence as they could in fulfilling their
trust. The dunes of this Hoard are varied
and wide. Be-hles receiving applications
they have to se arch out eases, visiting distant
places for the personal inspection of reported
destitution, and sometimes assuming the en
tire care of the homeless and unprotected.
The result has shown many bereaved families
and much suffering. . The number of or
phans now on jttr list is 2,270. Of these,
1,200 have more or less been aided. Sixty
have been absolutely taken into our care, and
most of them placed in those beneficent In
stitutions which arc well called Homes. Tbo
Orphan Asylum, at Bangor, has received 25.
and the amount paid for their support thns far
is 81.000. This Institution is not primarily
devoted to orphans of this class. But the
i broad and tender charity that preside* <mu
(Oom'yiUml on Fourth frim.}