Indiana State sentinel. [volume], June 18, 1845, Image 2

About Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1845-1851

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THE STATE SENTINEL.
SIHII-WCKKLY.
r.TFHL VIGIHSCE I THE PRICE OF LI DF.RTT.
I3IIAIVlOL,I5, ji'm: IS, 1SI3.
For Congress, Fifth District.
WILLIAM W. WICK.
STATE S EX TINE E IV EEXC LV.
This week's number closes the Fourth Vol
ume of the Week if. V State Sentinel, and
another, of course, coriinAcnccs the Fifth.
Wc shall then change the principal head for
one occupying less pacc, by Which wc shall
gain room for ftcVr matter. Our arrange
ments will be very favorable to new subscri
bers, giving ihctn a much larger amount of
reading matter for the same money than can
be obtained in any other paper in this State.
Wc hope our friends throughout the State
will continue their subscriptions, and aid us
as much as they can in obtaining new brics.
Grateful for such favors, we shall always en
deavor to repay them by increased energy,
enterprise and improvement. Oür ambition
has chiefly beeil to establish at Hie Capital
of Indiana, a newspaper of a respectable and
useful character. Wc may have fallen short
in our aim, but we have done all that our
means would permit to accomplish it. The
people generally, and particularly the Dem
ocratic party, its eminent members cspccial-
lv, ought to feel some interest in this matter,
and wc trust will do all in their power to did
us.
To Advertisers;
It will be ot interest to öür subscribers,
advertisers and thc public generally, to know
that all advertisements for the Semi-Weekly,
will appear at leat once in thc Weekly
Sentinel. This ives them a larger circula
tion than can be obtained in any other paper
in thc State.
(cpThc story, brought to .ur notice a dny or two
ince, that f jtne ether pa pot irithis place has a larger
circulation than the State Sentinel, we have hereto
fore been unwilling to notice; and because we doubt
ed if any could be so deceived. To be sure, a notice
to that e tit et iiartntly, has been puMihed ; but he
must be stift. indeed, who cannot see thc big hole left
to crawl out. It was an Lad as a lie, however, be
cause intended to deceive; Thc Sentinel has thc lar
gest, and the Journal thc next largest list, in the
place.
ATTESTIOX !
For the especial benefit of their whig friends, and
to meet the wishes of their Democratic brethren, wc
arc authorized t ny th?t 3To?r. Wrnnr.n and Wil
son will "hold forth" on WEDNESDAY NEXT,
June .")tli, at j-rtcistly 10 o'clock, A. M., at the
Court House in Indianapolis when nnd where they
will present their views for the consideration f all
iKsjx?ed to hear them. There may le other candi
dates present, who will, if time allows, address their
fellow citizen.
We have a word to say : Our candidates are punc
tual i'M. Therefore, all vli desire to hear all that
may be said, will d well to be on thc spot precisely
at thc hour. The whig candidates arc als j invited to
be present, and t address the meeting.
Let none forget such n rcat.
Madison ami Iiidi:ni:ioli ICailroari.
The President of the Kail IJad has furninhed the
Madison Danner with thc following abstract of btii
itess d"iic on thc ad during thc months of March,
April and .May last. It should be mentioned that
these months are the busiest with farmers, and when
perhaps less than the average amount of business is
done. Notwithstanding this, the road is increasing
every day in its business and in popular favor.
Pa senders on the roiitu in ward Through 7W, Way
1011. KtTfipt from irmard pfn.xenjrrr. ltCl IK.
Inward freight oil hhU Ihirnn, ift,H77 llacon in
l,ulk,.JIl bbl I orlt ami MM, .Ml) kcßi ol hard, 1
hhl flour, 11,5 bti-l.rU of h.:at, 7111') ot Crn, r!3
. . m b a ft m ft . ft ma 1 tt 1
Kruit, 151) Fhxml,V.'.,907 lbs Fucniturr, Äc, 22.-WT
l!n Tt.hacct, :'-,n;:t lln llt-mp, 4'.H U I t athrrs. l'.l.ooU
lbs llidts rnd l.-ittbtr, UMl.r, Ibt un-jMcintt! (rt iglit,
3')"j,bv0 ft fawn Timb r, 7, ton f Hay, nbout ttn ton
fother artirlt-s, nrai I 10 cord f Woud for wliich the
toll chared nmountcd ti ."I'i 12"
Tin? Through p iMi nn r it outw.ird during tlio Mine pe
riod, nunibtTt d '."( ; lul thu full number of Wny pns-ii-gcr
uutwiird, n well im that of the war freight, can only
b ascertained Imtn tho hmtk at Cdumhu4. The out
ward frriglit nt.trtt'd Irntn Madion, Imwevt r, conmnling
of Dry (lond, (r crif' Iron, nnd vnrinm articled, dur
ins the month of Mnrrli, omouutrd to tnn 130() lbs
in April, 3:W ton- 5iH) bn in May, Ilr-I ton H00 lb-:
briidrs 00 tons Uailrnod fron, und more than that
nmunt of timber tor tho repair or . coSntructimi of t.'io
Koud. The nctuul rrcripM Irom toll- ntnount to $11 400
or $:ioOU moro than wot received last yior in tho naino
ninnlhx.
The uvrragft ,ffijht lur cuxtom lim been 30 torn, pa--cnjjT4
TiO, and ritt-ipt U prr day.
The amount rf Ihtcnri, lnrk, At, In- than half that
of la-t rar; but mont nihrr, article have largely in
crrncd. The increased di-tacce milr. The pm
enger ear hae for alMit n wrrk' f mefi in ilea north nf (
liunhii, and heforn tin rnd of Imj month, ifl'e trnfn will
run to r.diiihurjch', on II mih (ifintw ruuo, inaklng tho
winde dmtancu Trfi mile frnin Midianrf. ,
Thn grading nnd brinfciiitf of the thirty niTfca rrorn Td
inburgli to Indiwj'poli, have liern put und-r cuitrnrt on
fivorutdn term-, nrjd ther cm li ui-.ntcr.ly a doubl but
hrforo two jt an tno road will bo completed (lie wholü
distance. M.
A letter from Philadelphia give fts the informnti)ii
that thc 11. 11. Company have ponitively obtained
S:i.",(i(t() from New York cnpitalist?, nnd .Sl.r),(K!0
from Philadelphia -making the round ktmi i-f
in cash. The company, we understand hove nl
o obtained Ä-'U,tMH in ca-h nnd 'JH.tMMI in land,
from other sources. So that it now seems certain
that the grading and bridging of the whole road will
be completed in nbout one year. This U go d news
fjf Central Indiana.'
Hail llo:il Dlrrrlors.
There will be a meeting of the Stockholder of the Madi
on aad Ii.daoajh lUilru.ul, at the office of Si ton V.
No art-, Albini itreet, on Satunby, June 21, for the pur
pose of norninitin t tn lidites fcr Ducctarscf the ll-iil K ad
Company, tv be chosen on the 23th init. at Cohimbui. A
full attendance is rcjuettd.
The Iistcni 31ails.
Why is it, that wc get news from New York,
through the Tri-wrckly papers of Columbus, Ohio,
generally about a rcrek later than we get thc same
news direct from the daily papers of New York ?
There is something very mysteriotVs in this, and wc
can account for it in r' other1 vay than by supposing
that the mail bogs are en tiered to remain m the Co
lumbus, Oiiio, post otficc, until it is com ri?tht to ni
iort and send them on. Wc have sulfcred' the inllic-
tion of this evil until we have become impatient. It
ouht to be remedied.
The Journal of Commerce
And N. Y. Morning News still continue to arrive
about one week after they rird due. It would be for
their own interest to attend to thc matter.
07-The ship Muskingum," built at Marietta, on
the Ohio, and which floated down that river come
weeks since, has safely arrived at Liverpool, Eng
hnd. Her arrival was regarded w ith much interest
there.
The Difference.
Wc are willing to accord to tlie Whigs of Indiana
strict justice on the Native American question.
While in the East, at Boston, Philadelphia, New
York and New Orleans, to say nothing of smaller ci
ties and towns, that party in their desperation united
with the miserable faction for the sole purpose of
getting into office and power, the whigs of Indiana
invariably denied the "soft impeachment," and "re
pudiated" the doctrine as a party. Yet as a compo
nent part of that party, they rejoiced over the victo
ries of the illegitimates with "exceeding great joy,
claiming them as their own as a "terrible defeat
1 . " nf tlin llninnroti tirtl7 I lfV VVPTP .
.... , , ;
willing to "riue ine ience, Kceniy anxious iu astu-
. . . ... v. c . r
.lirtlnl n rmhiiM 1.1 Im ft IlLrO HQ fill! A Il'W OI .
Willi HIH-Ulll iu Wllliim-, ... ....v,, I
.i.- wi r t.. ws,;t th result, i
wit; iiti.a'ui-iiuuiiii" uuuvi nii-j -v' .. - '
when Indiana, with her hardy and industrious natur-.
, i ii. ii i
a izcd population would be unable to turn the scale,
Their hopes and their fears are alike blasted. Hence
.
we cannot give them credit for honesty, either then or
now. The sensible people of the country have frown
ed down the miserable faction. The whigs of the
West then, as now, were acting the demagogue to our
naturalized citizens. Had the Native American party
in the east been successful, western whigs would have
followed their eastern brethren, and thrown themselves
into that foul embrace. In. the cat, they are scat
tered to the four winds of heaven. In the west, a
different course must be pursued. Now, thc pretend
to be, par excellence, the exclusive friends of the fo
reigner. So much go, indeed, that they flatter them
selves to be able to elect a candidate of that stripe in
at least one district, by a barefaced attempt to im
pose üpori the honest naturalized citizens, a renegade.
Let the voters of the Second District, especially na
turalized Irishmen, read the following front one of
the Native American Organs, and if they don't give
Roger Martin leave to go "back to his hole," then
we much mistake tlicir good scno.
"Back to your holes, ye slimy; ftinking reptiles!
We verily begin to think from the myriads of ver
min, that arc infesting our land, that St. Patrick has
been committing another miracle iii the 'swate land'
of bothcrinrr blunderers driving out the vermis."
A Minder Trial.
William Jackson was recently tried in thc Dearborn
Circuit Court on thc charge of murdering Merritt
Scoggin. The evidence, which was altogether cir
cuuistancial, bore strongly against the accused, hut
the Jury, nevertheless returned a verdict of not guilty, i Tresident Polk, as to thc annexation of the one and
This result appears to be very unsatisfactory, if we rlglit to thc other; showed from thc Journals of
ran judge by thc tone of the pa-rs in thc vicinity, j Cungrcsft thjit when a proposition was made to give
The Uwrcnccburgh Register, for instance, says ! England a year's notice, according to treaty stipula
"Wo feel fiee to say that wc subscribe" to the ' tion, as to orr rights, that every Whig voted against
general opinion that Jackson did commit thnt ni"?t us in the Senate of the United States; thereby de
foul and atrocious murder, and wc mourn over the featin" thc measure and sufferin" Kurland to go on
melancholy fact that through a disgraceful timidity tmtjl t,JC broad j thal
on thc part of the Jury, a ruthless assassin is ngam . , . h ,' ,' , .1 1
let hose u,Kn society, emboldened in villainy by his j t,ic w.ud of Oregon is her., and by the praccof Cod
successful evasion of the stroke of the hw in this , she intends to maintain it ; a!sc, that when the prop
instance.
Wc understand from a reliable source, that Judiro
1 11 1 . e .1 1 1. 1 I
vusuiuir was wen tsait-ieu ui 1 in: uric imam .iiu
, , " , . i . 1 l, ..rr.i ,1
and his almost certain conviction, nnd was nMptinnYn,
as was evety body else, at thc rendition of thc
verdict. M
For our part, wc can mo no reason for such harsh
imputations against the Jury. They merely acted in
accordance with thc maxim, that the nccu.-d sdiall
have thc benefit of every doubt; and s.ich is the great and
increasing antipathy against the punishment of death,
that we do not wonder that juries are predisposed to
regard the -slightest discrepancies, as doubts in the
meaning of thc law. Let us make the hw what it
ought to bo let us imjose penult iesuch as can be
sanctioned by the enlightened, philanthropic, and
humane, ami u vhall no hinder have reason to hnd
fault with juries because they cannot conscientiously
itiilict the punishment.
Ohio Sum Kutan.
Wc cannot do justice to our ovu feeling, nnd pap
over a compliment like tlie following, evrn though it
tmy subject us to the charge, perhaps, of egotism and
a love of flattery. But the high character of tho
Ohio Statksman, tlie long-continMcd nnd energetic
labors of its talented editor, his firmness nnd unsus
pected honesty in thc .same canst to which our hum
ble cllorts hive been devoted in a hs extended sphere,
render it of high value. Next to a l.:rje list of ad
vertisers nnd paying t-ubr'-ribers, nothing cheers on
ad more encourages an dit..r than a knowledge that
, . . , ,, , , . ,
s mwirs infwrer i.uumie, uae ueeu nppreciaieu
Our friend of the Statesman, we trust, will not be
disappointed in hi? expectation of u loud er w in Au
gust next. It shall not bo our fault, if he is, nt nil
u,,r ,i,,m' " Ul 7'
able in all uu;,rtura. e
events. The sitrn.s are favor
hhall have to buy our next ne.V suit.
INDIANA STATIC SlvNTlNHL.
Chapman the real crowing Chapman from the
Ifooicf Stnto now publishes tlie Indiana Stnte Sen
tinel twice a week. While published but once in He
ven dayr, the Sentinel as nu excellent paper of
courc, ad a scnii-wcekly, it i twice tii good now.
J!y tuts bye, Mr. Sentinel, wo expert to hear ore of
your loudest crows over your August election ; nnd
the wny the Statesman will rctuffi It, fwer regenerat
ed Ohio, will bo death to coonery.
Otiti ill ore
Wo would request the County Clerk to stM current
money with otray notices ; otherwise we must re
turn' it at theif 6xpense. Subject to pay double pot
agr, then GO per cent, discount on a one dollar bill,
is cutting a little ton clone. We hop? attention to
thtsi' matter will be paid by those in red dog -tedious.
Möre TrortMe.
Dr. A. C. SVvcnson, F.x-Spcaker of the hist Legis
lature, rcfusr to accept the nomination of the Put
nam County whigA, or rather a joi timi of them, who
desired to kill him oil and vV:h Mctiatfghey to Con
ureKs by getting him to run for the Legislature.
Couldn't they get Doctor Hums to run ! It might ben
efit Us, should he Im elected !
0y"There is a great ileal of billing and cooing be
tweert the whig candidates for Congre-s in the 1Mb
and HUh districts, and the aliolitionistH. Tlie aboli
tionists Fecm rather shy; but the whig candidates
poresverc in their blandishment, as they know tho
necessity there is of tltt ir getting abolition votes to
secure their election.
frThe U. S. Journal" says that there are more
than twenty printers who are performing the duties of
clerks in the Departments at Washington, nnd that
they are equal, if not operier, to others who had the
advantages of a collegiate education. We have no
doubt abort it. Half the college fledriii"3 don't
know a comma from the llukc oi an anchor.
ArT"bc Democratic Kcview for June is rich y
, , ,.r .
aden, as UMiial, Willi excellent articles. We would
. ......
all attention to one on thesuttject of Oregon : which
J " ' .
1
call
We commence republishing this week.
The llevicw
will be further noticed hereafter.
It is stated that the defalcation of McNultv hai
been covered by a draft presented to Mr. Woodward,
of Mt. Vernon, Ohio, and accepted by the Govern
ment. A nolle will bo entered, it is said, upon thc
criminal prosecution.
Elliott, the I'ritish Anti-Texas Emissary, was
robbed on his journey to the city of Mexico. All ha
papers ; his money and clothes were taken, and he
was left with nothing but his shirt. It is supposed
that the government of .Mexico is in league with thee'e
robbers.
.llcM'tiup .of the Whig mid Democratic
Candidates Tor llepre.sciitalivcs for
Marion County, at the II road Ripple,
in Washington Township the Whig
Champion, Doctor Evnu, Imcltcd out
oil the Oregon question, Ac. Ac.
Uroad KirrLE, June 10, 18-15.
Last Saturday was a great day for this village.
Messrs. Webber and Wilson, the Democratic candi
dates for Representatives, who had been canvassing
this township, where Doctor Evans, one of the Whig
candidates, resides, during the poft week, had an ap
pointment to address the people on that day, to which
the Whig candidates were particularly invited to at-
4iw9 A nfkA.illnivlif- nl ftift o rw v I Ii t f.l Ii.iiw . 1 n . . -
. ... O J ' . II to
number of Whigs and Democrats assembled
, ,. - . . r
commodious new merchant mill ot Messrs
.'
1 11 . i . . ,..i.,. ,
anJ urk Just about &olnS into operation in this pli
. , .
ground, and every thing betokened a regular set-to or
......
lllr IINIiri'llII 11 L tJl lHLL'llt.T:LUUl BLlt:il'LII. HIT. t'llINT
measurement of intellectual strength. Mr. Webber
opened the discussion, and, in ä masterly manner,
spoke for a considerable length of time, in relation
to subjects of State policy, in which he exhibited a
thorough knowledge of the present and past condition
of the State the etforts of the Democratic party and
press to arrest the ruinous effects of carrying on all
our improvements at once, by a timely classification ;
thc failure of their efforts and the consequent embar
rassment of the State, without the completion of any
of our puübÜc works, &c. He spoke of thd efforts
now making, by the joint action of the two great po
litical parties, to restore the public credit, and prom
ised his hearty co-operation in any plan that might
produce sb 'desirable a result, let it proceed from a
Whig or Democrat. He spoke of a suggestion of
Mr. Owen, who has recently done more towards in
spiring confidence to our bondholders than any other
individual in the State', as worthy oi the most sincere
consideration. He then defended the Senate of Indi
ana for putting off the Senatorial election showed
how the State had been gerrymandered by the Whigs,
at thc memorable session of IS 10-1, to meet the elec
tion of two United States Senators ; gave a number
cf Whig precedents in other States to show that it
was not a novel proceeding, and then proceeded to
the important questions now before thc nation, which
arc directly involved in the election of a Senator;
rhowed, that in relation to Oregon and Texas a direct
issue was made in Indiana and throughout the Union
by the Democratic party, previous to thc election of
osition was before thc last Congrers, which had pass
ed the Democratic House of Representatives. to ex-
, , . , . r r
tend our laws over that territory for the protection ot
j 1
j the thousands of Americans that arc alrer.ly there
and thc six thousand others, men women mid c!iil-
' drcn, that arc now climbing the Ilocky mountains, on
their journey to that desired countrvj crery Whig in
the Senate again voted against the measure ; and, in
j conclusion, said, that a crisis had now arrived, when
j wc must cither basely desert our Democratic Trcsi-
1 dent, who has taken the ground that our right to the
! country is clear and indisputable, or wc must otand
; !' lim nt every hazard. Tn exhibit the feelings of
j the Whig Senators in Congress he read extracts from
j their speeches, showing their willingness to give up
, Iho whole of thc country ; urging that our limits were
j already too large, and wc might have difficulty with
Kngland, if wc stood up for our rights. During this
portion of his speech he brenne much excited. Near
ly nil present entered into his feelings, and old grey
headed men exhibited, in the kindling eye nnd deter
mined countenance th:'t the fins of the revolution had
not all gone out. He referred to the glory of our tars
upon the ocean, although John Quincy Adams had
once tauntingly aid, that our navy consisted of only
a few frigates, with bits of striped hunting floating at
their fnast-lieads ; of our victories on the Lakes; of
the bravery .f our oldie rs at the Thnmes, at itaisin,
at Erie, nnd tho imperishable laurels won upon the
field of New Orleans, dosing thu second war of In
dependence in a bla.e of gloiy.
When INI r. Webber had concluded, Doctor Evans
was called on for a speech, who declined ; statin"
r
that he was not then prepared to refute the arguments
I advanced by Mr. Webber. .Air. Wilson then address-
, Ui(, H,I)(lf jn ft swh ((f t,)Msi(,t.raMetlet.mh, con-
fuiing himself, principally, to epilations f State joli
cy. The crowd were then about to disperse when
Mr. llolton wan requested by some gentlemen who
had ntk'iidid a meeting in Indiannjiolis, in relation to
tho death of (Jen. Jackson, to invito the co-operation
of the citizens of Washington township in paying
appropriate honors to the memory of the hero, patri
ot, statesman and Christian of the Hermitage which
ho complied with in a hhort and appropriate speech.
The meeting now began to disperse when Doctor
Evan; summoning the whole resolution of which he
wan capable, inh"rmrd tho pupfe, tfiut another period j
during the canviiKi he would answer Mr. WebUr'
arguments cVfi tho Oregon (mention. Ho said the De
mocratic oliey contended fur by Mr. Webber, would
involve this country inn war with Lngland. A .'"0
tiation ought to be had between thu two ro.mtrics, to
nrreit tho evils that might ensue. He wan orry that
Nafionaf ipietions had been brought into tho cuuvasu,
although Mr. Wcblier had brought forward the Indi
ana Journal to show, that the ipientions of National
interest he had discussed had Ikm'ii forced ujhh him
by tho Whig p'irty,' an'l ipioted that grillt, which is
considered tho Whig organ of Inddina, to show, that
its editor in ellect was willing to give tip our claims
to Oregon altogether.
Doctor Evn its is Faid to b of Quaker descent, and
there are torne hundrtd and fifty Quakers in JWarion
county; some of whom are about to fly olf from the
Whigs and supjMrt the Abolition candidates; and, in
order to eivo there Quaker Alxditionistn, Dr. Evans,
in answer to .Mr. Webber, is to hold up thu evil of
war in all its horrors,' und the danger of coming in
conllict with all-powerful Enghnd ; hois to be con
sidered by the Cttakers as the peace candidate, al
though there is the least danger imaginable of En"
land going to war with America. President Polk has
never opposed nn amicable arrangement with Eng
land. Put he has had the nerve plainly to tell John
Pull that Oregon i ours, and, until thc J itter prcVcs
to the contrary, he is lund to maintain our right;
and the question is, phall we, as American! citizens,
1 . Ti -i 1 n
stand by our President! Doc
1 4 .,. 1 ,x
tvet, is non-committal. Oreg
' if .. . , ;,.. ,
ourn. He wants to m hi träte l
octor Evans, on this sub-
gon may or may not be
the question, and Pome
twenty years hence, when England has completely
'jrtilicd herself on the Pacific, and monopolized every
' "'trt question may be decided that, in the Ian-
1 guK (,f Wlii?? Senators in Congress, thc country of
Oregon is not worth troubling ourselves about.
When Dr. Evans, had finished his remarks, Mr.
Webber proposed for himself and Mr. Wilson that
the Democratic and Whig candidates should canvass
the county together, under regulationi equally fair to
both parties allowing an equal length of time for
! the can lidatcs on each side to address thc people.
j This arrangement Doctor Evans declined, until he
j should consult Mr. Harris, who, he said would take
j j,art jn tjlC canvass, and w ho was not in the room at
the time ; having, at an early period left the build
ing, being occasionally in the distance discernible,
looking very high, as if watching for a deer in the'
adjacent woods. So the matter rests, both sides ope-
rating on their own hook, for the present.
Stubbing -runny Proceedings.
On Sunday last, a man, whose name we have not
learned, was arrested by Marshal Norwood, on com
plaint for drunkenness and beating and stabbing his
wifrf with a fork. The Marshal took him before Mr.
Lew, President of the Common Council, Mayor, and
Justice of the Peace, who discharged him ! as we
understoou, oecause no complaint was lodged in writ-
else. But why was not summonses issued immedi
ately, when it was well known that the witnesses
were at hand, to compel their attendance ! These
matters must be examined into at once; for Ulis is
not the iTst instance where, as vre understand, cul
prits have been discharged. Of what use is it for the
jlfirsliai to arrest violators 01 xne laws ana disturbers
of the peace, if no form exists whereby they may be
convicted 1 We have hot the least ill feeling toward
the worthy magistrate ; and we have said this much
that he may see that some mode may be adopted to
bring scoundrels to justice. It is demanded by the
public.
A Good Idea;
We have noticed a subscription paper of a combany
of Young Men. who are soliciting some assistance
from our citizens, for the purpose of forming a
TiiEsriA?f Society. Considering how limited are
the opportunities for the yoüng men; apprentices, &c.
of our town to combine amusement and instruction,
we are highly pleased with this move ; and we do
hope tlie liberality of our citizens will not be appealed
to in vain on the occasion. How much better is such
a place, than strolling about the streets with a huge
ciar stdck iit the cheek ! Or loitering about Grocc-
ries, till, if not induced to drink, becoming next to
besotted with tlie fumes of rüm and tobacco ! Or
worse etill, led by youthful curiosity, hanging about
thc Steam Mill ("Juard, watchirg with intense anxiety
the interesting game of 41 Old Sledge !' their cars,
at first shocked, becoming by degree's familiarized
with obscene and blasphemous language ! till thc
greasy deck next appears spread before themselves ! !
We say, encourage their proposed enterprise. They
arc then under our eyes ; and by due encouragement
a ppirit of emulation will arise which, wc doubt not,
will prove beneficial to community at large.
Awnings.
We are glad to rec f"o many new awnings ptit up.
They should be more general, nnd ought to cover the
whole side walk. We advise thc ladies to give those
stores thc preference, which have awnings, for several
reasons which will suggest thcnsclves.
The l ire in Quebec.
Thc loss of property by this terrible conflagration
is estimated at two to three millions of dollars; but
this is far from indicating thc amount of human Fiif
fering caused by it. The pajiers say that no less than
1200 people are left houseless, and that as many as
one hundred lives were lost. The buildings were
mostly of wood and the district compactly built. The
fire Fprcad with such rapidity and fury, that thc sick
and helpless could not be saved. It id supposed that
not less than one hundred perished. This is a terri
ble calamity.
Mok.mon Tkiai.s. The trials at Carthage, 111., of
the persons charged with tho murder of Jo. Smith,
have resulted in their acuuital. It is stated that the
perjury of three of the Jlormon withcercs was palpa
ble, so much so, that tlie prosecuting attorney, in his
opening niocch, aked the. jury to pay no attention
whatever to their testimony that it was rank perju
ry from beginning to end as such, he wanted it
thrown out of tlie case entirely, and thc witnesses
handed over to perdition. He also expressed a wil
lingness to stop all further proceedings against two
of tho defendants Captains Davis and (I rover who
were most implicated in the transaction by these pef-
jured witnesses there being nothing proved against
them by thc credible portion of the witnesses ; they
however declined the proflcr, preferring to await the
decision of the jury. The accused were bound over
for trill on another indictment for the alleged murder
of Jlirum Smith.
0 VIt is stated that the Supremo Court of New
York, at its last term, decided that the (icncral Pank
ing Law, ho far as it authorizes associations for car
rying on thc business of banking, is unconstitutional
and void ! The Albany Atlas thinks that this deci
sion comes rather late in thc dny, after thc law has
been in force seven years, and just us thc present con
stitution of the State is to bo superceded by a new
one. Thu question, we suppose, will bo carried to
the Court of Errors for decision.
New I.MrKovr.MKNT. Mr. Coleman of New York
has ih'vcnM a locomotive t hfcinö which ascends ill
cli'ned planes with facility. Tho newspapers speak
of it in term of approbation It consita of a screw
under the engine, operating on a et of cogs, which
form a third rail placed midWay lit ween the other
two. It is loth simple and ingchioui. Thc attach
ment is elevated alovo the level of the driving wheel,
and does not interfere with the running of the engine
on the level portion of the rond.
It in announced in tho Alton Telegraph, by one
just returned from Lexington, Ky., that the domestic
affection, of the distinguished Hatesfinin Henry ('lay,
have lately been greatly ndded to, by his youngest
son's becoming deranged. This is th second son that
is now an Jiniuate of the Lunatic Asylum; and we
deeply uyiripathin with Mr. (May and his wife in
this the hour of their distress We are also informed
from the same source, that Mr. Clay has become a
communicant iu the Episcopal Church in Lexington.
In the consolation of the religion ho has embraced,
may he find the means of reconciliation to those
domestic afflictions wliich aro beyond his control.
A Pnr.NoMr.NoN. The New Orleans Republican
says : "The only place in the world where there are
contracts made and broken, and regular courts, and
judges and litigants, but mi lawyers, is at the lializc
in the Uritish settlement of Honduras 'fo says Ste
vens iu his Central America. A jury is empanelled ;
the parties state the case, and if not satisfied with
the verdict an appeal lies to the Crown, in council ;
but Mr. Stevens wns assured that only one case had
heen carried up m twenty-two years
Thc Frederick, Md., Examiner says : 41 the rain of
last week has given an additional' tinge to the deep
vfrdurc of our fertile farms. The prospect of a
Wheat crop has never been more flattering,' but wc
understand that the Rye U generally thin and com
paratively unpromising."
, t 1 ; ....
Thc Richmond Enmitfer " states, that the harvest
of thc early wheat has commenced in Virginia witli
better prospects of a crop than were sometime since
anticipated.
Thc Providence Journal says that orders have been
received at Newport to mount the guns at Fort
Adams.
If any young man would win to himself thc hearts
of the wise, and brave, and is ambitious of being the
guide ahirieader of them, let him be assured that his
virtue will give him jiower, and power will consoli
date and maintain' his. virtue.
t. ' . . . v . .i '.. . . . i i- i I 11 'nrA ni t inn iitA tYiirreft ant' i nriiil i rt inn in nnV
4. ' injr. it seems 10 us a sirangc proceeding, io say me l many persons until men neneving u 10 ue ianu- j j v
tt 1 least. The man deserved arrest tor his drunkenness , lous. ine name, However, reinaniru, ana is now noi r-- . r- c ,
. Kocntz( ;rr !ol;lvanoilP(1 to thc countrv from which its waters ore San Francisco and Trince illiam s Sound. .
ice. unu V1IB "SB 'Ü4Ü 1113 "u"ur 11 lur n"l"lIr ! '"a w na .1. n.m nf H.P river i.if. i. Arriving at Nootka, the Spanish commanders Iand-
From the Democratic Review for June.
The Oregon Question.
The Oregon is a tract of country on the western
Slde l ine new worm principally aiereci uy ine ri-
vcr Oregon, or Columbia, and its tributaries. It ex
tends from 42 degrees of north latitude, to 54 degrees
and 40 minutes, and from the Pacific eastward, five or
six hundred miles, to the ridges of the Rocky or Ore
gon mountains. The name is taken from the river
which, long before its actual discovery, had been sup
posed to exist beyond the mountains, and which was
first called the Uregon, by Jonathan Carver, ot Con-
i1' "'l0 travelled in the interior of the continent
ventcJ jt him8elff it is impossible, at the present day, I
,n determine. The stream was not actually seen till
"Married to immortal verse,'
in
'The continuous woods
Where rolls the Oregon, and hears no sound,
Save his own dashings."
This country is traversed by ridges cf lofty moun-
hin. Thn Ki.nrP nrn bold nhd hi.rh : in many narts
mountains rising immediately from the sea. Up to
tl.o dtl, turn Hol tl.Prn nrn Inlets, nr islands, hut
furthcr north üiere are thousands of islands, and a net-
u-nrb of hnvs nnd nnnitKnl.is. The vallfvs nf thf in I
inrinr 9rn rrpnprolir r!.rr..w. Thi rdihmtn w ntilrlnf
vs... v.. -..v J - I
nnd drinr hir mnnV don-rn thin nn thp Atlanta idn
n m um lnt ti., o. fifth tin 1 ditrornnt rniint
O .
hnv-P t.een criven Rnmn renrPSfntinrr it na frtilp. und
öthers of as little value. The most valuable portion
pf it undoubtedly lies south of the river, though by
far the best part of the territory, for its harbors and
maritime. R.fvantatrps lies uromid the strait of Fuca.
To ns. rniltniT nmeer nn thp P:.pifirv h pp nrp
bw.w.v., , '
invaluable. imon Fräser, who
Until within I few years, there have been but scan- at a sma11 lakei int üie4.11? V111 of ialituJp- N
v .(lonjonia . t, tin. tet ..,.1 ,n;c.;n.,ptf ther he nor any otlicr IJritish subicqt saw any of the
stations. But the tide ,of American emigration has
IntoW s4.t in thnt dlrnrtinn nnd MthJn h.,t Bnmo fn J
tal misstep, on oür part; con prevent" its habitable
nrtlnn. Knln n,,nniI In rC K,r n
trymcn, and JT vast trade thence carried on over all
the Pacific.
Ti.i rnnntrir wrlnimed hv Amori Unnin
nrpl.u'U.nW t. i.pr vchWa VrinUnA nU nnt ,r.
elusive riJht in anv nart of it. but a fi-ht to occunv
and settle t. in common with America and other na-
t,c
' 1
The discussion between the two governments has
irrown into nn nnnrrv nun : nnd f wn were to ndm
by the late declarations of the English ministry; JtllC
r..miiw m nrlitr.mp.it h..t thn Tnf,1. ft i dif?.,lt
"- 'AvawftaN.aft, kvav J--vt (iiiifUt I
,nt it. vnrnmpnt f Crpnt
Britain ran serionslv think of nnshin their nrete.,-
imw tn thn nvtPnt nf n r ilo vvp n rp p, nfi,l,l
tl. r,r vommPnt J ,n, Inln 5 1 tl.-rl.t- nfnnr
mumnnt. in mn int n i nm.r tl.o ri?rl,t r,f Anioripn
t . - - r o -
ineni, in maintaining 111c rigms 01 uienca,
.tU nr.nnnfrnlMuvnnl.n.n Mtl, nwuh.r.
will see
ation as well as firmness, doing no act
iiiv pi vi'iivir v uirciii iiiv. f awa a ivuv
swell as firmness, doing no act to provoke,
and sedulously abstaining from even the apwarance
of disregarding the obligation of treaties. Put while
it does this, it has also a duty to perform to Ameri
cans. It is time that tho insolence of Englishmen,
now become almost , habitual, were rebuked. Let us
indeed be jiist ; let iis appear j list ; and let England
and consequences take cafe of themselves
That wc may present a tvmcisv; as Well as a just
view of the rel merits of this question or thc Oregon,
wc tiall endeavor to condense into as small a space
as possible the grounds, both of fact, and of public
nv. on whirll nor rTfrhta nre founded. Iii doling thi
we shall strive to omit nothing material to thcinqui-
What am the rules of public law. bv which the
rrwAt i.;d r., ;. f, 1-. ;.i,t..,i 1 Tu
iMivfi ivii w a i il. 11 111 hiitsf - v. 41 u i v v - v. va aajvj
rn .
,' . . , ,. ,
1. that in respect to newly discovered countries,
ii a .P .. ft... I AI... ..ft,!... ....I.A 1.. .
ine irsi uiseuercr iiit wie prior rigiu 10 occupy, pro-
VlUeU he does SO WltlllU a reasonable time. Wtiat IS
areisonable time depends upon the nature of the
country, the uses to which it may be applied, and the
vaxu? ui uiiiuKinu in rojuci w a, ii9 lur iBAüiiijut'9
it were a rich west India Island, the first aifcovcrcj;
COUl.J not rigllltUliy prevent oiner nations lrom occu-
pyingand cultivating it if he did not seo fit soon to
do so himself. II, on thc other hand, it were a re-
mote barren island, there would be no necessity of
uimii'diaie occupation.
"2: That if the first discoverer does not occupy with
in this reasonable time, he is deemed to have aban
doned his right, and the next discoverer stands as if
he had been the first, and so on through any number
ot discoverers.
M. That the discovery of a river is deemed thc dis
coery of its course and branches, and of thc country
t B .
drained oy it.
1. That till treaties atid engagements between gov
ernments, of an executory nature, are annulled by a
subsequent war.
With these rules before ns, let us examine the
questions of fact. The first settlements in the New
World were all nlade on its eastern shores. The Pa
cific ocean Tas discovered by Pallioa at Panama, in
1 r 1 : 1 . No person, however, ventured to the north
west coast as far as Oregon till Ifflrt, when Fcrrelo,
a pilut hi the service ofNiwin, Unit.-.! to the l.nti-
,u!iv,n:. y-M
his famous Voyage round the World, and It is main-
I... 1... I.....I..I. ................... .!... i... ..:!.. i j
I.IMILU uf mv- i.ii-u-ii (;hh iiiuhiii mal nv !.nii.u
high on this const as H ; but while one accourt of
his voyage has it -IS, the other has it 121 ; and there is
roHl reason to think thnt this latter account is the
" '
true one. The discrepancy in the two accounts de-
... .I...I-..1 i i i
son would think of rcstimr anv title unoti them. Drake
. . .. . . r .i , g. j. "
did not Innd on any part of thm roast, and from that
teri(d for alnuit two hundred years tio Englishman
visited it. Tho Spaniard:), however, visited it several
times, once more at least during the sixteenth cenlu-
rv, twice in the seventeenth, and three times in the
eighteenth, before tho time of Cook h voyage. In
17?, that rcrnit navigator nailed along the con?!t, nar-
ticularlv examining the upper parts of the 47th and
Hth jKirallels, and stopping at NKtka Sound. After
wards the const wan frequently visited by the vessels
id the different m iritimo nations. Tho ri er remain
ed undiscovered. Vancouver passed along the nhore
in 17U'J, examined it, an)( concluded tliut there wuh
no river. Captain dray, uti American, in th Ameri
can hip (üolumbia, however, discovered it on the 11th
of May, 17H2, and sailed into it a considerable dis
tance. Its existence had been previously inspected,
as we have already mentioned, and Jliveta, a Spanish
navigator, hud, iu 177.r, run along tlie shore, and on
the lfith of August, at nix in the evening, arrived
opposite a Imy in the latitude of M deg. 17 min.,
'where the current' ant) eddies were ho strong that,
notw ithstanding a press of sail, it was ditlicult to get
clear out of the northern cape, towards which the cur
rant ran, through its direction was eastward in con
sequence of tho tide being at flood." These eddies
and currents caused him "to believe that tho place is
in the mouth of some grent river or of some passage
to another sea." Notwithstanding the great differ
ence between the position of this Iwiy and that men
tioned by De Fuca," he "had little difficulty in con
cluding they might be the same." He found it dilli
cult on the following morning to enter, and continued
his voyage towards the South.' . This idea does not
appear to us to be a discovery of the river, or what
was equivalent to it.
The other remarkable places on the coast arc the
Strait of Fuca, and Nootka Sound. Tho former was
discovered by De Fuca, a (Jreck pilot, in the service
of Spain, in 15D2; tho latter by Perez, also in the
Spanish fcrvicc, in 177 1.
Tlie first visits to this country, overland, were
made, one by McKenzie, in the English service, from
Canada, crossing the Kocky mountains to thc north of
the head waters of thc Columbia, iu 171)3, and pass
ing to the 8ca in the parallel of 52 J, the other by
Lewis and Clark, in thc American service, who tra
versed the grpatcr part of the Oregon in I0',r. and
explored the river from its Fource to its mouth. So
far, then, as the right of discovery is concerned, it
should seem very, clear that the Spanish government
had thc title to the coasts and, the country about Fu
caV ßtrafts, and that the American government had
the same title to the interior wo shed by the river Or
eg'oii nnd its tributuries. .
As to occupancy : After the American wor a con
siderable trado in fur sprung up on the northwest
coast vessels going there to take. in. cargoes for the
China markc. This trade provoked' the jealousy of
the Spanish government, which all the AvhUb claimed
the dominion of the coast, so that, in lT7ö,,thc vice
roy of Mexico sent two vessels the Princcsa and the
San Carlos to inquire particularly respecting the
Russian establishment at Trincc William's soundand
w j t v mm
then to explore the coasts southward to California,
looking for places convenient for- the reception of
Spanish colonies. The commanders, on their return,
reported that the Russians had eight settlement on
the coast, i'coMaining altogether 25! Russian subjects,
all west of- Prince . William's Sound, and that they
were informed that two vessels had been sent that
summer from; Kodiak to form an establishment at
Nootka Sound. The viceroy thereupon despatched
vessels early in 179, with orders, in case any Rus
sian or British vessel should appear at Nootka, to re
ceive her civilly, but to declare the paramount rights
of the crown of Spain. Up to this period, May, 1760,
no settlement or establishment whatever had been at-
tempted, for the alleged settlement cf 31 cares atNoot-
Ka "lu;l 1C rcgarueu a-s a mere prun-im, mm uu
ed materials arid built a fort ; and afterwards seized
two British vcgcls, which were engaged in the trade
of the coasts. For this proceeding the British cov-
ernment demanded reparation ; a warm dispute arose
between thc two governments, that had well nigh'
ended in war; but finally, under the mediation of
France, it was brought, to a close by a convention,
commonly called the Nootka treaty, or the convention
of the Escurial ; which, as it IS importsnt ill this COn-
troyersy, we shall give entire in thc course of this
article.
. 1 f t . . 1 .
1 he Spaniards also iorccu anouicr eeuiemem on
the south side of the Strait of Fuca i and they con
1 .1 A. XT.I ..:!. . ...-r ft4.T
UI1UCU Bl OOlKa, W11H;SVUIB Jlia-iuiiwiis, uin.li
about I tV WllCIl they lett It, lof no Other TCason, SO
Iar a.8 11 w,nown: l,ian. 11 wa.s Vseicss a.nu cx'
pensive. Mnce tuen tliey nave Had no settlements
norrth n Francisco.
fhc first settlement of any kind made by British
subjects west of the Kocky mountains was in HOG,
wtP of the Oregon until ive years afterwards, and
after Astoria had kqii founded in the Oregon country
itsclf bX American citizens. Before lblt), Mr. Hen-
TV , Ml Hgent Of the MlSSOUH Fur COmpaiiy, had C8-
tablishcd a trading post on a branch of the lewU
river, one of tlie tributaries ot the Oregon. Ibehos-
tility of the Indians, and the want of provisions, led
to its abandonment, however, in that year. In the
samc ear Captain Smith, of thc ship Albatros, of
iw","iu a ,11 .. ,.... u, ai,U(ll
n . r .1. ii i .1 i 1
ioriy nines iruin us mouui. 11c uujii a nouse, anu
planted a garden ; but the site not being good, he left
iuwiV- " '.
tor's cxpedutun had been fitted out, and in March;
lh Astoria yas ftundcd at the mouth .f the Ore-
, . . m 9 .
iron. During tlie war it was captured by the British.
but was restored in . October, 1018. in pursuance of
tllC stipulations Of tllC treaty Of peace.
J rOlll that tllllC tO tlie present, tllC tWO COVCminCntS,
With feW llltCrmiSSlOllS, haVC been Cngflged 111 Uegütl-
, 1 '1 i 1
UtlOllS HUOUt tllC title to tllC -COUHtr)", And it WtLH
I . . . , fl t i
Vx between tliciii, first in 11, and afterwards in
M' un11 oe le nraniy occupicu uy uie jeopie
of both nations, without however, impairing in any
way thc title cr cither, So that none of the discov
eries or Settlements, of either America or England,
since that time, can, in any manner, affect thc title.
So far, then, as occupancy is concerned, it apjK-ars
scarcely disputable that the first settlements were by
Spain, the second by America, and the last by Eng
land ; and that the rights derived from occupancy arc
held in the same order.
Thc rights we have been hitherto considering, aro
those which are derived from discoveries and settle-
ments' i,n, L Ilad,lc coats or verland, from tho
eastern fide of the mountains. JJut there arc certain
other rights which must not be overlooked; thc rights
derived lrom discoveries and settlements on thc Atlau
i .
tic coasts.
On the first colonization of the New World, the
discovery and settlement of thc Atlantic Imrler weie
. . " - . v
cia,mi.j to ,rive a title across thc continent. Thc cn-
.rnil rhnrter to thn first ndnnv nf Vir;
ample, granted thc countrv extending alonMhc wn
cmt four jllindred miles, and into the land Ihrough-
0 froui sea tü
jjc s,,to, a Spaniard, was thc discoverer of thc .Alis
Uisiim : hut the French from tummln fin nxuhimA
its northern branches, established imMs and colonics
0J1 t!,cir l)ani;Sf an'a advancing down the river, finlW
j,vt possession of thc whole valley. Up to the peace
of HM, J ranee claimed and poftsest-ed tho countries
watered by thc ist. Iiwrcncc and thc IIii?tissjppif and
their dependencies, under the names of New Prance,
and Louisiana; and by the treaty then made, Cana
da was ceded to (Jreat llritain, and thc JIississijji
adopted as the boundary of their respective territories
on the south.
Tlio convention! between tho two couuiuu arc as fol
low a :
Contention of October HQ, LSI 8.
ArtT. H. It ia agreed that any country that may bt
chimed ty tiilier party on the nnrthntit coa-t of Amer
ica, weitward of tlie istony mountain, bnll, together
with it harbor-, haya ami rrrrka, nnd tho navigation of
all rivi ra within tli same, he free and open for the tum
of ten year from thn datt of tin signature of the pre-cnt
convention, to the ve-ela, citizens, and auhjecta of ihn
two powcra ; it being wdl understood that thin arrrcmcnt
" r ,7 C . ""r" , P"J!""" for cl.n, .,rj,
contracting pnrli -, in that reaprct. bt.in to i.rtvenl d?a-
. ... i i . .' .
i jiuit'i iiiu uuifrenrea among inemeivea.
. i Contention of Wtv. C. lr'J7.
. Akt. 1. All tlie provi-iona of the tlurd article rf th
convention concluded netwren the United fc'tafn of
IM. . I . mW.ftfti W Ma a a . .
V" "iv"f 'L" ,nR " United KmK.
doui ol (.rent Jtritain and Ireland, on the VOth cf Orio-
..V.' ' " " ' '"ny, uru.er mmn.
oiicij i umihmi aim coiiiiiiueu in lorce, in Hie aam man-
,,or , if tm provi-iona of tho aaid article wer herein
anerificnlly recited.
Art. 'J. It ahnll bo competent, however, to titbit of
,h0 eiirnciing partu-a, in ewp eithdr.ilMiuhl think fit, at
"" nf,,T ,M 20th of Cictobtr, 123, im ci-inr du
notice ol twelve montha to thn other contracting nartv. in
annul nnd abrogate thin convention ; and it hall, iu auch
cn-e, bo nrcnrdinglw entirely annulled and abrogated, af.
tef tha expiration of thn anid term of noiicr. .
Art..'! Nothing contained in tbia convention, at in
tho third aMicIo of the. contention of the 20th October
lHltJ, hereby continued in forr,hall b con-trued to im'
piir, or in any nmnnrr affect, the claim- which either cf
the contracting parties may have to any part of the coun
try mat ward of the Stony or Kocky muunlwn-.
TO XK f 01 tin cm.
Small Vo.
The Small Pox is said to prevail to a linuted extent
iu TippecaiHM, Jennings and Jelfervui count icnf in
thin State. Vc hear of it, nU, iu several of thc
Eastern Citich. It ii generally rejHirted of a mild
type. A l ite numler of tin London Lancet ha the
following, on the stthjirt of vaccination :
The general conclusions drawn by Dr. Kitzina,
of Stockholm, from his observation , in Swodeu arc
these : The protection afforded by vaccination, from
the close of thc second year of life, ng;aitist the con
tagion of the variolous Rison, usually lasts unim
paired to the end of the thirteenth year or so ; after
this icriod it begins to lose its effect, and gradually
becomes more and more uncertain to thc twentieth
or twenty-first year of life. For thc next four or live
years the disposition to tho small ox seems almost
to have recovered its original integrity ; and this
state (f liability continues unimpaired up to the ago
of forty years or so. At about this erweh of life it
begins to approach nearer ami nearer to tho limit of
existence w hich it reaches, in the majority of eases,
about the fiftieth year the period when thc general
revolution of the human body commences to take
place."
A Hint. The Richmond Star says, Folks who
don't like the way papers aro edited, ought to ask
leave to nut in a specimen of the right sort. Any
editor will be glad to give such individuals a chance
at anytime. We would, just for thc fun of m-ring
them cut up end slashed by the critics afterwards.
Evpry man who thinks it easy to edit a paper exactly
right,, And to universal acceptance, ought to try it.
May be he would succeed ; and if so, would 1 better
entitled to a reward than the discoverer of perpetual
motion.''
Official Dkjnity. A capital story is told of a
constable in Pennsylvania, w ho in attempting to serve a
legal precept, got pretty well shaked. . The jvirtics
meeting a few days after, the.oflWvler was profuse ia
his ajKilogies. -'You know, Jake." says he, "I woi'-M
not have served you so if I had been duly sober."
" As to the shaking," said. Joke, I don't "bear any
malice; I don't vally it a cent on my own account v
but as an officer, recollect next time, Jim, whoever
shakes me t" shakes the Common wealth .'"