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THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. VOL. XXII, NO. 15. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1862. WHOLE NO. 1,208. WEEKLY STATE SENTINEL. PRISTCD AND niUHCD KVKBY MONDAY AT THK ; E W E Tl E L OFFICE, SO. J SOUTH ME Bl DIAS STREET, OPPOSITE THE OLD POSXOFKICE. ELDER. HARRNESS. tV BINGHAM. TERMS OF WEEKLY SENTINEL: One copy one year $ 1 00 Ten copied, and one to the maker of the club . . 10 00 Twenty Copies, ami tw.. to the maker n the clnt. . 'JO itO Thirty copter. and one copy of the Weekly and one of the Daily to the maker of the club 30 00 Fifty copies, ..ii t two copies of the Wekk.lv and two of the Daily 50 00 Additionscan be made to Clubs at'any time at the above TXUra. The names will be (Tinted on each paper, without extra charge. m- - w IMI am f.. 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Legal advertisement inserted at the expense of the attorney- ordering, and not delayable for the legal proceed ings, but collectable at our usual time. Publishers not accountable for th accuracy of legal advertisements be yond the amount iharged for thejr publication. ELDER, HAUKNESS RINGHAM, Proprietors Indiana State Sentinel. J. X. T1LFOKD, President Indianapolis JoumalCorapany. T"HE DAILY SENTHSTEI Will N sent by mail or express to subscribers at any point for fifty cents a month, or six dollars a year. All subscriptions invariably in advance. Address ELDER DARKNESS, A BINC.HAM. clcctci) Hliscellaiui. From the New York Argus. A Falic A nrumrnt. The Philadelphia Press, it (imminent and in fluential supporter of the administration, professes to repudiate the idea of separation, und to -plant itself immovably upon the principle of preserving the Union and restoring by arms over every foot of territory of the seceded States, the nu thority of the Federal Constitution." In support of its position the Press use the following argu ment: " In dismissing forever from our mmds this hateful idea of Separation, let us turn to the Old World and barrow trom other governments) , a wholesome and practical example. What con stitutes the secret of the rower military, naval, political and social of the mighty governments of Kurooe, but the unity of their dominions? The struggles of their rulers for hundreds of years have been directed against disunion, we have onl v to read the pages that record the ef forts of England in consu mating the consolidation of lie: emj.ii e by sealing to it Ireland and Scot land, to understand the sacrifices she has made to this idea. "The constant endeavor of England, from the . time of Edward the First to the death of Elizi- ' betn . was to subdue Scotland, so as to annex that territory to its own. The hostile endeavors did not succeed, for Scotland never came into the .English connection until James Stuart, the last of j her independeiident sovereigns, succeeded to the j British crown, by hereditary succession ,jm the : death of Elizabeth Tudor, some two hundred and fifty years ago. Ireland, invaded and be- : travci), nearly eight centuries ago, was possessed but not subdued by England, and her history is the record of a succession of revolts against this usurpation. At last, what force could not effect was ; t'i M'tM'i l fraud At the close of the last century, that vile politician, whose name is not mentioned in his native land to this day without execrations that enemy of human lib em that cunning, cruel minister. Lord C.v-tlk- BEaoh, then virtually ruler-of Ireland, employed Ins spies an : mj rmi Ions to get up another lri-ii revolution, which was made to explode in the fatal Ninety eight, and was put down, by force of arms and treachery, by the troops of the Brit ish government, and was followed by the most cruel punishments of even the mere suspected unfortunates, as well as of those who had been seduced into revolt. Two years later, this got-up rebellion was m ide the pretext, by Castlereagh and Pitt, of effecting that parchment or act of 1. rliament Union with England, which the Irish have been striving, ever since, to break. Immense sums were spent by England, to break up, by buying off, the In-h Parliament, and thus the English principle of unity was carried out, though at a teariul sacrifice of life, treasure and principle, j In other parts of Europe the same efforts have j constantly !een made, for the same purpose. Spain, while in her pride, to retain the Low Countries; France, to preserve the dominions of the Dukes of Burgundy ; Russia, to bind Poland, the provinces of the Black Sea and the xfauca sian regions under one rule ; Austria, to preserve Bohemia, Hungary, Dalmatia and North Italy in the circle of her dominiou. Every where, the same action has been taken ; and, with the single, but universal determination to carry out the priu ciple of consolidation. Shall the United States of America fall trout her high position, in the face of every argument of reason, of honor and of interest, and in defiance of the eloquent teachings furnished in the history of other nations." The undoubted loyalty of the paper in which t:.i- i j . tr argument a priears, disarms the idea that it is used in the interest of the States in rebellion .g ftinst the Government ; aud yet it is difficult to conceive how the principle alleged to oe maintained ttie restoration ot the Luion as i it was and the Constitution as it is could receives a more dam ging advocacy. God forbid that the future of this nation ahould be modeled after the pattern of the "consobdatod empire" of Europe, held together by the strength of a tyranny that crushes down the lilerties of the ;opIe, and forces upon them a Government in which they , have no part and for which they have no synipa i thy. God toibid that the argument in favor of a ! restoration of the Union should rest iijk n the example of England, in her treacherous snbjuga j ol Irelano ; of Austria, in her tyrannv over ;arv ; or of Kusia, in her treatment of Po We hok with amazement, if not with apprehension, upon the otgan ot a Republican administration which exhorts us to borrow "a wholesome and a practical example," in our treatment ol the Southern States, trom the pot icy pursued by the old world tyranny towards j the nations it lus uodoen beneath its r H heel. If the Union is to be restored, it is not to be by treating the South as Ireland, Poland or Hun gary has been treated. The rule of a free Gov ernment must be the rule of reason, not of ter ror The Press, in its argument, reminds us that, while England is "strengthened" by her "unity of government," gained by fraud acd violence and maintained by oppression, she has an element of discord and danger in the dissatis faction of the Irish; that Poland aud Hungary have ever leen thorns in the side of their op pressors. Yet it finds a plea for a unity of gov ernment" in the strength acquirer, by England, Austria and Russia by means of their tyranny over the Irish, the Hungarians nd the Poles. Does it desire that the South (hall be the Irel tnd of the North, held in the strong grasp of supe rior physii-al power, and ready at any moment to rebel as soon as the grasp relaxes or the power becomes weakened? It is not thus that the Union is to be restored, but rather through the beneficent influence of a Constitution that makes ail the States uf a com mon Government free and equal; that recognizes the rights of every member of the confederacy, tod holds those ol the weakest as sacred as those of the mot powerful. Let toe policy of the Ad ministration oe to preserve the Constitution as it is to spread its protection and its blessings over ail toe States alike and it will not be long be f jre its rule extends over a "consolidated Gov ernment. bound together, not as Ireland is bound to England, but by the free will of the people, in the strong ties of liberty tnd equality. Paris Correspondence of the London Times. Tbe Reported Interviews of itlr. II dell with tbe Emperor Sapoleon und "M Tliouvenel. The observations of Earl Russell in the House of Peers on Wednesday evening, give me an op portunity of completing my statement, seven or eight days ago, with reterence to the steps lately taken for the recognition of the Confederate States of America. I may now mention that Mr. Slidell had an audience of the Emperor at Vichy some days back, and, by all accounts, was receive! very courteously by his Majesty. It will easily be believed that Mr. Slidell set forth all the arguments which, in his opinion, would justify the claim of a State to have its independ ence admitted such as proved ability to defend itself against invasion, decided advantages ob tained in the field since the commenceme.it of hostilities, the constitutional conduct of its Gov ernment amid the vicissitudes and severe trials of a proteacted war; and, which is not the least im portant, tne determination of the Confederacy never to submit, but to fight for independence to the last, and at whatever cost. If private ac counts from Vichy speak truly, the Emperor did not seem disposed to controvert these arguments; but, on the contrary, to -idrait their cogency. On this point permit me to quote a passage from Earl Russell's reply to Lord M ilmesburv "With regard to France, all I can say is, that hitherto there has been an intimate and unreserv ed communication between her Majesty's govern tnent, and that of the Emperor of the French; and 1 do not recollect any instance in which a difference of opinion has arisen between them on the subject " That there has been an "intimate and unreserv ed communication," though not strictly official, between the governments is perfectly true; but in certain (French) official quarters here it is not merely doubted, but positively denied, that there has been no difference of opinion. In these quar ters it is now, und has been for some time, assert ed that the imperial government of France is in favor uf recognition, and that it is the English government that has held aloof, and still holds aloof; in a word, that but for England r ranee would long ago have recognized the confederacy. This you will perceive, is somewhat in contradic tion with Earl Russell's statement, if by "no in stance of a difference of opinion" it was meant that both agree in postponing indefinitely the re cogntion. That England h is no such intention at present is evident trom Earl Russell's reply to the note of Mr Mason (the Southern Commis sioner to England), formally demanding tobe recognized. Subsequently to his interview with the Empe ror, it is said that Mr. Slidell had an interview with M. Thouvenel. and that he resented a note about the same time as Mr. Mason in London, and pressing, on identical grounds, the recogni tion of the Confederacy. The unwillingness ef England, if not her positive rejection ol the de mand, was. I believe, alleged as the principal, if not the only reason, why France ilid not act at once. The subject is certainly one of great dif ficulty for England. The very best reasons exist for her policy ; but it is peculiarly unfortunate that we seem to get no credit, on either side, for the integrity of our motives, or intentions, or our acts. It is imjiossible to be hated more than we are in the North ; and, if it cannot be denied that we have acted impartially, the reasons assign ed are any thin" but creditable, and the hope of convincing Northerners of our sitrceiity and our disinterestedness is but slight indeed. So tar as the feeiing against us is coucerned, it may be doubted whether actual intervention IMsM much aggravate it. On the other hand, in the South our neutrality is beginning to be looked upon as little better than downright hostility. The Emperor returns trom Vichy to-morrow, and will preside at the Cabinet Council to be held soon alter. --. Special Correapomlence of the Chicago Times. From taKliiiif;lon. The falling back of the army of Virginia Strate gical moeemrnts IAtht draft tear stramcri on the Ohio Failure of our Western Gunboats. JfC, Sec Washington, Aug 21. Fora few days past it seems as tf the old for mulas "All quiet on the Potomac on the Chick ahotniny on James River," were about to be come anplicable on the Rapidan. "All quiet on the Rapidan" sounds well; and, had it not been for the unquiet devil which inhabits Stonewall Jackson, it would have probably come into gen eral u.-e for the next month or two. Jackson, with a reprehensible disregard of proprieties, has been indulging in some of his feints, or myster ious harlequin changes, whereby our forces have found it necessary to fall back, which thev did in "good order," and took up a "new base," win ning of course a great bloodless victoty, and m.tk iug the most "masterly retreat on record." Pope's ex-cathedra bull, concerning his habits oi sccii mcoaiiv.s oi in. ells iu , ana million ol j not talking about bases of operation, doesn't 1 seem to work. It don't seem to lrighten the reb els as it properly should do. which I can only accounr for on the grounds that the ignorance of the chivalry has prevented ther reading it. Like Phelps's celebrated pronunciamtnt a, it should ' m - - . v. : - - i i.: . . i . c i have been sent among the Confederates, accom panied by an interpreter. Had they been inform ell that it was the "habit" of Gen. Pope to inspect that position of the enemy which includes their backlnine, heels, kc, they would undoubtedly have been accommodating enough to have given dissolving ami jiosterior views ol theit torces. The latest arrivals trom the army of Virginia bring the information that P pe has fallen back from ten to twenty two miles ; that ne has'nt taken Gordonsville ; and that he has violated two of his habits that of always seeing the hacks of the enemy, and never Liking up new lines of operations to the rear. As a matter of course, strategy is at the base of the movement, and it is but the immediate prelude to some brilliant oper ation against the enemy. As a man, in leaping over a lence, runs some distance to give himself impetus, so has done the Army of Virginia ; they have fallen back a score of miles in order to give themselves space for a run in their con templated bound over the Rapidan. I he intelligence trom all quarters is equally encouraging, it not more so. As a strategic movement we are allowing the enemy to retake Clarksville and threaten Forts Doiielson and Henry ; by a "masterly" iteration, (the object of which cannot yet re made puolic.) we have allowed them to isolate Bued, surround Morgan, break up the railroad connection between Louis villc and Nashville, and threaten Cumberland Gap ; in short, by a sublime combination of strategic and other plans, we are in lull retreat everywhere, with the enemy close on our heels. If it were not de eloping strategical secrets, I would hint that the object of the late move ments is n profound one, being no less than to retreat into l' pi er Canada, assume a permanent base of operations, and hold it until the warm blooded rebels freeze out. It is simply retalia tion. I lies drew us into the South and baked os ; we will now reciprocate by inveigling them into the frozen North, a Rowland for their Oli ver a frigid lor their tropic. If this he not the object of their late movements, I will be happy to te corrected. John A. Duble, formerly master of the Cones toga, ex Governor Dennison, and one or two other gentlemen are here, for the purpose of ur ging the Administration to place a fleet olTight dralt steamers upn the Ohio river, 'lies pro pose to use tight, swilt boats, make them proof against musketry, arm them with three guns, aud keep them moving on the Ohio, Cumber laud, and Tennessee rivers. None of toe boats will draw over twenty six inches, and couse quenily they will be available at all seasons of the year, and at all stages of the water. The entire expense ot running each boat will be about $22,000 per month, or about one-third the cost of running the iron dads tor the same time. All our western gunboats have thus far been unwieldy failures. They took Fort Henry, since which they have done but little more than burn coal, plug up shot holes made by rebel balls, aud raise themselves as fast ns the rebels choose to sink them. Tbe Mound City and Essex have both heen blown up, or at least sufficiently so to s a il to a horrible death two-thirds ot their crew; the very first action that tbe costly, much vaunt ed, and "impregnable" Benton ever engaged in, a rebel shot came ripping through her, as if she were made of pasteboard a little later, a rebel ram very nearly butttd her out of existence; two other of the iron clads gracefully dived to the bottom; in short, it has been failure every where. The light rams had the battle before Memphis two thirds won before the heavy gun boats got into action; and, even in the late bril liant achievement before Baton Rouge, tbe Ar kanaas was disposed of as fishermen dispose of stranded whales, without damage to the attack ing party, and without chance of escape for the floundering victim. This being the history of our naval operations in the West, it may be well to inaugurate a change. Whether this will be me' by the plan proposed by Mr. Duble is mote than I am pre piredto.-ay. Something, however, needs to be done; and, perhaps, there is nothing better to prevent invasion from the border Slates than a fleet of the kind suggested by the gentlemen now here. If they fail to secure the aid of the Gov ernment, an effort will be made to have the thing done by the States bordering on the Ohio River the very ones that are rqpst closely interested in the enterprise. Let our Western armored boats be disposed of as archaelogical curiosities, and then let us hnve some more effective. There are efforts being made for a change in respect to the style of iron clads for Western service, but with what success cannot yet be told. Statement of aGt-ntlrman direct from Kiclimond. We have been able to obtain from a person who lelt Richmond on Friday last, some in tei est ing information. He has been in the rebel capital for some time past, and appear, to be conversant with the general state of ufiairs in and around the city. He estimates the force of the rebels at Richmond at the commencement of the seven davs' fighting to have been between two hundred thousand and two hundred and fifty thousand men. It is conceded on all sides that their loss during that lime amounted to at least thirty thousand men. Since that time onscripts have leen pouring in at the rate ot at least one thou sand per day; so that now the force is nearlv equal, in point of numbers to what it was prior lo the fights. Their loss was among the best troops of the rebel army, and it will take a long time to bring the raw conscripts up to the standard of the troops that have been killed and wounded in the late battles before Richmond and on the penin sula. He reports that McClellan's movements have been known in Richmond as soon as com menced, and as soon as his evacuation of Harri son's Landing was ssell in progress, they at once moved large bodies ol their best troops towards Gordonsville, in support of General fetoiewall Jackson. The rebels in Richmond, he says, ate confident of being able to crush Pope by an overwhelming force, and then anticipate no difficulty in the oc cupation of Wasington, and the rescue, as they term it, of Man land. All the force that can be uses! will be brought to bear for this purjwse, and they hope, by rapid movements and crushing blows, to overwhelm the Union forces before they cm be reinforced to a sufficient extent to oppose them man to man. He reports Richmond to be encircled by forti lications of the most extensive character. Those north of the city are fully armed and mannet! by experienced at lillerists. Those on the south side are comparatively neglected, lor the reason that they anticipate no danger in that direction. Fort Darling, at Dairy's Bluff, is now com pleted and mounts twenty two guns of the heav iest calibre, piiucipally rifles, ami the face of the work is constructed in such a manner as to re-i-t the passage of any projectile. It is constructed, first, of eighteen inch square timber, over which is a plating of four-inch iron, the whole placed at such an angle that any shot striking it must glance and fly off, without the possibility of do ing damage. Obstructions of the most substantial character have been placed in the river opposite and above Fort Darling, and the most rabid of the rebels of Richmond advocate the entire filling up of the river between Drury's Bluff' and Rocket's, and the construction of a railroad lor army purposes between the two points, leaving the river to find a new channel. In regard to the iron-clad ram, Mcrrimac No. 2, he says that she is about 150 leet long, and constructed very much on the same principle as Men iuiac the first. She cannot be completed for at least four weeks yet. The information he gives regarding the ram was derived from men who had worked upon her. No information was obtained legarding her armament. The Trede gar works are running night and day on ordnance, shot, shell, &c. The health of the citizens of Richmond is re ported as good, not worse than the average in time of peace. The mortality among the sick and wounded soldiers is, however, very great. None of the ho;els have, at any time, been used for hospitals, but many private residences und public buildings have been taken for that pur pose. A large number ot the women a:id chil Iren left Richmond when they considered the city in danger, and they have not returned, be lieving a residence in the rebel capital as very unceitaiu. no matter howdi-tant the Union rirmy may be. The rebel are confident of ultimate success, but do not hesitate to sty, should Richmond be wiested from them.it would virtually end the war ; for the rebel army, although determined to fight, are heartily sick of the war, and, if tie feu ted at Richmoud, would disband, and could not again be brought together. The number of Unionists in Richmond is estimated at not over three thousand, and they consist puiucipally of naturalized foreigners. The condition of the poorer classes in Rich mond is very bad.A Mechanics can obtain work, but it takes all theaT wages to clothe them. He gives the following as the price ot groceries, &c : Flour, thirteen dollars barrel ; butter, one dol lar per pound ; eges, one dollar per dozen ; com mon country soap, one dollar per pound ; toma toes, one do'iar per dozen ; cabbage, one dollar per head ; green tea, from sixteen to twenty dol lars per pound. The rebels expect to teceive from Maryland from ten to twenty thousand men, on account of President Lincoln's order for drafting. Many a: v reaching Richmond, and large numbers are expected to arrive. They cross constantly from all parts of lower Maryland, below lower Cedar Point, on the Potomac ; but principally by way of Leoir.trdstown and Britlon's Bay. The rebels have the highest opinion of Me Clellan's generalship They consider his move ments on the Peninsula as masterly, and now breathe free!) to think he is removed from their doors. They fear McClellali, and gloat over the work of the abolitionists and political schemers of the North, who have been hampering his movements, for they know all u(erations to defeat the plans of McClellau is but placing vic tory within their grasp Our informant crossed the Potomac river from a point directly opposite Blackstone Island, and he reports that shortly after leaving the Virginia shore they picked up the body of a female, evi dently a lady, which they buried on the Virginia shore, close to the spot from which they started. They found on her person a gold watch and cross, and a small amount of money in change. These articles were left in charge of a farmer who lived close at hand. The body was so disfigured that it would be impossible to recognize it. The only marks by which it may be known are by the articles fonnd, and that she had brown hair and an ordinary summer flat, which had fallen to the back of her head, the ribbons being still tied un der the chin. This was no doubt one of the ladies lost in the late collision on the Potomac river, aud could be recovered without difficulty. Our informant concludes his remarks about I,' ciimond by s tying that Beauregard has lallen from hia high estate, his name being seldom mentioned except iu derision. He has retired from active duty, nominally on account of sick ness, but in reality for the reason that his services ate no longer wanted. Lee and Jackson are now the men, and will remain so until defeated, when they will in turn be laid on the shelf, and be com pelled to make room for the next favorite. .V Y Herald. Governors 'I od and .Tlorton on the Clerg-) and the Conxrientiout, Governor Tod has decided that, in the draft for troops about to take place, clergymen are not exempt. In this tespect. we do not feel inclined to call in question the wisdom of our State Ex ecutive. We fail to see any reason for excusing clergymen from serving in defense of ther coun try in the field of battle, that would im! as well apply to members of other learned professions. Several gentlemen ol the clerical calling have voluntarily laid down the surplice and taken up the sword; which shows that, in their opinion, there is no iucompulability. The heroism and patriotic devotion of the Rev. Colonel Moody although, thus far, only displayed i.i a wav not admitting of great personal risk, or requiring great personal bravery is, with us, almost a a houHehold word. Besides, our clergy many of them have a disjHisition unusually militant. The longest, the loudest, harshest and most persistent war blasts have been blown from the pulpit. Tbe de sire to encourage others to take op arms could not be otherwise than accompanied by a vehe ment willingness to do it themselves. It does not seem morally possible that men so anxious for the shedding of copious blood, can have any seri ous objections to tukiug a part in the process On the contrary, there are good grounds for the opinion that the practice of excusing miuisters of the Gospel from active participation in war, is not only mistaken, but the very reverse of the true policy. We arrive at this opinion trom two points of view, either of which would seem to be conculsive: First, in the talents for war which our clergymen evince, as exhibited in their intense desire tor its vigorous prosecution, their diligent attention to its events, and their bold and startling criticismsof the policy of the Government, the character and conduct of the Generals, and the errors and mistakes of the campaii.' is ; and, secondly, trom the fact, not long since disclosed by the report of a committee of tbe General Assembly at Chicago, that when employed as chaplains, not one in ten of them were of any account. It was a good rule, which used to be observed iu the conduct of the educa tional system of New England, that when a man was good lor nothing else, it was proof that he would make an excellent schoolmaster; and if our clergymen are so inefficient as they are rep resented, by I body ol their own profession, in the w ork of peace, is it not good ground for the belief that their talents lie in tbe direction of war ? Governor Morton has, however, as it would seem, taken a different view of the subject from that of Governor Tod. Assuming that there may be men uf such extraordinary piety, laity as well as clergy, to be conscientiously opposed to the war, he has opened a wav for their escape from its perils and its temptations. "No person, conscientiously opposed to bearing arms shall be compelled to do militia duty ; but such person shall pay an equivalent for exemption." This is excellent. We hope Governor Mortoti, for whom we entertain feelings of personal regard, will p.ot fall into danger of prosecution for discouraging enlistments ; but certainly this idea that the more pious and good a man is the more reluctant he will be to fight lor his country, is capable of a very unpleasant interpretation. We have been told all along that the rule was quite the reverse ; and that iu this work, the cause being so indisputably good, the strongest call was to the best men. This is the view taken of it by the American Peace Society, which, on the breaking out of the rebellion, at once puts its principles into the hands ol a receiver ; and although it admitted that it was opposed to the war, declared that "no act of civil government iu punishing its owu subjects tor tbe transgres sion of its laws ought ever to be deemed a war, and can only be called so by a figure of sjieech." The members of the Peace Society, therefore, although thev do not propose to aid in carrying on the war, are ready to give their arms to "the civil government in punishing its own subjects for the transgression of its laws ;" and Governor Mot ton, before he issues another order, would do well to take a lesson in "figures of speech" from the American Peace Society, in which case he mav escape the difficulty int which he has lallen, through a want ot a of the power of language. full understanding But the order of Gov. Morton is curious from another point of view. Although he is willing to admit that a truly pious and conscientious man may have scruples about going to war and killing his tellow-creatures, it did not see n to i strike him that the same piety and conscientious ness might render him scruplulous about paying others tor doing what he was unwilling to do himself. In short, there is in it that which looks like a general invitation to flagellate the arch, enemy in a circuitous manner ; which it may be doubled whether any of those who are really tender of conscience may be inclined to accept. Its effect will be, however, to produce some tenderness of conscience where tenderness of con-cicnce was never felt before. Men will sud denly fall under conviction, and grow spiritually, as many are growing physically, soft in spots where softness was never before suspected. In this way Governor Morton, by bis order, if it docs not he'p forward the work of aiding the "civil Government iu punishing its own subjects for the transgression of its laws," will do some tiling in aid of the religious status of the oeople of Indiana, and perhaps prepare the way for a moral reformation, after the subjects now in a state of transgression have returned to t'ie path of obedience Upon the whole, we like the course of Gover nor Tod the best. There should lie no exemp tion on the score of professions professions of business or professions of principles. If a man's principles are opposed to doing as other people are required to do, let him change them. Our neighbor of the Commercial can change his prin ciples in twenty -four hours, without an order of the Government. Power has done stranger things than that. Napoleon, by a simple order, liqui fied the blood of St. Janatirus, who had been dead twenty thousand years, and shall it be said that a Governor has no power to quicken the ruby current of men who are still nearly halt' alive? Cin. Enquirer. Cieneral Ilallcck on .Military Com mander. General Halleck.Gove-nor Morgan, the people, and last though not least every man who serves in th ranks, desire able and competent military men to command our volunteer regiments. But no one feels or understands the necessity for such commanders as ..." as General Halleck. Iu his paper on the art of war, written after the battle of Bull Run, he is emphatic on this very subject. He says: The present war is opening our eyes to this error, and the disaster of Bull Run has taught us that mere courage and numbers, without instruc tion or discipline, or competent officers to com mand, are not likely very Ml to restore the au thority of the Government and the peace of the country. War is the most comprehensive and difficult to be understood of all the sciences, for it embraces nearly every branch of human learning. Hence it is, that while nearly every country furnishes good chemists, botanists, geologists, theologians, jurists ind statesmen, but very few skilled gen erals have been found in any age. And yet in our country it seems to be thought that auybody will do for a general ; or a politician or a petti fogger has only to put on epaulettes, and exchange his stump speeches or briefs for a sword, in order to qualify him to lead armies in the field, and to direct the difficult and complicated operations of I a campaign, siege or battle! While we must ad mire the brazen impudence of the individuals who make these sudden and wonderful transformations, it is difficult to understand why the government, which is supposed to seek victories rather than defeats, should appoint such men to command our armies, and why a people, who are supposed to value their lives and reputation, should tolerate them! If mere politicians, who never drilled a company or read a military book, are to command our armies, why not make judges and district at torneys of masons and carpenters who never read a law book or wrote a brief. If it onlv requires a piece of parchment to convert a politician into a general, certainly the same magic process will transform a blacksmith into a judge or a butcher into a surgeon. Washington, in his last Annual Message, Dec. 7th, 1796, in urging upon Congress the impor tance uf military instruction, used the following language: "Whatever argument may be drawn from pa-. ticular examples superficially viewed, a thorough examination ot the subject will evince that the art of war ia both comprehensive and complicated ; that it demands much previous study; and that the possession of it, in its most improved and perfect state, is always of great moment to the security of a nation." Had we given heed to Washington's Farewell Address the present rebellion would never had occurred; and had the Federal Government listened to the ad vice contained in the foregoing extract from his last Annual Message, it would not be lamenting the disasters of Great Bethel and Bull Run. The people are beginning to awaken to the im portance ot military instruction; and they ask of the government that it cease appointing ooliti cians, ignorant of military science, to lead our armies. Men who pay their money and peril their lives in support of the war for the Union, have had enough of "mustering" Generah ; they now demand that these be replaced by men of military experience and education. m The prices of cotton sheetings have de dined in this market, and sales of Cannelton sheetings, were made yesterday at as low rates as twenty two ceuts. Ijou Jour. 2Ctk. tyVaii Fair explicitly denies the report that Major General John C. Frsmoot has goue to Europe to escape the liability of being drafted. I nun Bolivar Tcnneanee. A Visit to the Negro Quarters Hovt the Darkies Sport. Eat and Work, f$c.,SfC., ice. Bouva, Tksx., August 21. As the nigger is the absorbing subject of public attention his exhibition on a new field to me may not be uninteresting. 1: company with Captain Ryan, of Gen. Ross's staft a very popular offi cer and an unassuming gentleman I visited last eveuiug the quarters of tbe negroes who are at work on the tortifications. They occupy a num ber of houses and outbuildings connected with some steam mill property on the banks of the river. They had just finished their supper as we rived, and were lolling aud laughing about tbe grounds. We passed hastily through a sleeping department or two, the beds consisting of the bare floor, aud he was fortunate who had a bundle for a pillow. Yet that resting place seemed to be all that was desired, upon which some were al ready piled in such stiape and such proximity as inclination prompted. We proceeded to the building occupied by the physician, in front ot which the negroes were then gathering. The tuning up of a violin indicated purpose of the crowd. Three or tour candles were lit, a ring was formed and by the light of the candles 1 got tbe first fair sight of the motley group. Three or tour hundred of these black skins, of all ages and sizes, and draped in all kinds of costume, stood in the ring and their glistening eyes and grinning mouths, as far back into the crowd as they could be discerned, told that they were to "have a little dance to-night." While the preliminaries wer, being arranged, the fiddler retained a stoical indifference and disdain to all appeals of his fellows, as if such importu nities were an infringement upon the dignity of his position, such as some military gentlemen indulge in with us little sense or reason. But po sition is everything, as well with negroes as mili tary men. The tiddler was read v, the dancers were in line, and away went both. An old Virgin;a reel was worked off with a sprightliness and energy, and with some touches of the art that 1 never wit nessed before. Barefoot or shod, those feet were nimble enough on thisoccasion. Everything had passed along silently for some time, except the strains of the fiddle and the patter of the feet, whose exercises engaged the undivided attention ot the crowd, when the lord of the fiddle threw his head back, and. with some double rakings on his fiddle strings, exclaimed, " Dis is de way to get to hebben." This seemed to be the sigml lor a general outburst. The fiddle went taster and the feet quicker. "If Sally was only here for de lady instead of dis big nigger," said oneof thedancers. "And Dinah," "aud Chloah.""aud Jane," and a hundred other names went through the crowd. As matters were now taking the high pressure style. Mr. Hones came jumping into the ting with two big ribs he had saved from his rations, and, striking an attitude that set all cork bediz ened imitators into the shade, added his weight and muscle to the propelling power. Mr. Banjo soon followed, and the patters, who hit shins, knees, head, and breast in perfect time with the music, became inspired; in fact, everybody was marking lime in some way, and so on the thing rushed, through the reels, cotillions, jigs, and fancy dances mentioned on the "small bills." The second scene introduced a love song, dur ing which the singers .walked around the ring, and, at the end of each verse, received a new re cruit. The tune was an old Methodist oce, and was go drawn out through the noses of the per formers that I could not gatiier many of the words, it commenced : ' We're going down to New Orleans, The place from which we started," And " Mary Jane" and " My Darling," which were woven into the chorus, determined the char acter of this part of the entertainment. For the next performance, a muscular boy en tered the ring with an iron baking kettle, and a big cracker-brx. Arranging them in a row, the music commenced, and he set in with a dance around and over his playthings. Keeping time with the music, he seized the bakitig kettle, ad justed it in li;s teeth, dropped his hands, and con tinued the dance for some minutes, when, drop ping the kettle, he seized the lox in a similar way, and went through the same dance, and con eluded by serving the other kettle in the same way. As the company were preparing fora break do n cotillion, we concluded we had seen enough for one entertainment, and departed. These scenes, I learn, ate enacted nearly every night. Tiiey are varied by " blind-man's buff," and other similar plays, wrestling, butting, &c. On Sunday night they hold a prayer-meeting which, for "glories," "hallelujahs, " and the like, is said to be of the first order. In the morning e returned to see the turn-out for work. The breakfast table was just spread as we arrived, or, rather, on rough boards, set on stakes in an open building, huge crackers and big pieces oT beef were arranged, and boxes of crackers strewed along at convenient distances, to replenish that article therefrom. Each nigger had a cup, with which he repaired to the kettle for hot coffee when he desired, and, seizing his cracker and meat in Ins fingers, the delicate ope rations of a few hutidred voracious jaws soon left uo remnants behind. These negroes, for convenience iu working, are divide! into compa nies of Ironi twenty five to fifty, over whom is a negro "captain," and all, of course, under the di rection of the proper officers iu charge of the works. The "captain" teaiizes his importance, and manages to get an old pair of military pints, coat, cap, belt, or leather, to indicate his 'posi tion." A negro now seized a "seeesh" drum and beat upon it. which was the signal for falling into line, each company on its own particular ground. The calling of the roll was decidedly amusing. There was so many "Sams," "Cassars" and "Jims." that resort was had to numbering them. The number they could not remember, though they had been told it over and over again lor weeks, "Sam" No. 9 is called two or three times, and "Sam" says, "Dat's my name, but I doesn't reckamember dat number." "S im" No. 15 "run away last night," and "Sam" No. 22 is sick though he haa just disposed of his morning rations. After the roll call is completed, the "crack" company, under the lead of a fife and drum, start out to their labors, the other com panies following. As well as the negro plays the fiddle aud banjo, he is a very indifferent musician on a fife or drum. A majority of these negroes have been drafted from loyal owners for this particular business aud will be returned when the fortifications are fin ished. Others are negroes who have escaped from their masters and come within the lines and have been set to work. Some have run away af ter being set to work and returned to their mas ters. Others, not thinking that this kind of work corresponded with their ideas of "liberty," have sought that object in other quarters. At best the most of these negroes will be spoiled, so far as any further usefulness to their masters or them selves is concerned. They will catch just enough of the idea of liberty to become lawless, and many of the citizens would prefer that they should be run out of the State rather t'.:an that thev should remain to contaminate the rest of the slave population. Some men and officers think they are doing a cunning thing to be spending their time in coaxing niggers, and particularly the wenches, away from tneir masters, although they are violating the orders of their command ers, aud know they are only leaving their vic tims to misery when they shall have gotten through with them. From the Louisville Journal. The Attack on Gen. Kuell. We have the means of knowing thatdistin guished military officers, who, for some months past, have been familiar with Gen. Buell's post tion are amazed at the numerous attacks made upon him throughout the country. They say that so far from doing nothing as charged, his whole army has been engaged with the most un tiring activity and energy in m meuvres upon a STand scale, the purpose being to prevent Gen. iragg, with his 60,000 men, from penetrating the rich lands of East Tennessee. After the fall of Corinth, the army of the Ohio lav in line with the tight at Tuscumbia, Ala , and the left at Battle Creek near Chatta nooga. The enemy massed 60,000 meu at Chat tanooga, intending' too pass the river at that point, intending to march, by way of theSequat chee valley, over to McMinnville and through Murfreesboro to Nash' dle, and thus to turn the left of Buell's army. By the time Bragg was ready to commence this important movement, Buell changed his front, swinging his whole line so that the right, which was at Tuscumbia, be came tbe left at McMinnville, while another army lay from Battle Creek to McMianville, ready to concentrate and crush the enemy at whatever point he should attem; : to pass into Middle Tennessee. The rebels, having the rail road along the Tennessee river entirely at their command, moved their troops with great rapidity from Chattanooga to Knoxville, and tiee versa. seeking a point to pene rate into Middle Tennes see, but were foiled everywhere. During the whole summer General Buell has been maneuvering against double his own force in the most masterly manner, and alwavs with success. Nothing could surpass the rapidity of the marches of his division. For weeks together officers and men have been without tbe shelter of tents, but they have been invariably at the point indicated at the time indicated and eager for battle. There is in the United States armies no better General than Buell. But he is honest and conscientious, and unfortunately there area good many people that don't like that sort of an officer. The country knows that it owes him much for what he did at Shiloh, and it will yet learn that it owes him much for what he done since and is still doing. Ruwseir Letter to Muart. Foreign Office, London, July 26 Sir: I have left hitherto unanswered and unnoticed the dispatch of Mr. Seward, which Mr. Adams de livered more than a month ago. I have done so partly because the military events referred to in it were, in the opinion of Her Majesty's govern ment, far from being decisive, and partly because there was u j proposal iu it upon which Her Ma Majesty's government was called upon to come to any conclusion. Events sulisequent to th date ot Mr. Seward's letter have shown that Her jesty s government, in its opinion on the first of these points, was not mistaken. Victories have been gained, reverses have followed; positions have been reached in the near neighborhood of the capitol ot the Confederates, and those posi tions have been again abandoned. These events have been accompanied by great loss of life in battle, and in the hospitals, while such measures as the confiscation bill have pass el through both houses of Congress, and with the proclamation of Gen. Butler at New Orleans, bear evidence of the increasing bitterness of the strife. The approach of a servile war, so much insisted on by Mr. Seward in his despatch, onl for warns us that another elemtn: of destruction may be added to te loss of property a waste of industry, which already afflicts the country, so lately prosperous and tranquil ; nor. on the other point to which I have adverted, have I anything new to say. From the moment that intelligence first reached this country, that nine States and several millions of inhabitants of the great American Union had seceded, and had made war on the government of President Lincoln, down to the present time her Majesty's Government has pursued a friendly, opeu and consistent coutse. They have been neutral between the two parties to the civil war. Neither the loss of raw material of manufac ture, so necessary to a great portion of our peo ple, or insults constantly heaped upon the British name in speeches and newspapers, nor a rigor be yond the usual practice of nations, with which the Queen's subjects, attempting to break loose from the blockading of the Southern ports, have been treated, have induced Her Majesty's govern ment to swerve one iuch from the impartial neu trality, und at this moment have nothing more at heart than to see that consummation w hich the President speaks of iu his answer to the Gov ernors of It? Suites, namely: the bringing of this unnecessary and injurious civil war to a speedy ami satisfactory conclusion. As to the course of opinion in this country, the President is aware that perfect freedom to com ment upon all public events, is in this country the invariable practice, sanctioned by law and ap pioved by the universal sense of the nation. I am, &.C. (Signed) Rvssell. Seven ."Vitrjrcr take Posaession of a White .Han's House. We are informed by a gentleman residing in the southern part of this township that a few evenings since three big, ugly, black female nig gers came to a farm house in his neighborhood and asked to stay all night. They were told they "could not stay." A few moments after the arrival of the wenches the "contra 's" having the affair all arranged there came a second lot, consisting of four ugly, big male niggers. The lamily becoming still more frightened at this new feature in "politics," said they could give them their supper, but could not possibly accommodate them through the night. The darkies, thinking there was uo "milleni urn" about that kind of talk, spoke up ail about the same time and all in about the same strain, as follows: "Oh, yes, dat's de way we am served; yon white people in de Norf told us to run away from our masters, an you would treat us like brudders; and dis is de way we am treated." A lively war of word here ensued in fear on the part of the white family, but in an insolent and determined manner on the part of the nig ger. They took the supper; and not only that, but they staved all night, against the remonstrance of the proprietors of the house, and never said so much as even "thauky." The beauty of the thing is, however, the whole of this white family, who were made the slaves of niggers on this occasion, and had been pretty well abolitionizel, arose the next morning with the dawn, most effV.ctually cured of aboli tionism, and about as good Democrats as that ism ever makes and it makes them, when it does make, most atcful sound. This is only the beginning. Before a great while these runaway negroes will be among us as thick as five in a bed. Somerset (Ohio) Union. ZT The inhabitants oi the territory lately oc cupied by Gen. Pope are now at tbe mercy of the rebel forces. Claiming, as the Confederates do, that all inhabitants of Virginia are subject to the Southern Confederacy, they will visit with heavy vengeance those who have taken the oath pre scribed by the late orders --of Gen. Pope. Until our armies are so well established in southern territory as to make it certain that we shall be able to retain possession, it is useless severity to force the oath of allegiance upon those whom we are unable to protect. It does not forward our cause or injure the Confedetates, and subjects the people to the rajre of the southern soldiery. The inhabitants of Northern Virginia have been told by our armies that it they did not take the oath they would be diiven Irom borne and tbeir property confiscated. The Confederates have assured them that if they did not take the oath they should be punishel as traitors. They have thus been kept alternating between opposing forces. We have been compelled to retreat, and Confederate armies are devastating Northern Virginia and imprisoning the inhabitants. We trust that hereafter the vindictive spirit of fanati cism will be rebuked in such a manner by our Generals, that shame will compel it to keep si lent regarding the treatment of southern people by our armies Chicayo Times. , Tbe Govrrnnient in the Tub and Baket Business. Now that üe "F.rst Regiment of South Caro lina Volunteers" having received their red breeches from General Hunter are disbanded, the niggers who compose it, and who were to compose the "nucleus" of Greeley and Hunter's army of "Americans of African descent," have been put to work making rush baskets and cedar tubs, so that Uncle Sam now adds to bis numer ous other avocations that of basket and tub maker. Greely and the whole abolition tripe do not like this. Was there ever such cruelty heard of as to force a nigger to make tubs and baskets ? It is awful a pro-slavery device, a degradation of flesh and blood, a waste of General Hunter's red breeches. Poor Greeley. Poor abolitionists, that they should live to see their sable darlings mak ing tubs and baskets. Detroit Free Press. Gnu-Ii ) and the President. Greeley's letter to the President and the reply appear iii the Journal of this morning. Presi dent Lincoln has his own notion- as to the pro prieties ot lite and his position. He has no hesi tation in calling up a lot of colored men and making them s speech, nor of replying to a newspaper article aimed at him. We fear he will find the last named busiuess less profitable than the first. Greeley has all advantages and knows how to use them. If his rejoinder is not an able paper, one which shall be read and remembered for many years, be will lose the finest opportunity an editor ever had to distinguish himself in s single leader Lafayette Journal. For the Daily State Seotinel Tne Conscientious Exempt A Law Necessary to Prescribe the Equlva lent. Editor Skvtijtel: The 6tb section of article 12, of tbe Constitution of Indiaua, reads ss fol lows, namely: "No person conscientiously op posed to bearing arms, shall be compelled to do militia duty; but such persons shall pay an equiv alent tor redemptiou.the amount to be prescribed by law." The first clause of the section provides that no such person shall be compelled to do militia duty; tbe second clause imperatively requires that all persons who claim tbe exemption shall pay an equivalent; and the third clause requires the amount to be fixed by law. The section does not prohibit such person from bearing arms, but only says he shll not be compelled to do so. Very few of the class referred to have volunteered to serve their country in the war that they and their doctrine have materially aided in bringing upon the country; and all such persons are exempted from the draft. The laws ot Indiana have made no provision for tbe payment of an equivalent for such exemption. This should not be. All persons who enjoy the protection and blessings of the Government should bear their share of its burthens. This "exemption" has been carried full tar enough, and now the penalty should be addel; aud the equivalent should be such an amount as would make this class feel that they had some interest in tbe Government Let that subject be agitated in all the counties in the elec tion of Senators and members of the House of Representatives, to the end that the persons elected may not dodge the question, but that they shall be held to a strict accountability for their action in the premises. Monroe. For the Daily State Sentinel. A Correction. Bloomixutox, Ind., Aug 25, 1862. Editor Sentinel: lna communication which ap;eared in your paper of the lHrh inst., giving a brief report of a speed: ot Judge Hughes. I used the following language: "He (Judge Hughes) called upon Mr. Harrington, who he said was lurking in the crowd, although the valorous Judge was veil aware Mr. H. was miles away on his road home, to deny the truth of this." I will not knowingly misrepresent or do injustice to any one. The communication appearing on the lrHh ir st.. was intended to he fair and impartial. The aoove statement, taken it -tu it, was founded ou hat I deemed sufficient evidence to justify it. Judge Hughes, however, has since denied having any knowledge of Mr Harrington's departure from Bloomiugton. Upon his statemeut to this effect, together with the additional one that he was iulormed on reaching tbe Court House that evening; that Harrington was yet in Bloomiugton, in justice to Judge Hughes as well as myself I de-ire to correct so much ot tbe statement as says that he was aware of Mr. H's absence. By g ving the above place in the columns of the Sentinel, you will oblige "Salt." From the Cincinnati Price Current, Aug. Ti. Financial and Commercial Summary for tlic pat week. The small note and stamp currency has just been issued, and samples have been sho'wu us. The ones and twos are the same sire of the Treasury notes, and the stamp currency the size we gave in our issue of the 13th inst. They all look neat and are engrave! in tbe very iest style and printed on the finest paper It is not prob able that thev will be successfully counterfeited. It is probable that the supply will be so far behind the demand that all the small notes will be at a premium for some months. The postage cur rency is being issued at the rate of $25,UU0a day, at which rate it will be a long time before the supply in circulation will meet the wmita ol the country. As we have before remarked, all this small currency will be redeemed in the new issue Treas ury notes, and they being fundable in United States six per cent, stocks payable in twenty Years, or redeemable iu five years, should the Government see fit, make these five twenty stock as they are called, the standard of value in the United States for some years, and constitute the security equal to tbe Government, the credit and solvency of which every individual and corpor ation is bound to sustain, which constitutes it the best of all other securities in the country. The quotations for exchange and coin, at the close, were as follows: Buying Selling. New York fjjJdis. par Gold 14-.,(a 15 prem 16(S16U prem. Silver... .- "(99 prem. 1011 prem. Demand Notes prem. The inadequacy of the railways to take the freight offering, still continues to be demonstra ted, and, notwithstanding the high rates of freight, there is great difficulty in shipping, and this continues to depress commerce, and circum scribe the amount done in general produce. The military movements, and the embargo on travel alluded to in our last, in connection with the draft, continue to add to the dullness ; and this must be expected to continue until after the draft takes place, which will not be completed till near the middle of next month, as Uie draft ing cannot be done, and those drafted taken into camp, before that date, and until then freedom of travel cannot be allowed. The weatiier continues dry, and, though some rains fell in this locality, since our last, there was not enough to restore vegetation, which has been badly dried up. The corn is suffering in Kentucky and in this part of Ohio, but we understand that heavy rains have fallen in Indiana and parts of this Slate, north of this city. The corn now covers the gour.d so well that evaporation is slow, and it is less exposed to dry weither, still, to make the ears fill well, rain, in this month, is necessary. Indications of a large Government demand for bacon, which have existed for some weeks, is op erating on the market for all articles in the pro vision line, and prices of bacon aud bulk meats have advanced materially within the week, and at the close holders had. to some extent, with drawn their stocks from the market. The stock of bulk is regarded not very larre, and it is gen erally considered settled that the wants of the Government during the next three months will be large, as the new army of six hundred thou sand meu will necessarily lead to a large con sumption. Last evening mess pork was held at $9 75$10; bulk pork at 4c lor shoulders, and ''je fur sides; 5c for bacon shoulders and 534 6c for bacon sides, and 6346,:!c for clear bacon sides, and it was difficult to buy any below these rates, the market closing rather unsettled. In response to the Government advertisement for c:in tracts yesterday, there was not enough baoon offered, and the commissary had to go into the market and buy shoulders to make up the amount, for which he paid 5c. They arv to be packed in boxes or tierces. There has not been much done in lard; it can be bought at 8 Lc, but it has not been inquired for. The lower grades of lard, including grease, are in active demand at full rates; grease 6?4e. and butcher's lard, in tierces, at 7 ., 74jC. In bulk, or without cooperage, it brings (a.7?4c. There has been a pressing demand lor common hams, and prices are higher, closing at 7J8(g8c. Sugar cured firm at 9(3 10c. Flour has not changed. Tbe market has been but poorly supplied, aud there being a good local demand from the city dealers and Government bakers, the market has ruled firm at $4(34 10 for superfine, $4 15(S5 35 tor extra ; $4 304 40 family, and $4 504 75 for fancy. Wheat has been in light supply, and this has stiffened the market, and the depression of tbe fore partot the week was recovered. The supply of oats has been extremely light, sod with s con tinued speculative demand, prices advanced ma terially, closing at 50c. The failure of the crop, which this paper reported in July, has now be come manifest to all, and hence few are disposed to sell. Rye is scarce, and has advanced to 55c. Corn unchanged. Whisky is kept at 26lac by distillers supply the market, acceding to the de mand from day to day. Butter is in light supply, and good local de mand, aud pi ices are lc higher. Beef cattle exceedingly dull, aud prime sold at B 50 gross, and good$2a2 25. Tbe supply is far in excess of the demand. The demand for hogs continues good, and prices firm at $33 50 gross. The demand for groceries is still quite light, confined to a limited jobbing business Prices have not changed in any esseutial particular, with the exception of refined sugars, which are a shade higher. Pig iron has again advanced, with a very de cided speculative feeling on the part of owners, who, under the operation of the new tariff, antici pate much higher prices. Hot blast was offered sparingly at $33 cash, aud cold blast at $35a36.