Sacramento daily record-union. [volume], May 20, 1882, Image 2

About Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891

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AGRICULTURAL PAPERS.
SERIES PREPARED ESPECIALLY FOE
THE " RECORD-UNION."
Presenting Instruction Contained la lect
ures irom the Chair of Agricult
ure, State University.
[NINETEENTH PAPER ]
(5.) Power (possessed (soils) of appro
priating solid matters from their solutions.
That soils have the power of fixing or talk
ing soli.l matters from solutions has long
been known. It was no new fact, even
several centuries ago, that sea water when
filtered thrpugh sand lost much of its i-alt
ness. Were the soil incapable of removing
matter from the liquids which pass through
them, much nutritive matter would be
lost to the plant world. For then the rains
must inevitably carry all of the soluble
Battel ex.ept what was directly imbibed
by the roots of plants, out of the reach of
succeeding tats, and the greatest part
of the matter thus carried down would
pass off through the drains and be lost
Johnson explains the removal of solid mat
ter from solutions by saying that the ad
hesive power of the soil, or material through
which the liquids percolate, overcomes
the cohesive power of the particles in the
solution, and hence extracts solid matter
from the liquid in proportion, other things
being equal, to the amount of surface ex
posed by the extracting body. The main
difference, physically, between a solid and
a liquid is that iv the one particles making
up the solid brdy have such a great co
hesiveness for one another as to prevent
free motion among themselves ; while in
the liquid bodies the cohesive force is so
small that the particles move freely among
themselves. If, -for instance, salt, which
is solid, be
DISSOLVED IN WATER
A certain degree of coheßiveness is over
come by the solvent. If now the saline
solution be filtered through sand or char
. coal, either of which can be wetted, and
both of which present a comparatively
large surface to the liquid, it is easy to per
ceive bow they can, by their attraction for
the particles of salt, overcome the remain
ing slight cohesive force existing between
them, as well as the adhesive force of the
water, sufficiently to cause particles of aalt
to separate out and adhere to the surface
of the sand or charcoal. We thus see that
this fixation of solid matters by the soil is
a physical rather than a chemical phenom
ena ; and that, since it depends upon the
surface attraction of the soil particles for
those of the solid matters of the liquid,
the more porous a body is the larger
amount of matter it will extract from so
lutions. We can readily understand,
therefore, that the extractive power cf live
sand and clay must be very great. The
absorptive power of clay for water has
been mentioned as being sufficient in pure
clay to bear off the papilla; of the tongue.
The particles of clay being much finer than
those of sand, ita fixing power is corre
spondingly greater, but wnen once satu
rated it takes linger to redissolve the fixed
matters from the more adhesive clay than
from the sand. By the fixing or
| ADHESIVE POWER
Of the soil all color, odor and taste may be
removed from the most offensive liquids by
filtering through a sufficient depth of earth.
It is well known that a few yards of soil
intervening between a well and a sink or
cesspool will often quite effectually purify
the liquids of the latter before they rcaca
the well, and by this means often maintain
the purity of the well water for a consid
erable time. Had not the soil the property
of neutralizing tiie offensi venose of these
liquids, each such sink or cesspool would
be a hotbed of disease and a perpetual
agent in the spread of epidemics, (ti ) The
productiveness of a aoil is very closely con
nected with its deportment toward liquid
water.' The ability to imbibe liquid water
is known as the capillary power of the soil.
It is caused by the a»me force which causes
the ascent of liquids in a capillary tube,
i. c., the attraction or adhesiveness be
tween the surfaces of the capillary tube
and the liquid. The capillary power or
capillary coefficient of soils represents their
ability to absorb and retain liquid moist
ure. In all porous bodies for most liquids
this power ia inversely proportional to the
size of the pores. The interstices between
grains of coarse sand are large, and hence
matter readily runs or percolates through.
Such soila cannot, of themselves, retain
the moisture for any length of time, and
we have already seen that their hygro
scopic coefficient is also low. On the other
hand, clay, which we know is made of
very finely divided particles of mineral
water, and since the amount of surface
exposed depends upon the fineness of the
soil particles, it must have a correspond
ingly greater number of and more minute
pores ; thua, therefore, a high capillary
power. Not only ia this the case, but
clayej soils, aa is well known, retain moist
ure with the greatest tenacity. The writer
has seen blocks of clay taken from
WELL-CULTIVATED SOILS
At a depth of one and a half feet, and
which had not been saturated with water
for six months, and yet the clay seemed to
be completely saturated. There ia an evi
dent relation between the mechanical com
position of soila and their capillary powers.
If glass tubes containing different grades
of soil be suspended with the lower end
projecting into a vessel of water, the liquid
will immediately begin to rise in the tubes
by the capillary force of the soil. But the
rate of ascension and total bights reached
will be found to vary very greatly with the
different soils. Suppose we have a tube
filled with coarse sand, one with alluvial
soil, and another with line clay. The
water in its ascent in the tube containing
sana will outstrip that in either of the
other tubes ; in fact, it will rise several
timea a3 rapidly. It will, however, only
reach a hight of ten or twelve inches in
the tube and then will cease rising. The
capillary power of the sand haa been ex
hausted, and if tl.e surface of the sand is
more than twelve inches above the water
level it will not have been moistened by
the capillary water. The water in the tube
containing alluvium rises much Blower than
that in the sand, but to a considerably
greater hight ; while that of the clay,
which rises slowest of all, goes on after the
ascent has ceased in the other tubes, and
the water finally reaches a foot or more
higher in the clay than in the alluvium. It
is a curious fact that if either of the aoila
be tamped and thua compacted in the tube
the rise will be much mere rapid, but will
not reach to such a hight aa before, lf the
surface of the tamped soil be reached by
the ascending capillary water the evapora
tion, upon exposure to the sun's heat, will
be mnch greater from the tamped than
from the loose soil. It has been deter
mined that in a
GOOD ALLUVIAL,
Well tilled and well drained soil, the cap
illary water will rise to a distance of from
three to four feet. Let us draw some gen
eral conclusions from the above facts. First
as to sandy soils : Are they ever desira
ble, and for what crops best suited ? We
have Been that the capillary water ascends
in rand only to a hight of one to two feet,
and also that the hygroscopic coefficient of
sand is very low. Therefore, in localities
where the permanent water of the subsoil
is at a greater depth than one to two feet
below the surface, ;-nd where summer rains
•re not frequent, Bandy soils are most lia
ble to failure of crops from drought and ex
cessive heat. And when artificial irriga
tion ia used, where the underground
method is made use of, the tile or pipe
must be laid near enough to the surface so
that the hygroscopic moisture at least will
reach the Burface, If the capillary water
reaches the surface the evaporation will be
much greater than from clayey soil, anil
hence a larger amount of water must be
supplied, If am face irrigation is resorted
to, the water will percolate through the
sand, and a large portion of it will drain
off and be practically lost. The sand will
be saturated with moisnre for a short time,
but an soon aa the hydrostatic water has
left the surface the moisture diminishes
very rapidly, and by a double drain, as it
re --(|), rapid evaporation from the sur
face ; 12), the water of the lower strata
quickly drains off— in a very short time,
1 depending on the coarseness of the Band,
ita depth, and the distance to permanent
water, the field ia depleted of water and
must be flooded again. Thus we see that
by this method also a much larger amount
of water is required to irrigate a coarse
than a finer soil. If now it is desired to
grow
SURFACE-ROOTED PLANTS,
Aa the cereals, corn, etc., it may readily
be seen, other things being equal, that our
sandy soils are not desirable ; and, in fact,
those crops will not do well in sandy sols
except they be constantly irrigated. There
is, however, a class of crips which is
adapted to euch soils. It is made up of
those crops which extend their roots to a
long distance in the soil, and which more
or less .- lade the ground. Alfalfa ia a well
known example of this class of plants, and
it is oft-, ii successfully grown where almost
tiling else would succumb to the
drought. If, as we have paid before, sandy
soils be mixed with humus or fine mineral
matter, the hygroscopic and capillary co
efficienta are often so largely increased as
to effectually protect tile surface roots
from the heat of the tun. With clay and
alluvial soils, whose hygroscopic and capil
lary coefficients are so much greater than
those of sand, and sufficiently great to se
cure moiature from a depth of three to
four feet, we are not so dependent on arti
ficial irrigation. In such soils the irriga
tion tile may be laid to greater depth than
in sandy soil 3 , thus increasing the depth to
which food roots may descend, and also the
drainage and tilth of the soil. Soils may
either be too leaehy, aa coarse sand, in
which case the rain and irrigation water
runs right through and leaves the surface
almost dry ; or they may be too compact,
as heavy clays, which are often so much so
that the water of ten stands on their surface
until removed by evaporation. Such il
treme soils are almost valueless, especially
in our California climate. The remedy for
leaehy soils is to incorporate vegetable and
tine mineral matter with it, and to plant
deep-rooted
LARGE FOU U.I'.U PLAN
For too compact fine soila, constant tillage
and thorough drainage is the best, if not
the only remedy. A perfect state of tilth
in clayey soils can only be secured by intel
ligent and persevering cultivation. Clay
9oils tilled out of eeasen are injured rather
than benefited. A few hundred pounds of
lime sowed broadcast over clay soils, and
thoroughly mixed in, will do more, and in
fact will quito effectually reduce the
adhesive clay soil to a state of tilth. The
effect produced by the second season is
quite perceptible. The soil then, instead
of drying in hard cakes, which are parted
by fissures, crumble up to fine powder, and
in the future the soil will wotk more like a
sandy loam than like pipe clay. This
remedy is so simple, so available and so
cheaply applied as to be worthy of trial by
every farmer who has even an acre of re
fractory soil. It is the capillary water of
the soil which furnishes most of the water
of evaporation. During dry seasons, in
soils where the capillary water reaches the
surface there is a continual ascent of moist
ure from the subsoil to the surface ; for each
particle of moisture which is evaporated
an.l passes into the atmosphere must be
replaced by another, and which is drawn
up from the sub-strata of the soil. This
constant upward current of water during
the greater portion of the year tends
largely to the retention of the soluble
inorganic salts within reach of the plant
roots. Those mineral an.l organic sub-
Btances which are held in solution by the
soil water are
-.r--.--.rr- rr. .r....
TO A LARGE EXTENT
Fixed by the soil from the descending rain
and irrigation water. This fixation often
occurs at so great a depth below the sur
face aa to bo practically out of reach of the
plant. But during the warm and growing
season when rapid evaporation ia going on,
they are redisaolved in the ascending cur
rents of capillary water, and are earned up
and deposited in the soil, where they are
immediately available to the plant roots.
Those materials which are not used by the
season's crop accumulate in the soil, where
they remain until rain falls, when they are
again washed down in the subsoil to remain
until evaporation again seta in, when they
are again placed at the disposal of the
plants by the ascending currents of capil
lary water. We see then, that one of the
functions of capillary water is to act as a
carrying medium between the subsoil ant
the soil, and to keep a supervision, as it
were, over the nutritive matters of the
soil ; to keep the roots of plants bathed in
a current of moisture and in contact with
their inorganic food. The circulation of
water through the soil by capillary action
increases the food supply by increasing the
soluble effects of the liquids of the soil upon
the inorganic materials of the soil. The
capillary action of the water in the soil de
pends mainly on the temperature and the
state of the atmosphere, and, secondly, on
the nature of the Boil. When the atmos
phere is saturated with mo'sture. that i-,
containa all it can retain, the evaporation
from the soil must cease. When this is
the case the capillary water of the soil re
mains stationary, or, perhapa, has a slight
descending motion, if the drainage he good.
This is the condition of things during rama
or heavy foga.
IN ORDINARY SUMMER WEATHER
The atmosphere is less than one-half satu
rated, and hence evaporation goes on com
paratively rapidly. The temperature, too,
largely influences the amount of evapora
tion. Other things being equal, the evap
oration increaaes with the rise of the
temperature ; but if the atmosphere be
extremely dry, a rapid evaporation may
even take place from fields of ice and snow.
When the atmosphere is saturated with
water vapor the soil absorbs water from
the atmosphere. The rapidity of this ab
sorption depends upon the nature and fine
ness of the Eoil, and of the amount of
moisture contained in it. The absorptive
power of the soil is thus Been to decrease
the loss of moisture by evaporation, and
this it is which accumulates much of the
plant-food from the atmosphere. In ex
pertinents made upon different grades of
soil, by thoroughly saturating with water,
allowing the excess to drip off, and then
computing the per cent, gained in weight,
it was found that the relative amounts ab
sorbed increased with the fineness of the
Boil. Quartz Band retained about one
fourth of its weight of water, light clay
soil took up 40 per cent., heavy clay 01 per
cent., fine limestone retained 85 per cent.,
garden mold 89 per cent., humus 181, and
tine carbonate of magnesia took up 256 per
cent, of its weight of water. This gives us
the relative amounts of water needed to
saturate the different soils. The saturated
soils were now subjected to evaporation for
four hours, and the rapidity of evaporation
was found to be inversely proportioned to
the quantity absorbed.
in four HOURS
Quartz sand gave- up 87 per cent, to the
heat of the sun ; light clay soil parted
with 52 per cent, of its water ; heavy clay
with 40 per cent.; fine carbonate of lime
with 2S per cent.; garden mold with 24..'}
per cent.; humus 25.5 per cent., and fine
carbonate of magnesia lost only 10.8 per
at. We see that the sand not only re
tained leas moisture, but it yielded almost
all of it up to the atmosphere in the short
space of four hours' exposure to the sun.
We need no extended practical esperi
ments to show ua that of all Boils it ia
the least desirable for hot climates. Also, I
when we know that water will rise to a i
much less hight in it than in most other j
soils, we see that we cannot hope to crop j
deep sandy soils to surface-rooted plants
witnont plentiful irrigation. Clay aoila
absorbed re'atively twice as much water
as did the sand, and gave up less than
one-half of its water to the atmosphere
in the fixed time. Fine limestone and
garden mold retained almost their own
weight of water, and gave up less than
o: e-third of it in the four hours ; humus
absorbed almost twice its weight of water
and lost only 23 per cont. by the evapora
tion, and the tine carbonate of magnesia
gave up only 10 S per c?nt. of the 256
per cent, it absorbed. Wo thus Bee that
the finer
THE SOIL PARTICLE •'.
And hence the more surface exposed, the
more water is absorbed by them, and the
longer time is required to extract it by
evaporation. Experiments were also made
upon different grades of the same soil, and
it was generally found that in those soils
whose bulk was increased by grinding the
imbibing power was also increased ; but
that in those like peat, humus, etc., in
which the bulk was reduced by grinding,
the amount of water absorbed by them waa
alao reduced. The imbibing power, then,
depends on the amount of surface exposed,
and if the nature ia such tl at the material
is compreaaed and rendered more compact
by mechanical grinding, as in peat, mold,
etc., the absorptive power ia lessened by
Buch action. An excessive retentive power
ia as injuiioua, though not so difficultly
remedied as is a too leaehy quality. Pure
humus or clay not only absorbs and retains
an excessive amount of water, but are,
when dry, only slightly and slowly influ
enced by the summer rain ; and when once
saturated they become soggy and cold."
With soils, as with many other things, a
happy mean is about the most profitable
and satisfactory.
THE QUIET HOUR.
Answers to May 6th,
1341. (1) Dora, Ont. (2) Hesther, Es
ther, (3) Etletta, Stella, Ella. (4) Daum,
Aum. (5) Daws, Awn. (0) Nopal, Opal.
; Dawk.Awk.
1342. Rain.
1343. Scnflower.
1344. Bateau.
1345. (Answer not received).
Answers to April Bth.
1325. Buffalo.
1326. Cymer, year, make, area. (Down)
Cry, ma, year, make, aria.
1327. " DRUGS
RIVE T
D V V l. A
GELID
STA D X
1328. Cupid.
1329. Smothering, mothering, etc.
1330. "That reminds me of a little
joke."
Rose— l 344, 1346, BUS. Rose says :
Although I have been indulging in a va
cation from puzzling, I have not lost sight
of the li- 11., and ought to have answered
and acknowledged those pozzies written
for me by H. E. P. and my friend 11. 11.
1 do not think the answer to the former
has been given (Pharisee and Sadducee).
To 11. 11. I would say :
" Spinning wheels" ami "band looms"
Are hidden away in unused roams ;
For ,:-.-. i- are the days when fingers deft,
.spun flax and wool for warp and weft.
And in huge ilil looms, wove with care,
" Home-spun" cloth for '.' bons_th <-d's wear.
Answers to Correspondents.
Gas— Oh, yes; the answer is right.
Evelyn — We have published the result
of the contest. Now please make your
award.
Hattie Heath — riease let os have the
summer address. We have a good reason.
Book is forwarded; title, "John Inglesant,"
a romance. Think you will appreciate it
better than the volume originally intended.
Don't let absence prevent contribution.
Correct, 1342, 1343, 1344, 1346.
J. H. C. — List filed. It is a good one.
11. M. C. — The prize for the best list on
the word "Mexican" is a valuoble oil paint
ing from the studio of one of our best
artists.
Mr*. M. J. lliller— List received of 264
words, and 47 Greek and Latin proper
names. Yes, it is an aid to spelling cul
ture — decidedly.
Laura A. Perkins — List received of 405
words.
New Tangles.
1349. Charade, by H. II. :
A first we eat, whole can't be beat,
So the Yankees say,
And mine in the land can understand
How to last a first as they.
1350. Diamond, by-Qaeat:
A letter; a worthless fellow; a woman's name; in
fluence; pertaining to a State or nation; a kind of a
bird; conical; a stripling; a letter.
1351. Half square, by Hattie Heath:
Here, and there; a fine kind of clay; r rn.le tartar,
to be highly excited; a word much used in chea_.U
try; surrounded by; i. letter.
1352. Enigma, by Bock :
I am composed of nine letters.
My whole is I useful invention.
But its mistakes mike one often vexed.
Butte rapidity annihilates space and time.
And its convenience compensates Io: its errors.
My :'.. ■__, 5 is a limb.
My 6, 7, 1 a rodent.
Mv 9. 4, 7, 1 decidedly warm.
My 7 and a you must find out by the others.
1353. Elongation, by Marina :
An obstruction ; a poet ami singer among the
ancient Celts ; in heraldry, caparisoned.
1354. Increasing word, by Alter Ego :
In full body ; the fruit of forest trees ; one who
has the right to command.
1355. Enigma, by M. A.:
lam composed of three. Whole lam a vegetable
infusion ; curtail and aid it to the beginning, con
sumed ; again, to corrode.
1356. Riddle, by Augusta Blake, dedi
cated to Hattie Heath :
A conveyance is my first ;
Mv second we love dearly ;
My whole is trampled under foot,
And often flogged severely.
1357- Rebus, by Captain N. Frank :
ST ING
O o
1358. Diamond, by Quiz, for H. II.:
In sand ; a plant ; a kind of mistletoe ; a plant ;
in san I.
1359. Beheading, by Rose ;
Behead a nail which shoemakers use.
To find a fable which oft will amuse.
And which, like pill ail sugar coated.
For its " true inwardness " is noted.
Once more, and by all 'lis allowed
To mean land either tilled or plowed.
Twice curtail, and now we see,
On..- whose life is wild and tree.
A native cf a far ff land.
bo wanders o'er the desert's sand.
Once more curtail, and see it rise.
Upon the Southern evening skies.
The Clever Diplomatist. When Tal
leyrand's friend Narbonne, the Minister
who had incurred the King's displeasure,
was once walking arm-in-arm with him,
and reciting some verses, Talleyrand, sud
denly perceiving, at a short distance from
them, a man who was yawning, interrupted
his friend, saying: "Narbonne, not so
loud ;" and he pointed to the yawning
man. Relating one day some infamous
trait in the character of one of his col
leagues, his hearers interrupted him, ex
claiming : "The man who could commit
an act of that kind is capable of assassina
ting." "Assassinating? no," said Talley
rand, calmly; "poisoning? yes." lining
asked on a certain occasion to define his
notion of an agreeable man, the Bishop
of Autun replied : "A man who agrees
with me." Lastly for these stories
could be collected almost ail infinitum
— when a troublesome acquaintance, who
had continually pressed him for alms,
thought he had clinched his case in one
instance by remarking, " I mast live, you
know." Talleyrand complacoritly replied.
"I do not see the necessity." [London
Society.
. .
PhtsICIAHB use Kidney-Wort in regular
practice and pronounce iw action petfe'.;t,
THE HOUSEHOLD.
1 Codfish Balls. — Take equal quantities of
mashed potatoes and boiled codfish minced
tine ; to each half pound allow an ounce of
butter and a well beaten egg; mix thorough
ly. Press into balls between two spoons ;
drop into hot lard and fry till brown.
Filet de Bikif Chateaubriand - Take
a large or double tenderloin . steak aud
broil it : have some Tirisicnne potatoes,
saute with butter, which put around the
dish. Have some good butter melted, and
a little parsley cut fine; add the juice of
half a lemon, mix thoroughly and pour
over your steak.
Excellent Pound Seed-Cake — Oae
pound of butter beaten to a cream, one
p un 1 of sitted lump sugar, one pound of
<_; oi flour veil dried, eight eggs, the whites
bra'en separately, and carroway seeds to
tas'e. Mix the ingredients and beat all
well tegetber for ooe hour. Pat the batter
into a cake-baking tin, lined with paper
and buttered. Bike in a moderate oven.
Lemon Toast. — Bast the yolks of three
eg£B and mix with tliem, half a pint of
milk ; dip slices of bread into the mixture,
then fry them a delicate brown in boiling
butter. Take the whites of thp egf»«, beat
them to a froth, add to them three ounces
of white sugar and the juice of a small
lemon. Stir in a small teacupfulof boiling
water, and serve as a sauce over the toast.
To Make Steak Tender — l'ut three
tablrsnooufuls of salad oil and ene table
spoonful of vinegar, well mixed together,
on a large flat dish, and on this lay the
steak. Salt must never be put on steak
hi fore it is cooked. The steak must lie on
this tender miking mixture for at least
half an hour to a side ; the toughest steak
will succumb to thi;, and be perfectly ten
der when cooked.
Jellied Chicken. — Br.il a chicken in as
j little water as possible until the meat can
easily be picked from the botes. Manage
to have about a pint of liquor when done.
I'ick the meat from the bones iv fair-sized
pieces, removing all ar:»t!.', skin and bone.
Skim the fa; from the liquor, add an ounce
of butter, a Utile pepper and salt, and half
a packet of gelatine. Put the cut-up
chicken into a mould, wet with cold water;
when the gelatine has dissolved pour the
liquor hot over the chicken. Turn out
when cold.
Stkwed Tosiiue - Cut up a slice of ba
con as for larding; sjiritkle the pieces with
sat, pepper, chopped parsley and a little
allspice. I.irrl an ox tongue with these,
and lay it in a saucepan with two slices of
bacon, four small bunches of parsley, two
sprigs of thyme, two carrots cut into small
pieces, two small onionß, a few cloves, salt
and pepper. Cover with stock to 1 which
has been added a girts? of slierry. Simmer
five hours, keeping the saucepan well cov
ered while serving. Strain the sauce over
the tongue.
Force Mi. Balls — Take seme lean
veal and pound it in a mortar and then rub
it through a sieve with a lit.. butter. Put
in a sauce-pan a little chopped parsley and j
onion, add some bread crumbs md rr.i.k. !
and stew gently until the onion is corked
(every fling must be chopped very fine),
put through a sieve and let it get cool.
Then add the yolk of three or f ,ur hard
boiled egrs, season with pepper, salt, and ,
add the yolks of a couple of raw eggs ; roll I
into small rolls and add to your soup fif- j
teen minutes before serving |
Chamtagse Jelly. — Tate twoonoceaof ■
gelatine, and dissolve it in a quart of
water; put this in a sauce pan with the
juice of two lemons and three oranges, two
whole eg_;s, two whites of eggs, a few egg
shells and three quarters of a pound of -
sugar, mix well, and add another quart of
water. Put the sauce-pan on trie fire,
stirring occasionally to make clear. When
it boils put the pan on the side of the
stove, and let it remain without boiling tor
til teen minutes, then remove it and run the
jelly twice through a flannel strainer, add
ing to it a pint of champagne. Pour into
one or more molds and set oa the ice to
harden. Turnout of the molds and serve
on col i plates.
Plcm Pcddiso. Pick and stone one
pound of raisins; prepare two pounds of
dried currants ; chop one pound of beef
suet very tine, and one pound of mixed
peel ; one ounce of mixed spice. Mix in a
basin oue pound of ll mr, one pound of
moist sugar, one pound of eggs well beaten,
half a pint of milk, fcur ounces of bread
crumbs. Add all the ingredients and mix
into a firm dough. Well butter a mold,
dnst it with flour, then fill it with the pud
ding mixture ; tie it over with a cloth, put
it into plenty of boiling water, and boil '
fast for eight bonis or longer. When re- j
quired turn out carefully, and serve with a j
gill of brandy burning in the dish.
Lett Monties sates thai M. Virlet d'Aonat
ha-) proposed to M. Dumas, the President
of the International Commissioß upon the
Transit of Venus, a plan for preventing the
clis'.urb-in.ies of irradiation. It consists of
an eclipsing disc or diaphragm which is
connected with clockwork so as to move
through the field of the telescope with the
same rapidity as the planet. The luminous
phenomena being thus withdrawn from the
eves of the observers, he thinks they could
better appreciate the precise moment of
contact, so that Bailey', method could he
practically applied an.; an approximation
of the solar parallax obtained which would
be much more satisfactory than was possi
ble at any previous transit.
To the Consumers of Ice,
rpilE RENO ICE COMPANY, WHOSE PRINCI-
-4 pal place of bu-iueaa is Sacrameuto City, at No.
bIL» X Street, have
5000 TONS OF ICE
Stored in their houses in the mountains. It ib of the
very best quality, made from the waters of the
Truckee river. Being ana ■ ■to sell be same, they
offer extra Enduoements to cou&umtrs, as the follow*
Ing prices will show
Ice by the Carload $7 per t>n
Ics by t s Ton, delivered. $9 per ton
Ice by the Hundred Pounds. . . 50 cents per 100 lis
Ice Less than LOO Ih*.. 'three-quarters fa Cent pt r R>
{Till guarantee the above prices to continue. Or-
ders toft at the above pla c will be promptly at-
tended to. Keno Ice Coniftany.
ml&3plm W. H. McINNIS, Ageot
Colonade House
.No. 1206 Market street,
SAN FRANCISCO.
rpc EASTERN AMI COUNTRY TRAVELERS
M. wecillat*. nt'ontoilii. ck-irantfln-t-clvshou'-r.
Rooms with lloarj, *1 2.',, $ l so . It) per day. Mar.
... '- street ('ara pass the iloor. . nils - (1 -f
ST.. -'.ii &. SONS' PIANOS.
Alil./«»V, SOLE .\... .-I, I„=-'~-.- ._ .
. atrtit, >". lixtr'i and !__eveuth,f-^c-^«.— T)
Opposite C.' iii.'tw PIA.VOS ivjjr $ t V
T.RT 1*».»..-. -.-i-l n* I^-t.ll-n.nt. m'*-'"rr-
NOTICE t.-, rU>USfcKEEPfcRS. j
STE\M' ■■■ i. fl.vQ MACHINE, CORNER !
►^ OanilT.. i nt.. Sacramento— only I
Seam Ctrp- I- .- _; machine in Ba r i:ii. r.tii
Cicaninir, hi' ■,•■• . .1 l.efittintr a Specialty. All!
wi.rk warrante-i. tn.r>...,v ri.n>..- 1. -if flrst-ciiuai work,
men. Order, left st UICKE .:.:...■ „' No.
.1 J strett; or. at residence, Twelfth and O street
a!3-3_ilm ANDREW HATHAWAY PmnriMnr
MATHEY CAYLUS'
Usc*l for over -i years with great sneoess by tha
rhyeicians of Paris, New fort and London, and
superior to all others for ilie prompt cure of all
capes, recent or of long standing. Put up only in
Glass Bottles containing &i Cupsukj, each. Price 75
cents, making them the cheapest Cai>sulcs in the
mark
=gAPSULES£r
CRACKERS 4 CONFECTIONS!
H FISHER, NOS. SOS AND 510 J STREET
* Sacramento, baa just takes the Whnlcsal
Agency of the CALIFORNIA CRACK COM PAN V
of San Francisco. CRACKEHS rold at lowest Sat
Kranciwo prices, with difference in time and frsizfa
in favor of purchaiiers. Also, FISHERY CHOIOI
OONFECI IONH.aI lowest market ratea. fe22-3pl"n
8 TATTLING
DISCOVERY!
tOST MANHOOD RESTORED,
A victim of youthful Imprudence caiifl-n^
Premature Decay, Nervcna Debility, Lc»t ", a _,
fjood, etc, having t.ieil iv vain every .*: .'>»
rercftlyjnis discovered a aimplr. i>rrt.l-'i-iirp,wL!cb
be trill f-i^J i'ity.V. to Lia f.-ll.,w.miirere-., .a.
C:..j J. ... E^T£jv«Ji^v>-m-t_». ). -■.
MRS. LYDIA E. PINKKAM, (7 LYKH, MASS.,
mi W
wffik iwgfc >>?7
U^rf-P^^^i\\Jim^yi4if:i
"Jty* CD &■ /S
LYDBA E. PINKHAM'S
VESSTABLE COMPOUND, j
" Is a Pogjtive Cere
for all lliA«e Painful Complaint* nnd WffltnfiiM
» > cotttnton to beat fviuulo population.
It will cure entirely tho wont form cf IVmale Com
plaints, nil ovarian Inflammation &nd Ulcers,
tion, Tailing and Displacements, and the conse'inpnt
Spinal Weakness, and is particularly adapted to th«
Change of Life.
It will dissolve and expel tnmors from the nt*rm>ia
an early (.tape of development. The tendency to can-
cerous humors there i* checked veryspeedily its uso.
It removes faiutness, flatulency destroysall craving
for stimulants, and relieves wcakneps of the stomach.
It cures Bloating, Seadachee, Xervous Prostration,
General Debility, Sleeplessness, Depression and Indl-
pestion.
That feeling of bearing down, causing pain, weight
an'l backache. is always permanently cured by Its use
It will .at all times and under all circumstances act Id
harmony with the laws that govern the female system
For tho euro of Kidney Complaint* uf either sex thlf
Compound Is surpassed.
lydia E. l'lN'iillAM'S TFCETABLE c«1
POCXIMs prepared at 533 and £35 Western Avenue,
Lynn,Ma_ss. Price Z'- SU bottles for $5. Bent by mall
in the form of pills, also incne form of lozenges, on [
receipt of price, Jl per box foreither. Mrs. Plnkham i
freely answers all letters of Inquiry. Send or pampfc
let. Address as above. _2T<ntfO» this ftiper,
No family should bo without LTDIA E. PINJUtUTS
LIVES PILLS, They euro constipation, blliouanws
and torpidity of tho liver. 25 cents per box.
$3- Sold by all I>rurj-:i.sts. "«*
P | DOES WIIV9
l WONDERFUL 11 1 J
: 'i CURES! Lu*,ua.wwjyi
hi BfcaoseUttcteon tho LITER, BOWELS
f*j and KIDNEYS at the same time, r. j ;
*•& Because it cleanses the system of the poison-
RT] ous h.umors tliat dovelopo in Kidney andtTri-
£• nary Diseases, Biliousness, Jaundice, Consti-
| raj pation, Piles, or in Khoumatism, .Nenralsia,
I H ITcrvwua Disorders and Femalo Complaints.
£.'. SEE WHAV -PEOPLE SAY :
J : I Eugene B. Stork, of .'unction City, Kansas,
i^ Bays, Kidney-Wort cured hlni after regular i'hj-
Bl sicians bad been trying for four years.
] ITI Mr . John Arnall, cf Washington, Ohio, says
■ g hcrboywasgivenuntodlo by four prominent
1 V: physicians and that Lo was afterwords cured by
, IN Kidney Wort.
( M M. 5L D. Goodwin, an editor in Chardon, Ohio.
{£5 says be was not expected to live, being bloated
M beyond belief, but Kidney-Wort cured him.
P I Anna L. Jarrett of South Salem, N. T^saya
9 that seven years suffering from kidney troubles
IrM : odothi rci .iplicaliuns was ended by ***c use cf
. t; Kidney- Wort.
{ tSL John B. Ijiwrenre of Jackson, .Tcnn.; suffered
. S3 for years from liver and kidney troubles and
. fj after taking "barrels of other medicines,"
|H Kidney- Won made him well.
M Micha"l Ooto of Montgomery Center, Xt..
C 3 sutrercd eight years with kidney difficulty and
S was unable to work. Kidney- made him
v " well as ever."
f) PERMANENTLY CURES
U KIDNEY DISEASES,
| LIVER COMPLAINTS,
H Constipation and Piles.
MB C?Tlt is put up in Dry' Veset able Form In
Kj tin cans, one package of which makirri ati quarts
P3 ofmediclne. Al_»..ih Liquid Form, very Con-
P*l f-ontrutcd, for those that cannot readily pre-
pjg ixireit. ■ .
WM 1 ff It nets irftft eijitnl t^trimrj in either form.
jj GET IT ATTETE DRUGGISTS. PEICE, «1.00
ga WELLS, KICUAItDSOS A Co., Prop's.
J Will send the dry post-paid.) nrul.l\'CTOt,TT. .
AUCTIONS.
SPECIAL SALE
1
G w 2? I C3> 30"
Of that well known and important FRUIT FARM,
known .is "rV-rv
Lewelling's Orchard,
ALIWIHA COr.VTV.
ON MONDAY, MAY 29, 1882,
j At 12 M., at our Salesroom,
: No. 321 Montgomery street
SAS FRAKCISCO.
\-\JE WILL SELL TBE ABOVE WELL-KNOWS
>V Orchard, " LEWELLINO'S," comprfaing 117
.i.rr-i of land in lull or." ar I prodnotlon, aud the
; iinj.rrrv. m.rrrt- and ik-i^om-iI property tbareod. The
net income annually i- £14 0 0 in I upward, a-i jht
! doeument-iry evidence in our [Mrr.ser_r3il.il, and will
I increase largely, tor tali particulars, apply at our
!Ccbb,Bovee^Co
SEAL ESTATE agjnts and AUCTIONEERS,
No. 321 Montgomery street;
S.4\ IKA MI ■»*'». mIS-isCt
.__*&. TET C 3 SE? E O 393".
1
SHERBURN & SMITH
I Will sell at auction, in fr nt of their Sale-room,
No. 323 X street, on
SATURDAY, MAY 20, 1382,
At 10:30 o'c'ok A. m.,
1 A I »•(.['. J.'.li OF Illirsi-lIUID GOODS,
(IV.IKIr.IMi :
: Solid M. -limit Reriroom B#t», Cottage Bed-
room Set-*, Spring aod Top llmtre_iic». feather
l'illo. l, Solas, Lounges; Extension, Oval Leaf
j anil Squire Tallin; O^rp-jts, C'ruckt-ry and Glass-
ware, Knives. Forks and spoons. 'lLis will be a
Icnp sale t>> close out.
mlD2t BHEI IthKX A SMITH, Auctioneers.
HELL & CO., Auctioneers,
WILL BKLL (0
1 SATURDAY, MAY 20, 1882,
a • At 11 o'clock a. m. sharp,
.41 Salt irooiu. 316 J nf. (btt. Ninth and Tenth),
!In put, w- foilo'Aß :
One Kay Mare, weight I. (00 p«oml«* ;
oue ring Wagon, one Ket Camafce Harness
(new); seven Assorted Bedroom Bets, Walnut
1.. <.-:■ via, Spring and Tr*p Mattresses, one "Walnut
Extension Table, one Kali bank Count .-■ lee,
oue Wardrobe, one Wardrobe B©ds**ad (Walnut).
one Center Table, one Ice Chest, one Parlor set,
h vrii pieces; nine Wool Pillows, one Bed lounge,
two Single Lounge*, two Cook Stoves aid Fixtures,
and .i bugs lot en Bracket*. dV Sale Positive.
ml - [B. C.) BELL, Auctioneer.
THE CROWNING TRIUMPH
OF
ELEOTRIO SCIENCE.
J '':^^^ DRf fe s \
noun p*Tt:\r nscnuc bklt
lea.ls the world in i/rand lnifrrr.-.em- i,vi, Bcientiile
I construction, OOOStasA electrical action. M .-t
. popular, powerful, cheapest-, durable arid effective
it: curiou diseases. Thousands of well known citizens,
merchants, mechanics, ministers, laborers, bankers,
lrhy»ic!_ir!-i. editors and Sr-natom cured of diseases
wfcicta defied all medical skill. This BKLT received
tbe highest Innnl snd »lp«l.'il» m Die < .ill-
Irrnili State Fair, lwry) and l*rl. The only
meda'a ever awarde.l by tbe fitite t> fclectric -rielts
Bad for HOBHE.B ELEfrTlilC UF.?.AL_L». T«tl-
monta^ of birjheiit character and valnaMe informa-
tion free. W. J. HORNE, ''""oprlrlor
M.Tiltir.irliiri r, "02 Market street, Siui -"■ '"
cmo, Cal. Agtatt ••--t'jd- mlB 3p3m&sw3a_3
AMUSEMENTS
COMING! COMING!
Look out for us ! L < 1. onl for ns !
TH3E3
EQUESGURRIGULUM
— AXB —
EQUINE PARADOX!
Will c hibit at the CIRCUS LOT.
Comer of Sixteenth and X streets,
FRIDAY AKD SATURDAY.
May !."!< and nth.
Don't Jail lo See the
BEST TRAINED HORSES
In the world ; together with
20 TWENTY STAR P3KFORMEBS. 20
j -admission, 50 ceiis ; Children, 25 cents. I
N. 8.-CRAND MATINEE AT 2 P. M. SATURDAY.
ml(i-5t
"THS EIGHTH ANNUAL PIG3IB '
OF TUB
HEITERKEIT SOCIAL CLUB
WILL BB HELD AT
EAST PARK GROVE,
SI. MIA V •«"' 21, l 88».
C^ATK PRIZE FOR GENTLEMEN, $7. FOR
X Ladit-a, $j. - '
/t-tT No disreputable characters allowed on the
r ground*.
Genu* Ticket*. s'> rents. J.nlirs Free.
ni!s-lw __^
SPRING
. RAGES !
AT
Sacramento, Cal
The Capital Turf Club
*?*r^i&'i&l'^rS2 <^-
WILL H!»LI> TUEIK SPKISO JllXriMi
11N
JUNE 14, 15, 16 and 17, 1882.
33,000 IN PURSES AND STAKES.
Trotting and Running
FIRST DAT.
1. RUNNING STAKE.lreefnrall. thren-quartcre of
.i mil dash ; $10 entrance, 810 forfeit ; stun added;
second to save stake.
2. RUNNING STAK?, free for all, mile dash ; $26
entrance, $15 forfeit : cl: r.i added ; second to save
etike.
_. RUNNING STAKE, hall mile dash, for two-year-
olds; $20 entrance, $10 forfeit ; 275 added.
. ■_•■""'-. ' ;:
BECOIfB DIV.
4. TROTTING— Parse, S2M; for three year-olds ;
mile heats
5. TROTTING— S2JO ; three minute class;
for hordes ill Ihe district.
6. TROTTING Purse, $400; 2:30 class.
TIIHCn DAT.
7. RUNNING STAKE, for thrae-year-olda, mile
and a quarter dash ; $10 entrance $20 forfeit; $150
added ; second to -.«ve i.tak*-.
8. RUNNING ST.4KV, free for all, dash of two
miles ; $50 entrance, $20 forfeit ; $200 added;
second to save stake.
0. RUNNING STAK", free for all. one mile and re-
peat; $25 entrance, $15 forfeit; $.50 added;
secoud to save -tnke.
FOI'KTH DIV.
i 10. TROTTING— Pure, $3'o ; 2:45 class.
11. TROTTINC-Purr-e, $".00; 2:25 class.
12. lii-.NTI.KMKN'-S BUGGY SIAKK, free for all
horses actually wed as rira itters, to be ...... hy
owners; $10 entrance ; $50 added; two miles out;
winner to receive whole amount.
All the above trotting races are three-in-five, un-
less otherwise S[iecilied; five to enter and three to
.Start; National Association ru - to Rovern Pacific
Coast Bioodbomo 0 ss-n:iatioii rules (old weights) to
rjovern Running Races. In Trottmp Races, 10 ntr
cent, entrance to accompany nominatioD.
I'ntries <n nil of liie nlinve l'ticrs rlii-e
Jinn- 1, ISS'.'. .
Trolling Parses divided at Ilic rale
CO. liOuuil In per >< in.
ADMISSION, SO C'HTS; LADIES FHEE.
CHRISTOPHER GREEN. President
W. I. Emery, Secretary ml 6 StoodTaTUS
FOR SALE.
Great Bargains
. — a
CADWALADER & PARSONS!
Real Estate Agents,
sn n*m NTO.
! The f'FA'rE>\iil hut: I. n tun-on
frame, h'.xV t in 1879; "-*-: room*, lurmfhed, adjoin-
ing the tN-f_t.it ii. i-. at DIXON. Sol mo cnutity.
Bar, Billiard K>>om atul Dan : Hall attached to
th« house. Hotae In good order uid non doinif
agooJ tra*_!c. Satiaftut ry rca&jiis given lor bell-
ii.,-. Price, only .- .<; *.
Good ««AIH FAUn, 2 .ti mllM wfNit
(rom I'ic'i-- t Grove, utter count) ; ItO acres ;
very ebon? ; #I^oo.
160-.irrf lIK4, 6 mllrn «onltirast from
nacramci to city ; tow pnKiucirif grain, fruit and
berries in abnndance. 'ihis land is hi ri and roll-
lag, abandantly watered, ani v a detfrablo and
profitable inveatment; $7,0f>0.
''-> >-■• '-'-'.' m id- .|).nt
FINE PHOTOGRAPHS!
— roil— iii
SI X>£SR IiOZBHT-,
At BEALS' GALLERY, 415 J street. mB-Sptl
MRS. G. N. LEVY,
FORMERLY OF lOCS EIGHTH STREET, IN
this city, beg.! tear* to Inform htr Sscrnmento
j friends and acquaintance!! who contrmphte vinitinf;
San Fntncieco durit.f; the «ummer season, that ahe
'■ it prepared to accotnntodate them with the beet ol
! table boar.l and lod/intr, at 1403 Vzn Nest avenue,
! between Bmh and Pine. a2a_2plmTuTliS
SMIMIiISCO AGENCY.
THE OEKERAL AGENCY Of THE
DAILY RECORD
> ■ B THI
SAGMMENIO WEEKLY UNION
IN SAN FUANCISCO
a at—
Xo. S Sew -llonlKonirry Strrrt,
3E»^3__.l.-__S*4.C»3I 3E-Co37J_!£H_..
ro.is 2|itl
IMPORTANT SALE.
BU2INEBBAXDRESIDENCR PROPERTY/-^
—Must bft a >ld. The stibstat.tUl tiltm- ■ -
H-'-n' Brick I'.ijjJ.i „'. N-. 53 front atreet. *'t JRlt
J -ii.:: / store of Oeorge M. i.)t>--i' y, and know _n
" Legget'a Ale House.*' One of the beat locations in
the city for Wholesale or Manufacturing Purpose*
Lot, IM feet deep to the alley in rear huildirg*,
21x100 feet; lately provided *|- new basemt-i.t
floor and u,eia.l r<pi'. a -.., Is a* Ind 2, Kand O,
Fifteenth and fcixleentu streets, upon vhich 1- *
Frame Dwebisg renting for $10 per month. These
lota are hi£h and dry, and ioci'/J in a I »ni m-r'.»-
-mx and desirable reiyho^rh'Kii. Propoeala for the
purchase cf the above *i!l \& received for SO daya bf
CADWALADfcKii PAKV»a\S, ThirJ and J atre^U,
Ba^raatteato, or CHAKLRS bTF.WAKT, 1421 1! de
s'.rett, han FranebHO. .So reaa-mabfe bflet niii W
re-fused. If not i-oid at t n -■. t<* sale, it *\\\ he offered
fci public aor.;u:» aaid -■."! 'o tie faifbut bidder
soiZ-iplm
Buntings !
AT
12 1-2 cents
PER YARD!
AT
Fifdi and Jsts., Sacramento.
. ■■
- — :}:
. :
AGENTS FOR TH". '
- 2'- : '-
■ ■■■- ■■■r,-'-
-.
Fazar Glove-fitting Patterns!'
- •'.. ' - '■'
aU-3 Pt(
03S3'
30 DAYS' TRIAL,
He will send on 30 llsyx' Trial
DR. DYE'S CELEBRATED
ELEGTRO-YOLTAIG BELTS
AMI OTHER
ELEOTRIO APPLIANCES
TO MSN
SuSartnx (rom Werwtnaa BcMllty. Lost Tlla!-
- and -IS.JH In.. .iI. mm _ (rom Abiue*-
.li.ii nil. IT rau-m : or tO unr person Dillieteri
with 3CliciiKiutlr.nl. Mil r.i Isl;-. I'i..|>..s.
"lilnnl 111 ,■ ii I lie-.. Lam? ■( •■<-, Liver mil
Kinney > rouble^. Hii|i>nrr>. md. oilier
diseases of Uie Vital Organs, -„- v relief
and complete resti/ratir •to L-calth
Tlir.vc arc the only Blcctrtc Appliance*
that have ever been r<*u*fi iti It ii u|in.l Sclen*
Uflc principle*. Their thorough efficacy has
been practically proven with the niei-t Monilciful
anerrMK. tve liavc 111.* 1.-.l iiiiir;. > of Un ■•
rtnniN «lio liavi- been ni.l,-i-lv nml null.
ealiy rurol by tbeir nw. AH we ai-k of >n>
person in to «ive II, tin a trial lor 30 days
ami be convinced.
Send at ones for lllfisiralctl Pamphlet.
giving nil Information. free. Addren-a
VOLTAIC GELT CO.,
mll-law3niS Mt'.'SIIAIL, nll'l!.
BBsaJßßcaisiißi^^saaEma^
CONSUMPTION CAN BE Cl'Siß
L^i.Ealsam
Tares oun;ini;itlo!i. Cnli** Pneumonia.
liillncnza, Itronrhlal IMflicnllleH, tow
chilli, ■ Iloaraeneai, Axtltina, troop
IVhooplns Couch, and all ■:'.-- . ... of tbe
Itrralhlns Organs. It tooth es ami bealo
the .lleinbrane of the Luo«a, I t.nird anil
lMil-i<»ncd by Ite disease, :>•* I prevent.
tbe night swetU-l and i'.';litiic. <n«T<ii.» Hie
rhi-»t which ur-ouipn-.v It. t'O^MI'MP-
TIO.V In net an It cmalile malady. II Is
only ncccimary to have Iks ri.;''t remsdrj
and HALL'S i:*l.-*r_!l is that remedy.
UO>'T IH>l'.l!i; OF EELMEr, lor this
benign sperlllc will mr» yon, even
Ibough professional a__ '..-. .
tT ABk for DR. WM. i' X r.I.'S BAt_3AM, and Uk»-
no other. KIKK. GRAJtI ._ CO.. Ageals.
tjt i t^wrgfraammmmme. ■■■^' tir^'n rjii.r.umitw pgs,
WK _____■ n'-r-- r fr ■- : ->''- r - '^
Henry's
CARBOLIC SALVE,
The Most Powerful Ilcaliuj Ointment
and Disinfectant aver Discovered.
HENRY'S CARBOLIC SALVE BKAU BURNS.
HENRY'S CARBOLIC SALVE I UHOHD.
HENRY'S CARBOLIC SALVE AIiAYS PAIN.
HENRY'S Ct'ItaSERUFTIONS.
HENRY'S CARBOLIC SALVE nEALS PIMPLES.
iIENRY'S CARBOLIC SALVE BXALB BRUISES.
Ask for Henry's ami use no other.
tT BOWrr-re of Counterfeits. "El
HENRY'S CARBOLIC SALVE
CURES PCISON OAK.
KIRK, CHARY A CO., Wholesale Agents.
OIS-3pTuTh_>&iwliwlyW
mM rrr:.T<rg;w!jL i "x , -_^ja«iua3'
THE GREAT SAUCE
OF THE WORLD.
BMmmmm
I.i .rs.ru tbs moot dclldo-ts taata sad .•'.-'. to
it MEII'IfALIiEN- ra SOUPS,
i N at. Mr.l- r j
ra', to his brother R'j IVIIA,
M.iy, I--.1. '^T Anif
BINS tbat their X .-- „ HOT A .....
aauee is highly cs- titri A: coi,i>
t"-mp<l In in<ii.i,|^_X — j
fi nd is in ray opln- fci^-^'c I*l HATS,
lon. the mont paI^FijSSSJ
table, ua weft ."g^JtMJIE, &.c.
the nr-st yrho'e- aSwat.A.T"., *- c -
Hl-.ll" snuce that L>BkJj_£ __/
H.'eTMture ls on crrrr too Of <;tNL'INK
WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE .
Sold as J "icl Sir KI»kOHl tliO vrr^rid.
JOHN DUNCAN'S SONS,
AatNTsry-TiiK /:--!.'.._.
.NLiV YOUK.