Sacramento daily record-union. [volume], August 10, 1890, Image 1

About Sacramento daily record-union. [volume] (Sacramento [Calif.]) 1875-1891

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VOLUME TI.
THE ORIGIN OF HEAT.
MEN MAY HONESTLY DIFFER FOE THE
GOOD OF SCIE-TCi..
Mr. Spear Make* an Able Defense of His
Position in R.gard to the Gener
ation of Heat.
The following communication will be
found to be an able contribution to the
discussion on the origin of heat :
Eds. Sunday Union : I thank you for
•inserting my former correspondence on
the "origin of the heat" that has action on
the surface of the earth. If my "views are
strange to you, it is only because they are
different than the views you now enjoy.
In all beliefs, among all people, the fellow
who is orthodox in popular convictions
invariably says of the man who is not or
thodox, "his ideas are peculiar, lonesome,
strange, dreamy, etc." Why is this?
Only because a new idea has been enjoyed.
My ideas are "strange" to you because you
either never heard them before, or else
yon do not believe them.
If you are a student of physics you have
heard arguments against the theory that
heat comes from the sun. It is a belief of
all men that anything they do not be
lieve is of necessity not true.
While tbis is a conviction that
is universal it is a most dangerous fallacy.
I say I am right as to the origin of heat.
I am not "alone" nor "lonesome" in this
conviction. There are millions of people
who enjoy my belief. There are hundreds
of as bright men and close investigators as
any who are acknowledged authority, who
do not believe the sun is the source of the
earth's heat. So I feel perfectly at
home when I deny (and with the facts
as gained from experience and observation
to back me), that heat comes to the earth
from the sun. My mind cooled down
and lost its excitement some time ago,
after I waded through the theories and
experiments of the following illustrious
physicists.
These men have experimented and the
orized until they virtually agree that they
know nothing, positively, about the origin
and extent of heat and light. They have
not yet proven whether light and heat are
substantial or waves in ether. They do
not know what heat is. I have quite care
fully examined the experiments and the
ories of the following able men: Langley,
Pouillet, Violle, Mauchot, Ericsson,
Henry, Rosetti, Vicaire, Dulong, Ijfetit,
Newton, Sporer, Lane, Young, Zofiner,
Secchi, Tyndall, Hoeckel, Mayer, Ilelm
holtz, Lockyer, Peirce, Newcomb and
Rogers, besides thousands of others whose
works have not been tuned to public opin
ion, hence did not gain for their authors a
place in the hearts of the people.
The above able men do not agree even
in theory. Newton, Rogers and others
declare that heat is substantial, while
Tyndall, Hoeckel and others declare
that it is a mode of motion. These men
do not agree on the basis from which they
must make their experiments. If they
are compelled to assume their basic fact it
follows that all the deductions are tiuged
with this assumption ; therefore, as their
base, is a mushy assumption, it follows,
- ' aud logically, that all their deductions and
theories are just as mushy.
Because tbese men assume or believe
and teach that heat comes to the earth
from the sun, does not prove the fact. It
is not even a rational argument in favor
of the conviction. The history of the
past is full of instances where the ma
jority were in error. There is more faith
exercised in so-called scientific teach
ings than is exercised in the religious
dogmas of the world. The pretended sci
entist fairly howls when the religious man
asks him "to believe, while he will turn to
so-called science and fairly live on its wild
and woolly theories. For instance, the
average man believes the earth inside is
very hot. He believes that at a certain dis
tance down all rock is melted. He
does not know this is true. While the
average religious man says up at a certain
distance from the 'earth " God is." He
does not know this; he believes it. Both
men exercise faith. One admits it is faith ;
the other yells science. He does not know
that the interior of the earth is excessively
hot. There are able men who deny this.
I notice, Mr. Editor, lhat you speak of
this internal beat; but Sir Wm. Thomp
son nnd George Darwin affirm that "the
cenlt-r of the earth is more rigid than
gla>s." Young enjoys the same opinion.
Over a million of men who accept the
zeteti'- tbeorv of astronomers, and those
who accept the electric theory of forces,
teun the »ame thing. So I find no real
. r.-ason for believing that the center
of tl>e earth is "red hot and stiil a heat
ing." I could readily believe that the sun
might be an electric light formed in the
center of the space occupied by the solar
sv. tern, but I cannot exercise faith enough
to believe tha center of the earth is made
of melted rock, etc., nor can I believe that
heat comes from the sun.
We will turn our attention to Pouillet's
"pyrheliometer" experiments. Tnis in
strument is constructed on the principle of
action and reaction. The same is true of
Yiolle's "actinometer." Neither of these
instruments prove solar radiation of heat.
They are just such instruments a< any
physicist would construct if he were go
ing to prove that heat does not come from
the sun to the earth. These two instru
ments are so constructed that if light
beams down on their bright and dark sides
the blades of the actinometer will revolve.
E u-h blade has a black and polished sur
face. As light acts and reacts on these
surfaces it transmutes into heat: and the
heat which the attached thermometer reg
isters comes from said action of light. If
light passes through ice the same results
are observed. Heat is not there, nor can
it be found until the force of light strikes
the blades and generates the heat.
The pvrheliometer is constructed on
nearly the same principle. It has a differ
ent method of getting at the same conclu
sion. These instrument- are supposed to
prove just how much heat a certain sur
face receives in a definite time from the
sun. It is considered positive proof that
the heat of the earth's surface comes from
the sun. But is it proof? By no means.
If light comes in contact with these in
struments heat is generated and they
mark the amount.
We will note the experiment of Mr.
Pepper, to which you kindly directed my
attention iv your note of reply. What are
the conditions of this exjiennient ? "Place
a red hot ball in the focus, etc." If the
ball is red hot, I hold that light and not
heat emits from it, to be gathered again
somewhere. This light can be refocalized
from the surface of another concave specu
lum, and in that focal point becomes heat,
and sets fire to the bit of phosphorus. If
the ball is not hot enough to emit light, I
know from experience that there will be
no refocalization from the second speculum.
So it depends on the refc*_dization of the
light emitted, and not the heat emitted.
If we place ice in such position that the
rays of light would pass through it to reach
the surface of the second speculum, or if
we place the ice so the reflected rays would
be compelled to pass through it alter leav
ing the surface of the second speculum be
fore they focalized, heat wouW be generated
, in tkat focal point. No heat went there
1 through the ice, therefore we look for the
heat in the focalization of the light. Irom
this it is learned that .Mr. Pepper's exper
iment positively proves my petition that
,e_t iocs pot and cannot come through
million, of miles (?) of co.d space and * ,11
be heat. I must repeat that light trai..
mute* into heat in ail f-unts where it k
K?_-3 The s.me is true ri electricity.
I, Transmutes into light and heat in the
arc light! on our streets.
_n the experiment with the ice lent,
ie "which I directed your attention in my
SACRAMENTO SUNDAY UNION.
former article, we discover that light
passes through ice as light, not as heat.
I hold that cruosic force holds the posi
tion of the cementing power in the ice,
but I can find no proof and less sense in
the theory that caloric force is in the
ice. The light passes through the ice
lens and localizes in. the focus of the
lens. At ,this focus it is converted into
heat. One can light his pipe through
ice. The light in focalization becomes
heat. The same principle operates in
eating bread. No surgeon can find vege
table corpuscles in my flesh such as made
the bread. No chemical or spectral an
alysis can find vegetable corpuscles in
human flesh. We eat them as such, but
in the body and mind they are destroyed
as such, and are converted or transmuted
into human corpuscles. In all our ex
perience the farther we get from the
source of heat the colder we find things;
as the distance increases the heat de
creases. If the sun is hot (I believe it is),
that heat is lost in cruosic force a short
distance from the sun, and none of said
heat reaches the earth. I could produce
millions of arguments to prove my posi
tion, if I had the space.
Langley's "spectro-bolometer" is a very
fine instrument in making quick and ac
curate notes of the rapid changes which
often take place. I am compelled to argue,
however, that you are wrong when you
carry the idea in your note of reply that
the spectroscope, or spectral analysis, is for
the purpose of analyzing and determining
heat. You will find that the spectroscope
is used to analyze a substance from the
light it emits, not from the heat. Of
course, when the rays of light act on a
prism, or set of them, in a spectroscope, a
certain amount of heat is generated.
Langley's spectro-bolometer registers this
heat, and also the electric force that is
generated and manifest. The spectro
scope, therefore, is not on the
other Bide against my position, as
you would make believe. Secchi says
" that the higher atmospheres are 18,000,
--000 degrees cold." There is no good sense
in saying that anything can penetrate this
chilly place and not be exceedingly chilly.
Flammarion says the space beyond our
atmosphere is cold and black. If all of
this be true you will find that in due time
the popular fallacy of public opinion will
fall, as have fallen all the theories of the
past. The higher we go the colder it gets.
Rogers says it has been demonstrated that
at one and a half miles high there is only
one-tenth of the light there is on the sur
face of the water, and at four miles the
spectroscope reveals none but the yellow
light, and that without lines. These facts
disprove the common belief of the people.
Therefore I am happy to inform you that
1 am not alone or lonely in my conviction.
I repeat it, that our heat is generated on
the surface of the earth. If we differ, we
will do so honestly, for the good of science.
R. O. Spear.
Sacramento, August 8, 1890.
CURRENT NEWSPAPER WIT.
A piece of Limburger cheese is like a
tack in one respect—you can always find it
in the dark. — Life.
There are some things a woman can do
as well as a man. but scratching a match
isn't one of them.— Somenille Journal.
Loobs —"Did the old gentleman leave
much when he died ?" Bobbs—"He left
the earth. What more could I expect ?"
First Little Girl (proudly)—"We are
goin' to Europe this summer." Second
Little Girt (contemptuously)—"Pooh '. Ye
shust game from dere."— Nar York Weekly.
Miss Lake (of Chicago)—"And I was
fairly frightened out of my boots." Miss
Broadway (glancing at Miss Lake's feet) —
"What a terrible shock it must have l>een."'
"Smithers? Smithers is a retired art
ist?" "Retired, eh? Why, he ia orfJy 28
years old." "That may be; but you don't
have to be very old to retire from art."—
Puck.
"Are these complexion powders war
ranted fast colors ?" "Well, Madam, I
cannot say that they will wash like the
natural complexion, but they won't rub off
on a coat-sleeve." — Life.
"Your husband appeared very dull
and sleepy in church last Sunday." "Yes,
he'd had a very exciting and wakeful
afternoon and evening the day before."
"Where was he?" "At a baseball match."
Mrs. Turist (to young Van Antwerp,
who has pulled her little boy out of the
icy water) —"Oh, thanks, so very much ;
but since you're as wet as you can get, would
you mind going in again for Willies hat ?"
— Jester,
We hail with rejoicing the bloom time
of year, for spring has departed and sum
mer is here ; we'll roam through the flow
ers and cull a sweet bunch, and give the
mosquitos a bountiful lunch. — New York
Sunday Times.
Sweet maid —"You are not afraid of
anything, are you, George." Callow
vouth—"Of nothing, Miranda, absolutely
nothing!" Sweet maid—'T am so clad,
for I hear papa unchaining Carlo. Good
night."— __«__. t Weekly.
"I wish you were like Mr. Bunting,"
complained Mrs. Larkin: "he's so consid
erate of his wife." "That's so!" replied
Mr. Larkin; "you ought to see the nice
light-weight ax he bought to-day for her
to split kindling wood with."
"Why do you have that great pitcher of
water on the window sill—to keep it cool,
I suppose?" "No; to have it handy to
throw on my husband when he comes home
late at night. Why, don't you know, he
could never find the keyhole if I didn't."
"Congressman Turner made a mistake
when he gave up the ice business to be
come a Representative." "Do you think
so?" "Undoubtedly. If he had stuck to
it for another year he would have made
enough money to become a Senator." — Lift,
Servant —"A newspaper man to inter
view you, sir." Candidate —"Tell him
I'm so hoarse I can't talk." Servant—"l
told him that, but he said he'd ask the
questions and you could nod, yes or no."
Candidate —"Tell him I have a stiff neck
and can't nod."
Small boy—"Papa, this book says that
when an office-holder in China gets rich
the people cut his head oil' and confiscate
his property, 'cause they know he stole it."
I. real statesman —"Jee Whittaker ! We
don't want any Chinese notions over here.
The Chinese must go."
"Oh, dear no, my son, we do not steal
the poor natives "of Africa now and sell
them into slavery. We just steal their
country and charge them a pretty little
rent for the privilege of living in it. Yes,
Ml --on, the world has improved greatly in
morals in the last half century."— Boston
Transrrifil.
■\Vife —'"James, if you are not doing
anything I wish you would drive a nail or
two on the outside corner of the kitchen,
so I can put up a clothes line." Husband
(with dignity)—"Susan, you will have to
do it yourself. I have sworn not to touch
a hammer until the strike is over!"—
Chicago Tribune 7
Miss AnnGular (in the hosiery de
partment) —"I wish to see some embroid
ered hose, please." Salesman —"Yes'm.
These are the finest made." Miss Ann
Gular—"How much are they?" Sales
man —"Five dollars a pair." Miss Ann
Gular—"Hm. They come pretty high,
don't they?'' Salesman — "Well, yes,
ma'am, they do; but you must remember
you are a tall woman."
She wore a tailor hat—
I sh>.il«l not have minded that,
Nor bet patent leatner shoe and gaiterette;
But 1 saw her on Broadway
Only just tbe other day.
And I thought it was her brother that 1 met.
For tho h_d a flannel shirt
And. what in>»t my filings hurt.
A pnadilly collar and a t >
A d ii !>;>.• breasted saciiue
W.th two buttons on the back,
md a blooming Knglish eye-ntMt in her eye !
— E. M. in Jwigs.
SACRAMEOTO, CAL., SUNDAY MORNING, AUGUST 10, 1890.
THE DAUGHTERS OF EVE.
IMPOETANT EFFECT OF THE BATH ON
THE CERCTJLATION.
!
i
How It Should Be Taken—Remedy for
Fat or Lean People—Putting by
Odd Pennies—Hints.
Perfect healthfulness is impossible with
out perfect cleanliness. Frequent bathing
is necessary to free the mouths of the in
numerable little sweat glands from obstruc
tions, and permit the eliminations of im
purities from the body. Another import
ant effect of the bath is its influence on the
circulation of the blood. A bath, properly
taken, invariably accelerates the circula
tion.
One should never bathe immediately
after taking a hearty meal, but should
wait two hours at least; nor should he
bathe when greatly fatigued. The best
time is just before retiring at night.
The entire body shauld be bathed two
or three times during the week in the
winter, and from three to seven times a
week during the summer months.
It should be remembered that a quick,
hot bath, especially when followed by a
cold sponging, is strengthening, while to
remain long in a warm ciath is weakening.
A hot bath is one in which the tempera
ture is from 85° to 105* a warm bath is
from 70° to 80°, and a cold bath, b_ow 60°.
There are many people to whom a cold
bath is injurious. It should not be in
dulged unless, when it is followed by dry
ing and rubbing, the skin glows, and a
grateful feeling of warmth is felt through
out the body.
It is desirable to exercise a little before
bathing, either by taking a short, brisk
walk or by using dumb bells or Indian
clubs for a few minutes. The temperature
of the bath-room should be from 75° to
SO 0. The regular bath of tbe average per
son should be taken at a temperature of
from 75° to 90°. The soap used should be
such as does not irritate the skin. There
is none better than the genuine white Cas
tile.
One should remain in the bath not more
than ten or twelve minutes, using soap
and sponge freely. It is well to use the
cold water faucet two or three minutes be
fore stepping out, or to take a cool spray
or shower-bath instead.
Immediately upon leaving the bath it is
well to envelope one's self in a loose gown
made of Turkish toweling or thick flannel.
This will prevent rapid evaporation and
the chilling of the body, and absorb much
of the moisture on the skin. The skin
should then be rubbed with a warm towel
till perfectly warm and dry. The use of
the flesh brush is strengthening and
healthful.
a remedy for fat or lean people.
It is proverbial that "people are never
satisfied." This is certainly true of fat
and lean people. The fat ones wish to be
lean and the lean ones fat.
I quote the regimen that reduced the
Duchess of Marlborough many pounds of
weight. You can adopt no better rules if
you wish to get rid of excessive adipose
tissue. If too lean, simply reverse the
process:
"No morsel of bread, cakes, rolls or
pastry. No tea, coffee, chocolate or sweet
wine. No potatoes, peas, rice, carrots, tur
nips, macaroni, cheese, butter, cream, cus
tard, jellies or sweets. Not a drop of ice
water. No warm baths. No flannel and
only enough clothing to keep warm. No
bedroom heat. Not a drop of any liquid
food at meals. In place of bread she had
fruits. Her diet was limited to two meals
a day—breakfast at 10 and dinner at 7.
She had the following bill of fare to select
from: Rare, lean meats, game and poultry,
soft-boiled eggs, sea foods, toasts, lettuce,
spinach, celery, cresses, fruits.
She had half a gallon of hot water to
drink every day, with lemon juice in it to
take away the flat taste. Cold water was
denied her, and ales, claret and cham
pagne strictly forbidden. She was even
forced to forego the luxury of bathing in
water, in place of which she had sponge
and vapor baths very frequently. Every
few days she took a fast, allowing the sys
tem to consume the adipose tissue. While
no limit was put upon the pleasure of rid
ing and driving, she was asked to select
the roughest, rockiest roads, and to walk
from five to ten miles each day in the open
air.
The Duchess followed these rules for
three years. She now weighs 140 pounds.
She is called one of the handsomest women
in New York. Hsr eyes are bright, com
plexion perfect, and she enjoys perfect
health.
PUTTING BY THE ODD PENNIES.
A small Satsuma jar, tbat stands on the ,
desk of a busy woman, receives the odd ,
pennies, or what she calls "the unexpected
money," that found loose in the pockets or
ia bureau drawers. There will never be
enough money in it to found a hospital, or ,
to build a home for insane dogs; there is I
always enough to send a posy to a sick ;
friend, a paper to somebody away off where '
reading material is very scare, or to buy a '
souvenir to somebody for abirthday surprise.
Once started and well managed, the box is
like the widow's cruse —never empty. Do
not count the contents except when you I
are taking stock with a view to a purchase, j
Counting seems to break the spell. Pen- j
nies are gregarious, and where one goes
■■other wants to follow.
I_st them form a community on the
savings-box and just see how they will
gather; leaves in Vallambrosa will be as
nothing compared with them.
some feminine hints.
Don't use loud tones when talking, nor
call men by their last names without the ;
required prefix. Men may treat you as a '
good comrade but they never marry such
girls. j
Don't come down to breakfast with a !
torn wrapper, slovenly shoes, "bang" done ■
up in curl-papers, and back hair in a I
craoker knot on top of the head. You
will never 6ee any one better to dress for
than those in the home circle. They are
the ones to be cheered by your sweet,
appearance, and not strangers. |
Don't be ashamed to help mother with
the housework. A practical knowledge
of bread-making, cooking, and the general
management of a house is worth more
than a smattering ol music and painting. ;
To know how to ""set" sponge for bread
is an accomplishment that no girl need
to despise. The kneading is a grand ex
ercise.
Don't make appointments with gentle
men, either at a friend's home or in the
park, or at any place bnt at your father's
house.
Don't marry a drinking man. If the
sweetheart will not give up the drinking
habit, it is very certain the husband will |
not.
Don't accept promiscuous invitations.
It only cheapens you, and draws you into
a circle of acquaintances you may some
time regret having formed. Young women
cannot be too careful about the company
they keep.
In a word, girls, try to be true women,
and by so doing you will gain an influ
ence, "which, like a sweet perfume, will
6hed its fragrance upon all with whom you
may be brought in contact.
Nellie B. Ward.
ART AND THE ARTISTS.
M. Eugene Gtiillatime, the eminent
sculptor, will succeed Jt. Hehert as head
of the French Art School at Rome. •*
For discovering a method to extract col
oring matter from coal tar the Society of
Arts of Great Britain has awarded the Al
bert medal to Dr. W. H. Perkin, F. R. S.
J. C. Horsley, R. A., has contributed to
the Edinburgh volume of minutes pub
lished by the National Association for the
Advancement of Art a paper attacking the
nude in art.
At Honoi, Tonquin, the statue of Paul
Bert, by the sculptor Leloir, was unveiled
with due honors on the 14th of July.
General Bichot held a review of the garri
son. The statue was the result of a public
subscription which got together about 40,
--000 francs.
The President of the Photographic Con
vention which met at Chester, England, in
July, reported that nothing of great im
portance te photography had been discov
ered during the preceding year. Colored
photographs, more or less imperfect, had
been made, but whether they should ever
get a chromatic negative process vr.i- U
present entirely a matter of conjecture. "
The new portrait of Professor Huxley by
his son-in-law, the Hon. John Collier, (a
son of Sir Robert Collier, now Lord Monk
swell,) shows the champion of evolution in
his study with books and papers about
him. A former portrait by the same art
ist showed the militant professor in Ham
let's attitude with a skull in his hand.
This was a happy hit, seeing that Professor
Huxley has done much to revive theories
of race founded on the shape and brain ca
pacity of skulls found in caves and else
where deep under ground.
According tothe World of London the
sum of $50,000 was subscribed by Sir Ed
ward Guinness, and the same amount by
the Messrs. Rothschild, toward the $275,
--000 paid for three pictures belonging to
Lord Radnor at Longford Castle, the Hol
bein, the Velasquez, and the Moroni.
George Augustus Saia objects that it is
wrong to "sink such an enormous sum of
money as $275,000 in the purchase of old
canvases." He thinks that it is equivalent
to depriving at least a hundred living
British painters of a chance of selling
their works. It is said that one dealer in
the fine arts offered §240,000 for these pic
tures, and another bid $250,000. There is
a rule of the National Gallery that no
portrait shall be bought or accepted unless
the sitter shall have been dead ten years.
But the rule has just been broken with the
enthusiastic consent of Lord Hardinge,
Chairman of the Trustees of the National
Gallery, in the case of Robert Browning.
The portrait of that poet by Rudolph
I__hmann has been accepted as a gift from
the painter with all the thanks possible.
Sir Everett Miliais says it is admirable,
and Sir Frederick Burton writes to Mr.
Lehmann: "Posterity will see in it the
best portrait of the man in his vigorous
maturity, and as his friends love to remem
ber him."
PEOPLE WHO ARE TALKED OF.
Senator Sherman's large fortune is said
to yield him an income of 12 per cent.
Mildred Conway, daughter of Moncure
D. Conway, is in Italy studying music.
Ward McAllister will help to maintain
the tone of Richford Springs this sum
mer.
General Manager Beck of the Illinois
Central Railroad began life as a train
hand.
The Empress Frederick has collected
$125,000 for the Children's Hospital in
Berlin.
General Boulanger is said to lie writing
a drama, with Robert Emmet as the cen
tral tigure.
The Empress Eugenic is in Norway,
traveling under the title oi Comtesse de
Pierrefonds.
John P. St. John is stumping Nebraska
"for God and home and native land"—and
£50 and expenses per stump.
Governor Nicbolls of Louisiana should
join the Republican party. He doesn't
talk like a Louisiana Democrat.
The King of the Sandwich Islands, Kal
akaua, accompanied by his sister, Princess
Lelina, will visit England in October.
Samuel Day of Wesley, Me., has killed
in twenty-five years 220 bears and cubs, for
which he has received $2,000 in bounties.
It is announced that Chief Justice Mor
ton, of Massachusetts, will resign his of
fice next moath, after thirty-years of serv
ice.
Rila Kittredge, of Belfast, Me., has
written President Harrison's last message,
containing ten thousand words, on a postol
card
A French scientist named Laborde has
announced the discovery of a new ana_
thetic, which he claims to be superior to
all others.
Mme. Albani will take her holiday in
I Scotland, as usual, this year. Her mother
was a Scotchwoman, hence her love for the
Highlands.
Minister Frederick Grant and Mrs.
Grant are taking a two-months' holiday in
the north of Germany and the Scandinav
ian countries.
Constance Fenimore Woolson has a de
cision of speech and a charming way of
j going to the root of a matter that makes
; her a delightful companion.
The Rev. E. R. Atwill, D. D., of Toledo,
! O, will in September be consecrated as the
' first Bishop of the new Protestant Episco
pal Diocese of West Missouri.
The German Emperor on his travels al
ways has with him a big box filled with
the decorations of various orders, to be
: stow according to his philanthropic fancy.
j One of the belles of Washington is Miss
' Susie Bate, daughter of the Tennessee Sen
j ator. She is a vivacious blonde, rides well,
' dances well and performs cleverly on the
banjo.
The Rev. Elisha Holland of Goldsboro,
N. C, is growing younger as his years in
crease, paradoxical as it may seem. He
is 80 years of age, and has just cut a
tooth.
I Carlyle says that the unconscious actions
of great men alone give us their completed
j worK. Stanley's present work is full of his
. unconscious greatness. It crops out every
where.
! Emperor William has contributed 10,
--000 marks toward the fund which is being
collected for the purchase of the famous
Sulkowski collection of bric-a-brac and
curiosities.
I It costs the English Government 82,
--962,000 annually to support Queen Victo
ria and her immediate f_mily. It takes
$5,000 to defray the railroad expenses to
Balmoral on each visit of the Queen. •
The first colored female to graduate from
the department of music of the University
of Pennsylvania is Miss Ida E. Bowser.
She is an accomplished violinist and has
arranged several creditable compositions.
• Captain Williams, a resident of Jefler
sonville, who has been blind for twenty
five years, is recovering his sight. He is
of the opinion that the glare of an elec
tric light in his room is effecting the cure.
The first Asiatic scholar ever presented
for graduation at a Canadian university is
Jucs Kono, a young Japanese, who re
ceived the degree of B. A. and a gold
mcdi.l for general proficiency, at Victoria
Univeraity, at Coburg, Ont.
Herr Peter Lechner, connected with the
Weather Bureau Service of Austria, is
known as the loneliest man in Europe. He
is stationed on the top of the Schonnblick
mountains, in the Austrian Alps. Some
times he does not see a human f^ce for
months.
A Sure Sign.
"That must be a Boston girl."
"Why do you think so ?"
"She's all'freckled."
"How does that make her a Boston
girl r
"Well, you see, she has her specks on."
— Boston Courier.
MUSIC AND THE DRAMA.
WHAT HEHBY IEVING BAYS ABOUT
ACTOB-MANAGERS.
i
George Holland's Practical Jolting-Ed
ward Strauss' Great Orchestra in
New York—Stage Notes.
Henry Irving, in the Nineteenth Century,
says: I entirely agree with those whose
anxiety for the welfare of the stage would
relieve actors from the cares of manage
ment, for I have often wondered how act
ors have ever been able to retain, tis man
agers, the popularity which they may
have won as artists, or why, experiencing
the troubles of management, they have
ever continued to hold the reins. In the
exercise of their art they are in some ways
desperately handicapped, for a large por
tion of the time and labor which would
almost insute artistic success is required
by the needs of the purely business aspect
of the undertaking. None can know, ex
cept by personal experience, the worries to
which a nervous or excitable manager can
be subject; and when to this is added the
fact that frequently actors have sacrificed
in the vortex of management whatever
fortune they may have achieved in the
practice of their" art, the surprise is uot
diminished. The small competence with
which some of our greatest actors have re
tired was generally made after they had
relinquished management. Thus, regret
fully as Macready retired from the direc
tion" of Drury Lane —and his regret was
almost equal to that of the public whom
he had so well and faithfully served—he
was compelled to play engagements
throughout the country in order to realize
some provision for his later years. Such,
also, is the record of Charles Kean, Charles
Matthews, Webster, Buckstone, Phelps and
others. It would certainly have been bet
ter for them if they had resisted the blan
dishments of management, and relied for
their fortunes on their individual powers
as actors. That the public would have
been the losers I believe, for none know
"better than actors the value of a well-cast
play, or are more willing to give to the
public the full excellence which they can
command. They, as artists, are generally
more fastidious than others, and therefore
more anxious for that thoroughness and
conipleteniss that they so well appreciate.
The fitness of artists to deal with artists
ought never to be called in question.
The charge of jealousy among actors is
nothing—they simply share this quality
with the rest of mankind. A somewhat
similar allegation is equally made against
lay directors, who are now and again
charged with favoritism.
It will be asked why actors should de
sire at all to be managers if the benefit of
such labors is not mainly to themselves.
The answer may be given that there are
sometimes other and higher aims than the
mere accumulation of money. Fortune
may follow enterprise, but every artist
does not make it the chief end or aim of
his effort. He loves his work. What
pleasure, for instance, can be greater than
that of guiding the talent of younger peo
ple ? Any effort in this direction is a pub
lic good. In a country where there is no
academy the only professors of acting are
the actors, and the only true school for
acting is a well-conducted play house. For
the first three years of my early stage life
I had engagements at theaters then under
the management of actors—Mr. Davis of
Newcastle, Mr. Wyndham of Edinburgh,
and Mr. Glover of Glasgow—and each of
them took pleasure in imparting to the
younger members of their companies, as
well as circumstances permitted, some of
their own stage knowledge and the rudi
ments of their art. I then spent some
years in another theater under the man
agement of a proprietor not an actor. Dur
ing the whole of these later years I missed
grievously the sympathy and advice
ol my old actor-managers, and I had to
grope ray way as well as I could without
counselor or friend. I make no attempt to
argue the question as to the right and
proper people to become the managers of
theaters. This is a matter which the
public decide for themselves. I speak from
an experience of over thirty years, and of
this country only; and I can say, without
hesitation, that the managements which
have benefited and advanced our. calling
and added vastly to the intellectual re
creation of the people have been those of
actors.
oeorge Holland's joke.
From "The Autobiography of Joseph
Jefferson," in the Century, we quote as fol
lows: "George Holland was distinctly an
actor of tbe old school, invariably in
troducing even into modern characters
its traditions and conventionalities; his
effect were broadly given, and his person
ality was essentially comic. He was quite
an old man when I first knew him, and I
had serious doubts as to whether our ac
quaintance in the theater would be an
agreeable one; for by the terms of my en
gagement I was to hold a leading part as
the comedian of the company, and lie,
who had always occupied that station, was
placed as second to me. I naturally
thought that feeling himself comparatively
subordinate, and that I, a younger man,
was to outrank him, he wouid, by his man
ner at least, resent my intrusion upon his
former ground. I was, however, agreeably
mistaken; for I found him too generous a
man to harbor any jealous feelings, and to
my gratification we were friends from our
first meeting. It is pleasant also to know
that this relation existed over many years,
and np to the day of his death.
"The useful career and unblemished
character of George Holland will be re
called by all who knew him. He lived,
a bright and cheerful spirit, in this world
for eighty years, for time could not age his
youthful heart. He was the merriest man
i ever knew. Practical joking was a pas
sion with him, and though his pranks
were numerous, by some good fortune they
always ended innocently and with harm
less mirth. I remember that on one occa
sion, when some goldfish had been placed
in the ornamental fountain in Union
Square, Holland dressed himself in a full
sporting suit, and with a fish basket
strapped upon his shoulder, a broad
brimmed hat upon his head, and a rod in
his hand, he unfolded a camp stool, and
quietly seating himself in front of the
fountain began to fish, with such a patient
and earnest look in his face that no one
could have supposed that it was a practi
cal joke. This strange spectacle soon at
tracted a curious crowd about the sports
man, who, with a vacant and idiotic smile,
sat there quietly awaiting a nibble. A
policeman soon forced his way through
the crowd and arrested Holland, who ex
plained with a bewildered look that he
was fishing in his own private grounds.
The policeman naturally concluded that
the intruder was some harmless lunatic,
and, patting him kindly on the shoulder,
bade him go home to his friends. Holland
burst into a flood of tears, and while af
fectionately embracing the guardian of
the law contrived to fasten the fish-hook
into the collar of the policeman's coat,
who walked slowly and sympathetically
away, unconsciously dragging the line and
rod after him. The crowd, seeing the
joke, roared with laughter as Holland
quickly made his way to the nearest omni
bus, which he reached before the infuri
ated policeman could catch him."
THK _______ ORCHESTRA.
New-Yorkers»are showing high appre
ciation of the great privilege which
they are now enjoying of hearing the
famous Strauss dance music performed by
the famous Strauss orchestra under the di
rection of the famous Eduard Strauss.
The view of the grand auditorium while
the Strauss concert is going on is an en
chanting one. Right in the middle cf the
hail, upon a circular platform, is seated
the orchestra, with Strauss h'.mself bend
ing about like a willow, as he marks out
with his fiddle bow waltz pictures in the
air, dances infinitesimal waltz stc'j>s under
the intoxication of his own music, his face
all the while expressing the intensest in
terest and the most thorough enjoyment.
Upon the floor are a couple of thousand
people, for the most part sitting in chairs
about the little round tables in family
groups, little parties oi friends, or, as it
may be. chance circles, in which no two
persons know each other. The back
ground for this floor scene is the balconies
with their grand concourse of people.
Now, the critics may have decided that
Strauss is not Thomas nor Nikisch, and
may have autocratically settled that his
brass is too exuberant, and that there is
something wrong with his wood and like
wise with his stringed instruments, and
possibly he is not the contrapuntist of all
contrapuntists, as some others are, but no
one needs to question what the people
think who hear his waltzes and his |K>lkas,
after once viewing the scene in the Garden
while the music is playing. If there is
not an all-pervading wish running
throughout the entire audience that the
chairs and tables might suddenly vacate
the floor and opportunity be given for
waltzing, then the wistful eyes, the nod
ding heads, the tapping toes and the un
dulating bodies have still to be accounted
for. — New York Times.
artemcs wari_s last jest.
Joseph Jefferson relates what was prob
ably the last jest of Artemus Ward.
When the famous wit lav dying in
Southampton he was tended" by his de
voted friend "Tom" Robertson, the English
playwright, who was also a friend of Jeffer
son.
"Just before Ward's death," writes Mr.
Jefferson, "Robertson poured out some
medicine in a glass and offered it to his
friend.
"Ward said, 'My dear Tom, I can't take
that dreadful stuff.'
"Come, come,' said Robertson, urging
him to swallow the nauseous drug; 'there's
a dear fellow. Do now, for my sake; you
know I would do anything for you.'
" 'Would you ?' said Ward, feebly
stretching out" his hand to grasp his friend's,
perhaps for the last time.
" 'I would, indeed,' said Robertson.
"'Then you tike it,' said Ward. The
humorist passed away but a few hours after
ward."
stage notes.
Miss Alice Harrison has been engaged
for "The Fakir" Company.
The historical Drury Lane Theater in
London is to be pulled down.
The sale of seats for the Palmer Com
pany commences ou August 18th.
McKee Rankin's "Canuck" is the most
perfect character bit ever seen iv New
York.
"Old Jed Prouty" begins his season at
the Hollis-street Theater, Boston, Septem
ber Ist.
W. 11. Nelson, with "Zig-Zag" last sea
son, has signed with the "U. S. Mail" as
musical director.
"The Crystal Slipper," in spite of warm
weather, is drawing immense audiences to
the Chicago Opera House.
Arthur Chase, for many years manager
of Lawrence Barrett, will next season man
age Miss Margaret Mather.
E. E. Zimmerman has signed a contract
whereby he becomes Joseph Haworth's
manager for a term of years.
Howard P. Taylor has completed the
dramatization of Mark Twain's work, "A
Connecticut Yankee at King Arthur's
Court."
Lewis Morrison has arranged with Al.
Hayman to play a tour of the Pacific
coast next summer with his great produc
tion of "Faust."
Rehearsals of "Bluebeard, Jr.," which
will be sent on the road next season in
very elaborate style, will begin at Chicago
the first week in September.
Lawrence Barrett's friends are rejoiced
at his rapid recovery from the distressing
affection which threatened to end his pro
fessional career and eventua.ly his life.
Herr Otto Rathjens, the famous German
baritone, who has been engaged for three
years for the Emma Juch Grand English
Opera Company, has arrived in New
York.
Postmaster-General Wanamaker is said
to be contemplating injunction proceed
ings against the "U. EL Mail" for carica
turing him in the part of John Money
maker.
Russell's comedians, in "The City Di
rectory," have been crowding the Califor
nia Theater, San Francisco, to the walls
ever since the opening of the four weeks'
engagement.
George Backus, who played the part of
the lively reporter in "Held by the Ene
my so cleverly, has been engaged by H.
S. Taylor for the part of Caleb Cornish in
"Aunt Jack"
Mrs. Peters gained the first prize of the
Royal Botanical Society, of London, for
the floral decoration of her carriage. One
of the first to congratulate her was Mrs.
Frank Leslie !! !
Annie Pixley will sail from England
for this country on August 13th. Miss
Pixley will open her season in Philadel
phia "on September 15th, in a new play by
J. Connor Roach, entitled "Kate."
Donnelly and Girard have begun to re
hearse their "Natural Gas," which has
been so much altered as hardly to be rec
ognized. The "Gas," however, will be of
better quality than it has ever been.
Miss Lillian Billings, who made such a
ftvorable impression as Hazel Kirke, with
Mr. Couldock, and May Blossom with the
late Mr. MiGinley, is one of the most
promising of our leading juvenile actresses.
The A. M. Palmer Company will open
at the Metropolitan Theater in this city
on August 19th in "Captain Swift." The
play is a powerful one, and has drawn
large houses wherever it has been pre
sented.
M. B. Leavitt has contracted through
Messrs. Randall and Dickson to take Hu
bert Wilke on a special tour of the Pacific
coast for sixteen weeks in "Petti, tbe Vag
abond." He opens at the Bush-street
Theater August 25th.
Gustav Hinrich's new grand opera,
"Onti (.ha," was introduced to the public
Monday evening, July 28th, at the Grand
Opera House, Philadelphia. "Onti Ora"
is the Indian name for the Cut-kill mount
ains, in which the 6cene is laid.
Miss Ollie Archmere, the charming
soubrette who has lately come to the front
as an opera singer, made a decided hit in
Dayton, Ohio, according to the Dayton
iVetrs. She is a Sacramento girl, and is
known here as Miss Delia Berry.
Mrs. Leslie Carter will stick to Paul
Potter's name for the play in which she is
to appear. It is called "The Ugly Duck
ling," and it is written on the lines of a
sketch from the pen of Hans Christian
Anderson, the Danish poet—an exceed
ingly appropriate title.
The new play, "Honest Hearts and
Willing Hands," which Duncan Harrison
has been writing for John L>. Sullivan, is
now completed. It is said to be an excep
tionally strong one, with ample opportu
nities for John L. to prove himself an
actor as well as a fighter.
Little Kate Foley, who is going to sing,
dance and caper to the public through the
medium of tbe Jsoubrette role in George
Stanley's "Royal Pass," next season, is
spending her summer at Leland's Ocean
Hotel, I_ >ng Branch, and putting in most
of her time in the festive bathing suit on
the sands.
IN RELIGION'S REALM.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO MINIS-
TEES AND LAYMEN.
Expressions of Opinion l>y Newspapers
Representing the Various Denom
inations, on Many Subjects.
The Preshyierian Banna- remarks : "The
Sub-Committee on the Permanent Organi
zation of the World's Fair at Chicago in
1593, at its meeting in Philadelphia, made
a bad start. It is said that it was unani
mous in expressing the opinion that Un
fair should be open on the Ixird's day. If
this should be the tiual decision, it will be
a source of deep regret to the great body
of the people of this country. We hope,
however, that a diilerent course will be
adopted. An enterprise such as this can
not expect success if it sets at detianee the
convictions of the great body of the peo
ple, the law of the land and the law of
God. Those who have this matter in
charge might as well settle this point at
once, so that the people may know what
to expect and how to act/
"A church is not made 'free' by a simple
abandonment of the system of pew-renting
or pew-ownership, and a resort to various
criss-cross methods of raising a revenue."
remarks the Watchman. "A chnrch is
made free by the spirit of its members and
attendants. We can easily imagine a
church advertising 'free seats,' that is
really not so free io the public at large as
one in which every seat isowned or rented.
The spirit of hospitality, the welcome
shown to strangers and occasional church
goers, does far more to determine the status
of a church as 'free' or as as private corpo
ration than any specific tenure of seats.
We all ot us have friends in whose houses
and gardens we are more 'free' than in the
public park, with its signboards and cau
tions not to pick the Howers or walk on the
grass."
"Had the dreadful disaster which befell
on Lake Pepin a week ago Sunday hap
pened a generation earlier, what warnings
would have come from pulpit and press,
on the consequences of breaking the Sab
bath !" says the Christian Leader. "It
would have been a clear case in which
God had unmistakably stricken in His
wrath the wicked people who had pre
sumed to break his holy law. We have
not as yet had opportunity to see, but we
doubt if we shall be permitted to see, a
single instance in which the dreadful
event will he turned into a warning.
The change in this regard that has come
over the public mind is so widespread
and deep that the smallest of sectarian
zealots are compelled to abate the zeal
that never was according to knowledge.
Once the plague, cholera, and even minor
forms of pestilence were regarded as tok
ens of God's wrath upon a sinful world.
Now they are seen to have their occa
sions in climatic and sanitary conditions
in which human sinfulness is hardly so
much a factor."
The New York Independent says: "The
Committee of Arrangements for the Epis
copal Church Congress has withdrawn its
invitation to the liev. Mr. MeQueary, of
Ohio. But it should be understood that
the invitation was withdrawn uot by way
of yielding to the criticisms which have
been raised by his appointmeat, and not
because he has uttered heresy on any
questions, no matter how fundamental,
connected with the doctrine of the Pro
testant Episcopal Church. Under the
constitution of the Church Concress any
person in good canonical standing may be
invited, and when opposition was made to
his appointment, the very fact that he was
complained of as being heretical was really
a reason why he was appoiuted, as a pro
test against theological exclusion. But
the case is now altered. Mr. MacQueary
has received warning from his Bishop, and
the first steps of ecclesiastical process have
been taken against him. He is now no
longer in unquestioned canonical standing,
and under these circumstances the Com
mittee of Arrangements have felt it their
duty to withdraw the invitation we regret
they ever gave."
The Jewish Messenger says : "The citi
zens' movement in New York may be an
indication that the silent class is organiz
ing for action. We trust it is. But it
must take warning from the fate of other
citizens' movements, loudly heralded,
which died an early death, unwept and
unsung. It must disassociate itself from
all who would make it a machine tor their
own political advancement. It must be
pure from the start. It must be broad
enough to represent more than the kid
glove interest. The great body of our
working population are no less citizens,
and they are as profoundly interested in
clean government. Let us have no sepa
ration. A citizens movement, to succeed,
must be free from cast and hyj>oerisy. It
must spring from the people and be re
cruited by the people, depending on the
people for its power and inspiration. It
must have confidence in the people and
their innate love of righteousness No
class, no body, no individual should be re
garded as insignificant. It must send its
workers among the tenements as well as
brown stone fronts, and the humblest wage
earner must be taught to recognize that
they are his truest friends."
"It is a lamentable fact," says the Ex
aminer (Baptist), "that many ministers
have a very different standard of condnct
when oil' on a vacation from that which
they maintain at home. With the black
coat and stiff collar they put off their
usual social and moral code, and with
flannel shirt and felt hat they put on man
ners that would astonish their best friends.
The people who sit in pews are not able to
see why a man should not preserve the
manners of a gentleman, though he wear
a slouch hat, or why Christian proprieties
are inconsistent with a corduroy jacket.
Many ministers are less careful about their
conduct when away from home than the
average layman. We know one preacher,
famed for his eloquence, who is an ardent
fisherman, but so currish and boorish that
he can with difficulty Snd a boatman to
row hin% We know another, of conti
nental fame for missionary zeal, who spends
weeks at a summer resort without once en
tering a neighboring church of his own
faith, that languishes for lack of the help
he might easily give. One might hastily
conclude that such men ought not to be in
the ministry at all, yet the praise of both
these men is in all the churches, and this
lapse of theirs is evidently due wholly to
carelessness, to undue relaxation of accus
tomed bonds. Evidently there is reason
for circumspection in the ministerial vaca
tion."
The New York Observer says: "Cardinal
Gibbons talks of reaction against Puritani
cal customs. But there never were any
Puritanical customs in the countries where
'a sacred Sabbath is most despised and
hated. In Great Britain and America the
sacred Sunday has been for some genera
tions an incalculable moral force, spiritual
blessing and material advantage, it has
not been in any danger of being made op
pressive or injurious by unnatural severity
or unreasonable restrictions, lt is always
in danger of being damaged and destroyed
by the greed and selfishness of those who
would like to have work or play on that
day as on any other. 'Innocent recreation'
is the invariable plea which- is [Hit forth
for the obliteration of the Sabbath. This
will be the cry wheu we have the great
fair in Chicago. It will be said that this
is the only day when the masses are at
liberty, that the fair is a vast instrument far
iiieir mental and moral elevation, that
ouly Puritanical bigotry prevents the fair
from being a national expreastM of con
tempt for the idea of a sacred Sabbath. In
a Philadelphia telegraphic dispatch, July
16tb, we read that the Sub-Committee on
NUMBER 18.
Permanent Organization of the World's
Fair Commission held its first meeting,
and that the committee was unanimous in
the opinion that the exhibition should re-^
main open on Sunday. It could MHtlj
make a worse begiiiuiug. "
The CongregatitHuilist thinks that "the
chord) should study to lind out what
makes the lodges so attractive to the
average man, and. then, in so far as lies
within ita province, it should strive to
give him that or its equivalent. And
here, we believe, the church has much to
learn. Doea the lodge furnish watchers
for the man who is nigh onto death 1
Does it see that his bereaved family does
not sutler? The church, of course, cannot
be a life _______ company, but it can
ami it (Mght to make it sure "that none of
its humblest members are ever destitute or
forsaken. To be s Ur ,., wo „1! profeaa 10 do
this, but is this Krriea for the weak lamb*
of the Bock always performed cheerf-U.
end tactfully and thoroughly, lt is not
an unheard-of tiling for ■ secular order to
boast that it cart's more for it*membership
than the church does ior those in ita told,
let us be able to assert a negative to that
taunt whenever it is uttered. One of the
chief attractions of these resort> il tln
spirit of fraternity which prevail- there.
If our churches could be made the rallying
ground for men who have the social in
stinct, they would not l>e so easily toned
aside to secular resorts. Man i-
ous by nature, lie likes to be with his
kiud. The churches most alive to their
responsibilities today are recognising
their obligation to minister to the aOCMtI
life of man."
In speaking of the MatcQaearv here, v
case, the Liriny Church says: "We think
that Mr. MacQuearj him-elf is. u>. MUM
respects, in a better position than his de
fenders. While his attitude Menu to us
to involve a curious obliquity to certain
moral elements of the situation, hi., frank
ness is worthy of all praise. Hi friend)
pretend that it is not proved that he de
nied any part of the creed. He tan he
does, and that it is within his right to
do so. If he is to t>e defended, it must l>e
upon the ground which he himself has
selected, not thai which his friends, like
shrewd lawyers, would desire him to
adopt. If it were a question whether he
had made such denials, we. for our part,
should have pursued a very diilerent
course. Hut lie has not compelled a
proof of the fact. He avows it. The
question then is simply whether a cler
gyman of this Church has a right to re
pudiate the creed of the Church, or any
part of it. It is not, we repeat, a qtMe
tion whether a certain priest bat done
this, but whether he has a right l>> do it.
ln view of the unmistakable attitude
which Mr. Mactjueary has tlma t'a> main
tained, we have no doubt that in the event
of the question coining to the test (rf i
lezal trial, he will still maintain the ROM
frank |>osition. The decision will then
turn upon ■ simple point which everybody
can understand, and about which there
can be but one opinion among the greet
body of churchmen. However this may
be, Mr. Macljueary certainly st.uuis in a
much more honorable position jnst now
than those 'many clergymen' whom he
'knows' to agree with him, and who 'not
only enjoy ecclesiastical privileges and hon
ors, but occupy prominent and influential
positions.' Though he has apparently
been encouraged and egged on by >u< li
persons, they have not yet dared openly
to declare themselves as he has done."
DISCOVER IN MEXICO
A Pyramid With a Spiral Koadway from
Hase to Summit.
During the recent visit of .lesse H. (irant
and Charles J. Whimple to Sonora, Mex
ico, on business, they were much struck
with the sight ofa terraced mountain, says
the Tucson Star. It is located abont fifty
miles southwest of Magdalene. The moun
tain is circular in form, about three-quar
ters of a mile in diameter at the base, and
is terraced from base to [>eak. The hight
of the terrace is from ten to twelve feet,
and in many places is built of solid ma
sonry. At many other places it is cut out
of the solid rock. The roadway is from
fifteen to twenty feet in width, starting at
the base of the mountain and ooiting itself
spiral like to the peak of the mountain,
which is not less than one thomand two
hundred feet higher than the base ol" the
mountain. The cost of the construction
and cutting out of the solid rock of this
terraced road must have been enormous,
an«i the remarkable feature of this won
der is the state of its preservation. Here
and there the masonry has yielded to the
crumbling influence of time; theee are ex
ceptions.
At the base of this terraced mountain is
a mighty rock, which has the appearance
of having been hewn out of a solid rock
and weighs one hundred tons or more. It
is placed at the mouth of what appears to
be the entrance to this terraced mountain.
Here another query is suggested. Does
this door to the mountain open the way to
mineral treasure or to the shrine ot ancient
religious devotees? Again, does the ter
raced road which coils its way to the peak
ot the mountain lead to the shrine of the
ancient vestal virgin who kept eternal
watch on the sacred fire which was never
suffered to die ?
One thing is certain there is a wide field
for those near at home who wander lar
into E _?pt and lVrsia to study the myste- ,
ries of the hidden past.
A Housekeeper's Don'ts.
Don't allow the broom to stand on the
brush end when not in use: hang it on a
nail by means ofa ring in the top of the
handle.
Don't forget that a broom will last much
longer if, after using, it is dipped in boil
ing water for a few minutes.
Don't fill the best windows in the fam
ily living room with plants.
Don't neglect to air the hou*e thor
oughly every morning. Open opposite
doors and windows for tive or ten minutes,
even if it is stormy.
Don't undertake extra work to give
pleasure when you know that you nave
neither time nor strength for it, and that,
as a result, some one will be sure to be
overtired and cross.
Don't forget, if you are a tall woman, to
have your work-table and ironing-board a
few inches higher tban they are usually
made. This little precaution will prevent
many a backache.
Don't neglect to have yonr name plainly
painted on all jugs or bottles that are sent
to the store for vinegar, molasses, etc.
Then you will be sure to get back your
own.
Don't think when you sit down to test
that it is necessary to pick up that unfin
ished mending. Ten minutes' absolute
rest is worth much to the tired musi
Don't allow soiled clothes to remain in
the bed-rooms. Tiiey taint the air and
make it impure.— Cincinnati ClißS_ini.nl
Gazette.
Observatories.
Probably the earliest structures erected
as astronomical observatories were built by
the early people of _fc_p. f°r ™*?7.
Egyptologists now incline to the belief
that the Oreat Pyramid itself was a
mighty observatory constructed to ...ili
tate the observations of the Chaldean as
tronomers. Magnificent as were these
ancient buildings, the limitations of human
vision prevented astronomical • :
until Galileo's discovery of the tele!
opened wide the gates of heaven to human
observation; for, while to the unaided eye
only some 5,000 stars are risible, the great
Lick telescope brings to our knov
nearly 100,000,000, and by tl
photography the celestial hcril
to infinity.
An Ideal Boss.
"Isn't Qnay ■ silent man?"
"Yes, he believes in letting mouey talk."
— Chatter.