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MY FIRST HUSBAND. Tom Brown was haunted, and by no lees a personage than his wife's first hus band, who, it would reasonably be sup posed, having vacated the place that Tom had obligingly offered to fill, would have left our hero in undisturbed possession of all the rights and privileges thereunto belonging. Now, if it had been the ghost of Tom's grandmother or great-grandmother, or any of his aunts or cousins, or even that un desirable but indispensable article—if men would have any wives at all—a mother-in law, he could have borne it with some de gree of equanimity ; but as it was, he was driven nearly frantic. Tom had. with the best possible inten tions, married the Widow Vanduzen, who had manifested no reluctance to becoming Mrs. Tom Brown; indeed, we are only to remember that she was a widow to feel pretty sure that she did her share of the courting. And now to have the virtues of the de ceased Vsnduzen dished up for breakfast, dinner and tea, to say nothing of having them served up cold as side dishes on every possible occasion, was rather more than Tom could endure. We can understand the poet when he says: "How blessings brighten as they take their flight!" but why a woman should speak of "her sainted hushand," who was anything but a saint when on' earth, or why a man should allude to the dear departed, who was ouly dear to him in her heavy draft upon his pocket-book, are among those tilings, to quote the im mortal Dundreary, "which no fellow can find out." Tom' 6 wife was a quiet, meek-faced little woman, and who would have been highly indignant had anyone insinuated that she did not make one of the bjst of wives. Indeed, most of Tom's male acquaint ances thought that he ought to be a very happy fellow, and co he would have been but for the ghost of the defunct Vanduzen, whose presence his late widow continually invoked, and whose moral excellences, as portrayed by her skillful hand, he de spaired of ever being able to emulate. Mrs. Brown regarded his shortcomings with an air of indulgence that was not the least aggravating part of it. "Poor Tom means well," she would say, with a sigh of mingled resignation and re gret. "I could not expect to have two such husbands as my sainted Augustus." We are sorry to say that Tom did not always receive this with the meekness that was expected of him. "No one can regret his death more than I do, my dear," was his unfeeling re joinder, one day. Mrs. Brown uttered no reproach ; neither did she fly into a passion. She knew a trick worth twp of that. Slowly raising her handkerchief to her eyes, she faltered forth : "My sainted Augustus " Without waiting to hear what the "sainted Augustus' did or didn't do, Tom left the house uttering some very em phatic language, like the unfeeling brute he was, as our lady readers will ac knowledge. The worst of it was that Tom knew of no one that had the slightest knowledge of the late Augustus Vanduzen, so he was unable to throw any doubt upon the ex istence of the superhuman virtues under whose weight, figuratively speaking, he lay crashed] His wife had married and buried her | first husband in California. She came North soon after her widow hood to visit some friends who bad known her in her maiden life, wbjere Tom saw, wooed and won her. But, as luck would have it, John Bab bit, an old schoolmate of Tom's, came home from California. Of course the two had a world of things to talk over. " How curious you should be married, old boy?' 1 said John, as they sat smoking together. " And to poor little Mrs. Van duzen !" " I'm married to her fast enough," said Tom, dryly, " though I haven't the slightest expectation of ever being able to supply the place of her first husband. You knew the late lamented Augustus Vau duzen'.'" "1 knew more than I wanted to of him: though I never knew that he was lamented by anybody. His wife certainly had no cause to lament him. Why he used to get drunk every night and come liome and smash the furniture ! I never pitied any woman as I did her. I used to hope she'd outlive him, so as to take a little comfort before she died. He did die, though not in his bed; the Vigilance Committee got hold of him one dark night, and ." He.re the speaker touched his throat, with a brief but expressive gesture. " Too many horses missing, you understand." Here, as the speaker caught a glimpse of Tom's astonished face, the sudden thought struck him that this revelation might not be over and above agreeable to the man occupying the place that had been so suddenly vacated. " I beg pardon- "Not a word of apology, my dear fel low," interrupted Tom, whose face was actually radiant with smiles, grasping John warmly by the hand, whose turn it whs to be astonished. "1 am delighted. That is to say.' added Tom, checking him self a» he saw his friend's bewildered look, '•I shall be delighted to have you dine with me to-morrow; a strictly family din ner, you understand. Mrs. Brown will be delighted, too! Oh, yes !" chuckled Tom on his way home, feeling strongly inclined to throw up his cap and hurrah in the ex uberance of his joy. He was confident that he had oom ■ spell by which he could "lay" the ghost that bad so long haunted him. It was past 11 when be let himself in. In-tr;ii; of creeping meekly along, as was bis wont, he walked noisily upstairs into the room where bis wife was sitting, handker chief in hand, in the attitude into which she had arranged herself at the turning ol tbe latch key. Without paying her the slightest heed, Tom marcned aan loot to the tire, where he stood warming hi-- band.- and whi.-t!ing softly to himself. Astonished at this unheard-of procedure, Mrs. Brown glanced out at the culprit from a corner of her pocket handkerchief. "Never, during all our happy married life, died my sainted Augustus come home at such an hour a> this!" she said, with more than usual emphasis, as she noted his air of tranquil enjoyment. "1 know he didn't," wa< the cool reply; l:he used to come home at -in the inorn inir, crazy drunk, and smash the furniture. I haven't got to that yet, bat it will come in due season." Bpeechieag with astonishment and lit- Bay, Mrs. Brown removed the handker chief from her eyes and looked at the speaker. That look was too much for Tom's risa btlities. Throwing himself into a chair he laughed until his wife began seriously t>> think tiiat he bad taken leave of his ■eneaa. • \ i h»re been drinking, Tom," she sail! solemnly. '•Oh. no, not at all, my dear." be replied, his face suddenly setting Into an expres sion of perpetual cravity; "that"* tiic next feature in the programme, 1 believe. I'm but a novice as yet. SO you n my imperfect r. od< rim: of the eh that ha* been * I Op for my imi tation. Tract' . know, and t hope in time to attain to all the virtues of [the late lan* nted \ Tandnsen, though 1 hardly expect* the elevated position that was his when be made his final exit.' , Mr.-. Brown's faoejtnrned scarlet. "What do yon mean, T 'Vii, UOthiugj BUlkis^'' ho resnon.d.edj SACKAME*TO DAILY KEIM>BD-UNIO.N. &ATCTRDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1890.-EIUHT FA(*«/3. [ throwing his head back and fixing his eyes j upon a fly on the ceiling. And not another word could she get out of him. The next morning Mrs. Brown was grave and preoccupied, saving little, and studying her husband's face whenever she could do so unobserved. Tom, on the contrary, was in the best possible spirits, rattling away without ap parently caring whether she replied or He casually mentioned, on rising from the table "That he should bring a friend home to dinner." Formerly any such intimation was a suf ficient warrant for Mrs. Brown to call up the ghost of the deceased Vanduzen, but, curiously enough, she did not even men- Tom found his wife alone in the par lor when he returned to dinner with his "Mrs. Brown, Mr. John Babbitt. An old acquaintance of yours, I believe." Whatever Mrs. Brown had feared or conjectured, she was not prepared for this; she turned from red to white, and from white to red. but retaining her self-posses sion wonderfully, as Tom could not but note and admire. As courteous and attentive as his hostess was, John felt ill at ease. He had too much tact and good breeding to make any allusion to her former life, so their conver sation was confined to the merest common- So the dinner was not a very enlivening affair. Tom was the only one of the party who seemed to be at ease ; he was in high* spirits—on the best of terms with himself and everybody else. . As soon as she could do so with propri ety, Mrs. Brown left the two gentlemen to themselves, going directly to her own room, and seeking relief in that unfailing refuge for all feminine troubles and per plexities, " a good cry." Tom entered the room an hour later. There was a comical look in his eyes as he turned them upon his v, ife'rf averted face. He was evidently determined to press the advantage he had obtained to its fullest extent. "My dear, I hope my efforts to follow in the footsteps of my illustrious predeces sor meet with your entire approval ?" "Tom!" ' Here Mrs. Brown burst into tears. This was more than Tom's good and generous heart could endure. " Come, let us make a bargain, wife. If you will let the ghost of your former hus band rest quietly in his present horne —let us hope that it is a happy one—I will do the same." Upon these words the ghost vanished, and never troubled them any more. A SUMMER MEMORY. The church was strange to me; I never worshiped there belore, And it may hap that nevermore Miue eyes that c:ty fane will see, Where, iv the twilight, cool and gray, That closed a sultry summer day. I knelt apart ani prayed for thee. My heart was ill at ease; For lo ! thought I, I may uot share My dear one's hour of praise and prayer, The solemn, blessed pause of peace, That waits for all on hailowed ground, When week-days' care and work-days' round In Sabbath rest and calmness cease. Yea. I was sore at heart, But as I prayed my prayer tor thee, Beloved, cointon came to me. Soft healing to my cruel smart; Deep peace was borne to me upon The strain of praise that rose anon, Wherein I, trembling, bore a part. I think an angel spake In the sweet pause that followed song; Spake soft of love that suffered lorg, >'.' faithful hearts chat must not break, Though lite and lute be bleak and hard, Though jay's bright doors be duty barred; And glad I listened lor love's sake. Bear heart, it Is denied To us to walk, as others may. In winter dusk and summer day, The world's wide paihwaj"6 side by Bide; But fate is limited; it parts our lives asunder: but our hearts. Our souls, it never can divide. Our voices may not blend In tinging auy earthly strain; And iv our hearts tome touch of pain May linger, aching, to the end; But we have wort—a help divine— And we have love, I thine, tbou mine, Love that doth all good comprehend. so, comforted, I passed With others through the ancient door; And though I worship nevermore In thai ttrauge temple, close aud fast I hold the peace thai came to me Tnat summer night 1 prayed for thee. Aud hold, love, too, while life shall last. —All tin Y(ar Round. HE READS ON THE STREET. The woman with the parasol is difficult to pass; The baby buggy's hard to get around; While the fellow who forever turn& toward the left, alas. Awakens in us hatred most profound. But there's another fruitful source of weariness and woe Which ever}- now and then we're forced to m*et, You're apt to ran across him anywhere you chauce to go— The man who reads his paper on the street. He boldly stalks ahead, the while his eyes are quite iutent Ipou the paper laid before his gaze, While those who chauce by accident to jostle him are sent With thoughts inelegant upon their ways. If we by late were called upon to make a sacri fice. The edict we would very gladly meet. Tis sale to pay that afterward there'd never Krect your eyes The man who reads his paper on the street. —Chicago I\isL — -♦♦- — A Grand Old Apple Tree. The largest apple tree in New England, ami probably in the world, says the Boston Journal, is in the northwestern part of Cheshire, Conn., standing in Delos Ilotch kiss' iooryard. Its age can be traced by a family tradition to 140 years at least, and it may be twenty-five or thirty years older. It is at the present time of symmetrical .-■hap.', the trunk is nearly round, without a scar or blemish on it; there are eight large branches ; five of them have been in the habit of bearing one year and the re maining three the next. Mr. Hotdbkiss has gathered in one year from the live branches eighty-five bushels of fruit and his predecessor bad harvested a crop of 110 bushels from the same five branches I!y careful measurement, the circumfer ence of the trunk one foot above the ground, above all entanglements of the roots, is IS feet 8 inches. The girth of the Impost tingle limb is 6 feet 8 inches. The bight of the tree has been carefully meas ured and found to be GO feet, and the spread of the branches as the apples fall is 100 feet or six rods. The fruit is rather small, sweet and of moderate excellence. Six Potatoes to a Load. I was amused a few days since in watch- | •ing a company of laborers at work dig ging potatoes in a field in a valley of the Kimac, writes a traveler from Peru. A team of oxen plowed up the hills with a light plow, leaving the tubers exposed on j the ground. Six Indian workmen picked j up tbe potatoes and carried them to a pile iv one corner of the field, while the over seer, :i Spaniard, stood in majestic and dig- I nitied idleness watching the work. The mea who were picking uv the potatoes \ had neither pail, bag nor box in which to I carry them. Two of them pot the p : - . UMB in their hats ami the others car-j ried them in their hands, each one i going from every part of the piles in one coiner, carrying I six potatoes each trip. Here w»w men and > team of oxen engaged in doing work which in America would bo. done by one man and a boy.— Philadelphia Call. Tnr curlier symptoms of dyspepsia, such * re-^s after eating, heartburn and oc- j casional hradaches.fchonldnot be neglected. { Take Hood's Sarsaparilla if you wish to be | cured of dyspepsia. A ■ ol rod man living in Worth county,: Georgia, is the owner oi a little red steer that recently trotted twenty-two miles in ' four hours bitched to :• tart. For a disordered liver try Beecham's "ills ' VICE OF GAMBLING. HEHBY WATTEBSOIT WHITES OF HIGH STAKES AHD BIG LOSSES. There is Not So Much ol It —Ignorance Causes Exaggeration, Knowledge Provokes Lying. Henry Watterson has been writing to his newspaper, the Louisville Courier-Journal, about gambling, and here are some of the reflections which the grave of "Chunky" Towles inspired in the brain of the distin guished Kentucky editor: Of all methods of livelihood or dissipation or amusement, perhaps there is none about which so much untruth passes current as about gambling. Every now and then the newspapers take to a run of gaming stories, and it is the exception when one of these has the least element of fact to sustain it. To the mind of a certain crude reportorial youth, in whose eyes the race-course is a paradise and every turfman a hero, all games of chance possess a peculiar fascination, and, if he can fasten to a game of hearsay some individual, particular or personal anec dote, he fancies that his fortune is made, and neither thinks nor cares to discrimi nate in the matter o& accuracy or propri ety. That there are degrees in card-play ing, or varying sensibilities among those who with differing aims play at cards, or any virtue in sticking to the truth, does not occur to him, and as in tbi°, like ot'ier fairy tales, it is as easy to speak of millions as of pennies, the amounts at issue are only limited by the imagination of the recount ant. Thus: '-The Colonel went him ?1,000, and the Judge raised him §5,000 better, and the Colonel called, and the Judge only had a pair of duces, and"—when, if there was any such passage at all, the fig ures might be reduced to mills — still largely to exceed the amounts actually at stake. Again, the writers of these gaming stories seldom have any knowledge of the subject, and, writing at second baud, fall into the most egregious errors; and their reaJers, being for the most part equally ignorant, form the most fantastic notions of gambling and of the gambler, both professionally and amateur. The reputation for gambling long sur vives the abandonment of the habit of gambling. It is not generally known, though it is a fact, that the most famous, of the non-professional gamblers of history, Charles James Fox, did not play for money after his 43d year, devoting the most of his life to the most useful, eminent and bril'.iant public service, but never eradicating his early reputation. Indeed, it can be set down as a rule that nothing does its work so quickly and so surely as high play. He who persists in it, no matter how deep his pocket, will soon find the bottom of it, for the essential principal of gambling is that it shall reach at least the measure of the player's capacity to lose. In most cases it exceeds this and in all, where it is continued, it outlasts the capacity to pay, involving debt and ruin. When these are not the finalities among amateurs and men claiming to be gentle men, the abatement is to be found in an ever-increasing conservatism, narrowing down to merely nominal stakes or counters, and this is the history of every game that does not end in more or less of hardship and disgrace. Of professional gambling it can be said that no avocation involves so much of despotism, fickleness and squalor. Kare, indeed, are the instances where the pro fessional gambler would not be glad to lead a different life. He will tell you, and truly, that he was not a born gambler, that he did not take to gambling for its own sake, that he drifted into it, as it were, sometimes by mischance in business, sometimes through the 'encroachments of half unconscious dissipation, and some times from sheer indolence aud-love of easy and idle pleasure. A murrain on't! The capacity for real and steady work diminished or gone, the means of recupera tion squandered, confidence forfeited and reputation tarnished, what was left? Nothing but the card table, no longer a magic circle of diversion and abandon ment, bat the grimy, back-breaking actu ality of a defeated life, indefinite, endless, without any beginnings ur objective points or ambitions that are not vulgar, venal and corrupt, or victories that are not brutal and base. Yet. of all the vices, none is so easy of amendment, as none shows so many illus trations of reform. In the great cities most men have taken a turn at some form of gambling; few who have not cither thrown it off or brought it under regula tion and control. Gaming is largely a habit, and a habit of association. It does not, like so many other vices, communi cate directly any poison to the blood, though too often leading to those that do. In its origin it is not without a certain manhood and hnmor, and hence in all ages and among all classes it has had ;in exist ence. But at the very best it is open to the gravest objections. It is too absorbing, detaining players be yond their time, and often from the most honorable motives. It is too confining, lacking the pure air and light of day, and permeated by the fetid atmosphere of mid night and tobacco, where it does not de scend into the health-destroying fumes of drink. It completely deadens the money sense, and, in fact, the sense of all values: and where carried to the least excess, is a moral crime in exacting something for nothing. I will not add that it is provoca tive of a great talent for domestic lying, and an incalculable amount of it, because it may be doubted whether the loving wife who listens with moist eyes to the sad story of the sick friend is deceived as much and as often as she pretends to be. Assuredly not in Kentucky, where be sure the women of two or three generations have not lived wholly in vain, and where, in every case, it would be well for the recusant husband to pay no heed to the counsel of the Kentucky journalist, of whom tradition relates that, on a certain occasion he observed to the friend witli whom he was about to separate at the street corner which divided their respect ive homes: "I have always made it a rule, Isaac, to go to my wife and tell her the truth. It is much the best way, believe me; and so, as soon as I get in, 1 mean to put a bold face u|>on it and frankly say that the press broke down." Fictions like these, however ingenious and maintained, have no power to mislead : such ladies as the astute I.luegrass matron, j who, after allowing her husband to dis | robe in fancied security, anil to sit rocking j the cradle on the edge of the bed until | nearly frozen by this cunning attempt at ; deception, at last exclaimed: ''Oh, come ' to boa, the baby ain't in that cradle!'' When old jediah Snggs, the father of ; the illustrious Simr.ii, having discovered • that young hopeful playing cards, under : took to impress the boy with tbe idea that j gambling is a waste of time and money, | the embryo captain of the Tallapoosa ; volunteers asked, with more pertinency 1 than depth of thought; "Well, whar does the money go, daddy, that everybody I loses?" In spite of the inability of the I elder Mr. Sagga to answer this inquiry, ■ he bnilded wiser ihan he knew and was ; in the main right in lm original propo i sit ion. The mouev lost and won at cards U ■lis .! in one way and another. They j who win it don't keep it, and, of course, ■ they who lose it rant. It is squandered ■ In every direction on what may be de ibed as ''collateral expenses." j God never intended that B money profit ' should be made out of any harm!'. - ' time, which card-playing often is, and would always be but for gambling. The innocent recreation of the aged and in firm, it takes on a blight and curse with the introduction of that, the love of which, as Paul observed to Timothy, is the root of all evil. Nor is the money considera tion essential to enjoyment. As to the game of draw poker, which has obtained such vogue and favor in America, on ac count of its essentially gambling features, nogentleman ought to play it though many gentlemen do. It is distinctly not a gen tleman's game. As in stock-gambling, which is still worse, the advantages inev itably go to sharp practice, too often car ried to a point dangerously near to down right stealing, though most frames of chance and skill tarn upon ingenuity and artifice wherein somebody is bound to have the best of it. HE COULD NOT SLEEP. Strange Presentiment of a Trapper in the Northwest. For a few years after the great massacre of 1562 the fapping grounds along the western plains of Minnesota and the east ern edge of Dakota were unoccupied by either race. Warlike expeditions of both whites and reds passed and repassed, but no one troubled the furred animals, and in consequence their numbers increased amaz ingly. When the writer joined the little band of venturesome trappers, who were beginning to encroach upon the debatable ground, the multitude of furred animals which 6warmed everywhere along the shores of sloughs, lakes and streams, was a constant source of surprise; and the tempt ation to venture further and still further into the wilderness, where the prow of the trapper's boat had never parted the wild rice or the rushes of the sloughs, was very great. As a consequence, while the fate of some was never known, others who re turned in (safety had adventures to relate, ranging all the way from laughable comedy to deepest tragedy. When the writer first went out in search of trapping ground, in 1864, he traveled with an elder brother intent upon the same mission, and as all fhc country north west of Spirit lake, lowa, was regarded as unsafe, and as small war parties of Sioux raided the frontier occasionally for some years afterward, a sharp look-out was kept continually, and every precaution taken to prevent surprise. As did many others, we made a summer trip to examine the differ ent localities and select a suitable trapping ground, in order that valuable time might not be wasted in such a search when the fur was "prime." It was a lovely evening, still and fair; and as the harvest moon slowly climbed the eastern sky the blankets were spread upon the trass a few rods distant from the wagon, while the horses, picketed near by, cropped the rich grass of the prairie, and all nature seemed breathed upon by the spirit of love and peace. Here, however, was a new sensation ; a something so entirely different from any thing ever before experienced that I was simply dazed; and rising to my feet I walked around the fire, glanced at the ponies peacefully gathering the green herb age and giving no indication of approach ing danger, and finally, while still uneay and utterly perplexed', I lay down by my brother's side to sleep. Sleep was impos sible. Rest I could not; and the thought of possible danger from wandering Sioux began to haunt me, although a moment's reflection upon the fact that we had just returned untroubled from an expedition to ground much nearer the Indian country, and far more exposed than the shore of | the peaceful little lake on which we were now camped, seemed to render the sugges tion an absurd one. Yet, still the possi bility troubled me, and I reflected that while in accordance with my invariable custom when in the wilderness, my own gun and ammunition were under the edge of my blanket, my brother's weapon lay in the wagon, while he himself believed in possible Sioux only when he saw them. Ashamed to confess the growing appre hension which now fairly tortured me and forced me to address him, I shook him by the shoulder and asked him, "Where is yctir gun, Ike?" "In the wagon," he sleepily answered. "Why don't you put it uuder your bed and keep it dry? You'll want to shoot a duck or goose in the morninjr, and your gun won't go because the cap is wet with dew. Go and get it and keep it with you." "Let the gun alone," he rejoined crossly. "Look here, Isaac," I persisted, <-if you don't get your gun I will." "What's the matter with you ?" he an swered, raising himself up on one elbow and staring into my face. "If you must have thejrun here before you are satisfied, I suppose I can get it," he continued, ris ing up and getting tbe gun, which he placed under the edge of the blanket and again lay down to sleep. Again I tried to compose myself to rest, and still I found sleep impossible, while the feeling of dread of impending and nameless evil lessened not at all; and again J I rose and scattered the brands of our de caying camp-fire, and tramped into the blackness of darkness the last spark of light. Once more I retired to my bed, and soon the strange sensation lessened and passed gradually away, and was followed by the peaceful sleep enjoyed by the lover | of the open air; and the morning dawned sweetly upon the silent prairie. After breakfast my brother departed for Man kato, and I wandered over the ground I making the necessary signs; and camping alone on the river next night, walked down to the settlements the day following, wondering continually what conld have caused the strange uneasiness, the like of which had never before (and has never since) agitated me. Reaching the house of a friend, the first news I heard was the tale of blood jast re ceived from the settlements on Elm Creek (of which Fish Lake is the source) of the depredations of a war party of Sioux in search of scalps and horses, and which, on the very night of my troubled slumber on the shore ef the lonely lake, had passed us by, and appeared next morning at the Elm Creek settlement, where a man and boy were murdered and several horses taken, which were never recovered. My brother, returning from Mankato, told me that he had gone only about a mile after leaving me, when he came into a trail in the heavy dew, which came from the direction of the north shore of the lake upon which we had been en camped; and as it went in his direction he followed it for some miles before reach ing the Mankato road, where he turned of! more to tbe northward, and not until he had followed it for quite a distance did he find out what made it. Growing thirsty, he stopped at a small lake to get a drink, when he no'iced that one of the party in front of him had at this point turned off on the same errand, and in the soft ground of the lake shore the small moccasin track was plainly seen, as was also the print of his hands and knees in the ground where he had kneeled to drink. Whether or no the stamping out of the last embers of our euspfire secured the slumberers of the lonely camp from the gaze of murderous eyes, 1 know not. One ti.ing I know, that the sensation of that night, if ever again repeated, will not be suffered to pass unheeded. — Forest and Stream. We are often deceived in the age of p?o --ple having beautiful and luxuriant hair, not knowing that they use Hall's Hair Ee newer to keep gray hairs away. There is now more beet than cane sugar consumed. In ISSI the total of the world's production o$ cane siisrar was tons, and of beet sugar L 774600 tons. In 1890 the total of cane was 2.240,000 tons, and of beets 3.3(30,000 tons. Bb»dycbotixe will cure headache if from overdrinking. FARMERS AND RAILROADS. j Some Very Interesting and Instructive Facts. [From the St. Louis Globe-Democrat ' It is the habit of d certain class of agi tators to represent that the farmers are "at the mercy of the railroads. But they never furnish sny figures to justify this view, and do not seem to know how easy it is to retute their statements. Mr. De pew has recently discussed the matter in one of his addresses, and the facts that he brings forward are decidedly interesting and instructive. Fifty years ago, he re minds us, there were only 300 miles of rail way in the United States, and to-day there are 170,000. Every mile of this increased transportation service h»s brought into cultivation 100,000 acres of land, accord ing to his estimate. There were 1,000,000 farms fifty years ago, whereas there are now between 4,000,000 and 5,000,000, and the aggregate investment in agriculture has increased from $4,000,000,0011 to $11, --000,000,000. The farms and the railroads have grown together, as allies and part ners. Without the latter the former could not have multiplied at such a remarkable rate. The railroad has opened vast new areas to settlement and development, and provided means for getting surplus prod ucts to distant markets in an advantageous way. Hundreds of thousands of homes have been secured by the people which could never have been obtained under other conditions; and the gains of agri culture have surpassed all precedent in the history of civilization. All tins is worth remembering when we are asked to believe that the railroads are inimical to the welfare of the farming ele ment. They have not always dealt justly and fairly with their patrons, but they have certainly contributed to the general prosperity of the couutry in a greater measure than any other one agency of con venience and progress. It is not true, as is so often charged, that they impose the highest rates that the traffic will stand. On the contrary, particularly as to agri cultural products, they have reduced their tarifls from time to time in a much larger degree that is commonly understood. In the last twenty years, Mr. Depew points out, railway rates have gone down over 100 per cent., while the products of the farm have fallen only about 30 per cent This does not indicate that the railroads have pursued a policy of systematic and relentless extortion. Perhaps their rates are still too high here and there, but on the whole there is no room for reasonable complaint. The tendency is toward further reduction all the time. Every attempt of one road or system of roads to increase the rates is promptly antagonized and defeated by another. The railroad business has assumed a condition which promises the cheapest service that can be afforded, and all combinations to prevent such a result are sure to fail. Considering all the cir cumstances, the farmers are being benefited by the railroads' to an extent that should win their friendship and close their ears to the talk of those who tell them that exor bitant freight^ are absorbing their sub stance and depriving them of their rights. It is only necessary for them to look at the facts in a sober and practical way in order to realize that the agitators are deceiving them for selfish and mischievous purposes. Physiognomy of Horses. Unless a horse has brains you can't teach him, says the Medical Classics. See that tall bay there, a tine looking animal, fif teen hands high. You can:t teach that horse anything. Why ? Well, I'll show a difference in heads, but have a care of his heels. Look at the brute's head, that rounding nose, that tapering forehead, that broad, full place before the eyes. You can't trust him. That's an awful good mare, as true as the sun. You can see breadth and fullness between the ears and eyes. You couldn't hire that mare to act mean or hurt anybody. The eye should be full, and hazel is a good color. I like a horse with a small, thin ear, and want him to throw his ears well forward. Look out for the brute that wants to listen to all conversation going on behind him. The horse that turns back his ears till they almost meet at the points, take my word for it, is sure to do something wrong. A horse with a dishing face is cowardly, and a cowardly brute is usually vicious. Then I like a square muzzle, with large ncstrils, to let plenty air to the lungs. For the under side of the head, a good horse should be well cut under vhe jowl, with jawbones broad and wide apart under the throttle. The next thing to consider is the build of the animal. Never buy a long-legged, stilted horse. Let him have a short, straight back and a straight rump, and you've got a gentleman's horse. The withers should be high and the shoulders well set back and broad, but don't get them too deep in the chest. The foreleg should be short. (Jive me a pretty straight hind leg, with the hotk low down, short past ern joints and a round mulish foot. There are all kinds of horses, but the animal that has these points is almost sure to be sightly, graceful, good-Hatured, serviceable. The vast majority of Queen Victoria's subjects (139,000,000) are neither Protest ants nor Catholics, but Hindoos, while the Mohammedans, 40,000,000 in number, are themselves more numerous than the j Protestants of all denominations in tbe j Empire. People Wonder \ X 7HEN they find how rapidly health VV is restored by taking Ayer's Sar saparilla. Tbe reason is that this preparation contains only the purest and most powerful alteratives and tonics. To thousands yearly it proves a veritable elixir of life. Mrs. .Tqs. Lake, Brockway Centre, Mich., writes: "Liver complaint and Indigestion made my life a burden and came near ending my existence. For more than four years I suffered un told agony. I was reduced almost to a skeleton, and hardly had strength to drag myself about. AH kinds of food distressed me, and only the most deli cate could be digested at all. Within the time mentioned several physicians treated me without giving relief. Ifoth in<_: that 1 took seemed to do any per manent good until I began the use of Ayer's Sarsaparilla, which has pro duced wonderful results. Soon after commencing to take the Sarsaparilla I could see an Improvement in my condition, my appetite began to return and witli it came the ability to digest all the food taken, my strength improved each day, and after a few month* of faithful attention to your directions, I found myself a well ■woman, able to attend to .ill household duties. The medicine lias given me a new lease of life, and I cannot thank you too much." "We, the undersigned, citizens of Brockway Centre. Midi., hereby certify that the" above statement, made by Mis. Lake, is true in every particular and entitled to full credence." —O. P. Chamberlain, G. W. Waring, C. A. Wells, Druggist. "My brother, in Enelami. was, for a long time, unable to attend to bis oecn patfon, by reason of sores on bis foot. I sent him Ayer's Aliuaimc and tbe tes timonials it "contained induced him to try Ayer's Sarsaparilla. After using it a little while, he was cured, and is now a well man, working in a sugar mill at Brisbane, Queensland. Australia." — A. Attcwe 11, Sharbot Lake, Ontario. Ayer's Sarsaparilla, rUErAKF.D BY Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., LoweH, Mass. Price $1; cix boltlcs, $5. Worth $5 a bottle. 1 MISCELLAiftUta. W FOR Svin"'"^* THE CHEAPEST AND BEST MEDICINE FOR FAKILT USE IN THE WORLD Instantly stops the most excruciating paius: nov^r (ails to (rive ease to the sufferer For bfRAINS. BRriSt!?. BACKACHP. PAIN IN THE CHBST OK SH>E*. HE\I)\CHn TOOTH ACHE. OONGK3TIOH, IXKL*MMATIONS. RHEUMATISM. NEIRaLGIA. LUMBAGO, SCI ATICA. P^lNrf IN IHE SMALL OK THS BACK, or any other external PAIN, a few applica tions act like maeic. rauMn* the pain toinaUnllv ctop. All INTERNAL PAINS PUKRHKt DYSENTERY. COLIC. SPASMS. NAUSEA. FAINTING BPELLB, NERVOUSNESS BLKKP LESS.SESS. are relieved instantly and quickly cur«vl !.y taking inwardly SO t> d' .Imps in balf a tumbler ot water. ">o Ont* it Bottlo. Moiu i» v Orugei-t-.. WiU KAI'W \VS FILLS tbe-eisno better CThE or PREVENTIVE OF FKVKs: ANI. AHE. WSAw las been established in I^ondon 100 YEARS both as I? a COMPLEXION and as a SHAVING SOAP, has obtained" 19 international awards, and is now sold in every rity^jf the world. It is the purest, cleanest, finest, The most economical, and therefore The best and most popular'of all soajts for general toilet turposes ; and for use in the mntsSK! it is recom mended by thousands of intelligent mothers throughout the civilized world, because while serving as a cleanser and detergent, its emollient properties prevent the chafing and discomforts to which at/ants are so liable. PEARS' SOAP can now be had of nearly all Druggists in the United Slates, but be sure that you get the genuine., as there are worthless imitations, -©9. "Pc • *n« '+£. 'iri6 -met ><<fl%& 3ShMfc>, ■zi vi mhi >w /~^~gf *i ■ T^ 'Strrjrtd oiojoqpnrra| / ■ Jmr uS - «„= CO \i uilIH SiB| « el! |f!t| a Mi M'Si 11 ■* |in X iiitßSllii "i Z w* tag 1 Eton m For Sale by C, J, NOACK, 618 J Street, Sacramento, HUNIINGTON-HOPKINS COMPANY, FISHING TACKLE, SACRAMEXTO AND SAN FRANCISCO. ' \ Hi | { PULMONIC I'ifty year? of success is sufficient evidence of tho value of Schcncks Pu'.monic Syrup as a euro for Cor.sumption, Cough?, Colds, Hoarse. ness Sore-Throat kc. It contains no opium; is pleasant to the taste. KorSalc by all Druggists. Trice $1.00 per bottle. Dr. Schenck'a liook on Consumption and its Cure, mailed free. Address Dr. J. E. Schencfc & Son, Philadelphia. THE GREAT ENGLISH REMEDY, | BEECHAM'S PILLS I For Bilious ml Nervous Disorders. i " Worth a Qn'.nsa a Box" trat sold for 25 Cents, BY ALL. DItrGCIISTS.' ——I SAUCE (The V."oRcssTEr.srrrr.s) Imparts the most delicious taste and lest W EXTRACT ' SOUPS, of a LETTER from f"^ _ ,^__,_ a MEDICAL GEN- GHAVIES, TLEJIAS at Mad- fc rffl _, c _, raa, to his brother * I»H» LEA fc PEREIKS' I «pEEATS,' that their sauco is hi.ihly estoeijtil in ... '^j-.-, CA7IE, In;iia, aud Is in my tv, L_ittl oi-inion, the most «A& Fv *.i WEiiSH* Tial&tabie, as well r>rfM is tho most whole-fv^..->. eoa.e Siuce tbat is j. Signature on every bottle of the frcmi'.ne S ortfrtn* JOHN DUNCAN'S SONS, NEW VOSH. SGOLD MEDAL, PA813,1878. V. BAIvER & CO.'S ißreaMast Cocoa Is absolutely pure and it is soluble. No Cliemicals ore used In Its prpparfilion. It has more than tkree times tkc itrtngtA of Cocoa mixed with Starch, Arrowroot or Sugar, apd is therefore far more economical, coating leu than one ce*t a evp. It is delicious, nourishing, ! itreupthenins, EASILY DIGESTED, ! and admirably adapted for invalids 1 as well as for persons Id health* Sold by Grocers everywhere B4?^^^.,Dojrc^er, Mass. JMAGIHKEBY 5» Of al! kinds, ot Best M.vke, aj: LOWEST PRICE. . SAWMILL AND SHIK«ZJ! MACHIN'-.KY, Hoe ClU.Kot TootJi Saws, eto. A EHGiSTWYERHORS fl (^ Iron-Working Tools, t j^As, Crosby ste»m Gbusc> W'"?ENGINES and BOILER? ?■;.• '-'^ OF ANY CAPACITY, ETO '. . "> TATtTM & BOWIS, S4 *36 Fremont st., San Fran'; wo f9W manufacturers and A sects. CIGARS. TTTE OFFER NO PREJIIUMS OS REWARD as inducements for patronage, but rely upon our confident assurance that our Cigars are un equaled by any in California, when LOW PRICES I For qualities is meant. Rewards are unmis takably charged to the Cigars, and not as gifts. Merit alone is the fairest value offered. Send | for Price List. A, COOLOT, - Sacramento t9 tlTu3 QRUNKENtfESS P^ Liquor Habit. mwnre we/iw maie/SBffTOMCwie KHAIifES GOLDEN SPECIFIC Itcanbegiven In coffee, tea, or in articles of foot without the knowledge of patient If necessarj it is absolutely harmless and win effect a perml nent and speedy cure, whether the patient ls_ moderate dri nicer or an alcoholic wreck. IT Ni EX FAILS. It operates so quietly and with sue certainty that the patient undergoes no inoc: venience, and soon his complete reformation effected. 4S page book free. To be had of Jospeh Halm & <> Fifth and J streets TWILCOX'S COMPOUND Safe, Certain and Effectual. ."J '"■■«- Uuuril." WU CUV M'llllH CU., l^n.J.lpkl*. Sold by KXKK.GKARY& CO..SacratnenU leB-TTSi-lT NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS. SIEALED PKOPOSAI.S WILL BE RFCEIVED 1 at the office of the President of the Board of Trustees of the California Home for the Care and Traiuinejof FeebieMinded Children, room 3S, Occidental Hotel, San Francisjo, Ca!., until 1 o'clock r. >i. On the sth Day of November, ; s;" >. For tine '■everal branches ol ldhor and materials reqnired (or the erection and comp'i'tion of a water supply and drainage system for the build ings of the California Home for the Csre aud Trairjiug of Feeble-Minded Children. 10-ated oil the lnna known as the Willi im McPherson Hill K^ncb, near Glen Elleu, .S>dot:.i couuty, Cal. Also sealed proposals for Jhe plumbing, jts-Bt tiog and hot water helling for the aforesaid buildings. Plans ami specifications for the salt] works CBti be seen daily from it o'cloei a. m. until 4 o'clock p. m at the office of the archil cts of said Board, Copeland & Pierce, 126 Kearny street, tan Fraacbco, Cal. Blank proposal forms end al! information in regard to the manner in which proposals are to be teudered to be obtained from the architects aforesaid. Each proposal must be accompanied by a boud of 10 per cent, ol th« amount of the pro posal tiindertd. Xo Chinese laNjr or materials manufactured by Chinese labor to be used in the construction of said work. The Board of Trustees reserve the right to re ject any or all b;ds, if found necessary, as the public cood may require. KATHEK'INE B. LATHROF, President. A. E. Osrobns Secretary. For the Board of Trustees of the California Home for the Care and Training of Fevble- Minded Children. ol^SiS VJOTICE TO CREDI TORS — ESTATE OP i\ RAPHAEL OPPfcSHEIM. deceased.—No tice is hereby given by the under?ipued. Eiecu tr:x of the win ar.d of the estate M RAPHAEL OPPESHEIM. deceased,to the creditors of, and all persons having claims against said deceased, to exhibit them, wltb the necessary affidavits or vouchers, wiihia ten (lv) months alter the first pnblication oi this notice, to b»>r, at the law oflice of Johnson, Johnson & Johngou, 504 J street, Sacramento, Ca'i., that being the place for the transaction of the business of said estate. Dated f-acrament \ September v. LOOBA A. OPPESHEIM, Executrix. JonxsoN. JoUN.son iK Jobnsok, Attorneys for the Estate. »is-sts XTOTICE TO CREDITORS. — ESTATE OP XI BtKTHA BBUUN, deceased. Notice is hereby given by theuri'lcrsisTicd, Administrator oflheettatc of bertha BRCLlN,deceased.to the creditor? of, aud all persons bavlnt claims against the said deceased, to exhibit them, w:th the necessary vouchers, within four months after the first pablicatii.-u ol this notice, to the said Administrator, at the law office* ot Chauncey H. Dunn. Xo. MO Ki.'th Street, iv BUr raice;;to (iiy, ca'ifornia, the SRme being the pine;: for the transaction oi the business ol nid c in ihs county ot Sdcramenio, State of California. FEED REIVERSMAN, Administrator. Dated .-ertember 20,159). CiiAfxcKY H. Du>"N, Attorney for Administra tor. rtWB 7