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ping one as the in I in THE LOCUSTS. on It having been mentioned in some ofthe southern papers, that the locusts were expected to make their appear ance in the United States this sum mer, the following account of the na ture and ravages of that famous de stroyer of the vegetable kingdom in Africa, extracted from cupluiu Riley's Narrative, will ho read with new in teoest. N. V. E. Pont. The largest African locust is a bout four inches in length, and one inch in diameter : lie has the most voracious appet ite of any insect in the world, and devours grass, grain, the ' leaves of trees, and every green tiling, with indiscriminate and merciless avidity. They go forth by hands or flights, anil each flight is said to have a king, which directs its movements with great regularity. Locusts can fly Only whèn their wings are perfect ly dry ; and when tiiey rise, they always fly off before the wind, and lill the air like an immense cloud of thick smoke :—when the leader alights up on the ground, all the flight follow Itis example as fast as possible—They are at'times so numerous, tlr.it they may tie said to cover the wholo fare of the country; they then devour every spear of grass and grain, even seating it into the ground, dislodging it root and branch, cutting off all the leaves from the shrubs and trees, and sometimes all the kirk from tender « to trees in a whole province, and that too in a very short space of time. The present African locusts are of are men as one ot the pi igues sent upon the land of Egypt, by the Almighty: they have always been considered in the countries where they usually commit ravages as a scourge from heaven, and as a punish ment for the sins of the people. The locust has been described, as Icing produeeil by some unknown physical cause, different from the ordinary mode of animal production: this is a mistake; when 1 was at Mogadore, Mr. Wiltshire told me that the. lo eusts were produced hv a very well known and natural cause; that the female, a little before the flights dis appear for the season, thrusts her hinder parts i. to the surface of the ground up to her wings, first having found a suitable spot of earth for that purpose: here she forms a cell in shape like that made by the bee, hut from one to three inches in depth, ami one to ttfo iiibii«^ in uihiiicu i . Having maile the sides of the cell strong by means of a glutinous mat ter, whi h she has the power of pro duoiiig, she deposits her eggs, which are blackish, and so small, as scarcely to he distinguishable with the naked eye: each cell is filled full, and con tains an she tiicn seats n over cart tile same kind of glut: noie v.hietf the m and oiering leaves it io he liati-i of the sun in due time, whieii general ly happen* in the iiionth of January : s in one cell alone produce a host, of lo-usis, air.otmting lo near a million. ! opem d and examined se tnd near a garden, two miles from Meg*.fore, and was much si t'orised to sec the t the s ne gf.VV"'"* tio-ieii in the Birne, U 11... : use lolly with matter ut s farme I. ■artli, she air. hv the lient ;dr of tii it ov'er with t ver.d cells i lie thick to gether in one mass, like the spawn of fishes. 1 took up some of it on the tip of a sharp-pointed penknife, and separating and counting Uie eggs, by means of a micros* ope, as accurately as possible, I enumerated seven hund red and forty-one; admitting that every egg would produce a locust,and that tlu* number contained in the small portion ou ihi* point ofthe penknife was the one thousandth part, of the whole mass, (whit h is a low estimate,) it proves that a single locust could produce in one season, even T she fills hut one cell, upwards of half a million of her species. Vilien the locust is hatched, lie crawls out of the earth a little worm, of a light brown color, and the whole cell of them ace said to hatch about the nano time. This host of worms creep forth from the ground, and commence '' *ic march, all going one course, g or we»* • ts the north mg green ' leaving of dexn so rapid - week .still* - slout their effort. . he.,.!. I insert, i a short nipt fly in .. t ry mg. (stance mg and skip thin he! OG at a ping like grasshoppers for two or three days ; next they set offin a body the tw ig, and fly from five miles to one hundred, without stopping, just as the country seems to please their taste, and they then go on as I have before described. Dry warm seasons are favorable to the breeding of locusts, and a very wet eoid oue is sure to destroy them in the empire of Morocco, until the flights come again from otliet parts. I do not know precisely the months in which the female locust makes her deposit of eggs, only that it is in the latter part of the summer, or first of the fall months. The old locusts having done their share of mischief, are either driven oft'by the winds in die a nat ural death ; m on to the sea, or thus making room fur anew and more When all have dis hungry swarm, qipeircd in the Moorish empire, a few flights are seen to come from the borders of the desart, or from the coasts of Egypt; which again lay waste the whole country, until they are in their turn destroyed by frequent rains and cold damps, or strong gales from the land, which sweep them into It is said at Mogadore, the ocean, and believed by (lie Moors, Christians and Jews, that the Bereheries inhab iting the Atlas mountains, have the power to destroy every flight oflo •■iists that comes from (he south and from the east, and thus ward oft' (his dreadful scourge from all the conti iries north and west of this stupendous ridge, merely by building large fires on those parts ofthe ridge over which the locusts are known always to pass, and in the season when they are likely to appear, which is at a definite period within a certain number of days, n The Allas bein - of the a a the her the in i . almost every year, high, and the peaks covered with snow, these insects become chilled in passing over them, when seeing the lires, they are attracted by the glare, and plunge into the flames. I do not know what degree of credit ought to lie attached to this opinion, hut it is certain that the. Moorish Sultan used t.o pay a considerable sum of money yearly to certain inhabitants of the sides of the Atlas in order to keep the locusts out of his dominions. The Moors and Jews further affirm, that during the time in which the Suit paid the aforesaid yearly stipend punctually, not a locust was to he seen in his dominions north and west of the Atlas, hilt that about six years ago the emperor refused to pay the stipulated sum, because no locusts troubled liis country, and thought he had been imposed upon; and it so happened that ihu very same yeartli** , a b ..:.. ui,iiu ilielr appearance, and have continued to lay waste the in country ever since. • 1 ' country ever since. Locusts are esteemed very good food by tiie Moors, Arabs and J, v>-. ill Barbar» who eat. h large nollilu :* of them in their :.(! tl season them, while jumping alive, into a pan of boiling Argali oii : here they liis and fry until their win affi am! tlic.ir bullies are sufficiently cooked, when they are poured out ami I have seen many thousand ire burned mien. •ooked in this maimer, and have had the curiosity to taste them: they re sembled in consistence and flavor tic yolks of hard boiled hens'eggs. Af ter my arrival at Tangier, on convers ing with our consul general, Mr. Simpson, respecting the locusts, lie confirmed the circumstance of what I had before heard and observed myself in Barbary concerning them. This ravenous imeet had actually caused a famine in that part of the country, so that Mr. .Simpson and the other Christian Consul at Tangier were o hligeyl to send to Gibraltar, and buy American Hour for the ordinary con sumption of their families; inferior Ameiiean flour was then selling at rangier for St5 per barrel, although heinre the scarcity occasioned by the locust, the fine B.irhary wheat used to he sold lor one dollar and a hall per barrel. " Mr. Simpson further stated, that in the year 1814, (to the best of my recollection as to the lime) being with hi» family at his house on Mount. >i ashinglon, near Gape Spartet ; and where the locust covered the whole face of the ground at night, when lit* arose the next morning, lie could not perceive a single one, and observed to itis lady, that all the locust which had remained with them fora long time, and destroyed most of the herbage a bout the country, had disappeared; In Wondered at first what hud become of lliem ; bul after the fog in the strait was dissipated, looking at a vessel thro* bis glass, that was passing out, In* observed that tin* whole surface of tin* water was covered with sonn thing that appeared like a reddish scum, ■•'id on reflection, it struck him, that fnc lo, ust had attempted at night to ingrate across the straits into Spain, ly ing before the wind, which was fair. * ind blowing from the southward; hut in the fog, >r cheeked on their passage by con - - a that they were either h as trat y winds, which generally prevail the strait at night (particularly in the sumtnei* time,) in the middle ol the Strait: and were thus forced hj fatigue and the humidity of the at mosphere, to settle upon the surface of the water, from whence they could not rise, anil were conseijuently* all drowned. That two days afterwards, a vessel arrived at Tangier Irma Gibraltar, the captain of which confirmed his conjectured, by assuring him that vast numbers of dead locusts had been dri ven ashore on the rock of Gibraltar, and along the coast of Spain, from Algesiras to Tarilfa, a distance of nearly twenty miles, and that there stilt great numbers of their ear eases floating in the straits, near the Spanish shore. I was also informed that several years ago, nearly all the locusts in the empire, which were at that lime very numerous, ami had carried a ; m ■ were a laid waste the country, were off in one night and drowned in the Atlantic ocean; that their dead car casses a few days driven by winds and currents on shore, all along the western coast, extending from near Gape Spartul to beyond Mogadore forming, in many places, immense piles on the sand beach : that the stench arising IVon* their remains, was intolerable, and was supposed to have produced the plague which broke out about that time in various parts of the Moorish dominions. I have thus faithfully embodied wliat infor mation I could obtain regarding the locust, from living authority, which deem indubitable, and to which 1 have afterwards were n - i added such facts and circumstances ai fell under my own observation, uuas sisted by books ; and I trust the whoh will he found essentially correct. Ido not profess to he a naturalist, ii cannot he expected that 1 should un dertake to give a description of his interior formation, Xc. A in From lute English papers received til the offre of the New-Fork Daily Advertiser, London, April 20. A variety of foreign and domestic intelligence will he found in nur co lumns of this day. \Vt* cannot say, however, that there is any part of it, of any peculiar importance to the pub lic. Perhaps the address of Mr. Mun roe, upon his inauguration as Presi dent of the United Wtates, deserves more persual. ft e have never given much credit to persons speaking in augural orations; they .<«•«> too stuillc.i, tatet the vuu.uuw-r t.sv-ape ; they are like showy Bir mingham goods—entercly made for sale. If we could believe all that is put forward in this, address, we should Lunik the Amerieaii* the fir»t ... >*i the world : we should think f! Vlentors governed, and that every itild ofthe United States was anotliei I'eleiu.u bus ! But we are not so ea • >!' belief. We have too often bo disappointed and deceived by sud. address ; and we have too long known how flourishing and courtly nations look in print, whilst poverty and op pression are their mclunchoiy portion, ml pression are their mclunchoiy portion, in reality. With aii the distrust, however, which an acquaintance with tin quackery of polities, and the knavery of statesmen must inspire, we sti! can catch through the wilderness a gleam of light., that helps us pn . in our road to ascertain the truth. The American government scene desirous to preserve a strict line d amity with foreign powers ; at tin same time, that they take all thus, necessary precautions which - may se cure them from aggiession. Their revenue would appear to lie in a very flourishing condition ; but then the expenses of their government are comparatively nothing. We know not how it is, that a republican govern ment can keep their states secure, and afford protection to their people, whilst, taxes arc unoppressive, and liberty ol person and of creed is un restrained iu its exercise. We cannot imagine why monarchal government should he so particularly expensive : especially, as we have never seen that their people are more happy or more free than those who live under a re public. We are friends to monar ciiial government, we think, if pro perly balanced and administered, it could secure every desirable blessing we might eovet. We rather think tepnGlics are uusuited tc enlarged dominions ; or where nations arrive at a certain point of elevation, either commercial, or military, or agricul 1ural. Indeed, in Greek and Roman history, we have frequent instances of (his truth : and we think, before many 'ears elapse, that America will add another—to the examples which could he cited. The population is not yet sufficiently dense in America, to have I hose divisions occur in property and in interests, which operate in other countries : and, of necessity, almost impel them into a inonarcliiul, if not despotic form or government. But as soon as America becomes a nation —as soon as lier people bear that pro portion to their soil, which those of other countries bear to theirs—as national taste is formed, soon as a anil as conflicting interests begin to assume their proper appearances—it will be found that America will be monarelii.il, if not perhaps a come a military and despotic government We cannot say that our wishes second observations upon this point. On the contrary, we should wish, for the improvement ofthe world, that A liter should remain a republic ; because, eceleris paribus, if the least expensive government possess in it equal cle ments of duration, and aft'ord equal protection of person and of properly as a more expensive ; the advantages are with the republican form o l go vernimmt, and should therefore be preferred. America' possesses many advanta ges denied to other countries ; and if she act a prudent part towards her brethren of the south, her commerce must improve, and her navy acquire a permanence which may alter, in the process of time, the situations ol many European states. No man can contemplate the situation of America without feelings of superior exulta tion. In this country, unhappily, we look upon the Americans as the lees of society ; and vainly think that the abuse of Jonathan w ill secure a pre eminence to John Bull, i he public should be disabused of this erroneous notion. We should watch the pro gress of other states minutely ; where we see their virtues, to copy them ; and where we meet their vices—to correct those''of a similar nature in our lea ourselves. The following is one of the many stories which now occupies the gos sips of Baris :—" A person, w ho was apothecary to Bonaparte, it seems, at t'ne. desire of the ex-emperor, after his return from Waterloo, prepared hnn a poison, active, subtle, and in evitable. This lie wore - onecsiled in his sleeve, and tasted it afterwards at M ilniaison. But the courage of he roes sometimes vaeilitates, and it is certain tliai Bonaparte did not swal low the whole portion. Mameluke, who witnessed tue trans action, believed his master poisoned, and ran precipitately to the Due de Vicenza, (Caulineonrt,) to whom he imjiartcd his fears. The Due coldly replied.—" Laissez le faire,' leave him to himself! hut an instent after entered into the presence of hi* fallen mast.ee num the. internal stiferings lie was exposed to, apprehend he had taken too much, and under this idea depressed, hut not without coolness and self command, took leave of those who surrounded him," His faithful 1 a . : it of Royal Longevity. There are now living sixteen So vereigus in Europe, who are of or a bove threescore ye t,- of age ! The British King is the oldest, having al most completed his 79(h year.—The Duke of Anliault Dessau is 77 years old.—The Pope Hesse 74—Henry XII of Kniss 70 : the King of.Sweden 69 ; ,the Langrave of Ilcsse-Homhurg 00 ; the King oi Saxony 67 ; the King of the- Two Si i ilies 66 ; the King of Sardinia 66 : the King of France 62; the Ring of Bavaria Ot ; the Duke of Guleiihurg ot ; the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg Schwerin 60 ; the Grand Duke of Hesse 60; and the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar 60. It may amuse, the reader to learn t he ages of the other Potentates of the old world :— The King ol Portugal is 50 years of age ; the Emperor of Austria AO; the King of Denmark -19; the King of Prussia 47 ; the King of the Ne therlands 45 ; the Emperor of Russia 40 ; the King of Wurtemburg 36 ; the King of Spain 33 ; the Sultan Ma homet 32; the Duke of Saxc-Uohourg 31 ; and the Duchess of Parma (late Empress of France) 26. The latter has renounced her title of Empress. A Proclamation before us begins :— " We, Maria Louisa, Imperial Pria cess and Archduchess of Austria, by the Grace of Gad, Dm-hrs* of Par ma, Placentia, Guastellu," Xc. &e. Slea,n Printing Engine. We have seen further accounts of the new printing engine introduced into England. It is wrought by steam, and with the aid of two or three hoys, can perfect nearly a thou sand sheets per hour. A comparison is made between the coasts of press work. with the oid and new press— and the result is, that " three hoys in one hour, at a cost of 6d sterling, are enabled by this new application of steam, to perform the labor of two men for 8 hours, at a cost of eight, shilling. Such are the present capa bilities of this engine ; but as there is no limit to its required powers, and the size of Uniform is uo ohsta i'he Elector ol ole to its perfect performance, it i proposed to take impressions on dun l>le demy, in which case three boj . it 6d will in one hour perform f,c labor of twenty two men at sixte shillings, la its general analogy, (hi, press is not unlike the rolling of copper plate printers." eu pfe-s [Norfolk Herald. j, ave copied the following South America. From the N. T. Unity Advertiser, May 26. INTERESTING. By the arrival yesterday afternoon ofthe sehr. Major Croghan, we ban. received Curracoa papers to the Hb inst. From one of these papers w interesting document. Capture of Barcelona. We have received a Uaraccas zette of the 16th instant, and haver;: traded from it the following ollicial account of the capture of Barcelona by the Royalists on the 8th. Extract from thr Caraccas GazilU of the itith of April, 1817. CARÂGCAS. G a Attack and reduction of Barcelona by the 1st division under Don Juan de Aidania, colonel ofthe dragoons. Report of the Commander. Wishing to accomplish what 1 had the honour of communicating to your excellency from Piruiu in my dispatch hearing date 2d of April, instnm, i ordered the army on the 3d to com mence its march, and on the 4i!i. io the morning, I arrived at the mouth of Caicara, where I was joined hymn expedition from Cuiniina.—At 7 o' clock uftheJHh, I formed my columns to take possession of Barcelona, after which the army entered the town with that martial and warlike appearance the true patrimony of valor and vic tory. 1 already had ordered colonel Don Manuel Baus», commander of the column of light infantry, marching at the head ofthe army, to remove every obstacle in his way. until getting pos session of the most immediate lionso to the fortification, and to shut the, entrance of the streets with parapets, in order to encompass the enemy in liis entrenchment, pud at the arrival ofthe artillery, to occupy the batter ing redoubt, whereof the construction had been intrusted by me, to the ne livlty and vat«*- „rivon lxiigenn* Ara » » captain of the regiment of Bar liastro, and.to Don Juan Calvet bre vet lieutenant of that of Granada. The light infantry performed their duty to my entire satisfaction, and de stroyed some wretches win; ;.J . mod iiemsclves in the street. I had plae (1 a reserve on the great square, and he rest ofthe army, look upa proper talion in front of the building, forti ded by the cm my. Having thus the whole of the city at my disposal, and the enemy being narrowly shut up in his forlilieatioc, 1 resolved to take possession of the rest as soon as possible, and therefore ordered the artillery at the mouth of the river to he brought lip, in which maiiieuvre I was assisted by the cou rage of Don Jose Maria V lotion, a captain in the navy and oinmander of the royal squadron. On the 7th, at day-break, I already had two pieces mounted, opposite to the left part of the fortified house, and at noon of the same day, I placed another piece, to the right of the house, w herewith, and the two pieces already placed at a distance of a thousand paces from the enemy, and commanded by Don Fran cisco Maya, lieutenant of the artille ry, such destructive lire was made, that at two o'clock part of t he fron tispiece had given away. This batte ry was defended by 12 artillerists, whereof 1U were wounded. I imme diately commanded a strong column, grenadiers and light infantry to com mence the attack, which I entrusted lo the well known bravery ofthe lieu tenant eoionel of the regiment of the Union, Col. Don Joaquin Urreiztieta. and the rest of the corps of B irbas tro, under major Don Vicento B.inza, to remain as a reserve to he employed at the proper moment, while the mounted dragoons, and the yeoman cavalry undo;' Don Josef Navas, com mander of a squadron, placed them selves on the burying ground, which partly is situated in front of the breach, with intention to destroy the enemy in ease (as it was to be pre sumed) he would endeavor to'mnke Ins escape by that side. After these dispositions, the col. of the corps of Barhastro, Don Juan Gin:, second in command ofthe army, to whose skill and good advices I for the greatest part ascribe the good success of my attempt, and lieutenant colonel Don Vlanuel Bousa,chief ad-iuterini ofthe stall'remained with me, to observe the motions of the enemy, to tiie left of tile, assault, and lo execute such or ders, as I might find proper to issue. :