The republic. [volume], July 17, 1849, Image 2

About The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853

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N * W * 4
Pis .foreign Illisullaim
From the London Times
It it, we believe, wholly without precedent, thai
events of the nature of those which are now taking
place in Central Italy should occur, without full and
frank communications on the subject to all friendly
powers, if not to the world at large, from the governments
principally concerned. These communications
are destined to assign legitimate motives,
to remove suspicions, to define the object of such
military expeditions, and to set bounds to their ul
iciim iv?u"o? w iv waa (iini wurii mc kuvci mucin
of Charles X was preparing the expedition which |
laid the bams of the Fiench domination in Africa, j
Lord Aberdeen instructed the British Ambassador
at Paris to obtain from M de Polignac a distinct j
expluiialion of the intentions of his government.
The answer given to Lord Stuart de Rothesay
Was satisfactory. as far as it went, but it was a verbal
answer. The French government declared that
it was resolved solely to obtain redress foran insult,
and to effect the suppression of piracy in the Mediterranean
; but that no further steps would be taken
with a view to occupation of tfie African coast
without a further reference to the other powers.
The revolution of July occurred immediately after
this conquest; Louis Philipjie repudiated the verbal
assurances of his predecessor ; Lord Aberdeen
went out of office, and Lord Pulmerston appears
never to have reminded the French government of
itg engagements, until many years afterwards, when
his forbearance or active participation in their policy
had degenerated into the most acrimonious hostility.
He then thought fit to produce the papers, hut it
was of course too late to make any further remonstrance
on that a< quisitinn.
The present case of the expedition against Rome
is somewhat analogous It differs from the enterprise
of 1830, inasmuch as the French government
lias not been pressed to give any explanation at all
of this more unprovoked aggression ; but it resembles
it in the total indifference to the result
which Lord Palmcrsion has shown in both instances,
because he happened in both instances to
be in the honeymoon of a French alliance. As for
the despatches of M. Drouynde Lhuys which have
been produced, they are in no wuy addressed to the
Ministers of this country; they constitute no engagement
on the part of France, and they demonstrate
nothing but the extraordinary fallacies under
which the French cabinet seems to have been
laboring. Before, however, we proceed to consider
these documents, we beg leave to recapitulate the
ments made to Parliament, which have thrown us
into the utmost perplexity.
When first the subject was brought before the
House of Lords by Lord Aberdeen, we were informed
that some communications had passed between
the French and British governments with
reference to the Roman expedition, but that no
communication whatever had been received from
Austria. It turned out shortly afterwards that
Lord Lansdowne in giving this assurance had been
directly misinformed. Several days before this
discussion occurred. Count Colloredo had read to
Lord Palmerston, by oider of his court, a desfiatch,
giving a full account of the intentions of Austria in
the Papal States, and with reference to the whole
Italian question ; if we are correctly informed, a
copy of that despatch was offered to the foreign
secretary at the ume, but declined by him ; subsequently
to the inac< urate statement in the House of
Lords that copy was sent, an explanation took
place, and Lord Lansdowne hastened to correct the
error. With regard to the French communication,
it was long before we could ascertain whether it
was verbal or in writing, direct or indirect. At
length it has been produced, and proves to be in
the form of instructions to the French agents at
Vienna and Gaeta, which were read to Lord Pulnierston
, a copy was given, but not by order of
the French minister. No despatch at all is yet
known to have passed between the two governments.
The mere showing of instructions is an act {
of courtesy, and no more, for they may be altered,
revoked, or even accompanied by secret instructions
of a different nature. As to the Austrian coinmu- I ,
nicalion, Lord Lansdowne again stated on Thurs- (
day, that " no record of it was in existence,"
yet he afterwards surmised that Lord Aberdeen
must have seen it, the fact being that the Austrian
Ambassador had read a despatch just as much as
the French agent; and at length Lord Lansdowne
consented to produce this very Austrian despatch,
which he said had been presented in form since he
had last spoken on the subject. All this is very i
odd and very perplexing. What imaginable mo- j
live can there l>e for such suppression and evasions j
ii puu.n inioriiitiiKJii 11 may nm or rxpeaiciu
to publish to the world documents disclosing the j
policy of foreign governments, and on that point j
ministers exercise a broad discreuon ; but in matters
so nearly afferting the greatest interests of i
Eorope, we have a right to know that the gowrnment
has obtained complete information ana effec- 1
luai assurances from other Stales, and that the existence
of such engagements should be established
beyond all doubt.
We cannot say that the instructions to M Drouyn
de Lhuys1 own agents, winch were commiintcsted j
to the British Cabinet by the despatch of the 19th
April, fulfil any of these conditions They are, as
L >rd Aberdeen t mphuticnlly deacrilwd them to be,
-stuff" The allegation that the French Government
had resolved to send a bod v of troon* to Ciri/o
Vn rhia waa a falsehood and a blind in Austria and
u> England. Their destination waa Rome. The
assumption thai the Roman Republic waa about to
fall might lie pmtmble at the tune- but if any thing
<%>uldgive |*mun?Hrto that gov*rumenl it w?*
the merit of ita defence against tins invasion. The 1
intimation to the Pope tiiut he waa to be Untight 1
back to R me with a French lilieral manifcatn ia at
variance wuh the in imannn that Pin IX waa not j
to be conai rained to adopt tlim or that form of government
on the recovery of hin power. Lastly, the :
paragraph which deprecate* the march of the Austrian*
on Bologna as a step ' which, however use
leu with regard to her serious interest*, would j
serve but to disquiet and excite men's minds," is
infinitely more applicable to the very expedition
which this despatch professes to justify. Since the j
dale of this communication the whole character of '
the intervention has been changed A column of
6.UU0 men has swollen into an army of 30.000
or 40,000. Rome haa lieen invested for two months !
and cannonaded for eighteen days. The Roman '
Triumvirs have not capitulated, though the enemy
is within the walls; and the restoration of the Pope j
is only to be effected, if at all, by acta of violence,
bloodshed, and destruction, which the Pontiff has
uniformly prohibited and dianvowed. It is needless
to expatiate on theae lacM; they are known, |
and they are judged amongst us; what more immediately
concerns the policy of ihis country is the
incredible want of any adequate explanation of the
most considerable military expedition which has
quitted the shores of France since the peace, and
the equal want of any evidence that the motives of
fhia i vri^rtilinn h*vp K^#n ItmiiIv in .-?aftrrafaH r*r
that the outrageous results to which it haa led thr
French army have been firmly opposed by the government
of thia country. It would be easy to produce
numeroua instances of far leaa moment in
which the remonatranrea of the government of Eng.
land have heen atrongly expreaaed, and by no one
more atrongly than by Lord Palmeraton
i
The History of the Paltenrf Oulne*.
Iii the Britiah Museum 1a a collection of coina,
among which la one called the Ptnteney Guinea,
no called from the following circumatance:
William Pultenev, aflerwarda Earl of Bath, waa
remarkable alike for hia oratorical talenta and hia
long and consistent opposition to the measures of
Sir Robert Walpole, the great Whig minister. On
the 11th of February, 1741, a time when party
feeling waa at tta height, Walpole received an inti
maimn in the House of Commons that it waa the
intention of the opposition to impeach him To
this menace he replied with hia usual composure
nnd self-complacence, merely requesting a fair and
candid hearing, and winding up his speech with the
quotations:
"Nil conacire aibi, nulli pallescere culpse.'1
With his usual tact, Pulteney immediately rose,
and observed, "that the right honorable gentleman's |
logic ana i^nn wrrf aiixe inaccurate. ano inai
Horaee, whom he had junt miaquoted, had written i
nulla palleacere culpa." " Walj.ole maintained
that hia quotation waa correct. and a bet waa offered
The matter waa thereu|>on referred to Nicholas
I larding?. Clerk of the Houae, an excellent ciaaaical
acholar, who decided against Walpole. The
mmiaier accordingly took a guinea front hi* pocket,
and flung it acroaa the Houac |o Pulteney. The
latter caught it, arid, holding it up, eiclaimcd, "It'a
the only money I hare received from the ireaaury
for many yeara, and it ahall be the 'net." Thi*
guinea, having been carefully preaerved, finally
rame into the hand* of Sir John Murray, by whom
it waa preeented in 1H2S to the Rritiah Muaeum
The following memorandum, in the handwriting of
Pulteney, ta attached to it: "Thie ginnen I de* t<may
be kepi a? an heir-loom It waa won of Sir
Robert Walpole in the Hou?e of Commona. he
aaaerung the rerae in Horace to l?e nuUi pallctrcrt
rulptr, wherrae I laid the wa^er of a guinea thai it
waa nulla pnllctctrr culpa. He aent for the book,
and being convinced that he had loat, gave me thie
guinea. I told him I could take the money without
any bluah on my a de, but believed it was the only
money he ever gave in the House where the tfiver
and the receiver ought not equally to bluah. This
guinea, 1 hope, will prove to my posterity the uae
of knowing Latin, and encouruge them in their
learning."
KOKHIUN THBATKlt'ALtt.
Mai. Mowatt.?A London correspondent of
the N. Y. Spirit of the Times gives an account of
the production at London of a new play called '
"The Witch wife," by Henry Spicer. Our own I
countrywoman, Mrs. Mowatt, made her first appearance,
after an illness of some weeks) duration,
in the character of ihe heroine of the play, " Cecil
Howard-" The plot of the play is very simple; i
the scene and age of the play are in England, in the
reixn of Charles II., when prosecutions for wilch<nil'l
li'in ufru frimil-ill moi! H.vcrv nnr with niw
idea above ihe averuge ?f their class, lived in terror. '
Mathcw Hopkins, the witch-finder, becomes enamored,
of Cecil, who rejects him, und therefore \
attracts all his hatred und revenge. Cecil and some
of her companions in sport dress themselves as '
w itches, go to Mulkin Tower?a traditional rendez- I
vous?and go through, in derision, rites not unlike i
the incantation scene of "Der Freishutz." Hopkins '
discovers the purty, seizes Cecil, and imprisons her j
on a charge of witchcraft. She is tried, and sen- I
tenced to suffer death ; but Marcbmont Needham?
a part admirably sustained by Mr. Davenport?
makes his appearance in the court, as a judge, and
pardons Cecil. Marchmont, an admirer of Cecil,
marries her. The |>art of Mr. Davenport is short,
the "Times" says, but is important, as on it the
climax of the play depends. The same pa|>ersays
that in the character of Cecil are 44 those gentle
displays of joy and grief for which Mrs. Mowatt
is so well adapted." Both Mrs. Mowatt and Mr.
Davenport were loudly applauded ; and the former,
at the conclusion of the play, received a shower of
boquets. It is very evident that Mrs. Mowatt has
taken that position on the English stage to which i
her talent and genius so fully entitle her.
Mr. Macrkady will not appear for some time on
the London stage ; he purposes playing a series of
provincial engagements, which will occupy a few
months, and then will appear in London.
The Gekman Opera, in London, which attracted
so much attention not long ago, has made what the
French and Italians call a fiasco. The manager,
Herr Roeder, has been dragged before the police,
at the suit of one of the company. Roeder, it appears,
engaged the troupe in Germany, at thirty
dollars (German) per month; but, as the London
public did not patronize the enterprise, they were
able to obtain only as many shillings, (sterling;)
and finally were so reduced that they slept in the
theatre. The Q.ueen, it appears, once visited the
theatre, and the manager contrived to get his company
together, by promising that the royal donation
should be divided among the company. This
was faithfully done; but, as her majesty sent only
thirty pounds, the personal dividend was but six
shillings. The Germans are now begging in the
streets.
French Theatricals are at a low ebb. The
exciting scenes daily occurring throughout the
country leave to the people little disposition to listen
to fictitious excitements. Tragedy, comedy,
opera, and ballet are all in a low state, and the great
artists are either absent from the stage, or in other
countries.
A play called Strathmore has been produced
at the Haymarket Theatre, which is far above
the average of the dramas which have appeared
during recent years. The usual rule of playwrights,
to array a person against a principle, is
varied from?Strathmore himself being the incarnation
of a principle. The scenes and personages
O . L f -1 - f f*\\ I . ? .1.
re r>coicn, or me era 01 Cyiavernouse 8 war on me
Covenanters. Strath more (Mr. C. Kean) would, if
he followed the behests of interest, adhere to the
royalists; and he is betrothed to the daughter
Catharine (Mrs. Kean) of a distinguished member ,
of that party. Sir Rupert Lorn. He does not
sympathize with the Covenanters; but, satisfied
that they are oppressed, becomes their defender.
Sir Ru;>ert, having massacred a pastor with his
congregation, Stralhmore is selected to head a party
against the castle of his friend. Rupert is taken
and tried?Stralhmore sitting as one of his judges. 1
Sir Rupert acknowledges his guilt, and is imprisoned.
Catharine sees her lover, and attempts
in vain to induce him to pardon her father. In
|Kp mpnn limp iKp RauhIibi* rolulrp lh? rnalU Sir
Rupert ik rescued, and Strathmore mortally wounded.
The moral triumph consist* in his obtaining
from Catharine a confession that he has been in
the right.
The play has had brilliant success, and will probably
be re-produced in this country. The acting
of Mr and Mrs. Kean in the roles of Strathmore
and Catharine is said to be above all criticism.
THIS ' E P I BLIC.
WASHINGTON:
TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 17. 1849.
OFFICIAL.
APPOINTM KNTS RY THE PRESIDENT.
Samuel R. Rogers, of Tennessee, to |
be Attorney of the United States for the
eastern district of Tennessee, vice Thos. 1
C. Lyon, resigned.
James M. M Lean, of Illinois, to be
Register of the Land Ottice at Palestine,
Illinois, vice Harman Alexander, removed.
Nathan Sargent, of Pennsylvania, to
be Recorder ol the General Land Olhce,
vice S. H. Laughlin, removed.
George Wade, Postmaster, Bridgeport,
Connecticut, from and after the 30th of j
September next.
collectors of the cu8tomi.
Nathaniel G. Marshall, York, Me.,!
vice Joseph P. Junkins, removed.
Joseph Caches, Alexandria, Va., vice
Kdward Green, removed.
THE ILAVKRV AO IT ATI OK.
A UaflH of History.
The complacency with which the Union
contemplates the progress of the "disgusting
coalition;" the ecstasy with which it announced
the first fruits of this "dangerous
fir irrA n i 7^1 if in_ " in I hp rp?n If (if f hp Cnnnorfi
cut elections; ami the rapture with which it
dwells upon the promised amalgamation
of the extreme (actions of its party upon a
platform "worse than that of the Whigs,"
however they surprise the superficial observer,
are susceptible of a very intelligible
explanation. We must beg leave to
refer our readers to a chapter in the early
history of the slavery agitation, which,
though often alluded to in a general way,
has not been of late brought before the
public in a manner to show the connexion
of the controlling mind of the Union with
it. Judging from the anathemas hurled
by the Union at the Free-Soilers, during j
the last Presidential canvass, the natural
inference would be, that our contemporary |
ever held the machination;* of abolitionism
a* utter abominations; but, when the tortuous
winding of the "sole organ" are
exj*v*ed to the light of history, it becomes
manifest that its bland and amiable sentiments
towards a combination of parties !
upon the platform of "black Douglass" !
and "Wm. Bibb, a fugitive slave," are
the echoes of the olde. time?the reminiscences
of an early love.
Whilst the Missouri compromise was in
the thr<?es of adjustment, the Richmond
Enquirn, then edited by the present leading
spirit o< the f num, discoursed of slavery
in this wise;
i I
[ From th* Richmond Fiufutrtr of Fab- '26, IH'20.]
"The same principle which this itay induce* us
to publish an address on the Missouri question,
leadt- ins to giw place to the following. Let the
press l?e free. We coufea* it to be a very ingenious,
elegant, and forcible production. It may, too,
have the good effect desired by the author, of softening
down those fiery enthusiusis of the East, who
cite the Hible, without reservation, us an authority
on all occasions for charging the Southern people
with inhumanity?and who seem to have forgotten
that the evil of slavery has been too common; not
/?rv?Kiiori tlk IkliraitlvM tiliklin Kilt AViin t.klllui Mills II IT
?.?v, ~B
tin- ancient Hebrews?by wliat mysterious dispensations
it was so permitted, it is not for its to presume
to conjecture. We protest, however, and of
tliat of so many others, thut we do not vindicate
servitude; we wish no slave had touched our soil;
we wish it could be terminated. As republicans,
we frankly declare, before our God and our country,
that we abhor its institution. Hut what then?
Is this the question tunc.' In it nut a curse, not chosen
by our forefathers, but imposed upon them, and
entailed upon ourselves? And does not every man,
unless he be a fanatic, conceive how difficult it is
for us to bo rid of it, in a manner consistent with
our future peace and tranquillity. As to the extension
of slavery beyond the Mississippi, it is miserable
cant; it would tend to soften the evil and to
accelerate abolition."
There are two very significant declarations
in the above extract. First, the
leading editor of the Union called God to
witness that he abhors southern institu
Hons; ana tne oiner is, mai in aavocaung
the extension of slavery beyond the Mississippi,
he was tipping the Abolitionists
assistance ondhe sly.
What manner of respect can the people
have for the opinions of an organ which
holds to no set of principles any two consecutive
days. In 1820 its senior editor
held southern institutions in such holy
horror that its denunciations were solemnized
by the most terrible of all invocations.
Since then the Union has denounced
the Whi<? party with eauaJ vehemence for
a supposed sympathy with Free-Soilism;
and now it falls in with the "disgusting
coalition," as a prodigal son returning to
his birthright. It will presently boast
that its philippics against General Taylor,
the slaveholder, were fulminated to
strengthen a factious combination of "fugitive
slaves" and "fanatics" against institutions
which it abhors before God and
man. Its advocacy at any time of southern
institutions was the strategy of ingenious
hostility. Its support of any thing
will be pleaded as the device of covert
enmity.
If the denunciations of President Taylor
and the Cabinet are conceived in the
policy which accomplishes its ends by indirection,
the Union may lay claim to tact
and judgment which will not be accorded
to it by any other interpretation of its
course. Its, grossness, its prevarication,
its downright misstatements, its obscenity,
and its palpable slanders, have contributed
to disgust the people of the country with
? ? 1.. .?>. :* 1 c
an uj/pv^aiinju w mv.ii i^an uuij nuM'diu iiscn
by trampling upon whatever is respectable
in argument or reputable in party
polemics.
AFFAIRS OF FRANCE.
Placed between the two extremes of
reckless and unprincipled radicalism on
the one side, and an infatuated conservatism
on the other, the sincere republicans
of France are truly in a dangerous and embarrassing
predicament. After weighing
the representations and misrepresentations
of both the extreme parties, we can entertain
little doubt that the government, and
the presses in its interest, have greatly
over-estimated or designedly exaggerated
the objects and facts of the late demonstration
in Paris at the Conservatoire des Arts
of /loo VI /? ior. If nn i*
ci uto iurucin. uuc it nidi mrn?icr>
calculated to eicite the most serious alarm
had been uttered by some of the Red Republican
journals; open appeals to the people
to rise against the government had
appeared in one of them; and Ledru Rollin
had threatened, in the Assembly, a
resort to the iorcible alternative. The simultaneous
disturbances at Lyons and other
cities would seem to indicate a wide and
deep-laid conspiracy; and documents are
said to have been found, nominating Ledru
Rollin dictator of the Democratic and Social
Republic, with the power of life and
death over every French citizen; Serjeant
Boichot minister of war, Sue. With regard
to the latter report, every one acquainted
with the intrigues and manoeuvres of the
French police will recognise at once that
the documents were manufactured to or
der, to produce an effect upon the public
mind, to alarm the timid, and rouse the
indignation of the brave. There are some
features in the movement, however, which
preclude thw^supposition of an intended
rising against the government.
Apparently a great popular manifestation
against the, government, because of
their interference in Italy?a measure
plainly in violation of the constitution as
well as repugnant to every principle of re
publicanism?wax all that wax planned.
In the existing feverish state of the public
mind in regard to emrutet, thin manifestation
was doubtless unseasonable and impolitic;
but that it was designed to overthrow
government and introduce disorder
is incredible. Some few of the more hotheaded
of the malcontents, who took part
in the procession, cried "to arms!" but
the acclamation met with few responses;
and the immense assemblage of 2/),000 citizens
was dispersed without difficulty by
the soldiers under Gen. Changarnier. The
report that barricades were formed seems
to have arisen from attempts the most in
THE REPUBLIC.
significant. The whole affair was, we be*
lieve, intended as a protest against the
Roman business. "W hat veritable French
heart," asks the Republican correspond*
entof theCourrierdes Etats-Unis, "has not
burnt with indignation at the thought of the
odious part which the Falloux-Barrot Cabinet
has made us play before Rome? What
heart has not bounded in reflecting that
the honor of the country, the destinies of
the Republic, have been remitted into the
keeping of men who have the word republic
upon their lips, but who, none the less,
subject r ranee to a regime lor wnich the
worst days of the monarchy would hardly
furnish a parallel ?"
We fear there is too much cause for language
like this. The accounts by the
Niagara do not relieve our apprehensions
as to the sham character of the republicanism
professed by the leading members of
the Government of France. The rigorous
law against clubs has been enforced, and
Odilon Barrot has introduced a bill for "regulating
the press," which, we are told, is
nearly the same as the law of Louis Philippe
against refractory newspapers. Pitiable
enough all this. The ruling men in .
France would seem to have no idea of the
first rudiments of real, earnest republicanism.
But apart from the visionaries, who
threaten to throw down the very pillars of
social organization, not content with a republic
and universal suffrage?apart from
the Levellers and the Communists?there
is, we doubt not, a large party of honest,
sincere republicans, who fear, with
equal grief and alarm, the measures and
agitations 01 ootn extremes?tne precipitancy
and recklessness of the Red Republicans,
and the bad faith of the government
and its advocates.
the arts of peace.
We published, a day or two since, an
extract of a letter from this city, giving
an account of a visit of President Taylor
to the Patent Office, and expressing the
interest felt by the Chief Magistrate in the
progress of invention, and in the protection
of the rights of patentees. This sub
ject is one of such great importance that
we hope to find it especially regarded by
the present Administration. General Taylor
has reaped all his military laurels.
His fame and that of his Administration
must rest, as he has himself simply and
beautifully expressed it, on "the cultivation
of the ennobling arts of peace." The
constitutional protection of American industry,
in its competition with the pauper
labor of exhausted Europe ; the improvement
of our too long-neglected rivers and
harbors; aid to the great enterprises for
facilitating communication by railroad and
telegraph between our Atlantic and Pacific
possessions; and the just, liberal, and beneficent
encouragement of men of genius
and science in every department of invention,
by the prompt adoption in the public
service ol their really valuable improvements
: all these subjects, we have no
doubt, will meet with the considerate attention
of an Administration that can prosper
and establish itself only by sympathizing
with the progressive spirit of the
age. It was, therefore, with no little interest
that we read the letter to which we
have above referred, as an index to the
views and feelings of the Chief Magistrate
of the United Slates.
There is no class of men who deserve
more and receive less from their contemporaries
than those who devote themselves
to the invention and introduction of improvements
designed to diminish the labors
and increase the comforts of the human
race. The Whitneys, the Fultons, and
the Wood worths of our own country only
serve to swell the long catalogue which
the history of English invention has preserved,
of men who have themselves been
left to starve amid the opulence which their
mechanical genius and science have crei
ated. Saving and accumulating millions for
their countryman, they have been themselves
the victims of shabby tricksters and
mean conspirators, who have combined to
defraud and rob them of the fruits of their
toil and just remuneration of their genius.
And too often has it been the case that
Government itself has joined in the war
against them, and, alter appropriating
their labors, has listened to their applica
tion for relief with culpable indifference.
We believe that this contempt of individual
rights will never be justly charged
on the present Administration. We believe
that they will always be ready to
extend liberal encouragement to meritorious
inventions, and that they will never
disregard, in any department of the public
service, the rights that have been guarantied
by the Patent Office of the United
States. In the ordinary employment of
us annual appropriations, opportunities
frequently occur in which the several Executive
Departments can extend most desirable
and effective aid, not to untried
experiments, not to half-fledged inventions,
hut to improvements whose utility
has been placed, by reduction to practice,
beyond all reasonable question, from the
indications we have met with of President
Taylor's personal views in this behalf,
we have no doubMhat the policy of his
Administration will be shaped accordingly;
and we trust that one of the brightest
page* in the annals of his political career
will be that which records the results, un
der his genial encouragement, of "the
I cultivation of the ennobling arts of peace."
m .
ALUSUUNCi:.
The following ridiculous paragraphs are
from a Canadian paper of no small influence
and weight. They are taken from the
centre of a lengthy reply to a very able
exposition of the situation of Canada, and
the probable advantages or disadvantages
which would accrue to the colony in case
of annexation to the United States. It |
will be remembered that the article in the
Herald first called the attention of the
really thinking portion of the people of
the United States to the fact, that a large
party in Canada had materially changed
in views in relation to this country, and
did not look on the population on this side
of the Lakes as the anarchists they were
taken a few years since to be.
The Streetsvilie Review says:
"Monarchy is not an institution of human origin?the
King it God's Minister?and we conceive
that men are no more at liberty to speculute in cold
blood about renouncing the authority of that minister,
than they are to discuss the question as to
whether the Bible is to be their rule of life. Even
though Great Britain, us anticipated by the Herald,
would consent to our political separation, the difficulty
would not in consequence be lessened one jot
or tittle. Neither Queen nor Parliament huve power
to absolve us from our fealty. God has invested the
Crown and the Crown's advisers with no such dispensing
authority. The Church cannot canonize
'false doctrine, heresy and schism,' however willing
ahe might be to do so; and, in like mariner, the
Queen is restricted from acquiescing in the removal
of one of the gems which compose her coronet
of empire, though selfish, time-serving, expediency-adopting
councillors might urge her to such a
step.
"It is far from our intention to analyze the worldly-wise
arguments of the Herald in favor of this
dastardly und most infidel proposition. We would
as soon dream of speculating upon the establishment
of State-endowed stews, as a prolific source of
revenue. The reasons applicable to the one question
would be equally applicable to the other. Such
things ought not to be so much as named among
Christians, much less speculated upon."
Certainly, in this busy, thinking, speculative
age, near the middle of the nineteenth
century, when "the right divine to
rule" has been abandoned by every civil
i l i il. r r t>?
iza:u inunaicii, cAtcpi mc rjiupt'iurui ivuasia,
we did not expect to hear of the crudities
of Sir Robert Filmer being trumpeted
forth, or that the exploded opinions
of the reigns of the last Tudors and first
Steuarts would be seriously advanced,
even in Canada. If the Streetsville Review
and the many Canadian papers which have
copied the reply to the Montreal Herald
know the people of Canada, and expect
such stuff to be believed, there can be no
doubt the population of that country is
not yet prepared to appreciate the blessings
of self government. John Randolph
is represented to have said that a time
would come when masters would run away
frnm tKoir cloirna iirkn ii'aiiM tracf
iiuui iiivii ciia t wuu nuuiu au vui ita^
them in the newspapers; and the idea
seemed ridiculous enough. It must, however,
yield the pas to the notion that a sovereign
who abdicates betrays a trust.
Hon. A. Stewart.
We call attention to the brief report, in
another part of the paper, of an address
made by this distinguished gentleman at a
celebration of the Fourth of July at the
Fayette Springs.
W. K. Lane, Locofoco candidate for
Congress in the Newbern District, North
Carolina, in a recent speech boasted that
the entire cost of his education was twenty-one
dollars. It is a strange idea to make
ignorance a recommendation, and has not,
we think, been advanced since "Sir William
Berkley" thanked God there were
"no newspapers or common schools in Virginia
to corrupt the people." Mr. Lane
is evidently disposed to rival the individual
celebrated in the distich:
"Old Zip Coon was a very poor seliollar,
For all his cdication cost him but a dollar."
The steamer Falcon, arrived at New Orleans from
New York, via Havana, report* that the yellow
fever rages with great violence at the latter port. I
The Isabel, however, which arrived about the *ame
time at Charleston, brings no intelligence of (hi*
character.
Senator Sr.ward war taken very ill at Cnnnndnigna '
on Tueaday last.
Fl'NRRAL OF NIU. MADISON.
Yesterday the funeral of the lament- i
ed Mrs. Madison, so long one of the
brightest ornaments of the society of
Washington and of the nation, took place
from St. John's church. From ten o'clock
in the morning the body was exposed in
the church, and was visited by numbers
anxious to take a last look at her who had
been so long the observed of all observers, !
and who had, after occupying as exalted
a position as a woman may in America,
showed in private life that she had cast
dignity on, not received lustre from it. At j
the hour fixed for the funeral the church
was throngpd, the President and most of the
Cabinet being present, with almost every !
one connected with the Government in an
official capacity. The beautiful service of
the Episcopal church was read by the |
Rev. Messrs. Pine and French, after which ;
a procession was formed according to the
programme published yesterday, under the
direction of the Marshal of the District
and the Clerk of the Supreme Court of the j
United States. The corlrge moved from
St. John's to Pennsylvania avenue, the
l /r , i ii r 11 _!i.. A _II* it i *i
cnnereni oeus 01 trie cny tuning me wnile, i
and then proceeded to the Congressional
Cemetery, where the body was dejHjsited
for the present, until arrangements shall
have been made for removing it to its final
resting-place, the cemetery at Montpelier, 1
Orange county, Virginia, the family seat
where Mr. Madison was buried. Mrs.
Madison was the last survivor of the irn-l
mediate families of those of our Chief Magistrates
who participated in the strife and
councils of the Revolution, kequiencnt.
MMONHV.
There are, U is well known, two orders of Muaone?ihose
of ibc York and of (he Scotch lodges.
The Masonic fraternity in this country uses the
ritual of the first, while the lodge* of Mexico and
most of the Spat ush nations have adopted the
Scotch The highly moral and liberal Christian tendencies
of the Scotch lodges have drawn recently a
number of our Anglo-Saxon alliens iulo its temples
; such numbers, indeed, that it may lie said u
revival is going on, and that a new era in the history
of the Order in the United Slates hus begun.
The York Masonry emanates from the Jewish dispensation,
while the Scotch, in its lusher degrees at
N asi, has Uh foundation in the doctrines and history
ot' Christianity. It in, therefore, not surprising that
it should find numerous and ready proselytes among
the American people.
On Friday, the i22d of June last, several gentlemen,
of the highest standing in New Orleans, were
admitted to the thirty-third or highest degree of
Free Masonry, in the hall of Perfect Union Lodge,
in Rampart street. On the interesting occasion, the
Supreme Council, presided over by the Grund Com
mander, James Koulouze, esq., went through the
imposing ceremonies of initiation in the English
language The newly-made members of the council
express themselves highly gratified, and are
quite enthusiastic in their praise of the distinguished
and enlightening degrees through which they were
This installation recalls an anecdote ol die earlier
history of the South American Confederation which
may not lie uninteresting. It will be remembered
that the lodges of Scotch Masons in Mexico at one
time formed themselves into a political club, the
tendency of which was decidedly monarchic, and
went near overturning the Republican form of government.
To counteract their influence Mr. Poinsett,
then Minister of the United States, procured a
charier from Dewitt Clinton, Grand Master of the
Grand Lodge in the United States, and initiated
many distinguished men of Mexico, among whom
were Victoria, the Bravos, Angel Trias and others.
These formed ^ counter-club, which extended its
influence over the whole territory of the Republic,
so that as Encoseue became the. nickname of a monarchist,
Yorkirw was that of a republican. The new
lodges will doubtless prosper, as almostail the Masons
of the southern nations of Europe follow the
Scotch ritual. Ward, formerly representative of
Great Britain in Mexico, gives an interesting account
of the contest of the two orders.
We have received a letter from Paris, Maine,
giving a most cheering account of the prospects of
the Whigs in that State Our correspondent says:
.'The Whie-s of Maine have not. as vet. made
any preparation for the coming contest in September,
and probably will go into the fight with the
resolution to conquer, which is necessary to secure
success. The Locofocos are much divided, as the
recent State convention has manifested, and the
bitterest feelings yet rankle in the breasts of the
friends of the defeated candidate for the office of
Governor?John HodgdoD, of Aroostook.
Some importance attaches to the coming election,
inasmuch as the Legislature next to be chosen
win himkc cnoice oi n umieu ouues oenator 10 sue*
cecd Hon. H. Hamlin, whose term expiree on the
4th of March, 1851. Mr. Hamlin's enemies are
numerous, comprising the Hodgdon wing of the
party. But the defeat of that clique at the late
convention is considered ominous of the success of
Hamlin, whose election may be regarded as certain,
unless the Whigs bestir themselves immediately.
As for any coalition between the Whigs
and 'Free-Soilers,' alias Abolitionists, the Whigs
look with no favor upon it, neither do they contemplate
any thing of the kind. They are resolved
to conquer as W'/iigi, or not at all. lJhU Ccetar atU
null as' is their motto.
"Hon. Elijah L. Hamlin, of Bangor, brother
of Senator Hamlin, will probably be the Whig candidate
for the office of Governor; and if honesty,
ability, and every requisite qualification for that office
would ensure his election, he would inevitably
lie our next Governor.
"Respectfully, yours, ."
The New Orleans papers give an aecount of a defalcation
of a large amount, which was discovered
on the 5th insi. It is on the part of Mr. Jackson
Duplcssis, lulely elected cashier of the Mechanics
and Traders' Bank of that city. The amount is
within a fraction of ?48,000, and occurred whilst
he was acting us first teller of that institution. Mr.
Duplessis had not yet qualified as cashier, not hav- j
ing executed his Isolds. having been elected but a i
few days since.
His bond as first teller, wc understand, is for i
?^0,000, with good and solvent names as his aecuri- |
ties.
The president of the bank made an affidavit yesterday
befote Recorder Baldwin on the subject, and
a warrant for his arrest has been issued.
The event has caused much painful excitement
in the community, as well as great surprise.
. . I
Capital Pi'niahmr.vt?The New Hampshire
Legislature has so changed the law inflicting the
punishment of death, that the prisoner wno is convicted
of a capital offence shall not be exreuted until
a year after he is convicted; and then hia punishment
may I* commuted by the Governor and
Council.
The Hagmttnm Torchlight announces, by authority,
that the Hon. J. Dixon Roman, the Representative
in Congress from that district in Maryland,
declines a re-election, on account of the impaired
state of his health.
_ ? ?
Mrs LousamiaThowkr died on the !29lh March,
at her residence, in the State of Georgia, aged at
least one hundred and thirty-nine years. She had
seven children liefore the Revolution; her youngest
living child is between seventy and eighty; she has
great-grandchildren thirty years ofage, and a number
of greal-great-great-grandchildren living in
Florida
Governor CooLtnot, of Vermont, has appointed
F. F. Merrill, esq., of Montpelier, Secretary of
<!?.?? I/, fin 1 i-.- .1
mi me Tw ancj uvc??iuiroii ujr uir i oniOTll
od James M. McShafier to Sheboygan, Wisconsin
New Orleans paper* stale that politic* at Texaa
are running high. There were four candidate* in
the field for the Governorship. Pillabury win being
strongly opposed for Congress General Sam
Houston was expected shortly to make a speech at
Hunisville. It was supposed that he would take
he same ground as Mr. Benton.
The United States Geologists, Messrs Foster
and Whitney, acconrt|>anied by their assistant, Mr.
Whittlesey, left Mackinac, June 30, for the scene of
i heir lalmrs in the Lake Sujierior region.
The Rev. Horaci. Biishnbll, of Hartford, Connecticut,
has accepted the invitntion of the New
England Society, of New York, to become their
orator on the 29d of December next, the anniversary
of the Landing of the Pilgrims.
Thursday, the Ifitli day of Novemlier, is ap
pointed to be observed ss a day of thanksgiving by
the people of New Hampshire.
\
, , v
KUYPT. y
Letters from Alexandria of the lutit of Ay slttle
! that difficulties had occurred between the V.eroy
j and the Consuls of France and England. \rtuiBey
had been sent for, to Teturn U> Cairo aiiilggU.
late the affair. The Consuls complain of tha<).
inimatration of justice and the continual insul u>
which they are subjected. There is, also, anoier
cause of complaint in the fact that the officers of ve
customs interfere with the baggage of travellers i,
the way to India, in direct contradiction of th
j words of the treaty, lhe Viceroy relused to set
the Consuls, who wished to make a (lersoiisl remonstrance,
on the plea of sickness. It is uIho
stated that the Consuls of* England and France at
Gedda had been insulted. They were summarily
advised to leave Gedda, which is one of the Holy
States, under threats of disagreeable treatment.
Geddu, in the days of Me he met All and Ibrahim
Pacha, belonged to Turkey, the population of which
entertained more tolerant feelings towards Christians
than the Egyptians do. There was much dissatisfaction
in the army, probably in consequence
of 'he adoption of a uniform like the Turkish,
which is nearly European, instead of the old Mithumeian
garb.
The library of the Duke of Buckingham, recent- *
ly sold in England, was one of the most rtchtrclu
private collections in the kingdom. Among other
incisures ot antiquarian interest were uie following,
many of which strike us us too valuable to have
been allowed to be purchased by an individual collector
; they should have been procured for the
British Museum, or for one of the great universities
:
A collection of original Anglo-Saxon charters,
trom the 7th to the 11th century, on parchment, tn
a large folio volume. The first charter ia that of |
Wilfred, King of Kent, A. D. 697, by which he j
grants certain lands to the nuns of Liming, in
Kent. The subscriptions are in the same hand us
the text. The first subscriber is the King, who
says that, being illiterate, he only makes the sign of
the cross, and that he has asked proper witnesses
to subscribe it.
The Annals of the Poui Masters, comprising the
ancient history of Ireland, from the earliest period
to the 12th century, in the original autograph of
Michael O'Cleary, one of the four masters; 4to.
This volume begins, like most chronicles of the
middle ages, with the Deluge, which it dates with
the Septuagint, A. M. 2242,and ends with the Anglo-Norman
invasion of Ireland, A. D. 1171.
A omul! vrJuiviA / nitiHimno- 1 Qfi nonma Af
-- - , ? b - 'wiuui,
each about an inch square, on which are written in
English the seven penitential psalms. It is bound
in gold, enamelled in black, and furnished with two
small gold rings, by which it might have been suspended
round the waist of its possessor. This book
was given by Henry VIII. to Anne Boleyn, and
by her presented at her execution to her maid of
honor, Mrs. Wyatt.
An original authority from Queen Mary to the
Lord High Treasurer and the officers of the mint
to take, throughout England, artificers, metuls, and
other materials for making money, with authority
I to imprison such as should resist the order, with
j the sign-manual of Marye the Queene. One of
! her majesty's titles in this curious document is
j " Defender of the Faylhe, and in earthe of the
Churche of England, and alsoe of Irelande the supreame
hedd."
An original letter from Lady Arabella Stewart to
Charles Gosling, dated March 38, 1609. The
postscript is as follows: " Remember the old buck
of Sherland, and the roasted tench I and other
good company eat no savorly at your house; and
if thou be still a good fellow and an honest man
show it now, or be hanged."
Oliver Cromwell. A warrant under the signmanual
of the Protector, dated January 1, 1664, and
; directing payment of salaries due to certain officers
1 of the Parliament and others, with autographs of
the receive ?the most remarkable among which
are those of Thurloe, the Secretary to Cromwell.
The Forgeries of William Henry Ireland, with
, his Original Confessions?sixteen tracts, containing
the MS. notes, which Ireland endeavored to impose
upon the world as the handwriting of 9hakapearc,
Lord Southampton, Ac.
NTEAK MARINE OF PRANCE.
A recent official publication establishes the following
to l>e the stenm list of the French navy availab'c
now:
One ship of 630 horse power, the Mogador; two
of 540, the Descartes und Vaubon; Seven of 450.
the Asmodfe, Labrador, Magellan, Cacique, El
Dorado, Albatros, and Orvnoque; one of 3*J0, the
Proxy; twelve of *260, Catou, Espadon, Caineleon,
Plutou, ArchimNle, Phoque, Elan, Caiman. Titan,
l.nxHini, utioptas. and Lai Muette; three of'.AX), the
Heron, Dauphin, and Phenix; three of 180, thr
Eclaireur. Petres, and Epervier: thirteen of 160, the
Chimfcre, Acheron, Cerbfcre, Phare, Meteore, Oocyte,
Tonnerre, Euphrate, Tenare, Aualralie, Nerval,
Brandon, and Solon; ten of 130, the Biche,
Ariel, Aneone, 8entinclle, Caator, Braaier, Flambeau,
Vedette. Pelican, and Salandre; two of 60,
the Galibi and Vnyageur; one of 70. the Bubia;
two of sixty, the Antelope and Liarnnne; three of
30, the Bnailie, Servient, and Penguin; and one of
30, the (iuct'n'dar. The total la 61 vcnnele. The
sum of the motivea, 13,300 horse power.
France haa, besides, completely armed, eighty
hips of the line, of from 86 to 130 guns each; eight
frigates, of from 40 to 60 guns; seventeen corvettes,
varying from 14 to 30 guns; twenty-one brig*, with
from ten to twenty guns; and twenty-eeven schooners,
cutters, dbc. She has also ten large troopships,
of MM) or 800 tons. All of whic h steam and sail
arc said to be in a high state of efficiency.
The Cronxen of New York contains a paragraph
stating that Seffor Martinez de la Rosa had issued
orders to all Spanish subjects in Rome to withdraw
from the city, as the exfiedition under Cordoba was
alioul to advance to attack.
The same paper says that the Austrian eenerals
are much exnaperated againal Pw .Vono, looking
on him dm the originator of all their trouble*. At
Bologna, though nominally toiling for the reatoration
of hia authority, they had decapitated every
atatue and mutilated every monument erected in
honor of him.
The Conde de Montemolin and hia brother* are
about, at the head of ten thouaand Carl tat a, to array
themaelvea, tinder tha order* of the Czar, against the
idea* of progrea* in Europe. The Orontra wiahe*
the party a pleaaant journey from Spain.
The Earning Pot ha* a correspondent who,
writing from the deck of the steamer Panama, en
route for San Frnneiaco, saw the Inland of Typee.
The wonderful eauty of this spot, according to hi*
account, i? destined to have little permanence. It
ha* already '?e?ome a nteamboat depot, and a place
of call for vessel* to take in wood and water. Taliogo
i* about nine mile* from Panama, and i* inhabited
by a race of people of primitive character,
kind and gentle in their temper, and of great |>eraonal
heauty. They are hoapitahle to the eitent
of iheir mean* The race i* dencended from whites,
black*, and Indian*, hut live according to the custom*
of the latter