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tj sfeg' \. BDITBD BT lllvNd rtshar * Uvia Da Laaa. TERMS. DAILY, . ... |10 a 8 E.Yli. WEEKLY, (Triweekly during saasiun) 5 011 WERELY, i Ml fjh Subscription* payable in advance. Any ptr on procuring five ?ub#criber? ?hall receive one cop* gratia. All letter* to the Editor* to be POUT-PUD. PRINTED BT O. A. SAGE. Office, Pennsylvania Avenue, between Third mid Four-and-a-half streets. Correspondence of the .V. Y. Commercial Advertiser. W A * I AH . AH . J-IUNDOK, April ~ao, IOOI. Parliament not having been sitting, and our foreign news continuing wholly without interest, the arrangements for the opening of the Exhibition, on Thursday next, have constituted the sole topic bf attention during the week. The only fact from abro-.d of the slightest importance has been the sudden and apparently complete failure of the military insurrection in Portugal, attempted by General Saldanhu. How he could have plunged into such a mistake is incomprehensible to aJI persons conversant with the recent history of that etfete country, for his position in the tftate and his popularity with the army were such as should have enabled him to calculate his prospects most accurately. Personal animosity against the minister, Count de Thorn r, resulting from offended vanity and ambition, appears to have been the cause, and as the general is just as much an aristocrat as the count, and would merely have used the liberal party for bis own convenience, ho has fulled to secure popular trust, and has found the soldiery too cautious to keep their promises with him in tho absence of any public enthusiasm. According to some accounts he has fled into Spain. Others deny that his cause has become desperate, and assert that he will still maintain himself. Under no circumstances could the affair create much general interest, and the only suggestion that renders it worth even a passing notice, is that great events usually begin in the most obscure and unexpected quarters, and that a successful revolution just now, of any kind, in any eountry, might act as the first thread drawn from the compact web of continental reaction. In France, no less than in this country, the arrival of May is anticipated as a momentous epoch, although from very different causes. As the time for tli^reviaion of the constitution ap proachea, the efforts to accomplish a fusion of the respective partizans of the royal houses, become more and more desperate, and appeals representing that by such a course alone can the country be saved from "anarchy" and the Democrats, resound on all aides. Thus far, however, nothing appears to have been definitively accomplished. Still there is a sufficient agreement on the part of the re-actionista of every shade, to cause an increased use of restrictive means to suppress til manifestations of popular opinion; and, by a vote of 403 to 226, the Assembly, which met yesterday for the first time after the Blaster holidays, passed a measure to prohibit the sale and distribution in the streets of public journals of any kind. Prosecutions, taunts, and military demonstrations, are likowixecontinued with unabated activity. In short, although perhaps no outbreak is now contemplated, every step taken by the government and the dominant party, recalls the blind and silly manifestations of repressive power which are peculiar to French statesmen, and by which, on all former occasions, convulsions have been preceded. The progress of Sardinia continues to be most satisfmtory, and a treaty of commerce and navigation, which has just been ratified between her and England, will tend to augment the growth of this prosperity.?To Austria, Naples and the Pope, her condition is the subject of intense mortification, and tbe feeling is increased by the daily acciraialating financial embarrasroents of the government of Vienna. The notes of the national bank of Austria are now nearly at forty per cent discount. It is believed that the old German Diet will roeet_at Frankfort on the 15th of May, and that the Uresoen conierences are to he regarded as having perished by default According to the positive assurance given bv the Turkish government, it is understood thst Kossuth and his companions are to be freed from their detention at kutayia at the end of the present month, and it is of course presumed they will immediately avail themselves of the vessel of war granted by the United States government In home politics we have just now by common consent an absence froin all excitement? except that the protectionists have been taking advantage of the parliamentary recess to get up * meetings in the provinces. Regarding these, it is only necessary to repeat that the statements made on such occasions, should be received by people in your country with about the same degree of reliance, as we in Englaed ought to beslow upon tho'outpourings of certain parties in America, when they announce that a dissolution of the Union is arranged, and mav be expected in a month or two. Notwithstanding all the assertions to the contrary, your readers may rest assured that it would be just as easy to re-establish in England the rotton boroughs that existed before the reform bill, as to get back a single sixpence of protection on wheat or on any other article. If it were possible, indeed, that the question could be more effectually settled than it is, these very meetings would accomplish that end, owing to the daring recklessness of the assertions made by ths speakers who attend them. At a demonstration the day before yesterday, at Edin burgh, this wm cnrriefl so tar as to be absolately humiliating to the character* of the public men engaged in it Mr. Aliaon, the well-known historian of the Peninsular war, distinguished himself in particular. He pointed to the board of trade returns to show that under free trade our exports were declining, since for the last month heir declared value was ?60,000 leas than for the corresponding month of ]85), totally auppreaning the fact that the entire year of 1850 showed an increase over 1849 of nearly ?7,000,000, and that the returns of tho first months of thin year, as far as they have been published, show an increase over the corresponding months of last year of ?690,000 after allowing for the diminution during one month of the petty ?60,000 in question. When it is added that the staple of all the speeches on these occasions, is made up of similar perversions, the that ahnnl/1 ka *?rria?/i k* fnn.iirnara in the reception of them will be fully understood. The disappointment that was threatened, in connexion with the arrangements for the aute opening of the Exhibition,-has been entirely set aaide. An announcement, has beani satfed that instead of being a private affair, as was at first intended, the ceremony will be open to the holdera cf season tickets, and it will consequently take place in the presence of from 15,000 to 90,000 people. No doubt waa felt from the first that the wish of the Qneen would be for a popular plan of this sort, and that the exclusive system originally concocted waa the small work of self-sufficient and timid officials. According to the published programme, the qneen, the royal family, and their foreign gnests, will arrive at 19 oVock. "God save the Queen" will be sung by a choir, nnd Prince Albert and the royal commissioners will then read to Her Majesty a short report of their proceedings. The diplomatic corps will also presont congratulations. ^ In commercial matters there is nothing new. IThe buillion in the bank has continued to diminish but it has not been thought necessary to raise the rate of discount, and an expectation prevails that the tide will soon turn. Our funds, however, have been heavy and consols, which at the last date were 97 f, has been done to-day 1 at 96|, a gradual decline in the price of French Rentes at Paris, and a distrust of the enforced \ ~~THE 1 '? "f 1 1 ' 1 - ' 1 ' ' ' ' vol i ] stillness fhich prevails all over the continent having exorcised on unfavorable influence. 0 Spectator. * fc france. e. It is reported that the French government t)ai- ^ add reused a note to the cabinet of London, re ? quiring the expulsion of Ledru-Rollin and other ei French refugees, whose present facilities ol , communication with Paris and the department* "Cl are found aceedinglv embarrassing to the French governmeit, and calculated to add dangerous tl coinplicatbns to the present crisis. y Spain. ? The imprrection in Fortugil cuused the live- t| liest sensution at Mudrid. The government lost 1 no time if assuring the Queen of Portugal of support. A Spanish army is concentrating on s the frontitrs, and a couple of ships of war are 0 being fitted out for the Tagus. '* Tke Moderate party in Spain seem divided * It is <aid that M. M. Mon and Pidal have rallied a to the government, leading Sarlorius as the sole avowed opposition. a TURKEY. A letter dated Vienna, April 15, states that [j several embarrassing qaestions tronble the Porte v just now. Supported by the public opinion of p France and England, the Sultan wishes to set o the Hungarian rnfiHrapa at. lihnrt.v in Aain Minnr a while the Austrian government sees in this an 11 act of hostility. Prince Schwartzenberg inti- j mates that if this measure should be put in exe- , cution, the vacant post of the Austrian ambas- [ sador at the Porte will r.ot be tilled up?where- t upon the Divan has instructed its ambassador at q the court of Vienna, if circumstances should re* 1 quire, it, to demand his passports. c The Cuban Inv sign.?The warlike prepara- ? tiens at Jacksonville, Florida, for the Cuban in- d vasion, of which we had descriptions in letters ? to the Newark Advertiser, have proved abortive, ? as we learn by a letter from that correspondent, f dated the 3d insl. He then mentions the visit t of the steamer Welaka, and Bays: g " It is thought by some that there may yet be " a descent on Cuba, if there has been no interference with the plans on the gulf side. The u emigrants" will bide their time, but there is no probability of this scheme being permanently ubandoned." The Savannah News, of Monday last, says: "On Saturday a considerable number of men, supposed to be conn?cted with the Cuban expe- ' dition, arrived in this city from the South. This circumstance, 'together with other indications, has led to the belief here that the expedition, so far as the organization ? on our coast is concerned, has been abandoned, at least for the present The watchfulness and active interference of our own government, together with the system of espionage that has been instituted by the Spanish authorities, it would seem, has frustrated the plana of the expeditionists, and prevented a concentration and organization of their forces, leaving them no alternative but to die band. u We learn from Florida, that the men who t were at Jacksonville are dispersing, and that but j few are in that neighborhood at present. Where j the men are who came down from the interior t of this State to join the expedition, is not known; r but it is supposed that they have returned to ? their homes." ' Fkom Texas.?We have Galveston dates to the 28th ult., and Brownsville dates to the 24th. ? A startling report had reached Brownsville ( that at Roma, on the Rio Grande, some persons E being displeased with certain revenue restric- a tions in regard to carrying hides to the Mexican c side, mounted a swivel gun on the Texan bank t of the river, and fired it at the Mexican guard j. opposite, wounding several. Orders were dis- v patched to Camargo by the Mexicans for a re- ? inforcement of 150 men. t The San Augusti-ie Herald says that General u Houston and General Rusk had arrived in that f town, and that the former spoke of not return- j ing to Die Senate. j The Brazos river is still overflowing. The ^ Trinity and Colorado also, with injury to the e crops. r In I'renhatn, Washington county, on the night [ of the 19th insk, a Mr. Neal Bowen was shot t down by some unknown hand, and died next *] morning. a From Oregon.?Advices from Oregon to the ? 2fith ult., have been received. T. Latter has ^ been nominated for mayor of Portland. At a a moetingin Ijsfayette, Gen. Lane was nominated ,i for Congress. Several vessels were loading |~ lumber at Portland for the San Francisco market The steamboat Williainette, from New J. Vork, had arrived at Astoria by means of her anils. A great deal of rain has fallen In Oregon (| daring the month. Winter is now considered to have passed. The land is beinj prepared for ^ planting. The gold fever is again raging in the ^ territory, and larye numbers are leaving to go ^ to the Klamath digging*. A newspaper is soon j, to be started at Salem, Marion e<Araty. Mr. n Ferguson, connected 40 years with the con- e tracts at Washington, was eatablishing-the mail () r0Bte?- ; n A Female Sermonizes.?A colored woman '* of Baltimore, preached in Clearapring, Md., on ^ last Saturday evening, and three times on Sab- fi bath. The Sentinel thinks she is designed to " do mach good, and adda: Fhe exhorted her colored friends to be obedient and good servants to their masters, or their servitude was decreed by Heaven; and if obedient both to their Heavenly Father and their ^ earthly masters, they would hereafter be free n indeed. She states that she was called by God, jin an audible voice, (three times,) at 121 o'clock on the first day of May, 1846; since which time " she has been about her master's work. Although e she was entirely unlettered when called, she lias * mode rapid strides in knowledge since, and her p discourses would reflect credit upon many a col- ? I -I.a. J...... ,v**?" a--""?*. A letter from Mr. Forbes, R. N, confirms the V Accounts given of slavery In Liberia, lie says: C "That the citizens of Liberia are guilty of boy- n ing and holding slaves. I had occnlar demon- o si ration, and I know personally two Llherian citizens, who owned several slaves, In the general use of the term, though not in a legal sense. ? These pawnt, as they are called, are as much " slaves as their sable prototypes in the parent '< States of America." f( o tl Samuel Maverick, now living at Pendleton, c S. C., assisted in peeking the first bale of cotton u ever sent from this country to Liverpool. It was shipped in the seed, and the consignees wrote word that it wan useless, could not be ti sold, and that no more should be sent. c ii A'otht* Coal Mtaa on rnv. PAcrrie Coast, tl -yA fiaper published at Benicia, California, gives > an account of the discovery of a rich vein of coal I about eight miles from that citv, on the road r leading to Huisscn, which had been ei|lored F with the most satisfactory results, and a shaft E sunk and several wagon loads of coal thrown oat a ! SOU S J 1 ' . I ? ??," ?- - WASHINi Aztec Dwarf Children'.?The two Indie iwarfs from Central America that have attrach i much attention in Boston, are to be exhibit) >r a few daya at Bleecker hall. They are mo xtraordinary remains of that almost extinct ra< tat once inhabited Central America, of who tevens and Catherw'ood have given such inte iting accounts. Dr. Warren ftarniahed an account of thei liildren for the "Journal of the Medical Scie ts," from which we gather some particulars. The children are evidently brother and siste le former about eight and the latter about si ears old. The boy is 33 inches in height ai reighs 21 pounds. The girl is 29 inches eight and weighs 17 pounds. They are dark tan a mulatto, with jet black, but soft wavy hai 'hey have lustrous eyes and prominent noses. These children, though of our own specie (and low down in the scale of humanitv, phyi ally ami intellectually. They are without ar inguage,though they articulate some words at omprehend many things said to them. Professor Kmeeland, in an article on "Idiocy, peaks thus o' the Aztecs:? These children are now known to be dwa pecimens of a Central American race of Indian uch as may occur in any race; though no dwat n record have equalled these in the smallness < heir crania. The brain seems merely too smu rithout any great disproportion in any of i arts; though, as usual, there is a relative infei rity of the anterior lobes, which may partly I ccounted for by external circumstances wi hem favoring: the developement and exercise he nr.imal functions more than the intellectue t is almost & harmonious want of developme if the expression be allowable,) which givi hem more the appearance of mei> in miniatu han of idiots, though from the dwarfed conditic if their brains they are necessarily partials idiot The prominence of their features, tnuugh consi rable, is exaggerated by their retreating for leads; their bodies and extremities are welf forr d; they have good command over their muscle ind are quite agile, being continually in motio littering in this respect from the majority of it its. They certainly articulate words, and mal l variety of animal-like noises, expressive ofth< vants, of anger, of joy, of surprise, and of oth eelings, which imply considerable intelligenc They understand speech in others to a certain e ent, as they obey like a little child; so that, as r ;ards speech, as much seems to depend on an a lormal condition of the vocal organs, or tl lerves supplying them, as on any intellectual d ect. The senses are acute, especially sight at tearing; they are very attentive and curious, e ;erly examining every object. They in part fe hemselves, and can chew solid food; they are d ent in their habits, affectionate towards ea< ither and to strangers; and they manifest desir nd a degree of knowledge which place the ligh in the class of idiots, ifnot quite above ther Phe fact that the boy drivels, so characteristic docy as to have become a byword, loses some ts significance when it is known that he is und< joing the process of hit second dentition. Thou| hey are awarfs and idiots, yet they cannot ilaced in the lowest classes; they exhibit tuch e< lent Bigm of intelligence, and are wanting in nany of the usual symptoms of idocy, that > lave little doubt that a judicious system of educ ion would enable them to take a much high ank among human beings than they now occup The children are in good health, active ai ilayful. Their appearance and gait reaembl hat of the monkey tribe. But after all, "the h nan face divine" reveals their true origin. Mr. Knox, who has the care of these childre reals them with great attention and kindness, ai s endeavoring, as far as possible, to develops ai mprove their faculties. Visitors will find n hing repulsive or unpleasant in the appearance nanners of these children. On the contrary, aft i surprise, they become agreeable and interei "g Villainy.?The Cairo Sun says that, a fe lays since, two men in a wagon, when within ouple of miles of Jonesboro', Union counl llinois, asked a farmer who was the heavie nerchant in that town. The farmer mention* ome merchants, and among the number spol if a Mr. Dishon. They drove their wagon i o Dishon's store, and requeated him to pern hem to place a box, (which they had in th? ragon) in his store for the night After urgii ome objection, Mr. D. finally consented to tal he box in his* store room. The men then p ip their horses for the night and early on tl ollowing morning had their wagon atD.'s sto loor to get their box and start on their journe 1r. D. then missed a bolt of fine broadcloth fro lis counter. Iiis suspicion being roused, I xaniined his desk, and discovered that five hun ed dollars had been stolen during the nigl le then told the men that the box must not I >tken from the store until it wan examine rhey swore that they would take their box, ai s they rushed to take hold of it Mr. D. slepp at of the door, and locked them in. Havir btained assistance, the door was opened an he men taken. The lid was knocked off, win stout, daring looking man sprang forth. ?r he missing cloth, money, some silks, and a dai intern, were found in the bottom. The fello retended to turn "State's evidence," and d tared he had long eought an opportunity 1 save the other men; that to have left them vu ntarily would have brought their deadly vei eance upon him ; that he had never been d< ected before ; that he remained with them onl ecause he was compelled to do so to presen is life; that there were now six hundred m? . a I fT.'i.J Ui.i I- at. - - 1... i win uniiwi outww eimppu in mic name uui cm ; and that the laat time he wna at the gei ral money depoait station the company hi ver fif'etn bushrls of uilttr and gold. He woul ot be pot in the aame room with the two ai omplicee, fearing they would kill him. Tt wo men awore to the officers that it was full o put them in jail, for they had money an riends; it would take at least one hundred we rmed men to guard them, and notified thei 1st they could not possibly be detained thre reeks.?Arte Albany ledger. A correspondet of the Argus, writing froi laplea says: "The prisons are crowded wif naccused, untried, and educated citizens. Froi December 25th to January 1, it is said si ondred were taken from their beds under tli over of the night, and the gtinrd of an army < laves, and immured, without accusation, trii nblicity, crime or threat, in the prisons of the1 i?gn. At a government sale of arms, &c., at th Vashin.ton arsenal, Rev. MeCle in. of tli o at.ri sminl i.f I Ka ] .ili/trid ppublic, purchased 125 rnnskets and ii numtx f swoids Tor the Liberian government. Losses by Crevasses.?It appears froi pliable statistics quoted on the subject by tli laton Rouge Gazette, that the quantity of sngf >st in the course of only two years by the e acta of crovnaae*, amounts to the enormous aui f twenty-two thousand hogsheads, valued, i he lowest calculation, at $1,350,000. Tli lazette urges on the legislature ofl-ouisiar he necessity of organizing a levee system. The Mrthodist Church Suit.?This mur illced of case, a result of the separation of tl: hnrch, has finally been ae*. down for a hearin i the United States court in New York city, e he 13th inst. Counsel for complainants, tl fethodiat Episcopal church Sonth, are Dani< /ord, of New York, Reverdy Johnson, of Mi viand, and Daniel Webster, of Massachusett 'or the defence, the Methodist Episcopal chore ). L Fancher and George Wood, of New Yor nd Rufus Cnoste, of Massachusetts. THERr EMI-ff if E K L STON CITY, SATURDAY,' MAY V 3 THE SOUTHERN TRESS. st ? ? ** tjv( ce The telegraphic intclligen!flpatfrcd last night |,av from Charleston, is of the mQ^BBisive character. con South Carolina has determine!*) secede. This 0f j e brings to practical decision tMtf most important or questions that can arise undor pur government gta r, The pending disputes of parties sink into inaig- ()ro '* nificance. It is now for Congress to decide /,07 in whether it will yet do justice, or whether it will for, er resort to force to compel a Shite to submit to y >r* oppression. On the decision of these questions ^ J 1- *L. _i a j..i: _ * 9 uepeiuui iiwuiy uie cnumcier una uebiiny 01 our an(j "* institutions. They will either retain a federative Wt $ character, or sink into a despotism as absolute the (| as thatpt Russia, with the single difference that *] 1 with ns we have a multitude of despots,in mon- Cur rf archies?but one. the ISF" We regret to see the attacks made on ^ Mr. Cobwin, Secretary of the Treasury, in the ^ ts New York Herald. None lament more deeply ^ ^ than we, the opinions that Mr. Cobwin has th adopted on certain important questions. But ^ from some years of personal acquaintance and avo many of general knowledge, we have no heSita- . es tion is saying that his personal integrity will abide g* re unshuken "the test of human scrutiny, of talents, ,n . ? . wei s. and of time. ^ d" Whenever any definite accusations are made, ^ n. we are assured without any intimation for Mr. ?, Cobwin, that they will be triumphantly repelled. caj] "? m li- tho Ice The American Medical Association assem- , !'r bled at Charleston on Tuesday, simultaneously j " with the Southern Rights Convention, but ^ x- would not organize till next day. One of the ^ ?" main objects is the elevation of the standard of ^ he the medical profession. Among the delegates ?- present, we note the following: run >a. John A. Cleveland and B. A. Dodrigues, from ed the Baltimore (Md.) College of Dental Surgery; n'? le- P. Clarborn Gooch, Wellford, Martin P. :h Scott, Medical Society of Virginia; J. Wistar es Walker, of the Alumni of the Medical Depart. ?] m ment of Hampden Sydney College, Virginia; ., " C. Boyle, of the Medical Society of the District e f of Columbia; D. H. Tucker and C. P. Johnson, reg ? Richmond, Virginia; G. W. Miltenberger, Balti- the more.Md.; F. W. Powell, Middleburg, Va.; J. be C. Lumkin and Hugh McGuire, of Virginia; H. .. ri- C. Worsham, Dinwiddie, Va. obJ no mis ve Thf. Pittsburg Cathedral, burnt down on . A~ Tuesday, and which cost $35,009, contained a y splendid organ, valued at $6,000, which was also u,e ad consumed. There was but $5,000 insurance on me the building. The fire is believed to have com- 8jn municated from a spark from one of the chim. ( nj neys of the bishop's house. The Cathedral was -yy 1(j commenced about twenty-five years ago. mu ?" Rhode Island.?The legislature of Rhode traJ or ? ] fr Island met on Tuesday last, and elected Alfred ga| ?t- Bosworth, (Whig.) speaker of the house, by the two majority. The votes for State officers were Sh !W counted by the two houses, and Philip Allen a and W. B. Lawrence were declared elected, to y? the respective offices of governor and lieut gov. per ernor, as also all the rest of the State officers on *'!f Ite the Democratic ticket. B.P Statistics of the Seventh Ckhsl's. 1850.? she J! The following are the number of farms in the f011 'r several States, as reported by the assistant bet jj^ marshals who were engaged in taking the laat bul ' census : l NewYoik, 174^234 Maryland, 31,950 . e Pennsylvania, 137,733 New Jersey, 24,504 Spi re Ohio, 146,921 Delaware, 64225 P'? 'J'" mdiana, 101,973 Michigar, 34,699 ?' Virginia, 76,794 Wisconsin, 22,062 ed T Illint is, 71,062 Iowa, 15,500 leff a" Kentucky, 77,200 . . mi' ? gui Deaths in Tiireb Cities.?The deaths, in aflt ' Philadelphia, New York and Boston for the 1 j week ending May 3, were as follows: to I 2d PkU'm. Mir York Botion. He I Consumption, 19 52 15 and Convulsions, 7 14 4 n 'n Scarlet fever, 11 10 ? tak Typhus fever, 0 37 4 1(|) rk Inflammation of lungs, 9 27 3 ' i w Smallpox, 4 11 2 J ^ Other diseases, 107 195 48 MV ? * ToUl, 155 346 76 K ^ _ ????? froi i Ijfk-Saviso Apparatus for the Coast.? rp The life-saving apparatua, ordered by the U. 8. and n government, consisting of Francis' metallic life ii- una suri no?i?, inou, moriars, rocaeu, nawsers, ^ "V" &c., designed Tor the reeeae of life and pro- uj< J'J. perty, in cases of shipwrecks on exposed parts j of the coast, has just been completed in New B' York; over 890 metallic boats have been con- * ' |p structed. From Cape May to Egg Harbor six y surf boats are stationed, and from Egg Harbor - '[] to Sandy Hook, ten. jJJ* 11 Asn-QutT Renters.?A large meeting of the citizens of Winchester, Vs., opposed to the war claim of quit-rent now made upon property. / tn holders, after a lapse cf qiore than fifty years, aa f ,h assembled in that place on Saturday last Res- u m olutiona indicating decided resistance to the col- to t x lection oftheclainf, were unanimously adopted, mer hori ,e Cholera hi Louisiana.?The N. O. Courier, twe ^ of the 29th ttltimo, says that the cholera has of ( broken but on the plantation of Mr. Pascal Rose, *7 ir three miles below Thibodauville. Fifteen slaves had died. It is attributed to the extrava- afte ,e gant use of fish. Several fatal coses have oc- thei Ie curred in Altakapas; also a death in New Orn . the ir lwn" and The Milliowairs or New York.-"?The re- disc m ceiver of taxes in New York has prepared a list ie of persons, co-partnerships and corporations, ,r who were taxed on 917,400 and upwards, in was ^ that city, in the year 1860. 1 lt According to this pamphlet, there are bat two it* millionaires in the city, William B. Astor, who t?r<j Ia owns $3,600,300, and whoso taxes amoant to msi $29/>79, 26, and I'eter Lorriiard, whose pro- w'" ,h p?rty is set down at $1,169,900. Boston boasts if of eight or ten millionaires, some of whom arc nt s '? worth six millions and more. go i m - - sati ie Otstk* TkADX.?Henry A. Wise, in a late to i el speech in the Virginia convention, stated that will a* one firm in Baltimore had, in ten years, amassed offi< *. a fort one of $260,000 by simply transporting wh? h, oysters to the Western States, ai.d that they any k, had paid the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in one oeei year $36,000 for carrying oysters alone.' told y PR] Y. 0, 1851. Satisfied. Hie lost experiment in the recapture of fug ) slaves, that of Sims, at Beaton, seems t e satisfied the claimants of such propert apletely. We have not heard of any effoi the kind since, although there must be fiftee twenty thousand fugitives in the Norther ites. The right of paying $5,000 to recovi perty worth $500, is a magnificent acquis i?particularly since it cost the gold of Cal nia to pay for it. JVe were told that it was necessary only t t the law in Boston, to secure its triumpl t the ready recovery of fugitives in futur dl, it has been tested?and how much hi value of fugitive property advanced? Piie expedients of testing the law baup bee ions. ?They have been mrit Hv ft~?nds < Compromise in the South, to strength* ir cause. Dr. Coxlihs is a worm friend < peace measures; he undertook to illustra ir virtue, and sent on for Crafts and h e. The result was an expensive, dangerou atious, and ignominious failure; yet D llins came ont afterwards with a superlatn iwal of Unionism. He would have his chi! >tized with water from the chief rivers of tt ited States. But for the sake of some of tl aker brethren, whose faith would not, lil t of Dr. Coluhs, move mountains, it w, ught necessary to prove the majesty and t ency of the law over again. So Mr. Potti ie forward, and has manfully sacrificed a fe usand dollars in the same cause. Ilr. Potter has done the business. Ti is vindicated?the Compromise is sal e North has got the territory, and the fug > slaves both, it is true?but the South h Fugitive-slave law, and can get one of the ' time, by paying five thousand dollars?ai ning off, like the fugitives themselves?1 ht. California. Hie state of society in California seems fro following to be growing worse. This is ti ion from which slavery was excluded, f sake of law, order morality, industry, pr ns and freedom. In contempt of all the gra ections that were made, the immediate a ision of California as a State was insisted c protect her from the horrors of anarchy^ d behold, she is worse off than before, re any pretence of the late Compromi asures, which the events of the brief pern ce have not utterly crushed ? Sases of Lynch Law.?The Sacramen anscripl gives the following account of rder, and. the prompt lynching of the perp Ivr: Mr. B. informs us that he left Weaverville < turday week, crossing the dividing ridge i wesfern slope. When Mr. B. arrived asta City or Redding's Springs, he the rned the particulars of a most horrid murd t had been committed the night before, abo i miles from that place. It appears that tv sons who were in the same mess, had son rht dispute when one of them seized a go 1 shot the other, the ball taking effect in tl t breast, from which he died instantly. Wh< it, the victim made a leap, the blood gushi th and he fell dead. As soon as the deed hi in committed, the murderer started to ru t he was pursued and captured without mu< ieoltj. rhe assemblage took him at once to tl rings, ten mi I en distant A court of the pe< was formed on Sunday?a Judge appointf witnesses examined?and the murderer shov all the clemency he could have obtained in al tribunal. The jury were cut bat a fe lutes, when they returned with a verdict < lty, and he wan rente need to be hung thi >rnoon at 4 o'clock. rhe fellow acknowledged his guilt and seemf lave no regret at the termination of thing aat down to dinner, eat a very hearty mea I even called for and partook of desert rhe hour of execution having arrived, he wi en to the place designated, where a raias tform had been conatructed. The rope wi red around hia neck, and he waa calif to addreaa the cro wd if he had anything 1 rhe murderer aimptv responded by aaying thi ras the result of drinking, and warned othei in partaking too freely; that the oniy regn i that he did not have time to writ to hia wif it'Uk nrMnn loan h<> raitpH fh tform foil, hit neck broke, and he was ushers ? eternity. Aa he did not wait for the pla n to be knocked from under him, he may b I to have been hia own executioner. iTffCHTlto.?It in atated that a fellow who hi 400 depoaited with an auctioneer in this eit; i recently taken up at a rancho ontheMoku ne for stealing stock. Judge Lynch pri d. and the jury were equally divided?ai whipping and aix for hanging him. Finalb f agreed to whip him. and lie was informe t if they ever fonnd him in the State aftei d, they would hang him^? i correspondent of the Placer Times write ollowa from the town of Eliza: The next day after my arrival here, I wen he Rnte mountains, when we whipped tw i fifty lashes each with a five-tail cat, fio ite-etealing. After the whipping, they ha< nty-fonr hours to leave the country in. On them left, the other went to hia hut and hai le unnecessary talk : next night we went t hut to hang him, but he had the wisdom t -e before we got there. In two or three day r that, I witnessed another interesting scone r caught one of the accomplices of the last itioned hombre. and took him to the bank o river to hang him. He made three leapt jumped into the stream?2ft pistols wer barged without effect, and the prisoner wa ut to escape, when the owner of the onl i on the ground observed verr coolly, that i comp?nv wished, he coald kill the man; h i ordered to fire; the ball entered the baci the man'a head, and he sunk dead, Thre a ago, while I wna in the moantaina, the ig two Cfiineae for killing white people. Yer lav another man waa hang for marder, and y flogged for atealing money. Carious time vet be aeen in this country; a thief hae til chance. 1 have aeen a paper with 60 tea on it, and any one, and all of those mer > moment's warning, mount their horses am where the complainant states, and if they an sfiod that the accused is guilty, they are rue tang him to the first tree, t think peopli I get honest 1 ere In due time. Judge Lynch' ;ers arc to be fonnd in almost every tent, am in some d d thief advocates the canse o of their men who have been hung, I havi n pistols drawn in a eecond, and the mei I if (bay did not like it that their friende h? ESS, [No. 111. been bung,that they would shoot them d n 3uick; and they will do it, too. There is nos oubt but thHt every man caught, and proven to o be a thief, will be hung immediately." y rt Luxuky ia Healthy, afteu all.?We have n been ao long, says the Home Journal, taught n that wines, late hours, rich food, bed of down ir and no work, were the shortness of humau life, i. that the following statistics rather stagger us. i- A foreign correspondent of the Tribune says: ?Professor Casper, of Berlin, has been draw, o ing up tables of the comparative longevity of h, the various social ranks, and it results from his e. statistics that the average length of life among is the rich and aristocratic is double that of the poor. in . " _ ^ _ W in row vinee veparimcnt. u We understand that the receipts of the Poet >n Office Department, for the quarter ending on the of 30th December, 1850, amounted to $ 1,531,495r Iq 98; showing an increase of $241,837 58, or j8 >abotit 18 7-10 per cent, over the corresponding quarter of the previous year. The quarter ending on the 30th September, r. 1850, also showed an iucreuse of more than 17 re per cent, on the corresponding quarter of the previous year; and it is probable that the increase for the fiscal year, ending on the 30th of ie June next, over the receipts of the preceding te year, will be 17 or 18 per cent te These results are extremely gratifying. The a8 increase is much beyond the estimate made by the Postmaster General in his last annual report and much beyond the usual increase from :r year to year. The increase for the year ending w on the 30th of June, 1850, was 14& per cent, as stated in the last annual report from the department; and the increase for the three pievious le years, as stated in the annual report made by fe. Postmaster General Collamer, in 1849, was as rj. follows: as For the year ending June 30,1847,1127-100 per ct 1848, 7 43-100 " In ? '? 1849,14 20 100 " ^ Of the great increase in the latter year the jy Postmaster General then said it was "extraordinary and much beyond the natural growth of our population and business; and, being double that of the previous year, it cannot be supposed to continue, especially as the causes to m which it was mainly attributable have ceased to tie operate. These were the retaliatory postage or act, of June 27,1848, which was superseded by the postal treaty with Great Britain, in Februa?* ry, 1849, and the greater frequency of corres ve pondence induced by the presidential canvass in d- 1848." But the increase of the succeeding year, in under the administration of Judge Collauer showed as great an increase, and for the current fiscal year a much larger per cent, of increase is I? likely to be exhibited. se The revenues and business of this department l(d have nearly doubled in the last five years; and this increase affords very gratifying evidence of the continued and rapid progress of our country to iu wealth, business, and population. It also a bears the most conclusive testimony to the ens >e- ergy, fidelity,"Trad abttitywlth whlch flie affs|f. of the department have been managed by the r>n present Postmuster General.? Rrpublic. of ?? ? at Outrage at Acapulco.?One of the firemen re of the steamer Tennessee, whilst she was lying er at Acapulco, hud a difficulty on shore with a naut tive, when one of the Boldiers rushed on him, ro and after stabbing him with bayonet, fired a load ae into his body, rendering death almost certain. n, Lieut Totten, commander of the Tennessee, de|)c' mauded an explanation, but could get no further en satisfaction except that the soldier was not authorized to fire. Upon the arrival of the Tenid nessee at Panama, Lieut Totten made a report nt of the case to Capt Hudson of Vincennea, which ;h ship would proceed at once to Acapulco. ie A Rifle for the Wobld's Fair.?Mr. Henry o- Cromwell, of Ohio, exhibited to as yesterday a 'd superb specimen of a rifle, which he is taking to the VV orld's Fair, where it will be presented a to the Emperor Nicholas, of Russia. Itisknown w as Gross's repeating rifle, and was made at the of manufactory of Henry Gross, at Tiflin, Ohio. The workmanship is exquisite; the stock is of black walnut, elegantly polished; and the lock, *d sliding chamber, and barrel, of the finest steel. " Each chamber is provided with three charges, tl, A slight pressure of the finger brings each charge in succession before the trigger, and the is aperture is so guarded as to prevent more than a) one being discharged at a time. The barrel may is be unscrewed, and the wh< 1j rifle packed inva >d light case, capable of being carried in a trunk or a valise. The article does credit to Western manufacture. it pa fVom tkt A*. Y. Ttribunt. ?t The legislature of Connecticut meets to-day e, at Hartford. The Whigs have a majority, i?* though a Htnall one, in both houses, and will be d able to fill the State admin stration with men ( t- of the right stamp, and also to return Roger 8. i >e Baldwin to the (j. S. Senate. The Locofoco organs are opposing Mr. Baldwin on the ground ia that te is not in favor of the present unconsti. > totional law for slave catching, and that the j. Union will be endangered by his election; of &. course the choice of a senator of their own ix stripe would not cause any such peril. It re- i Y, mains to be seen whether Whips will be induced d to vote against a tried and reliable Whig, and r. in favor of free trade and the eternity of the ' Fugitive slave law, in order to oblige their op- * ,g ^>onenta. For our part, we don't believe they will. The salvation of the Union is a mighty poor hobby, even for delnded politicians in pur,t suit of the Presidency ; and we shall be diaapo pointed if Mr. Toucey, or Mr. C. A. Ingersoll, ,r or any other aspirant of that kidney, succeeds j d in riding it into the senate. e m d Church Actios on 8lavert.?The following * 0 resolutions were adopted by the Grand River ( r> Presbytery New School at their late meeting in n Jefferson county, Ohio : : RetoUed, That civil governments are ordained , of God for the proctection of mankind against i f wrongs, violence and crime. i i, Resolved, That the Fugitive slave law lately ' p enacted by Congress, whereby we are foabidden, ( a under penalty of fine and imprisonment, from ' y i feeding the hungry snd clothing our naked J r oreuiren while fleeing from oppression, outrage f e and degradation, is uncliriatian, barbarous, and , k entirely opposed to the spirit of tho gospel and e the promptings of humanity, y R%solved, Thnt while we acknowledge alleu giance to our government and its just laws, we t a never can yield to any enactment which cons travenes that higher law of love which the gospel a enjoins. [) Retailed, That while an christians we may not I. feel justified in resisting the operations of the j fugitive law by violence; yet as christians, as e brethren of those in bonds, we can never aid or a assist in its enforcement. p Retalt-d, That this Presbytery contemplates s with pain the action of those ministers and eeclei siaatical bodies who attempt to apologise for, f and attempt to justify a law which consigns to I the scourge and to fetters a portion of our brelhn ren in the ministry, our brethren In Christ, and j i our brethren of the human race. 1 I The Bowthecn Fim ImI wklj Is published oa Wsdossdpy and Saturday of each "The Southern Piaee, "-Weekly, Is pnbliiM ???ry Meturday. *j sdvbstiuho uttl. for om square of lu lines, three iasartkma, |l " 1 " ereiy subsequent insertion, S4 Liberal deductions mads on yearly advertising. ff- Individuals may forward the asoount of their sabeeripuons at our risk. Address, (post-paid) CLX.WQOD KI8HRK Washington Citv. TELE GB APHI^O^ Charlesten CsiuiUsd. Charleston, May 8. The Convention adjourned tine die, after pass* ing majority resolutions in favor of secession. * second despatch. After a further debate to-day, the address and resolutions reported by the majority of the committee, were unanimously carried. They declare in favor of secession at a future day, 0 whether the other Southern States join in the movement or not, regarding their co-operation not worth the cost of submission. They further declare secession as necessary to the sovereignty of the State, and look to the legislature to S.. assert its power. The convention then resolved itself into a central association for the State, and appointed a central State committee of nine. After prayer, a motion was mode to adjourn time '>?, mia tho *mtvniwn ovwi jingty dissolved. The most intense excitement prevails. PmsBimo, May .9. R. S. Bennett, stage driver, was arrested by Shallcross and Otinger, post office agents, charged r;,t -ebbing the U. S. mail on the Alleghany muu He was committed to jail. The woather continues very pleasant. There is seven feet water in the crfhnnel, and the river failing. Boston, May 9 th. T. B. Smith, the colored man who was assaulted on Wednesday night, was again attacked by tome seven or eight negroes, who were laying in wait for him, and badly beaten. Much excitement prevails on the subject, and several arrests have been made. New Yobk, May 9. The steamer Hermann, from Bremen, and Crescent City, from Chagres, arrived here to-day. The latter brings no gold on freight. ARRIYAL OF THE STEADIER EIROPA. sever dats later from europe. Anticipated Crisis in France?The Markets? Panic in Cotton, <J*c., tjfcNew York, May 8. The steamship Enropa arrived at an early hour this morning from Liverpool, whence she sailed on the 26th of April. Commercial advices are important. The political news from England is without interest. From the Continent there is nothing important beyond an anticipated ministerial crisis in France. In Liverpool and Manchester, Capt West, of the Atlantic, has been feasted at a number of public banquets. The gallant Captain has alao been the guest of Mr. Heywood, the eminent hunker and member of Parliament from Lancashire. the markets.' Liverpool, April 25th.?The Canada, from Boston, arrived on the evening of the 21st, and the accounts by her not being confirmatory of the short crop estimates, a complete panic has taken placo in Cotton. Holders have lost all confidence, and are forcing their slocks npou the market regardless of prioo. The decline in American descriptions is fully three-eights, and in several instances a further reduction has been , j submitted to. 1 The sales of the week hsve been 28,770 bales, I of which speculators have taken 2,700 and exporters 3,0*60 bales.- The official quotations, which must be considered nominal, are as follows?fair Orleans 7$ ; fair Mobile 6f ; fair Uplands 64; middling 64 a 6f and 6?d ; inferior and ordinary 5 a 6?d, 54 a 64 and 5 a 6d per lb. The stock of cotton in this port is 576,000 bales, of which 381,000 bales are American, against a stock at this time last year of 649,000 bales, of which 349,000 were American. Trade in Manchester has been dull and the prices of yarns-and goods suitaMe for export have been lower, whilst there has been more doing in goods for home consumption. 1M NLL1M IEWABB I H AN away from the- autacriber, October 37th, ?\ 1837, from hia reeidence cn Willow Swamp, South Edielo River, Orangeburg Diatrict, South Carolina, a negro man named HOWARD, about aix feet high, and otherwiaa well proportioned, and of black complexion, full faced, high forehead, a prominent noae, and no whiakere; having on one of hia arm a the letter 8, or a mark rearm bling it. He had a acar on the inner ankle of, I preeume, the left fbot. He epeoka with plauaibility and eaae; ia rather aaeuming in hia addresa, Jet mild and humble in hie mannera. He iaa een, ahrewri fellow, walka faat and quite erect, diiu ?? o^i iu urnr uncommonly mucn on nil lOfl whtn hurried. He said that he originally belonged to a farmer named Joahua Lee, near Clinton, in Virginia; either there or Norfolk or Richmond, in that State, I presume he took up quarters. Any person ftnoing and apprehending the same, and delivering him aafelv y to the hands of the subscriber, shall receive the above reward of one hundred toilers, besides reasonable expenses that he may be at in coming and returning. WILLrAM RILEV. May 10-fitpv ? ' m, GREAT ELECTORAL HESSIAN STATE LOAN Of 6,725,000 Dollar*. 31HIS Loan ia guaranteed by the Government, and contracted by the eminent Banking ouse of Messrs. M. A. vow Roth?chii.o and Sons, in Frr. ' ' on the Maine. The following sapital Prises must be gained, viz: 14 of 40,000 Dollars 60 of 4,000 Dollars 22 " 36,000 ' 60 " 2,000 24 " 32.000 " 120 " 1,500 ? 60 " 8,000 " 180 " 1,000 ? Ac., Ac. The smallest Prize is 55 Dollar*. The next drawing takes place irrevocably on the 1st of June, 1851. 7V price e/ Iks T\ckrU is as fblimn: 1 ticket for 5 Dollars i 6 tickets for 25 Dollars ? " 100 | 65 " 200 Remittances can be made in Bank Notes, Bills ?r Drafts on Europe, Ac. Each shareholder will receive, free of expense, the Prospectus, with full particular*; and after the drawing, the list of the luccesaful numbers, which will abo be published in the leading journals. The Prises wifl be paid in cash at h rankfort-on-the-Maine, Paris, LonIon, New York, or New Orlsa"" Apply, without delay, to meats Stissbi , Sons, Bankers and Merchants, Frankfort-on-theMaine, Germany; or those who prefer it can direct their letters to the care of Maaara. S b Co., Merchant*, 3S, Nicholas Lane, Lombard itreet, London . ' Prospectus of the cuban liberator, a neat Book of 900 octavo pares, illusrated with engravings. Price hi, payable invaiably when subscribing, to enable the author to iave it done in the finest style of the Arts. Editors who copy this, and postmasters who till frank remittances, are authorised to act aa gents for the work, and retain 115 per cent cmnniasion. Confident of the moat liberal support in his enterprise, 1 shall endeavor to merit it, and I lose a hasty penned Prospectus upon the nounsin waves of the Ocean, as well aa the draughts or steel plates representing the author before the " Impiiestera," and American Ladies and Gentlemen in Havana, throwing bags of gold as an offering for his liberation, onon the desk of the American Consul. EDWARD 8TIFF, Author of " The Texan Emigrant," and late *dt? lor of the " Cherokee Sentinel," at Cedar BlufiT, Alabama. Mareh |.