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I SOUTHERN PRESS. I WASHINGTON CITY I WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16, 1861 I The Whig national Convention. I Large numbers of delegates to the Whig conI vention have been in Washington for the last I few days. And the actual condition of the I party is now as well understood as it can be I after the nomination. It is scctionally divided. I All the Northern members, except about twenty, I are opposed to the ratification of the Compro I raise. All the Southern members except about I twenty are in favor of it. If the Northern mem I bers are national, then there is only a score of I . ; Southern members that have the odor of nnI tionality about them?and contrariwise. I Now, although this is the actual and the no. I torious condition of the party, each section or I faction asserts its own nationality, and deI nounces the other as sectionalists nr.d disor* I ganizers. I The main body of the Southern Whi :s pro| pose to nationalize themselves and the whole party by that remarkably acute and ludicrous expedient of the South, <i set of rrsolutions. The Northern WJiigs?knowing that resolutions arc a pare Southern idea, object to it. Now, o us it is perfectly immaterial whether the convention adopts resolutions or not. We know the party is sectionally divided?and resolutions can neither change the fact, nor put down the truth. Of course the great body of the Southern Whigs will back out. That is the customary movement of the South, especially after having talked particularly big. For the rest, we hardly know which would be j the most respectable, to back out, or to persist. For all the Southern Whig9 ask, is that a set ol measures that disgraced and dismembered the South, Hhould be endorsed .' The North has succeeded in throwing the South into that posi tion?the position of defending aggressions 0:1 herself. Well, the Southern Whigs ar? reap I ing the consequences of th??r own disgracefu' I m desertion of U??? position of 18-18?"-10 We didn't think the retr.bution would be so speedy ?,but this is a fast age. And the Whigs are not the only people destined to realize it. fcir The New York Mirror rends up this J ''Help me Cassius" cry, to the Southern sere- j dert. It docs not look like confidence: hut ! to-day will tell the tale. Verily we have fallen on strange limes when Northern men have to talk in this way to Southern: Will the South Stash Firm !?We have ' 1 :-P ?U_ A .'.. llcaru iv stuu iiiui a icw ui iiic ouuuimi urngates who are elected as out-and-out compromise men have MangumiseJ. In other words, that they have been coaxed, or bought, or frightened into the support of (Jen. Scott in the coming convention! If this be true: if the Sooth prove faithless in the hour of trial, we think it is the last time the North will ever battle for Southern interests. We will leave our Southern fisters and their "peculiar institution" a prey to abolition rapine and servile insurrection. If it be now true, that ever a night-bell ring in Richmond but the mother presses her infant closer to her breast," how will it be when the flood-gatea of Abolitionism are no longer staid by the bulwarks of the North-by the serried | ranks of men who have aloud hy tin great defender in resulting the aggressive tide of Northern fanaticism, and by so doing hsve primerved the life, liberty and property o( their Southern brethern. 1/ thry de%rrl u* ntf then, in the atrong language of oriental indignation, we will mock at their calamity, and laugh when their fear cometh?yea when their fear * cometh as a whirlwind. Per contra the New York Tribute, the month-piece of Abolition, thus discorse*: The Tribune has the following, in reference to opponents of Gen. Scott: " We aVt sore he is s compromise man,' is ths pretext for bolting. Yes, gen'lemen, you ore sore of it?in fact, you never doubted it! Anybody in Washington can tell you. if you ran possibly have been ignorant until now, that he exerted his influence in favor of the compromise when it was under discussion; and, after it had been carried, being in this cilv. he at'ended the great compromise meeting in Castle Garden and there poblirally cxpr?a?ed his devotion to the cause. If the opponent* of tho?e measures don't object to him, how can yot/ f The Tribune aaya further : "Well, the convention w ill do as a majority of ita members shall are (it. But one thing it muat remember?that it rcqui*e? nil the Whigs to elect a Whig President; and any rttenipt to choose one with a part only, will certainly result in failure. All ?re. trhn are not a him'd of . our retitionee to the ex ention of tlavry, a?k of it, it to he let aUme. Wears Whig", and wan' to votA? such, as we have alwav* hitherto done, becauag we believe hy ao voting we promote highest (food of our country. If they thin beat to heave ua overboard, in order to coax hack each gentlemen as Cabell and Toombs, they can figure up the profit and loss for themselves." trr aiianlam. The Corruption of terms and their perversion from their original meaning, furnish the theme for a rew collector of the enriosities of liters tnre. A term which has row come into common use is much misapplied, sod in refcrerce to it we quote the following elegant passage from ANrr.BE. a writer of celebrity ; 'There has been tmirh declamation against the Agrarian laws, and their name has hem applied to the insensate system which would establish hy violence an absolute equality of prop rty. It is, however, certain that the Crrehi never demanded try thing of the kind, they only reclaimed for the Plcbeans a right which incontsatably belonged to th?m?of partaking of the lands which they had eonqnered from the enemy. They wished not to d??trov property, but to create small proprietorships by the side of the great. Their end was honest and yencr one. The two noble brothers whose crim? it was to be better than their age. fell because th? . ancient Roman spirit which inspired them, lived only in their hearts. A corrupt aristocracy persecuted them, corrupt Piebcans abandoned them, and their generous death proved the sad l._?k ?k.< bV.. * J I wumi ???? "?? ?! luaiiircri ?rrc;rru|'i, yoa i?w? t era Impracticable. Amtfrf. * Wf Frem the New York Pntt wc take the two following extracts: FezKHsic Tritici?m?We will be particularly obliged to any person who may happen to Bake a speech daring this campaign, in which no reference is made to the unfurling of banners, or spreading any articles of that description to tho ereeze, if tbw will have the kindness to send as a eop?- We wish to ace how *och a political speech woald took. We are adthofized to offer a snitah!e.rewnrd to any person who will Intent an acceptable figure of speech to take the place of this banner daring the approaching campaign?and we will promise him a reasonable share of immortality besides, if soccessfala The asme rewa.d wil be offered for any substitute for the "Ship oi State " Eten a partial sabstitute would be we! paid for, and be a great relief to the country The Eipcote of (he Army." Of la to it has become quite the vogue to clamor at what are termed "enormous expenses" of the crmy. It would seem, too, that Congressional and other high officials assuming or admitting gross evils in the existing systems of administration, as well as extravagance and mal-adiniuistrutiou on the part ofurmy officers, have been and are now occupied in devising a radically new organization with additional I checks and guards on the disbursement of the I public funds. Of somo of these proposed ' changes the public are already informed by a bill which was recently submitted by the Chairman of the Military Committee of the Senate, the several features of which we may hereafter examine; first with reference to the actual existence of the alleged vices in the present iys tetn, and secondly as to the etlieacy of the proposed remedies. Just now, however, our pur pose is to attract the attention of the national ; legislature to the following extract from an ar tide which appeared in the New York Herald ; touching this very question, 4'the expenses of i the array." The tacts and statements presented by this writer, claim the attention and examination of ; all who desire and aim to legislate understand ingly and efficiently upon a question of such j great public importance and in)ere->t. Here is the extract : Put 526,078 square miles had been added to our national territory, as a slight memorial ol j the blood shed and lives lost in this way ; this, ; and 0GG,983 more, (Oregon and Texas.) all ' with infant settlements, were, at the close of | the war, to be occupied and protected; and we I bouni ourselves by the treaty of peace to proMeet the 1,700 miles of Mexican frontier from the habitual ravages of several of the most formida! ble tribes of savages on the continent, whose I usual dwelling place had been annexed to our territory. Under these circumstances, that President actually induced Congress to reduce the army slightly below its strength prior to the war, before the annexation, or occupation of these incipient empires ; and when the number of posts was about to be increased from 55 to 97. We next hear the crv against the enormous expense ol the ?*tny. . Now, in the name of common ?en?e, did Congress?did certain editors? expect to add, occupy, defend 1,19.3,061 square miles of new territory, with savage inhabitants, without a^comparatively enormous addition of expense? A territory greater than the 29 oldest States, by 120,000 square miles! Did they expect to rahe up settlements and Sla'pa. ihpu srp dnirifr. II nvor litis iipvc pm. pire v. ilhoat pajing for it ? Without its costing " enormously " for sonic few years : at least until agricultural labor is there established? Have not troops been rent a voyage of 18 000 miles, to occupy a part of this territory ? Do they consider that in this golden land added by the war, all prices have been, and will continue for a time to be " enormous." It is folly to call it the " expense of the army it is the expense of annexing and settling a new empire, nearly six times as large as France, (with her half a million of soldiers." Do they indeed expect now to protect this hall a continent, whose chief population is depredating Indians without an increase of that army, which before waa only equal to the protection of the frontier of Arkansas Missouri, and Wisconsin, without adding to its mounted force, to chastise and keep in awe these new hordes of mounted enemies f Does the armv thank then) for this increased expenditure? Do they ask to be exiled thousands of mile?, to be rent into desert-8, where, with every exposure and privation, they must pay treble price* for necessaries of life ? They are over-talked, and harrassed by incessant war ( fare against superior numbers of savages, w hile | it is called peaceWithout a chai-ce of honors, . they are -xposcd to censure and derision.for illsuccess against these Parthian-, where from I heir 1 numerical weakness, success i* impossible. Do they ask to be isolated at these expensive p"?te in the desert, rednced?by the loss of discipline ! and military spirit?to mere rqunds of 70 men ? ; (for that is about the average of a'l the posts of the army.) That there has been n i-sinanagemcnt and cxtrav.'grance, end some cases of corruption, is undoubted. For the first, f will show that Congress must share the blame; ?s for the rest, it 1 was for ? time an inevitable result of the close j of the war, and appointment* from civil life. 1 through political influence, and of the most ex j traordimry temptations fin California and Ore, gon.) and the irresponsibility necessarily stten dant upon the very great di-Uncc of some offi cers from the centres of control. The rifle regiment for nearly four years has been undergoing reorgamzat'on*, or been in useless, inefficient, and most expensive motion, across and hslf round a continent. Who are to blame ? Did not Congress. at the close of the ? ar, in an apf rotation bill, direct the discharge of its efficient and valnahle tank nnd file lh< n the b< at, perhaps, in the army ! Did not Conpre"*, in the law for creating the regiment, fore Mall the discretion of the executive, and require them to otcupy permanently those expensive posts in the gre.t wilderness between Missouri I and Oregon ? Posts, where grass will scarcely grow, and where all ruppliea were t" he .carried I from 3'.K> to 1.100 milea in wagone,and at gnat ri-k fr- m lndian?,and r-f the starvation and free I zirg to death of teama. Did not the political influence of a deli gate from Oregon c-iiise their new di-handment in Oregon, and their retnrn to the tfUtce, where they have just lo-en a third time recruited f If C ngreaa expert waate and extravagance, would it not be better to empower a committer to investigate it?to aend for persons and papers?instead of hlindlv striking out, in the doable confu?ion of the )*?t hour of a session, the ha'f, or any portion, of the sum total of ea. timate-'. without indicating where the retrenchment fright or wrong) should fall * Oh! no; the patriotic Congress, assiduous in its duties, ever ready to boast of our magnificence of b*-undarv. of our ocean bounded dominion, appear to think it should cost nothing; ' atlribu'e every cr.llatsrrl r*pin?? U> army ex travagance;* and for all reward for its achieve merits; for its loss of blood, limbs, health, threaten it with reductions of piy. impose on it dntes incrra<ed beyond jo?sibiltiy of performance, bestow on it indiscriminate abuse for the expen'e of its exile to deserts, where, unnoticed, , it wages winter and summer incessant war; I i t_f _a a. a _ t. J _l 1 I xpeci iniamrv in in-ovrria*p nnn cna?' tine mounted Indians on their r.ntivJ- plain*. ('. Mr. CJwin, in his speech in the Senate on the 19thof April enumerates some 940.".,(HKt expended by the quartermaster department for the transportation of collectors and Indian agents by land to California, escorts to Indian commtssiorers there, a nxval dejK.? at Beniciy, Ac., all of which, of course, ".a loose and reckless expenditure of public money by the army !"?See telegraph report of speech. Phtlapem Hit, Juno I ft, 2 p. m. Toe Bostox Delfoattor Asnivro?Ax An sir from the North?Great Kx-iTrmr.RT? The Boston delegation of Whig*, cumbering five hundred strong, arrived here at 2 p m. today from New York, enronte for Baltimore. Kendall1* splendid bras* band nccompaniei th'-m. They depart for Baltimore at 3 p. m. in a ape. rial train, and will reach that city about 8 o'clock. The residue of the delegation will be through some time to night. We have accounts from New York of immense numbers on their way to the convention. I The interior of Pennsylvania i* pouring out her I legion* ; you may look out for a perfect crowd II by to-morrow night, aucb perhaps as Baltimore r I never contained. I 1 I he Boston delegation is full nf hope and I high spirits | I^T The I 'ui<m of yesterday credits to I Oiarloston Mercury a paragraph which appeal in the Standard of that city, declaring that I | State would go lor Pikki tHiid Kinu ton to o A regard for truth eompili us to correct I error ipto which the Union has fallen. VVI , the position of the Mercury really is, may seen in the last editorial it has contained on | subject, which we subjoin. | We have already given the view s of j Standard and Evening News of the same ci ! in favor of the nominee's. The Courier slai ; neutral. Presidential Candidate* Our correspondent, "a delegate from Ala uia," who is a gentleman of distinction in State, and one for Whom we have much respi has given exaggerated importance to our in comment on the Presidential candidates of I | Democratic party, lie seems to havesusped I that it was the beginning of a war upon tin on our part. Quite the contrary: it was t preliminary to letting them alone. We hu no hostility to them, but a feeling rather kin* , than otherwise. Not ho kindly, however, tl we are tempted to lelinqiiish the position of observer for that of a partisan; and if our c< respondent had the advantage of an equal I'uiui poaliM'iii no wwuiu do urn: ui mju urm, i are sure, to admit that his sketch of the candid: for Vice President is such, that no human bei could recognise the likeness without the exp I natoryhint of the label "Win. It. King." We don't object to the election of the Den j cratic candidates; nor do we suppose there u bo any but trifling opposition, to them in I j State. But we have several unconquerable t jectioijs to becoming their partisans and distui ing ourselves and others with unccessary noi: and ferment. Wur objections are these: 1. When a party throws aside all its nic distinguished men, the only men capable giving consistency to its counsels and vigor its movements,?when it disowns its leadt and representatives, and for motives of temp rary advantage, crowns with highest honors, o scurc men, it ceases in any respectable sense, be a party, and becomes a mere herd of spoi j men. We have no ambition to labor in such j crowd. 2. The difference in respect to general po tics between the Whig and Democratic parth | has almost wholly disappeared, and we c; conjure up no enthusiasm in the cause twecdle dum against tweedle de:. 3. But a decisive objection, if we had i other, would be found in what follows. At the recent session of our Stale convenlic [ Co-operationists and Secessionists united in t following solemn declaration: Resolved, by the people of South Carolina convention assembled, That the frequent viol tions of the Constitution of the United States I the federal government, and its cncroachmen upon the reserved rights of the sovereign S at of this Union, especially in relation to slaver amply justify this State, so fur ai any duty obligation to her confederates is involved, dissolving nt once all political connection wi her c<? St .tea, and that she forbears the ext cisc of that manifest right of self-governme from considerations of expediency only. Now what were the "violations" and "e croachmcnts" so heavily denounced by the co vention. All the world knows that in i especial degree they were the measures knov as the com promise, ilow stands the Dem cratic pnty in regard to those "viol aliens oft Constitution" and u encroachments on the i served rights of the States?" The following a part of their platform : Resolved, That the foregoing proposition r vers and was intended to embrace the wlic subject of the slavery agitation in Congees 1 and therefore the Democr .tic party of the Unit j standing on this national platform, will abide ! and adhere to the faithful execution of the a< j known ps the compromise measures settled the last Congress, the act for returninofmrilii from service or labor Included : which act, bci designed to carry out an express provision the Constitution, cannot with fid) lity thereto | r pralcd or so changed as to destroy or iinpi i it* tffic lev. Moreover, we know t* at, if It had rot be for the pp-dtion of a small minority in the Hal more convention, thia resolution would ha | been made to express a hearty approval of t ! compromise, as well as a pledge to anpport il Here, then, in South Carolina,all parties lis united in denouncing the compromise, a* so f] grant a wrong that it justified the breaking i of (be confederacy; and it surely cannot be ? yccted that we should be so lost to c,elf-re*p< as to plunge into an electioneering cimpai| for candidates whose chief merit is found their pledges to sustain that system of wron The people of Mouth Carolina have long ti that one of the most fatal influences that her every go<>d cau?e and thwart the advancement just principles in this confederacy, is to be foil in the turmoil and corruption of the President elections. They have felt that the cau-e of t Mouth hss been already saerificed to the hop 1 and intrigue* that cluster around this cent , and ll ey will'not so soon after the last hitt lesson, make themselves a party to this wrete ed erambl" for pbee, and in the ferment i these coarse and venal ambition*, sink fore* all reverence for the past and all elevated lio for the fritnro ?fharlrHnn t/?rewry. (.illfsrala Itrui*. We extract the following items of interc from the last California papers: (iF.KFIFAI. MoRF.ftF.AI> a ftXPEniTIOB.? It ' very well known that thin famous general, wl hM fignnd *o r*in the lower |>art the Stale, hi* Inen in S. craimnto for aevei : month* buck, collecting a company of a in hi tin and featlm* y oath a, for the purpose of rnnkii an excursion to the South; either to distingui themselves, or to better their fortune*. It little ha* a* yet transpired relative to hi* obje< and it ia frequently hinted that he ha* a very i definite idea in the premises himaelf. Suffice to nay, the company, whatever their pnrpo may be. have pnihaaed, provisioned and fill up a bark, ant are now on their way down t ; Sacramento river. Kbforccmrkt of tiif Fi.orTivt Slavs La ?Under the provision* of the act of the la ' legislature, Mr. Lsthr p yevte?d?y made clai before Justice Fry to a negro man brought ' him to iliia S'ate in I8III, and who had left hi some time since. Upon a hearing and j roof the ownership of property, the negro w*s turn over to Mr. Iisthrop, whoha? started him to t Atlantic State*. Kverything passed off wi quiet and order?nothing like resistance l>oi made to the due execution of the law.? Snn m*nfo I'num. Some sixty or seventy Texan* are at Max: Ian, having creased the country, and are n< waiting paas.ge up the coast. Many more r reported on the road. The Indiana on the II rango road are verv troublesome, freqneni ' killing travellers. They recently cut off t : fnail oar flPP The Cliinimcn wem lo be getting j to h odor through the mines generally, and will , speedily driven out unless government ta j some action to prevent their swarming over such hordes ; though I think the prohibit) should be extended loa'l foreigners. None t 'American citizens should be allowed to h< clsims, unless by purchase.? Co/. Express. 1 The miners on Dry Creek, at Auburn, and Horae Shoe Uar, North fork of the Amerio river, have held meetings and adopted reso tions declaring their intention not to pert Sooth American and Asiatic lahorcra to coi aniong them for the purpose of digging gold. Y/xurr: laoESTnrr.?All the way from t Russian possession*, in Kamtechatkn, has coi a cargo of Ice, to cool the tropical atmosphere Panama to refresh the parched lips of the we? emigrants visiting our shore*, and to add one the greatest luxuries of our domestic comfoi j in Panama.? Panama Star, June 1st Ma j In the correspondence of the New Y ed j Evening I'ml wo find the following let I he i headed " (lie Compromise in Maine": ne. ' Rocklanu, Me., Jane 10 the " The (buhli ol (ho Hon. Charles A mire (inl created a ae nicy in the fourth congrcsaio I _ district in Maine. This district is composed ' | the county ol Lincoln and a portion ofthecou 'he ,>t Oxford, and it a Democratic district hy least 1,000 majority. William K. Kimball, ei H,c a lawyer of respectable talents and every u personally unobjectionable to (tie voters, l?u j (strong friend of the compromise measures "'M the preeei t administration, was put in nomi lion by the Democrats, and the Hon, Isi j Reed, a respectable merchant of good nhilili l>a. ! was nominated by the Whigs?and also b hjs convention of the Frcesoilers. The district ,L,j j a comrner inl > ne?the Whig towns in the c j(,j' I trict are commercial towns, where the comp li0 | noise is rnmt popular. Among them is the c ^ j of llath, where the famous Union meeting v *,'|n j held, in imitation of your Castle Garden rtie ,h? in which Hie prominent politicians of b< [Ve j |>.irties in this congressional district did all tl II could to save the Union and glorify the oomp mj mise. They were aided, too, by conspietu statesmen from other parts of the State, n from othi i sections of the Union, and the me II ing was never surpassed in point of mean si Ae serviency to pro-slavery doctrines and p slavery measures. nfr "As a promin.nt man, Mr. Reed was invil la" to attend tliis meriting. He treated the ivitati with contempt, and openly committed hirnf to. against the compromise. Upon his recent noi HI nation, he boldly avowed bimself ail opponent the compromise measures, and committed him? ,p,_ in a published letter to the doctrines of the Fr b- K0" Party- The 'compromise' was the only qn lion fit issun in fhp I'lpi'tifm. Th.tt tri:?l ivdr t (| in tho district above all others in Maine, (if, I deed, it wna not in all New England,) m ol favorable to a successful result to this nieasu to The friends, of Mr. Kimball, tho comprom a candidate, were active, and circulated all 01 n the district, days before the election, a hat ^ bill containing Mr. Reed's letter published t ) the Freesoil paper, and other matters ahowi I conclusively that his sentiments were ar [ ( Webs'er, anti Compromise, and Freesoil, a appealing to the commercial interests of t jj district, to the opponents of Abolitionism, to t Democratic party, and to tho friends of the co promise, to support Mr. Kiiuball. The electi oj has come off. Mr. Reed, with no adventitio circumstances in his favor, in a commercial d trict, with a large Democratic majority, h been elected by the people upon the coin pi mise issue, by about 1,000 majority. Commr , ' is unnecessary. A. B. lie J in VIhlg Convention at .Mlilcdgevilie. a" The following are the resolutions adopti with the names of the delegates and executi lts committee appointed by the convention of t es friends of Mr. Fillmore, which assembled T- Milledgevillc on Monday last.. ?r The counties repiesented by delegates wt 'j' Baldwin "Bibb, Morgan, Putnam, Upson, Hot II ton, Chatham, Crawford. Cobb, VVaahingti r" Mcintosh, DeKalb, Jefferson, Meriweth fjreene, Monroe. The committee of eight reported throu; n" Mr. Neabit, their chairman, the following re* n* lotions: an Resolved, That we re-aflirm the principl 1" enibraccJ in the preamble and resolutions of I 'J" (Jrorgia convention of 1850. "c Resolved, That we send thirty delegates the National Whig convention, with power IS fill their own vacancies. Resolved, That the sufety and honor oft Smitii ?itwl t!\?* int.i?rrritv nf th?? Union nr?? rtani ),e to us than the triumph of any party, or the si s; cess of any candidate, and therefore weiristrs our delegate# to insist upon a recognition of t y compromise measures, by the National Wli convention, as a full and Anal settlement of "V the questions therein embraced, and to ma '*'* such recognition a condition precedent to u participation by theui ir. the nominations of mi ''' convention. Rejoiced, That Millard Fillmore, for the abi ty, impartiality and patriotism manifested him in hia administration of the genera! gove: Hn ment, derervca the confidence of tie wh< country; he has been tried and found faithful v<> the Cons' itution and the supremacy of the law faithful to the preservation of the Union, and ^ the Constitutional rights of the South, and i v<" hesitate not to avow our prefercr.ee for him ov 'all other candidates. UP Rfioh'd, That we have entire cmifiderce x I)*niel Webster, and while we profoundly a rt mire his rut and stupendous intellect, i cherish the wannest feelings of gratitude "J him for his eminently able and nncomprnmi.-i ?' defence of the Constitution and the right* 1 " the South, and we wonld delight to honor hi 'e Rrsidi^i, That our hearts are in the si chamber of Henry Clay. Now that he is aim !1 | to die, wn feel that justice should he done 1,1 his worth, and that a proper estimate should placed l?v his countrymen open his long, hrillii sno patriotic r?blic service*. ro' fifi-lt'd, Should either of the Coegrensior !'r districts of the State rppoint delegates, that ' he'ehv recognize end appoint them as delrgal " of this convention. 1 r R'*?hrd, That an executive committee ten he appointed by the president of thi* cenvr tion to take any action that may i?e necessary furtherance of our present views?five of wh< hall h? a quorum. '-t The following gentlemen were appoint delegates under the 2d resolution : roR THtt STATE AT I.AROR. I,0r Hon .WILLI AM C DAWSON. " Hon. SKATON GRANTLAND. " Chas. J. Jenkins, Judge A. R. Wright, u* Miller (Irieve, II. CJ. Cole, "f Joshua Hill. J. R. AUxander, * Robt. V.Hardeman, P. B.Connelly. u? Anthonv Porter, Philip C"ok, ' ' Judge Fletnming, P. M. Nightengale, Joseph Fay. A II. St -kes, Rolw rt P. Trippe, Willard Boynton, s" Washington Poe, B. II Warrep, '' Thomas Flewellen, Dr. F. K. Jones, Michael Kenan, K II.'Worrell, Dr R A Ridley, Y I. G. Harris, w- John J. Floyd, George Piatt, ml; R. Rcneau, Jos. A. 1* Lee. |m The president appointed the following nnm .'y gentlemen as executive committee: Miller Grieve, of Baldwin. "4 M. J.Kensn, Sam'l T. Beecher, " jjf,! Dan'l R. Tucker, " n_ i J H R. Washington, of Bibb. J. A. Nisbet, Rob't V. Hardeman. of June*. EpC. Cahines*, of Monro#. Russell R ^nesn. of D'-Kalb. )W ' C. Vs. Ni?bet, of Morgan. The convent ion then ndjnnrned tint 4*6. "1 SKATON (i RANT!, AN I), Preside! !} Sam'L T. Bkcchf.R, ) u , . h" J.T.IlAKOrMARjf,^^"^Remarking on this convention the Millcdj, b,, ville Rwn'tlrr says; jjP j We have only time before going to pre** j? say that the convention, the f flirial account on which we pnbliah below, concentrated am| M)t evidence, to convince even the worat inform ild ! nPon "uhjec',that it represented in truth a in fact the derided pnbiic feeling of alar . majority of the Union Constitutional party * the State. But one feeling actuated the convi I tion. We are confident in the belief, that t convention speaks out tho feelings of the n ni jority of the people of Ceorgia, and time w rm* pra\e it. ,'ie , The St. !/>uis Union, the principal expont BIP of Colonel Benton's view* in Missouri, speaks ?f the warmest terms of the nominationa; *a lfy they will be singularly happy in harmonizi "f| the partv. and entertains no doubt that the carv date* w ill be elected by an overwhelming map lily. - ~? ? ---- - r>rk Further Foreign Intelligence by the llmltlc ton FRAKCE. Iii relation to the recent disclosures of tin notes of the groat powers, Louis Napoleon hsi empowered the Mowlew to say : nul "Certuin foreign journals are endeavoring U 1 of accredit the rumor tiiat the Northern powers, ii lily the event of certain occurrences, would be pre at pared to renew tiie coalition of 1815, and deter *q., mine beforehand, the conditions on which ii my would bo permitted to Fiance to modify hei it a government. That rumor is false; the eventof ualities which were the pretext for thejn have on. no probability. Nothing indicates the necessity sac of any change whatever in our institutions, ies, France enjoys the most complete repose. All y a the powers continue, to maintain with her the t is most friendly relations; and at this moment,leas lis. than ever, have they the pretension to interiorro once in her internal ati'aira. They know that ......LI :r .1 ? i ivy io nwmu, n in?) neueaimy urmi!, uuubu iiui /as right i to bo respected, as she respects those ot et ottier people ; but those rights are neither menith need nor contested." ivy in reference to this course of the three Northr? era powers, which has naturally attracted much 'tis attention in France, and throughout Europe gonnd erally, the Paris correspondent of the London ot- Times*ays: ''v " It is believed in political circles hero that a H)' declaration was expected front the Emperor ot Russia soon after his return to Warsaw. Many ef surmises are made as to the nature of that dock"! ument, though, if it appear at all, the prevailing " . ojiiuion points to the relations at present existing between the Austrian and Prussian govern" {Dents." " The commission on tho budget have exhibited t0" an independence that was scarcely looked for, 8i by rejecting the President's demand of 20.000,I.0t 000 lranes to defray the expense of the 31,000 In" men that have been added to the army. This 08 refusal will reduce tho effective force for 1853 .re[ to 369,000 men,of which it previously consisted. II,t' The question is, will" the President assent to the ^('r reduction, or will he insist on the original pro' position ln The municipal government of I'\aiicc has voted twelve millions of francs to. purchase the 1 buildings necessary for the construction of the !" Rue da Rivoli, |1L, Victor Hugo has ju->t completed a work on m. the coufctetat. It is to bear the title of?" Le on Deux Decembre." lis INDIA. ?'" A telegraphic dispatch by 'he last steamer ania8 nounced the fall of Rangoon and Murtaban, and the capiure by the liiitish of 150 pieces of cannon. Martab in was stormed on the 5th April witli comparative ease, the troops having landed under fire from the ships, and advanced rapidly ?(j in conjunction with the artillery on tho works ve of the enemy. A conflict of four or five hours' duration ensued, and the place was taken The ln BurmeM* garrison was about 3,000 strong. After driving the enemy from Martaban, the re troops re embarked and proceeded to join the is- force on the Rangoon river. On Easter (Sunday, >n, April 11, the entire squadron proceeded up the er, rivt-r, but coming within range of the batteries, they opeiied tire and action became unavoidable, rrh The steamers threw their broadsides on the face ,u- of the Burmese works on both sides of the river, and after a heavy cannonade and shelling les silenced them. The outer batteries were then he atormid and occupied bysaihr* and' maiiies from the ships. The Burmese, this day, (Sunto day), clso suffered a heavy loss by the explosion to of thi ir powder magazine, which svas struck by a shell and blew up. be Monday, 12th April, was occupied in landing or the main body of the troops, and in capturing a lc- stockade a short dista-ce inshore.* The Burme*e fought gallan;ly, and the. loss on both he sides was considerable. * "( Tuesday, the 13th, the heavy guns were land k edl On Wednesday morning, the 1 4th, the entire '! *' force broke ground and pressed on towurd the enemy's strong-hold?.the great Pagoda stockade. The fighting here was pretty severe for ' some hours- At noon a general assault was made by all arms on an angle ?f the stockade. "* wh:oh was carried, and the ene i?y gave way at all points. An open gate here permitted the 1,1 troops to rush in and occupy the place, and all * the fighting was over by 2 o'clock p. m. During the engagement the heat was so excessive **' that several officers and men died from that cr cause alone. . The Brdi-h had not more than 150 men put ^ rwrs tiu cumnai, ano capiur <1 UDOUI a like nnni vp ber of guns. The enemy's loss in killed and 'I wounded was great. It is said that two !?cs of rupees were found in the city. The troops are t'f now occupying Rangoon. nt> The cholera has broken out among the Britok ish since the capture of the city. 'Ut It is raid that the governor general has to claimed from the Burmese monarch the suru ol be ?350,000 aterl. for the cx|wnse? of the war up int to the 31st March, with a notification that he will be eharged ?10,000 atcrl. per day until he ml accepts the lerms dictated by the British. The #e present strength of the expedition ia 0.000 re gules iar land forces of all arma, 15 armed ateamshipa, 4 or 5 transports, a line-of-batlln ship, a 44 gun of frigate and a brig of war. More extensive oper n ntions will probably be taken after the rainy in season. "n From the north west fronlioc of India, advices am leas satisfactory to the British. The "A revolted bill tribe a keep np a hnrras?ing war. fare on the outpoats. Their taetiea are to snrround the garriaons in bodies of 5 000 to 0.000. 1 retiring toward the hills aa the troops advance, at d following them again as they return to the forts. Reinforcements have been sent to en j d> avor to bring tliern to action. One regiment, the 53d British, was dispatched from Peshawar, mounted on 100 elephants. Hnrrn, &h ipl'y Co'l. Circular. raoT., M\j 23, 1352.?There liaa again been a >n cotton, the sales for the weal gnding last evening reaching 104, *30 bales, of which exporters took 10,400, and speculators 31,790 bales. The easy state of the money market has created confidence amongst speculators in present prices, which c4 have advanced |d per lb. since the departure of the last steamer, though there appears to be a strong d?)?ire on the part of importers to realise almost as fast m cotton ia landed. To day the sales are estimated at 10.000 biles, IKn marl/of n 1 rami nrr nisiollw l^?s? ? * ! ? 1FUI. "M-Winj ill II IB following quotat ona: Fair Orl< an* 6^; Mid dlfng do. 5fj 5 Fair Mobile* 6J ; Middling do. 5$; Fair Uplands 54; Middling do. 5 3 16; Inferior and ordinaty 3Ja5d per lb. The stock of cotton in thin port is estimated at AltOIKN) bale*, of which 439.000 ia American, against a total atock at this period of last year nt. ! of 670 bales, and 480,000 American. The Yarn market has been irregular, and bnj sines rather impeded by the advance a-ked by ;e- spinners, but which has not been generally conceded by buyers, t" There has been a moderate demand for wheat ?f and flnnr at la?t week's prices, whilst Indian corn has b?en in pood request at an ndvance of I*. 61. per qr. The quotations are as follows : nd vVe?tern canal, Baltimore, and Philadelphia tfr flonr 20s. 6d.; Ohio 21s.; Soar 17*. a 17s. 6d. per hbl. White wheat 6-. 10 a 6*. 3d.: red ft*. *n* 61. per 70 lbs. Yellow Indian corn 32s. 6d.; mixed 32?.; and wnite 31a. per qr. \*!j 1 N i sales in turpentine to report; American " rosin In good demand at 4s 3d per cwt for com, mon, np to 8s 61 ppr cwt for fine, j Yours, rcspectfolly, I }? Brows, Niiipi.f.y h Co. ya Jnne 1?The cotton msrket in the past three ng working daya has been decidedly quiet, with a di- shade less firmness in prices, the sales reaching >r- 30,000 bales, with 14,000 to speculators and importers . Progress of DcspotUm?Study of History. We find the following communication under j j the above head in the laat number of the New i I York Ijittrary, World: Louis Napoleon has proscribed the study of > history from the French school.*, and he is right. History is a nourishing science. Mathematics and logic clear tho intellect. Natural sciences expand and incidentally elevate the mind ; tho ^ study ( I the ancient languages cultivates, chaat" ens and invigorates thought and expression ; but ' history nurses the soul: it yields a pabulum fit 1 for bringing up men and roaring citizens, party ' feelings, associations, and passions often seri ously sway our opinions of men, events and ' measures of the time, and may make us forget 1 that there is a running justice through all that 1 happens which brings matters to their deserved end and awards; but there are very few minds ' so vicious that they "do not gladly seize upon virtue and greatness recorded in history, and unconnected with our persona! interests. Why else should even the worst tyrants feel flattered when they are compared to tho best men in history? Louis Napoleon liiin<elf would not willingly compare himself to Doctor Francis, whatever others may feel inclined to do. History accustoms the mind to perceive the continuity of States, societies and mankind, and more than any other knowledge, inspires the soul with the conviction that the present is not all, but that we^>elong also to the past and the future. It i* this that forms the strengthening clement in the study of history. Let people live but for the dav?let them worship the words on the tomb of Sardanapalus?"eat, drink and lust, the rest is nothing "?and the despot need not fear their molestation. But if citizens are wanted, and not fast livers, if freemen are to support and continue-good institutions, and if a fair institutional liberty is to he supported, to be enjoyed, and to be handed over to succeeding generations, history must bo largely , infused into every plan of education. It has more nutriment than any other branch. Free nations produce the great historians, and in turn, history helps rearing free nations. It feeds with a food that produces strong men, because it nourishes character by making familiar with what is high, lasting, great and blessed by fellow men. Affinities find each other, and the character, in history fully developed, quickens what lies undeveloped i.n the young. Chatham loved to the end of his great life to spend his ; spare hours with Flutarch. I All those who may be called the quickeners g of nations?their orators, their statesmen, their t reformers, their commanding authors, their c poets, their teachers?have ever been lovers of t history, .and have been delighted in walking f through its majestic hall where the statutes ot a the past are ko.pt, in solemn and instructive ar- f raying. t Louis Napoleon is as consistent, or as the c French themselves would say, as logical in 8 throwing off the study of history, as the ruler '' of the Lydians was who J'orbnde them to wear e arms. ' c But history can stand this insult. She will v revenge herself fourfold when she comes to tell this and other doings of the impertinent 1 tyrant. L. ? u Artesian Well In Dallas, Alabama. We alluded some time since to the remarkable ' Artesian Well, which was being borrd on .the ^ premises of Mr. Joel E Mathews at Cahawba, 0 for the purpose of supplying the necessary water lor the steam engines of a cotton mill, which that gentleman was erecting. This well lias now been completed. It is 735 feet deep, and discharges l3(J0 gallons of water per minute. The Dallas Gazetle nays: It is a curio?ily j. and is worth a iong tide to have a view of it. The water boils up roaring like a cataract, forming a branch of considerable size, and the low j ' grounds, Rome two hundred yards distant, require di'eiiing to carry off the immense quantity 1 of water collected upon its surface. j A correspondent gives a pretty full account c of the proccr.s of boring this well, with other g particulars relating to it. A well was dug in the . ordinary way, bJ icet, through the red cl <y and [ gravel lying upon the rotten limestone. A large ( pine log was then procured and a hole 3i inches r in diameter,bored through it. After sharpening (, the cud and putting an iron baud around it, the v log was put down and firmly driven and forced j into the reck. Tne well was then filled up? v the upper end of toe log appearing about a foot g above the surface. Toe boring then commenced, j, and with the various tools and contri nnces of p the art, the earth was rapidly penetrated. A icgular succession of etrata of rotten iiinc* ii ton , sandstone, blue, gray, green and red sand | ? were pissed through, and three sheets, or grand h divisions of water lying under one another, and ' each separated from the other by what the well ri borer called w sand rock," a very hard concerte ll of sand sin lis. tl A? each lower sheet of water wna reached by n the tools, the water was thrown up through the hole in greater quantities, and with more vio- P lence. When the "first water"?that is the wa- 11 ter just below the first ssnd "tone?waa reached, "* the upward flow of the water did not exceed ^ seven gallons pi r minute. It was increased to one hundicd gallons, when the second sand stone was perfora'ed, and on reaching the third * sheet of water, upwards of three hundred gtl ' Ions per minute rushed up through the orifice, seemingly impatient of its limits. a Thinking that the quantity of water would " be increased by enlarging the hole, they rimmed it out'J . inches in diameter, and 238 feet deep, 1 to the sand stone Iving shove this third bed of . water, and inserted a tube from the first and ^ resting upon tlie third sand stone. They were JI not disappointed. The water, from a small stream became a large column, ru*iiing up * wards with violence, at the rate of 1300 gallons per minute, and running nfl* in a considerable !' rivulet. It h?? been said the Artesian at (iren " oble, near Parish is the largest in the world ; , hut the water thrown out there does not ex ' reed fiOO gallons, per minute. Mr. Mathews' .. will throws ont more than double that nnan; Mr fls-irl tl?" aiirroMfiil krswrar r\f !!?. ?" ha* commenced boring another, some sixty , yard* distant (for Mr. Mathcwa) which will he j, ome 1500, or 2,000 foot dorp. To prevent in. w jury to the firat, it la ncceMuiry to make I he appond one much deeper, an aa to reach a different alrram of wsiter. The firat well ia tubed, aa ^ the aecnnd will be. Mr. Rpid ia alao boring a well for Dr. Kng- '] liah, two hundred yard* dtalant from Mr. Ma '' thews. Ia now 630 fpet deep, and discharge* 200 gallon* of water per minute.?Mobile Reg. ? ?? ? al From the .Imrrican Fief, (Brownetillt,) May 15. d OCT*ao* en America**? It again become* () our du?y to record the report of the perpetration j of another scene of bloodshed and plunder, which, if < ur information be true, would more resemble the work of fiend* bcarnate than hit- tl man men. We are informed by a gentleman fi jo*t arrived in town, that, on the evening of the tl 10th innt., a gang of about forty men. consist- o ing of Mexican* and Indians, attacked a party. A of seven Americana, who were encamped i.t a at I lake called Campsrua* ; five of thoee at the camp c< are said to have been murdered, and all their et property taken into Mexico. Two of the men, fa | fortunately, were on the margir. or me lake cr shooting ducks at the time, nn.l they succeeded A in making their escape. These rohhera and murderers are said to have crossed the river some forty miles above this place, on Friday, th the 7th insl.. and a detachment of them openly i hi recroaeed it again soon after perpetrating their th hellish deed, bearing with them, as trophies, the c< | right hand of each of their slaughtered victims, ; while the remainder of the savages coolly en- m camped on the ground where the massacre oc- E ( currcd, expecting, no doubt, another feast of to blood from those whom they deemed absent pi from the camp, and would probably return, nn- si suspicious of danger. je Important from Mexico Correspondence of the N. Y. Herald. City or Mexico, May 12, 1852. The Tehuantepcc affair?The Defeat of Col. S'loo's project?Sew I'lan?Tlie Mission of Mr. I,arrainz tr, tf-c., dfC. I write hastily, to scud you the last resolution of the Mexican congress on the Tehuuntejee question. It is as follows: Article 1st.?The government will make a . ontraet, or facilitate the formation of an a-so. .nation of citizens, who will, in both cases, be preferred to foreigners, or a company of both tiatives and foreigners, to open by moans of a ;anal, a railroad, or a high road, u wt?y of cornnuniealion between the Atlantic and Pacific leas, through the Uthmus of Tehuuntepec. The joveritment shall not conclude the contract they nay enter into, unless previously approved of jy the gcnerul congress. Article 2d.?The government, to make u-e jf the facility granted them by the previous irticle, must subject themselves to the following ;ases. viz: 1st. That the contract they may enter nto shall contain no clause supporting, for the ights granted, any claims against the republic m the part of foreign governments, nor diminsh the full and expeditious exercise of its sovireignty over the said Isthmus of Tehuuntepec. Id. That to afford to the enterprise a more efti:ucious and constant protection, the government a to be one of the partners. 3d. That the nter-oeeanic communication through the lathuus shall be free and open to all the nations of .he globe. 4'.h. That to make permanent and lerpetoal tlte advantages of the communication, . t (the government) shall negotiate with the lowers on friendly footing with the republic, by reaties, an express acknowledgment of the neurality of the way through the Isthmus in case of var. The foregoing decree was unanimously apiroved of yesterday by the senate, in spite of he efforts made by the ministry to rally on the iroposition of Mr. Sloo, and to-day, (12th of llay) the chamber of denudes neeantu/i .? VJ..VM VI lb vithont going through the usual forms, by a 'ole of 84 against 4; thus defeating the minisry. To day, some proposals from citizens of he republic, have already been sent in. Since the receipt of Mr. Fillmore's uliimutum, a he congress has been kept in a constant stele if feverish excitement,during which Mr. Sloo's imposition received the favorable consideration if Mr. Ramirez, minister of foreign relations, jy whom it was submitted to the general eonrross. Among other stipulations, Mr. Sloo sound himself to indemnify the present holders j if the Garay grant, and to accord to Mexico . . wo-fifths of the net proceeds, in lieu of oneburth, as stipulated by Garay. But even this ppears to have been an insufficient inducement or Mexico, and the impression is now prevalent hat if she succeeds in overthrowing the claims if Garay, no other grant w ill be given. That ilr. Larrainzar bad no power to adjust the Temantepec question with the United States govrnment, is plainly to be seen from the decree if yesterday, throwing the matter open to thoso vho choose to avail themselves of its conditions, ilr. Larrainzar was indeed the bearer of a letter o Mr. Fillmore from General Arista, but it was inly in reply to one sent by Mr. Fillmore some ime since. All here, unite in the conviction that inlcss the United Slates government act promptv, the Tehuantepec right of way will be lost orevcr, unless, indeed, your prediction should ?e realized, and Mexico placed under the wing if the American eagle. * far The Boston I'ost tells this good story : A Voyage to Bermuda on Short Rations. ?Tiie habitues of Commercial street, opposite o the Eastern I'acket Pier, have been for years mniliar with the portly presence of "Captain ohn." Now Captain John is ono of the sharpest s well as cleverest and beat humored of all the j lei last packet captains who congregate about he locality mentioned. They teli an anecdote if him which is altogether too good to be lost, lecently arriving at Belfast, it was inferred that erl&in ou'.-lawed "creature comforts" were' tored ill the hold of " the regular fast sailing acket schooner Peytonu." Officers of the law vcre put on bo ird to search. VVhi!c the operaion was on, " Captain John" quietly died ed his crew to get under weigh. When the ifficcrs came on deck tie y found themselves rell down the bay. " Gentlemen," said Captain I ofin, " J lio|?e you have > good of proiaion*. We arc g >ing to Bermuda, and are < n hort allowance!" Consternation ant on the aces of the officers of the law. But it was of o n?e. After a voyage of twenty-four lo urs, he atomncli* of I he ? Ilk-i ds yearned, but they j iiplored in vnin. " I told you we were on liort allowance," said Capttin John, as he and I is . r< w wore dipping into various luxuries. j Can't you give up a dipper of water ?" ' No, ' rally," said C ptnin John, " our water is particn- | irly short." The upshot of the matter was i hat the officers wcro^set n-liore about forty j jib.-s from home, to satisfy the craving* of n < ur.ger which they began to think would heap- j i-jiscd only hy the rich fruits of the beantilul roped i land of I'ermuda. What was done ith the "contraband article," the deponent nowoth not. j A correspondent of tho Galveston .Xetrt rriling from Corpus Christi on the 23d ult sy?: (ien. C irvaj il left hero to day. His suite 01 portion of it left yesterday. Col. Ford re-t lains here, I presume to recruit for the liberal, rg army of Mexico. Gen. Wheat, the fni uoed filibuster, arrived thnt evening with som? rir men, eay five or six. I do not think Carra il succeeded in making over ten or twelve con erts to his cause out of the visitors to th? ?ir, although the \ueret Valley says his speed as received with such tremendous applause 'nat the Sierra Mud re republic will bo formes ventoally I hsve no douht, but many changei th?? modus operandi must take place fi st. Copt W. Adams, of San Antonio, who ha oen connected for some time with the fillibu* ?rs, arrived here yesterday evening. He say le Mexicans killed five Americana (fillihuster>^ i * place called the Tampaqun?, about fift j ?ile* a hot* Brownsville, on this aide of the Ri irnnde. He represents the part* who killc. Ion aa a part of (?en. Avalos' men, nnd undo in own control." The nnmea of the men k ilKrerc not remembered. Ma?* Corvewtioh at Clf.vei.ajid.?Th lorthmnpton Courier thn? notice* the suggc on of tiie propriety of holding a masn conven on of Abortionists at Cleveland : "The Loweil American suggests that a ms4 onventinu be held at Cleveland during tv itting of th" Free?t.il national conventio ingnst 4 h. By all mean*, let aneh a meetir e announced, and the country will witness a tt or such gathering a* wns held at Buffalo 848." MAHrrACTCRino ?A large estiblishment f re mannfecturc of linen fsb-ies from import< ax, is now erecting at Fall River, Maaa., nnd ie direction of N. B. Borden,esq. Thia i? tl nly factory of the kind in the United Staff .notlior carpet factory i* to be put up forthwi t I^awrenco, and r.t Hndley Falla an extensi )tton mill will soon be commenced. At Soi ville, a factory ha* been started for the man dure of locomotive boiler tube*. Thia illed the American Tube Company.?finst I la*. Flax CotM.?The cultivation of flux a fl ie preparation of flax cotton in a anbject thnt II ?(jinning to excite ? grant d'al of attention II lie country, an well an in England and on t II >ntinent. V \Vn learn that it in the intention of one of t I ont extennive farmera in Indiana. (Henry i I llnworth, e?q ,late Comminnionerof Pennionl II > now 500 nrren nnder flnx this aeanon, an< oprietor in England in now preparing, or i' ^1 ready prepi.rfd .1,000 nrren for the name < .jH ct,?Cimknnati Commercial. I ,1