The Madisonian. [volume], July 25, 1840, Image 1

About The Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1837-1845

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THE MADISONIAN.
VOL. III.?NO. 121.] WASHINGTON CITY, SATURDAY, JULY 25, 1840. [WHOLE NO.
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FROM THE? EXPLORING EXPEDITION.
United States Smr \ incennes,
March 10, 1840.
Sin: I have the honor to report that, having
completed our outfits anil observations at Sidney,
N. S. VV, the exploring squadron under my com
mand, composed of this ship. the Peacock, Por
poise, and Tlfing Fish, sailed in company on
the 21th of December, with my instructions to
proceed south a?. far ns practicable, and cruise
within the Arctic ocean. Copies of the instruc
tions were forwarded to you with my despatch
I\o. ~>7.
We continued in company until the first of
Januaryi when we parted company with the
Flying Fish and with the Peacock in a fog on
the third.
1 then steered, with the Porpoise in company,
for our lirsi rendezvous, Macquain's Island, and
from thence to Emerald Island, our second ren
dezvous, having passed over the supposed locali
ty of the latter in long. 162 deg. 30 mins. E?, lat.
f>7 deg. 15 mins. S. without seeing laud or meet
ing with the Peacock or Flying Fish.
On the 1 Oth of January, being in lat. til degs.
S., we fell in with the first ice lands, and con
tinued steering to the southward among many
icebergs, which compelled us to change our
course frequently to avoid them.
On ihe 12th we run into a hay of field ice in
long. It'.! degs. 53 mins. E., and lat. 54 degs. 11
nuns. S., presenting a perfect barrier to.our pro
gress further south; a heavy fog eusuing, during
which we parted company with the Porpoise,
her commander having directions to follow my
urittcn instructions in that event.
I had determined to leave each vessel to art
independently, believing it would tend to give,
if possible, a greater degree of emulation to us
all; and being well satisfied that, owing to the
ice and thick weather, it would be impossible to
continue long in company, 1 deemed it prefera
l>le to hazard the event 'ol accident, rather than
embarrass our operations.
1 therefore submit the details of the proceed"
ings of this ship, as they will, without doubt,
nearly coincide with the movements of the other
vessels of the squadron, the reports from which
will lend to verily our operations.
After an unsuccessful attempt tc penetrate
through the ice, on the 12th of January we pro
ceeded to the westward, working along with
head winds and logs, and on the 16th we fell in
with the Peacock in long. 157 degs. 43mins. F...
lat. 6j degs. 26 mins. S.
On the morning of the 19th of January, we
saw land to the south and east, with many indi
cations of being in its vicinity, such as penguin,
seal, and the discoloration of the water,|but the
impenetrable barrier of ice prevented our nearer
approach to it, and the same day we again saw
the Peacoekto the south and west. We were in
long. 104 ilcgs. 27 mins. E., and lat. 66 degs. 20
mins. S.
On the .''.'J we fell in with large clusters and
bodies of ice, and innumerable ice islands, and
until the '.'"iili were in a large bay formed by ice,
examining the different points in hopes of ef
fecting an entrance to the South, but were dis
appointed. We here reached the latitude of
t|7 degs. I inin. in longitude 117 degs. 30 min.
E. being the furthest south we penetrated. Ap
pearances of distant land were seen in the east
ward and westward, but all points except the
"0B we entered presente and impenetrable
barrier. We here tilled up our water tanks with
ice taken Irom an iceberg alongside the ship.
We made our magnetic observations on the
ice. i in' uippinj? neeuies cave x~i iili unit,
tor the dip, and our azimuth compass was so
sluggish on the ice, that, on J>finti agitated, and
hearings taken again, it gave nearly three points
difference; the variation being 11 deg. mitt,
iv A few days afterwards, about one hundred
miles further to the west, we had no variation,
;md thence it rapidly increased in westerly va
luation, from which I am ot opinion tlmt win n
in the ice hay we could not have been very far
from the South magnetic pole. This bay I
named I hsappointmcnt Hay, as it seemed to put
;in end to all our hopes of further progress south.
On the :>7tK, we fell in with the Porpoise, in
longitude 112 dep. 20 tnin. E. and latitude (in
deg. "il tnin. S. and parted company shortly af
terwards.
<>n the :?sth, at noon, after thirteen repulses,
we reached longitude I if) deg. 30 tnin. and lati
tude ill> deg. :n tnin. S. where we again disco
? ereil land hearing south, having run over 40
unit thickly studded with icebergs. The same
" w iling we had a heavy gale from the south
> i -t. w lib --now, hail, and thick weather, which
ml- red our situation very dangerous, and com
d u? to retrace our steps by the route which
we had entered. Ituring this gale, we were
uiiahle to see the distance of a fourth of a mile,
?unstantlv passing near icebergs which sitr
loiiiideit us, and rendering it necessary to keep
all hands on deck. (>n the morning ol the 30th,
the gale abated, and we returned by the same
i'.'lite to reach the land, when the dangers we
< iieountcrcd nniong the ice the preceding night,
iinl our providential escape, were evident to
? ?'I.
W ? run towards the land about f>0 miles,
le it we reached a small bay, point* d by high
i litis :in11 black volcanic locks, with about *>0
? "I roa-1 in >ig||t, extending to a great dis
1,1111 i"?an|s the southward in high mountain
ous land.
11:'- 1'i' i /r freshened to a strong gale, which
I1" ent.'il out landing, and compelled us to run
out alter o'auling in thirty fathoms water; and
within two hours afterwards the ship was again
reduced to h , storm sails, with a heavy gale
iroin ihi southward, with snow, sleet, and a
heavy a, continuing Hit hours, and if possible
more dangeroiis than that of the :iSth and
1 1 the large number of ice islands around
"" at'>r which 1 received reports from the
tin die,i| otticers, representing the exhausted
iti i the ercw and condition of the ship, of
" Inch the following are extracts : 1
I In medical officers on duty reported und? r
' it the list January, that "The number
>if ii the-sick li?t tht? morning is fifteen; mo?t
of these cases an- consequent upon the extreme
hardship and exposure tiny have undergone
during the last Rales of wind, when the ship lias
been surrounded with iee. This number is not
large, hut it is nece>sary to state that the gene
ral health of the crew is, in our opinion, decided
ly affected, and that under ordinary circum
stances the list would he very much increased,
while the men, under the present exigences, ac
tuated hy a laudable desire to do their duly to
the last, refrain from presenting themselves as
applicants for the list.
" Un.der these circumstances, we feel our
selves obliged to report that, in our opinion, a
few days more of such exposure as they have
already undergone would reduce the number of
the crew hy sickness to such an extent as to
hazard the safety of the slnp.aiid the lives of all
on board.
After which, the surgeon being restored lo
duty, reported to me as follows:
" I respectfully report that. 111 titv opinion, the
health of the crew id materially affected by the
severe fatigue, want of sleep, and exposure to
the weather, to which they have lately been
subjected ; that a continuance of these hard
ships. even for a short period, will entirely dis
qualify a great number of men for their duty,
and that the necessary attention to the health of
the crew and their future efficiency and useful
ness demand the immediate return of the ship
to a milder climate."
Deeming it my duty, however, to persevere, I
decided to continue, and steered again for the
land, which we had named the Antarctic Conti
nent.
We reached it on the rid of Fedruarv, about
00 miles to the westward of the point first visi
ted, where we found the coast lined with solid
perpendicular ice cliffs, preventing the possibili
ty of landing, and the same mountains treuding
to the westward. From thence we proceeded to
the westward along the ice barrier, which ap
peared to make from the land, until the lid, when
we again encountered a severe gale from the
S. E. with thick weather and snow until the7th
February, when it cleared up sufficiently to al
low us to see our way clear, ami we again ap
proached the perpendicular barrier of ice, simi
lar to that which we had previously seen as at
tached to the land ; the same land being insight
at a great distance. We stood along the harrier
about 70 miles to the westward, when it sud
denly trended to the southward, and our further
progress south was arrested hy a solid barrier of
field ice. After an unsuccessful examination
for 24 hours, in all directions, we continued to
the westward along the barrier, as usual sur
rounded by ice islands.
Oh the 8th and 10th (being on the 8th in lon
gitude 127 deg. 7 min. east, latitude 05 deg. 3,
niin. south) we hail similar appearances of dis
tant mountains, but the compact harrier extend
ing from east to west by south prevented a
nearer approach.
On the night of the 0th February, being the
first clear night for soui" time, we witnessed the
aurora australis.
We continued, on the 10th and lltli, west
ward, with south-east winds and tine weather,
close along the barrier, which was more com
pact, with immense islands of ice enclosed with
in the field ice.
On the 12th, we again saw the distant moun
tains, but were unable to effect a nearer ap
proach, being in longitude 112 deg. ]0 min. K.
latitude 04 deg. 57 min. S., and I was again
compelled to goon the westward.
The ice barrier trending more to the south
ward, induced me to hope that we should suc
ceed in approaching nearer the supposed line of
coast. On the 13th, at noon, we had reached
longitude 107 deg. 45 min. latitude 05 deg. 11
min. S. with a tolerably clear sea before u*. and
the land plainly in sight. I. continued pushing
through the ice until we were stopped hy tin1
fixed barrier about 15 miles from the shore, and
with little or no prospect of effecting a landing.
1 hauled off for the short night, and the next
morning made another attempt at a different
point, liut was equally, unsuccessful, being able
to approach only three or four miles nearer, as it
appeared perfectly impenetrable. Near us were
several icebergs, colored and stained with earth,
on one of which we landed, and obtained nume
rous specimens of sandstone, quartz, conglome
rate and sand, some weighing a hundred pounds.
This, I am well satisfied, gave us more speci
mens than could have been obtained from the
land itself, as we should no doubt have found it
covered with the ice and snow one hundred or
more feet in thickness. We obtained a sup
ply of fresh water from a pond in the centre of
the same island. Our position was longitude
100 deg. 40 min. F.. latitude 05 ih'g. 57 min. S.
and upwards of 70 miles of coast in sight, trend
ing the same as that we had previously seen.
Although I had now reached the position
where our examinations were to terminate by
my instructions to the squadron, I concluded to
proceed to the westward along the barrier, which
continued to be much discolored hy earth ; and
specimens of rock, &c. were obtained from the
ice land. A sea leopard was seen on the ice,
but the boats did not succeed in taking hint.
On the 17th February, in longitude 97 deg.
30 min. R. latitude til deg. S. land was again
seen at a great distance towards the southwest.
We now found ourselves closely embayed, and
unable to proceed in a westerly direction ; the
ice barrier trending around to the northward
and eastward, compelled us to retrace our steps.
We had entered a deep gulf on its southern side,
and it required four days heating along its north
ern shore to get out of it. l)uring this time,
our position \<*ns critical, the weather change
able, and little room in case of bad weather.?
It fortunately held up until we found ourselves
again with a clear sea to the northward.
The ice barrier had now trended to about six
ty-two degrees of latitude; the wind having set
in from the westward with dark weather, and
little prospect of seeing land or making much
progress to the westward prior to the 1st of
March, thereby losing time which might be spent
to advantage for our whaling interests at New
Zealand, I determined to proceed to the north
on the evening of the 21st.
There was a brilliant appearance of the auro
ra australis on the
17th February in long. 97 39 R. lat. til 09 S.
Also, on the 22d in " 193 30 R. ? 58 10 S.
" 25th " 117 31 R. " 53 10 8.
And on the 1-t March 137 00 R. " 49 39 S.
The result stated in this report leads me to the
following conclusions:
l>t. From our discoveries of the land through
forty degrees of longitude, and the observations
made during this interesting cruise, with the si
milarity of formation and position of the ice
during our close examination of it, I consider
that there can scarely be doubt of the existance
of the Antarctic continent, extending the whole
distance of seventy degrees from East to West.
2d. That different points of the land are at
times free from the ice barrier.
3d. That they are frequented by seal, many of
which were seen, and offer to our enterprising
countrymen engaged in those pursuits, a field of
I large extent for their future operations.
4th. That the large number of whales, of dif
ferent species, seen, and the quantity of food for
them, would designate this coast as a place of
great resort for them. The fin back whale seem
ed to predominate.
We proceeded on our cruise to the northward
and eastward with sttonggales, until we reached
the latitude of certain islands laid down on the
charts as the Royal Company's islands, about
six degree* to the westward of their supposed
locality ; 1 then stood on their parallel and p*"s~
cd over supposed site, liui we saw nothing of
tlieui, or any indication of lund in the vicinity.
I feel confident, us fur us respects their existence
in or near the longitude or parallel assigned them,
to ussert that they do not exist.
The last ice island was seen ill latitude 51 de
grees south. A few s|iecimens of natural his
tory were obtained and preserved during the
cruise.
As I conceive it would be unbecoming in me
to speuk of our arduous service, the report and
accompanying chart of our cruise must sneak
for us ; but I cannot close this report wilnout
bunging to your notice the high estimation
pi which 1 hold the conduct of the officers,
seamen, and marines, during this antarctic
cruise, the manner und spirit, together with the
coolness and alacrity with which they have met
the dungers and performed their duties. I trust
that they will receive from the Government
some gratifying notice of it. All 1 can say in
their favor would fall far short of what they de
serve.
I shall ever bear testimony that they have
proved themselves worthy of the high character
borne by our countrymen and the Navy to which
they belong.
I have the honor to be, sir, most respectfully,
your obedient servant,
CHARLES WILKES,
Comm'g Exploring Expedition of the U. S
To the Hon Jamkh K. Pai u>i>o,
Secretary of the Navy, Washington.
TO THE PUBLIC.
A false and garbled statement having been
given by some of the presses and letter-writers
from this city, us well as by W. Montgomery.
relative to the difficulty between himself and
myself, and that matter having undergone in
vestigation in a court of law, I hereby lay before
the public facta, as proven on the trial, that every
one who feels any interest in the affair may
judge impartially and correctly.
As to the correspondence between us, which
led to the difficulty, the whole of it was pub
lished in the Globe of May 30th, and to it 1 in
vite the attention of every oue who wishes to
know who was to blame in the first instance.
It was for the abusive language used in his
letter which appeared in the Globe of May 29th,
that I personally chastised him on the next day.
My object now is to show to the world that in
giving an account of the affair he published a
statement, which events have since proven to
be false. On the :10th of May, immediatelv af
ter the difficulty, he had prepared for the Globe,
and had published in the paper of that evening,
the following statement:
Washington, D. C., May 30, 1810.
Messrs. Hi.aiii ani> Rivkh;?I must ask that you
will publish the whole of the letters ot'K. Kayner and
myself in your paper this evening, with a statement of
what occurred in the Capitol tni* day. When the
House took a recces, hut while still-in session, I left
my seat, passed through the hall to the post office, de
posited some papers, to Is- sent to my lodgings, and
was going through the pas age to join my company in
the Rotunda. A man who was standing, or meeting
me, in the passugc, seized me by my right arm, and at
the same moment struck me a blow with a large cane,
without my knowing who inflicted it. I turned round
and discovered that it was my colleague, K. Rayner,
with a large cane, which afterwards turned out to be
a sword cane. I struck him with a small cane I had
ifi my band, not as large as my finger, which broke
into several pieces the first blow 1 struck. A fight en
sued between us for some time, until we were separat
ed ; lie with his sword cane, and 1 with a smi.ll piece
of my cane. 1 have no doubt my colleague had placed
himself there for the purpose of attacking me. I had
no sword cane or arms of any kind, not supposing that
my colleague Would be guilty 'he cowardly alleinpi
at assassination, in which, I fear, from his conduct, I
was mistaken. Had I anticipated this attack. I might
Iih\c been prepared. His conduct has been that of a
mean, cowardly scoundrel; first, in attacking me
through the columns of the Globe, and when his con
duct is there exposed, his only resort waa, not that
of an honorable man, but that of an assassin, way
laying, and without the slightest notice, with a wea
pon prepared for the pur|io?e. seeking to ta*e hi* re
venge, cut-throat like. From his cowardice, or some
other cause, he was unable to hurt me. He lost his
sword from his cane in the tight, which he loudlv
called for several times alter we were separated ; and
I broke my cane into many pieces over his head. He
has acted the part of a base coward and an unprinci
pled scoundrel. I proved the facts upon him. (See
the letters below.) He has therefore failed as yet to
injure me, while lie has, by his own conduct, disgraced
himself, by. waylaying and attacking me with a deadly
.weapon ; and I have inflicted chastisement u|H>n him
by breaking my cane oVsr his head, lie is, therefore,
welcome to all he has gotten so far, and to all he can
in any way gain hereafter. Yours,
W MONTGOMERY.
I published tin* following statement in the In
telligencer of June 2?the Editor of the Globe
having refused to publish it in his paper:
Horsn ok Rkphkskntatives, June 1, 1810.
Tu the F'tlilor of the Globe :
I wish to make, simply, the following statement
through the columns of vour paper. The letter, over
the signature of W. Montgomery, in the Globe of
May .>0, pretending to give an account of the difficul
ty between him and myself, is false, in the main ; both
an to facts and insinuations. The following is a true
statement of the case. I met him purely by accident,
in the door, on my way to the post office. I walked
up to him directly in /runt, and deliberately slapped
hi* jaws. Whereujion, he struck me over the should
er with a cone which lie held in his hand, and which
broke short off at the first blow. 1 then turned my
cane?which was a sword cane of ordinary sin-?
holding it by the lower end, and gave liiin a blow over
the head,striking hiin with the handle, or sword end.
In striking this blow, the sword flew out some distance.
I then repeated my blows three or four times, with the
lower or barrel end of the cane, until we were separa
ted?hi1 retreating back all the time. He struck me
but once, and that was when he broke his cane. I
diil not draw the sword from mv cane, or attempt to
draw it. I had him entirely within my |>owcr, nut I
did niit wish to inflict any material injury on him, and
should llavo desisted, alter slapping his jaws, had he j
not struck me with his cane. 1 have nothing further
to say. Yours, respectfully,
K RAYNER.
Such were tlic contradictory statements of
W. Montgomery and myself, in relation to the
affair?and happily lor the truth, events have
since occurred to test and prove which was cor
rect, his version or mine. If his statement he
true, then I ought to be a disgraced man; if my
statement be true, then he must forever stand
disgraced in the estimation of all honorable men,
for having published what he knew to be a de
liberate falsehood, for the purpose of attempting
to conceal his disgrace. Since the rencontre,
the grand jury of the ('ircutt Court for this Dis
trict presented me for an "assault and battery"
on the person of \V. Montgomery. At whose
instance this was done, 1 have not yet been able
to a certain. On the 16th June, the trial came
on, before Judge Dunlop?Francis S. Key, pro
secutor?both of them officers appointed l>y the
President, and both of them strong partisans of
this Administration. I submitted the case, upon
the evidence contained in the following state
ment, taken down during the trial, by my attor
ney, Mr. Richard S. Coxe.
Circuit Court of the District of Colliinitio,
for the j County of Washington, June Hi,
1840.
UNITED STATES r*. KENNETH ft AY NCR
INDICTMF.NT FOR ASiSAI l.T ?N|) BATTERY.
The defendant appeared, in obediance to the pro
oe?H of the Court, ami submitted to its judgment.
The Dintrict Attorney then produced, on !>ehalf of
the prosecution, Philip flaa*, who lieing duly sworn,
any* He waa present at the affray which occurred
between Mr Rayner, thV- traverser, and Mr Mont-1
Joinery, in tile Capitol, on Saturday, the 30th of May.
Mr Montgomery wu ptuwing t'roui the ilirection of
the }m>hI office ot the House of Representative* Mr
Rayner came through the middle door, and going to
ward* the |KMt office They met face to face, near
? he water aland. Mr Rayner had a cane in hi* left
hand He described the position of the cane ; it w??
held by tike left hand, near the head, which projocte.1
from him. Ah they OX*, Mr. Kayner, with lu* left
hand, which then held the cane, took Im*1<1 of Mr.
Montgomery'* right arm, and, at the name time, with
hi* own right hand, atruck Mr. Montgomery twice in
the cheek*. Cannot aay, rertainiy, vwiether his hand
was or w a* not clenched; hut, from the wound, be
lieve* hi* hand wa* open Mr. Montgomery disen
gaged hi* light hand, and, with a stint, struck Mr.
Rayner The ?tick hroke with the blow. Mr. Kay
ner. with hia right hand, seized the cane, which wa*
?till in hi* left hand, toward* the Miuall end, and struck
Mr Montgomery, At the first blow, the ?word,
which wa* at the large end, flew out, and the blows ]
which followed were inflicted with the barrel end of
the cane Could not di*tingui*li, particularly, the
blow* which |Mnwcd. Mr Montgomery had hi* hand
on Mr. ltayner * breast. Several person* rustled in,
and the parties were separated. Mr. Rayner did not
appear to wish to injure Mr. Montgomery; had he
been so disposed he might have done so
The Hon. George H. Froffit was then sworn on
behalf of defendant. He Htated that he was in the
neighborhood of the scene, and, hearing a noise, went
to the place. Saw Mr. Rayner and Mr. Montgomery
in conflict. Mr. Montgomery had hi* hand on Mr.
Ravner's breast. The latter had the scabltard or bar
rel-end of a sword-cane in his hand, with which wit
lie** saw him strike Mr Montgomery one or two
blow*. The parties were speedllv separated Mr.
Kayner appeared cool and coni|Hi*ed, anil inquired for
the part of the cane which he hail drVipiNil. In an
swer to a remark made to him by witness, that as the
tiling had occurred, and would probably make xoiue
noise, he wished that he had left his marL Mr. Ray
ner replied, that he did not wish to injure Montgome
ry, but only to disgrace him, and had slapped his face
for having accuseuhim of falsehood. Witness thought
that Mr. Rayner might have hurt Mr. Montgomery,
had he been disponed. Mr. Montgomery appeared a
good ileal agitated and alarmed.
Mr. Ciixk observed, that he had nothing further,
on behalf of defendant, to lay before the Court, ex
cepting a publication made by Mr. Montgomery, in
the Globe of May 30th, the evening after the occur
rence, which contained Mr. Montgomery's statement
of what had passed, and the previous publication be
tween the purtie*. which exhibited the circumstances
of provocation which had led to the reneonter lie
asked the Court, in deliberating upin it* judgment, to
examine this publication, and estimate the provocation
which hail been offered.
Mr. Key, District Attorney, intimated hi* intention
to wait until Mr. Montgomery, whom he had sent
for, should arrive, when, he might determine, after con
sultation with him, whether or not he would lay lie
fore the Court any other testimony.
Some time after Mr. Montgomery appeared, and,
after some conversation with the District Attorney,
Mr. Key announced to the Court that he did not de
sign to offer any further evidence.
The foregoing statement was made by me, from
notes taken in Court, immediately after the examina
tion of the case, and is, 1 believe, strictly accurate.
RICHARD'S. COXE.
June 17, 1840.
Tiie United States
against
KENNETH KaYN'RII
Washington, Juno '23, 1840.
We hereby certify that we have examined the fore
going statement ot the evidence given by us, respec
tively, on the trial ot" the lion. K. Kayner, and the
Maine is a fair and t'ull statement ot" our evidence, an
given under our oath, before the Court.
GEORGE 11 PROFFIT,
PHILIP HAAS.
From the following certificate, from the Clerk
of the Court, it will be seen that these were the
only witnesses sworn on the trial.
Criminal Court of the District of Columbia, titling
for the County of Washington.
June Term, 1HI0.?Indict
ment for an assault and
battery on William Mont
gomery? 10th 'June, the
cane submitted to the Court
17th June, Judgment,
that the Defendenl pay a
tine of $50, and costs of
J prosecution.
It appears from the Minutes of the Court, in the
above cause, that Philip Haas was the only witness
sworn on the part of the prosecution, and the Hon.
Mr. Protfit the onlv one in defence.
Test: WILLIAM BRENT, Clerk.
On this evidence, which was uncontradicted
by Montgomery?who was sent for by F. S.
Key, the prosecuting attorney, and refused to be
sworn, after a close and secret conversation with
him for some time?1 was sentenced to pay a
line of fifty dollars.
The foregoing evidence speaks for itself. It
proves tliitt the aforesaid Montgomery quietly
submitted to personal chastisement, and then
attempted to cover his disgrace by using towards
me low and abusive epithets, and by publishing
a statement which he knew to be false, and to
which he refused to swear, when brought into
court. I ask the public to compare the uncon
tradicted evidence in the case, as given in a
court of justice, with Montgomery's account,
both of the manner of attack and of his uirnhr
roism, as contained in his letter of May 30; and
the only comment I have to make is, that I re
gret exceedingly the necessity which compels
me to trouble the public further with this matter;
and regret still more the necessity which com
pelled me, in the first instance, to lay my hands
on such a wretch.
K. RAYNER.
Washington city, July 'JO, 1840.
A GREENLANDER'S REMARKS ON THE
BEING OF A GOL).
A missionary being in company with some
baptised Greenlanders, expressed his wonder
how they could formerly lead such useless
lives. One of them replied as follows: " It is
true we were ignorant heathen, and knew no
thing of God or a Savior ; and indeed who should
tell us of him until you came 7 Hut you must
not suppose that no Greenlander thinks of these
things. A kajak or boat, with all its tackle,
could not come of itself, but must be made with
great labor and skill, atid one that does not un
derstand it would directly spoil it. Now the
meanest bird requires more skill to form it than
a kajak; and no man can make a bird. Rut
there is still greater art in making a man?who
was it that made him ! I thought lie proceeded
from his parents; but some must have been the
first parents; whence did they come? Com
mon report says they grew out of the earth. Rut
if so, why did not men still grow out of the
earth ? And from whence this same earth itself,
the sea, the sun, moon, and stars come 7 Cer
tainly some being must have made all these;
and fie must be greater, wiser, and more know
ing than the wisest man. Hi- must be very
good too, because every thing that he has made
is good, useful, and necessary for u?. Ah. did
I but know him! Rut who has seen him ? Who
has spoken with him? None of us poor men.
Yet there may be men, too, that knows some
thing of him. O, could I but speak with such!"
"Therefore," said he, "as soon as ever 1 heard
von speak of this great Reing, 1 believed it di
rectly with all my heart, because I had so long
desired to hear it."
" Where was Amos Kendall durinc the last war
is a question we are often asked We cannot tell.?
It is stud he was in Massachusetts at the commence
ment of the war, but his health was so bad hi could
not march to the tented field, and with a view to re
cruiting his health, he commenced a journey on foot
to Kentucky ; and about the termination of the war
was found in Mr. Clay's woodland pasture, near this
city, lying beside a log, Mr. Clay being from home,
Mrs. Clay had him taken to the house and nursed un
til he regained his health, which he vcrv soon did af
ter peace was made His gratitude to Mr. Clay for
aiding to conclude the treaty of peace at Ghent, and
to Mrs Clay for nursing him, as the " whole world"
knows, was unbounded?I,ti .Ohr
TO THE CITIZENS OF THE DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA.
' KcloM\.of ,he of Congress, and of
"availing eflorts to nerve your interests, admo
nish me, a* a duty alike to you and to my tell, to
cf>u T, y?U, wh" foUo^- the
' !"y Ju",itic?ioa W found in a
tire in f* n l? T who have ,w Representa
tive in Congress, whose interests wen- in part
?ub,,,,ri,?!.rch,w anJ whoi< I???
Kr,,'""""?1"' ??? y .....de
Il"U or desire, ihf
of the House, associated with those on the com
inittee who manifested every desire to give a
cab., and impartial, and just e>am,?at,on to aU
i huMness re'erred to their investigation. Hut
a House ot Representatives composed of a ma
I p ,n<'m 'r* H't'i-ally friendly to tin- Na
tional Executive, and reflecting faithfully all the
bitter feeling of that head of the Govern'me, to
a who are llot slavishly subservient to his i,H
nd his nersonal and political interest, wetr alike
dea to the voice of the District Coin,ni?ee and
ten miles?sq uare "*' ^ 'h* P?* ?f ?'"*e
U was known that the roice of the DUtrici if
months session, grant a single request of ?| e
committee, or even give a single request or mra
orres'T" decent
,1,1 "ul consideration.
unava'ilUng ?'fo2d'lhein all
! ?.i ?i V legislature lor the District and
Ultlii the fullest knowledge ,,f sentiments of
I eople of this District in relation to the va
nous measures-,his (thus,Z ', fuSf
and hus udv.sedT whilst ,hey were voclWou'
tiles sei aaMa,|0ry ?,bou,.,,,eir Republican priru.j.
J ts stt all the obligations of the Constitution
this respect, a, ,1, fiance. Not only did they
disregard e very principle of republicanism in re
He."? " ! ,ey t,1C \V'11 of people of this Dis
ict in relation to their own measures and busi
Sv to refu'"iSn ,HO,,K" wl,? hav'' ,h"
V ,Vi allegiance to Martin Van Bi -
HtN, they Went counter in their vindictive feel
ings to their own pretended principles efuse J
to recharter the banks of the District which had
not suspended specie payments and Jain
refused to recharter the banks generally with
resuni'e "sne i ^ -hould* imSSi^ y
resume specie payments. With a malurna.it
pleasure they seemed to revel in their work of
rum and destruction, in serving the President
and maintaining their principles; principles is
?tl lo a third reading a bill trt abolish the present
charter of the city of Washington, and to caule
a new election for Mayor of the city to be held
onlv i few'w '' ['e?aUSt' "'r.l,VtTl- hatl elected
only .i Itw weeks ago a Y\ hig Mayor to serve
,vo years from the day of that election ? and
containing, besides, features virtually KriVS
ivery master from control over his servaut
nr'1' ,' "? ~ne |,ut an abolitionist could have
Of the rn Jac<)bin have supported.
Of the \ an Buren party in the House of It,
presentat.ves there were some honorable exeen
lions to he destructive course of their party -
Others of them too were driven on ... liar and
trembling by the lowest demagogues of their
party, not daring i0 make an effort to stay the
influence which controlled them.
I nder whatever disguise of reasons Congress
were Sly con'tr V Tthost' w,,io1'
wer? really controlling on their action.
I nronn, tpe?p of Georgetown I will say, that
I prepated a favorable report on their memorial
for letrocession to Maryland, which 1 would
have made to the House if I could have suc
DisSVbusT,?!ng " 7 ?et1nl,art for considering
nlforded I shoiiTi'i"" had an opportunity been
n orueel | should have been in lavor also of the
' "H e ?' Alexandria for re-union to Virginia
u ill not lengthen this communication by offer
ing reasons lor such conclusions.
I shall endeavor to be relieved, at the next
Co nS/Tl,?8";" -,mmg "" "* ?'?" i
?.oinmitt? e. I his desire on my part snrinifs
from no want of solicitude about your welfafe
?fJirSS", n ful1 conv'r,i?n that I
IH) ir l?,rn |r (,u"eas mu'''' serv'cc to
,11 I),s,nt' w,thout being in the committee at
?"? Very respectfully,
, WM. COST JOHNSON*.
?? AyitiNCTON, July 2'J, 1840.
Tketotai.ihm.?A sight, such as was never
before witnessed in Chalvey, occurred on Tues
day last, on tlie occasion of an individual, a car
penter by trade, and formerly notorious for his
drunken habits, having invited a large | arty of
fellow-members of the Windsor Temperance
Society to commemorate the anniversary of bis
joining tbat association. lie had newly white
washed the front of his cottage, and displayed
011 it, in full length, the word "teetotal" in large
letters, ornamented with laurel, (lowers, &c.?
The interior of the cottage also presented a
goodly appearance?the table being well supplied
with coffee, cake, tea. bread and butter. The
whole bore ample testimony to the salutary in
fluence his new method of procedure has ex
erted upon himself and these about him. After
tea theparty adjourned to the school room, where
a meeting of the teetotalers took place, which
was attended by many reformed characters who
have joined the association since its formation.?
IViniliior Journal.
So ire *a\j.? We cut the following Irom the
column of an exchange paper, the other day, but
have forgotten what one :
dire me your arm.?We note in some of
the papers a disquisition upon the propriety of
ladies takinp the arm of those gentlemen with
whom they walk. We coincide with the majo
rity that it is perfectly proper and correct. A
lady should never walk with a gentleman of
whom she is either ashamed 01 afraid, and as
ftis company is required frequently, as much for
hi> protection as for his society, we cannot see
a single valid reason why she should not accept
his arm. As one of our exchanges observes,
they cannot say she is engaged to any individual
one, provided she walk thus with all; and walk
ing thus, she could evidently enjoy better pro
tection, keep up the current of Conversation
with less interruption, and yet not necessarily
infringe one single rule of delicacy or Military
reserve. We go in for it by all means, and hope
it will become as fashionable, as it is natural,
and must prove advantageous.
MR. CLINTON TO MR VAN HI'RKN
" It i* rumored that you wish to he a|?|>ointcd an
ambassador to an F.uropenn court The inhabitants
of the old world will l>e an*ioni? to lieliold ihe sucee*
aor to the Adam* ?. the Pinckncy* and Franklin'*,
and they will ser wliat '?a i?olitiral Krnnalkin?-pur
ring over petty m-heinea--looming over sinister strata
gem*, without elevation of mind or dignity of cha
racter."
THE LEAIINED BLACKSMITH OUT
Tin1 country lu?s heard of Euut Buutnr,
lite I.earned Hlarksviith, uf Mast., auJ our
readers cannot have forgotten Gov. Everett
eloquent account of III* wonderful attainment
in one of his orations at a New Kn^land Col
lege anniversary. During the intervals of daily
toil he lias become learned in wiue fifty 'an
guages. lie still lal>or- at his trade a- a black
smith. The exigences of the country, however,
have called him from his anvil, and we learn liy
the Worcester Spy that he took part ill the Log
Cabin raising in that city, on the 17th June, and
made a highly eloquent appeal to the industriou
classes of the country. \N e annex an extract or
two:
Working Men or Nkw England! 1 ani
triad to sec and meet you at this interesting
time and place. 1 am this day prouder than
ever of these marks in the palms of my hands.
which I have home from my youth, and which
I xhall carry down with me i<> ibe ({rave?the
incontestable proofs that I have been and am
what I am proud to be. a forking man. 1 es
teem it the highest honor and privilege that ha.-,
yet been conferred on me during my short ca
reer, to be permitted to speak to you on this glu
rious occasion. Saving my hopes in Heavt n, 1
have never, in all my busy days and nights, in
all the reveries of my imagination, in all im
'?longings after fame," never have I had an as
piration that reached above or beyond the hope
of seeing you instated into all the honors and
privileges of moral, intellectual and civil being-,
the privileges of fieemen ! Brethren of the hard
and horny hand ; as opposed as it may be to my
! natural tastes and habits to speak in public, yet
j if I ever see such dastard and drivelling drones
I as Benton and Buchanan plotting to sell for a
| mere mess of poltage, these your high de?tinie??,
' these your indefeasible j atriinony and birthright
?if I stand bv and "care not for the affliction of
Joseph," or forget lo open my mouth t > plead
your cause, ihen let this blistered right hand
'forget its cunning," and my tongue be stilled
in everlasting silence. 1 rejoice that you have
come hither this day, to tell the unprincipled
conspirators against your liberties, thai they sad
ly mistook their men, when they thought to
transfer the stout and stubborn sons ol New
England, to the miserable degradation of serf
like bondage. 1 am proud to see vou in your
places; not "with helmets all unbraced," but
with all your armor on ; ready to assert and de
fend your appropriate and inalienable post of
honor, the life-guards of our Constitution and
In i rs.
We annex the concluding passage of his
speech, and regret that we have not room for
the whole of it:
When Hunker I fill sent forth its thunders, it
is said that the echo was heard among the rocks
and dells of the (ireen Mountains, and upon the
tops of the Alleghanies. 1 remember an anec
doie'souiewhat illustrative of this. I once heard
two veterans, in old Berkshire, speaking of the
glorious seventeenth?not this 17th, bui the
other 17th. Said they: ' We were hoing corn
out here in the lot; and we tried and tried to
work but we could not do it. We then stopped
and leaned upon our hoe handles, and began to
talk about our country. And while we spoke of
its rights, ol American liberty, our hearts burn
ed irithin us. And we listened, for we thought
we heard something. By and by, a low, heavy,
booming sound, came rolling anu rolling on over
the mountains, and it came over our cornfield,
and the earth shook a lift jrembled, and the
ground began to move under our feet, and be
I fore we were aware we found ourselves way out
on the other row. And then we stuck up out
hoes in the furrow, and went over to old Zac
Bigelow's, mid ire told him to lend us his gwn."
If New England should speak as she ought, an
other such sound would go out over all this laud,
and thousands of our cheated fellow country
men, who have so long followed the ruinous
ploughshare of this administration, would find
themselves, ere they were aware, on another
rntr. And when, at the expiration of four years,
they should have hoed out that rmr, they would
come round again, infallibly and instinctively,
on the NORTH BEND !
/?'rum the lTnited Slut en Gazette.
Some lime since, a handbill was circulated iit
Pittsburg, charging Mr. Tappan, United Slates
Senator from Ohio, with using language like the
following:
" The price of labor is entirely too high. The
laborer in this country can alTord to work for
eleven pence a day. and the hard money system
will bring down the wages to that sum. W heat,
also, will come down to sixteen cents a bushel,
and every thing else in proportion. This is the
best tariff you can have, and the only one thai
will enable the manufacturers to compete with
England. The Sub-treasury will effect both oh
jects ; it will put down the banks, and brim;
every thing else down."
Some friend of Mr. Tappan sent to him the
handbill, and asked whether it was Hue; to
which that gentleman replied :
" Why, then, waste your time in contradict
ing such prolific liars ! If you put down one lie.
they have a hundred more to take its place. My
rule is to disregard them. / never contradict
them ; they have certain slock stories about me,
which, if they believe^ no Democrat will, on
their authority, when nine hundred banks, with
their immense means, are openly at woik in
establish in power the old Federal party, when
we are contending for great principles against
those who dare not avow theirs. The John I).
Davis fabricators or endorsers of slander of such
men as ME, should not divert you for a moment
from more important labors."
Mr. Tappan, it will he seen, ventured not to
deny that he had used such language; that
would he lo call up some one who may have
heard him. He contents himself with cnllinc
certain persons liars generally and not particu
larly. Having craded the charge, Mr. T. as
serls that vine hundred banks are openly at
work to establish old Federal principles. Now,
this is an assertion which the honorable gentle
man knew was not true when he made it. He
calls certain persons i.iahh, and proves himself
to he one that is not afraid to make false as
sertions.
On the above the New York American says?
Sofaras we can yet understand this matter, it
would seem that Mr. Tappan <!id use the lau
guage imputed to him, in conversation, but not
in a public speech?and the affected denial, put
forth by the Albany Argus and others papers
with great earnestness, relates solely to his not
having used the language imputed in any tpeech
in the Senate. This unworthy subterfuge will
not escape the censure of the community any
more than the yet unwortliier subterfuge of Mi.
Tappan himselfin abusing his assailants instead
of disproving what they charge. For ourselves,
we b< lieve entirely that Mi. Tappan did use tin*
language imputed to bun.
| VVe understand that tins remark of Mr. Tap
pan was alluded to by Mr. <i. W Howard, at a
recent meeting in Towson town, Baltimore
county.and that afterward* a I . m o focoofthiscily,
lead a Idler Irom Mi. <'arroll, one o! the repn
senlativcs in < "ongress from this district, in
which lie sa\s hi substance, he had seen Mi
Allen (Mr. Tappan's colleague in the Senate)
and thai Mr. Allen told bun that Mr. Tappan's
attention had been culled lo this reputed remark
<if his and that lie ( Mr. T.) bad denied it. YVhere
is the denial I Mr. T. when called on by his
l/oco-foco brethren in 1'ittsburg writes that In
nerer contradict# them (the Whigs) and ihcre
fore does nut deny the truth of the report that
lie had made ibis speech. The remark wa
made in Sleubenville, (Ohio,) where Mr Tap
pan lives, and was published with ilnsMcmark
" // Mr. Tappan denie# it it trill proved
upon him" He has good reason t"i not con
tradicting it. ]
Population qf The return*, tindm
ihecensini taken by authority ?l th* Stale, show lh?
population to I* 719,0110