The Madisonian. [volume], October 09, 1840, Image 2

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THE MADISONIAN.
" 1 hart nften risked my life in theJttld in defence
of my country, and I shall to-moi roir ritk my political
lift in favor the Union iff the St alts."?( Vrtl on
the Missouri Question.)?Gkn. IIahkison.
" I do not, indeed, think it won be irrong lo make
all public officers account for ani tudtltn incrmte of
wealth."?Gen. Harrison.
?" I hare nerer laid claim to any other merit than
that iff entire deration to the e-iuse in which ire
were tngagtd, and a zeal that regarded at nothing
every personal inconrenience."'?Gen. ll&rriion,
" I deny, therefore to the Genet 11 Government, the
exercise nf any power but what it expressly giren to it
by the Constitution, or what it etsentially necettary to
carry the power expressly giren into effect."? General
Harmon.
" General Harrison it the only commanded in the
service to whom a Hritish army tw rendered during
the latt war."?Hon. J. R. Omit rwood's Utter to
Tho*. Allen.
" The Maditonian will overthrow the Administra
tion."?Globe, 1837.
erommunfcatfoits.
SPECIE CIRCULAR REVIEWED
NO. II.
In the preceding number, (after giving a general in
troduction to the subject, and an exhibit of the Specie
Circular it-elf for the sake of reference) our time wu
mainly consumed in establishing the palpable illegali
ty of any Executive in'erference whatever with the
functions of the Secretary of the Treasury ; and that
too whether he the Secretary be found, acting within
or without his prescribed sphere of action. This in
deed, may be said to hold in all cases Rut if that in
terference be shown (as easily it can) to be in a case,
entirely without the Secretary's legitimate sphere ; and
be, withal, openly assumed against the light of know
ledge, as well as contrary to the. practice of the go
vernment, then truly must it be conceded by all, that
such proceeding, was not only an assumption of un
authorized power in the then Executive, but an inde
fensible assumption of such power.
Having secured, or at leasf attempted to secure, the
grounds already taken, we shall now propose to ad
vance the discussion to other grounds. And in so
doing the first object of attention will be, to exhibit
the true merits or demerits, of the measure in itself,
considered with reference to the laws and Constitu
tion of the country.
It now appears with certainty, that before the Specie
Circular was issued, the opinion of the Attorney Gen
eral of the United States was called for by the Presi
dent, as to the legality of such a step; whether for the
honest purpose of obtaining more light on the subject,
or, with a view of finding how far the proposed mea
sure could be legally, or colorably reconciled to the
mere letter of the law, without reference lo its spirit,
we leave to be infered from the circumstances of the
case. But, certain it is, the opinion was called for,
and that officer p.onounced, that the Secretary [by
direction of the President we presume] had authority
by law to exact nothing but gold and silver in pay
ment of the public dues. This opinion was avowedly
based, as the Attorney General himself declares at a
subsequent time, when again called on by the Presi
dent in a similar case, (see the opinion of Mr. Attor
ney General Butler, published in the Globe, 9th
March, 1837, in relation to Rives' bill,) on the suppo
sed authority of the law or joint resolution of I81t>.
The law, of 1816, sir, (the Attorney General to the
contrary) we are bold to say, gives no such authority
to that officer: and it requires but little learning, and
but an ordinary share of sense to decide so plain a ques
tion. The act of 1810 says :
" That the Secretary of the Treasury be, anil he is
hereby required and directed to adopt such measures
as he mav deem necessary. to cause, an scum as mav be.
all duties, taxes, debts, or sums of money, accruing or
becoming payable to the United States, to be collected
and paid in (lie legal currency of the" United Stales,
or Treasury notes, or notes of the Hank of I lie United
States, as by law provided ami declated, or Ln notes of
banks which are payable and paid on demand in tlic
said legal currency of the United States; and that
from and after the SOth day of February next, no such
duties, taxes, debts or sums of money, accruing or be
coming payable to the United States aforesaid, ought
to be collected or received otherwise than in the legal
currency of the United States; or in notes ot banks
which -ire payable and mid on demajid, in the said
legal currency of the United States."
These are the words of the law, and the Attorney
General in the opinion already referred to boldly in
fers therefiom that as the word "may" is used in tjie
statute and not " shall," that he, the Secretary, is not
obliged to receive the notes of banks whose notes are
"payable and paid on demand, &c.; but may or may not
do so, at his or the President's good pleasure! This is
a mere quibble, unworthy of a high functionary,?and
as Mr. Webster has very truly said, altogether incon
sistent with the idea that there is another party to the
question besides the Secretary anil President?and that
party is the. I'cople.
The true mode of construing all laws is, according
to the will and intent of the Legislature at the time
the law was made. This intent, I have been taught,
is to be very carefully sought for by those who are to
act under its authority, and emphatically form* the
(treat Polar Star in all statutary constructions. We
are admonished by learned authorities, not less than by
plain common sense, that the mischief?the remedy?
and the reason of the remedy, shall he diligently
sought for an<l carefully brought to mind, whenever
we attem|>t to fix the true meaning of any doubtful'
law. In obedience to these principles, Ict^us inquire,
for a moment into the state of the finances, and of the
country, immediately preceding, and up to the time
when the act in question was passed. And truly may
it lie said,'that all who are conversant with the matter,
whether by reading, or the still more impressive lesson
of experience, know that when thr act of 1816 was
culled into being, it was, without controversy, a period
of great confusion and uproar in the moneyed com
munity. We have a forcible and striking picture of
the tunes in \1r. Webster's speech immediately prece
ding the passage of the law; and in Mr. Secretarv
Dallas' report to Congrc.t* we have still more authori
tative and distinct information. We learn from these
ami fram other good source*, that great inconvenience
and loss had t<een sustained by the Treasury in the col
lection of the public moneys Had all the notes offer
ed, and received in payment, been actually the notes
of specie paying banks, payable and paid on demand,
then had all things hern well in the public collection",
and there would not Have been the least occasion for
the interj??->ition of Pong'? s? ' Hut the case wis far
otherwise miH h of thr |>s|vr reeeiti-d into the Trea
sury came no* undt - tlIM .Wr,,*,..,, , little
en collected, pmeaaed n? ? slue whatever In order to
exclude this depeeeuir,1 ,,r , ?|0ele?s Mp> f, (oacreaa
|ta**r<i thr law
lleie ?? have a fair clear and iu|| understanding
of the rmNNU which lllote. I the National I .j-gial >iurr
to thf passage of that law And the reaann of the
law. h< t a great authority is " the lift of the law "
I And further?" Felix qui potuit re ram eognoecere
cmu*as." Equally plain is it, that oil who undertake
to expound and enforce it, ought k> look failhfiilly for
iU ?|urit and meaning; ao thai it? objects and aims,
and no more, may be understood and carried into eotn
|ilrir t ffect. It must surely have been fully known to
every man in Congress at that tune, that at no jteriod,
?ince the foundation of our free Governaient, had the
Secretary of the Treasury ever exacted gold and ailver
exclusively for any branch of the revenues. With a
full and unavoidable knowledge of that fact, Congreaa
merely attempt* to exclude the notea of non-specie
paying bank* , bunks whose notea are not paid in the
constitutional currency, on demand. Note# of banka
which are payable and paid on demand, are not only
not excluded or disparaged, but are placed by the word*
of the atatute precisely on the *auie ground with "gold
and silver," " Treasury note*," and " notea of the
United Ktatea Hank," each of which, by previoua
lawa, hud been pronounced a legal tender in the pay
ment of the public duea. The law of 1816 aaya?" ia
required and directed to adopt auch measures aa he
may deem neceaaary, to cauae, aa aoon aa may be," &r.
Surely no advocate of power, however he may be
enamoured of it? charms, or the "apoiU"' which lie
around it, will openly contend that the Secietary, by
thine teruia, ia not limited to auch mean urea aa are bona
HUt neceaaary to carry the law into effect. It wan by
no mean* the intent of the law, wanUinly, and with
out rcaaon, to oppreaa the citiien by depriving hiin of
the humble and convenient privilege of paying hi?
public duea, of whatever aort, in the paper of banks
whose notea " are payable and |uud on demand," &c.
in other word*, in money good to the citizen and equal
ly ao to the Government. And yet, strange aa it may
appear, the Secretary (by directiona of a President
calling hiiuaelf "democratic") did certainly cut off that
important privilege, ao fur aa the public land* are con
cerned. That officer waa surely never armed, nor in
tended to be armed, withjan unlimited power to receive
whatever aort of money he might, " by direction of the
President," deem proper, in deapite of law or cuatom ;
and to exclude whatever aort he might be " directed"
to refuae, regardleaa of the Irgialativc will or the com
mon right* of the people. The Secretary, it would
?Mm, ia to be made the lord parumount, whose sover
eign direction ia, in whatever way inclined, or " di
rected" to carry every thing before it, while the aacred
privilege* of the citizen are to be thruat out of remem
brance, or treated aa an object of mere aecondary con
sideration.
It in a settled doctrine, acarcely needing the pro
found and authoritative enunciation of a Marshall,
from a judicial bench, that " this,Governraent is em
phatically and truly a Government of the people. It
emanates from them; ita power* are granted by them,
and are to be directly exercised on them for their bene
fit.' Ami it is equally true, that not only the Govern
ment, but also all offices and powers derived?either
directly or indirectly?therefrom, are trust powers, to
be exercised with an eye-single to the good of the body
jHilitic, and limited, in all cases, to the subject matter
of, and to the laws governing that trust. Equally
plain aud wholesome is the doctrine, and, till of late,
the invariable practice of the Government, that in con
struing public |a>wers, none doubtful should, at least
without an over ruling necessity, be assumed by the
public servant; and the (lower that is not clearly given
hhould lie considered a* clearly withheld. We find
our late President Jackson, in hi* message of ltf35,
(a* well as on other occasions) stiongly declaring the
doctrine, however unfortunate he ma> soon after have
been, (ami indeed at all times) in giving that doctrine
a practical illustration.
Inconstruing the lawof IHlfi, soon after its passage,
we find the then Secretary of the Treasury (Mr. Dal
las) at no loss for its rightful meaning That able
and upright offirei very properly made discriminations
between the notes of one specie-paying bank and ano
ther, bur he never made any when the different notes
were at )>ar where offered The exercise of this ne
cessary discretion, so obviously enjoined upon him,
and without which no strict equality could have been
observed in the collection of the public moneys, ha*
been magnified by some into the assumption of un
limited discretion by him in making hi* public collec
tions. The Seuator from Missouri in particular,
(Mr. Benton,) in his very long speech touching the
specie circular (in the winter of '3?>-'7) has, "with a
bombast circumstance, horribly stuffed with epithet,"
but eni|>ty ot all sober sense, or sound argument, de
clared, oftener than once, that all the Secretaiies, from
lHIti up to the day he was speaking, have claimed and
exercised an unlimilrd discretion, in receiving <>r re
joctiny tin' notes of hanks which art- payable and paid
on demand. Why. then, Jul the thru Secretary *o
earnestly ask for tli?' law of 1816 1 I think the honor
able Senator, ami all who profess to think or to any
with him, are plainly mistaken. Neither Mr. Pallas,
Mr. Crawford, nor any other Secretary, prior to ihr j
year 1836, (or certainly 1833) ever claimed or exerci
sed any |>owern not reasonably necessary to make their
collectioiiH. Neither of those juatly distinguished men
seem to have l>een studious to know how much power,
by n literal and enlarged construction, could be exer
cised, but simply sought out what the duties of their
high office, the practice of their predecessor*, ami the
convenience of the people, required at their hands
Theirs was simply the best authorized mode of attain
ing one definite legitimate object?the collection of the
public moneys. At n later day, a Secretary (by di
rections) has other objects to be attained," some of
which arc of a legislative order; and some others, of a
strain even higher than the legislative function itself,
pertaining only to the |>eoplc themselves in their origi
ginal sovereign capacity ; and not in any wise to be
assumed without a solemn grant from them A fur
therance of the discussion will be attempted in the en
suing number.
VIRGINIUS.
The Secretary of the Treasury tfives the
amount of outstanding Treasury Notes, on the
l--t instant, at $1,560,099 19.
It. FRANCE'S Old Established Prize Otlice,
Washington City.
rpHK grand capital prize of iJO.OOO dollars (No 1,
X 18, 74,) was sold at R. France's Ort'ii r, in the
New Jersey Lottery, ami the cash paid at sight
The following splendid Lottery will be positively
drawn on the l tth November
JGrSend your orders to R. FRANCE for the capi
tals.
ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY,
Class B for 1840.
To be positively drawn at Alexandria, (D. C.) on
Srturday, I Ith November, 1H40, under the sujs'rin
tendence of Commissioners
BRILLIANT SCHEME:
Grand Prizes $60,000, $30,000.
I prize of - $15,00 ?
, I do of - 10,000
I do of - 8,1)00
I do of - 7,000
1 do of - 6000
I do of - 5,000
I do of - 4,000
1 do of 2,500
I do of - 2,311
4 do of - 2 ()Ol)
5 prizes of - ?' I
10 do of - 1.9011
10 do of - 1,250
50 flu of I,INN)
50 do of - 500
50 do of |0()
1(10 do of - 300
100 do of - 250
170 do of - 200
Ac &
78 Number Lottery?16 Drawn Ballots.
Whole tickets S?20, Halves 810, liuarter* S5, Eighths
?8 50.
I Certificates of Package* of 26 Whole Tickets :ft2tiO
26 Half " 130
26 Cluarter " 65
26 Eighths " 32 50
J VOrdeTs for tickets arid Shares or < "ert.ficates of
Packages in the above Magnificent Lolienes will re
reive the most prompt attention, and an official account
I of the dr.iwing sent immediately after it is over to all
who order from R. FRANCE, Washington.
I -oct tf?2aw2w.
NEW II AM PBHIR&?SHE CAN !
Afler the splendid *utory achieved by the Whig*
of Maine tlitre in no reafciu to despair of New H*inj.
?hjr. Hhu will Uke bw stand Willi uJJ lit* other ?? w
England States in fa*Qf of ih* WW* *vi Uiiiata lot
the Presidency. To doubt, in to doubt the intelli
gence of her citiien* :?nay, more, ditwlie?? that
they (tossenn that instinct which teaches even the
meanest of creature* to desert a mnkin^ ship. It in a
banc liln'i upon their understanding! l'hc regenera
tion of the State in not a more ho|ieles* achievement
than wan the regeneration of Maine. Tho majority
U> overcome in scarcely largei than it wan in thai Slate
An effort like their* will do it. There are thousand*
in the Slate, we doubt not, an then' were in Maine,
who have hitherto voted with the Van Buren parly,
who are now ready to go with the Whig*. They arc
convinced that they have been minted and deceived
?that the men whom they have supported are corrupt
and dmhonent?and they will supp >rt them no longer.
They are satisfied thai there ahould and inuat Im> a
change They are nalinficd that Gen. Harrison ahould
be, and will be, elected. They will not proclaim their
conversion publicly; but it will be manifested, as it
has been in Maine, at the ballot-bol. It will be silent
but none the less effective.
The twenty-live thousand Whigs of New Hamp
shire, who came to the poll* at the election in IKiH,
have only to do their duty?to be out again in No
vember?and their allies will be with them, in suffi
cient numbers, as the ballot-box will proclaim, to in
sure the >< a glorious victory and a regenerated State ?
Ltorer [AT. //.) Enquirer.
THE PEOPLE v?. THE OFFICE-HOLDERS.
The following Stales have voted during the present
year:
Rhode Island?Electing a Whig Governor, Whig
Senate, and Whig House of Representatives, by over
whelming majorities!
Connecticut?Electing a Whig Governor and Whig
Legislature, by an increased Whig majority of nearly
five thousand !
Virginia?Electing a Whig Legislature, which will
elect two Whig Senators next winter. Whig majo
rity in the State about "2,000?daily increasing and
?iay reach 10,000 by November.
North Carolina?Electing a Whig Governor by
nearly nine thousand majority, and a vVhig Legisla
ture, with a majority of nearly 40 on joint ballol!
Louisiana?Electing a Whig Legislature and two
Whig memliers of Congress, with a >Vhig majority of
the popular vote of twenty-two hundred !
Indiana?Electing a Whig Governor bv upwards
of ten thousand majority, and both branches of the
Legislature Whig. "The feds too few to be counted.
Kentucky?Electing a Whig Governor by more
than fi fteen thousand Whig majority and two-thirds
of both branches of the Legislature Whig ! the Whig
Slate!
Vermont?Electing a Whi^ Governor bv ten thou
sand five hundred and fifty majority?five Whig mem
bers of Congress (all) and three-fourths of both
branches of the Legislature Whig ! A clean sweep!
Maine?The Star in the East?Electing a Whig
Governor, Whig Legislature, and four out of the eight
memlK'rs of Congress?being a Whig gain of Go
vernor, Legislature, two member* of Congress, and a
Whig Senator, to be elected next winter.
Alabama, .Missouri and Illinois alone have sustain
ed the Administration, and they by greatly reduced
majorities. In Alabama the Whigs have made a clear
gain of 32 vote* in the Legislature *incc last year.
What can resist the torrent of public indignation,
or avert the fate, which awaits the office-holders 7
Mr. Webster's Speech in Suffolk, A'. Y.
Thi* production contains some curious revelations.
The one touching General Jackson, wo commend to
the serious attention of tho editor of the Enquirer.?
We refer to the passage in which Mr. Webster says
?speaking of tho Nullification controversy?that
Gen. Jackson clasped his hand, and said ; "If you and
your Northern friends had not come in as you did.
Calhoun and his party would have crushed'me and
the Constitution." This is the speech of the "Great
est and Best," General Andrew Jackson, to Daniel
Webster. What say you to it, Citizen Ritchie?
"But for you, (Daniel Webster,) Culh'oun would hare
crushed me and the Constitution." Does not the editor
of the Enquirer, who was the coadjutor of Mr. Web
ster on that memorable occasion, deem some thanks
due to him for hi* important services? Surely, for
averting such a catastrophe as the crushing " me and
the Constitution," he merits some belter return than
kicks and cutTs and wholesale denunciation. Think
ot it, neighbor Remember past obligations ; and seek
not to repay them, as is too often done, by unkindness
? by slander and detraction.
Ohio.?An election for Governor, 19 members of
Congress, anil members of the State Legislature,
takes place in Ohio on the 13th instant. Thomas
Coiwin, late a member of Congress, is the Whig can
didate for Governor, and Wilson Shannon, the pre
sent Governor, is the Van Buren candidate. His
majority in 1838 was The candidates for Con
gress, so far as we are able to Btatc them, are subjoin;
ed
Dili rich- Whig- Buren.
1. N. G. Pendleton, Alexander Duncan,*
9, L. D. Campbell, John B. Wellcr,*
3. P. G. Good,* William Sawder,
4. Jeremiah Morrow, Benjamin Baldwin,
6. Thos. I. Shields, William Hoan,*
ti Calvary Morris,* George House,
7. William Russell. Allen Latham,
H Joseph Ridgeway, H'y N. Hedges, Sr.
!? Geo. Sanderson, William Medill,*
10. Samson Mason,* Matthew Bonner,
II B. S. Cowan, Isaac Parish*
V2. Joshua Mat)iiot, Jonathan Taylor,*
13. James Mathews,
15. S. J. Andrews,
17. John Hastings,*
18. Levi Cox, Ezra Dean,
19. Samuel Stokeley Win. C. M'Causlin.
* Member* of the present Cot.gress,
O. K. The following contradictory definitions of
O. K. are from the Baltimore Clipper. They are high
ly amusing:
O. K " Vat zey mean by ze letter O. K., vich I
see every day, almost iwo, tree, eleven times, in ze
lournal politique of ze day?" asked a French gentle
man in a crowd vcstenlay. ''I read ze grand national
atVair. and > rn I come to ze end I behold O. K! I glance
my eye to ze report of ze election, and he begin wiz
O K Every' tring has O. K?and 1 never shall
shall comprehend him."
"Why, *ir," answered one of the company, looking
very knowing, "it means oil korrecl."
"No, mounscer," says another, " it stands for orful
" You re mistaken," says a third, " it means oil for
Krrit
Wrong."exclaims a fourth, "the true meaning is
oil Confirm rtl "
"Not right" say* a fifth, "it means oil /complete."
" It means old Krnlutk'" says a sixth."
' No it isn't,'' roars out a seventh, who appeared to
lie a Cockney, "it i* orrid kolumity."
"That's wrong," says an eighth, "it means that the
iKilitic.il writers having exhausted all the words in the
English dictionary, have been coni|ielled to resort to
single letters to express themselves. Therefore it's
oil komprtleil
So the Frenchman was just a' wise as ever.
CONSERVATIVE STATE CONVENTION
We hail a most gratifying evidence this morning
that the ('onservative Stale Convention to l?e held at
Auburn, while it will infinitely surpass in number*
the former conventions held by " the sfiartan band" in
this Slate, will resemble them in the high character,
intelligence, and fervent patriotism by which they |
have uniformly been distinguished The delegates
from New York arrived m the De Witt Clinton early j
this morning. The'procession formed by them ax ,
they |?Mcd up State street *a? one of the moat impo- I
sing we ever witnessed It stirred up recollection*
and reflection* too deep for words. 1'he Empire
State rests under obligations to the^e men that can
never be too generously rewarded With the N Y
Delegation Senator Rives, of Virginia, and Mr. Le
gaie, of South Carolina, came as guests. Both of
these gentlemen, like Mr Talliuailge. have been hunt
ed down by the blood hounds of the Federal Govcrn
ment for following the dictates of an elevated sense of
right. Nobly have they been KUalmni-d, and their '
course vindicated by the \ oe-e of the People ' Their '
meeting with the Convention to morrow will lie a
proud Jay for ihem?and for all,?Alb Ere Jour.
AVom the .Nrir Hi mpthire Statuman
THE GRANITE STATE
tt SHE CAN! i? the emphatic response from,
every section of tin State The Tories are driven
from every State north ? f the Potomac and have
taken refuge in the fasti* see of the Hill, of New
Hampshire Lei it lie th' -glorious distinction of the
Whigs here, to dme them out and restore the State to
her ancient Whig character and standing
SPEECH OF OOV. BARBOUR,
At the (tyening of the Richmond Convention.
Frllpw-citizen?? I rise to ei^rea* to you my pro
found fusibility at the lu^tk honor which h?* be<n
upon uu by tin* vast **??ol my
ttountftoicu , an am tb<* lik?* wbk'b, whe
ther we look to number*, intelligence, or pat riot Mm,
ban not been wn before in this ancient Commonwealth.
II' the measure of Mr Van Buren'a glory ws* flUed
bv serving a master, how much more uiu*t mine be
(\ill to overflowing when failed U|ion U? aerve surli a
people. (Cheers) We are in the midat of the nioa
auspicious omens. Look at yon bright aky ; Heaven
ha* vouched u* a day winch there is no *peck to oh
?cure, like ihe purity of that character which we all
delight to honor '1 he day iUelf stand* high in the
American character?rendered illuatrioua by a vicWry
achieved by our beloved fellow citizen, Ifi'Uilln
Henry Ifarrison. 'l'he whole American people have
borne testimony to the distinguished service* which he
rendered, and 1 myself had the In.nor to bring forward
the first resolution which proposed to make a |>erpclua!
record of the achievement, and to proclaim him the
benefactor of his country. 1 hope that on thi< day
even the trading, slandering politician will stnjid re
iuked, and forbear by sacrilegious hand to era* the
record which his common country prepared for him;
and in lieu of which they have been endeavoring, by
means the most foul, to write infamy on his name
Bui, fellow-citizens, *ye are assembled for infinitely
higher purpose* than these. We are heie to con
cert measure*, under the blessings of Providence, to
drive the spoilers from office, to substitute honest men
in their places, and to bring the Government back to
that simplicity, economy anil integrity, without which
a Republican Government cannot exist; to drive
back the Eiecutive within the sphere designed for him
by the Constitution ; to reinstate the supremacy of the
laws, and to replace the Constitution on the eminence
from which it bus jieun cast down. This is the great
pur|>osc,as 1 understand, for which we have been gather
ed together. The spectacle now exhibiting through
out this vast countiy, and of which this constitutes so
distinguished a part, is the most august within the con
ception of the human mind ;?an entire nation?fif
teen millions of freemen sitting in judgment on the
misdeeds of their evil rulers; t bey "nave deliberately
inquired into the charges preferred; they have examin
ed the evidence; they have impartially decided, and
the Jiat has gone fortfi that those rulers are guilty.?
Look at the mighty heaving* of this vast people, whose
every surge is prophetic of the doom of tfiouc men
wli. have Itetrayed their trust.
When 1 look upon tliis assemblage, when I turn my
eye upon the various flags which I sec around me, 1
feel confident that Liberty herself is delighted loo look
down u|w>n the scene; arid that when she contemplates
these banners dedicated to iier cause, and thinks on
the still stronger hearts that surround them, she feels
that any attempt at her violation would be repelled with
ten thousand swords. But, my fellow citizens, let us
not disguise the fact, that, however auspicious the
omens ure, we have an adversary to contend with,
powerful and subtle and formidable, on account of the
means of corruption and usurpation which he possess
es, and the manner in which he employs t^em. I
thank God we have virtue and knowledge. Many
illustrious patriots have gone forth with the gospel of
liberty in their hands, which they have proclaimed to
the inhabitants of the hills and valleys; and to which
every where there has been a response cheering to the
hearts of freemen. But let us beware of too much
confidence, which is frequently but anothci name for
defeat. Let every man consider himself the defender
of the constitution and the laws; let every man de
pend on bis own exertions; let him night und day
appl_\ himself to the great work ; let him consider every
sacrifice as dust in the balance compared to the great
prize tor which we are contending. With this we
shall have nothing to apprehend. The result is inevi
table.
But'let me address myself to Virginians particularly.
The adversary are about to take means, not, as may
be sup|H>scd to affect the great question, but to save, it'
possible, this ancient and honorable commonwealth
from-the general defeat. Virginia, let it be said with
sot row and with shame, casting for a moment her
former glory into dark oblivion, did once suffer her
honors to be trailed in the dust when she permitted
herself to become the tail to Martin Van Buren, Ken
dall and Company. But she feels the degradation to
which she has been reduced. She lias made an effort
to cast off the abominable slough of Van Burenism,
and to come out again in her original events, whose
moral influence whs felt throughout the United States,
and Virginia was hailed as returning to her first love.
Let us then, as w ith one heart, unite and advance, un
til she shall regain her |iosiiion in the Constellation of
States, and become again the standard bearer of
Lilierty. (Loud and long continued cheering.)
Finally, tellow-citizens, 1 pray to God that our
councils may be directed by wisdom from above, and
thaj our exertions may be crowned with success to the
uttermost of our hopes
EXTRACT FROM TUB SPEECH OF MR.
WEBSTER AT RICHMOND.
But 1 confess there in one tiling which has disturbed
the serenity of my mind. It is what appears to be a
studied attempt, uii the part of this whole Administra
tion, including its head, to I'll a spot upon the good
name of the early founders of our Constitution Read
the letter of the President to some of his triepds in
Kentucky?to what he calls "the entire Democracy
of Kentucky." (1 should like much to know wliut
constitutes the Democracy of a State. These good
friends of the President write to him that the entire
Democracy of the State is with liini; and he writes
back how happy he is to hear that such is the fact.?
The State comes to the vote and two-thirds of the peo
ple of the State are found to be against him ; yet, still,
lie clasjis to his breast, Willi exultation; the "entire
Democracy of Kentucky !") [Great laughter and
cheering.] And so it will lie a month hence. Gene
ral Harrison will have been elected by a simultaneous
tush of the free voters of the whole Union ; yet. Mr.
Van Buren will still clasp to his embraces the " entire
Democracy" of the country. Be this as it may, he
does, in that letter, ascribe to President Washington,
in 1*71)1, and to Mi. Madison, in lWlli, corrupt mo
tives for their public conduct. 1 may forgive this, but
I shall not Ibrgrt it. 1 ask you to read that letter, and
one other written on the occasion i and then, if it comes
in your way, 1 ask you to peruse an address put forth
by the Administration members of the New \ ork Le
gislature. What do you think I hey say 1 You, coun
trymen of Jellerson and of Madison, of Henry, of
Wythe, of the Lees, and a host of kindred spirits of
the same ordei?you who inherit the soil and the prin
ciples of those men who shed their blood for our na
tional inde|iendencc?what do you think they say of
your fathers and of my father 1 Why, that in all their
efforts and sacrifices in thai great struggle, they meant,
not independence?not civil liberty?not the establish
ment of a Republican Government?but merely to
transfer the Throne from England to America, and to
be themselves Peers and Nobles around it! Does it
not disturb the blood of Virginians to hear language
like this? (Cries of " Yes, yes !" mingled with cheer
ing.) I do say that this attempt to scorch the fair, un
sullied reputation of our ancestors--but no, no?they
cannot scorch it; i( will go through a hotter furnace
than any their detraction can kindle, and even the
smell of tire shall not be upon their garments. Yet it
does raise one's indignation to see men?certainly not
the greatest of all benefactors of their country?thus
attempt to scorch the fame of men both then and ever
since universally admitted to have been among her
greatest and her best of friends. (Cheers.)
Gentlemen, I cannot forget where 1 am. I cannot
forget how often you have heard these subjects dis
cussed by lar abler hands than mine, (cries ot no, no?
none more able?go on?go on ) 1 will not farther
dwell ujion these topics. l'lic time has come when
the public mind is nearly made up?and are very short
ly about to settle those questions, together with the
pros|>erity of the country, tor many years to come.
(Cheers.) 1 am only desirous of keeping myself to
the line of remark with which I commenced. 1 say,
then, that the enemy has been driven to his last cita
del. He takes to himself a popular name, while be
neath its cover he tires all his abuse ujion his adversa
ries That seems to be Ins chief mode of warfare If
you ask him what are bis pretensions to the honors
and the confidence of the country, Ins answer is, "I
am a Democrat. Bui are you not inarms against Mr.
Poinsett s bill ? 1 lie answer still is, I am a Demo
crat, and support all the measures of this Democratic
Administration '' Yes, but what is that ? " I am a
Democrat But oo you approve of iIip turning out
of the members Iroin New Jersey 1 "Oh yes, be
cause the words are written on our banner, (words
actually placed on one of the Administration Hags in
a procession in tUuo,) " Democracy scorn* the Hroad
Seal of .V'ir Jirt.it/
Mv Iriends. I oiilv desire that the ptofessions and
principles ot this Administration may be examined.
VV e are coming' to those limes ? hen lucre professions
can no longer deceive. Virginia has once been de
ceived by them?but that day i- past, times are com
ing? they are. I tiuit, just at hand?wlien' that dis
tinguished -on ot V irginia, that eminent and patriotic I
citizen who has been put in nomination for the Chief
Executive office under this Government, will lie elected I
by the unliought, unconstrained suffrages of his coun
trymen (Cheers ) To tint event I look forward
with as much certainty the duration of his life i
(Iiiimcnse cheering )
My acquaintance with the feeilngs and sentiments
of the North has been extensive: ami I Micve that
y
from Pennsylvania, Ea?t, New Jersey, New York,
and the whole of New England, with the eolitary ex
ception, probably, of New llampahire 1 aay, 1 have
?ot a doubt that thii whole country will to for the
?lection of WIUIhik Henry II?rn*on for the Presi
dency. (Cheering.) Of piy native Stale of New
Ham|?hin\ I *h?.l always ?peak with respect I be
lieve that the very foundation of her granite lulla begin
to ahake; (cheera) indeed, luy only fear for her ia,
that ahe will come into the great family of her sister
State a only when her ait! ia no longer needed. (Laugh
ter and cheera.)
Fellow citizens: We are on a gieat inarrh to the
triumphant victory of the principle* of liberty over
axeculive power. If we do not accomplish it, the
future, 1 own, appeara to me full of darkness and ol
doubt. If the American people ahall aanetion the
courae and the principle* of tlua adminiatralion, I for
one, though 1 have been thought hitherto of rather a
aanguine temperament, ahall begin not a little to de
ajiiitr of the republic. But I wilfnot despair of it.?
The public mind ia arouaed; men are U-ginning to
think lor ihemaclves, and when they do thia they are
not far from a right decision. There ia now an at
tempt on the part of the adminiatralion, who aeem be
ginning at length to fear for the perpetuity of their
power, to excite a feeling of acrimony and bitterness
among neighbor*. Have you not aeen thia |>articular
ly of late in the adminiatralion paper* 7 Be above it.
(Cries of" we will?we are," mingled with cheering.)
Tell your neighbor* that we are all embarked in one
cauae, and that we uiuat aink or swiui tugtlher. In
vite them, not in a taunting but in a generoua and
a temperate spirit, to come forth and argue the great
questions of the day, and to ace if they can give good
and Holid reaaona, why there ?hould not be a change.
Yea, a uu.noe. 1 *aul when I wan in Baltimore, and
1 repeat it here, the cry, the universal cry, ia for a
change. (Cheera.) However well many may think
of the motive* a nd design* of the existing adminis
tration, they aee ihut it no* not aucceeded in securing
the Well-being of the country, and they are for a
change. Let ua revile nobody?let u? rcjiel nobody.
They deaire but light; let u* give it to them. Let
u* discuss with moderation and coolnc**, the great
topic* of public policy, and endeavor to bring all men
ol American heart and feeling into what 1 sincerelv
believe to lie, the true Amehk:an cause. How shall
I?Oh ! how ahall I?express to you my sense of the
obligation which reat* upon thia generation to pre
serve from destruction our free and happy republican
institution*! Who ahall Mpread disientions among
us 7 Are we not together under one common Govern
ment, to obtain which the blood of your father* and of
mine wa* poured out together in the same hard fought
fields 1 Nay?doe* imagination itself, in it* highest
flight, suggest any thing in the form of political insti
tutions, lor which you would exchange these dearly
bought inst.tutions of our own 7 (Shout* of "No, no,
no! ) For my part, having now arrived at that pe
riod of life when men begin to reflect upon the past, I
love to draw around me in thought, those pure and
glorlou* Hpirits who achieved our Revolution. I can
not lind a deejier or more fervent *entiinent in my
heart, than that these precious institutions and liber
ties which we enjoy may be transmitted unimpaired
to the latest posterity?that they may terminate only
with the termination of all things earthly?when the
world itself s*iall terminate?
When rapt in flames the realms of ether glow,
And Heaven's lust thunder* shake the world below.
THK PICTORIAL BIBLE, being the Old and
New Testament*, according to the authorized
version, illustrated with many hundred wood cut*, re
presenting the historical events, after celebrated pic
lure*, the landscajie scenes, from original drawings,
or from authentic enslaving*, anil subjects of cos
tume nnd antiquities, from the best scenes, to which
ore added Original Note*, chiefly explanatory of the
engravings and of such passages connected with the
history, geography, natural history, and antiquities of
the Sacri'd Scripture*, as require observation, complete
in throe beautiful volumes, lately imported from Lon
don and for sale by F. .TAYLOR. Oct 2
rpwo YEARS BEFORE THE MAST? Be
A. ing a personal Narrative of a Life at Sea, in one
volume beinjj No. 1(M> of Hazier'* Family Library, is
this dav received, for sale by
sept '211
CAKUSI'S SALOON,
DANCING AND WALTZING ACADEMY.
LCARUSI respectfully announces to the Citi
? 7.ens of Washington and Georgetown, that he
will again open his Academy at the Saloon on the
13th October
Days of tuition?Tuesdays, Thursday* and Satur
days. Hours for Ladies from 3 to 5 ; for Boy* from
5 to 7 ; and for Gentlemen from 7 to !?. sept 25
DISSOLUTION.?The Co-partnership hereto
fore existing under the firm of SAMUEL DU
VALL & CO. was dissolved on the 14th inst. by mu
tual conHent. All persons having claims against the
said firm will present them to Samuel Duvall for pay
ment, and all iiersons indebted will make pavment to
him. SAMUEL DUVALL,
scpt29 3t THOM AS F. SEMMES.
" splendid lotteries.
D. S. GREGORY & CO. Managers.
VIRGIN IA STATE LOTTERY.
For the Benefit of the Monongalia Academy.
Class No. 8 for 1840,
To be drawn at Alexandria, Va., on Saturday, 3d
October, 1840.
GRAND CAPITALS.
30,000 Dollars, 10,000 Dollars.
5 000 Hollars I 3,070 Dollar*
3,500 Dollars | 3,000 Dollars
3,500 Dollars.
prizes of $1,500.??^[|
50 of $250?CO of $*200? 03 of $150-^03 of $100,
&c. &c.
75 Number Lottery?1'2 Drawn Ballots.
Tickets $10? Halves $5---Quarters $2 50.
Certificates of Packages of25 Whole Tickets $130 00
Do. ? do <25 Half do 65 00
Do. do 25 Quarter do 32 50
VIRGINIA STATE LOTTERY,
For the benefit of the town of Wellsburg,
Class No. 8, for 1840.
To Vie drawn at Alexandria, Va. on Saturday, 10th
October, 1840.
SCHEME.
35,294 Dollars!
12,500 Dollars?10,000 Dollars.
5,000 Dollars
2,500
1,975
3,000 Dollars.
2,000
1,000
$1,500?2 of SI ,250?2 of $1,200
20 Prizes of $1,000? -20 of $500?20 of $400?40
of $300?50 of $200?100 of $150?100 of $100,
&c. &c.
78 Number Lottery?14 Drawn Ballots.
Tickets $10?Halves $5?Quarters $2 50.
Certificates of Packages of 25 "Whole Tickets$l30
Do. du. 25 Half do 05
? Do. do. 25 Quarters do 32 50
VIRGINIA STATE LOTTERY,
For Endowing the Leesburg Academy and for other
purposes.
Class No. 8 for 18-10.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Va., Saturday, 24th Oct.
1840.
GRAND SCHEME:
30,000 Dollars, 10,000 Dollars.
fi,000 Dollars
4,000 Dollars
2,000 Dollars
5,000 Dollars
2,500 Dollars
1,7471-2 Dollars
25 Prizes of $ 1,000?25 of 5(H)?28 of $300?200 of
$200?02 of $100, &c.
75 No. Lottery?13 Drawn Ballots.
Tickets $10?Halves $5?Quarters $2 50.
Certificates of Packages of 25 Whole Tickets $130
Do do 25 Half do 65
Do do 25 Quarter do 32 50
VIRGINIA STATE LOTTERY,
For the benefit of the Monongalia Academy,
Class No. 9, for 1840.
To l>c drawn at Alexandria, Va., Saturday, October
31st, 1840
nnlM.IANT SCHEME.
40,000 Dollars! 15,000 Dollars!
5,000 Dollars I 3,000 Dollars
3,500 Dollars | 2,297 Dollars
50 Prizes of $1.000?50 of 8300? 50 of $200
130 of $150?65 of $200. A c
78 Number Lottery ?13 Drawn Ballots
Tickets only $10 ?Halves $5?Quarters $?'50.
Certificate of Packages of 20 Whole Tickets $130'
Do. do. 26 Half do 00
Do. do. 20 Quarter do 30
For Tickets and Shares or Certificates of Packugex
in the above Splendid I yotteries,?Bddress
D. S GREGORY dt CO Managers,
Washington, D. C.
Drawings sent immediately they are over to *11 who
order as above. sep >"?-law3wd&c
Rank op the Mrntoreua, \
Waskihotok ?<i>i?-iitl>rr M, l?40. {
AT a meeting of the Preaident and Directors, this
day, the following preamble and reaolMi?n were
adopted, vtx ?
Whereas, it in required by law that a general meet
ing of the Stockholders of this Institution shall tin
held within nix month* from the 3d day of July last,
for the purpose of deciding on the propriety of autho
rizing tin- President and Directors tneieof, tor the time
lieing, to file their declaration in writing, in the office
of the Secretary of the Treaaury, assenting to, and ac
cepting the extension of ita charter, as granted by the
act of Congress, passed on the lid day of July, iw-H),
entitleil " an act to continue the corporate existence
of the Bank* in the District of Columbia, for certain
purposes." Therefore be it
fltiolred, That a general meeting of the Stock hold
ers for the said purpose, and for the pur|Mme ofconsid
ering other subjects that may be submitted, be, and tlic
same is hereby accordingly called, for Monday theittli
day of November next, to Iw held at the Ranking
House of the Institution in this city, at 12 o'clock, im.
Extract from the minutes,
RICHARD SMITH, Cashier
sept 20-2awfiwif
ACAKD?In press and will be ready to deliver on
to-uiorrow or the next day The Second Edition
of" A WORD IN SEASON, OR REVIEW OK
THE POLITICAL LIFE AND OPINIONS OF
MARTIN VAN BUREN, addrawed to the entire
democracy of the American People, dedicated to 11 im
Tippecanoe Club* of the Union, by a Harhisos 1 ?k
MOCB1T."
The following extract* are taken from the notices
with which this pamphlet has been favored by the Na
tional Intelligencer and the Madisonian:?
" Without having an opportunity of reading it thro',
we have been enabled to look over it sufficiently to
perceive that it has lieen gotten up with great research,
and arranged with perspicuity and method, and pro
mine* to enlist considerame public interest, as a tert
book on the subject it treatB of."?Sat. Int., Sejit "J I
" Those who desire full and minute information
re?|iecliiig the life, opinions, arid political history of
Mr. Van Burrn, should procure a copy of the pamphlet
just published by Mr. Morrison of this city, entitled,
" A Word in Season," &c. 4c The author lias used
great care and industry in the compilation, and pre
sents his facts in a clear, methodical and interesting
manner."?Madisonian, "2'yth Sr/it.
Price $5 for 100 copies, S'li for 50 do , and $2 for
25 do.
\~j- Orders addressed to the undersigned, post paid,
will receive prompt attention.
Cr Friendly editors will confer a favor by giving
this an insertion. W. M. MORRISON
sept. 2*.). Four doors west of Brown's Hotel.
A PERSON wishing to make a permanent invest
ment of $9000 for about three years at six |>er ft.
on bond and mortgage and undoubted security, may
hear of a good o|>portunity by addressing a note
through the Post Office to A. H. Washington.
sept 34-3t
MAGNIFICENT HC1IKMRS.
FOR OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER.
I). S. GREGORY ?fe CO. Managers.
FIVE CAPITALS of 20,000 Dollars,
amounting to $100,000.
MARYLAND STATE LOTTERY.
Class A. for 1840.
To be drawn at Baltimore, Saturday, October 17th,
IM0
GRAND CAPITALS.
1 of 890,000
1 of 80,000
I of 90,000 I 5 of #20,000,
1 of 20,0(10 I making 100,000 Dollars.
1 of 20,000 J
1 of 10,120 Dollars ; 2 prizes of 5,000 Dollars ;
3 of 4,000 Dollars ; 4 do of 2,800 Dollars ;
10 of 82,000 ; 50 of $1,000 ; 60 of $500 ; 85 of
$400 ; 63 of $300; 63 of $250 ; 63 of $200 ;
63 of $100, &c. &.c.
75 No. Lottery?12 Drawn Ballots.
Tickets $15?Pelves $7 50?Quarters $3 75.
Certificates of packagea of 25 Whole Tickets $900
Do do 25 Half do 100
Do do 25 Quarter do 50
MOST SPLENDID
CAPITAL $60,000, also $30,000,
$15,000 and
Slrtern Drawn N umber* In each Package of 2ft
Tickets.
More Prizes than filanks.J^I
? ALEXANDRIA LOTTERY.
Class B, for 1840.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Va., Saturday, Novem
ber 14, 1840.
GRAND CAPITALS.
$60,000, $30,000, $15,000. $10,000,
$8,000, 87,000, $0,000, 85,000, $4,000, $2,500
$2,311 ; 4 prizes of $2,000; 5 of $1,750;
10 prizes of $1,500.
50 prizes of $1,000; 50 of $500; 50 of $100;
100 of $300 ; 100 of $250 ; 170 of $200 ;
124 of $150, &c. &c. dtc.
Ticket* only $20?Halves $10?Quarters $5.
Eighths $*2 50.
Certificates of Packages of 26 Whole TicketR $200 flft
Do. do. 26 Half do. 130 iki
Do. do. 26 Quarters do. 65 CO
Do. do. 26 Eighths do. 32 50
Jj" Orders for Tickets and Shares or Certificate!
qf Packages in the above Magnificent Schemes, will
receive the most prompt attention, and an official ac
count of each drawing sent immediately after it is ovei
to all who order from us. Address,
D. S. GREGORY <St CO. Managers,
sept l8-2awlwif Washington City, D. C.
R FRANCE'S OLD ESTABLISHED PRIZE
? OFFICE, Washington.
SPLENDID LOTTERIES.
Capital Prizes $100,000, $60,000, 40,000,
$35,000, $30,000.
All orders for tickets should be addressed to R.
FRANCE, Washington.
The cash will be paid for all prizes sold by Richard
France as soon as drawn.
MARYLAND STATE LOTTERY.
Class A. to be drawn October 17, 1840.
100,000 Dollars,^3
In five capitals of $20,000 each.
60 prizes of $500
85 do Kill
Iki do t ill HI
63 do * 250
(ill do 21 Mi
63 do 11m
Ac. &.c.
75 Number Lottery?12 Drawn Ballots.
Whole Ticketa $15?Halves #7 50? Quarters $3 75.
VIRGINIA STATE LOTTERY,
For the benefit'of the Town of Wellshurg.
Class No. 8, for 1840.
To be drawn at Alexandria, Va., Saturday, Ifttli < v
tober, 1810.
BRILLIANT SCHEME.
$35,234?$12,500?$10,000?$5,000?$2 500
$1,975?$3,000??2,000?$1,600, Ac
Tickets $10?Halves $5?Quarters $2 50
Certificates of packages of 26 Whole tickets, $l^(> 0"
Do do. 26 Half do 65 imi
Do. do 26 Quarter do 32 .'><?
VIRGINIA STATE LOTTERY.
For the benefit of the Monongalia Academy
Class No !? for 1810. '
Draws Saturday, October 31, 1~10
BRILLIANT SCHEME.
40 000 Dollars ! 15,000 Dollars ! 5.000 Dolls'
2,500 " 3,000 " . 2,2!>7 "
50 Pri7.es of #1 000
TickelsglO?Halves S5?Quarters $2 50
Certificates of packages of 26 whole Tickets, $120 <'* ?
Do. do. 26 half do ? <"
Do. do. 26 quarter do .'<0 00
rV For Tickets and shares or certificate# of pack
ages in ihe above splendid Lotteries, address
R FRANCE, ? anhington
Drawings sent immediately after thev arc over to * I
who order as above. *e|>i IB-2aw v?i pit
1 prize of $10,120
2 prizes of 5,(MX)
3 do 4,(KM)
4 do 2,800
10 do 2,000
50 do 1,000