The Madisonian. [volume], April 12, 1841, Image 2

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Prom mir Country Edition of Saturday.
TO THE PEOPLE OP THE U KITED
MTATEM.
Fellow-Citizens : Before my arrival at the
Seat of Government the painful communication
wai made to you by the officers presiding over
the several Department* of the deeply regretted
death of William Hbnmy Habbisom, late Presi
dent of the United Sutes. Upon him you had
conferred your suffrages for the first office in
your gift, and had selected him as your chosen
instiument to correct and reform all such errors
and abuses as bad manifested themselves from
time to time in the practical operation of the
Government. While standing at ihethreshhold
of this great work, he has, by the dispensation
of an all-wise Providence, been removed from
amongst us, and by the provisions of the Consti
tution the efforts to be directed to the accomplish
ingof this vitally important task have devolved up
on myself. This same occurrence has subjected
the wisdom and sufficiency of our institutions to a
new test. For the first time in our history the per
son elected to the Vice Presidency of the United
States, by the happening of a contingency pro
vided for in the Constitution, has bad devolved
upon him the Presidential office. The spirit of
faction, which is directly opposed to the spirit
of a lofty patriotism, may find in this occasion
for assaults upon my administration. And in
succeeding, under circumstances so sudden and
unexpected, and to responsibilities so greatly
augmented, to the administration of j ublic af
faira, I ?hall plan* in lbs intplligpnrp and patriot
ism of the People my only sure reliance. My
earnest prayer shall be constantly addressed to
the all-wise and all-powerful Being who made
me, and by whose dispensation I am called to
the high office of President of this Confederacy,
understanding^ to carry out the principles of
that Constitution which I have sworn "to pro- j
tect, preserve, and defend."
The usual opportunity which is afforded to a
Chief Magistrate upon his induction to office of
presenting to his countrymen an exposition of
the policy which would guide his administration,
in the form of an inaugural address, not having,
under the peculiar circumstances which have
brought me to the discharge of the high duties of |
President of the United States, been afforded to
me, a brief exposition of the principles which
will govern me in the general course of my ad
ministration of public aflairs would seem to be
due as well to myself as to you. In regard to fo
reign nations, the groundwork of my policy will
be justice on our part to all, submitting to injus
tice from none. While I shall sedulously culti
vate the relations of peace and amity with one
and all, it will be my most imperative duty to see
that the honor of the country shall sustain no
blemish. With a view to this, the condition of
our military defences will become a matter of
anxious solicitude. The Army, which has in
other days covered itself with renown, and the
Navy, not inappropriately termed the right arm
of the public defence, which has spread a light
of glory over the American standard in all the
waters of the earth, should be rendered replete
with efficiency.
In view of the fact, well avouched by history,
that the tendency of all human institutions is to |
concentrate power in the hands of a single man,
aud that their ultimate downfall has proceeded
from this cause, I deem it of the most essential
importance that a complete separation should
-? nfe j$c sword and the purse. No
T** 1UVU?Y? anuil ,.f.
deposited, so long as the President can exert the
power of appointing and removing, at his plea
sure, the agents selected for their custody, the
Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy is
in fact the Treasurer. A permanent and radi
cal change should therefore be decreed. The
patronage incident to the Presidential office, al
ready great, is constantly increasing. Such in
crease is destined to keep pace with the growth
of our population, until, without a figure of
speech, an army of officeholders may be spread
over the land. The unrestrained powerexerted
by a selfishly ambitious man, in order either to
perpetuate his authority or to hand it over to
some favorite as his successor, may lead to the
employment of all the means within his con
trol to accomplish bis object. The right to re
move from office, while subjected to no just re
straint, is inevitably destined to produce a spirit
of crouching servility with the official corps,
which, in order to uphold the hand which feeds
them, would lead to direct and active interference
in the elections, both State and Federal, thereby
subjecting the course of State legislation to the
dictation of the Chief Executive Officer, and mak
ing the will of that officer absolute and supreme.
I will, at a proper time, invoke the action of
Congress upon this subject, and shall readily ac
quiesce in the adoption of all proper measures
which are calculated to arrest these evils, so full
of danger in their tendency. I will remove no
incumbent from office who has faithfully and
honestly acquitted himself of the duties of his
office, except in such cases where such officer
has been guilty of an active partisanship, or by
secret means?the less manly, and therefore the
more objectionable?has given his official influ
ence to the purposes of paity, thereby bringing
the patronage of the Government in conflict with
the freedom of elections. Numerous removals
may become necessary under this rule. These
will be made by me through no acerbity of feel
ing. I have had no cause to cherish or indulge
unkind feelings towards any, but my conduct
will be regulated by a profound sense ol what is
due to the country and its institutions, nor shall
I neglect to apply the same unbending rule to
those of my own appointment. Freedom of
opinion will be tolerated, the full enjoyment of
the right of suffrage will be maintained as the
birthright of every American citizen, but I say
emphatically to the official corps, "thus tar and
no farther." I have dwelt the longer upon this
subject, because removals from office are likely
often to arise, and I would have my country
men to understand the principle of the Execu
tive action.
In all public expenditures the most rigid econ
omy should be resorted to, and, as one of its re
sults, a public debt in time of peace be sedulous
ly avoided. A wise and patriotic constituency
will never object to the imposition of necessary
burdens for useful ends; and true wisdom dic
tates the resort to such means, in order to supply
deficiencies in the revenue, rather than to those
doubtful expedients, which, ultimating in a pub
lic debt, serve to embarrass the resources of the
country and to lessen its ability to meet any great
emergency which may Iriae. AU sinecures
should be abolished. The appropriation* ahould
b? direct and explicit, so aa to leave u limited a
share of discretion to the disbursing agents as
may be found compatible with the public service.
A strict responsibility on the part of all the agents
of the Government should be maintained, an
peculation or defalcation visited with immediate
expulsion from office and the most condign pun
ishment.
The public interest also demands that, if any
war has existed between the Government an
the currency, it shall cease. Measures of a
financial character, now bavin* the sanction of
legal enactment, shall be faithfully enforced un
til repealed by the legislative authority. Hut
owe it to myself to declare that I regard existing
enactments as unwise and impolitic, and in a
high degree oppressive. 1 shall promptly give
my sanction to any constitutional measure which,
originating in Congress, shall have for it? object
the restoration of a sound circulating medium,
so essentially necessary to give confidence in all
the transactions of life, to secure to industry its
just and adequate rewards, and to re-establish
the public prosperity. In deciding upon the
adaptation of any such measure to the end pro
posed, as well as its conformity to the Constitu
tion, 1 shall reaort to the Fathers of the great
Republican school for advice and instruction, to
be drawn from their sage views of our system
of Government, and the light of their ever glori
ous example.
The institutions under which we live, my
countrymen, secure each person in the perfect
enjoyment of all his rights. The spectacle is
exhibited to the world of a Government deriving
its powers from the consent of the governed, and
having imparted to it only so much power as is
necessary for its successful operation. Those
who are charged with its administration should
carefully abstain from all attempts to enlarge the
range of powers thus granted to the several de
partments of the Government, other than by an
appeal to the People for additional grants, lest
by so doing they disturb that balance which the
patriots and statesmen who framed the Consti
tution designed to establish between the I' ede
{gl Government and the States composing the
Union. The observance of these rules is en
joined upon us by that feeling of reverence and
affection which finds a place in the heart of every
patriot for the preservation of union and the
blessings of union?for the good of our children
and our children's children, through countless
generations. An opposite course could not fail to
generate factions, intent upon the gratification of
their selfish ends; to give birth to local and sec
tional jealousies, and to ultimate either in break
ing asunder the bonds of union, or in building
up a central system, which would inevitably
end in a bloody sceptre and an iron crown.
In conclusion, 1 beg you to be assured that I
shall exert myself to carry the foregoing princi
ples into practice during my administration of
the Government, and, confiding in the protect
ing care of an ever-watchful and overruling Prov
idence, it shall be my first and highest duly to
preserve unimpaired the free institutions under
which we live, and transmit them to those who
shall succeed me in their full force and vigor.
JOHN TYLER.
Washington, April 9, 1841.
JEFFERSON'S INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
March 4, 1801.
Friend* and fellow-citizen*:
i-.ii. i m undertake the duties of the first EjX
etuil*c ulUtc ur ? ?? *7", ilin ino
sence of that portion of my fellow-cinzens wKi<-#r
here assembled, to express my grateful thanks tor the
favor with which they have been pleased to loot to
wards me, to declare a sincere consciousness that the
task is above my talents and that I approach it with
those anxious and awful presentiments which the
greatness of the charge, and the weakness of my
powers so justly inspire. A rising nstion, spread over
a wide and fruitful land, traversing all the seas with
the rich productions of their industry, engaged in
commerce with nations who feel power and forget
right, advancing rapidly to destinies beyond the
reach of mortal eye ; when I contemplate these tran
scendent objects, and see the honor, the happiness and
the holies of this beloved country committed to the is
sue and the auspices of this day, I shrink from the
contemplation and humble myself before the magni
tude of the undertaking. Utterly indeed should 1
despair, did not the presence of many whom 1 here
see remind me, that, in the other high authorities pro
vided by our constitution, I shall find resources of wis
dom of virtue, and of zeal, on which to rely under all
difficulties. To you, then, gentlemen, who arc charg
ed with the sovereign functions of legislation, and to
those associated with you, I look with encouragement
for that guidance and support which may enable us to
steer with safety the vessel in which we are all em
barked, amid the conflicting elements of a troubled
During the contest of opinion through which we
have parsed, the animation of discussions and of ex
ertions has sometimes worn an aspect which might
impose on strangers unlised to think freely, and to
speak and to write what they think; but this being
now decided by the voice of the nation, announced
accoiding to the rules of the constitution, all will of
course arrange themselves under the will ot the law,
and unite in common efforts for the common good.
All too will liear in mind this sacred principle, that
though the will of the majority is in all cases to pre
vail that will, to be rightful, must be reasonable; that
the minority jk>*sess their equal right*, which equal
law must protect, anil to violate would be oppression.
Let us then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and
one mind, let us restore to social intercourse that har
mony and affection without which, liberty, and even
life itself, are but dreary things. And let us reflect,
that having banished from our land that religious in
tolerance under which mankind so long bled and suf
fered we have yet gained little, if we countenance a
political intolerance, as despotic, as wicked, and ca
pable of as bitter and bloody jiersecutions. During
the throes and convulsions of the ancient world, dur
ing the agonizing spasms of infuriated man, seeking
through blnod and slaughter his long lost liberty, it
was not wonderful that the agitation of the billows
should reach even this distant and peaceful shore:
that this should be more felt and feared by some and
less by others , and should divide opinions as to mea
sures of safely ; but every difference of opinion is not
a difference of principle. We have called by different
names brethren of the same principle. We are all re
publicans: we are all federalists. It there be any
among us who would wish to dissolve this Union, or
to change its republican form, let them stand undis
turbed as monuments of the safety with which eiror
of opinion may be tolerated, where reason is left free
to combat it. I know indeed that some honest men
fear that a republican government cannot l>e strong :
that this government is not strongenough. But would
the honest patriot, in the full tide of successful experi
ment, abandon a government which has so far kept us
free and firm on the theoretic, and visionary fear that
this government, the world's best hope, may, by pos
sibility, want energy to preserve ilsell 1 I tiust not.
1 believe this, on the contrary, the strongest govern
ment on earth. 1 believe it the only one where every
man, at the call of the laws, would fly to the standard
of the law, and would meet invasions of the public
order as his own personal concern. Sometimes it is
said that man cannot be trusted with the govrrnmenl
of himself! Can he then be trusted with the govern
ment of others'? Or have we found angels in the
form of kings to govern him 1 Let history answer
this question.
Lei us then, with courage and confidence, pursue
our own 'federal and republican principles , our attach
ment to union and representative government. Kin.i
Iv separated by nature ami a wide ocean from the el
iminating havoc of one quarter of the globe; too
Inch m nded to en.lure'the degradations of ihc others;
p,?sessing a chosen country, with room enough for
our descendants to th? thousandth and thousandih
generation; entertaining a due sense of our equal
right to the um of oar own faculties, to th? acquui
liom of our ioduatry, to honor and confidence from
our fcllow-dtiiene, reaulung not from birth, bat from
our actions and their ndh of thorn; < nliglitamd by a
benign religion, urofrased indeed and practised In vari
ous forma, yet ail of them inculcating honesty, truth,
temperance, gratitude, and the love of man, acknow
ledging and adoring an overruling Providence, which,
by all Us dispensation* provea that it delighu in the
happineaa of man here, and his greater happiness here
after ; with all theae blessings, what more is neceasa
ry to make us a Lappy and prosperous people 1 Still
one thing more, feflow-citiiens?a wise and frugal
government, which ahall restrain men from injuring
one another, ahall leave them otherwiae free to regulate
their own pursuits of industry and improvement, and
shall not take from the mouth of labor the bread it
has earned. Thia is the aum of good government,
and thia ia necessary to cloae the circle of our felicities.
About to enter, fellow-citiaens, on the exercise of
dutiea which comprehend every thing dear and valua
ble to you, k ia proper that you should understand
what I deem the eaaential principles ?f oar govern
ment, and conaequently those which ought to shape
ita administration. I will coinpresa them within the
narioweat com|iaaa they will bear, stating the general
principle, but not all ita limitations. Equal and exact
jualice to all men of whatever atale or perauaaion, re
ligious or political; peace, commerce, and honeat
friendship with all naliona, entangling alliancea with
none: the support of the state governments in all their
rights, as the most competent administrationa for our
domeatic concerns, and the surest bulwarka against
anti-republican tendenciea: the preservation of the
general government in its whole constitutional vigor,
as the aheet anchor of our peace at home, and safety
abtoad ; a jealoua care of the right of election bv the
people; a mild and aafe corrective of abuaea which are
lopped by the aword of (evolution, whete peaceable
teiiiedies are unprovided; absolute acquiescence in the
decisions of the majority, the vital principle of repub
lics, from which is no appeal but to force, the vital
principle and immediate parent of despotism : a well
disciplined militia, our beat reliance in peace, and for
the first moments of war, till regulars may relieve them;
the supremacy of the civil over the military authority
?econo'uy in the public expense, that labor may be
lightly burthened ; the honest payment of our debts,
and sac rod preservation of the puMic faith; encour
agement of agriculture, and of commerce as its hand
maid : the diffuaion of information, and arrangement
of all abuaes at the bar of the public reason: freedom
of religion; freedom of the press ; and freedom of per
son, under the protection of the habeas corpus; and
trial bv juriea impartially selected. These principles
form the bright constellation which has gone before us.
and guided our steps through an age of revolution and
reformation. The wiadom of our sages, and blood of
our heroes, have been devoted to tneii attainment;
they should be the creed of our political faith; the text
of civic instruction, the touchstone by which to try
the services of those we trust; and should we wander
from them in moments of error or alarm, let us hasten
to retrace our steps, and to regain the load which alone
leads to peace, liberty, and safety.
I repair then, fellow-citicens, to the post you have
assigned me. With experience enough in subordi
nate offices to have seen the difficulties of this, the
greatest of all, I have learnt to expect that it will rare
ly fall to the lot of imperfect man to retire from thia
station with the reputation and the favor which bring
him into it. W ithout pretensions ta that high confi
dence you reposed in our first and great <at revolutiona
ry character, whose pre-eminent services had entitled
him the first place in liis country's love, and destined
for him 'he fairest page in the volume of faithful his
tory, 1 ask so much confidence only ts may give firm
ness and effect to the legal administration of your af
fair*. I shall often go wrong through defect of judg
ment. When right,! shall often be thought wrong by
those whose position will not command a view of the
whole ground. 1 ask your indulgeance for my own
errors, which will never be intentional; and your sup
port against the errors of others, who may condemn
what they would not, if seen in all its parts. The ap
probation implied by your suffrage is a great consola
tion to me for the past; and my future solicitude will
be, to retain the good opinion of those who have ber
stowed it in advance, to conciliate that of others by
doing them all the good in my power, and to be instru
mental to the happiness and freedom of all.
Relying then on the patronage of your good will, I
advance with obedience to the work, ready to retire
from it whenever you become sensible how much bet
ter choices it is in your |>ower to make. And may
that infinite Power which rules the destinies of the
universe lead our councils to what is best, and give
them a favorable issue for your peace and prosperity.
MEETING IN GEORGETOWN.
At a large and respectable meeting of the
citizens of Georgetown, held at the Lancaster
School Room, on Thursday evening, April 8,
Henry Addison was called to the Chair and
Edward S. Wmoirr. -n-1 > r.
William Laird, Esq., offered the following
resoiutt^w?, which were unanimously adopted:
Retolved, That under the afflicting dispensation
of Divine Providence, in the death of Uen. William
Henry Hahhison, late President of the U. States,
we, the citizens of Georgetown, share in the full cup
of the nation's sorrow, and humbly bow to the over
ruling wisdom of an Almighty Power. We have lost
the high hope of our hearts. We feel that the hand
of Death has titricken from us our dearest friend, and
we deeply mourn. With the whole nation we lament
that the early and indefatigable defender of its liber
ties?the soldier who faithfully and successlully
fought its battles?the statesman who in purity guid
ed Us councils, and the honest man who, through a
long life, ever maintained a single eye to the good of
his fellow creatures, has passed away from the midst
of us. Deeply sympathizing, as we do, with the fami
ly and connexions of the late President, we, as they,
have an abiding consolation that he departed ripe for a
home of bliss, and with a nation's love and honors
heaped upon him.
Resolved further, That a committee of twenty-four
be appointed by the chair to mako arrangements for
giving further expression to the above sentiments.
The following gentlemen were appointed the com
mittee : William Laird, W. S. Nicholla, George
Shocmakei, E. M. Linthicum, C. E. Ecklc, K.
Semmes, George Mahorney, John Myeis, John Pick
rell, Win. Robinson, John 1. Stull, Evan Lyons, John
Dickson. S. E. Scoit, Dr. P. Warfiold, Ignatius
Clarke, R. Woodward, Thos. C. Wright, D. Dodge,
Jr., Walter Smoot, Robert Ould, Thomas Brown,
William Lang, and Richard P. Jackson.
On motion it was
Retolved, That the Chairman of this meeting be
added to the Committee of Arrangements.
On motion of William Jewett, Esq., it was
Resolvedfurther, That this meeting has the most
entire confidence in the successor of President Harri
son, John Tyler, now President of the United S ates,
and feel satisfied that his Executive course will deserve
the sup|>ort and ensure the confidence of the Ameri
can people.
On motion of Col. Wm. Robinson, it was unani
mously
Resolved, That a copy of the above resolutions be
sent to the family of the late President, and to the
President of the United States.
On motion of Mr. Pickreli., these proceedings weie
ordered to !>e published in the National Intelligencer
and Madisonian.
HENRY ADDISON, Chairman.
Edw'd. S. Wright, Secretary.
At a meeting of the Students of Princeton
Coli.ege, (New Jersey,) held April 5, 1841, o^
learning the death of President Harrison, Wm.
M. Gii.eh was called to the chair, and Eli
Whitney appointed Secretary.
On motion of Mr. Stone, a committee of five
were named by the Chair to draft resolutions ap
propriate as a tribute of respect to the memory
of our late President.
The committee was composed of the follow
ing gentlemen : Messrs. Rodgers, Stone, Robs,
Bagley, and McLane, who reported these reso
lutions :
Resolved, That me have heard with the profoundest
regret of the death of the late Chief Magistrate of this
Union, Gen. William Hf.nry Harrison.
Resolved, That his long military career, in defend
ing the eaily settlers of our Western frontier from the
aggressions of a savage loe, and in repelling the invad
er in the last war, entitles him to the admiration and
gratitude of the American people.
Resolved, That, in his civil services, the strict inte
grity which he ever manifested, the jealoua watchful
ness ol the interests of his constituents, and the dig
nity with which he defended our honor upon all occa
sions, demands our sincerest gratitude and our moat
fervent acknowledgments.
Resolved, That, from the patriotiam which he ever
exhibited in the camp and in Congress, from the stern
republicanism of his mind, from the pledges which he
made previous to his elevation t* the highest office in
the gin of his fellow-citixens, and from the recent aus
pieioua nMtaurea of bu abort official unit, wo had
Sootl hope (hat the Government during bit term would
ava been guided with ability, dignity, and efficiency.
Rfulrui, That in tue death the eouutry haa ?uf*
fered the rooet eenoui injury, but that it le a tourer of
the gieateet consolation that (be Heau, the HitnioT,
and tne aTaTuttaN, who bad grown gray in tbe ?er-1
vice of the Stale, waa true to tbe Constitution to the
laef, and recommended with bia dying breath a atrict
adherence to that palladium of our libertiea.
Rttolvtd, That inteetimony of our regard for thia
illualnouk man we will wear the uaual badge of mourn
ing for thirty daye. feeling that while private affection
weeps at hia tomb bia country honor* hi* memory.
Iluolttd, That a copy of these reaolutiona be pub
liahed in the Princeton Whig and in the Philadelphia
and Washington paper*.
WM. M GILES, of Mi*a., Chairman.
* Eli Whitney, of Conn., Secretary.
At s very numerous and reapectable meeting
of tbe citizens of Raleigh, tbe capital of tbe State
ofNoitTiiCAROUNA, AptilO, 1841, for tbe purpose
of giving public eipression to the deep feeling
of regret and sorrow produced in the community
by the melancholy intelligence of the death of
Oen. William Henry Harhihon, President of
the Uuited States, and to ofTer a suitable tribute
of reaped to the memory of their illustrious Chief
Magistrate, it was determined to observe the fol
lowing day (the day of the Funeral) as a day of
mourning, and to recommend to ail the inhabi
tant-, ofboth sexes, of that beautiful little city,
to wear the usual badge of mouning for ninety
days.
Among the citizens assembled on this occasion
waa present the Secretary of the Navy, the Hon.
George E. Badger, whom domestic duties had
called away from his public station a few days be
fore the late President's illness. Previous to the
adoption of the resolutions above described, Mr.
Badoer addressed the meeting in strains of the
purest and most affecting eloquence, on the noble
and enviable public and private character of the
deceased. He dwelt much on his numerous pri
vate virtues, and pronounced him, in the powers
of his intellect and the qualities of his heart, a
noble and beautiful specimen of the work of tne
Creator ; and concluded by expressing the firm
conviction that he would be embalmed in the
hearts of his contrymen as their Second Wahh
inoton.?Mat. Int.
Early Marriages.?A paragraph is going
the rounds of the papers, extracted from the writ
ings of that learned cynic, Dr. Samuel Johnson,
in which an opinion is expressed, decidedly un
favorable to early marriages. The following is
the opinion of our countryman, Dr. Franklin, on
this subject, as expressed in a letter to his friend,
John AUeyne. We are willing to submit the
question, which has the best of the argument, to
a jury of young persons, and abide by the re
sult :
" Dear Jack:?You desire, you say, my im
partial thoughts on the subject of an early tnar
riagp, by way of answer to the numberless ob
jections which have been made by numerous
persons to your own. You tnay remember
when you consulted me on the occasion, that I
thought youth on both sides to be nonobjection.
Indeed, from the marriages which have fallen
under my observation, 1 am rather inclined to
think that early ones stand the best chance for
happiness. The tempers and habits of the
young are not yet become so stiff and uncomply
ing as when more advanced in life; they form
more easily to each other, and hence many occa
sions of disgust are removed. And if youth has
less of that prudence which is necessary to man
age a family, yet the parent and elder friends of
young married persons are generally at hand, to
afford their advice, which amply supplies that
defect; and by early marriage youth is sooner
formed to regular and useful life; and possibly
some of those accidents or connections that might
have injured the constitution or reputation, or
both, are thereby happily prevented.
Particular circumstances of particular persons
may possibly sometimes make it prudent to de
lay entering into that state; but in general, when
nature has rendered our bodies lit for it, the pre
sumption is in nature's favor, that she has not
judged amiss in making us desire it. Late mar
?uTe?i^D[?l!llte?1ded'. too> w'ilh ,h'? further
educated. Late children, says the Spanish Z*
verb, are early orphans ; a melancholy reflection
to those whose case it may be ! With us in
America, marriages are generally in the morn
ing of life ; our children are therefore educated
and settled in the world by noon; and thus our
business being done, we have an afternoon and
evening of cheerful leisure to ourselves, such as
our friend at present enjoys.
In fine, 1 am glad you are married, and con
gratulate you most cordially upon it. You are
now in the way of becoming an useful citizen,
and you have escaped the unnatural state of
celibacy for life, the fate of many here who ne
ver intended it, but who, having too long post
poned the change of their condition, find at
length that it is too late to think of it; and so
live all their lives in a situation that greatly les
sens a man s value. An odd volume of a set of
books bears not the value of its proporlion to the
set?What think you of the odd half of a pair of
scissors ??it can t well cut any?it mav possi
bly serve to scrape a trencher.
Pray make my compliments and best wishes
acceptable to your bride. I am old and heavy,
or I should ere this have presented them in per
son. I shall make but small use of the old man's
privilege, that of giving advice to younger
Iriends. Treat your wife always with respect
it will procure respect to you, not from her only,'
but irom all that observe it. Never use a slight
ing expression to her, even in jest; for slights
in jest, after frequent bandy ings, are apt to end
in angry earnest. Be studious in your profes
sion, and you will be learned. Be industrious
and frugal, and you will be rich. Be sober and
temperate and you will be healthy. Be in gene
ral virtuous, and you will be happy. At least
you will by such conduct, stand the best chance
lor such consequences. I pray God to bless you
both ! being ever your affectionate friend.
B. F.?
Gardeners' Work for April.?Trim your
fruit trees. Apples?take off all dead and defect
ive branches?tnin out the tops so that the sun
and light may have fair play?take off all young
shoots sometimes called sucker*, and all the
branches which ride. Kill the Borers. This
may be the best done by picking the boring's
from their boles and running a wire up?cutting
them out is bad business; it injures the trees
very much. The best preventive ia the ashes
of Anthracite coal?lay a good lot of it round the
trunks.
Pears?Lop the defective branches and some
of the suckers, but do not thin out the tops?this
is a pleasant tree to take care of, because it suf
fers so little from insects.
Plums?Will bear better for a good trimming,
therefore cut out the superfluous wood freely.
Peaches?Cut down the tops of young trees
which are not yet in bearing. This will cause
them to branch out lov, and save them from be
ing torn to pieces by high winds. Let a peach
have its own way and it becomes a bean-pole in
a few years. From bearing trees cut out the
dead wood and feeble shoot?, but do not meddle
with vigorous suckers springing from old limbs.
Quinces?Cut very sparingly. It takes them
a long time to heal a wound. Take out the
borers as from apple trees.
The Cherry requires but little pruning unless
it is Attacked dv tne ''gum disease." In that
case, if a branch is badly affected cut it off. If
the trunk is affected cut through the bark to the
wood, all round the diseased root, and if the cut
ting is well done the disease will not cross it.
How to prune trees, JSvery branch that is ta
ken off?great or small?should be cut or sawed
close to the tree, and left perfectly smooth.
All large wounds should be covered with a salve
to keep off moisture. If stumps are left, the
wound will never heal. If the wounds are left
uncovered, roi will ensue before they km healed
over.
Grafting should be done when the buds begin
to swell?generally about the middle of April.
Pear* may be grafted very low on tranche* the
size of a man's wrist.
Wash all your tree* with a solution of one
pound of potash to two gallons of water. If you
have nerer done it you will be astonished to
see how it improves them.
brgijbh new*.
NINE DAYS LATER.
By arrival of the Acadia, at Boston, on Tuesday,
we have dates nine days later from Europe.
We find nothing in the Parliamentary proceedings
that will interest our reader*?the doings were mostly
of a local character.
The London Times of the 18th says, in reference
to McLeod :
The atrocity of taking away the life of our fellow
subject would be such, whatever violence of the rabble
democracy of the border may threaten, that we scarce
ly feel an unessv emotion upon that point. How the
indignity already offered to England in his person,
will be disposed of, is quite a different question, and
one which may yet involve other lives not lesJprecious
than that of Alexander McLeod.
The boy Jones, has been a third time arrested in
Buckingham Palace. The London Standard says, a
J""1 rigid investigation as to the manner in which he
has three times effected an entrance into the palace,
is about to take place. In addition to a sentence of im
prisonment for three months, the punishment of hard
labor is added. The boy persists in his first assertion,
that his only motive was to hear the conversation at
Court, and to write an account of it. He had been
liberated from prison just two weeks, at the time he
was arrested.
Dublin, March 10.?The following are extracts
from an article which appeared in the Pilot [Mr. O'
Connell's own paper/of last night. The same journal
SuMishes at grcot length the proceedings at the Repeal
leeting at the Curragh the day previous. \Vhat
their joint effect may be on the minds of the inflamable
?opulace it is very easy to conjectuie. The article is
leaded? 7'imet 1 Hih ult.
" WAR?ENGLAND VKKSIS IRELAND.
" The time approaches when England must be hu
miliated or just, and Ireland may be free. ? * ?
England may declare war, but who will war for Eng
land 1 Ireland 1 What! pay taxes, and shed our
blood ! And for what 1
? * Why should Ireland war against France!
There is no Irish feeling to be gratified, no Irish inter
est to be promoted by such a war. What has Ireland
done to France, or France to Ireland.that we should
?hed each other's blood ? ? ? France invades
Ireland?well, where in her implicated embarrassments
will England find troops to defend Ireland, and pre
serve^ her province? Will Ireland defend herself or
leavejthe battles to the belligerents, and make no choice
between masters ? It is plain England does not cir
culate on Irish co-operation. ? ? ? A war against
America is a war against friends.
Were England never our tyrant, nor Ireland never
her slave, we would war with reluctance ; but as it is?
no, we cannot war with America : our hearts forbid it,
our hands would be powerless. We cannot swell the
ranks of such a battle?and for what? For love of
England I"
That there may be no delusion about the paternity
of the foregoing, the article concludes with the oft re
pealed lines?
" Great, glorious, and free,
' r irst flower of the earth, and first gem of the sea."
The Repeal Meeting at Curragh of Kildare came
off on Sunday, the 14th. After Mr. O'Connell had
heard mass. The numbers present are variously esti
mated ; one report gives 20,000 as the imurn ?
while another states, that one-fourth of that number
constituted the whole amount of physical force ready
tojoin Mr. O Connell in his demand for the severance
of the empire.
FRANCE.
The Paris Journals, of the 16th March, have been
received, they contain nothing new in reference to the
Eastern affair.
By a royal decision of the 13th inst., Rear Admiral
Laine was invested with the command of the French
naval forces in Algiers, in the room of Rear Admiral
Baron De Bougainville.
Letters from Toulon of the 10th inst, state that re
inforcements daily arrive in that harbor, and that up
wards of 4,000 men were then waiting to be embarked
for Algiers. There were then 44 armed vessels of all
sires lying in the roads and harbor of Toulon.
I he trial of Darmes is not expected to come on be
fore the month of May.
No less than 50 or tM) individuals had been arrested,
but none of them could as yet be identified as the ac
complices ol Darmes, and it was believed that the lat
ter would be tried alone by the Court of Peers.
TJje Marquis de Casaremisa left Paris for Madrid
proposition'io the>Regency. financial
.l^tt Maximos_Malzuin, the Catholic Patriarch of
the United Greeks, arrived on the 13th at Lyons, on
his way to Paris. The Prelate resides at Anlioch,
and has within hisjurisdicti.n the Greek Catholics of
bgypt and Syria, in whose favor he is coming to claim
the protection wh.ch France formerly afforded the
Christian population of those countries
| Mayence Gazette of the 10th inst. mentions
lf im n?lT"nK: ?o grant a reward
of 100,000 florins (?8,000 British) to the inventor of
me electro-magnetic motive force.
i JfceCWi"; de Lyon of ihc 13th ult., publishes a
letter from Italy of the 4th, stating that the city of
Keggio, in Calabria, was nearly destroyed by an
earthquake on the iWd ult. The shocks were 15 in
number, the streets of the Marine was converted into
one heap of ruins ! most of the houses were thrown
down, and the rest were so damaged as to be altoge
ther uninhabitable; the Palace of the Governor, the
1 ribunal, the Cathedral, five other churches, and va- I
rious other buildings were entirely destroyed. The
inhabitants had sought refuge, partly at Messina, and
partly at Naples. '
SPAIN.
Madrid journals and private letters of the 9th inst.
were received by express.
The retirement of M. de Gamboa, the Minister of
tinance, would it was thought, be shortly followed
by that of M. Chacon, his colleague of the War De
partment. The latter appears, however, to have con
sented to retain office until the opening of the Cortes.
M.baenz, the U nder-Secretary of State of the Ad
ministration of tinancc, has been replaced by M. Ra
mon Cidatrava, whose appointment was not yet gazett
ed, but was considered official.
The capital continued to enjoy pel feet tranquility
and the accounts received from the provinces were of
a re-assuring character. Some emissaries of the re
publican party had made their appearance at Ponteve
inhabitants ,ilUe encoura?CIilonl from the
It was the general opinion in the best informed cir
itl f t l i?' Victory, if not appointed sole
P ? p W"U!a least proclaimed
by the Cortes President of the Council of Regency.
A fin incial project, of which the Eco del Comercio
publishes the programme, was much talked of at the
Madrid Bourse on the 9th. According to that jour
nal four of the most respectable citizens of the capital
had offered to advance tfce Government a sum nt <Mt
000,000 reals, 48,000,000 of which wei "Tap ped
pons *snd 4J ooo nnnWment ofthc "pitaliaed cou
|K>na, and 42,000 000 to the wants of the Treasury
It was believed that those four houses had come to an
j understanding on the subject with a wealthy foreign
j house. 1 he conditions were unknown.
CINCINNATI REPUBLICAN.
Our respected friend Col. Charles S. Todd, took
leave of the readers of the Republican yesterday, in the
following brief note:
,n,'n,Tot!?,h"llr"itrn0<1 r-tirr" from,hc Editorial depart
rT"l ?! l,he, C,NUNN1T' Kkpi smcan. He ?ill neve,
, # | ? . ^ 8rateful sense of the confidence extend
e<l to him in his Editorial labors; a confidence which
imparted whatever of efficacy they displayed during
? i." *'Rn*'c?nte?t. His temporary absence from
the Uueen City " will not abate any of the regard
men Ih? cherishes for the continuance of her prosperi
ty, whether statistical, commercial, manufacturing
moral or literary.
The undersigned takes leave of his Editorial bre
thren, with the l>est wishes for their personal welfare
anu ror their success in the maintenance of the dignity
of their profession ; and he bids a kind adieu to the
patrons ?f the Replilk an, with the consciousness
111 th., h <"n0t, hy his Editorial efforts,
all that he desired towards the elevation of the charac
er of the press, he has been guided by an anxious so
licitude to see this great moral lever wieMed solelv
with reference to a just public taste and the high inter
ests of the nation. 8
C. 8. TODD.
**5* To<.1'!', ?litori?' brethren, cannot but re
cipnx-ate the wishes for their personal welfare, which
he has expressed above. For our-elves, we must sny
f!it', ! d?nl be,'n our lot "> w''r?me to the ehaft
of editorship, a gentleman so courteous in his ordinaiy
Intercourse, *0 observant of th? proprieties of editor n!
life, or M determined ill the purpose, whatever might
be the provocation to a contrary course, of not sinking
to tbe political journalist, the moial citizen, and the
high-toned man. For these things, all must honor
hiui; and few, who know him, wiM reflux- lo join with
u< in the hope, that hereafter, whether he devote him
self to the useful and honorable labors of the agncul.
lariat, on hia brautiful farm in Kentucky, or continue
to labor for the benefit of bia country, in a mpnmtiblu
iruat abroad, prosperity and happtnt u may l?- hi. lot.
Definite airangemenla with regard to the future edi
torial management of the Republican, are to lie an
nounced after ? few weeks. Since Colonel Todd a*
turned the control of thia paper, it has rendered good
service to the Whig cause which is the cause of (he
Country ; and it will doubtless be marked hereafter by
equal ability and earnestness.?Cincinnati Gazette.
The country madisonian ot sal?,
day, containing all thefailicleeof lut week?th,
particular* of Gen. Harrison's death and funeral -
President Tyler'a addreaa, &.C tic. A few hundred
copiea atill on band, and for aale. april
THE all-popular ST ATE ARMORY & TOWN
HALL LOTTERY, draws Thursday, Apnl
15th, 1841 :?
SCHEME.
1 prize of $12,000?1 of ?1,804?50 of 51,000?To
of *500-*) of *300?78 of *IH).
Certificate, package wholea #70 oo
" " halvea, 35 00
" " quarter*, 17 541
Whole Ticketa S5, share* in proportion
For which, apply to, or addreaa,
JAMES PHALEN & CO. Agent*,
Penn. avenue, corner of 6th street,
ap 12 between Uadaby'* and Brown * Hotel*.
SCHOOL FUND LOTTERY OF R. ISLAND
For Saturday, April 17th.
4 prize* of *10,000-4 of *3,000?4 of *2,000-4 of
*1,250?4 of *1,062 50?50 of *1,000?
50 of *500-50 of *400.
75 Number*?12 Drawn Ballot*.
Certificate package wholea, *120 Oil
" " quarter* 30 00
Whole* *10?shared in proportion.
All order* for ticket* in the above Lottery will re
ceive the most confidential and immediate attention.
JAMES PHALEN CO. Manager,
april 12 eorner of Penn. avenue and bth at.
NOTICE.?The subscribers have removed their
offipe to the corner of Sixth atreet and Pennsyl
vania avenue, between Gadsby'a and Brown's Hotels,
where they will be happy to see their friends and cus
tomer*.
JAMES PHALEN & CO
april 12-lw Lottery Manager*.
Patriotic Bank,
Washington, April 8, 1841.
AT AN ELECTION held on the 5th instant, in
conformity with the law of Congress on the 3d
day of July, 1840, the following stockholders were
duly elected Director* of this Bank:
William A. Bradley,
G. C. Grammer,
Phineas Bradley,
W. H. Gunnell,
At a meeting of the Board on the 6th instant, Wil
liam A. Bradley was unanimously re-elected Presi
dent of the Bank, and at an adjourned meeting held
this day, Robert N. Johnston was elected a Direc
tor to supply the vacancy caused by the election of
President. PISHEY THOMPSON, Cashier
Bank of Washington, April 6, 1841.
AT an election held yesterday, in conformity with
the law of Congress of the 3d of July, 1840, the
following gentlemen were duly elected Directors of
this Bank, viz.
William Gunton,
Jacob Gideon,
Stanislaus Murray, and
Edward Simmb.
And at a meeting of the Board this morning, Wm.
Gunton was chosen President, and John P. Inole
elect?d a Director to supply the vacancy thus occa
sioned.
JAMES ADAMS,
april 9?3t Cashier.
Transactions of the royal engi
NEERS, Vol. 4, and Professional Papers on sub
jects connected with the Duties of the Corps, 4th vol.
London, 1841. Quarts size with many engraving*,
I just imported, a few copies only, and this dav receive I
for sale by F. TAYLOR.
Also, Life and Works of Telford, the Engineer, 1
vol. quarto, with folio Atlas of plates, London, 1840.
Nicholson on Projection and Isometrical Drawing,
1 vol. London, 1840.
Mushett's Papers on Iron and Steel, 1 vol. octavo,
London, 1840.
Robison's Mechanical Philosophy, 4 vol*.
And other valuable works on the same classes of
science.
*?* Books imported to order from London and Pa
ri*. april 18
LANGUAGES.?A third Evening French Clnsw
for gentlemen will ojien on Monday the 12th
instant. Instruction given as usual, on a theorico
practical plan, by which the willing scholar, nfter 36
lessons, may perfect himself in the acquirement of this
language without a teacher.
An evening Spanish Class i* flow forming. La
di?s are instructed in either language from half past
10 to 12 o clock in the morning. Knglish, Spanish,
Italian, French, and Latin translation* in all com
mercial, legal, or literary matters, speedily, correctly,
and neatly executed, at the co.-ner of Pennsylvania
avenue and Tenth street.
Washington, April 8, 1841?5t
PRESIDENTS MESSAGES, containing all the
Annual: Inaugural, and Special Messages ; Pro
clamations, Vetos, Ac. Sic. of all the Presidents, com
mencing with Washington's first Inaugural Address
and ending with General Harrison's?in one volume
octavo, paged and indexed so as to offer the facility of
immediate relerence.
Just published and this day received for sale by
"pril ?' F. TA YL0R.
FLEETWOOD'S LIFE OF CHRIST, cheap
in one octavo, volume of 606 pages, with many
engravings, handsomely bound, and containing also
a History of the Jews, and History of the Lives,
transactions,-and sufferings of the Holy Evangelis'*,
Apostler and other Primitive Martyr*. By the Rev!
John Fleetwood; price $1 25.
A few copies just received, for sale by
?p3 F. TAYLOR
BRILLIANT SCHEME.
$60,000 $30,000 $15,000
And Sixteen Drawn Ball >ts making more prizes than
blank*. 1
UNION LOTTERY,
Class No. 2. for 1841.
To be positively drawn at Alexandria, D. C., on So
turday, April 17th, 1841.
By authority of law, for Internal Improvement in A
lexandrin, D. C. Slate Treasury, Delaware Col
lege, and Common Schools, in the State of Dela
ware. Useful Manufactures in the Slate of South
Carolina. Green and Pulaski Monument in the
City of Savannah, ami State of Georgia. Public
Institutions in the States of Louisiana and Ken
tucky.
D. 8. GREGORY A CO. Manager*.
GRAND FRIZES.
4 prizes of *2,000
5 do 1,750
10 do 1,500
10 do 1,250
50 do 1,000
I 50 do 50O
50 ?lo 400
100 do 300
100 do 250
170 do 200
, 124 do 150
? j of *100.
Beside* prize* of *N0, *70, gfio, *50, *40, *25,
*20, *l&, *12, *10.
16 Drawn Numbers out of 78.
Whole Tickets *20? Halves *l0~Quartora *5?
Eighths *2 50.
Certificate* ofPackngn of86 Whole Ticketa *860 00
Do. do *6 Half do 130 00
Do. do 96 Uuarter do 65 00
Do. do 2<i Eighths do 32 60
1 prize of *60,000
1 do 30,000
1 do 15,000
1 do 10,000
I do 8,000
J do 7,000
I do 6,000
1 do 5,000
1 do 4,000
1 do 2,500
1 do 2,311
124 prizes
yVOi lers for tickets and Share* or Certificates of
Packages in the above Magnificent Lottery will re
ceive the most prompt attention, and an official account
of the drawing sent immediately after it is over to all
who order from us.
D. S. GREGORY & CO. Managers,
Washington, D. C.
9?2aw4wd&e
mar !