THE MADISONIAN.
WAMHINGTON city.
FRIDAY, APRIL 23, 1841.
In those things which arc essential let tiikhe
?E UNITY IN NON-ESSENTIALS, LI H til TV ; AND IN ALL
THINGS CUAHITV.?AugUMlin.
THE PEOPLK AND THE CABINET.
YVe have hitherto forlwrje from expressing
our sentiments in regard to the peculiar position
in which the present Administration is placed
towards a very considerable and respectable
portion of the people of the Uuion?we mean
those who are desiring employment from the Ge
neral Government. We have not, howtver, been
inattentive observers of events passing around us,
nor uro the suggestions which we are about to
make to our friends here, am' throughout the
country, new or of hasty adoption.
The people of this Republic have, during the
past few years, witnessed and suffered a series
of pecuuiary revolutions and disasters, such as
have no parallel in the former history of this
Government. From oneof the happiest and most
urosperous Nations of (he earth, we have, through
the gross mismanagement of those to whose
rare and keeping the interests and welfare of
the people were entrusted, become one of the most
embarrassed and unfortunate ; and although the
busy and restless tide of life still Hows on through
the veins and arteries of the great body politic,
and its mighty pulsations still continue, yet its
wonted energy and health are gone, but not, we
hope, forever. The mightiest fortunes, the ac
cumulations of years of successful industry, as
well as the interests more hutnbic, but not less
precious, of those who were content with little,
have been carried away by the terrible blasts
which have lately swept, resistless, from one
end of this fair laud to the other, leaving de
solation, ruin and diitress in their relentless
course.
The natural and direct consequence of this is
seen, among other forms, in the fact that thou
sands of all classes, ages, sexes, and grades of
talent?people of the most estimable characters
?are deprived of their usual means of support
for themselves and those dependent upon them.
They have found, alas, that the laborer is not
worthy of his hire, or an honest will, securi
ty against the threatenings of grim poverty. It
is not strange, then, that men should look to the
Government to afford relief to a suffering coun
try. The whole people, and of all parties, do
look with confidence to the present Administra
tion to remedy, so tar as it is possible to be done,
the elfects of the errors of the past.
Nor is it to be wondered at, that hundreds of
all classes, ages and occupations who hove been
engaged, earnestly, and from the purest motives,
in bringing about the late change of Adminis
tration, (and some, too, who have not,) should
be found earnestly appealing to the members of
the Cabinet for official employment, for the sup
port of their wives and families, of their aged
parents perhaps, which in better days they, by
their own unaided industry and talent, easily
secured in the usual avocations of life.
it is not strange, we say, in the midst- of the
distress of the country, that large numbers of
the worthiest and most estimable of men should
come up here seeking temporary protection from
the bitter blasts of adversity.
But we beg them and their friends to remem
ber that, comparatively, few can be relieved di
rectly by any action of the Executive branch of
the Government. The number of offices, either
humble or elevated, to be filled, is small, very
small, compared with the number of those who
need, or of those who seek relief?for there are
many more than ten, and in some instances fifty,
applicants for every office in the gift of the Go
vernment. Many, and indeed most of those
seeking these benefits, are worthily recommend
ed. Some arc the sear-covered veterans of the
last war. Many have labored earnestly in the
late political campaigns and others have for
years "borne the burden and the heat of the'day'*
in the great political battle-fields of the country.'
A great portion of these must be disappointed
in their expectations of relief from this source.
They must be content to await and participate
in that general HELtEF which was sought by
those who deposed the late Administration, and
which, through the aid of the able, resolute, and
patriotic men now nl the head of affairs, and
with the action of Congress now about to as
semble, will, we trust, in God's mercy, be brought
to a suffering people, shedding the sunshine of
hope and joy to millions of freemen.
And we would make this further suggestion :
Men must reflect that the members of the
Cabinet, benevolent and generous as they nil
are, him not the power, however strongly they
pnttxesit the trill, to satisfy the wishes of all, or
even to listen to verbal recital of the often too
touching and harrowing tale of the sufferings
and wants of the unfortunate, or the details of
the often meritorious services of others.
The gentlemen of* the Cabinet are, each and
all, not only men of exalted abilities and patriot
ism, but they are men of peculiarly kind and
philanthropic fueling, and if any personal sacri
fice of their own could enable them to do so,
they would send every man home happy and
contented. Hut they have other and more im
portant duties to perform than the mere bestow
inent of office, nnd to these duties they have
brought not only great intellectual power and ex
perience, but a resolute determination, so far as
in them lies, to save the country from further
suffering. The members of the Cabinet occupy
no enviable position, and great is the patiiotism
which has induced them, at a heavy sacrifice of
property and of domestic comfort, to assume the
responsible and herculean task of restoring order
out of chaos, and of bringing prosperity out of
ruin. And painful and harassing is the task of
deciding between the claims to office of soinanv
good and well-qualified friends as are daily and
hourly pressing their wishes.
In times like these, when all the great and
mighty and vital interests of eighteen millions
of freemen?the regulation and restoration of
the currency?the settlement of the delicate and
difficult questions growing out of the foreign re
lations of the country, and all its boundless con
eerns, are pressing themselves daily and hourly
iqion these gentlemen who are so lately seated
hi office, and who?e whole time and attention
ought to be devoted to these interests, particular
ly now, on the ere of a called session of Con
gress, our friend* should not think themselves
ill treated should their claims and wishes not
receive that attention which, though it i? the
wish of the Cabinet to bestow, it it an absolute
impossibility, should be at present rendered.
The hours of the day, and even iho.e which
should be assigned to rest, are laboriously and
patiently devoted to the public busineuby these
gentlemen 5 and considerations of personal com
fort, the requisitions of sociul life, the enjoy-j
ment of the society of their dearest friends, are
ull cheerfully sacrificed to the public good and
to the calls of the people. They are doing their
duty to the people and the country | let the peo
ple, while they wuver not in the work of restor
ing (he lost prosperity of the country, forget not
to do their duty to them.
We know the intelligence and true-hearted
love of liberty and justice of the American people
too well to fear that our appeal will be in vaiu.
In concluding these hastily-written remarks,
we appeal to every good man, to every truc
heaited American citizen who loves hiacountry,
whatever maybe his private griefs or present
disappointments, to stand firm for the Constitu
lion for ihe glorious cause in which we are all
engaged. The battle is nut ended?the enemy
is repulsed but not destroyed. Better times will
yet come, and all will rejoice again in the bless
ing., of liberty and prosperity. "Heavinessmay
endure for a night, but joy cometli in the morn
ing.
EXCHANGE AND CURRENCY.
We subjoin the fourth letter of our esteemed
friend in Richmond. It explains what is meant
by a system of Exchange. The information is
valuable.
Letter IV.
Ri< iimond, 80th April, Iflil.
Question. What da you mean by a rytltm if
Exchange /
Answkii. An organized credit, that will be able by
the use of Bills of Exchango to prevent the rate o
Exi bango from bring so high, as to cause specie to be
shipped to make payment in other |4aces in the United
States. In answer to previous questions, it has been
staled that the great cause of suspension is tho 'hip.
men I of large sums of specie to meet the demands o
trade and not the loud cells for ordinary circulation_
Any system that will render a shipment of specie un
necessary will quiet the Exchanges and prevent ano
ther suspension, after the Western and Southern
States have been able to pay their debts. What the
form of a system shall lie, will be explained in exlento
at an early period, at present the only answer to the
above question that apjiears to be necessary, has been
given, hut it may not he improper to explain somewhat
more at length how Exchange can be kept under spi
cie par. .
If an institution is created that shall possess suffici
ent credit and capital to be able to sell Exchange on
every section of the Union?at all seasons of the year
?at rates below what may be the expense and insu
rance to place the specie at the point where the fund*
may bo required, the object will be effected, and the
amount of specie now in our country will be more
than sufficient for all the puiposes of currency. Specie
cannot be kept in circulation among the people so long
as such large sums are required for transudation, anil
thcicfore to give stability to the curiency, and infuse
into it more coin, the Exchanges must be regulated by
a system, the form and character of which, and the du
ties to which its action should be confined, will be pre
sented under another head.
To be able to equalize the rate of Exchange requires
a comprehensive view .if all the diversified inteicsts of
this great continent, a knowledge deiived from agents
and correspondents stationed in every town of any
importance, and an accurate statement from month to
month of the grain, tobacco, cotton and manufactures
in the diffeient places where they are prepaied for
market. If correct information can be obtained, a ve
ry accurate judgment can be formed of the probable lo
cation of the balances of trade producedSfirom a varie
ty of causes. Crops of grain, cotton, tobacco, &c. may
be short or abundant, the prices advancing or receding.
The manufacturers msy be successful^ unfortunate
largo quantities may be sent forward for sile to the
Southern cities, or lie actually sold to Southern or
Western merchants. Thus a variety of causes are
constantly occurring according to the regular course
of trade, toshift from place to place, and time to tune
the balance of indebtedness.
A well organized system of Exchange will l>e able
by the use of funds, and the discount of drafts at vari
ous dales, in anticqiation of results, to sell or buy Hill*
of Exchange to meet these various and varying bal
ances, without allowing the rate of Exchange to run
above the cost of shipping specie. This system will
necessarily cause the loss of interest 011 large sums of
money, but this can, to some extent, be overcome by a
proper arrangement.
In the same manner a balance wheel to machinery
operates as an impediment, while it performs the part
of a regulator. A system of Exchange ojierates imper
ceptibly as a regulator. It neither accelerates or do
orcases legitimate business, but produces an equali
?ed action through any section of our country, and
every department of industry. To effect all these ob
jects so much desired by the country, requires but a
comparatively small amount of funds, and therefore
but little power beyond tho ability U> do good, by a
systematic application of money and credit to the le
gitimate business of equalizing the rale of Exchange,
and permitting a limited general currency.
Uucslion. By cqualiizng tho Exchanges, will the
currency lie increased or diminished 1
Question. What is the practical oration of two
currencies 1
Extract of a letter from an Editor of a paper in Cin
cinnati, to hit friend in this city, dated 15M April.
" The news of the appointment of Col. W. H. 1
Taylor (son-in-law of Gen. Harrison) as Postmaster
in this city reached here yesterday, thiough your let
ter and which as far as I can learn, was the only one
received hero on the subject. Wc instantly had It
out on our Bulletin and the intelligence flew like wild
fire thiough the city. Our office was crowded .he
whole forenoon, to sec if the news could be correct.
Never did any appointment give more joy. It is
thought if the direct sense of the c'Ky could lie obtain
ed '.m in every thousand would joyfully ratify tho
appointment. It is considered as one of the most just,
delicate and generous compliments that President
Tyler could have paid to the afflicted and comparative
ly destitute family of the late President. Independ
ent of these considerations no man in the city is con
sidered better qualified for the station.
A correspondent complains that s?me Whigs and
Loco Focos in this District have conspired together to
aiJ rach other in the pursuit and retention of office.
The Whigs, he says, exert themselves to retain cor
tain IjOCo Focos in office, and the Laco Focos o,ierate
by some indirect means to advance the interest of
certain friendly Whigs. Such a system of log rolling
is reprehensible in the highest degree, an.l we have *0
doubt it will b.' defeated and punished, as all snob in
trigues and corruptions ought to l>e.
Mr. JOHNSON'S SPEECH.
The indication of Mr. Johnson's speech has been
unavoidably delayed till now. It will be found not the
less interesting probably for that. It handles the sub
ject of tariff, manufactures, finances, Ac with ability
and g.H?l temper, and is worthy of observation, par
licularly as coming from a Southern man.
OFFICIAL.
APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRSEIDENT.
UNO OKPICfcH.
Ralph Guild, Receiver of Public Money* al
Jackson, Mo., vice Ftux Al l.i n.
Nathan Wi:iwii:h, Ueceirer of Public Mo
ncys at Natchitoches, I>a., rice Hknoit Lau
HCNT8.
JOHN TYLER,
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA.
TO AI.I. to whom it mat concern.
Satisfactory evidence having been exhibited to me
that Lalrkn?ic A. Edmdnhtun Iiu been BMioinletl
Vice Consul of Suilinii fur the State of South
Carolioa, to reside at Charkwton. 1 do hereby re
cognise him aa audi, and declare him free to exer
ciae and enjoy aurli functiona, power*. and privilege*,
a* are allowed to the Vice Conaula of the uioat favored
naliuna in the United Statea.
In testimony whereof, I have caused theae letter* to
be made patent, and the *eul of the United State* to
be hereunto alii led.
tiiven under my hand, at the city of Washington,
the IDlh day of April, A. D. 1441, and of the
I" J Independence of the Uoiled State* of Ame
rica the sixty-fifth.
JOHN TYLER.
By the President :
Daniel Webster, Secretary of State.
OUR NATIONAL POVERTY.
What haa made the nation poor 1 Bad Government.
There is no other possible cause to be found. The
enterprise of tho American people, left unsharkled, is
not only indomitable, but boundlessly prolific of pri
vate and public wealth.
Privato and public wealth is productive one of the
other, especially under a Government like our*.?
When the people are prosperous, the Government will
be rich, and when the Government is good, the people
will be prosperous. Nothing can make the American
people and their Government poor, but the fault of the
latter.
When Gen. Jackson camc into power, wo were a
rich and prosperous nation; and General Jackson said,
when he retired, that he left the nation 11 prosperous
and happy." If this was true then, it i* riot so now.
It take* year* of bad Government to break down a na
tion like this, and General Jackson began it in the
latter part of hia term. The ability and resource* of
the nation, which, under General Jackson's first term,
enabled u* to pay oil the national debt, were tho fruit*
of a long preceding good manngement of our public af
air?; and we are now reaping the fruit* of that long pre
ceding bad management which General Jackson in
troduced, and Martin Van Buren carried out to its
consummation. There is no getting away from tho
truth of this feature of our pa*t history.
We are prepared to prove, by incontrovertible sta
tiatic*, that before thi* nation shall have emerged com
pletely, by the return of good Government now looked
.or and we trust begun, from the disadvantages to
which the administrations of General Jackson and
Martin Van Buren have subjected us, our national
prosperity and wealth will have suffered more than
the whole national debt ot Great Britain.
We were rich. That is well known. Wearenow
poor. That is equally well known. We will add,
it wa* no trifling cause that could have made this nation
poor. There is no nation on the globe, which has
the resources and enterprise combined, to promote na
tional wealth, which we have, and nothing is required
to attain this end beyond the limits of any definite
measure, and in constantly accumulating proportion*,
but a Government adapted lo our physical, moral, so
cial, and |??litical condition. We want nothing but
freedom and free (rude.
By the term free trade, we mean much. The
amount of it is this: Let the people have their own
way, and give theui a sound and adequate currenry.
Everyone can best manage his own affair* of business.
But this part of freedom will be of little consequence,
ifthccurrcncy, which is the sole mediumof trade, is
l>othbad and insufficient.
1 he late dynasty will be characterized in history, a*
that period of the American Republic, when the Gov
ernment hail the folly and audacity to uage war on
the national currency, and succeeded in destroying it
lo the destiuclion of the nation's prosperity. WV arc
a poor, suffering, banktupt |ieople, all the consequence
of Ibis foul quackery and rccklexsness. The very
mention of it, proves it to ail observation. Every man
that open* hall of one eye, sees and knows it all.
It will take time to recover from this terrible shock,
which the nation has received from such bail manage
ment. 1 lie whole ot tho year 1840 was spent in get
ting out of such bad haiids, suffering all the while un
der the worst effects. That wa* one stage, and a great
one. Now wo have but a moment's time to survey the
wreck and ruin that has been made of us, ami to sum
mon all our energies to repair these desolations. Un
der the guidance of wise councils, much is cxpcctcd of
the approaching session of Congress. The sub-Trea
sury must go quick to its deserved doom, known and
hated of all men, the instrument of tyrants, and the
?coin of the free. Then will come the task of re-es
tablishing the currency. Facilis [descensus averni,
sed reroenre etc. It wa* easy to break it down, and
an agony that followed; but hard will be the work to
set thing* right again. Nevertheless, it must be done.
The nation feels it, knows it. All are ready, all im
patient. Tho period of misery has become insuffera
ble. We are a people that must have something to do,
and something to do with. The latter must be provi
ded by the Government. In six months we hope to
see things in better order, and the prospects before us
brighten.
The Steam Ship Columbia arrive,! at Boston on
Monday. She left Liverpool on the 4th inst. There
is very little news. The English have been discussing
the McLcod question with great ardor. The arrival
of President Harrison'* Inaugural tended to allay the
excitement, and a better feeling began to prevail. The
London Globe says : " The Inaugural Address of the
new President is considered decidedly pacific. No
new/ur/s connected with the disputes is recorded, but
it was generally believed in Ameiica that McLeod
would Ik- given up, and thus the danger of an imme
diate rupture would he avoided."
1 he Times of the '2d inst. says: " Government re
ceived despatches from Mr. Fox by the same steamer
which brought our letter* and |iapers, anil these des
patches leave no doubt of an amicable and immediate
settlement between tho United States and Great Bri
tain, as far as regards the question of McLeod. Mr.
Fox has received a communication lo that effect from
the American Government couched in the most con
ciliatory language."
Anarchical Movement.?The French Govern
ment received the following telvgrapluc despatch from
Marseilles, March 24th.
" Prefect <f U,e Huushfs du /{hone to the Minister qf
the Interior.
" Some anarchists of the lower class attempted a
movement last night; we were on our guard. From
12 to 1 f> individuals, mo?t of them bearers of arms and
cartridges, have been arrested. Justice is making in
quiries. Everything is perfectly tranquil."
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.
The sale* ot the week, ending the 27lh ult , were
I5,<>?M> bale*; 3570 Upland at 6 1-4 7 3-8 ; 3000 Mo
bile, Ac., t> 1-4 lo 7 3-8; f>000 New Oilcans, G 1-4 to
8 I "J.
The sales of the week, ending April 3d, are 18,700
bales, of which 1,700of American ate placed to spe
culation account, and 1,300of various descriptions for
exportation. There was also forwarded into the in
terior unsold last month, l.tftJO bales. The quote the
[jtifc* of all desertions I Hd to I 4d lower this week,
| with a flat and heavy market at the decline.
Sbummars.
Solemn ami imposing ceremonies in honor of (he
hte President, lute b?-en olwerved it Norfolk, V*.,
Wilmington, Del., Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore,
and many olhey cities anil lowna of the Union.
1 be FhiU(Jrl|il,u Standard baa been merged in I be
North American.
It i* stated, we observe, in the |>aper?, that Mr. Ty
ler is a widower. This ia a mistake. Mra. Tyler ia
expected to join her family in the Prraidential Man
aion aa aoon aa her delicate health will permit. In the
meantime, Mr. Tyler will be accompanied by a daugh
ter and three aona.
Walter (orward, Fmj , lat Comptroller, and Hon.
Philo C. Puller, 2d Aaa't. P. M. General have, reflec
tively, entered ujiou the duties of their office*.
Hon. Willie P. Mangum deliver* a funeral oration
on the life and character of Qcn. Ilarriaon at Hills
borougli, N. C., on the '21lh inat.
The news of the President'* death produced a pro
found aenaalion at Detroit, St. Louia, Naahville, ami
New Orleans. Public meeting* were called, and the
people and their corporate authoritiea passed appropri
ate revolution*, and took other measure* indicative of
their deep ?en?e of Ihe Ion* the nalion had sustained.
'I he pa)>eri from every quarter come clad in mourning.
Truly ha* the affticliug event |iut " a nation in tear*."
Rev. J. N. Mallit haa been appointed Profeaaor of
Elocution and Helle* loiter* in St. Charles College,
Mo.
T. P. Marshall, Kmj , delivered a eulogy on the life
and character of the late R. H. Mqnefee at Leiing
ton, on tlie 12th inat.
We regret to learn that Gov. Jainea Barbour i* lying
dangerously ill at Baltimore.
Hon. John C. Calhoun ia on a vi*it to Alabama.
A Convention of Business Men i* called to meet
at Harriaburg on the 2r>th of May.
The Hon. Alexander H. Everett haa been appointed
President of Jcflenmn College, St. Jame* Pariah, La.,
and ha* accejited the appointment.
Illinoii.?There are four Loco-Foco candidate* for
Congress in the diatrict lately represented by Gov.
Reynolds.
J oh n T. Stuart, Esq., i* a candidate in the North
ern Diatrict, a* yet without opposition.
Guv. Casey i* a candidate for re-election.
IV John Tyler, Fathei of Piesident Tyler, suc
ceedcd Benjamin Harrison, Father of the late Preii
dent Harrison, in 1781, a* Speaker of the Virginia
House of Delegate*. John Tyler, the aon of the for
mer Sjieaker Tyler, succeeded W. H. Harrison, aon
ol Benjamin Harrison, as President of the United
Slate*.
Edmund Ilarriaon has Iteen appointed President of
the Branch Hank of Alabama, at Mobile, vife Jno.
U. Norri* resigned.
Edward Kent i* re-nominated tu Republican candi
date for Governor of Maine.
James Murray, of Anna|>oliH, and Francis Galla
gher, of Baltimore, are the opposition nominations for
Congre-s, in the Baltimore District.
The pursuit of the Hon. forger, C. F. Mitchell,
seem* to tie given up. He has probably gone to Eu
rojic.
Mr. Nicholas Biddle Ins written a fourth letter re
lative to the Pennsylvania Bank of the U. S.
We hare received the first number of a weekly
pamphlet called "The Volunteer," published at Ro
chester, N. Y., by W. L. Mackenzie. It i* embel
lished with a |*ermanent vignetle repiesenting the
burning Caroline going over the Fall* of Niagara, a
murdered man lying in the foreground, and a flag of
" liberty" over Navy Island.
The following requiem was sung at New Haven,
on Saturday, duiing the funeral ceremonies of that
day:
ItEUUIEM.
UY JAMES U. PEHCIVAL.
\Vcbbc'? " Come ye Disconsolate."
Low in his narrow house darkly reposing,
Calmly the great and good sinks to his rest.
Though ihe grave over him dimly is closing,
Weep not?his dwelling is now wilh the bleat.
Afterlife's fitful dream, gently declining?
Doves sleep not so filler, warm in their nest,
Soon a new morning dawns, cheerfully shining
Soon he awakens, to livo with the blest.
Well bath he done hi* taak, nobly contended,
Firm for his Fatherland battled the foe,
Bright too in |ieace hath shone?all now is ended ,
Patriot and Hero, here lieth he low.
Be not disconsolate!?He is ascending,
W here his Sire welcomes hiin home to his love,
Spirit* of other days, over him bending,
Fondly invite him to join them above.
There arc three versions of Gen. Harrison's dying
speech; we give them all:
1. Dk. Wohtuincton'h.
"Sir: 1 wish you to understand the true principles
of the government. I wish them carried out. 1 ask
nothing more."
2. Mk. Vaiciian'h (the cupper.)
."Sir: I wish you to consider the true principles of
the government. I wish them carried out."
'4. A Bystander's (reported in the N. Y. Signal.)
" I wish you to understand the principles that govern
me ; 1 wish them carried out: 1 ask nothing more."
Murmonism.?The corner stone of the temple, aliout
being erected by the Mormons at Nauvoo, (III.) was
laid on the sixth inst., in the presence of a large con
course of people. Mr. lligdon, one of the leader*,
oilicialcd.
There was a celebration on Saturday at Providence,
R. I., by those who are in favor of the extension of the
right of suffrage. A procession was formed and gra
ded through the streets of the city, and an ox was roast
wd entire upon Jefferson plain*.
Michigan Loan.?The Governor sent a special
message to the Legislature, on the 10th inst., announ
cing the protest of the drafts on the U. S. Bank to the
amount of $183,000, and lecomiuending thai an agent
tie sent to Philadelphia at once, to look alter the rights
and interests of Michigan. It was understood that
the Hank offered to pay the instalments in its own
notes at a discount of 4 |ier cent.
Mrs. Harrison hud reached Cincinnati on her
way to Washington the morning on which the intel.i
gence of the President's death reached there. She
bears her bereavement I letter than, in her infirm state
of health, could have been hoped. Most ol her family
are near her, to support and comfort her.
Goon.?The editor of a Missouii |?|>er says, " the
good |>eople of that vicinity are keeping lent." To
which our neighbor of the U nited#State* Gaxette add*
?" We imagine that that ia one of the beat signs of
goodness that can tie ndduced, liec.iuse we find that
the very best of our books ' keep lent.' "
In another column will lie found an article showing
the analogy lielween (wirts of the testimony delivered
by Mr. R. M. Whitney before a committee of Con
gres* in 1832, and some of the developments just
made by the Committee of Stockholder* in relation to
ihe Hank of the United States. We have inserted it
as art act of justice to an individual who has lieen
whistled down the wind without mercy. Some men,
guilty of the most flagitious crimes, flourish in the
sunny favors of society, while another is |?rsecuted, if
not hanged, for looking ovei a hedge. Such i* the
equal justice of the world.
The officers of the U. S. Army now in this city,
paid their reiqiect* on Wednesday, in a liody, to the
President of the U. 8i"
ro* THE marisonian.
MH R m. WHITNEY ANI) THE HANK
UNITED STATES
the rrpon of th? CammiUM ufihe
Stockholders of the U. 8. Bank, we were forc.bly
minded ?f ,b? strong analogy between some of (he
transitions of ihe B.?k detailed in that report and
"f" " ^ b* M' Whitney in Ihe UMi^oo,
?""" '?' h'u' in 1?32, t*f"re * Committer Con
gress.
On referring to public document, we find Mr.
i ?*'? U,e ru,l,min? t~Umo?y : ? Some time
' " ' '? Walker and Mr. Andiewa mentioned
" me that aome transactions had taken ,4?-e in the
Bank which T. & J. Q. Biddle were concerned,
* I ley were not willing should exi*t without
rm,r T":U'r or ** Board being informed of them.
RM a lU'y Thf rejdied chat T. & J. Q
Biddle had been .n the habit of coming to the Hank
?ndgetlmg mo,,, ,. ind ,wing eetli6eilt? of ^
whjch it, i? ,he First Teller , drawer,
without p.,?? interest. They also ?Med, that ,he
til P '"d for then, by
the IWe^t, which wore entered on the hooka of the
preceding discount day. ! asked them what aum.
ier. were of the kind in eiiaience at that time. They
went with me to the First Teller1, drawer, and w'l
J;rU,l?D''U"; ?' "f'"00' ^?tl. May, and on.
for ?84 (WO dated 86th May. We went to the di.
Count Clerk. desk, and found one note at fifteen
day., dated Idtli May, fur **>,000, of T Biddle'.
and one note of Charle. Biddle'., dated 21st May at
sixteen day., for ?38,3I9. The two former sun-re
presented ca.h, an.l the two latter notes-which they
staled to me, had been discounted by order of the Pre
sident. Of all theae, I made a memorandum [now
produced] at the time, which corresponds with the en
Cries now in the book, now ahown to me.
" Immediately after examining the l>ooks, I came
into the President's. room and communicated lo him
what had been communicated to me, and what I had
earned by examining Ihe books. After staling this
I des.red that nothing of a aimilar nature .hould oc
cur wlnle I wa. a Director of the Bank. He told me
there .hould not.
" I directed the officer, to enter on the booka the
money that hail been loaned from the Teller', drawer,
and which wai represented by stock certificate.. It
wa? done ; I did not ?ce it done, but I know it was
done. Subsequently I .aw this entry of ' bills re
ceivable,' which I knew was the entry made for that
purpose. In the entry on the semi-weekly statement,
or .tale of the Bank, under date of 27th May, under
' b,IU '?cceival.le,' the sum of StW.OOO i. entered, which
is the exact amount of tho two aunn of #45,000 and
$'<24,000, represented by stock certificate, in Ihe Tel
ler'. drawers."
Mr. Whitney stated, subsequently, that he might
have been in error as to tho loan, from the Teller',
diawer having been made without inteiest; and, also,
a. to the time he remonstrated with Ihe President in
regard to those unauthorized trai.sactions; in place of
having done ?o at the moment he was informed of
them, It must have been done three or four days sub
sequently. Thi., however, was a merecircum.tance;
the fact, were confirmed by the book, of the Bank|
which were produced at the time.
For hi. testimony, Mr. Whitney wa*denounced and
vilified for year., in and out of Congress, in a manner
without a prccedcnt in (his or any other country, and
with a force and power which would have over
whelmed almost any private individual.
In a memorial which Mr. Whitney presented to
Congress, vindicating himself from the allegations
against him, made in a report of a minot?ty of the
Committee, and, also, of an individual member of that
minority ; after referring to the character and influ
ence of his assailants, he soys?" Nor is this all the
foice that has been been arrayed against your memo
rialist. His aMailants, besides all their other advan
tages, bring to their aid against him, to add weight to
their denunciations, the influence of high station.?
He i. attacked from an eminence, lie stand, as an
obscure citixen, before a high tribunal of justice,
brought there as a witness, to give tvidence before it
in a cause which it is to try. And he is assailed and
denounced as a perjured ' informer,'' stimulated' to
invent ' an artfully devised story,' 'a fabrication ut
terly destitute nf truth or foundation,' a. ,ubla,ted
monument of the speedy and retributive justice if
lleaven f "
We now turn to the ro,>ort of ihe Committee of
the Stockholders. In that, after detailing the evil con
sequences to ihe interests of the Bank f.om "the
loose and irregular manner in which the business of
loaning money was conducted," the Committee s?y?
"Tho established course of business seems to have
been, for the First Teller to pay on presentation al the
counter, all checks, notes, or duo bills, having cn
doised the order or the initials of ono of the Cashiers,
and to place these vouchers in his drawer, for so mucli
J cash, where they remained until just before the regu
lar periodical counting of the cash, by the Standing
Committee of the Board on the state of the Bank.?
These vouchers were then taken out and entered as
' bills receivable,' in a small memorandum book, under
the charge of one of the Clerks. These bills were not
discounted, but bore interest payable semi-annually,and
were secured by a pledge ofstock, or some other kind
of property." " As illustrative of tho extent of these
transactions, it may be proper to state thai the sum to
tal of ' bill, receivable'
" On the 4th March, 183(5, was $0,231,663 85
On the 4th March, 1837, 8,183,445 01
On the 4th March, 1838, 7,220 503 2">
On the 4th March, 183!?, 0,772 731 HO
On the 4th March, 1840, 4,041,704 94"
" These loans (says the report) were generally in
large amount.. In the list of debtors on * bills re
ceivable of the first of January, 1837, twenty-one
individuals, firms and companies, stand charged, cuch
with an amount of one hundred thousand dollars and
upwards. One firm of the city received accommoda
tions of this kind l>etween August, I83.r>, and Novem
ber, 1837, to the extent of 4,213,878 dollars 30 cents,
more thou half of which was obtained in 1837. The
officers of the Bank themselves received in this way
loans to a large amount."
Here is set forth by the Committee, transactions in
the Bank, of unauthorized and irregular character, lo
the extent of millions each year, year after year, of
precisely the same character as those detailed by Mr.
Whitney in his testimony. The same mode continu
ed of making loans out of the Teller's drawer, and !
leaving the si-curilies received there to represent cash,
until chargeil to the account " bills receivable," as
was done in the former case, with the exception of be
ing done in the latter in a small memorandum book in
place of th? ledger of the Bank.
Mr. Whitney, in his memorial, also refers to other
unauthorized transactions by the President of the
Bank prior to 1824 j such as Ins purchasing foreign
B.lls of Exchange of T. Biddle, aft* the same had
l?een refused by those authore d to make the pur
'hases, also, of his allowing interest on deposites to
I. &i J. O. Biddle, after similar applications had been j
made by others and refuse*! by the Board.
The magnitude of the unauthorized transactions in
the Bank which have contributed to ils downfall and
the ruin of thousands of innocent stockholders, ss
|>ortrayed by the Committee's report, ran hardly fail,
we should think, to bring the mind of the public lo a
lull realization of the lank injustice, nay, persecution,
to which Mr. Whitney has been subjected for the last
nine years. In alluding lo it, we have done an act of
sheer justice in thecau:.e of individual rights.
A number of communications are necemarily post
jioned. Many nf them shall yet have a place.
The voles cast Corrrsponftfitfr.
of our city were cauvasst v
ru'* majority it under 40<i!l<K* ^J'r'l 31.
turns I seul you in my last were "(fuMayor
those for Phuruix were added up HKI, and lu.
fur Morris 60 less than (bey should have lieen.
Two voles returned for Hubt. \l. Morris were
allowed by the county canvassers, making his
majority 3**8, as follows:
Whole uuuiber of voles for Mayor - 343,43^2
Hubert II. Morris had ... 18,001
J. Phillips Pho-nix ? - 18,2fX?
S. F. B. Morse - - - 78
Scattering .... 45
Morris's majority over Plm-nix - 398
Morris's majority over all * - 275
This is a shameful failure on our part. We
must beat tlieni in the Fall; but it would have
been much easier to do it now and then than
then alone. We shall have to begin early and
woik Hard to beat them at all, when if 500 of
our 2,000 terrapins had given us ten minutes of
their time last week, we should have nailed up
Loco Focoism in this city for the next three
years.
The McLeod debate was eoutinued in the
Assembly at a session held on Monday evening.
Mr. Hofi'man spoke at length, and with great
force, in favor of his proposition that McLeod
should be released?or rather, that the Attorney
General should have discretion to discontinue
the prosecution. Mr. S. C. Hawi.ey, of Pulfalo,
defended the conduct of our frontiers-men, and
argued that the Caroline was a very harmless,
well-meaning vessel, and ought not to have been
molested. Mr. Paul Ghout, of this city, demur
red to s line of Mr. Hoffman's propositions, in
sisting .hat the officer or subject of one Govern
ment, if ordered by his superiois to commit hos
tilities cut of the dominions of that power, obey
ed at his peril. (This doctrine would justify
the hanging as pirates or robbers, of any of Gen.
Jackson's army in Florida in 1818, whom the
Spaniards might have caught there.) Finally
the House adjourned, to hold a special session
every evening until the subject shall be dispo
sed of.
The appointments received last night are well
received here. I think a better lot have not
readied us. Mr. Stilwell has acquired much
popularity by his earnest, zealous, protracted ef
forts to liberalize our laws respecting the rela
tion of Creditor and Debtor, by abolishing Im
prisonment for Debt and enacting a National
Bankrupt Law. Mr. J. A. Spencer is one
of the very ablest lawyers in our State, and de
servedly esteemed wherever known. And what
Whig does not rejoice when such men as Baliu
Peyton receives favor at the hands of those
whom the People have honored? Geohge C.
Bati:u, of Michigan, I know, too, to be one of
the most ardent and deserving Whigs in the
country. I rejoice to see such men remember
ed.
You will have the foreign news by the Co
lumbia in your Boston and New York papers.
It is of little moment, but its tenor is satisfactory.
It makes no change in cotton here. Stocks
(bank) are a shade lower this morning. U. S.
Bank, 18 a 3-8. Yours, IIahoi.d.
The funeral obsequies in commemoration of the
Into revered President were performed with much so
lemnity in Philadelphia, on Tuesday laat. The pro
cession was more than two miles in length, and up
wards of 20,000 people participated in the solemnities,
comprising the local coiporations, the military of the
city and ailjacent counties, the officers ofthe Army
and Navy, and all the literary and benevolent socie
ties. The most interesting part of the procession was
the numerous literary associations of young men,
composed of clerks, apprentices, and o|>erati ves, who
with a most praiseworthy intent devote their Icisuru
hours to self-education and mental improvement.
Nearly three thousand members of these associations
were in the procession. The Temperance societies
numbered several thousand. The Funeral Car was
drawn by 8 horses, and wna strewed with llowers. Tho
numerous banners shrouded in deep mourning?the
waving plumes and c raped standards of the military,
and the immense length of the procession presented n
most imposing spectacle. All the shops were closed,
the hells of the churches tolled, and minute guns were
firing from the Washington Square and the Navy
Yard. The Theatres were hung in black, with
Hags .at half mast, and remained closed during the
evening. The heavens were shrouded in a deep pall
of cloud, and we|>t sympathetic dro|is of rain. The
day was one of general gloom, And at night the city
wore a profound sabbath-likc stillness while tho
tolling bells were calling the |>eoplcto prayer and medi
tation.
Governor Porter has again interposed his veto. A
bill granting to a church power to sell certain lands
was vetoed on the ground that it invalidated the title
of a ceitain Mr. Smith.
We have received a number of (SM'tical tributes to
the memory of Gen. Harrison. The publication of
all of them woald lie impracticable, and perhaps the
insertion of a few invidious. The following verse
concludes a piece from Tiumhull Co., Ohio:
" Wherever the banner of Freedom shall flutter,
Hi* name will lie dear to each patriot breast ;
Hut dearer, far dearer than language can utter,
That name will l>e held by his own faithful West."
U. S. Maiisiui,?Our information from Washing
ton leads Us to believe that Silas M. Stilwell will lie
ai>|M>inted United States Marshal of the Southern
District. Those who know and appreciate the jxililicaI
services of Mr. Stilwell, and duly estimate his active
benevolence, together with his s.iund |?>htical charac
ter and ability, will feel gratified that this re|albican
ofthe old school has lieen designated for that otiice ?
N. V. /'.'renin# Star.
MADISON 1IOUSK,
No. 3ft North HeroiKl-ntrcrt, Philadelphia.
C-, EOROE PKKItP.I., Proprietor of the Brandy
X wine Springs, would inform his friends ami the
public, that he has taken the shove elegant Establish
ment, anil sol i< its a continuance of the patronage here
tofore so lilierally extended to it, and also that he will
open the
BRANDVWINE SPRINGS
for the reception of visiters on the 10th day of June,
(looms can lie previously engaged by calling on or ad
dressing the proprietor, Madison House, Philadelphia,
april 2.1- 3in
A
NATIONAL. BANK, its necessity, ami .nosl
M advisable form.
Just published (in New York) in |>nmphlet, ran
tainmg also Minutes of Evidence, taken in England
before the House of Commons Currency Committee.
This day received for sale by F. TAYLOR, who
has for sale a large collection of valuable works, many
of them imported direct from England, on Currency
and Finance, Commerce and other branches of Politi
cal Economy. apii^l
MACAOLAYI MISCELLAfffSS New edi
tion, with the addition of the 3d volume.
Just received, for sale by
F. TAYLOR,
april 10 Immediately East of Oadsby "a,