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7 I * ^ j m _ ^ THE MADI80NIAN. "' . a ?_' I/ I ^l^Af^Ar ^ + A "ff occ**UH)? ^*u?? H embraced ?eveial srticiea ? ?* ? ME.8. y . M [| /-"s which lelaie 19 alitui deliberated epon tetween A A/A M Vw y^r'/w China and JuigUud, and which w<M? dissimilar to the Clr Snbecribers may remit by ?ai!,ia bill# ofaol- A A A MX. ^ I A \A AAA M / Mm A \ A A ?*her arUclee that may apply ?u other neUous, there*eat b?nlte,pa?lajr?paid, at ourruk; provided il it hall I I | . AAA I I A mfmM A A A A ^nA A A fore they were not copied. An 10 the Consul Forl*s appear by thepoatmnater'scertilicatejt hat auch remit- A IV/ Al/ A, IJ.JLI A/A P H A Ay A A J, A A/> opuiiug uud reading iuy public despatches, it was *11 tanee has been duly nailed. ? A 'T uniulenlionaJ mutate, and therefore it is uunece?4TBRM8: _ r >?? > / ry to institute deliberations upou it. Uereafter, Daily par annum, (in advance,) - - -#10 00 ?/v , 7; , ??- r.- ^r=~ ?: : ban I,U?a acting Governor Gaiaral have dcapaichJZrZnt!""" '' 3 00 V0L' m"N0' <*> ] WASHINGTON: TUESDAY, MARCH 18, 1845. ~ T WHOLE NOT2038. w..kl. ... 2 00 jgB?BgB!BBgaBBHiaa>nMi^ ' . ' *" bouse of legation. ?mm?The frigate's entering port being opposed to the es Or All letters must be addressed (free of postage) I to the editor. Postmasters throughout the Union are requested to act as our agents. Those who ussy particularly exert themselves in extending the circulation ot this paper, will not qnlv he allowed a liberal commission on sums remitted, but receive our warmest thanks. WSmSpSSfMeMWSWiMWMpMiSMSMSMS 8ATUADAY EVENING, MARCH 15, 1845. ~ FALSE ALARMS. Some of the Whig letter-writers are striving to create a belief that great dissatisfaction prevails in various sections of the Democratic party, and that the Administration is soon to be overwhelmed with internal discord. This is labor in vain. There is no hostility meditated by any portion of the Democratic People against the President?and there will be no rupture, or anything resembling it. Both parties desire repose and tranquillity ; and the mutterings of a few disappointed cliqueleaders will not suffice to throw the country into an excitement, any more than a few wind-instruments could agitate the ocean. k / The country cares nothing about the pretended grievances of unsuccessful office-seekers: it only desires a wise and honest administration of the Government. And if Mr. Polk and his Cabinet will only secure the latter, the masses will protect them against the resentments of the former. The measures of men in power live after them : but mere rewards and punishments by those in authority, by means of appointments and removals, can never add to a statesman's fame. By appointing a partisan to office, and dismissing a man when no official misconduct is alleged against him, if the one should be true and grateful, the other will be incensed and re vengeful. Whereas, a good administrative measure of the Government subserves the interests of the whole country, and showers its benefits equally on friend and foe. We repeat that for any clique, or any section, to attempt to produce an excitement in the Republican party to intimidate the Executive, or to coerce the Administration into the adoption of an improper course of conduct, would be to attempt an impossibility. The policy of the head of the Government, so far, has met the unequivocal approbation of the entire, or almost the entire, paitv which elected him ; and a nerseve ranee in that mild and conciliatory course, will undoubtedly continue to receive their approval. It is too late now for certain restless politicians to object to Mr. Polk's conduct; they will only have their labor for their pains. No committals, further than his principles, and the policy of bis Republican predecessors, were required of him ; and now it is too late to demand that he shall become subservient to the selfish schemes of those who may strive to succeed htm. THE SECRETARY OF WAR. We must decline the communications from Albany,replying with great severity to the attack of the Allai on Gov. Marcv.and, indeed, on President Polk. We do not consMer 'the matter of ?ufficienfrnoffietitTb tnerit Teply. The Atlas, as we have more than once demonstrated, does not represent any party of the People, bu: merely a very limited clique of politicians by profession, whose purposes and interests are diametrically o, posed to those of the great body of the Republican party. Indeed the Atlas has no circulation of consequence, and it is quite certain it cannot exist many months longer. As to the President's appointment of the Secretary of Wai, we hsve sufficient pvidence in the liberal and weli-eatablirhed journals of the State, to know that it was a popular appointment, and gave far more satisfaction than the selection of any of the favorites of the Atlas would have done. We venture to say there is not another pres*, pretending to he Democratic, in the State of New York, that will uller one word of dissatisfaction at the appointment of W. L. Mahcy. By way of contrast to the strictures of the AUai, we append llie following confident remarks from the Albany Altars: " The next four years will he pregnant with great events. Texa. will be the mother ol States, and Oregon will be occupied by our government These measures will create some feeling in Lnpland, but President Polk is the man for the crisis In his extended patriotism end sound judgment his countrymen repose that confidence which gives him the power to act with effect, while in his firmness, integrity an I attachment to his native land, foreign nato n- will perceive that he will " ask nothing hut what is right, and submit to nothing wrong." This commanding moral attitude will at once secure the rights, whiie it will preaerve the pe ce of our country " Nominations. ? We have been informed that the Senate !ia?e confirmed the nominations, by the President, of Prosper M. Wetniore, as Naval Officer at New Yo;k; William Parmenter as Na^il Officer at Boston, and Benj. G. Shields, of Alabama, as Charge d'Affaires to Venerue'a, in the place of Ves; alian F.llis. The Smate have been in srssior every day thi week. and it is suppo.ed thai they will adjourn, sin' die, about Wednesday next. WiBMim. ?A little rirl 10 this rifr several riinhts ' since, in looking for something which she had accidentally dropped on the chamber floor, near the bed in which her staler was asleep, brought the candle so near to the covering as to communicate the flame Unconscious of what she had done, the returned to the parlor, and resumed her seat in the family circle. < The servant being in the yard, law through the win- i dew a light in the chamber, rapidly increasing in vol- i ume and brightness; and, becoming alarmed, she i ran eod informed ber mistress. On repairing to the room, the danger was apparent?the bed clothes were in a blare, and there lay the child,about eleven yesrs of age, still asleep and thus exposed. Bhe was i awakened by her parents, who discovered that her I right arm was very badly, but not dangerously, burned. Thi Hon. Isaac Bates.? There was a report in the city thia morning that the Hon Uaac B*te?,one of the Senators from Massachusetts, expired last night The rumor, however, we hi-c taker ;a,.-.. .? tni.wm 1 ourselves, ia not true; although thia gentleman is lying dangerously ill, and there t* hut liule proheKib , ty of his recovery. Accident?A friend informs us that one of the boys employed in the office of the National Intelligencer, yesterday had hii hand shockingly crushed by the mechinery of one of the power presses in that aataMiahment. i ARRIVAL OF THE A8THOLOOER! Mi. Hague, the editor of the Huroacopc, published in Philadelphia, is now at the Globe Hotel, where we presume he can be consulted as to the things of the future?or, at all events, he will be pleased to receive orders for his periodical. EPIGRAM. A correspondent of the National intelligencer has furnished to the editor of that print the following translation of an " epigramma," from the Latin, which recently appeared in the Southern Chronicle, I viz: A. If ?t. n ?? " ? I "' ??wK, ??c \scruuiiu?Tapncr.?-vuiure complaining of her Sons Spoliation!. What daring men ! cries Nature, will ye spare? See Franklin force the clouds their boha to bury ; The Sun resigns his pencil to Daguerre, While Morse the lightning makes his Secretary. This must be the work of "II Secretario."? Mad. Mr. Calhoun.?The Richmond Compiler of Friday says that the Hon. John C. Calhoun arrired in that city on Wednesday, and departed on Thursday in the southern train, on his way home. Mr. R K Cralle, late his chief clerk, in the State Department, accompanied Mr. Calboun as far as Richmond, and there parted with him and proceeded to Lynchburg. Pennsylvania Senator.?We understand that letters have been received in the city, stating that General Simon Cameron, of Dauphin county, was yesterday elected, by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, a Senator of tne United Stales to supply the vacaucy occasioned by the resignation of the Hon. James Buchanan. Correspondence of the Madisonian. Philadelphia, March 13, 1845. Sir : Having always indulged a hope that the petty dissensions in the Democratic party would be healed by the triumphant election of Mr. Polk, you may be sure that it pains me to the quick, to witness those little pbenixes of defunct hatred, which continue to riee from some of our fami'y presses. Can it be possible that any sagacious Democrat can foresee a favorable lesult from a renewal of the disorganizing quibbles of the past'year? It seems to me that nothing but the delusion of prejudice could conjure up such phantasmagoha- I had hoped, a large portion the Democi&tic party htul hoped, that the thorough shaking hands in iavor of a common leader, would also bring about a thorough resignation of all to the discretion arid wisdom of the said leader, in at least the minor bus ne.-s of his Administration. To urge now the proscription of any one of the subdivisions of the party for the benefit of the other, would certain y be renewing the war with a vengeance ; and while it could uot possibly do good, it might do an irreparable injury. Why not carry out the original understanding, and confide these things to thr President and his constitutional advisers? To steal terms from the admirable Inaugural Address, in all things touching the patronage of the Government, my humble opinion ?, thai the public service should Us the object and theofficer the incident. Reverse this rule, and make the officer the object and the public aorvice the incident ind I respectfully submit, whether it woulJ not bo re?. rung to a weapon which the treugth of Democracy should leave to the mymidona of Fc4amliaiu%-< Vei, I flatter myself thai this is a point upon which few of u* disagree, any further than as to the terms : and phrases ?mplo/ed in our bickerings. So far, the < honor of an indiscriminate decapitation is confined to i the victor* of ls4Q. Circumvtanc** and a *ober public opini in have done much lo cortect an evil w hich ?t that time elicited ho many sight and tear*, bhall we follow ihe txaiople ihen act u* ; or shall we prolit by tl o recoil which haa left scarcely a trace of the coon-akin and log-cabin behind it'{ If there arc mcr. stock-jobbing politician* in office, as ia more than likely, why, cut iIT their heads ; and if the continuation of public opinion be withheld, it will then be tune enough 'o make an issue as lo them. In any and all case* where office* become vacant, no Democrat certainly, and but few other*, will cavil if the President fill them from the ranks of hi* friends Nor will any one, I *m sure, ol ject to his acumen and jiscretion in deciding u[K>n the particular caste of arh applicant. 'Whatever othera may say, I think you are right in lUppoong that the doctrine of rew arding men for a rote, which without such reward would never hare seen given, bad ita rise in, and ia fostered by our densely populated cities. You might have gone further and said, that the fostering of our old party bickerings wan confined pretty much to the same i[ihere I know of my own knowledge, that those able Democrats wh > led through the two-thirds rule it the llaltimore Convention, and who, upon their return, received th>< unmitigated persecutions of a din- , appointed clique, are still objects of a secret enmity and envy , and that, too, in the face of the fact ihat nothing else upon earth rescued the party from calamitous defeat The country, the unbought, honest, constant, con* stent country, not only in the South, hut in all p.irt* of the Union, would place a laurel right upon the wound, which Ihese impotent shafts would fain inflict. (Jod and librrtv will in due time, preserve all such, even in the citirs, from \ either the injuries of the one, or ihe sympathies ol the other. Judging from the tone of the Charleston Mercury, that gallant little Stale still persists in her determination lo rule or ruin. She seems to delight in di? ( playing a distrust of the whole Union If die can- 1 not control, *ne *eema to take it for granted that, like a refractory pupil at school, ahe is to l?e "kept in'' without meat or drink, for four year*. What a mistake ' Mr Buchanan, in the State Department, will, i I am sure, see that she ia neither jilted nor flirted with; he will >0# that neither her virtue, her interests, nor her talented sons, suffer either neglect or in i lull. His late speech in the Senate, savoured all of Ihe pa'metlo that the Constitution and the Union authorized. Does the Mercury require more' The unanimous confirmation of Mr Bancroft, as i well on his own account, as in compliment to the preference of Mr. Polk, mrets with the approbation r>f all men, and of almost all parties. The President has now a unit to aid hun , may a thngsnd blessings t ra?ult from hi* admirable selections H. 1 Fi.naiD* ?Under the new cnstitulion of Florida, recently admitted into Ihe Union as a Stale, an election will tie held about the Ijth of May ne*t for a governor, one repres. nt?ti?e in (nngrevs and a le riOaiiirr r > mnw ? naiort tun lorlv ofir rr prrxeiativr* The legislature will wmhl* Soul ttoa fi'h ol June, ae?l elect, beside* iU own 1 oftoer*, two United Stales Senator*, four judge* of Circuit Court, justice* of the supreme, rourt of the State, a clerk of the suprt-ma court, clerk* of the 1 court* of chancery, and attr.rney general of the Stale, four solicitor* in the circuit court*, a secretary of 8iate, 8tate treasurer and comptroller of accounts. Know fell to tha depth of four Inrhe* batwoen title? and Boston on Tueaday. : THE CHINESE NEGOTIATION. ( Continued ) [translation.] Ching, acting Governor General of Kwang Tung, Ac-, hereby communicatee an answer in reply. On the first day of the present month (April 1st, 1844)1 received the two public documents of your excellency, with whose contents I have made myself acquainted. At present the trade of every countiy with China is harmonious, and every point relating thereto is properly adjusted, which was accomplished when the Imperial Commissioner Tsiyeng, in conjunction with the present action Governor, deliberated upon and settled all the various points with the English Plenipotentiary, Potlinger, repeatedly discussing them until we had arranged and fully agreed upon them all. The Consult of every nation were, moreover, to act hi every paiticular according to this same arrangement. Henceforth, China and foreign na- 1 tions would be at peace, gladness and prosperiiy * would be without limit, and joyful contentment be ' every where diffused. I Let your excellency, in order to prove this, take the several regulations which 1, the acting Governor, ' on that occasion promulgated, and again, with your 1 excellency's Consul, Forbes, exercise the general r?-1 1 gulatious formerly with thoee which were subsc- 1 quently agreed upon, and carefully look over them ' all, and he will then know that our august Emperor 1 tenderly cherishes men from afar, and that whatever 1 would be of advantage to the merchants of every ua- ' tion has certainly been done to the utmost. I Your excellency is of course fully aware that be- 1 tween China and England, France and Portugal, * ihere is henceforth to be lasting peace and good will; 1 how much more, then, between your country's mer- ' chants, who have come here for two hundred years, 1 quietly pursuing their business, aud China, should ( there be still greuter concord and intimacy?hence- ' forth forever existing the pleasing interchanges of \ peace and good a ill. Still more need we not wait until matters occur which will require a treaiy ; and ' between our two countries this is no cause of appro- 1 hension whatever. [ Moreover, the high officer Tsiyeng has already re- 1 ceived orders to be Governor General of the two j Kwangs, and in course will come to Canton, so that ' the public business of the two countries can then he ' still more easily deliberated upon. * But it is highly necessary that I should also remark, concerning the man-o'-war Brandywinu com- f ing up to Whampoa. The Bogue makes an outer 1 portal of Kwang Tung, where an admiral is station- 1 ed to control and guard. Heretofore, the men of- * war of foreign na tons have only been allowed to * cast anchor in the seas with the n.outh of the river, a and have not been permitted to enter within. Tilts c is a settled law ol' the iand, made a long lime past ? Whainpoa is the place where merchant ships collect * togethei, not one where men-of-war can anchor.? 8 Now, since the sole desigD of merchantmen is to a trade, and men-of-war are prepared to fight, if they 1 enter the river, fright and suspicion will easily arise e among the populace?thus causing an obstacle in the 1 way of trade. Furthermore, the two countries are just about deliberating upon peace and good-will; ' and suddenly to have a man-ot-war enter the river, * while we are speaking of good faith and cultivating good feeling, has not a little the aspect of distrust. niuunij vut auitico ui mc ui/uiiiiciuiui iT^uldliiin, I it is provided that an English Government vessel shall be allowed to remain at anchor at Whampoa, and that a deputy shall be appointed to control the seamen. The design of this, it was evident, was to 1 put un end to strife, and quell disputes. But this ^ vessel is a small one, containing but few troops, and v moreover brings a petty officer, so that it is a matter , of but little consequence one way or another. 1 If your country s man-of-war Brandy win# contain u five hundred and more troops, she has also a propor- v tionately large number af guns in her, and brings a 1 commouore in her; she is in truth far different from ? the Government vessel of the British, ami it is ;nex- ** pedient for her to euter the rivei ; and there are, in th* the aflwtr, mm) things not agreeable. ' When the English Admiral Parker and Saltoun went c up to Canton last year, they took a small vessel, an J left their large men of war at anchor, in Hong Kong, 8 not entering the river in them, 1 his is plain and 8 sufficient proof of what is projier; and I accordingly, 1 in reply to your rtuelhncy, [beg] that you will clear- I f ly examine with regaid to this ship; if she ha.-, tut tj yet entered port, to require her to return immediately * to her anchorege at Macao; and, if she has entered the river, also to straightway send a message to Commodore Parker, that he sail out, and relmn wnli his ship to Macao. She certainly cannot remain long. This, too, will be full evidence ol cour v teous friendliness. ' '1 he regulati. ns of sll Governments are di?-iinilar, but the principles of reason are the same ; whence it ! is that peace and good will among nations consist in keeping within their own limits. It cannot be per- c milled to the men-of-war of other countries lightly to ' enter the mouth of the river, end remain there at an- f chor. ' 1 beg your excellency to well consider this, which is one important object of this communication. To hi* excellency the honorable the American c Plenipotentiary, Cushino, &c. Taou Hwang, 2Alh ytur 3d moon, 2d day?f.dpril 19, Ib44 ) 8 True translation : S. WELLS WILLIAMS. 1 s [Translation 1 . P rimig, \r hereby trndn a communication . (1 On the 2J of the present, 3d month, (April I9ih,) I, the acting Governor, sent a reply to your Excel- n lency, which 1 forwarded by a special mc?sengcr, to t your country1* Consul, Porbes, to he sent on. But, o unexpectedly, the said Consul had the presumption to op< n the communication himself, and exa muu it t and then refused to forward it, hut, closing up the tl envelope again, gave i1 hack to the mes enger to be ti returned. Truly thi* is not the way to conduct bu- c siness. h Besides taking the said communication, and its original envelope, and sen ling them for your Exccllen- C ry's perusal, I also send this to your F.xcelli-ncy th.it tl y. ?j may siricuy criarge me sain uoiimii to know nis c place arid not impede bu*ine-s iri this manner. d Tli * is the object of tins communication ti To his kisceilenry the honorable the American L f'lempotenliary, Ct'?HlKo, U\ '1 aou Kwako, 24/k tpar, 3d moon, 2d day, f.ipril Is VMh ) True translation : S.W.WILLIAMS. tl fT ranslatlon.] 1 Cl thing, acting Governor General of thr tiro kwang Vc hereby itndi a c ommunication Whereas your Kxcellenoy haunt; sent a corno>nm- uf nation respecting Commodore Parker's mi n-nl-war | ruiering the n*er, to which I, ihe acting Governor, have already fully and clearly replied in a j re pa red oj statement, a* la on record, arid which I suppose you have ere. thia received and examined It now appears tha1 your honorable ennntrs '* Cemmodore Parker lias already brought hi- ship into the ( river, snd anchored her in B enheiau's reach ; ami has 1 a|.it sent in a comrounication, in *hich he rav* he i Ji wisher lo give * solute o( twenty-one guna, and to ^ come to ihis office to pry ha* respects. Now, a It Lot gb this is *11 very peaceful, and done with the l>crt inutntions, still it is against ihe regulations of the coundy and can hardly lie granted. ( A- well as sending an answer replying to Commarlnre Parker, I als.i ninke a copy of it, and send it for your Rirellency's inflection; and, moieover, trouble ^ you to re nil a message to Commodore Paik.-r to tukc ^ J his ship and return to Macao, and anchor there, j This wiil he evidence of vnur courtei us friendliness " in<l good will. I hop* it will \}P rjuirkfy d. nc, withr?ut delay Thi? i* the onject of mis c< mmumratn n- f* Taut Kwako,'24f/t ytur, 3d moon, 3d day, (.Ipril 20, 1841.) I Sl I w [Hero follows the letter to Commodore Parker | -j Ji communication in Rtyly A On the second day in the present month (April ' l' ID) I received your Krrellency's communication, from *' which I hive learned that join country'* msn-of-war *r liaa already anchored at Blenheim'* teach. AHhouah ' he intention of so doing was to wxtch over and au- rl perintrnd the trade, that it suffer no illegal hinder ^ iinces, and to guard again?t pirates, still, according to the ratabliabed iawi of this country, it i* only jier.uii- w ted for men ef-war without the Rogue at Macao or Hong Kong, nor Can they presume to come into the ri?er without permission. ,0 When your Excellency first arrived in the Central n' Flowery Laud, yon were unacquainted with her lawa m itul prohibitions?that it wa* against the law* for inen- g if-war to tinier the river. Having previously receiv. g id the public officer's (Cuehing'e) communication, 1, I he acting Governor, have fully and clearly staled to l< inn that the ship should bo detained ou'side. Your ixcelleucy's present coming up to Blenheiui'e reach d a the rehire, no doubt, because the despatch sent pre- F lioualy to hi* Excellency Cuehing had not been tnade >< mown to you?whence tire mistake. ^ Respecting the salute of twenty-one guns, as it isa u ialute among the Western nations, it does [not] tally '< with the customs of China. Your Excellency being F tow iu China, and, moreover, entered the river, it is lot the same as if you were in jrour own country ; 1 tnd, consequently, it will be inexpedient to bare the t ialute performed here; also, China has no such salute p is iiring twenty-one guns; and bow can we imitate ri four country's custom in the number, and make a '1 mrresponding ceremony in return 1 It will, indeed, tot be easy to act according to it. v When lheEngli.lt Admiral Parker and Eaitoun v same up to Canton they were both in a passage vessel. not ill a man-of-war. when thev entered the ri iti; nor was there any salute. "t"his id evidence )lain on this matter. Concerning what is said regarding a personal visit o this office to pay respects, it is certainly indica- < ivo of good intention i but Use laws of the laud divot that whenever oQicera Irotn other countries trrive upon the frontier, the Governor and other ligh officers, not having received his Majesty's coin- j nands, cannot hold any private intercourse with hem ; nor can a deputy, not having received a spe:ial commission from the superior officers, have any j private intereourae with foreign functionaries. It ; will consequently be incx<<edienl that your eicellency [whose sentiments are so polite and cordial) and I, c he acting Governor, should have an interview, for , t is against the settled laws of the land. Besides, j he officers of ull Western nations who have come to j Jan too for yetrs past have not been deiicient in any j hing, and yet none of them have entered the city to p told inleivievs with the authorities of the land.? a If our Excellency's purpose comes under ihe same v aw, aud it will be inexpedient for us to have an in- v crview wiihm the city. In short, the laws of China ( md other nations are unlike ; and as cur countries , ire now at peace, still more incumbent is it for each ? a maintain the laws. Then when we speak of good aith, and cultivate the principles of cordially, China t will not overpass the laws, nor will other nations v eek and ask lor things at their pleasure. B Furthermore, the English officer, Pottinger, has c >eeo in Kwang Tung a year and more, and has had c uici vicwa <igum unu u^aiu Willi iligil v^ruiieoe iuiic- n ionuries, in which a well-understood form was ob- t erved. The high American officer who has come to n vwang Tung, and oihera who have come, hove all a dike setu the propriety of this ; and, id the present f suae, it will be well to imitate them. 1 have therefore to request your Excellency to re- ( train the crew of the ship, and not allow them to p ;o ashore; aiit, what would be proper in this matter t ilso, to retire u ithout the Bogue and return 10 Macao, lot disobeying the fixed laws of the land, which will 0 xhibit the courteous friendliness subsisting between v he two nations. v As well os communicating this to the public officer a Pushing for his information, I also avail myself of q his opportunity to wish you the highest tranquillity. u True translation: ,, S. W. WILLIAMS. r b Usiteu States Legation, f, Macio, Jipril 22, 1844. * Sir: I have the honor to aknowledge the receipt, his day, of your Excellency's three letters under j \ late of the 12th and 2Ulh instant, to certain points of | u vhich some brief reply seems requisite. j When I addressed your Excellency on the 13th, j hanking you for copies of the treaty of Nanking and if that of Portugal, 1 was not aware of the fact, ii vhich 1 have siace discovered with much regret, n hat your Excellency did not deem it convenient to si ouiniunicate fc> n? the whole of the treaty of Nan- h hog- a In regard to the letter which Mr. ForHes opened, y i to jusiic^ to hun to state that he did it in trie p ompaay of Lieutenant Peg ram, the aid-Jo camp of a Commodore Paiker, under the supposition thai, as tated to him by the bearer of it, the letter was de- a. igned for Continodore Parker. 1 regret the occur- ii ence of the mistake, and am sure it was the farther n ossible lrom the intention of Mr. Forbes to be I tl uiity of any disrespect towards your Excellency.? | o Mo such accidtul could have happened, if the letmr iad been sent lo my residence instead of that of Mr. c 'orbes. e In regard to ;he Lirandywinp, it is hardly necessary b or mc lo repeat that the object in visiting Whamp./a a vus one ol re-pert aod fri. ndslnp only, so far as it tl oncerned the Chinese Government. tl It is customary, among all the nations of the West, w or the sh ps of war of one countiy tu visit the ports if another in time of peace, and, in doing so, for the si ommodorc to exchange salutes with the local au- w horities, and to pay his compli i.ents in person to the irincipal public functionary. To omit these tesliuonies of good will is considered as evidence of a lostile, or at least of an unfriendly feeling. But your Excellency says the Provincial Govern- 2 uenl has no authority to exchange salutes w ith Comuodore Parker or to receive a visit of ceremony from nm And 1 deeply regret, for the sake of China, that uch is the fact. China will find it very difficult to renain in peace with any ol the GreatStates of the West, o long as her Provincial Governors are prohibited ilher to give or to receive manifestations of that ieacc, in lha exchange of the ordinary courlesns of lalional intercourse. 0 And I cann. t forbear to express my surprise that, n the great and powerful Province of kwang Tung, he presence of a single ship ..f war should be cause rr f apprehension to the local Government. . Least of all should such apprehension he enterained iri reference to any ships of war belonging to he Frilled htales, which now feels, arid (unless ill- ,n r atmr.nt of our public agents should pr. duce a hange of sentiments) will continue to feel, the most 11 earty and sincere good will towards China. n And your Excellency w ill find, on inquiry, that ^ Ommodorc Parker, instead of doing any unusual ling in anchoring hi the Bogue, has but followed Un p' xarnple, in this respect, of tiis piedecessor, Commo- r" ore Kearney, who spent some time at unihor there, wo years ago, wnh the United Stales ships of war cf 'onsirNation and Boston. Cc Your Excellency quotes the late treaty with Eng ind as hearing on (his question. I fiave ixamii.cd the article referred to, and find lot tiy it England is required to keep a Government "r esse! at anchor in each of the five ports of Kwang c'' (inw, Fuchow, Amov, Ningpo, arid Shanghai; l>ut I rid nothihg in the article lo omit the size and the rmanent of that lessel, and nothing which prohibits ngLnd from keeping two oi ten Government ves- Pc Is in each of the five ports, if it >uil? her pleasure. ' presume she consults her o^n convenience hi keep ,nl ig at present only <>nc Government ves'-el, and that r >mall sire, anchored at Kwangchow, which she i.iy well do, fiaving a ll el of large vessels so r.ear at yr and, at Hbng Kong. 'lu Hut dots that article apply to the other great na- '''' on* of tho Wot 1 If so, and oath of thtiii is re- ''f Liirro to keep a go*ernmcnt vttscl in each ol the 1 v.- |<orts, (he e flVct will he to fill the very interior porn F China with large squadrons of foreign men-of-war, re' i a degree which might well give disquietude to the hine-a Government. I hie question, if there were no other*, nnght srrve i satisiy jrur Government <hat the late treaties he- 1 11 veen Cuna and Grcul Britain, instead of dispensing rn itl all ocra-inn for irenies with America and FranCr, "r ive hut rendered such tr aiies ,he more indispen.say nrc.Cf-ary to the maintenance of peace and good ndcratanding. I am confident your excellency will, on reflection, ucoivr 'hat none of ihe cases cited, of the practice the British Government or its oflt era, can have iy bearing on the United States, for the reasons eel hich were hinted at in my last communication.? 'he two cases will not bigtn to be parallel until merica shall have deemed her honor aggrieved by ir rondurt ol China towards her public officers, and ira tail thereupon hive trken up arms, and shall nave ized upon a portion of the territory of the cmp.re. od forbid that any anch deplorable events should ocir to di-inrh the harmony which now exists between Rr bins and the UniUri Slates. I have only to add, that when the Rrandywine ent to Whampan, it was the intention of Commo- > ire i'arker to return so soon as the slate of the tide lould ad i It of her crossing the bar in safety , and i this original intention he will at ill adhere. I have j ce f? d>?po?ition inrrrace lh? omb*rr??*nwir?t* to I tio hirh jour ? ?<*! anry i* a!ra*dy ubj<?M*d( l>y th? | h? *- 1 ? . * . ______ rave omission of lire imperial Government in ntlecting to uialte proper proviaion tor the American negation, immediately on iec:ivitig notice of iU injnded arrival. Coming heie, in behalf of my Government, to ten- i er to Cnina the friendship of the greatest of (he | 'owers of America, it is my duly, in the outeet, not i t omit auy of the tokens of inspect customary among | Vesterli nations. If tbe?e demonstrations are noi let iu a coriespondeut manner, it will lie the un?- i jrtune of China, but it will not he the fault of the I Jniled (States. I I notice the fact, ataled by your excellency, that < \iyend has been appointed Governor General of the i wo Kwang Provinces, but not that he, or any other crson, has been appointed imperial Comiaissionei, i ior any information as to the time of the arrival of ^siyend at Canton. 1 huve the honor to renew to your excellency my rishes for your health and happiness, and to remain, rith due respect, your obedient servant. C. CU8HING. k:? li r* * u mo VAI/CIICUIJ CLC. [Translation.] A LUCID COMMUWCATION. r/ung, acting Governor General of Kwang Tung, and Twang He, member of the Board of War, 4*c , mnicri llus lucid communication in reply : On (he 3d of (he 3d month (April 30, 1H44,) your Sxct-tlency's despatch was received, and, having been perused, was fully understood. Your Excellency's earnest request (o proceed to 'eking, ], the acting Governor General, by express, m nediatelv repotted to the Throne; and when the ileasure of the great Emperor shall have been receivd in an edict, it shall be made known [to you.] Th s vill be acting strictly according to the laws, lam not vnorant that your Excellency, having arrived in the 'rovinceof Canton, is unwilling to bo long detained, ^ut from the Province of Canton to the capital, and rum the capital to the Province of Canton, the going nd returning, together, require more than fifty days, vhen the imperial pleasure may be received in an diet. And for an imperial Commissioner to come to Canton, there also Unavoidably must be required much ime. Thus, then, in travelling on the road must be to inconsiderable delays. Now, although your Excellency had a letter brought o China last year, still, on account of (he variable sea vinds.it could not be known when you would arrive; nd, accordingly, a High Imperiul Commissioner ould not be here long in waiting. When yourExellency did arrive in the Province of Cantou, 1, (be ictrng Governor General, immediately made report hereot, hy memorial, to the Inrone; and so, while 10 pereon hah been so'ected and appointed [as Imperi1 Commissioner,] thin, too, in my replies, 1 must aithfully declare, without one word of deception. Also, regarding the reception of [yourself] the High commissioner, it is necessary to wait till the Imperial ileasure shall have been received in an edict, and then 0 act accordingly. Your excellency cannot hold indiscriminate inierourse with [out] officers, and will not deviate from our appropriate sphere of action. Also, it is inconenient for me, the acting Governor General, to hold ny unofficial intercourse. From this fixed rule of /hina, I, the acting Govenoi General, cannot take ipon myself to deviate. But when once the Imperial leasure has been received in an edict, and an Impeial Commissioner chosen and appointed, then it will e incumbent [on me] to communicate the same in due orm, and not to keep your excellency long in anxious uspense. Regaiding what is said of the settled usages of iVestern nations?that not to leceive a High Comnisnioner from another Stale is an insult to thai State -this cer.ainly, with men, ha* a warlike bearing. k But during the two hundred years of commercial itercourse between China and your country, there as not b.-en the least animosity nor the slightest inult, It is for harmony and good will yuur excellency 1 us come , arid your request to proceed to the iap?%ai, nd to have an audience with the Emperor, is wnaMy 1 f the same good miutl. If, than, In lita outset, a tar la I reaming language is used, it will desiroj the admir- 1 hie reiaio.-s. I As it is said [in your despatch] the people of China < ssuredly cannot wish to have the United Stales act 1 1 this matter, so assuredly it is that my country dots 1 ot h..ibour such evil inteiiiion. Hence it is apparent 1 :.%t your Excellency'* coining is lor the good puipose ' f securing tranquillity. ' At no distant day the Imperial pleasure will lie re- | ' eived in an edicr, and an Iiii|?-riil High Conioiuwon- ] r may come to the Province of Caniori ; then it will j ' e proper to hold inteicourse with your Excellency, : ' ccmdiog to the rules of etiquette, and to conform to | ! tioae which were ob-erved with Poiiirigcr, without ! 3e slightest abatement. 1 brs thai volir Excellency 1 'ill nut, through urgency, createauspictoiis. For thin I niake this coinmunictation in reply, tic- 1 iring your pro?pertty. May it reach the person to ' 'Loin it in addressed. ' The above is the lucul communication. 1 To Cuihino Envoy Extraordinary and Jilinitlrr Plcn- 1 1 ipotentiary, l(c. of the United Stales of America. Taou Kw ako, 21tA year, 3d moon, 4th day?{April ' i, a D. i?44.) ; True translation E. c. BRIDOMAN, Joint Chinese Secretary of the Uniltd States 1 Legation to China. 1 United State* Legation, ' Macao, April 21, 1841. j Sir: i have the honor to acknowledge the receipt ( the letter add)rased to mo by your Excellency on t ie 21 at instant, and have considered its contents. 1 In that letter you tlaie that the transmission and ( turn o( despatches tie!ween Canton and the capital rcupy about fifty d*v?, wline in your letter of the ( 2 h instant the time i* fixed at abi u> three months, t This (IiITt ience of expiession produces uncertainty | i a very important particular; and that uncertainly k increased by the circumstance that it nowhere d.s- \ ncMy appears in your Excellency's several letters on hat day you reported to the Emperor the arrival of a e legation. o I am thus left in doubt, not only as to the number n days but as to the time when those days began to u in. A? to the other point-touched up >n in your Ex- b llem y's cominuiiiratioi), i< seems to rne cjuite unne fi eary to continue to discuss thorn, as it now appear* si at, noi withstanding the notice given last autumn of I e arrival of the American legation, you were forilden by your Government to receive the legation. ev??n an much an to exchange the most ordinary ?t| nrtrsira with any of the public o/Iicer* of the Unt- if I Statt s. a I ran only n?*ure your Excellency that thia i* not p r wij for Chinj to cultivate good will and maintain m ace. The late war with England canard by |f( r conductofthe authorities at Can'on, in disregard- 0, i the rights of public olfici r.? who tt presented the ^ jrliah Government. ni If, in the face of the experience of the laat five ira, the Chinese Goveri.niPi.t now rcveita to initiated custom*, which have already brought such ia?tcra up? n her, it can he regarded in no o'hrr ht than an evidenre that she invites and desires r*r with] ihe other gn 'it Western Power*. The United Siates would sincerely regret stich a nilt. We have no desire whatever to dismember s territory of the Empire. Otir citizens have at all nr* deported themselves here in a just and resp<et- z< manner. The (msition and policy of the United n ates elm hie us to he the most distitlert sled and the ,|i st vafuatde of the friends of China I have flat- hi ed myself, therefire, and cannot yet abandon the hi pe, that the Imperial Government will ree the wi?- c: m ot promptly welcoming and of cordially respond- it ! to the amicable assurances of the Government of Ji * United State*. al In i li is cx pert it ion, I have the honor orce more to hi ascribe myself, with due consideration, yi ur Ex- ?? lency'a obedient sen ant, 01 C. CUSMING. To hu excellency CutNd 4c. A copy of a brief memoir on the United H ate a ' iNMniiUNi nerewit n. n d< [Translation.) h< ply of l?is excellency ( hmg, ariing (invert or (?enrr?| ol the two Kivana Provinces, kc. ., rfl 'nf H\t (irrni Pure Ihpumtf, neHnf Governor General, ter., make thm ccntmvmUahon / Upon the 21?t of the 3d moon C^Mh 7\pril) I ro- fo Ived the honorable plenipotentiary's cotnmun rain, In which were contained different topics, and ve read end fully understood it. A* to copying ' a ^ **** lablished laws of the Central Kingd >m, therefore { lite acting Governor, have addressed a communication to prevent it, ami not Gain any suspicion* th u >our honorable nation's commodore had any uno-ual business, still le*s any design of showing disrespect, or because one man-of-war might produce (Jnod [among the peoplej as 1 have before stated distnc.l) and expressed clearly, and which it is needless 10 repeat 1,1 Furthermore, your honorable nation's Commodore's anchoring at Blenheim's reach, uuJ us he has not tired a salute, neither remained there a long tune, Put availed himself of the high tide to leave port, >he excellent idea of peace is therefore sufficiently manifested. Since, in the Central Kingdom the established usagee of European nations are not fu'ly understood, therefore truly, as has been slated, i, the acting Co vernor General before add reused a communicati .n, in which 1 expressed that the laws of the two countries are not alike, and that it waa absolutely to adhere to the lam* of each in order to be able lastingly to secure the objects of peace. As to Cninese officers associating with the representatives of foreign nations, not having received the great Emperor's will, they dare not presume to receive and wail up >u them as guests; and this is an established regulation, and not one which from the present moment has commenced; neither dure I, the actmgGoveroor,iake upon myself to act; aud tins is not declining the riles of peace, i must wait the receiving of the Imperial will, and tue arrival at Yuh of a Great Minister of State, unitedly to manage the appropriate affairs of the two countries, when it will certainly be proper lor us Hi have mutual interviews of ceremony with the honorable Plenipotentiary, liis excellency Tsiyeng Paou has been appointed to take the office of Governor General of the two Kwang Provinces, and on the 3d month, 2d day, (18th Aprii.) commenced his journey from Keang Nan ; and on or about the 20th of the 4th mo n, [5th June,] he may arrive at Canton. At the time his excellency Tsiyeng P.tou was appointed to this office, the Great Em;terordid not know that the Plenipotentiary had arrived at Yuh, (south of China,) therefore, he has not yet appointed un Imperial Commissioner. When :iijr memorial, reporting the arrival of the honorable Plenipotentiary, s' ail ha>e been received, perhaps the Greet Emperor, inasmuch as bis excellency Tsiyeng was the Great Minister of btate who originally negotiated the treaties of different nations, will again appoint him to the office oi Imperial High CommisMoner. This, however, is unknown. But hitherto, not having received explicit intelligence, conjecture is inexpedient. I mu?t [woit] for positive inielligence. Then imtru-diaielv a communication will be made, and, and cer lainly we will not require the honorable I'lenipoteutiary to be long held in suspense. Making this communication, I respectfully present my regards and wishes for your highest tranquillity. This is my communication. The above communication is for his excellency Gushing, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America. Taou Kwih'u, 24th ytur, 3d mcon, \~th May, {May 4,) 1844. A laithful translation. PETER PARKER, Joint Chinese Secretary to Legation. [To be continued ] Several errors having been committed in transcribing the following law irom ihe original cupy, we republish it, by request, as corrected, viz : AN ACT supplemental to the act for the admission of the Stales of Florida and Iowa into the Union, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of Vie United Stales of America in Curigress assembled, That in consideration of the concessions made by the State of Florida in respect to the public lands, there be granted to tbe said Stale eight entire sectio is of land, for the purpose of fixing their ieat of govern- . ment; also, section number sixteen in every town- ' ship, or other land* equivalent thereto, for the use of tbe inhabitants of such township, for tb? rupport of jiuklU uWl.; ul?o, two eoltr* w?i?ltip - vf l,nJ, in addition to the two townships already reserved, for the use of two seminaries of learning?one to be located east, and the other west of the Suwannee river; also, five per centum of lire net proceeds of the sabji lands within said Stale, which shall be htreal'er sold by Congress, after deducting all expenses incident to the same; and which said i.et proceeds shall he applied by said Stale lor the purposes of education. Sec. 2- .lad be it furlhtr enacted, Thst all the laws af the United States, which are net lo"glly innpplira ble, shall have tne same force and eflect wit>un the >aid Stale of Florida, as elsewhere within the U.iiteU States. Sec. 3. .Ind be it further enacted, That the said 3 ate shall compose one district, to be called th uis trict of Florida And a district court n/tall beheld in said district, to consist of one juJoe, who shall reside within Ihe district to which he is 1-...J 1 ??ll..l o .l.dr^l .,,,1 ^l.nll J icu , Ull<i HO VOIIOU ? UI9MIVI. |UUKV , a.,u BM? . id all things havw and exvrciac the same jurisdiction ?nd powers which were by law given to the judge of the Kentucky district under an act entitled an act to establish the judicial courts of the United States The said judge shall appoint a clerk at the p!ac< at which a court is holden wahin the dis net, who ihall reside and ke?p the records of the court it the place of holding the same ; and shall receive, for the services he may perform, the same fees to which the clerk of the Kentucky district is entitled for similar services Sec. 4- find be it further enacted, 1 hat the ji'dge of he district of Florida sh ill hold eitra sessions at any ime when the public interest may, in his opinion, rejuire the same. Sec. 5. .Ind be it further enacted, That the judge >f the district of Florida shall hold one st-sioo innually at the follow ng plan.?, t> wit: at I alialassee, on the first Monday . f January ; at Ft. Aurustine, on the find Monday of April; arm at Key (Vest, on the first Monday in August. Sec 6 ?1nd be it further enacted That there ?hn I be Hotted to the jadge aforesaid an annual ron.pcn-ation f two thousand dollars, to commence from the date f his appointment, to be paid quarter-yearly at the reasury of the United States S?c 7. .In(I be it further enacted, Thst there shall e appo nted in said dnnriet a person learned in tho iw, to act as attorney for the United States; who lull, in addition to hia stated fees, be paid by tin Jnited Stales two hundred dollars as a full competition for all eitra semcts Her. 8- .fn</ be it further enacted, That a marshal tall tie appointed in said distnet, who shall je form ie same duliot, be subject to the same regulations nd jienalt'es, and lie entitled to the as ne fees a? nrr rescrihed to msr-hnls in other districts; and shall, loroorer, he entitled to the sum of two hundred dnlirs annually, as a cump. nsanon for all rat a acmes; and that the salary of the district judge , of th? istrict courts of the districts of Ohio, Indiana, llli ois and Missouri, shall iirreader be one thousand rc hundred dollars per annum. JOHN W. JONKS, Speaker qjthr House of Rrprtacntm trr? WILLIE P. MANOUM, President cf the Senate pro lemporr. Approved, Morch 3, Io4o. JOHN TYLER. A Plm i rom thr Hrn<h-?Tbo I'hiladephia ? tle tells ua that Judge Hallibuiton, the witty nu?.f Sl.ck. wns holding a Court the other J IV, ami in th?- commencement ot the pror... i ecamr necessary to empannol a .jury One worthy urgher upon being called, requested of the Our t<> xe.ise bun <>n tbe ground th it ho was alllictcd wi h le itch, at the same tune ho'ding out his hand to tho ndge ami displaying the evidorce of the cutaneous Miction. The Judge, afirr rloselv in?pec'in.; tho and? of the juror, directed the clerk as lolJo* The court decides that the juror's excuse is a >ahd no, .mil therefore <lire< t tint In he ''rrnlrht IT' ' Another polar expedition is talked of in the Ixinon newspapers. Sir James Kos.s, the gallant com J lander of the last expedition, has he?n invited to un p.rtake this renewed exploration of a region wl.eie a ?o eminently distinguished himself before. 8ixteen thousand and forty-nine bunrels nt S( er n, . fity-1 wo thousand vn hundred and thirty an bar us Whale Oil, and four hundred and eighty-tour J ousand seven hundred and nineteen pounds of 4 /halebone, ware received at the port of New Bedrd in the month of February. Tbe Boston A manac estimates the professor* ligion in the United States at 4,131,992, about ono ill tho adult population.