The record-union. [volume], February 23, 1899, Image 1

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VOLUME 97.—N0. 2.
WASHINGTON'S
ANNIVERSARY.
The Michigan Club Celebrates the
Event at Detroit.
Secretary of War Alger Toastmaster at the
Annual Banquet.
Addresses Delivered by Governor
Pingree. Secretary of Agricul
. tare Wilson, Frank Lowder of
Chicago and Others Before Five
Hundred Republicans Gathered
at tke Banquet Table.
DETROIT, Feb. 22.— "1t has been a
difficult year. We are landed on, a new
field. The Stars and Stripes are
planted to-night in a place where they
never have been before on Washing
ton's Birthday. They have never been
taken from where they had been plant
ed but once before, and they never
will be again."
Such was the characteristic utter
ance of General Russell A. Alger, Sec
retary of War, on assuming the func
tions of toastmaster to-night at the
fourteenth annual banquet of the Mich
igan Club.
The Secretary was introduced by
Brigadier General M. Duffield, Presi
dent of the club, who said: "Among
the Secretaries who have held up the
hands of the President, none has done
more difficult, more arduous work, and
none has been bearing more heavily
the brunt of the fight throughout than
has our own beloved fellow-citizen,
General Alger."
When the toastmaster arose he was
greeted with enthusiastic cheers from
upward of 500 Republicans of Michigan
who sat at the banquet tables and
from the crowd in the galleries.
The Secretary said nothing special in
his behalf introductory to his remarks
about the War Department affairs. He
congratulated the citizens of the Unit
ed States upon their patriotism, intelli
gence and loyalty shown during the
past year, and the fact that the finan
cial tide had so turned that the na
tion that it was a borrower now on
top of a financial sense. Said he: "We
have some hard propositions to solve,
but we have a solver in Washington."
The scene of the banquet was the
new Light Guards Armory, the interior
of which was gay with emblems of
patriotism. Portraits of Washington.
Lincoln, McKinley and Alger were dis
played. A score of well-known Repub
licans sat at the speaker's table, and
the attendance was larger than any in
recent years.
General Duffield. in his opening ad
dress, characterized President McKin
ley as the peer of Washington and
Lincoln.
In introducing Governor Pingree to
deliver his address of welcome, Gen
eral Alger raised a lauph by saying:
"The Governor has just been telling me
that he always dreaded to speak. I
told him I thought I could get up a
liberal contribution if he never would
speak."
Governor Pingree said in part:
"It is high time that claims to re
spectability in this Republic rested up
on something more substantial than,
money or political cunning. It is said:
'The tree is known by its fruit.' Is
it not equally true that a man is known
by his deeds?
"The Republican party came into
power as the party of the common peo
ple. The welfare of an enslaved race
was the chief cause of its organiza
tion. The principal of equal rights for
all found its fullest expression in the
greatest of all Americans—Abraham
Lincoln. The Republican party was
formed to make men free and equal.
Its votes came from the farmer and
his sons: from the villages and the
country districts of the various States.
They did not come from the over
crowded portions of our great cities,
where the voters were controlled hy
bosses. Republican majorities came
from the States that afterward fur
nished patriotic soldiers. So long as
the great questions growing out ot the
Civil War remained unsettled, the Re
publican party was controlled by men
chosen to represent the people.
"But in time these questions disap
peared, and other questions demanded
attention. Problems of trade and
finance and questions of administra
tion came up. Meantim.- wealth in
creased, and capital and labor drifted
into conflict. Gradually the men of
wealth dropped into the Republican
party Corporations found their inter
ests well cared for by the men who
were chosen to the legislative bodies
as Republicans.
-Now that has been going on so long
and so steadily that it has become no
torious. Old Republicans have been
held in line because they could do noth
ing else. Some of the leaders of the
Democratic party hare made it almost
Impossible by their acts for prudent and
thoughtful business men to Join it. All
the men who- had schemes and the cor
porations who wanted privileges have
Joined the Republican party, expect
ing that party to bear their burdens
and serve them. This has been going
on for years, but it cannot last forever,
gentlemen. It is good and timely ad
vice to our party to suggest that it send
to the rear the leaders who insist that
government shall be conducted with
an eye solely to commercial interests.
Those interests are important and
should be considered, but the Republi
can party will not hold its following
if it is much longer dominated by the
narrowness and selfishness which al
ways go hand in hand with money get
ting.
"The rank and file will not stay with
the Republican party unless we choose
our leaders hereafter without consult
ing those who control the corporations,
trusts and combines of the country,
their attorneys, agents and servants.
Our leaders must be men who are proof
against all corrupting influences and
the temptation which come into politi
cal ambition.
"I plead for a return to the early
motives and principles of the Republi
can party. I urge you to give the sub
ject earnest thought. If you do, and
U your deliberations result in action,
THE RECORD-UNION.
there need be no fear for the future
of the Republican party, or of the coun
try. The time has now come when
the Republican party must check the
influences which are controlling it. If
it shows' a disposition to do this, I have
no fear but that it will retain the al
legiance of the people."
Hon. James Wilson, Secretary of-
Agriculture, was warmly greeted when
he rose to respond to the toast "Our
Agricultural Interests."
Secretary Wilson said: "The terri
tory of the original thirteen States is
but a small part of the United States
to-day. We have been a growing peo
ple, a spreading people, an expanding
people. The Louisiana purchase in
1803 gave us the great grain belt of the
United States. The annexation of
Texas and New Mexico and other ter
ritory lying north of those regions in
1845 gave us the greatest cotton field
of to-day. The Northwest Territory,
discovered in 1792, explored in 1803,
and secured by treaty in 1819, with the
addition of Florida, at the same time
gave us what is now our greatest tim
ber reserve. Our treaty with Mexico
in 1848 gave us what is now our great
fruit belt in California, and the valleys
of the Rocky Mountains, as well, as our
great mineral section, from which come
our gold and silver. The Gadsden pur
chase, now part of Arizona, and New
Mexico, was added in 1853. The terri
tory of Alaska, ceded by Russia in 1807,
is a land of immense possibilities. We
are just beginning to learn something
of its wonderful resources. So it will
be seen that from the revolutionary
war up to 1807, the United States has
been expanding. And while it has been
expanding it has been educating.
"Our schools and colleges are pre
paring the brightest and most enter
prising young men upon the earth. We
have become the foremost manufactur
ing people; we are feeding a consider
able part of the Old World; we are
manufacturing machinery for the Old
World; we are sending iron and steel
to the Oid World, and with this remark
able growth in territory, education,
manufacturing and material progress,
the growth of religion and morality has
kept pace.
"Upon purely humanitarian senti
ments, the people of the United States
intervened between Spain and her colo
nies to put an end to conditions that
outraged our sense of justice, interfer
ing with our commerce and made more
difficult the execution of international
law. Nothing has occurred since the
war was declared to justify any man
in stating that the United States has
departed in any respect from the line
of policy laid down when Congress de
clared war. While the President did
not seek the arbitrament of war, he
has met all its requirements. A quar
ter of a million men were mustered, i
i equipped and put in the field. The j
I islands of the Caribbean and China '
I Seas were conquered and brought un-
I der the American flag in less than four
| months. A treaty was ratified in iess
than a year from the beginning of |
hostilities. No disaster on sea or land
occurred. A minimum of casualties, an
object lesson given to the world in hu
mane warfare, merciful treatment of
the peoples coming under our authority,
an insurrection among the Malays
stamped out, the national credit higher
than ever before in our history and all
complaints of the conduct of the war
met and answered —this is the situa
tion to-day.
"The events of the year have been of
such magnitude, and have followed
each other with such rapidity, that the
engrossing interest of to-day and the ;
immediate future have left no time for |
reflection and retrospect. Not only has j
the seat of political power moved to
the Mississippi Valley, together with
the center of producing area, but the
National spirit is most pronounced
here and cosmopolitan sentiment is de
veloped. The Western man is the typi
cal American, loving all America, re
joicing in all the progress made by
other localities. We have got to the
place in our efforts to help the people
of those islands in the Caribbean and
Chinese Seas, when it is necessary to
study them and see what they are pre
pared to do for themselves.
"Those only are fit for complete local
self-government who are possessed of
intelligence and morality. The history
!of the world shows us that few peoples
', successfully govern themselves as the
| people of the United States do. There
is do question of the ability of the peo
i pie of the United States to govern them
; selves and to govern others of less in
telligence. Millions of people have been
\ absorbed into our system and made
; good citizens through our common
; schools and by the education they re
ceived in contact with Americans. The
'. President is now ascertaining how com-
I petent the peoples of those islands are
to stand alone. He is placing every
I Cuban or Porto Rican of more or less
: ability in government positions of
hither or lower grade, for the purpose
;of demonstrating their capacity and in
; tegrity. The islands are being cleaned,
; taxation is being reduced, education is
i being encouraged, and every incentive
I held out toward improvement and pro
gress. The Filipino did not wait until
an object lesson could be given In his
case. He turned upon his savior, en
couraged, no doubt, by those among us
who insist that he should have his in
dependence.
"The world knows 'that these peoples
are not fit for independence as Amer
icans are fit for it. Out of
i tion. the nations of the world would
1 divide these islands among themselves,
should we abandon them and the Fili
pino wouid be helpless to prevent it.
Some say governmental independence
with a protectorate. That means that
the protector would be responsible to
th*' world for their behavior, and to
that end hp must control their be
i haviour to the nations of the world. An
' agent of the Department of Agriculture
| visiting the China Sea to establish
agencies for American products and to
bring back seeds and plants desirable
in the United States, writes me that
the Filipino is the lowest in the scale
■of humanity of all the natives of the
' Orient! There is an educated class, but
they are easily counted and those who
aspire to the leadership are men of
very questionable integrity.
"The authority of the United States
must be established completely. The
educating process toward self-govern
ment would be carried on through the
army and navy. Franchi.-es of munici
palities, provinces and islands will be
refused to adventurers. Everything
possible will be done to carry out the
spirit animating the American people
when they began intervention for hu
manity's sake.
"The American people of all the
States are with the President in his
great work. They believe in him; the
exception is not considerable, but does
5 SACRAMENTO. THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 23, 1899.-EIGHT PAGES.
indicate that a few of our people have
room for expansion, and I think there
is evidence of encouraging growth in
this regard. The liberty of the press
has not degenerated into license so vile
as In Lincoln's day or in the day of
Washington. A discriminating public
insists upon fair play and the love of
truth has become a National charac
teristic." '
"f he Two Poles of Political Polity"
was responded to by Hon, Frank O.
Lowden of Chicago. Mr. Low den said:
"Before the echoes of the last cannon
of the Revolution had died away two
political ideas, as widely separated as
the poles, began to struggle for su
premacy In the new Government des
tined to rise on this side of the Atlan
tic. This struggle, inaugurated under
the leadership of Hamilton on the one
side and Jefferson on the other, though
sometimes obscured by ephemeral is
sues, has beeni ceaseless. Our school
histories teach us that the great polit
ical parties have risen and fallen. It is
not so. There have been but two great
political parties in the history of this
country—the party of Hamilton and the
party of Jefferson. True, these parties
have borne different names, but the
basic principles have been the source
throughout all the changes of nomen
clature. William Jennings Bryan is the
political heritor of the Americanism, ro
bust and virile, of Alexander Hamilton.
"Jefferson had written: 'All men are
created free and equal,' but he dared
not to confer upon a Government of the
people's creation the power to preserve
man's freedom and equality.
"To Hamilton's faith in a popular
Government was added the brave con
viction that a Government of the whole
people might be trusted with power
enough to make it respected at home
and feared abroad. Hamilton knew the ,
American people well enough to know
that they would never endure a crGwned
head within their midst. He feared only
the disintegration of the people's Gov
ernment, and so he strove for an indis
soluble union. Jefferson, before whose
eyes was ever present the specter of
monarchy, preferred a crumbling fed
eration of States to an American Union.
Wherever an insurrection arose Ham
ilton favored its suppression at the
point of the bayonet, if necessary. It
was Jefferson, the Sage of Monticello
(as our Democratic brethren) love to call
him), who said: 'A little rebellion now
and then is a good thing,' and added
the benign recommendation that rebell
ion be not discouraged 'too much.' To
Hamilton's mind it was inconceivable
that the General Government was not
superi >r to the Government of any one
of its parts. He therefore placed the
ton above the State.
/. rscn, logical to the last, was the
hor of the famous Kentucky resolu
• =. ; n which the doctrine was clearly
ia 1 down that a State might withdraw
from the Union at will. Nullification
t\ '. the child of Jeffersonian Democ- •
i /. Hayne but gave it elegance and
eloquent expression when he declared
.'or 'liberty, not union.' Webster was a
Hemiltonian when he breathed that
other sentiment, dear to eveTy true >
American heart: 'Liberty and union,
now and forever, one and inseparable.'
Every soldier who marched under the
flag of the Union in its crucial hour
but passed along the path that
ilton had blazed out.
"Even as late as the last Presidential
campaign it was the spirits of Hamil
ton and Jefferson which captained the
contending hosts. The monster of
States' rights again reared its head
when the Democratic party denied the
power of the Government at Washing
ton to put down an insurrection in Illi
nois. That party again illustrated the
old Jefferson view of 'liberty' when it
denied the power of the courts to pro
tect the property of the Government by
writ of injunction because, forsooth, the
exercise of such power might incident
ally interfere with some one's liberty—
liberty to do what? To commit a
crime!
j "The Democrat looks upon the Con
j stitution as a technical contract among
! sovereign States. The Republican re
< gards it as the Magna Charta of a free
. and mighty people. The Democrat has
j found in it only- limitations upon the
'exercise of power; the Republican also
the creation of power. When Lincoln's
heart was bursting with the wrongs of
a race the Democrat characterized his
every effort to improve its condition as
a usurpation of power,
j "The Democratic denounces a pro
i tective tariff as unconstitutional. He
inaugurates a free-trade policy, and
makes reparation to the tattered arid
starving workingman under it by call
ing him brother. In fact, strict con
structionist as he is, the Democrat
would read by implication into the Con
stitution this dogma: Whatever new
policy the Republican party promotes
is unconstitutional. He admits that the
first author of expansion was a Demo
crat, but! insists that what was a virtue
in Jefferson would be a. crime in Mc
, Kinley. It only remains for some en
l terprising Democrat to discover that
! the Constitution is, upon its face, un
constitutional.
, "The Republican's function is to
make history; the Democrat's to criti
cise it. The Democrat is decorative on
dress parade; the Republican magnifi
i cent in action, it was a Democratic
McClellan who made the buttons on the
j blue coats to shine; it was a Repub
| lican Grant who led those blue coats to
i victory. It is said the Democratic party
lis useful as a check upon the exercise
of power by the Republican party. Let
;it be admitted. The Democratic party,
, then, is of service only when out of
j power. The brake is useful to the
I railway train, but who would suggest
i that a train of cars could be run suc
cessfully if the locomotive were taken
j off and a Westinghouse airbrake put
lon in its place?
i "I have often thought that the best
I proof of the intervention of Provi
dence in mundane affairs is to be found
in the advent of Washington and Lin
j coin in the two great crises of this
; continent. I think it is next best shown
iin the periods which are selected for
j Democratic supremacy. In the dull
I tedium of perfunctory official life the
i Democratic party has been permitted
[to rule.
"The United States of America, dur
ing the year of our Lord 1898, in less
than 100 days, under the administra
tion of William McKinley, made more
'histoty, and more glorious history, than
I the Democratic party in the century
lof its existence. As during the years
which preceded Fort Sumpters grim
challenge, we were drifting toward war,
so for years before the explosion of the
Maine we had drifted unconsciously
toward war with Spain. But the hand
of Providence, though we knew it not,
was upon the helm of the old Ship of
i State. That war was held In check
(Continued on Eighth Page.)
VENTILATING TIE
MILES CHARGES.
Proceedings of Court Investigating
the Beef Controversy
Develop Little New From the Testimony
Adduced at Tuesday's Session.
The Canned Roast Beef Generally
Condemned as Unsatisfactory—
Refrigerated Meat Was Good,
Excepting That It Often De
composed While En Route to
Camp.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 22. — To-day's
proceedings of the court of inquiry in
vestigating the beef controversy devel
oped little that was new. The testi
mony, with the exception of that of Dr.
Daly, surgeon on the staff of General
Miles during the war, and of Colonel
Woodruff, Assistant Commissary Gen
eral, 'was generally in line with that of
yesterday. The canned roast beef was
generally condemned as unsatisfactory,
while the refrigerated beef was com
mended, the chief complaint being that
it often decomposed en route to camp.
The testimony of representatives of
the Subsistence Department was! begun,
that of General Woodruff, Assistant
Commissary General, being the most
notable. He purchased more than 800,
--000 pounds of canned beef, and told of
the method of purchase andl the reasons
that prompted it. He took issue with
General Miles' contention that beef on
the hoof was the usual source of fresh
meat supply to the army.
Another feature of the day was the
introduction of Dr. Daly, who charged
before the War Commission that re
frigerated beef at Chickamauga, Jack
sonville, Tampa and in Porto Rico Jad
been treated chemically. He was not
examined, however, in regard to this
charge, Colonel Davis announcing that
the contractors who were attacked
were entitled to be notified of the ex
amination upon that point, that they
might have ample time in which to ap
pear should they decide to do so. Dr.
Daly was excused after a partial ex
amination, and will be recalled later.
The Investigation will proceed to
morrow, when Generai Eagan, former
Commissary General, is expected to
appear arid tell the story of the beef
supply as viewed by this department.
When the court met this morning
Colonel Davis, the Recorder, announced
that the' examination of witnesses so
far summoned and reported was about
concluded. The court should
now, he thought, the questions of fur
rer summons and procedure, and at
his suggestion the court went into se
cret session.
When the executive session conclud
ed Dr. William H. Daly of Pittsburg,
who was Major and Chief Surgeon of
Volunteers during the war, and testified
before the commission that he had dis
covered by chemical analysis boracic
and salicylic acid in refrigerated beef
furnished the army, was introduced.
His examination by the Recorder was
conducted slowly and with great care,
developing with minuteness all of Dr.
Daly's duties while attached to General
Miles' staff. These, besides those of an
army surgeon, consisted in making spe
cial reports to General Miles on camp
sites, water supply and the like. The
Recorder very carefully developed the
fact that most of these reports were
verbal or telegraphic, therein differing
from the now famous meat report
which was the cause of Dr. Daly's be
ing summoned as a witness. Therein
the -examination differed considerably
from that of the previous witness.
Dr. Daily testified that he was as
signed to duty on the staff of General
Miles, and remained at Tampa until a
few days after the Shafter expedition
sailed, his duties being miscellaneous,
under direction of the army Medical
Department. Thence he went to Key
West, Miami and other points to study
proposed camp sites. Later he came
north, and finally joined General Miles
at Guanica, Porto Rico, sailing from
Charleston subsequent to the latter's
departure. His duties, he said, were
those of attending Surgeon at head
quarters and general duties incident to
surgical and medical needs of the
army.
Colonel Davis questioned the witness
closely in regard to his duties and the
source and character of his orders, evi
dently with a view to the bearing these
developments might have upon the
witness' analysis and report upon beef.
Dr. Daly said he remained at Porto
Rico five or six days after General
Miles departed, being ordered to super
vise the preparation of the transport
Panama for bringing convalescents
north in a manner above reproach.
This was because there had been pre
viously considerable complaint as to
the outfitting of returning transports.
He received these orders about August
23d, and, after picking up a load' of sick
at various points in Porto Rico, sailed
September sth, and arrived at Fort
ress Monroe September 10th, landing
his patients in a greatly improved con
dition. He reported to Washington,
where he was quite ill. and was given
sick leave. The Surgeon General was
pleased with his work on the Panama,
and wisOted him to remain there. While
still sick in Pittsburg he received orders
from General Miles to go on an in
spection tour of the new regiments in
the South, who were being fitted out
for tropic service. This was the trip
on which witness became acquainted
with the alleged embalmed beef. There
were several officers engaged in this
inspection.
Dr. Daly's investigation was directed,
among other things, particularly
toward thei food supply and cooking ar
rangements of the regiments. The gen
eral object of the inspection, according
to the witness, was to get the troops
into the best possible condition for act
ive service, and to render assistance
and instruction wherever it was needed.
Reports were rendered after the in
spection of each camp visited. These
reports, in the course of regular rou
tine, passed through the hands of the
General commanding the army. Dur
ing this trip he became so HI that he
was obliged to return home to Pitts
burg, where, after remaining for some
time on sick leave, he tendered his
resignation.
In all of this very detailed recital the
question of beef was not once broached
by the court, hut when the witness had
been chronologically carried through
his term of office the recorder handed
him the famous "embalmed beef re
port" and asked if he recognized it.
Dr. Daly said that he did, and that it
was all right except perhaps the date,
which in the copy was September 21st.
He said, to the best of his recollection,
the exact date was October 14th. The
date, however, he said', was not essen
tial, the report being genuine, and, In
the opinion of Dr. Daly, perfectly ac
curate.
Colonel Davis then addressed the
court briefly, saying that it was only
within twenty-four hours that he had
been able personally to study this re
port of Dr. Daiy, and he found therein
certain allegations against certain per
sons who had made contracts for sup
plying food material to the Govern
ment. To continue the examination of
the witness on this subject in the ab
sence of those persons against whom
his charges were directed would be to
deprive them of rights accorded them
by law. He, therefore, suggested that
the other parties interested (the meat
contractors) should be given reasonable
notice of the proceedings and that the
witness be excused, subject to recall
when the examination could be contin
ued with the other interested parties
present.
Prior to leaving the stand, however,
Dr. Daly was examined in regard to
the Powell experiment with beef pres
ervations at Tampa, Colonel Davis
pointing out that it was merely experi
mental and no contractor was involved.
Dr. Daly said J. F. Weston called his
attention to a quarter of beef which
was hanging on board ship, and which
Weston said had been sixty hours in
the open air and he was waiting to see
what would eventuate. Dr. Daly did
noti recall anything of Colonel Weston's
statement indicating the beef was
other than a part of the general sup
ply, or that it had been treated with a
chemical as an experiment. Ha noticed
that flies would not remain on the beef
and that no larvae were deposited. He
thought that strange and that the beef
would not putrify in the Tampa air af
ter sixty hours' exposure. Witness fin
ally cut a piece from the beef and later
cooked and ate it. After riding horse
back he became nauseated. Hej did not
suspect preservatives on the beef, al
though the taste suggested an exper
ience he had with antelope some years
before while hunting. Nevertheless, Dr.
Daly said he remarked to no one about
the matter.
Witness wanted it made plain that
Colonel Weston had said nothing about
the quarter of beef being experimental,
and he had no reason to suspect the
Government was conducting an experi
ment as to the efficacy of any chemi
cal preservative.
Replying to Colonel Davis, witness
said he supposed the beef was a part
of a consignment from the contractors,
supposed to keep seventy-two hours in
the sun, and perhaps Colonel Weston
was merely curious to see if the beef
wouldi stand the test. Recurring to the
taste of the beef as suggesting an ex
perience with preserved antelope meat,
witness said some years ago, while en
route to hunting grounds in the West,
he secured in Chicago what was rec
ommended as a preservative—a white
powder. It was used in camp and pre
served the meat, but the latter, when
eaten, nauseated him.
An analysis divulged the presence of
boric and salicylic acids. In regard to
the Tampa experience, Dr. Daly said it
did not arouse any suspicion. He did
not look upon the incident as a Govern
ment experiment, and did not feel call
ed upon to report or take any official
action about it. Replying to Colonel
Gillespie, he said he first considered his
Tampa experience sufficiently serious to
present to the department when he had
experience with contract beef on the
Panama. Dr. Daly was then excused.
Captain R. H. Breckham of the Sub
sistence Department of Volunteers re
ported as Brigade Commissary of the
First Brigade Cavalry at Tampa on
June 6, IS9B. He had no knowledge
of any experiment upon beef at Tampa.
He accompanied the expedition to
Cuba, and issued canned roast beef on
the voyage and after landing. On the
transport Rio Grande four quarters of
fresh beef were placed, he understood,
for the purpose of experiment, though
he had no understanding of any treat
ment and knew nothing of its origin.
He was instructed to see how long it
would keep. General Sumner gave him
instructions to care for and watch it.
Some of it was thrown overboard the
second day out, and the remainder on
the third day. It had been on the dock
several hours' before being placed on
board, and when thrown overboard It
was very offensive. None of it was
eaten by any one.
Lieutenant Cole, Sixth Cavalry, who
was aboard the Rio Grande, which car
ried General Sumner's headquarters
and the four experimental quarters of
beef to Cuba, was much clearer In his
recollection of the beef quarters than
Captain Breckham. It was, he said,
from "some firm of meat packers,"
and was sent expressly for experi
mental use by the soldiers with the
knowledge that it wa? chemically pre
pared. The beef lasted only three
days, after which it decayed and was
thrown overboard. Some of it was
cooked before it spoiled. Witness saw
the piece cooked, but did not eat it
It looked well, and the men who tasted
it said "it was all right." The offi
cers discussed freely, but none of them
knew how the beef had been treated,
the process being secret.. The beef
that spoiled became very offensive, and
exuded dark coagulated blood.
Lieutenant Cole said he ate seme of
the canned beef aboard the transport
before it had been subjected to the
tropical heat, and it was then fairly
good, and he ate it with relish a« a
relief from bacon. After it had been
heated in the southern climate it be
came slimy and rather repulsive look
ing.
Lieutenant Colonel H. H. Humphreys.
Twenty-second Infantry, said canned
roast beef was issued his command in
small quantities prior to the surrender
of Santiago, but he had heard then no
complaints abou' it. When refriger
ated beef was furnished it was at first
satisfactory, but it spoiled in larg
quantities, and the men finally ceased
to care for it. The canned roast beef
was then used in a stew, but the men
would not eat it. Witness did not
know why. He attempted to eat the
beef from , the can. It did not taste
right. It gagged him. He gave it up.
(Continued on Eighth Page.)
THE MISSING
LINER BULGARIA.
Four of the Grew of the Lost Ves
sel Arrive at Baltimore.
Were Picked Up at Sea in an Open Boat by
the Steamship Vittoria.
They, With Twenty-Five Women
and Children Rescued hy the
United States Steamer Wcehaw
ken and Landed in the Azore
Islands, All Who Have Been
Heard From of tke Crew of
Eigkty-Nine Men and Thirty-
One Passengers on the Bulgaria
When Ske Sailed From New
York.
BALTIMORE, Feb. 22.—The British
steamship Vittoria, Captain Wethereli,
arrived to-day from Hull, via Hampton
Roads, with four of the crew from the
missing Hamburg-American liner Bul
garia. The rescued mariners are: Sec
ond Mate C. Scharges, Quartermasters
Carl Ludtke and John Schulz and Sea
man William Starke.
These were picked up by the Vittoria
from an open boat from the Bulgaria
three and a half hours after had been
cast adrift in latitude 40 north, longi
tude 4 west, on February sth. These,
with the twenty-five women and chil
dren who were picked up by the
steamer Weehawken and landed at
Ponta del Gada, Azores Islands, a
week ago, are all that have been heaTd
from of the crew of eighty-nine men
and forty-one passengers which the
Bulgaria had on board when she sailed
from New York for Bremen January
28th. *
Captain Wethereli said that he sight
ed the Bulgaria in a disabled condition
at 5 a. m.. February sth, flags flying,
and the Weehawken standing by and
communicating with her. There was a
heavy sea on, and his vessel drifted
away from the disabled craft, but he
again located her. He saw the men
aboard the crippled ship attempt to
lower a boat, and just as four of them
got into it, it broke loose from the
steamer and drifted away. The first
men made an effort to row back to the
Bulgaria, but could not reach her on
account of the high seas.
The Vittoria was preparing to lower
a boat to go to the assistance of those
on the Bulgaria when the four men
came alongside. After considerable
difficulty they were taken aboard. Dur
ing a lull the second officer of the Bul
garia, accompanied by six of the crew
of the Vittoria, manned the boat just
vacated and started for the sinking
steamer. They were scarcely away
from the side of the Vittoria, however,
before another gale began, and the
brave fellows, not being able to reach
the Bulgaria, found it impossible to re
turn to the Vittoria until several hours
had passed. Captain Wetherel would
not abandon hope of being of assistance
to those on board the ill-fated vessel,
and remains! in sight of her until
nightfall, when a perfect hurricane
arose and carried the waiting ship miles
away. In the morning the Bulgaria
was not to be seen, and the Vittoria
proceeded on her journey.
The story of the experience of the
Bulgaria as told by Second Officer
Scharges is a thrilling one.
"On February Ist, at about 8 p. m.."
said he, "a hurricane of so severe a
nature was encountered that it was
found impossible to make any headway,
and at 2 a. m. the following day we
were forced to heave to. The flying
bridges, both fore and aft, were car
ried away, and seamen and passengers
were afraid to venture on deck for fear
of being swept into the sea. About 7
a. m, the spring in the rudder, which
is used to break the strain of heavy
seas, collapsed, and soon afterward the
entire steering gear was Washed away.
The steamer then fell in the trough,
and was left at the mercy of the wind
and waves. >
"Sea after sea swept over us," con
tinued Scharges. "smashing in the
doors of the cabin and deck houses,
flooding the main deck, washing in the
awning deck and creating havoc all
over the ship. To make matters worse,
100 horses that were stabled on the
upper forward deck stampeded, and In
their fright made a wild dash, tramp
ling each other to death. This state of
affairs lasted until all but twenty had
been killed or drowned in the wash of
the waves. Then the butcher of the
vessel, with a number of seamen, went
into the pen and tried to quiet the
beasts. This failing, as did also the
attempt to force the frenzied animals
overboard, their throats were cut. Be
fore the maddened animals «*vere dis
patched, however, the butcher had both
his legs broken and one of the seamen
was badly injured.
"Any idea that our troubles were over
was soon dispelled when it was found
that the vessel was leaking. All the
hatch coverings had been blown off,
and before they could be replaced four
of the seven holds filled, and all had
considerable water in them. The cargo
next shifted, listing the steamer heav
ily to port. In addition, the carcasses
of the dead horses washed a-port added
to the heavy list.
"For seventy-two hours," added Mr.
Scharges, "passengers and crew worked
like slaves, throwing the cargo over
board to lighten the ship, but it was
of little avail. Inch by inch, foot by
foot, the ship settled, and as she sunk
deeper the waves washed with greater
force and freedom over her. One wave
carried away eight) of the lifeboats from
th low-lying port side, and with these
went much of the hope from the hearts
of the passengers and crew.
"At 4 o'clock on the morning of the
sth the order was given to call all
hands on deck to prepare to take to the
small boats. The'water had flooded the
engine-room, and four pumps could not
keep it down. It was then up to the
grate bars, but the firemen still man
aged to keep the fires burning. Each
passenger and seaman was given a life
preserver, and the remaining boats
WHOLE NO. 18,027.
were gotten ready and provlstoned*
Shortly after daylight the three steam-}
ers, the Weehawken, Vittoria and)
Koordistan, one after another, hove ill
sight. The Weehawken was the first to*
be of service, as she sent two boats, in?
which the twenty-five women and cMI-*
dren were placedv. These were landed
safely on the 1 Weehawkem but after'
that the storm Increased in violence On3>
of our boats was smashed, and it be-*'
came almost impossible to lower an- 4
other, on account of the vessel being!
so far down on the port side and cor-'
respondingly high on the starboaxdh
while the remaining boats were mader
fast. Another attempt was made, andh
one was successfully gotten into fhef
sea. I and the three men who were?
saved with me jumped into her to taker 1
the oars, when by some unfortunate ac-'
cident we were cut loose. The men onl
the vessel were seen after that
repeatedly to lower another boatjjrjjul?
without success." h
—' ~ iff
Wages of Employes Advanced.
ALLENTOWN (Pa.), Feb. 22.—Notica
has been posted at all the plants of the/
Tomas Iron Company notifying tha
employes that their wages have been)
advanced 10 per ,cent. This is the first
order increasing wages that has beent
issued in the Lehigh Valley for many;
years.
Rudyard Kipling Seriously 111.
NEW YORK, Feb. 22.—Rudyard Kip
ling is seriously ill in this city at tha
Hotel Grenoble. Ho is suffering from in
flammation of the lungs. His doctors,
however, hope that with his strong con
stitution he will be able to pull througli
all right.
NIGHT OF TERROR
AT CITY OF MANILA.
Philippine Rebels Make Good Their
Oft-Repeated Threats.
Incendiary Fires Started Simultaneously,
Resisting Ail Efforts at Control.
Between Six and Seven Hundred
Residences and Business Houses
Destroyed, Resulting in Ines
timable Loss—American Officer
and Three Men Wounded by
Rebels Firing Through Win
dows During tke Excitement.
MANILA, Feb 23, 7:50 a. m.—Last
night was one of terror to thousands of
inhabitants of Manila, the rebels mak
ing good their oft-repeated threats to
the extent of burning scores of build
ings, wounding an officer and three men
by firing through windows during the
excitement.
At 8 o'clock an Incendiary fire occur
red in a block of brick buildings occu
pied by Chinese in the Calle la Coste,
in the Santa Cruz district. A stiff
breeze wash lowing, and the inflamma
bility of the structures caused the
blaze to spread with alarming rapidity.
The city Fire Department was hopeless
ly incompetent, and the English volun
teer fire brigade from Santa Mesa was
summoned, and with a modern engine
pumping adequate streams from the
canal, succeeded, after four hours'
work, In getting the blaze under con
trol.
Meantime the entire block and the
greater part of two others across the
street were completely gutted. Hun
dreds of inhabitants were rendered
homeless.
The Chinese and natives lined the ad
jacent streets, while hundreds more,
fearing a general conflagration, re
moved their furniture and other port
able goods in every direction within a.
radius of a quarter of a mile when the
alarm was first given.
General Hughes personally superin
tended the police arrangements. The
whole city was thoroughly patroled,
and guards were doubled. Every avail
able man was dispatched to the region,
of the fire.
impediments were placed in the way*
of the firemen, and the hose was cut
five times. This resulted in all the na
tives being driven off the streets, thosa
in the immediate vicinity of the blaze,
being corralled in vacant lots and
guarded until the excitement was over.
In many instances the natives were In
solent, and paid no regard to the orders
given them, and the soldiers were com
pelled to use harsh measures. Tha
butts of their rifles and their bayonets
were freely applied.
The danger from live electric light
wires necessitated the closing of the
circuit in the burning region, and tlie.
only light in certain parts of the city
was that furnished by the blaze.
The firemen, escorted by soldiers,
proceeded to clean out the houses, whilei
the fire was unheeded. The Thirteenth
Minnesota were reinforced by detach
ments from the Third Infantry, Sec
ond Oregon, the Third Artillery and
the Tenth Pennsylvania.
Bullets flew in every direction, in al
most every street in the Tondo and
Bonondo districts, causing the most in
tense excitement Captain Robinson of
Company. C, Thirteenth Minnesota, and
three men were wounded.
Many timid persons, imagining that
the rebels had effected an entrance
through the American lines, and wera
advancing into the city, hurried
frantically from the hotels and houses,
only to be stopped at the first corner
by a guard. The sounding of a native)
bugle call .immediately preceding tha
firing, lent color to the story. Thou
sands of Chinese crossed the bridges
and plazas under fire, hunrrying with
their bundles to the Chinese Consulate.
All night long the fire spread through
the Tonda district, sweeping away
rows of houses and devastating acres of
territory. Between 000 and 700 resi
dences and business houses have been:
destroyed. Fires were started at sev
eral points simultaneously, and spread
with great rapidity, resisting all efforts
to control them. The damage was in
estimable.
With daylight punitive measures w*>re
decided upon, and the Americans, al
though tired after their sleepless
night's work, soon cleared the district
of every native after a slight resist
ance^