Newspaper Page Text
Tt Seems to Me HEYMBM CINCINNATI, May 26.—1 t may be the roar of the locomotive or the sight of telegraph poles flashing by, but something or other makes me more than usually talk ative when I ride on trains. That’s why I can’t sleep. Along about four in the morn ing I Invariably find myself in the club car with one reluctant listener. He wants to go to bed but I impale him with an accusing forefinger and exclaim, “And furthermore, I think you ought to know, and I propose to tell you!” The minute I get on a train I begin to look around for a vic tim. I try to get some man who is sitting at a table. Part of the strategy is to let him begin the discussion. All I need is to have the fellow marked as prey make some simple observation such as, “It looks as if they need some rain out here.” a tt n Leaping With an Answer Heywood Broun WITH that as a lead I leap in and answer, “They certainly need rain around here, but even more they need an amendment to the United States Con stitution. Do you realize that decisions such as the Triple A opinion, the Guffey verdict and the findings in the North Dakota tax case have established in this country a No Man’s Land in which neither the Federal nor the state government is allowed to function. If we do not take action soon, democracy will die, because some Fascist leader will avail him self of misery and chaos by promising quick and di rect action rather than the slow and tedious process of amendment.” It doesn’t matter very much whether the audience says “Yes” or “No” or “Do tell.” In almost every instance I cut him short and continue. “And the chief difficulty in amending the Constitution is that the process seems to be relegated to that limbo of time which obtained in regard to Alice’s jam.” Sometimes the man across the table says, “What Alice?” or, “What jam?” But it doesn’t matter par ticularly because I always go on to say, “You re member, of course, that in Wonderland Alice found that she could get jam yesterday or jam tomorrow but never get jam today. And in somewhat similar fashion the progressive forces of this country are forever saying, ‘Of course, we must have a constitu tional amendment, but this isn’t the right time to start the agitation.’ “Do you realize, my friend, that the average Amer ican pays very scant attention to economic or politi cal issues except in a presidential year? “The repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment is cited to prove the contention that amendment is really fairly simple once the people have made up their minds. But this is not a fair analogy to the situa tion in which we now find ourselves. Repeal be came a campaign issue and was freely discussed. The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt spurred on the process of change. “And again, there could be no great dispute as to the kind of amendment needed to restore legal liquor. Today much of the drive behind the move ment to enable Congress to legislate for labor and for the farmer is vitiated by the fact that there are three dozen different kinds of amendments being proposed. The eagerness for change defeats itself by spawning too many separate panaceas. tt tt tt Nothing Quite So Topsy-Turvy IF there is to be an amendment it certainly should be broad enough in its scope to enable the na tional legislators to curb child labor. Nothing is quite so topsy-turvy in our land as the fact that millions of children are being sweated and exploited while 12,000,000 adults stand along the sidelines without jobs. The fact that child labor is increas ing during the very depth of an unemployment crisis stamps us as being almost insane in the handling of our affairs. “If anybody tells me that the founding fathers would be against the abolition of child labor I can only say that the founding fathers would be utterly wrong.” And suddenly I look up and find I am talking to an empty chair. My listener has disappeared. Per haps he was bored. Or perhaps it was the ghost of Jefferson heeding some sound advice. Suspense Lacking in G. O. P. Picture BY RAYMOND CLAPPER WASHINGTON, May 26.—Stop Landon talk per sists and probably will continue to appear un til the nomination is made at Cleveland. But it is talk rather than activity. The talk results from the fact that there isn't much else to write about with regard to the Republican convention. It is the only way politicians and political writers can pump any suspense into the Republican convention situation. Landon's strength and the probability of his nomination rest on three circumstances: Firse, a sizable block of delegates, not by any means a majority, but a bigger squad than any other candidate has. Second, he almost invariably ran far ahead of the field in every’ test of strength and every straw vote, thus indicating considerable latent strength which has not yet found its way into the delegate tabula tions. Third, the fact that no considerable number of party leaders are willing to assume the responsibility for trying to head off the favorite, tie up the nomi nation and decide the deadlock in a hotel room. Nearly every one wants a quick and enthusiastic nomination. It is not likely that the convention will be in any mood to cast aside the one man who has aroused popular interest. The continued stubbornness of Charles D. Hilles of New York and other Old Guard holdouts is not due to any hope of preventing Landon’s nomination. They realized some time ago that they had missed the boat. Now they are waiting to determine whether any concessions will be made to bring them into line. They are an unhappy group. A year ago they foresaw a miscellaneous field of candidates out of which they could pick a nominee. Party sentiment got out of hand and went for Landon in spite of them. They suffered the same unhappy fate in 1928 when they tried to stop Hoover and continued their futile efforts long after every one else knew’ Hoover would be nominated. Asa result some of them never fully made their way into the good graces of the Hoover Administration. Naturally they are de pressed at having failed again to see the bandwagon coming down the road. tt tt • SIGNS of the long-expected break in the New York delegation have appeared. One upstate delegate, John C. Clark of Binghamton, declared for Landon a few days ago. He is an ally of Melvin C. Eaton, New York Republican state chairman. Landon people believe Clark's move was an over ture from the camp of the state chairman, and an Indication that the upstate crowd has decided not to wait for Hilles to make up his mind. Long and patient search of Republican National Committee campaign publicity material, extending over months, has finally yielded a substantial nugget. A press release has just come in with this devastat ing statistic: “The total male population, of voting age, west of the Mississippi River is a million less than the total unemployed in the United States.” London probably will be placed in nomination by a Kansan. Three are under consideration—John D. Hamilton, Landon campaign manager; former State Senator Fred M. Harris, and William Allen White, who appears to be the best bet provided his health permits. So far sa ean be learned no commitments regard ing the vice presidential nomination have been made. That is being held back as a hole card in case any thing becomes unstuck at Cleveland and a special SMOKING OUT THE CANDIDATES * * tt tt a tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt Borah Would Balance Budget, Shorten Hours, Check Farm Imports This is the second of a series of articles, “Smoking Oat the Candi dates,” written by Frazier Hunt, world famous reporter, for NEA Serv ice and The Indianapolis Times, in which are presented the answers of Republican presidential possibilities to the same ten questions on vital issues of the day. tt tt tt BY FRAZIER HUNT (Copyright. 1938, NEA Service, Inc.) gENATOR BORAH was the second candidate for the Republican presidential nomination to face my list of the 10 most important problems that confront America. When I sprang them on the Old Lion of the Senate, * who can still roar and still bite, he shook his mane and growled a hearty approval: “Sure I’ll answer them. I’ll answer any and all questions that the rest of them will answer. But hold on here, you haven’t anything in this list about the Wagner-Costigan anti-lynching bill. I’m taking the rap because I’ve got nerve enough to say openly that it’s unconstitu tional. Smoke these other fellows out about that item.” I explained that it was too late to add to my 10 questions, and that I’d have to let them ride as they were. He growled a bit over that, but his inherent sense of fairness made him ste the cor rectness of my position. You can always depend on the Borah type of ruggfed honesty. “All right,” I went on “How about this first, question?” “Wait until this Ohio primary is over,” he in sisted. “Come avound then and I’ll work out this stuff with you.’’ When I saw him a week or two later and slipped the typewritten list to him he glanced over it and Hunt then ran his capable right hand through his still tawny mane. ‘ Say, Hunt,” he pronounced, “it’d take me two weeks to handle fully this innocent-looking bunch of dynamite crackers you’ve got here. Why a man would need a thousand words to answer that single No. 4 question about our currency problems. . . . But I’ll try my best anyway.” Mr. Borah travels by himself. Besides being the Old Lion he’s the Lone Wolf of the Senate. And by some mysterious formula he seems to have successfully evaded that persistent enemy of man kind known as The Ravages of Time. tt tt TT was 17 years ago when I first X met Senator Borah, and except for a few more wrinkles, a little less hair and possibly an extra chin or two, he hasn’t changed a bit. He can get just as en raged, and he can pound his desk just as hard, and his eyes can blaze just as magnificently as back in 1919. At 70 he still can outride or outwalk the ordinary man with a mere half-century to his credit. Long experience has made him an even more effective debater than ever before. He still has his championship wallop. He continues to be the No. 1 thorn in the side of the Repub lican Old Guard. Only he him self knows whether or not he’ll “take a walk” if Mr. Landon is nominated at Cleveland. And it’s highly probably that he hasn’t made up his own mind as yet. If he does break out, it’ll be fun to listen to him roaring and tearing through the political jungle. Meantime, it’s interesting to study the Senator’s answers to the 10 questions. tt tt tt 1 DO YOU favor balancing the budget? If so, do you advocate reducing relief expenditures or in creasing taxes? If by taxes, what kind? If not by taxes, how? I favor balancing the budget. That is a sound principle which should alw’ays be maintained when practically possible. But I would not favor increasing taxes for that purpose. In so far as it is possible to balance the budget through re ducing expenditures, that should LET'S EXPLORE YOUR MIND BY DR. ALBERT EDWARD WIGGAM JfIWU 11%/ INDICATE /%*••**•l V 11/} 'fOOR INTELLI6EMCE &ETf&R.]MAH lljfaL NoUR ‘ AM-fIY? —Kftec <x tooE 1 AENIPW THAN B0Y6? A \b 72. B6AV6 TenPc** temperature leToo HOT. aw * 6IAI£M6NT6 BE PROVED M LOCMCAL RE*bONIN6? il |in IIN A fine discussion of this problem by E. J. Roeihslis berger, Harvard School of Business, in the Personnel Journal, he points out that A’s statement can be proved or disproved with a ther mometer—the strict logic of fact. But even if you prove to B that the temperature is below zero, it does not disprove his statement because he feels too hot and that ends all argument. m IT INDICATES your “general ** intelligence” or “general men tal alertness” better than mechani cal ability does because it covers a vastly w’ider range of mental ac tivity and behavior and is the chief means for expressing the mental and emotional life. Mechanical intelli gence is a very large phase of in telligence but ooany of the great thinkers have been poor mechanics. A man may be a fine mechanic but, without high general intelligence, which is best indicated by his abil ity to use language, he can not be The Indianapolis Times be done. But unemployment must be taken care of, and the extent to which expenditures can be re duced is wholly problematical. It is rather difficult to determine. However, I have no doubt that a great waste and unnecessary ex penditures exist. tt tt tt 2 SHOULD relief be by direct cash payments or as wages? Should relief be paid for and ad ministered by the Federal govern ment or by the states, or both? Relief must be adjusced ac irg to the conditions prevailing in different communities. I favor it being done by the Federal govern ment, although I think that the individual states should have much more to do with the admin istration of relief than at the present time. tt tt tt 3 HOW should the problem of permanent unemployment and care of the aged and unemployed be handled? I am in favor of old-age pen sions. The amount is the only question in debate. I do not con cede that there should be any permanent unemployment if we had an economic situation with out monopolistic control. There is no more necessity to have perma nent unemployment than to have contagious diseases. Proper treat ment will get rid of both. tt tt it A Do you favor further devalua tion at present gold content? Do you believe in any form of currency change, currency infla tion or credit inflation, a return to the gold standard, the remoneti zation of silver or a managed cur rency. The money question is so in volved that it would require a most extensive discussion. I am against both inflation and defla tion. I am in favor of the govern ment itself coining money and come an engineer. Mechanical in telligence is probably pretty clearly separated from vocabulary intelli gence or the intelligence by which we grasp abstract things such as the meaning of words or the solution of problems in numbers. tt tt 3 DR. CATHARINE COX MILES, Yale psychologist, in an ex haustive tabulation and interpreta tion of the numerous tests and studies of tthe differences of the sexes, entitled "Sex in Social Psy chology,” concludes that tests, to date, show girls are on the average consistently superior to boys in memory. * One of the best studies is still that made in 1918 by L. W. Pressly, psychologist, on 2544 school children between the ages of 9 to 16. Especially in logical memory, that is the ability to read a paragraph and remember the main ideas in a con nected way, the girls exceeded the boys. NEXT—Are 1 Women of 35 and Older .Good Marriage Risks?. TUESDAY, MAY 26, 1936 /~n / Senator William Edgar Borah regulating the value thereof as provided in our Constitution. tt tt tt 5 Do you favor any program whose aim is to control or fix wages, working hours or a shorter work week? I favor a shorter work week. tt tt tt 6 Do you favor an amendment .to the Constitution authoriz ing the Federal government to deal with economic and social Washington Merry-Go-Round BY DREW PEARSON AND ROBERT S. ALLEN TTTASHINGTON, May 26. ’ * Some of the bright inner circle boys have figured out how Harry Hopkins, the President’s fair-haired favorite, can be made a Cabinet member. They would have to create a new department, made of inde pendent bureaus and agencies from other departments, to be known as the Department of So cial Welfare. The idea is not anew one; it has been advocated by govern ment reorganizers in the past. There is a lot to be said for the idea. Scattered throughout the government structure are numer ous agencies dealing with various phases of social welfare, which advantageously could be brought under a single administrative head. For example: The Public Health Service is in the Treasury, the financial branch of the govern ment. The Children’s and Wom en’s bureaus are in the Labor De partment, while the Office of Edu cation and the Board of Voca tional Education are under the jurisdiction of the Interior De partment. The Social Security Board and the Relief Adminis tration are independent. tt tt tt THE inner circle proposal is to create anew (eleventh) de partment out of all these units with allied interests. Proponents of the plan claim that the President looks on it with favor—particularly the idea of putting Hopkins at its head. It is certain that the program will be seriously urged if Roosevelt is re-elected. However, it will be strenuously resisted by some of his Cabinet prima donnas. Stripping the Labor Department of the Children’s and Women’s Bureaus would leave Madame Secretary Perkins with a skeleton department. Extremely sensitive about any diminution of her au thority, she can be depended upon to fight the removal of the two bureaus from her control. Secretary Ickes also has shown no disposition to give up any ad ministrative jurisdiction. On the other hand, Chairman John Winant of the Social Se curity Board is friendly to the idea of a Social Welfare Depart ment, and would offer no objec tion to making his agency a part of such a setup. If created, the new department would be one of the largest and most powerful divisions of the government, ranking with the Treasury and State Departments in importance. a tt m T TNTTL charges of mail fraud U sent Dr. Francis E. Townsend stalking defiantly out of the House committee room, the lowa country doctor who started the Old-Age Pension movement proved one of the sassiest and most suc cessful witnesses to appear before a congressional cor. mittee in re cent years. He had the commit tee gasping by the frankness of his answers. Here are some sample cross fires directed by and at Con gressmen Hoffman (Mich.), Bell (Mo.), Cavagan (N. Y.) and Lu cas (111.): Bell—You still own more than 50 per cent of the Prosperity Pub lishing Cos, And you say. it is ULi,, .... problems, national in scope, or of limiting the courts as to their right to declare laws of Congress unconstitutional? I do not favor an amendment to the Constitution which would de prive the states of the power to deal with internal, economic and social problems. The question is asked: If I favor amending the Constitution to deal with social problems national in scope. I am of the opinion we do not need an amendment if the problems are worth millions. But you solely control the corporation, do you not? Townsend—l propose to con tinue to do so. Bell—You have expressed a de sire to get your counsel a seat in Congress. Townsend —Certainly. I would be delighted to see him here. Cavagan—You presume that under the California law you could take the assets of ORAP? Townsend—We could not take them. Cavagan—When did you come to that presumption? Townsend—May I ask my at torney to enlighten you on the California statutes? Cavagan—l do not need any enlightenment! Hoffman—Did you ever say you were the embodiment of Jesus Christ? Townsend —No. Hoffman—Why did you refer to “the apparent unfriendliness of this committee?” Townsend—ls I may be per mitted to elucidate: It has ap peared to me from the beginning that this committee is more in terested in besmirching the char acter of people than ascertaining anything of truth concerning the virtues of the movement. tt tt tt 'T'HE new surgeon general of the United States Public Health Service is a brilliant, in tense young man who believes in calling a spade a spade, in giv ing “social diseases” their proper names. Other countries are not afraid of the words says Surgeon Gen eral Thomas Parran. The Amer ican public, he continues, must discard its parlor manners and speak of venereal diseases with CWH Ab® IM* IT • by LyWy *‘lf K your kid gets any fancy notions from the show — don’t . , say I didn’t warn you” n'irti>nn- national in scope—that power al ready belongs to the national gov ernment. I certainly do not favor limiting the power of the Supreme Court to pass upon the constitu tionality of acts of Congress. That would destroy constitutional gov ernment. tt tt tt 7 Do you favor modification or suspension of the anti-trust laws to enable business men to get together; (a) To agree on trade practices; (b) To agree on labor relations; (c) To agree on control of production; (and) To at tempt to fix prices? I do not favor any modification or suspension of the anti-trust laws. I would strengthen them and enforce them. Under the decisions of the Supreme Court, business men may now get to gether in regard to certain trade practices and labor matters, and it is not necessary, in my judg ment, or in the interests of the country that any greater au thority shall be given in this re spect. tt tt tt 8 What is your remedy for the farmer? Do you favor the curtailment of production, indus trial or agricultural? In the matter of agriculture, I do not favor reduction of produc tion. If the American people could buy what they actually need for a decent standard of living, there would be no overproduction on the farm. I would say in this connection that the American mar ket belongs exclusively to the American farmer to the extent of his ability to supply it. I would not favor the importation of farm products so long as the American farmer has a surplus of farm products. tt tt tt 9 Are you in favor of the policy of making reciprocal trade treaties to encourage foreign trade or reduce tariff walls? I am definitely in favor of all treaties and trade agreements be ing made by Congress, and against the idea of any trade treaties or agreements being made without the approval of the Senate. tt u tt j A Do you favor a policy of XV/ public power development; the continuance or expansion of TVA, and control of utilities through the utilities holding com pany act? I favored the Utilities Hold ing Act. Next—Col. Frank Knox. the same candor as tuberculosis or small-pox. Parran sees a break in public sentiment on the subject in the last few months. Only a year ago a broadcasting agency banned a speech of his because it used the word “syphilis.” But last Febru ary, a similar speech was allowed in uncensored form. He finds that a similar change has occurred in newspaper policy. Many editors now admit free dis cussion of the subject, whereas they used to allow only veiled ref erences under the polite name, “social disease.” tt tt tt ■fITHEN tne Commerce Depart or the NRA it inherited an air cooling machine which Blue Eagle employes gave Gen. Johnson as a birthday gift, plus a refrigera tor in which he kept food in his office. Little Robbie, his secretary, used to cook his meals adjacent to his office. . . . Most expert gardeners in the Cabinet are Sec retary of the Interior Ickes (in ventor of new varieties of gla dioli), Assistant Secretary of Stats Sumner Welles, and Secre tary of Commerce Roper. Roper is a specialist in old-fashioned Southern gardens. . . . The Food and Drug Administration recently fined a patent medicine manu facturer $75 for claiming his prod ucts would . . . “cure run-down and debilitated conditions, acido sis, anemia, stomach ulcers, colitis, high blood pressure, obesity, rheu matism, neuritis, constipation, backache, purify the blood, bow els, kidneys and bladder, and cre ate an appetite.” The FDA found the product to be a mixture of water, laxative and an iron solution. (Copyright, 1936. by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.) Second Section Entered ns Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind. Fair Enough WESICMPMEt May 26.—Prophecy is not my line but I dare say that the American people have a better than even chance to play host for four more years to Senator Wild Will Lyons, the executive as sistant to the Postmaster General and the great American guest. Senator Lyons occupies an office close to that of James Farley in which he performs his public services in return for the salary pertaining to one of the first ap pointments that Mr. Farley signed after coronation day, March 4, 1932. These duties consist of clip ping x and pasting in scrap books all the articles and cartoons that he can find in the papers relating to Mr. Farley and himself and of keeping the Postmaster General amused. This latter phase of his work is surely a worthwhile pub lic project, though hardly to be classed as self-liquidating. Mr. Lyons has worn the title of Sena tor for many years, explaining that he was for a spell in his early days a member of the Upper House of Colorado. He will admit, also, under so little pressure as to be scarcely noticeable, that he once rode with the Texas Rangers. That phase of hls < L a !s er was a little before my time, however, and I have known him only as an inveterate guest, the constant guest, as you might say, and as a cloth mg saiesman touring the beet fields and mine fields 01 , West with a l* ne of snappy two-pants suits with belt in the back, combining the best goods with the highest character and workmanship, for as little as sl2. tt tt tt From Dempsey to Farley AFTER Jack Dempsey came along to be heavy weight champion of the world, Mr. Lyons be came his guest on many occasions over the period of his reign and after Dempsey lost the title the Senator attached himself to Mr. Farley, who was then just beginning to organize Frank Roosevelt. Always during my acquaintance with the Senator he has had steady employment either in the two pants suit with belted back line or as executive assistant to the Postmaster General. Yet, if you were to ask me what he does I would instinctively reply, “Do? Why he is a guest.” Because notwith standing his achievements in other lines, notwith standing his statesmanship in the Colorado Legisla ture, his visit to the Taxas Rangers, his services as honorary timekeeper at some of the big Dempsey fights, I still would have to think of him in terms of his guestmanship or guesthood. It seems almost as if there is some law in this country or a great national conspiracy to prevent the old Senator from getting off his hands, not that it has been any great struggle to prevent him from doing so. The Senator just seems to accept the situation gracefully and submits peacefully to a fate which denies him the privilege of lifting the tab for the party. There have been some great fumblers along Broadway who could break an arm churning their pants pockets while the waiter went to sleep on his feet, but the old Senator is not one of those. If a man is a guest it is bad manners of him to give the bill so much as a distant glance, and even worse form to fumble. In this respect the Senator can look the whole world in the face and defy any man to name the time when he was not a perfect gentleman. The Senator’s guestmanship extends to other phases of his existence. He has probably the great est American collection of season passes for things, including gold engraved passes and heavily embossed cards of admission and, of course, his warrant of ap pointment as special assistant to the Postmaster General in itself is a pass. It has given him the status of guest of the American nation for almost four years now and its renewal will extend the in vitation for four years more. tt tt tt A Model of Behavior SENATOR LYONS wears a toupee with a white blaze down the middle which sometimes gets turned somewhat slaunchwise in the heat of a social evening and he generally carries a walking stick, suitable for beating up whole gangs of des peradoes on dark streets at night. He is a man of elaborate courtesy to ladies and a model of be havior as becomes a guest. In Washington, having no inhibitions, he is a very helpful man to his friends. Mr. Farley has limits beyond which he will not go, but Senator Lyons stands in awe of no man or office. I dare say that if I were to call him up in the middle of the night to get me out of jail he would immediately telephone Chief Justice Hughes and yell, “Hey, Charlie, Peg is in the can for some trouble with a cop; we have got to get him out.” That reminds me that the Senator never has been my guest. I must invite him to dinner, al though I probably will have to wait my turn for most likely he is booked up years in advance. New Books THE PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS— MR. A. P. HERBERT in his little book, WHAT A WORD! (Doubleday-Doran; $2), part of which appeared in numbers of Punch, is very amusing as he wages his war on the misuse of words. Tt is rather startling to realize how w’e have be come accustomed to involved phrases and high sounding words, as they are debunked (he would dis like that word) before our eyes by Mr. Herbert. Some of the more recently coined words send him on the warpath in a highly entertaining way. Would you think “de-ratization” used in official or ders and reports means simply “getting rid of rats”? The latter is longer, granted, but the former—“what a word”! There is a good index where you can find your own pet aversions. tt tt tt A“WHO-DUNNIT” with a Cape Cod setting and the wily Asey Mayo as the sleuth is THE CRIM SON PATCH, by Phoebe Atwood Taylor (Norton. $2). Down at Skeket was an old house cut off from the mainland by a swamp. Here were gathered several young people, one of whom was “ghost-writing” the autobiography of a popular radio star. Their isolation was rudely interrupted with the murder of the radio beauty by an unknown person who “throws a mean harpoon.” Asey’s slow speech and casual manner cloak a quick intelligence and an uncanny ability to scent a murder and find the mur derer. This is a book to put on your hammock list for summer. It is high in entertainment value and easy on the brain cells. it tt IF we fancy ourselves as masters of our fates and captains of our souls, Clarence A. Mills’ LIVING WITH THE WEATHER (Caxton Press, $150) may feive us pause. Climatic conditions, he tells us, play an important part in determining our dispositions, physical condi tions, and mental attitudes. Those who dwell in the variable temperatures and severe storms of parts of the United States he warns against overstimulation. Highly organized and competitive athletics are harm ful. Alcohol is a safer stimulant than coffee. Man’s energy is largely consumed in his youth, leaving a middle age of depressed vitality. The writer, however, does not leave us merely with these warnings. He shows us how, by properly under standing the effects of atmospheric conditions, we may counteract than and even make them &yt Ufc Westbrook Pegler