51 ir
Wmfa
iM
SOL. MILLER, EDITOR AND PUBLISHER. -
VOLUME CTL-NUMBER 49.1
Choice gaetrg.
M mlD 18 MUX TO Rt&XB, WllA-lfc.
ST WILLIAM MOTUKIWXLt.
Mr beid U like to rend. Willie,
Mr btmt U like to bwk:
T wtaiin' .vffmj ft. Willie,
I'm djin for your ke!
0' lay your cbeek to mm. Willie,
Yonr hand on my brit bane
0. My yell tblnk on me, Willin,
Wbra I md deid ut gwe!
It'a Tln to comfort me, Willie,
Sir cricf duo ba'e iU will ;
Bat let me ret open juar brie.
To ub and erect my 11H
Let me lt on your knee. Willie,
Xt tne shed by yoor hair.
AiHllookiatntbeinv Willie. - -
I serer ull aee mair.
r sittln on yoor knee, Willie,
For the last time in my life
A pulr, heart-broken thin. Willie,
A mithrr, yet nae wife.
Jy, pres your faaad opon my heart.
And prrM It mair and mair.
Or It will bant the silken trinff,
8m trang la its despair.
O. waeV me f..r tbe bonr. Willie,
Wbes we Uirpither met
O, wae'a m f-r the time. Willie,
That oar fimt try.t was set!
O, waes me for the loanm green
Where we wrre wont to pae
And u'i me ffr tbe tltfttinle
Tbat gait me late thee sue!
O, dinna mind my words, Willie,
X downa seek; to blame:
Hut, O. it's bard to lire. Willie,
And dree a canld wartd'a shame!
ITet tears are bailln' ower your chetV,
And hailin' ower your enin:
Why weep ye sae for wortblessncss.
For sorrow, and for sin f
I'm weary o this warld. Willie.
And sick wf a' I are;
I casna live ss I ha'e tired.
Or be as I aboold be.
Bat faald onto yoar heart Willie,
The heart tbat still Is thine.
And klM anee mair tbe white, white cheek
Ye said waa red lanssyne.
A atom fm throve!, my held, Willie,
A nair atoan through my heart
O. hand me no, and let me kUs
Thy brow ere we twa pairt.
Anitner. andanltberyet! ,
How fat my Ufe-strlnK" break!
Farewrelt ftfewerll thmashon Lirk-yurd
Step bchtly for my sake!
Tbe lsY'mek In the lift. Willie,
That lilts far ower oar hv id.
Will sin the mem as merrflie
Abase the clay-canld deld :
And thU green tnrf we're sitttn on.
Wl dsw-draps Mmmeiin nbeen.
Will bap the heart that lnYlt thee
As warld has srWrnn neen.
But, O, remember dm, Willie,
On land -where'er ye be;
And. O. think on tbe leal. leal heart.
That ne'er Writ ane bet thee!
And, O. think on the caald, cftald moils
That fill my yellow hair t
That kls tbe cheek, and kiss the chin,
Te never sail kiss mair!
JWcrt Jfonf.
THE AEKAJfSAS COWARD.
.A..WESTEKH' SKETCH. .
The bcantiful little town of Van Bureii, nn the
Arkansas Kiver, near the Cherokte line, dur
ing its early history, was famous fur the number
and ferocity ofitn desperadoes, being the pritici
pal focus if re iidrzrmi for gambler , Iinlian tra
ders, and all sorts of aihrntuirrs, who hail found
it necessary ti change tlirir itomii-il. friiin a laud
gnxenied by the administration of a rigid erinii-'
Unicode. The half-breed hraxos from the C'her
o"kee nation, also, flocked In the same site, ti
drink, carouse, take a hand at caicX and exhibit
their power in singular "net-ton"' with iistoli
ang knives. 8nrh sutatpnfsncivtr may be im
agined it cannot be described. Nnt a aim per
formed its circuit that did not witneta Miinn
dreadful ningle combat with or without ninnlrr
ouBiWCJiponii, while now and then dozens at a
time, and by mutual agreement, marcheil from
theVnin-ohnp Into a public square and engaged
iu mortal strife.
At this perioil, Tbuma A. Silent emigratnl to
Arkansas, and openel a large grocery store, in
Van IJnren acting himself ai keewr and retail
er. 8nch an occupation, at that time, required a
mau of the tnont determineil courage, tut the
store always had a back room attached, especial
ly appropriated to gambling, both by day and
night, and where players were supplied with the
choicest. liquors of the bar, and would bo sure to
Iinlly tbe grocer ont of his reasonable charges,
unless restrained by fear.
Foe a while, however, Myers succeeded admi
rably. The half-breeds, loafers and chartered
fighters, as tbey called themselves, held a caucus
and voted unanimously that the new arrival was
dangerous subject, and had better be left alone.
The decision was altogether- owing to Mvers'
ersonal appearance, as might well be conceived,
all, manly an symmetrical in shape, with great
endowments both in strength and agility, he
would have had bnt few- equals in the arms of
naked nature. But .the cunuing inventions of
art iron, steel, and lead the thunder and light
ning of gun-powder are made to fight for the
feeblest bosoms; and thns the dwarf and giant,
provided both alike, are the heirs of true cour
age, and now stand on the same level. It was be
lieved, also, that Myers possessed the resolution
to handle theve horrid engines of destruction,
where life and death hnugnpon the touch of a
trigger. His countenance Itetokrneil the jM-rfi-c-tion
of bravery. Ilia fiire ore generally a stern
expression, and when that melted into'a smile,
the smile seemed ttill more stern. His eyes were
exceedingly black, wild penetrating and'reiUesn,
and had tbat cold, gleaming, metallic look, which
may be regarded as the sure sign of desperation.
Besides, he carried an appalling supply of pis
tols, and' bowie-knife fourteen inches ia the
blade. Heoee, everybody was respectful and
obliging to tbe ostensible hers of a period of sev
eral weeks, during which an unusual calm reign
ed in the town.
At length a terrible affray occurred at Myers'
grocery. Half a dozen fire arms exploded iu
quick succession, and the deafening roar an
frightened tbe keeper, that he took to his heels
and fled from bis own establishment. The fact
settled pnblie opinion as to his character.
"What a chicken-hearted coward to rnn from
his own castle," exclaimed General Cole, the Na
poleon of frontier duelists and gamblers.
' Why, he hasn't the spunk of a dead nossnn,"
lisped Bill Green, the dandy loafer, combing his
f'soap locks" with his loug, rosy nails.
"Let's drink his liquor and smoke his cigars,
and not pay for them, 'canse as ho w he's a cow
ard," said Jack Warhawk, a huge half-breed, and
began to fill glatsea, and hand out cigars, cry
ing ."Toast to the brave, niy boys; well never
want while the world has chickens of tbe white
feather."
The firing in the grocery having ceased for
more than an hour, being replaced by. a din of
the meet boisterous mirth, Myers, by a great ef
fort, mastered tbe spirit to retnro. He fonnd
the customers helping themselves with a ven
geance, and thought to overcome them with the
assumption of heroic airs. He snatched his re
volver from his pocket, and pointing it at War
hawk's breast, sternly ordered him to leave tho
house.
"If that's what you're artor," shouted Jack,
unsheathing bis big bowie-knife and springing
over the counter, " here'a what'll give yon a la
dle full."
Myers still kept the revolver presented, but
his hand shook like a leaf in the tempest, and
his feet involuntarily retreated backwards by
short, quick steps. The two feelings, physical
fear and moral courage, were struggling for the
masterv. He wax endeavoring to act b ravel v. '
but his nerves refused their concurrence, and tie .
remained, so to speak, in bis eqnipose totally
uutiwuie 01 acting at all. ne was impotent 10
fight, and as powerless to fly.
There Wax nn snrh hesitation nn (1ia nart of
Jack Warhank. Brandishing his knife in his
nght band, he seized the flowing locks of Myers
in his left, and roared at the top of his nogB I
"lown, cowardly bonnd, n yonr marrow
bones, or by the blazes, I'll cut yonr throat!"
Incredible as it may seem, Myers, still holding
uwukmuj io.vi.ui iumucu nun niuuus, COW'
ered to tbe floor like a beaten dog, and begged
most piteously for his life a prayer, which the
mocking half-breed granted, on condition that
he would treat the whole crowd for a week.
From this time tbe unfortunate Myers was
subject to every species of insult and outrage.
The loafers would pull his nose for mere amuse
ment, the half breeds wonldspit in his face to
make him treat, and Gen. Cole, when intoxicat
ed, wonld strike him with his cane, to cure him
f his cowardice, as he said. The miserable grocery-keeper
brooked all these gross indignities
with the patience of a martyr, and wonld some
times meekly remonstrate
"Gentlemen, it is ungenerous to abuse me
thus, fer I confess I have courage I cannot
fight." " e r -
This continued fer a whole year, when a change
ocenrred tbat caused tbe insnlters to ru their
ignoble persecutions. He had a beautiful wife,
whom he loved with the tenderest passion. One
day, when tbe husband was absent, the hideous
halt-breed, Jack Warhawk, instigated to the
damning deed by Gen. Cole, went to the grocery
keejwr'i) private residence, and maltreatedhis la
dy in tbe most shameful manner.
Myers returned home to find his lteloved one
drowned, as it were, in tears. He heard the har
ruwiug tale without external manifestation of
anger or emotion. His face, it's true, became
somewhat pale bis lip quivered an instant, and
settled to an expression rigid as a mouth of iron,
and bis wild, black eye, it may be, shot forth a
few more beams of penetrating fire; but he did
not mutter curses. He uttered not a whisper, or
menace be did not even deign to condole or
sympathize -with his affl'cted wife. He only arm
ed himself with a bowie-knife, fourteen inches
in the blade, from hilt to point, and started for
the village.
He ciiuo in sight of hisenemy, then promenad
ing me puuiie square, ami boasting uriiis villain
ous achievement. At this vision, Myers' lips
curled into a horrid smile, and his dark eye melt
ed into a stream of tears. lie approached, till
he stood nearly touching the half-breed, aud
then said, in a hurried nhisper
"Wretch, be quick! draw! for by St. Paul, one
of us miikt die!"
Ami lie waited until the other should be ready
for strife on equal termc. He did not have to
wail long, for Jack, understanding that cold,
glittiring, t-nake smile, and those hot gushing
team us the certain token of murderous mad
ness, immediately unsheathed at tbe same mo
ment with his adverary, and then began tbe
dreadful combat, which was soon decided.
Myers parried three furious blons of the hate
ful half-breed; and then grasping his foe's cloth
ing with bis left hand, with the other plunged
tho knife into his heart. Tbe Cherokee expired
without groan.
And now the inward and terrible passions of
Myers found vent in appalling explosions. His
curses were fearful to hear he snnrned his ene
my with his fimt, and wished alond he had a
hundred lives, so he could enjoy the pleasure of
killing him an hundred times on r. His wrath
then changed fur his other insnlters. He flew at
loafer, Kill Greeu, and tore out his "soap locks"
by hatip;fiil. He sprang upon Gen. Cole, and
pulled his noo until it was flattened lictween his
thumb and lingers all the while that gory knife
dripping with Mood.
His enemies were so taken by snrprise terrnr-
Hinckeu. siupeiieti, mat, tor a space, tbey seemed
uttcily incap.itde of voluntary, motion.
The cowanl "had suddenly Income the bravest
of the brave. The equipwe of opposite feelings
was destroyed forever; the fheer ion er of pure
tciii iiuii i-oMijurjru Wlicn lear.
Dies auy of our readers doubt onr strange sti
ry I If so, let them address a letter of inquiry to
Him. George W. l'jtthcl, Van ltiiren, late Jndge
iifth.-Supreme Court of Arkansas, and tlie fnll
iwit information may Ite obtained.
On tho evening of the same day. Gen. -Cole
called a special eouniil of his friends, to consult
on the course be should pursue. There was but
one opinion that he had been insulted by a
gross public indignity, and must call his foo to
the field of honor.
Accordingly, iihui the following day, a chal
lenge was despatched, wbiih Mr. Myers very
promptly accepted, nod fTied the time at noon of
tbe same day the weapons to be double-barreled
shot-guns the distance ten paces.
The parlies met on the sauil-!cach, nnder the
bauk of the river, alxne the town, and hundreds
assembled to witness the issue. Tho mortal be
ligerents were placed by their seconds, and tho
death-dealing guns enormous double-barrel
restex with dark, yawning muzzles on the sand,
iu their hands. The spectators were much as
tonished by the strange contrast exhibited in
their appearance. Gen. Cole was an old, expe
rienced duelist, who had shot his mail before he
was eighteen, and had often been engaged in af
fairs of this kind.
On the contrary, Myers was unacquainted with
fire-arms, and had always hitherto been deemed
hii unmitigated poltroon. And jet, singular to
record, the duelist was nervous and agitated,
almost trembling, while the reputed coward was
calm, firm, steady as a rock, with that horrid
smile on bis curling lip, and a few scattering
tear-drops, gleaming in the sun, nn his cheek.
Gen. Cole's second gae the word. Fire one,
two, three! n need not, however, to have
counted so many, for with the echo of the word
fire, Myers elevated his piece as quick as thought,
and touched the trigger. There was a tremend
ous roar, and Gen. Cole fell dead. His head was
pierced with twenty buckshot.
No man ever again called Mjcrs a coward, iu
Arkansas nn one ever thought of the term, as
bis shadow gleamed in the suulight. He bad
taken his degree in the college of desperation,
and his diploma was written iu blood!
He became a politician of great notoriety a
leader in that part of the Slate was repeatedly
eletted .to the Legislatnre, where he acquired
distinction by his talents, but more by his fear
less daring, and he is said to be iu progress of as
cension, having recently obtained the commis
sion of Major General of the Militia. We hope,
before many months, to see his name en the roll
of Members of Congress.
Nature made him a coward love for his insnlt
ed wife made him brave and bravery bas con
ferred bnuor.
A xreiaMe Anniversary.
Two hundred years ago tho-coming 17th of
June, the Mississippi was discovered, according
to the historian, and it is proposed to revive the
half-forgotten memories of Marquette and Joliet
by celebrating tbe event at St. Louis aud other
places along the line of the historic river. On
tbe lOthof June, 1673,Marnnettcand Joliet, priest
and merchant, attended by five other French
men and two Indians, left Green Bay for the
south-west. They ascended the Fox river in ca
noes to the dividing ridge between it and the
Wisconsin. Carrying their light canoes nn their
shoulders across the "divide." they launched
them on the Wisconsin. All bnt Marqnette and
Joliet returned to Green Bay. The heroic priest
and the merchant descended to tbe newly dis
covered river, and on the I7th of Jane, 1673, they
glided out of the Wisconsin upon the besom of
tbe upper Mississippi "with a joy," says the dis
coverer, "that I cannot express." Thence they
pursued the explorations to the month of the
Arkansas river, and returned by tbe way of the
Illinois river, arriving at their settlement at
Green Bay the 1st of September. And now, says
the St. Louis Republican, after a lapse of two
hundred years, after the wilderness they found
has been converted into fields and franlena-aaf.
terthe wigwam villages have faded away, and
the shadows of mightv cities rail upon the wa
ters of the stream tbey fonnd flowing through
trackless wilds, it is'proposed to erect some suit
able memorial which smJI preserve tLeir fame
till the latest times.
A vkbt nnpleasant fix was that of the gent on
biX&iito&t
tight boots while adog fight was goingon arouud '. . a "ra .- "I""ty ro .' ,BOTeK
the corner. He finally gotont thfre in hi. s7ock- g 2FArmu' n0t to b0 P tofi?m!a
ing feet, bnt the fight was over.-Dass.r, iVr,. I!f J",0?"11!?80,1!' 1 err?pt thefeonrtt
' I S0011" or ''er ' nijnois struggle mnst reach
-..TII I ! '. T. . Q.n.r State, nuless, happilv, the wb.Ie internal
A WfcSTER paper doubts the policy of tbe commerce among the States shall be well and
State s paying attorneys fees for defending timely regulated by the general government,
pnsoners, who wouM ofleq plead guilty if they , It was wise in the farmers convention, there
were obliged to pay for their own counsel. x fore, to take steps prepiratorr to this jrtoding
TROY,
Ipftdfcmg.
"""""""eWsjwsvWsvWwvsWVw
T atOTmEsVS WBKEL.
In th, shadows creepiir Ver
Harrow psas sad sttic Door.
Stands a wheet with mumlderlax. hand.
Turned no more by foot or hana;
Dust apon It deeply lie.
Tlnr epMks Ut cloud the eyes;
Over It the spiders spin
DsyUffct out and eveeiag la.
As I sit beside it now. . .
Weary heart and schist brow.
Tears co backward, ae tbe tide
From the surer ana wide (tide,
lite ania la paaeiiii tab-;
8oaahuie glide my bee sad ban-.
And a staple calM I kaeet,
Happy by Una Utile waeeL
Oncestfsiala
Pita ban.
While the mceMnta m m
See the tlrrkae flnmra hold
osaac
Finest threads Uke ahisiag gold :
Buy till the eoDshuw red.
Till the Uat taint bean U fled; .
BpuwiBg. all the livelong day.
Hoars of psia and joy sway.
Faithful hands that tolled so long,
Upajhat snnx my cradle aoag.
Come and hash my sighs oace more,
LtEhtea tmrdeae a before!
boiuy through the silent room
i inau a bnghtntaa through the gl
While her presence seems to ateal
brighteeao through the gloom.
Back to me. beside UuVwkteL
ADBBEM TO THE F1UIEB OP KAItl
AS.
In ordering the publication, in pamphlet form,
of tho following proceedings of the Farmers' Con
vention of the State, of Kansas, the executive
committee thought it wise to accompany the
same with an address to their fellow citizens.
They wished special attention called to what ap-
warei 10 meni 10 oe ine more important points
in the discussions. Tbev wish to eounsel and en
courage their fellow farmers and all good men,
reelecting the further prosecution of tbe great
work no auspiciously begun. The very short
time in which such an address must be matured
aud prepared, in order to accompany the publica
tion of the proceedings, on which the types were
already clicking before tbe convention was fairly
closed, must render it rather hnrried and incom
plete. Furthermore, since there is neither time
nor opportunity to submit it to tbe revision of the
committee, it is but fair that tbe writer should
be held responsible for anything unwise or im
prudent it may contain.
The origin of tbe convention is well stated iu
the proceedings. Its object were well and plain
ly developed during the sittings, aud finally took
definite and satisfactory shape in the Constitu
tion of the Farmer's Co-operative Association of
the State of Kansas. We expect tbis asscciatinn
to lie the organized medinnibetween its members
and theontsule world makingknown our thoughts,
needs and aspirations. Tbe farmer of Americn is
no longer the serf or Imtr of tbe middle ages. He
has, by couiact with culture and enlightenment,
become a man of thought and judgment. He
wishes to make his influence known and recog
nized in the markets of tbe world, in the count
ing rooms of business and the balls of legislation,
bv other means than mere pounds avoirdupois.
He wishes to unite with all virtuonsmen in teach
ing, by word and example, the importance of
puouc nuueaiy aou integrity, luese miugs can
not lw done while farmers remain iu an isolated
condition. The learned professions and most of
the industries have their organizations for self
protection and for public purposes. By these
means immense benefits have accrued to them
selves, and have exerted great influence on soci
ety. Shall not the most needy and the most nu
merous class of all follow such good examples!
Surely tbe times demand it, as is shown by the
Isild corruption in onr legislative halls. When
the most imHirt.-int positions of houor and trust
in the State are openly trafficked in with unblush
ing impunity, when American Congressmen, with
the solemu oaths of office resting upon their con
sciences, licneath the sacred dome of the nation
al cipitol, and surrounded by all the mementoes
of historic purity, can nnblnshingly vote iuto
their on n pockets the precious millions garnered
by the hands of frugal industry to preserve the
national credit, and which should have been sa
credly applied to ease the burdens of a debt-ridden
people surely these acts should receive their
well merited censure, lest the morrow should
drop in onr laps still more bitter fruits. And
shall not the friends of agriculture organize for
public action, as well as their fellow citizens of
other professions and pnrsnitsf
Through association we expect to rnb off that
cold prejudice too likely to exist among men who
live in isolation and seldom meet for social inter
course. It is tbe dmsiou of our forces and influ
ence which has enabled designing sharpers and
politiciaus to manage ns in detail.. 4t was the
tactics of the first Aapoleon, by celerity of move
ment, to beat his enemies in detail before they
had time to act in concert. Too long have the
farmers of America been thns beaten while in a
state of separation. But, like the great Peter of
Knssia, we are learning from onr conquerors the
art of victory. Very soon we expect to meet
them, not as loose bands, or detached parties of
Cossacks, bnt as organized veterans. It is then
we hope to repeat to them discomfitnre as com
plete as that dealt out by Peter to Charles XII at
rultowa, or by Wellington and his allies to Na
poleon at Waterloo. Too long have onr halls of
legislation, and other posts of honor and trust,
been monopolized and dominated by irresponsible
speculators and politicians.
Tbe present state of agricultural progress is
transitory. For many years it bas been the chief
aim to increase onr products, both in quantity
and quality, to tbe utmost limit. For this pur
pose we have held fairs and, discussions', have
published papers and books. Crops hare been
increased and animals have been perfected, until
the markets of tbe country, from time to time,
are glutted to repletion; and stock men are ablr
to export breeding animals to the farthest limits
of the world, with credit to themselves aud to the
country. Agricultural books and papers have
been published and scattered broadcast over tbe
land, nntil tbey are piled np by the cord and ton
in every libiary. Machinery for cheap culture
and speedy harvesting has been built with magic
energy. Fair grounds have been covered with it
by tbe acre and by tbe teu acres. At times it is
tbe principal freight en the railroads, and crowds
very depot and warehouse. Onr ends In view
bare been most thorour'hlvaceomnlished. Taken
as a whole, the western farmer bas demonstrated
beyond donbt his ability not only to supply,
bnt to replete and overflow the markets of the
conntry with the prodncts of his labor. 80 true
ia this, that often tbe pries in market is too small
to pay the cost of transportation, allowing noth
ing for cost of production. Surely, then, tbis
first lesson in agriculture is well learned.
Onr next lesson is to study the art of selling
and bnying. To do this, wa mnst have markets
and equal laws. The home market ia preferable,
because of tbe cheapness and convenience of
transacting onr business there, and because onr
customers in tbe home market are local tax pay
ers, helping to snpport the financial burdens of
the vicinage. Too mneh en, then, cannot be
exercised in the snppcrt of the local home mar
kets of the country. This is done by fostering
and increasing borne manufactures. Tet, with
all their importance, these local centres of trade
cannot meet all tbe necessities of the Kansas
farmer. Many of his prodncts mnst seek a mar
ket in other States, and many of bis sappllss
mnst come from other parts of the country.
Hence arises tbe demand for cheap and speedy
transportation on the various lines of commerce.
Other States recognize tbe importance of this
lacr, ann tnongti enjoying much lower rates man
we in transportation and travel, the farmers have
tbnnght themselves aggrieved, and are now en
gaged in what has been styled a furious " railroad
war." The farmers of Illinois are evidently on
tbe side of right, and tines their cause ia onrs, we
shall be closely observant of all tbe facta aa they
transpire iu our sister State, and by kind words
and cordial sympathy encourage onr brothers in
i'VD.,hy',hrno?intmon.0P -
THE CONBTITUTIOH AND .THE TJMTOIS".
KANSAS, THURSDAY,
conflict. The committee of Ira appointed for tbe
collection of railroad statistics, most perform wall
its duties. The association and the Stat expect
it at their hands.
' Questions of tariff were discussed, and while
uuie unuoieu .no suwa 01 reducing tne tax aa
iron and salt, there was no voice in opposition to
placing lumber on the bt list, or to the entire
abolition of duties on sach articles aa do-not par
the cost of collection.
The nstianal banking lawa were exhaustively
discussed, showing conclusively that farmers un
derstand this matter quite aa well as tbe poli
ticians. It is tbe unanimous voice of the conven
tion that the people are tired of paying tbe pres
ent enormous bonuses to the banks for the little
id they niay render in circulating tbe grenu-
backs. WbV shall we DaT eornoratinna l,.l.
for tbe nse of money which we must nuarautew
to give it value, wheaVe can just aa well use our
own money (greenbacks) without charger The
larmersot Kansas place ranch emphasis on this
question, and desire onr national law makers to
respond.
Attention is called to tbe resolution on the in
justice of the recent State law, exempting all ev
idences of debt which are secured by mortgage
on real estate, from taxation. Why this State
enactment,. unjustly discriminating 'in favor of
tbe moneyed Sbylockn who would cut the last
pound of living flesh from they very ritals of onr
people! Let equal and just taxation, like tbe
dews of heaven, fall on all alike, aud the farmers
of Kansas are content.
The convention was not unanimous in senti
ment as to tbe wisdom of appnintingacominittce
at tbe present time, iu criticism of tbe manage
ment of tbe Agricultural College. A new board
of regents has been appointed, aud it is but rea
sonable to suppose tbat some change or iinurovu-
uieub is 10 ue inaugurates, ine support iroiu
the State is not large, hence no very great pro
gress can be exiected, even 'under the, very best
management. Care was exercised, therefore, in
forming the committe, to select men of wisdom
and discretion, who would be able and willing to
comprehend tbe whole state of the case. The
chairuiau of the committee has his position by the
usual courtesy extended to tbe mover of a resun
lution. Tbe president of the convention is re
sponsible for tbe appointment of the other two
gentlemen. It is hoped the committe will do
their work kindly, but thoroughly, ami give us
in due time an exhaustive report. Too loug have
these institutions, established for tbe benefit of
agriculture, been neglected by the farmers. As
a matter of conn tbey have fallen iuto other
hands less competent to their proper management,
and they are at this moment denounced as fail
ures all over tbe country. While tbe present up
rising is so general on behalf of all other agricul
tural iutorests, it ia earnestly hoped that the ag
ricultural schools and colleges of the land will
receive due attention.
Men of all industries and professions have their
technical and professional schools and colleges.
It is a neccessity to their existence aud eulight
ened progress. If agriculture desires to be any
thing morn than a blind Samson, who can only
right its wrongs by toppling to the earth all ex
isting institutions aud governments, then it is
necessary tbat first-class amiciiltnral achoota
shall be maintained. This can never be done nn
til fanners themselves are alive to the facts.
First-class schools of agriculture can never be
had under the managemeut of men who are not
well skilled aud deeply interested ia the subject
to be taught. Every professor must have his
Particular subject by heart, and "oil the brain."
le must also'.be able to infuse into his class much
of his own enthnsixsm. 8nch men, nnder an ap
propriate and able bnrtcU of regents, would com
mand a liberal snpportfroin the State, and would
give to the farmers of Kansas an agricultural
college worthy of themselves and their noble
calling.
In tbe first step of agricultural progress, when
quantity and quality is the leading idea, individ
ual eflbrt, with an occasional comparison of pro
dncts at the fairs aud in tbe markets, has been
fonnd sufficient. In the second stage or step,
when it is proposed to remodel laws and institu
tions, placing tbem on a basis of mora equal jus
tice, a more thorough and general organization
is necessary. Snch an organization as we need
has just bad its birth. Its success depends upon
the interest and continued earnestness manifest
ed by its members. Tbey mnst realize the full
truth of tbat old maxim, "Tbe laws favor the
diligent."
But I need not further enlarge.. Special atten
tion is asked to the Preamble and to Article 3 of
the Constitution of the Asssoeiation. Respect-
tuny submitted, JOB Davis,
Chairman Ex. Com.
Junction City, Ks., March 31, 1873.
llvTKBKSTI.ta BsUURIsTCBlvCB.
The Cincinnati Oaxette, in the ennrse of an obit
uary notice of Gov. Morehead, thus refers to a
visit to tbe deceased. The incident couuected
with bis Senatorial course is one tbat does honor
to the Senators from Kentncky, and will long be
held in remembrance by the free people of the
North:
" It was onr fortune to know the deceased person
ally. Less than a year ago, we visited his hum
ble bnt hospitable home, with one of tbe most
distinguished editors of theconntgr, Mr. Thurlow
Weed, of New York. He conversed of many
things connected with his pnblie life, and partic
ularly of the part ha took, while a Senator of the
United States, to obtain the confirmation of Gov
ernor Eterett, as minister to England, in 184L
Governor Everett bed been nominated by Gener
al Harrison, for thit high diplomatic position.
Hisjconfirmation was opposed by some bot-beaded
Senators from tbe South, on the ground tbat
Governor Everett was an Abolitionist, and for a
time his confirmation remained in doubt. Tbe
feeling at tbe North was intense, aud tbe rejec
tion of Mr. Everett wonld bave been regarded,
and justly so, ns a stain and indignity to the
'whole North, and wonld have been difficult to al
lay. !
Got. Morehead, with that trite modesty which
always accompanies true merit, said little of tbe
part he took to meet' and tefeat this unjust op
position in the eonfirmatien of on of America's
distinguished bobs. ( He dwelt, however, with el
oquence and prideenthe course which hia dis
tinguished roUegoe7"Heory Clay, took in that
important event. We shall never forget his de
scription of the debate. A chief opponent of Mr.
Everett was tbelatajsVie Presiduit of tbe Unit
8tatee, Wm. B. Klog7h mads s speech against
tha eonfiimatiea, and eouelnded by saying, if an
Abolitionist so marked and distinguished aa Mr.
Everett snonm receive toe eoonrmauon oi tne
United States Senate, that the Union wonld aoou
be at an end. Mr. Clay bad listened to tbe speech
with great attention, and towards the dose he
had become considerably excited, and aa Mr. King
took his seat Mr. Clay arose, and without even
addressing the Vice President, 'n ni nssrked and
peculiar manner, looking over to Mr. King, and
stretching ont bis long sinewy arm, he said, "And
I tell yon. air, if the Senate shall reject the nom
ination' of an distinguished aa dividual aa Ed
ward Everett for reasons snch aa yoa have orged,
the Union ia already at aa end."
Bofflee it to say that Mr. Everett was confirmed,
and entersd apon tbe duties of his oOce, bat It
ia due to tbe dead to aay that no'one exercised a
more important part in obtaieg that confirmation
than James T. Morehead, whose heart U bow cold,
bnt whose food name and rood works will live
in long years to coma. Those who knew hints!
while living, will mourn ovarium wbso dead
We understand that hi body will be conveyed
to Frankfort, and be interred in tbe cemetery of
tbat place, where calmly sleep many of Ken.
tnekys most illnstrions dead. To Governor
Morehead, Halleck's beautiful lines will apply
with marked propriety, when sleeping in his
grave, by Kentucky's beautiful river:
Green be the torf shore thee.
Friend of ear better days.
Bene knew thee sat to lev tbee.
gene named thee sat amine.
Tbx wife ofa track mender out West, daring
his absence, need tha hand-car belonging to tha
road to give her family an airing. The express
train came along, and th track mender has 00
oue dependent, ou him now.-
Loxo Johx WnarrwoTfi had Ms pocket nifxea
- ....."
of am the other dav. and aa it was done waen be
was standing np, be has arrested several "fsook
and ladder eoopanisa on asmieipn.
MAY 29, 18a
IBS. 8BEK.
IaearaWfcsifwjaisai'eaars.
I see taaTaiieo strati .
Hie foot every newels ansa.
Oa every stnasa ale ssB.
He's waaaVs wand at atnrrs rsDa,
Upoaaiskmdedwiia:
He'o leavtag en the (ScUred racks.
Hie fresh Isbaeee stats.
IhesrttematUcklathenuae.
The sxs stroke la the deO 1
The clamor from the Indian !s lodge.
The Jesatt's chapel beD.
I eee the swarthy trapper eases
From Ifleaiaalnni'saorlara.
And war chief with thairaai
Ami crests of aagla's wtaga.
Behind the aoaaaaaaawaWjah nai 1,
Tbe steamer emokas sad niwi
And city lou are staked for aabj.
Above eld Indian graves,
Br forest, lake, and waterml,
I see the peddlera show;
Tbe mighty mingttng with the mesa.
The lofty with the lew.
I hear tho tread of si union
Of nations yet to be;
Tbe nrrt low wash of waves, where asaa
Shan roll a harnesses.
The rudiments of empire here
Are pteetic yet. and warm;
The chaos of a mighty world
I rounding into form.
Each rode and Joatling fragment aoea
Iu fitting place shall and
Tbe raw material of a 8tate,
Its mnade and Ite miad I
And Westward ataX the atsr which leads
Tbe New World ia IU train.
Haa tipped with fire the Icy apesrs
Of many a mountain rp.fn
The snowy cones ef Oregon
And Californla'a roldea'
Are Kineiea on iu way;
Gleam brighter is IU ray.
IX AX raPLKAAliT rBBasICABlBlVT.
On Brollae with Bsmta Wahtas; Vs Live
ly t.nwwcf-Dew nssenin wnuiieoi se
Calcfc " and Blotaf.
Tho Detroit Frit Prctt tells the following little
anecdote, which points its own moral:
A day or two since, Harry Blancbard, secret
service detective, went iuto Saginaw County af
ter a man who was charged with having tamper
ed with the mail. He had tbe name and descrip
tion of the man, and waa informed before start
ing that he would have to look ont or he would
get a knife or a bullet put into him, as tbe fellow
(Samuel Large) had stated that he wonld never
be taken without having first made a good tight.
Many offenders make this boost, bnt lack the
backbone to act up to ther words, and Blanchard
did not pay much attention to the warning. Af
ter ne arnven at oaginaw, ne mane a lew can tic us
inquiries of an ex-Detroiter, and ascertained tbat
Large was stopping with a relative about twelve
miles from Wcnona. He went down tbe river,
and at Wenona learned that Large and hia broth-in-law
bad left for home about two hours before,
both armed. He waa also fuformed that Laree
bad in some way received a hint that "one of
tbose Detroitera ' was coming up to see bim, and
would, therefore, be on his guard. Mr. Blanch
ard hired a horse and started for tile house, over
a road a foot deep with mud aud water. It was
within abont an bonr of dark when became with
in sight of the place where he hoped to find bis
man. He hitched bis horse in the woods, looked
to bis revolver, and walked boldly up to tbe
house. The children bad witnessed bis approach,
and the men inside were prepared for bim.
Large's brother-in-law opened tbe door, spake
civilly, and Iilanchard took a seat which was of
fered to bim. There was no sign of Large, and it
was some time before tbe detective hinted at his
business. He first hnule inquiries about pine
lands, and then asked after the price of real es
tate, so that the man was in donbt whether bis
visitor was a speculator or an officer of the law.
Blancbard filially asked, as if merely inquiring
for an acquaintance: "Ob, br the way, have you
seen Sam. Large lately t" " Is i t Sam. or me you
want!" replied tbe roan, and he had not done
speaking before he hauled nut a navy revolver
half as long as his arm and held it on a line with
Blauchard's eye. The men were abont four feet
apart, and fur a long thirty-seconds there was not
a more or a sound to disturb tbe ticking of the
dock. The revolver was cocked, held with a
hand that did not shake, and the two looked
steadily iuto each other's eyes. The wife sat at
tbe other end of the room, a spectator, and one
of the children stood behind tha father's chair.
Tbe detective thinks he lived a whole week's time
in tbat half minnte. He saw "about" in tbe
man's eye, and was almost afraid of startling him
into pulling tbe trigger, ss be replied in a subdued
voice, "Sam is tbe man,i'm after." "That's a
different thing," said tbe man, lowering hia re
volver. "Ho went out of the back door as yon
came in, aud is three miles into woods by this
time." Of course he would say nothing to crim
inate his relative or to aid in bis arrest, but be
waa very friendly to Blancbard after he had as
certained that he was not after any one bnt 8am.
He even walked down to the place where tbe de
tective had hitched his horse, and his parting
words were: '"lTyonM "asltf' yon wanted me, or
raised a finger. I'd have bored yon through quick
er'n wink! If yon want to cntcb 8am, I bave no
particular objection, bnt your best and surest
way'lt be to about bim first, and then arrest him
afterward."
A inrtltms; Bscamctom.
A recent medical writer says: "8Isep when
ever you can ; in tbe ears anywhere when yon
can get a chance the great want of the are ia
sleep." ThU is not always safe advice to follow,
as a Lawrence gentleman knows to bis sorrow.
He wss recently afflicted with a bad cold, and to
cure binvelf sf it, resorted to the method of bath
ing his feet in warm water, and drinking a tum
bler full of gin and molasses, prescribed by sn
aged and respected friend of the family. Having
got everything in order for carrying oat the pre
script ion, be sst down by tbe stove, his pedal
extremities immersed in hot wster, a tnmbfer of
smoking gin and molasses by his side. In this
condition a sense of enjoyment stole aver bim aa
be sipped the exhilarating liquid, and he fell
asleep. His wife had gone to bed, and oa waken
ing abont three o'clock in the morning, wondered
why aba waa alone. Going down stairs, she waa
horrified to find her liege lord asleep in his chair,
the fire ont, bis feet still immersed in the water,
over -which a cake of ice waa formed, and an
empty tumbler 00 the chair beside bim. His cold
isn't a bit better.
TaaTevy wMsnt.
It U believed tbat Dr. Charles Brown, of Albe
marle, Va, is tbe most active, and probably tbe
oldest centenarian in America. He was born in
Virginia while "George tha third was king," and
held that state as one of his loyal provinces ; yet
says tha Lexington CaasHi be exhibits very
few signs of advanced years. Ha rides twenty to
thirty miles a day, anoaatiag bis borne front tbe
ground with the activity of a bay. He frequent
ly gets oa tha saddls by pottiag his left foot in
tha stirrup, and rapidly paariag the inner leg
aver the pommel to tha right aid of the animal.
Tbuisadiaeultfeatfortbenfust vigorous and
active horsemen. While traveling ia Botetonrt
two yean ago, ha laft tha stags and finished tbe
trip on foot, a dittanwa of tea or twelve miles.
Dr. Brown will sail for Europe next week, and
will be absent during the remainder of the year.
He ia tbe 'iff heir to as estate of some fifty
millions, and rratira tha Atlantis ia connection
with this matter.
A BooTOX mi moved iato a rural town and
opened np a "Pedal Pnitetartu,' aa tha sign
over tha door read. Tha gaad dtlxeas bald a
council of war, waited wpoa tha aaw earner, and
tsld bim if ha ptrstltud ia oaseiag a boose of
tbat character ha weald rsa rods aat of town on a
rait.' Than it turned oat that it was simply a
shoe shop that waa abont to ba started ,
A tkt wicked man ia Davenport baring re
cently been token ill, and believing ba was abont
to die, told a neighlior that be felt th,e need of
-'. - -L..a - J ..l J lllu .
preparation iox anniprr w, i wiw "-"
sea soma proper person ra nsaraw ia,
upon the teelisg friend aattoran,
;
i TERMS-$2.00
TBTB ws.Pl.
Far away baroad the South Pass, on the head
waters of the Wis Elver, lives John Bridgrr,
trapper of tho plains and moantaina for more
than forty years. It is admitted by all trappers
tbat bs is belter acquainted than auv living man
with the intricacies of all tbe hills "and streams
tbat lose themselves in the great basins. While
trannincon the tributaries of the Colorado, sn
Indian offered to guide Mr. Bridger and party to
a people living far up in the desert, with whom
ne enata barter. '
The proposition was accepted; and after pro
riding themselves with dried meat aud water,
they struck right out into tbe heart of the great
desert, where no white man has before or since
trodden, anil wbtcn the bardy mountaineers will
only venture to skirt. After fivs days' travel
the party arrived at three mountains, orbuttes.
rising tn grandear in that solitary waste. These
mountains were covered with a diversity of for
est and fruit trees, with streams of the purest
water rippling down their declivities. At their
base waa a numerous agricultural people, sur
rounded with waving fields of com and a profu
sion of vegetables. The ieople were dressed in
leather; they knew nothing of fire-arms, using
only the bow and arrow; and for mile after mile
circling those hnttes, were adobe bouses two and
three stories high. Mr. Bridger was not allowed
to enter any of their towns or bouses, and after
remaining three days, bartering scarlet cloth
and iron for their furs, he left them not, howev
er, before being given to understand that thoy
bad no communication beyond their desert home.
Tbat these are the people that once iuhabitnl
the bauka of the Gila and the Colorado, and left
those monuments of wonder, the "Casse Grand,"
which so deeply attracted the followers of Fre
mont and Doniphan, aud then vanished like a
dream, there can no longrr be a doubt.
Months after this conversation with Bridger, I
had another with Mr. Panin, the agent of the
American Fur Company. lie told me that anoth
er of tho party, Sir. Walker, the mountaineer,
after Whom oue of the mountain naaaea ia nanieil.
and who i known to be a man of truth, bad giv
en bim tbe same description of these isolated
people, and ia my mind there is not a shadow of
doubt of their existence.
According toCapt. Walker, through the cen
tre of the Great Bisin runs tbe Rio Colorado Chi
quito, or Little Betl River. It takes its riso in
the mountains that skirt the right bank of the
Bio Grande, flows almost due west, and empties
into tbe Colorado at a point on the same paral
lel of latitude with Walkers Pass. About oue
hundred miles north of tbis, and mnuing almost
parallel with it, ia the Biver San Juan. Each of
these streams is about two hundred and fifty
miles long. Between them stretches an immense
table land, broken occasionally by sierras of no
great length, which shoot np above tbo general
elevation; abont ball way between the two riv
ers, and midway iu the wilderness between tbe
Colorado and tbe Bio Grande, is the country of
the Moqnis. From the midst of the plain rises
abruptly on all sides a bntte of considerable ele
vation, tbe top of which is flat, aa if some great
power had sliced off tbe summit. Away up here
tne Jkloquis nave omit tnree large villages, wbere
tbey rest at night perfectly secure from the at
tack's 01 toe nerce tribes who live to the north
aud east of them. The sides of this table moun
tain are almost erpendicular cliffs, aud tbe top
can only be reached np a steep of steps, cut iu
the solid rock. Around its base is a plane of ara
ble land, which the Moquiscultivati with great
assiduity. Here tbey raise all kinds of grain,
melons, and vegetables. Tbey bave also a num
ber of orchards, filled with mauy kinds of finit
trees. Th peschrs ihe.v raiee Captain Walker
says, are particularly tine. They havo large
flocks of sheep and goats, but very few beasts of
burden and cattle. They are a harmless, inof
fensive race kind and hospitable to strangers,
and make tery little lesistauce when attacked.
Tbe warlike Navajoes, who dwell in tbe moun
tains to tlie northwest of them, are in the habit
of sweeping down iixn them every two or three
years, aud driving off their stock. At snch times
they gather up all that is movable from their
farms, and fly for refuge to their niountaiu
stronghold. Here their enemies darn not follow
them. When a stranger approaches, they appear
on the top of the nicks and bonses watching bis
movements. One of their villages at which
Capt. Walker staid for several days, is five or
six hundred yards long. The bouses are gener
ally built of stone aud mortar, some of them
adobe. They are very snug and comfortable, and
many of ihcm are two and even three stories
bigb. Tbe inhabitants are considerably advanc
ed in some of tbe arts, and manufacture excel
lent woolen clothing, blankets, leather, basket
work, and pottery. Unlike most of the Indian
tribes of this conntry, tbe women work within
doors, tho men performing all tbe farm aud out
door labor. As a rare, tbey are lighter in color
than tbe Digger Indians of California. Indeed,
tbe women are tolerably fair, in consequence of
not being so mneh exposed to the son. Among
tbem, Capt. Walker saw three perfectly white,
with white hair and light eyes. He saw two
others of the same kind at the Zuni villages, near
tbe Bio Grande. Tbey were no donbt Albinos,
and probably gave rise to tbe rumors which bave
prevailed to the existence of white Indiana in
the basin.
The Moqnis have probably assisted nature in
leveling the top of the mountain, as a site for
villages. Tbey have cut down tbe rocltsjninany
places, and bave excavated out of tbe solid rock
a number of large rooms, for manufacturing
woolen clotb. Their only arms are bows and ar
rows, although tbey never war with any other
tribe. .Tbe Navajoes carry off their stock with
out opposition. But unlike almost every other
tribe of Indians on the continent, tbey are scru
pulously honest. Captain Walker ssya the most
attractive and valuable articles may be left ex
posed, and they will not tonch tbem.
Many of tbe women are beautiful, with forms
of faultless symmetry. Tbey are very neat and
clean, and dress in quite a picturesque costume
of tbeir own manufacture. Tbey wear a dark
robe with a red border, gracefully draped so aa
to leave tbeir right arm and shoulder bare. They
have most beautiful bair, which they arrange
with great care. The condition of a female may
be known from her manner of dressing the hair.
The virgins part their bair in the middle behind,
and twist each parcel around a hoop six or eight
Inches in diameter. This is nicely smoothed and
oiled, and fastened to each aide of the head, some
thing like a large rosette. Tbe effect U very
striking. Tbe married women wear their bair
twisted iato a club behind.
Tha Moqnis farm ia tbe plain by day and, re
tire to tbeir villages on tbe mountain at night.
They irrigate tbeir lands by means of tbe small
streams mnning ont of tbe aides of tbe mount
ain. Sometimes when it fails to snow on tbe
mountains in winter, their crops are bad. For
tbis reason tbey always keep two or three years'
provisions laid np for fear of famine. Altogeth
er, they are a meat extraordinary people, far in
advance of any other aborigines yet discovered
on this continent. Tbey have never had any in
tercourse with the whites, and of course their
civilization originated with themselves. What
a field is here for the adventoroua traveller.
IjcTAtxtVc PaJUDiac There is a place a des
ert spot somewhere in California, abont one
hundred and twenty miles from 8au Diego, wbere
people do not die, according to the account of
ne wbo baa been there, aad wbere we advise all
who wish to live a century or two to go. A la
dy writes to tbe Grand Bapids (Mien.) EatXt,
from tbat desert of bliss, that catarrh is banished
in twenty-fsnr hours, that owing to the extreme
dryness of the atmosphere, a pail of water will
evaporate in one day, aad there are no dewa at
aigbt. Tbe desert is a barren waste, devoid of
even insect life, savs ia wet- spots. People, by
her aeeoaat, do not die, bat dry np, for she says,
"Ikaowa camp of Indians, abont tbirty-fiveia
anmbar, oaa family, six of whom are from 120 to
130 years old each. Tbsy have drank no liquor,
nor have they eaten bet or spiced food."
Twamaybaatrilo psrsonal, but it's the true
way tbsy pat things asmetimfs. A St. Looia ed
itor, in speaking of a brother ink slinger, says:
"Ha fa young yet, bat ba eaa ait at his desk and
brash tha cobwebs from tha ceiling with bis
The wife ofa Louisville lawyer made a bustle I
of tome important legal documents, and th looking man" the other day, after aa aoquatat
court had to adjourn nntil she wsnt homo sad, 'aoee of forty-eight hours. She Wmi 1 grass
rstaroed'wjth them in tbo proper shapes wwsfttsameIngthof BiajrVyJliilSy
KB ANNUXf, IX ADTANCE.
I WHOLE NUMBER, 829.
tbk urrr cbabi.b.-
In the kmely. asjef chamber.
Tasra's an sansar gadle bed.
w nn m pnni upon ue 1
a babr-a tinr hi
Tie a mlr and eatatv amOa
Dewsy soft the pillows watte;
Bnt wttStn the hleaketa folded,
lies so Hole fitra to-aixht.
One the mother aat beside it.
When the day waa growing dim.
And her pteaaant voles waa singing.
Soft sad low. n cradle Brain.
Vow there'e no more need of singing,.
Wans the evening ehadowe creep..
For Oe cradle bed U emptr.
And the baby gone to sleep.
Little head that Med to naatle
In the ptuowa white and soft:
Little hands whose restless toMTa
raoea taere Is drenmene east
Tulaesjenraeeed aliWhlaneet avaai
Byes we praiaed far pareet ray-
I.WH
lerneeth the ehnren.rard daLtiea:-
They have hid yon all away:
Aht the empty, nseteaa cradle!
We win pnt it ont of sight.
Lest ear hesrte shonld grieve too sorely
For the little one to-nlgM.
We win think how. aafe forever.
In the better fold above.
That voting lamb for which we eorraw,
Beeteth now in Jeans' love.
iai
THE aTATB'SPOtrKit EK-THE BAIL.
VTAVa..
Tbe power of the Mveral'Statr over the rail
ways of which they have authorized the eon
strnction, ia generally believed in. This power
is, in fact, complete and well-grounded, bnt tha
source from which it flows is not always clearly
understood. Most of the farmers' meetings, for
instance, which havo considered! this qnestion,
have declared that the railwavs'were snhject to
Government supervision and control, because
they obtained their charters from tbe Govern
ment. This hardly meets the ease. Other cor
porstious also obtained their charter frosa ther
Stste, though the State neither claims, nor care
to claim, any authority over their affairs. Of
such character are tbe manufacturing and trad
ing companies which exist in every part of the
Northern 8tatea. Of such character are also ma
ny of the water transportation lines chartered by
the State, bnt in nn wise requiring, or likely to
require. State interference.
The connection between the State and the
railroads is fur more intimate and peculiar than;
in tho case of any other corporations. It arises
out of the fact that tbe State authorizes tbe use
of eminent domain to secure a right of way for
the railways.' If it were not for this fact, no.
railways could be built. If tbe State did not
clothe tbe corporation with this supreme anthor
ity, it would be as impossible to lay a railroad;
from New Tork to Tonkers as it would, to- Iky
one to the moou. Tbe several companies who
have been allowed tbe benefit of eminent domain
are left to make tbeir own contracts for right
away where they can. bnt wheu there Is nnv nl-
jection or resistance, the nnlimate power of the
omm is luierpoaeu, ana mere u tneenaottue
matter. Why does tbe State thns assert its original
sovereignty in favor of the railways T Plainly
for the reason tbat they are exnected to nerforra
a great public service which cannot be provided
for in auy other way. Were they intended te.
serve a strictly private nse, no action would or
conld be taken by the State. None would be al
lowed by the theory of our State Governments
or by the Constitution of anyState in the Union.
None wonld bo claimed by tbe people, by whose
representatives the power is exerted. It in be
cause the railways offer an indispensable benefit,
absolutely dependent nn tho State's action for its
procurement, that the State acts. But if thr
State can exercise its most important power, the
one which is, by tradition and in reason, held
suspended nntil some occasion of supreme im
portance calls it forth for tho purpose of obtain
ing railway transportation for the people, then
itcaniiee any other ower nec-siry to secure
that end. If tiny private property-holder 011 the
line of the railway stands in the wav of Its con
struction, the State forcibly removes 'him, on the
grunnd tbat he prevents the consummation of
tbe public benefit which the Government is seek
ing. If the company itself obstruct the purpose
of the Government, tho Government has, in the
same way, an nnqnestioned right tn deal with It
at its discretion. It is absnnl to say that the
State bos the right to create a company for a
specific end, intrusting it with the very highest
powers of the State for that purpose, and must
?? 'I'e W ,lie conlPs,ny t defeat that end at
will. If a railway company, by extortionate,
charges, by unjust discriminations, bv corrupt
combinations, or by other pervisions of its privi
leges, inskes or tends to make transportation
costly where it should be cheap, aud difliciilt
wbere it should be convenient; the State bas, iu
the nature of the case, the right to interpose..
The railway companies are, iu point of fact, the
agents of the State for specific purposes, entitled
to be compensated for the performance-ofT tbeir
trnita by reasonable profits. Bnt as against the
State they bave no other or greater right.
The more closely their constitution ia consid
ered, the plainer it becomes. A railway depend,
absolutely for its existence on tbe control of its
road-bed. Bnt its control over this is limited.
It possesses merely a right of way. The State
bas taken it for a specific use. It has given tbe
right to employ it for that use tothe company,
but nothing more. That use failing, the right to
tbe road-bed lapses. And it is in the nature of
the case that the 8tate shall decide when tha
legitimate nse for which the road-bed was taken
is fulfilled, or when it is not fulfilled.
This view of tbe case, which we believe goes
to the essence of the matter, is strongly support
ed by a recent decision of the .Supremo Court or
the United States, in the case of Horatio J. Otcott.
Slaiatiff in error, rersns tbe County Board oC
upervisors of Fond dn Ijc Comity, Wiscnia&a,
The qnestion involved was, "Has a State tha
right to authorize taxation to aid in bnilding
railwavsf Tbe Court decided tbe question lit
tbe affirmative. It saidtbat it waa "as well set
tled in Wiacousin as elsewhere that the. construe,
tion of a railway waa a matter of pnblio concern,
and not tbe lea no because done by a private
corporation." Referring to tbe delegation of tbe
power of eminent domain, the Court says: "It is
admitted tbat the only principle on which such
delegation of power can be justified is, that tho
property taken by these companies is for tbn
public nse." The Court states the doctrine even
more broadly. It declares the origin of the rajl
waya makes tbem pnblie bighwavv "That rail
roads, though constructed by private corpora
tions and owned by tbem, are publia- highways,
baa been the doctrine of nearly alt tho courts
ever since such conveniences for passage ami
transportation bave bad any existeoeo." Nn
matter wbo is the sgsut, the function performed
is that of the State. Though tbe ownership is
private, tbe nae is public" Tbe Court even de
clares though this is only illustrative, and tho
question not being directly involved, is ctiler Ho-'
fast "tbat all persons may not pot their own
ears upon the road, and nae tbeir own motive
power, bas no bearing upon tha qnestion wheth
er the nsdis a public highway. It bears only
noon tie mode of mot, owkiek tkoLtgUtutmn is ex
Here, then, is the decision, of the Supreme
Coart of tbe United State that a railroad is cre
ated for a pnblie nse,and an expression of its
opinion that of tbe mode in which it shall sub
serve that nae tbe Legislature is the- exclusive
judge. Tbis position is not easy to overturn. In
the struggle to compel the railroad to .respect
the rights of the pnblie, it is of the utmost im
portance that the right of tha pnblie, through
the State, to com pel respect, is firmly establish-od.-r.
F. Tmto.
Tbk Position of mail clerk at tha Central De
livery window ia one to be coveted. It is oaa of
tha moat nntranunsled positions that aa indepen
dent freeman could aspire to. The average
attache will aft down deliberately in fall vfow
aad aat bis dinner while a dozao, at his enlighten
ed eoastitnaato silently ding to tha window.
board and look at him. when ba has gotten
through and wiped bis month, and taken a chew
of tobacco and arranged bis mustache, ifi will
auvsaee and bend his ear with all tha dignity of
a bead waiter at a second-euat hotel.
AtOOG woman onr West married a "fine.
rf
85 v
pi
pi
11
fi
m