Newspaper Page Text
DURING THI? MONARCH'S RBION SIAM HAS ADVANCED FURTHER IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES THAN IN ALL ITS PREVIOUS HISTORY. i - . Vxi v: 0 " f -jS- -vV-' , 1 r ... '..,v v-- t l Jrt . ; : 4' SIAM'S KING WILL SOON BE HERE. The Exotic Monarch Sends Word That He Desires to View Our Free and Lovely Land. After Song deliberation and a thor ough study of the ocean roads by which he may reach this country, the King of Siaru has announced his intention of visiting tho United States, if not "in the near future," at least within six months or before another cold winter shall hare settled down. The King be ing an exotic monarch, would find zero unendurable and this fact would keep him from seeing some of the most in teresting portions of the United States, were he to make the trip in winter. Often has the King travelled out of the little oblong country into other lands, end several times has he been a guest of England. Between him and the Eng lish Queen there is a strong bond of sympathy, and it is well known that he respects " her with a feeling, which in the Orient is called love. It is now twenty-seven years since the Iviug.who is named Chulalongkorn as a shorter and more distinguished one than tlie others which he bears, was placed up on the throne of Siam. Though only twenty at the time, he had a wife and immediately added other wives, increas ing as he saw pleasant. No one in all Siam was sufQciently royal for this boy king, s-o his haif-sister was selected for him, and he wedded her, and, as the Siamese story tellers will relate, lived happily ever after with her. Certainly not even the oldest inhabitant of Bangkok ever heard a row in the picturesque palace, though there are now five hundred wives living there; and though the King spend almost all his time in company with them and his children, for he is a very domestic man and loves the joys of the home. At the time of his coronation Siam was an obscure country, known more in jest than in reality. Its inhabitants were supposed to be eccentric members of the human family, uncivilized aud next to barbaric; and it is doubtful if the 7 1 f 1 '7 THE KING OF SIAM, FROM AN ENGLISH PHOTOGRAPH. dicial branches of the Government, light ened taxation, partially abolished slave ry, opened new canals and roads, estab lished an admirable postal service, built telegraphs, lighthouses and a railroad, surveyed and improved all navigable waters, founded a Cue system of public schools, built hospftals, asylums, temples and art museums, introduced innumer able useful inventions, and set to his people personally, an admirable example of virtuous, temperate, industrious, up right and exalted manhood. LIKES THE ENGLISH. In doing this he found it necessary to take journeys into the world and, so, England and the continent were shown him. He journeyed everywhere, saw ev erything, and studied all he saw. His sous, too, grew to benefit by this pater nal progress. One went to the English Naval Academy; another to Eton; both were bright; and soon they became more English than Siamese. On their trips home they took modern furniture and the drawing-room at Bangkok soon came to resemble the grand salon at Windsor. Even the bric-a-brac was modernized, and in place of the hideous little idols and sriuattv iars there were choice pieces of statuary and the busts of celebrities These trips have been described with much spirit by visitors to Bangkok, who declare thnt the Siamese sons are every whit as English as the sons of the Eng lish Queen. The King himself did not enjoy all these advantages of education, but has made up for it since, and is, as far as Orientals go, extremely civilized. He dresses in the European fashion, his clothes being made by the best London tailors; his palace is lighted by electricity and connected by telephone with the various departments of State. lie plays billiards awl keeps an excellent table and a French chef. He reads Shakes peare, and is well posted on the current Viceroy of the northern provinces of Siam, with a court at Phitsanulok, and in May, 17S2, was proclaimed King of Siam, under the style of Pbxa Budhyot Fa Chr.latoke. He died in 1S09, and was succeeded by his son, Fhra Budh Lord Luh Nob haluy. The latter died in July, 1824, and was succeeded by his son, Phra Nangklau Chau Yu Aeca. "His reign," says the royal historian in quaint "pidgin" English, "continued 2G years; his demise took place on April 2, 1S51; then my succession of him concluded, and I was crowned on May 15th of that year." In this case brother succeeded brother, rhra Maha Mongkut died in 1873, and was succeeded by his son, the present King, who is commonly known as Chn lalongkorn, and who formally signs his name Phra Bat Somdetch Phra Para Paraminda Maha Chulalongkorn Maha Mongkout Chou Yu Hua, but whose full name, style and title may be found in thP?rttutios verbiage previouslv given. -this amiable and accomplished mon arch, then, the fifth of his dynasty and great-grandson of its founder, was born on September 21. 1853. On the death of his father he was chosen by the Great Council on October 1, 1S0S, to be King. His trip to this country will probably embrace a tour from the Pacific to the Atlantic, taking in all the principal cities. He will be an honored guest, and the people will do him that tribute of honf- age wmcu Americana readily 6ay to royalty. A ri VV'- .i ' , '' r..-5-,Vi AC'- 9. This is the time when the eyes of the world are turned toward Paris. For many people the present summer means ttie opportunity for their first view of life on the Continent and they are look ing forward to their experience with the most delightful anticipations. There is a certain glamour about Paris, that is possessed by no other city in the world. Even the confirmed globe-trotter and the habitual tourist are neverentirely oblivious to the sentimental influence that the city exerts, while to the novice in touring, the first visit to the French capital, the first sight of French life and the French people are fraught with intoxicating an ticipations. While it is true that many of these Anticipations will probably be realized by those who visit Paris in the proper way and with the proper spirit, there are certain hints that may be given that may aid the novice in the labor of avoid ing pitfalls, or assist him to take full ad vantage of the countless opportunities for sightseeing that this visit will pre sent to him. Of course the first sight to be seen is the Exposition; but, so far as that is concerned every man may be his own guide. In the Exposition grounds each man can peek out the features that particularly interest him. If it is art. there are the galleries. If it is machinery, automo biles, flying machines, or flowers he will have ample opportunity to satisfy his appetite for information and instinct ion. To attempt to lay down rules for the visitor to the fair grounds, therefore, wouici ne worse man xenseless. It is after he has seen these sights of the Ex pc. uem that wise suggestions will come in handy. For instance, the best preparations for such a journey is a moderate course of reading. This does not imply that one iKods to take n prolonged course in technical French history, but just enough of the outlines to give a genuine con ception of the growth and progress of tic city since thnt time when it was a fortified enmp and a tiny Seine island. Then one should give more than a glance at he history of France during the reign of the later Bourbons and the Napol eons. To read history is a very simple matter gTO PREPARE FOR A PARIS TOUR. Several Hint for Those Wlio Expect to Visit the Great Expositioa This Summer. and is, at the same time one of the most enjoyable pursuits in the world. If it is faithfully done moreover the Louvre, the Tuileries, the Petit-Trianon, aud all the other places whose names are re cited so glibly by the guide books, will mean something that they never cau m.an if the sightseer depends upon the gu;de books for his information. If he approaches them with the story of their life in mind, the whole thing becomes very real to him. He hears the echo of the timbrels in the Palace de la Bastile and the guillotine casts a very real shadow in the Palace de la Itepub lique. By closing his eyes he may im agine that the old days have returned, I the days when great passions were let i lcose in these streets. Great kings and t queens look down from the windows and j t! n slink away beneath the stern un- relenting gaze of great patriots, great leaders who carried the people to the riots of death. To the ordinary observer there may be nothing but plain stone walls in sight, but if one knows the stories of the great tragedies that have reddened these stones with blood, the '"plain stone walls" as sume an infinite charm, an intoxicating interest prevades everything. Such sights are not for the gaze of the ordinary traveller to whom every great city means nothing more than a bus, a lot of building and a Baediker, b it the American who is to visit Paris for the first time this summer w.ll make tlie mistake of his life if he follows in the foitstep-i of this same ordinary trav eller. It is just as easy to see well as to see little. . A little knowledge will make the visit to the Freneh capita! many-fold more beneficial than if the visitor went unpre pared for the sights that he will have an opportunity to witness, and the best guide book ever written, is a poor substitute for the personal knowledge that enables one to connect impressions with facts. BEWARE OF SCHEMES. It may be possible that this advice is unnecessary but, if so. there is onj point that the tourist should bear in mind and th:s hint may be expressed in the words: "Don't come to Paris unless you have plenty of money." THE HOUSE IN WHICH THE KING OF SIAM LIVES WITH HIS MANY WIVES. ... V. WW Vv a-, . til m - 7 great majority of Englishmen and Amer icans ever heard of Siam at all, unless through the immortal Siamese twins. These youngsters of Siam, joined by a ligament, were the curious connecting link between Siam and the world. As soon as The young King became firmly seated upon the silver and tur quoise throne which is Siam's greatest possession, he begun the making of new laws. These were along the lines of progress and reform such as existed, he had read, in other countries, where the work of man was done by powers of mechanism. The labor saving principle was in his head, and he carried it out. Immediately after his coronation Chu lalongkorn began a work of reform and progress which has now reached results of magnificent proportions. He began by adopting, save on special occasions, European dress. He abolished the old form of salutation, by touching the fore head to the ground, aud bade his visitors walk up to him and shake hands like men. He proclaimed religious liberty throughout his realm, and decreed the protection of Christians in their ob sei vauce of the Sabbath. j European and American literature of the ' day. - The King's full name and titles are as follows: Somdetch Phra Paraminda Maha Chulalongkorn Patindir Debia Maha Mongkut Purusiaratue Raja Ra Wongse Warut Mabrongse Parabnt Wa rakliattiara Raja Nikaro Tama Chatu rauta Parama Maha Chak Rubar Tira Gasangkns I'arumahdarm Mika Maha Rnjad Hiraja Para - Manarth Pabite Phra Chuia Chomklau Chau Yu Hua. The Kingdom of Siam has in its long history had several changes of dynasty. But just as all the Roman Emperors were Caesars and the old Egyptian mouarchs Pharaohs, so ail Siamese kings have borne the half-name half-title of Phra, which indeed is probably closely akin to Pharaoh. The present dynasty according to the late Phra Chomklau Chau Yu Hua, or Somdetch Phra Maha Mongkut, father and predecessor of the present King, was founded by a family living formerly in the city of Hanswatty, in Pegu. Mem bers of this family became great Min isters of State, and one of them led the first Siamese Embassy to France, in tho 1 He reformed the executive and ju- middle of the last century, was made i4 r- V 1T 3 t I , T r. HOW A CAMPAIGN JSMANAGED. The Immense Amount of Detail Pre liminarj to the Great Presi dential Elections. The ordinary citizen who has little knowledge of political affairs has only the vaguest kind of an idea as to the detail in the machinery of the manage ment of a Presidential campaign. For some reason it has come to be supposed that a Presidential election is a sponta neous outburst of favor on the part of the people, and it is not improbable that this description might have been applied to elections half a century or sd ago. Of late years there has been a grett chauge in things political until tn-ii.u when the machinery that must be put m motion before a campaign can be car ried out is as complicated and as exact in -every detail as if the; work ta be done was that of a great railroad system. It was not mauy years ago when money was not as necessary in the con duct of a campaign as it is to-day. . A certain amount of money was, of course requisite, but beyond that nothing was needed, and the chairman of committees even twenty-five years ago would not have known how to get rid of the im mense amounts of money that are now expended in the carrying out of a Presi dential campaign. In 1SIJ4, when there was grave doubt as to the re-election of Lincoln, consider able money was subscribed, so much that politicians everywhere regarded the fund with amazement, and yet the sum that was at the disposal of Henry J. Ray mond, the committee chairman, at this time would seem ridiculously small to campaign managers to-day. Prior to the Lincoln campaign money had received comparatively little atten tion, but since that time it has entered more and more into politics. When the first step was taken the way was opened for scores of innovations and improve ments in the political machinery that little by little have brought it to its present state of comparative perfection, aud some idea of the extent of this im provement may be gathered from the fact that whereas it was possible . to carry on the Grant campaign by the ex penditure of less than $200,000. it is safe to say that the campaign ot 1890 cost the Republican party and the Demo crats not less than $4,000,000, all told, all of which was devoted to legitimate expenses. A COSTLY ITEM. For instance, one of the most costly items in the McKinley-Bryan campaign was the "literary bureau." When this innovation was proposed by Samuel J. Tilden in ISTti older politicians had noth ing but ridicule for a scheme that they regarded as extremely Quixotic. The campaign of 1876, however, established the fact that Mr. Tilden had been right in his conclusion that there could be no more powerful aid than the "literary GENERAL WILLIAM BOOTH, THE VENERABLE HEAD OF THE SAL VATION ARMY. . m-h-x-iv .;..-I--:;;.;.;...IlH,..I.;,: .n-t-i-i-;-f "DARKEST ENGLAND" TEH YEARS AFTER.! t " ? By Gen. "William T. Booth, founder of tte Ealyation Army. : J t ';H"!III;-H-I"IIIIII-H-l : ;-! i -m -v-i : 1 1 !-!: j: The "Darkest England" scheme has proved the genuineness of the principles on which we affirmed at the outset that work for the outcast poor should be car ried on. I am not sure that this is not, after all, the most valuable result of the experiment. What are these principles? Character must be changed in order to assure a change of conduct. It is folly to expect that any alteration in the en vironment of the individual will affect any abiding improvement in his moral condition. It is the man you want to alter. Every man must work out his own salvation, or it will not be worked out at all. The drunkard, the loafer, the un fortunate must be a co-worker in effect ing the deliverance desired. .- Industry Is necessary to . reformation. Where there has been the ability we have acted on .the apostolic injunction,, "If a man will not work neither shall he eat." "Nothing for Bathing" is the rule, vigor ously carried out through every branch of our operations. Then, also. without discipline .Httle can be done with these classes. To take hold ef meii: and women who hav? from their childhood been Ishmaelites, wb,ose , very ruin has come because they weald not be subject to any decent rules of living or working, aud make them not only willing but cheerfully obedient to orders and regulations, has been one of our most difficult tasks. Hope must be restored. "I wish I was dead" comes with dismal frequency te the hearts and lips in those moments of reflection that intrude themselves, un asked, in the intervals of their dreary lives. But what I prize most highly of th "Darkest England" scheme is'the actual benefit it has bestowed in the way of rescue. To mitigate the sufferings and improve the -general tone of the sick man is good, but to cure his disease and send him home "every whit made whole" must be more desirable still. That is. of course, the highest aim of the "Darkest England" scheme. Our dealing with the submerged has been directed to the end of making him willing and able to relieve himself, and so render future relief un necessary. Indeed, some of our plans of alleviation are, so to speak, only a kind of ruse to catch the unweary sufferer, affording us the opportunity to open his eyes to see better things, to draw out his desire after them, aud so familiariza him with some one f our methods of es cape that he shall embrace it and find de liverance. That jover 2,000 men anl women in England alone have already consecrated themselves to this humans and Christlike business, actuated by that tender pity and burning enthusiasm which keeps them going amid all discour agement, is shown by the work they now engage in, while many are the sons and daughters of good families, born and brei in ease, if not in luxury, who have ex changed the pleasant surroundings of abundance for the service of the lowest, and for association with the vilest of the vile. All alike live the life of the Cruci fied Son of Man for the sake of the un washed, unblessed, unloved for whom Ha diad. -?.- . I i i -i- -J-j-f- burean," and since that time it has be come one of the most important features in political work, the bill of the Repub lican party for printing alone in 1S96 being, it is said, more than o00,000. As the organizations that managed the campaigns of 1S!M5 were the most perfect that had yet been effected, it is but natural that one should refer to its work when outlining the labors that must be accomplished by the organization of 1900. Prior to 18lG it had been the custom for political parties to locate their head quarters in New York. In that year, however, this custom was changed, and both parties decided upon Chicago as the head centre from which the great po litical wires could best be laid. It was a unique innovation, but it turned out so satisfactorily that the same location will probably be selected this year. From these headquarters will ex tend wires, the influence of which will be felt in every hamlet in the United States. It is difficult for the uninitiated to fully appreciate the immense amount of work that must be accomplished by the nation al committee within an extremely short time. LTpon the adjournment of the convention practically nothing has been done, but within a few days at the most tho wonderful machine must be set in motion. . It is the effort of the committee to set the citizens of the country thinking along given lines and to accomplish this there are many things that must be done. The country must be flooded with litera ture, not cheap, poorly printed dodgers, but books and pamphlets written by the 1 i j80 It Umm -ftp Til .rra : ! Fis. vs B:aa s.r- rr - ruK: J - W - ' I. ' - , .mam,, an wmi i" jH.m.i . l j iii ' r i I. ' f '""I ft h i I t : 1 KjTETirVV n i -eAlACE. OF C0NGRE55E5 OWING TO THE LATENESS OF THE SPRING THIS YEAR THESE BUILDINGS HAVE JUST BEEN COMPLETED Photoo rWry C. 11 ia; -SOUTH BANK, SHOWING, EIFFEL TO WER AN D CELESTIAL, GLObE. THE PHOTOGRAPHS WERE TAKEN BY A SPECIAL AKTIST THE DAY THE GROUNDS WERP CLEARED, THE SCAFFOLDINGS REMOVED AND THE BUILDINGS OPENED TO THE PUBLIC, brainiest men in the country, specialists of the highest ability who have devoted the best years of their lives to the study of political subjects. FOR ALL TO BEAD. Then- there are vast numbers of speeches to be printed and circulated speeches that have been given in Con gress and that will set forth the position of the -party upon National issues. All of these are gathered together, reprinted if necessary, and sent from one end of the country to the other as campaign arguments to the minds of the voters.- In addition to this the National com mittee is called upon to arrange for all the great demonstrations that are to do so much to arouse the voters to the proper spirit of enthusiasm.' In this con nection the political speaker is called into service, and, during a campaign year, the political orator is one of tha most important men in the country. While literature plays its part in cam paign work and an important part at that its service is not to be compared to that of the orator. To fill this portion of the program, therefore, it is necessary for the party leaders to obtain the serv ices oi all the- most eloquent men in tha country. To secure this service large snms of money are paid to each orator, and when one remembers that there were not less than 1,200 speakers in the service of the Republican committee alone during the campaign of 1896, it is not difficult to believe that this one department now costs more than was ordinarily expended upon the entire political campaign. Another department that is of the ut most importance is the bureau of infor mation, which, to a certain extent, is at tached to the literary bureau. It is the object of this department to furnish the information that will enable partisans everywhere to reply to the arguments of their opponents.'. If a public speaker or a private indi vidual desires particulars in regard to any charge of the opposition or wishes to know how best to answer a campaign argument, he has only to wire this de partment, and the answer is telegraphed back immediately. " . In connection with these bureaus Is another department whose province it is to furnish newspapers with political ma terial. From this branch of the work there goes out column after eolumn of editorial matter and page after page of prepared reading, all of which has been put together by newspaper men and writers of the greatest ability. Besides this there are departments for the prepa ration of documents to be circulated among the naturalized foreigners, papers and booklets in German, French, Italian, Polish, Hebrew and every other language that might possibly appeal to the foreign population. In addition there are departments for almost every conceivable purpose, from a bureau devoted to work among women exclusively to one in charge of the trans portation of speakers and the arrange ment of torch-light parades, for, when a President and Vice-President are to be elected, nothing must be overlooked that would possibly tend to arouse the voters to the proper state of enthusiasm. 3 .'H 4.