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This Paper Printed by Union Labor Queen Elizabeth and History It is with sentiments of sympathy and of admir ation that the world looks to the new Queen of Eng land. Sympathy upon the sudden and unexpected death of her much respected father, and admiration for her own good character as queen and woman. It is rather disturbing, however, to note that no less a person than Winston Churchill makes refer ence to the new queen as destined to be “the second good Queen Bess Now it is about time that the myth about the first Queen Elizabeth be dropped. She was not the good queen. Nor is she to be cred ited with anything startling or worthwhile. What of importance was done as the result of her will or intelligence? Is there anything in Europe or Eng land of which we can now say, “This was done by Queen Elizabeth?” It must be remembered that it was during her reign that the Catholic Faith, then held by the great majority of her subjects in England, was literally uprooted and destroyed under the direction of Will iam Cecil and his cohorts. The story of that persecu tion has its counterpart today in the crushing of the Church by the Communists in many nations. Cecil stamped out the Mass, and, like the Communists of 1952, gathered the younger generation of a re luctant people under the new banner of thought to ward religion. The result was to be expected. Oh, yes, the predecessor of the first Queen Elizabeth, was smeared by these same historians as “Bloody Mary”. Her short reign is still referred to as the “Marian Reaction.” One cannot help but won der whether or not the Reds of our day studied the history of Elizabeth’s time to come up with their constant attacks upon all opponents as “reactionar ies.” The new Queen Elizabeth will truly be ‘good Queen Bess” if she succeeds in leading her country back to its religious glory and consequent peace of another era. She will hardly do it as the head of two Churches. Americanism Week The span of days terminated by the birthdays of those two great Americans, Abraham Lincoln’s on Feb. 12 and George Washington’s on Feb. 22, has been designated Americanism Week. This is a healthy "week" in more ways than one. During this time all Americans have been asked to direct their attention to the fundamentals upon which our greatness as a nation has been built, upon the bases of our democratic way of life and upon the history which made possible and the contin uing safeguards that are necessary to preserve the sacred rights of the individual to whose protec tion so many of our fellow Americans have dedi cated their lives. There is an unlimited supply of food for thought during these ten days. Liberty, the individual, free enterprise, religious freedom and democracy. Speeches will be made exhorting Americans to think about these blessings of ours and to cherish them. Much will be said concerning our Founding Fath ers and their principles which made ihia nation. We’ll be asked to harken to their words, to meas ure our times against theirs, to correct our sights and bearings, and to rededicate ourselves to walk in their footsteps to ensure the continuance of these blessings which mean so much to us. These speeches and exhortations are good things One manr however, who has a message for us all, will not be able to speak over the radio and televi sion networks next week We would like to bring you now a part of his speech: “Our progress in degeneracy appears to me to be pretty rapid As a nation we began hy declaring that ‘all men are created equal.’ We now practically read it all men are created equal except Negroes.’ When the Know-Nothings get control, it will read ‘all men are created equal, except negroes and foreigners and Catholics.’ “When it comes to this, I shall prefer emigrating to some country where they make no pretense of loving liberty -to Russia, for instance, where des potism can be taken pure, without the base alloy of hypocracy.” These are certainly words for our times. Their author will he making no personal appearances next week though, because he's been dead for 87 years He was Abraham Lincoln. When thinking of our American way of life, and the attacks which it is now underdoing, it might he well to recall some other words of A. Lincoln that great American patriot who said: "If destruction be our lot, we must ourselves be its author and finisher As a nation of freemen we must live through all times or die by sui cide.” The Basis for Brotherhood Probably there is nothing which brings men to gether quicker than common suffering. This was evident time after time during the last war People of high degree and lo« found themselves enjoying one another’s company in bomb shelters all around the war-torn world Wherever disaster afflicts the human family there can be found the evidt nee that the membeis of that family are brothers under their Heavenly Father. The shame for all of us in this consideration is that too many of us have to he brought together by suffering. Until then we stand on our pride, pro claim our rights and demand attention if not service from our brothers This same pattern is being fol lowed by nations in their deliberations for the com mon effort against the common evil. Brotherhood Week might well be an occasion for all to rededicate themselves to then Christian duty of charity. This above all is the time for unity against a threatening evil Repeatedly the Holy Father has asked that all religious peoples join in the battle against Red brutality and war His has been an inspiring leadership in this regard. But here again there are those who would continue to re member their own personal prides and prejudices as of greater significance than the need to save mil lions from the enslavement of an atheistic power Almighty God made no exceptions when He told us to love our neighbor And His Divine Son even went so far as to forgive a sinner during His own death struggle which was caused by sin When thought is given to it. it seems something of a puzzle that there ia need for Brotherhood Week among Christians. How could this be? Are Christians not followers of Christ Whose great commandment was one of love? And for that matter, how can anyone who professes to believe in God feel that he serves that God by failing in charity to one of His other children? Brotherhood Week just won’t make sense unless it helps men to acknowledge their Heavenly Father, and their resulting obligation, under Him, to love one another as brothers. There can be no other lasting motive for brotherly love except we be members of one family, with God as our Father. Brotherhood will be just as universal as is the acknowledgement of and belief in God. He is the source of love. Unless men turn back to God there will be no basis for brotherly love, and no lasting success for Brotherhood Week. o Temptations: A Good Thing? In the rather lengthy portion of the letter to the Corinthians that is read to us this Sunday, St. Paul, in passing, answers a question that is often asked today. Many people wonder just why God per mits them to be tempted along a certain line. People are frequently heard to say, “If only I didn’t have to worry about this particular sin, I’d be alright. I can cope pretty well with all the rest, but this one special temptation just seems to dog me to death. I can’t understand it—I’ve prayed so often for God to remove it from me.” And so on. St. Paul tells us that he was bothered with just such a temptation, and that he had asked God on three separate occasions to remove it from him. And each time he received the same answer: No, God would not remove it. “My grace is sufficient for thee, for strength is made perfect in weak ness.” The Holy Ghost let St. Paul know that there was a good reason for not removing this “thorn in his side” as he called it. It was there to keep St. Paul humble, to let him remember just how weak he was, lest having nothing to worry about in the spiritual life he became proud and lose his soul. How did St. Paul take this gentle rebuff? Did it sadden him, make him want to give up, or fearful of the future? Not at all—it made him happy, for he says, “Gladly therefore, will glory in my infirmi ties, that the strength of Christ may be made man ifest in me.” Just Among Ourselves Passing Commant Considered or Inconsiderate Last Sunday’s observance as Biblical Sunday ought to endure in its good effects among the chil dren of the Church. We all need an occasional re minder of the great value of the treasures that come to us with the Faith. Familiarity does not nec essarily breed contempt, but it does tend to breed forgetfulness living with wonderful things may lull the spirit of gratitude and appreciation with which they should be employed. The written Word of God is a treasure of inestimable value which the Church places in our hands. With a mother’s care, the Church sees that we are regularly reminded of its character and stirred to its use. *devoted Among the many silly lies that are told of Cath olics, none is more absurd than the familiar state ment that “Catholics are not allowed to read the Bi hie.” The truth that anyone may prove to his com pletes! satisfaction, throughout the whole history of the Church, is that Catholics are urged to read the Bible. What is forbidden to them is the reading of faulty and truncated versions of the Bible. If ^Boards of Education were to prohibit the use to American children of a history of the United States prepared by Hitler or Stalin, would sane people say, “American Children are not allowed to read the history of the United States?” Hardly. There are versions of the Bible in which the text is mishandled and notes of faulty interpretation pre sented. Naturally, The Church will not have her chil dren touch such versions. One does not draw the water of life from polluted wells. Nor is this an un acknowledged charge. The men who made a revision of the first “authorized” King James Bible found no fewer than 30,000 errors. One of the revisers remark ed, “It is vain for us to console ourselves with the thought that all these errors were unintentional.” It is the Church that gives us the Bible. Our Ixird gave to the Church the task and the authority to feed with truth the flock of His beloved souls. His own voice and command were given to the Church with the words, “He that heareth you, hear eth Me.” And, indeed, it is the Church alone which judges which of a multitude of books claiming to be God’s word are really what they purport to be. Were it not for the authority and the decision of the Church, no one would know the Bible is. ♦what When mistaken zealots rail against the Catholic Church and hold up the Bible as though it were something alien and hostile to the Church, we should ask them where the Bible comes from. We should urge these people to investigate their own re sources and to discover where they got the Bible. For It is a demonstrable fact that, no matter how they have treated and changed it since, they got the Bible from the Catholic Church. The Church recognizes the Word of God and receives and reverences it she uses it constantly in all her prayers and ceremonies she reads it pub licly to the faithful on Sundays and holy days her priests build around it their sermons and exhorta tions her scholars draw upon it as first source and proof in their systematic statements of Catholic doc trine. People who think that Catholics are not per mitted to use the Bihle ought to attend some Cath olic ceremonies or devotions or listen to a course of instruction in Catholic teaching. They would ex perience the shock of a non-Catholic woman who picked up a Catholic prayer-book to glance curiously through its pages after half an hour of increasingly interesting investigation she cried in amazement, "Why, it’s just full of texts from the Bible!” The mistaken people who rebelled against the Church about 400 years ago came gradually to the belief that the Bible alone is the whole Word of God. "The Bible, and the Bible alone, is the religion of Protestants.” Yet this doctrine is not contained in the Bihle! Nowhere does the Bible say that it is the full and only Word of God. Therefore the doc trine that the Bible is all-sufficient is without war rant this doctrine stands self-convicted. The Bible is one of the two sources or fountains of God’s revelation. The other has been called Sac red Tradition.—a word much misinterpreted, and sometimes wilfully by enemies of the Catholic Church. For Sacred Tradition is no pious folk lore. It is the living history of the Church, discernible with certainty (and not in vague changing accounts grown gradually legendary) in documents and monuments other than the Bible. The Bible is divinely inspired writing the documents of Tradition are thoroughly reliable and authentic records, but are not divinely inspired. It is an utter falsification of fact to consider Tradition as a kind of body of musty legends and customs in the Church. It is the exact opposite of this. Thus there are two fountains of revelation, the Bible (or Sacred Scripture) and Sacred Tradition. But the rule of faith for Catholics is the living voice and authority of the Church—her divinely given magisterium of teaching office—conferred by her founder when He said, "Go, teach all nations WASHINGTON LETTER Men and women who admit having been members of the Communist Party have come for ward to talk about their experi ences. Agents of the FBI, in in creasing numbers, report what they learned in undercover work in the midst of the Reds. More and more people escape from eastern Europe to tell what life is like behind the Iron Curtain. In a number of cases such wit LOVIS F. BVDENZ Divergent Two German authors both of approx imately the same age, both refugees from Naziism, both American citi zens at the present time— have recently published books on the subject of capitalism. The two books, unlike their authors, have very little if anything in com mon. The first, “Capitalism in Amer ica: A Classless Society,” by Frederick Martin btem, argues in effect that capitalism Amer ican style is the necessary frame work for a classless society, meaning social progress with equal opportunity, freedom and dignity for all. The second, “Cap italism and Socialism on Trial,” by Fritz Sternberg, argues that capitalism, even in the United States, “will hardly survive the twentieth century” because of what he regards as its inherent inability, in the absence of im perialism, to provide an ade quate market for the products of industry or, to put it in other words, its inability to guarantee continuous employment with a progressive standard of living. Nalther Without Faults Both books are deserving of careful study for different rea sons and by different groups of people. The former is required reading for those Europeans —their name is legion—who mis understand capitalism and un derestimate its virtues the lat ter, for those Americans—their name is also legion—who tend to blink at the weaknesses of American capitalism and over estimate its virtues. The one it an over-sized pamphlet written by an intelligent non academic capitalist (Mr. Stern) for the edu cation of socialists the other is a veritable tome complete with statistical charts and graphs, written by an intelligent academ- Finger In The Pie ‘.’fTW r'* The Battle: Godly vs The great, overtowering strug gle going on in the world today is basically a contest between believers in God and the forces of anti-God. This may come as a surprise to some people, but it is a hard rock fact that comes out of the testimony of witnesses who in re cent months have testified here before Congressional inquiries. Never before has the Free World had available so much authentic information regarding the real character of communism. AU of it, sooner or later, points to the fact that Marxism is Godless and bent on the destruction of all re ligion. Irreligion is not the only mark of communism. It is the most important mark, however. Com munism could not be Marxism if it were not atheistic. Some of the former communists date their break with “the party” from the time they could no longer deny the existence of their souls, or the fact that there had to be a Supreme Being, a Creator for the universe. Views Of ic socialist (Mr. Sternberg) for the education of capitalists. Nei ther is without its faults, but both are worthy of serious at tention. Mr. Stern’s little book is a ser ies of letters written to an old friend in France, who can stand as a symbol of all those Euro peans who are cynical about the United States not so much be cause of Communist propaganda, but rather because of their own lack of accurate information about things American in gen eral and about the American economic system in particular. Stern tries to demonstrate to his friend the differences between American and European capital ism. Special emphasis is put on the fact that American capital ism—for all of its faults, many of which, he says, have been or are being corrected and all of its “materialism” has come closer to producing a classless society, based on the principles of equal opportunity and freedom for all, than any other economic system in the history of the world. Deficits and Assets This is not the usual oversim plified three-cheers-for-free-en terprise, God-bless-America prop aganda of organizations like the Committee for Constitutional Government. Quite the contrary. Mr. Stern is too intelligent and too sophisticated for that. He is a progressive, fully conscious of the deficits as well as the assets of American capitalism. Never does he seem to be lecturing or talking down to his friends in Europe. He understands their history and traditions and is very sympathetic to their point of view. In a few places he tends to overestimate the social prog ress made in the United States, and some might consider him a little too optimistic about our abil ity to cope with what he calls the problem of “depressions and security.” In general, however, he has done a creditable job of explaining American capitalism. Would that more of the “free enterprise" propaganda of Amer- THE CATHOLIC TIMES, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1952________________________________________________ ________ y tz nesses have been asked how a man of intelligence, and some times of high position, could be led to embrace communism. The essence of their answers is that communism is a sort of dedica tion (in this case dedication to drastically and quickly changing the world), and men and women embrace it as a sort of religion —a materialistic religion. Marx ism denies the existence, or the need for, God, and so its adher ents are religiously dedicated to rooting God out of the hearts and minds of men. It is a part of their mission to change the world. ..wf 3^11 Godless If this is the true nature of today’s great struggle—the most titanic in the history of the world—how is the Free World to conduct its campaign? It must take whatever precautionary measures it can, but former com munists warn that name-calling and even some kinds of laws are of no avail against zealots reli giously dedicated to an irreli gious cause. It would certainly seem pru dent to become less and less like this mortal enemy. That is, we should become less agnostic, less atheistic, less irreligious. It cer tainly looks like we are not try ing to win if we become like the enemy—anti-God. Perhaps that is the best explanation of how men who have not known God, or who have forsaken Him, can complacently play the communist game, while denying to be mem bers of the Communist Party. If they can see nothing wrong in opposing God, they are un able to see anything wrong in the wiles of communism. Capitalism ican organizations—including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Man ufacturers, by no means the worst offenders—were as frank, as well balanced, and as sympa thetic to the European point of view. Mr. Sternberg is an academic socialist but he is not doctrin aire, at least not offensively so. He tries to stick to facts, as he sees them, and does not hesitate to part company with Karl Marx and the other socialist “fathers” whenever he thinks they are wrong. He has written an elabor ate economic history of the mod ern world, country by country, all to prove his thesis that capit alism, even in the United States where it has succeeded more fab ulously than anywhere else, is incapable of sustaining an ade quate demand for the products of industry: therefore, it is bound to fall of its own weight, probably before the end of the present century. Another Answer Possible Whether or not we agree or disagree with Mr. Sternberg— and the present writer does not agree with him—serious consid eration should be given to his indictment of American capital ism. If. as and when we return to a peace-time economy and dis continue spending billions for de fense, we will have a difficult time maintaining an adequate market and avoiding unemploy ment. There is no question about that. It can be done, however— Mr. Sternberg and other social ists to the contrary notwithstand ing—but only if we are willing to face up to the problem honestly and to work out a solution co operatively with all eyes center ed on the cortimon good. Mr. Sternberg believes that democratic socialism is the only answer the majority of Ameri cans, thank God, disagree with that conclusion. It is not enough, however, to voice our disagree ment in words alone. Intelli gent and courageous action, de signed to correct the weaknesses of capitalism, is also required. INQUIRY CORNER Is The Catholic Church Intolerant? Q. What is holy water and why is it used upon entering a church? A. In the Old Testament (Num-) bers viii.7) God commanded Mos es to take the Levites out of the midst of the children of Israel and purify them, “According to this rite: Let them be sprinkled with the water of purification,” and in St. John’s Gospel (v.2-4) we see God curing infirmities through the waters of Bethsaida, and (ix.7) Christ curing the blind man through the use of the pool of Siloe. Among the sacramen tals, therefore, holy water has a high place, radiating the power which Christ gives to it through the Church, especially for protec tion against the power of Satan. The taking of water upon enter ing church and the Asperges be fore Sunday Mass both have the idea of a return to baptismal in nocence, removing the stains of our sins and imperfections as we approach the altar of God. Q. What is meant by the “intolerance of the Catholic Church:* an expression I came across in a book? Tolerance means the patient bearing of acts, beliefs and prac tices different from our own. In matters of opinion, such as poli tics, literature, music, economics no group can be said to have absolute certainty, and tolerance means Christian democratic open-minded exchange of views and absence of repression of op posite schools of thought. Even in these areas, as in factual sci ences, there are some certain facts (e.g. Columbus discovered America 1492) and certainties (e g. proved chemical or mathe matical formulas) which must be accepted, especially by teachers. Even civil law recognizes certain ethical necessities for the com mon good and will not permit obscenity or treason to be pub licly promoted. If God had not spoken, matters of religion would be subject to human frailty and tolerance would demand a great deal of human discussion and in quiry, but He has and the Cath olic Church cannot accept in her members nor approve in others ideas that are contrary to God’s Revelation. The Catholic Church is always firm in its insistence GRETTA PALMER A lively lit tle dispute on the use of prayer in the public schools blew up a few weeks ago. It arose between the New York State Board of Regents and two Protestant groups of Schenectady: the Frist Methodist Church and the First Unitarian Society. And who do you think, of these opponents, was pro prayer? And who do you think opposed the proposition with considerable heat? Your guess—if it is a kindly and charitable one—is wrong. It was the State Board of Regents, representing secular forces, that recommended opening each school day with a prayer. It was the men of cloth who drew back jn horror from the shocking in novation. “This nation was founded by those who learned the tragedy of a society in which the state and church were one,” stated the Methodist Church Board. “The place for specific teaching and formal practice of religion is in the home and in the church." At the time when “those who founded this nation” were found ing it, every blessed educational institution in the country, from the New England Dames Schools to the universities, was primar ily engaged in teaching religion, according to historians. The full horror of religion in the schools could hardly have occurred to men who had never heard of any school that was not church-in spired. It was not until 1817 that state-supported schools bagan— and then, only in Michigan. The Unitarian’s protest urged that “each should be free to find his own way religiously and spir itually.” They were joined by the New York Board of Rabbis, who opposed the suggestion for pray er on the grounds that it “will give rise to sectarian practices." The Freethinkers of America are against it too. Shallow Phrases What is the Regents’ prayer, that it should have stirred up so great an antagonism among these men, most of whom are presumably devoting their lives to trying to induce Americans to pray? Does it take a narrow po sition on such controversial mat ters as the Virgin Birth? Does it offend the sensibilities of those who are wobbly on the Divinity of Christ? Does it take a fiercely orthodox position against divorce, or castigate the practice of cre mation’ What wildly orthodox prayer can the Regents have con trived, which Methodist minis ters and Unitarian pastors would forbid children to say? Here it is: “Almighty God, we acknowledge our denendence up on thee and beg Thy blessings upon God’s Word being accept ed without change, but the occa sional instances in which indi vidual Catholics have used force to gain acceptance have never been pleasing to the Church. No person is to be forced to accept God or God’s word, so the Church is clearly tolerant in teaching kindness and patience to those who have beliefs other than our own. Q. Are the prayers after Low Mass really for Russia? In 1884 Pope Leo XIU intro duced the prayers which the priest and people say after Low Mass, and Blessed Pius added the invocations to the Sacred Heart. In 1930, Pope Pius XI or dered them to be offered up for the restoration of religious peace and freedom to our afflicted brethren in Russia. Q. What should you do if something you did quite a few years ago, which you are almost certain is not as sin, bothers you later in life? Could this be a temptation from the devil? A. The sacrament of Penance forgives all sins which are sub mitted to the priest and for which we are truly sorry, includ ing some that we may have for gotten to mention. Assuming that you have received the sacra ment since the act to which you refer happened and that you did not consider it a sin at the time and withhold it you can be cer tain that the power of Christ in that sacrament has removed the sin if it should be a sin. General ly, however, we discover sins in our childhood or youth, which we did not recognize as such at the time. We cannot take away the true absolution of such sins because we see the malice of them now, and we should simply breathe a prayer of thanksgiving for the mercy of God who does not consider an act as a sin which we committed without suf ficient knowledge. At rare inter vals during life a Catholic should make a general confession in which he may mention predom inant sins in his past and such troublesome acts of his youth, but usually such disturbing thoughts are from the devil, cal culated to disturb the peace of soul which should flow from Pen ance and a Christian life. Don't Mention God! upon us, our parents, our teach ers and our country. Amen* And that is all. This is a prayer, one would think, which could offend one type of thinker, and only one: the strange breed known as mil itant atheists—men who devote their lives to trying to prove to others that the universe is run ning drunkenly on its own pow er, with no control from either Love or Wisdom. To such men, the Regents’ prayer is an obvious affront—any prayer! The indig nation of Freethinkers of Amer ica at the Regents’ action springs, logically, from their intellectual stand. Hating religion, they are consistent in hating it when it crops up in Schenectady. One Subject Taboo Censorship is always with us: the only differences that occur, with the passage of time, are in the subjects considered unfit for human ears to hear and eyes to see. There was a time when it was thought indelicate to discus* sex in the classroom of th* public schools: that theory is now considered quaint. Thero was a time when blasphemy and smut among the young wer* punished by the teacher’s birch or the home remedy of soap in the mouth. There was a period when teachers suspected of be ing treasonably loyal to a foreign and hostile state would have been dismissed, and at once. Today, such things have alto gether changed. There is just one field in which the schools are asked, by our so ciety, to restrict the freedom of children whom they educate. Let them discuss any subject that they wish, save one. Let them in culcate any whimsical, unsub stantiated theory of economic* or sociology. There is just one word, that is a forbidden word, and it is GOD. There is just one activity our children may not en gage in as a group, and it is prayer. The first parochial school ac cording to the books, was that of St. Mary’s, Philadelphia, and it was founded in 1767 when every school was a religious school, and every school day opened with a prayer. And now the indifferent ism which has always cursed public education in this country has passed on and worsened and changed into official atheism, so that the secular educators them selves are scolded by minister* of God if they so much as men tion God. The parochial school alone ha* survived the sickness of th* times. The children attending any Catholic school today may say the same “Hail, Mary,” re peat the same “Apostles’ Creed” as the first class old St. Mary’* ever drew. In a world gone mad one system has preserved its san ity. And America may yet b* saved from chaos because two and a half million Catholic chil dren still sanctify their day by acknowledging their God.