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THE CATHOLIC TIMES Published Every Week by The Catholic Times. Inc. Columbus, Ohio NOTICE: Send All Changes ot Address to P. 0. Box 636 Columbus, Ohio Executive and Editorial Otfices: 246 E. Town Street. Columbus 15. Ohio Telephones: ADams 5195 ADams 5196 Address all communications tor publication to P. O Box 636. Columbus 16. Ohio Prte« of The Catholic Timee is S3 per year. All ■ubscripuons should be presented to our office through the pastors of the parishes. Remittances should be made payable to The Cath olic Timee Anonymous communications will be disregarded. W« do not hold ourselves responsible for any views or opinions expressed in the communications of our corres pendents. Entered as Second Class Matter at Post Offica. Columbus. Ohio. St. Francie de Sales, Patron of the Catholic Press and of the Diocese of Columbus, Pray for Us I This Paper Printed by Union Labor Teen-Age Models It is a practice in some large department stores to invite the young women of the high schools of the community to model some of the latest styles. These programs are advertised in the newspapers, and the young ladies apparently feel quite flattered that they are invited. It is regrettable, however, that some of these programs include the modeling ot rather bold styles. It is embarrassing, therefore, to learn that girls from Catholic high schools are among those parading before the assemblies in strapless gowns, at a time when other Catholic girls of the nation are conducting a campaign for modesty in dress. This movement for decency is sparked by the “Sunday Visitor” and a group of girls known as the S.D.S.— which means “supply the demand for the supply.” They are endeavoring to get high school girls to wear modest clothing for the annual commencement week proms. But a local large department store offended seriously this month by inviting the teen-age girls from high schools, including some Catholic ones, to model before boys of other schools hereabouts. What was the particular type of clothing sched uled for the day’s modelling? Styles for the beach. If this is the sort of thing that teen agert want, then they must he taught differently by parents and those who educate them in character as well as in book knowledge. The wonderful young women of our Catholic high schools who are receiving their diplomas this year, will exert a tremendous influence on fash ions if they insist upon modest, and therefore, beautiful, dresses for their formal occasions of commencement week. Their example will add dig nity to the events which mean so much to them and their friends at this time. The Real Presence Congress The International Eucharistic Congress opens in Barcelona, Spain, next week. It will close with great climactic ceremonies on Sunday, .lune 1. Al ready officials preparing foi the great event are saying that it will be one of the most successful in the history of such international gatherings in honor of the Blessed Sacrament. In reality, the Congress is a public demonstra tion of faith in the Real Presence Like the Forty Hours Devotions held annually in every parish church, this Congress in Barcelona is an open pro fcssion of belief in the lad that Our Lord Himself IS I eally and truly present undei the appearance of bread and wine. What the Forty Hours Devotion does on the parish scale, the International Euchar istic Congress does on the international scale The people of each parish come together annually, to make a united and public art ol faith in the Blessed Sacrament, and to give thanks to Almighty God for giving His Divine Son to us for our spiritual food and to dwell in our midst in the tabernacles of our altars. Once each year we are reminded in a special way of this tremendous privilege in having Our Lord Himself with us It is important that all the paiish join in this public acknowledgement of belief in the Kcal I'resencc We owe our Lord ador ation, not only as individuals, but as a group, as His children We owe Him public honor at hoi ics the world over will bp inNrested. there fore, in the tremendous demonstration in honot ol the Real Presence at the great Congress in Bar celona Those unable to be present, will pray for its success and unite in adoring in reparation for those who do not adore tn believing, for those who do not believe and in loving, for those who do not love. Arc You Listening Dr. Conant? In days when men tn high and respected post tions in education unhesitatingly question the value of our schools, it is refreshing to read objective and on the spot reporting by men who know where of they speak. The Chillicothe (ia:ette, commenting editorially in its May 10th edition, congratulates the 'atholic Central high school “which again has been rated a first giade high school by the .stale department of education The editorial notes that “with a small enrollment and limited private financing, (atholic Central high school nevertheless manages to present high quality instinct ion and facilities unequalled by many larger schools." It would seem that Catholic Central presents little in the way of a threat to democratic living in Chilli cothe But then how would Doctor Conant, or others that echoed his views, know about Catholic Cen tral’s contribution to the growth ol democracy in a small town in Ohio? Busy with the duties of high offices one could hardly expect these men to read the testimony of an editor who writes that “It is good to affix an A on the Catholic Central report card, alongside that of Chillicothe high school We know all the young high school students of our city are receiving the best in the way of education that is afforded tn Ohio." Mong^idt ts the important word in the Ga retie editorial Directly opposed to the much used “divisive.” it represents a true evaluation of the relationship between the public ami parochial schools in the hundreds of communities not only in Ohio but in every state of our great nation. Trained in research as these educators must be, it seems strange that then conclusions should he based upon anything less than first hand data coin ing from the community itself The Chillicothe edit orial is most worthy ot retelling and brings us to a conclusion of out own Valid criticism of any school or school system must follow from honest research done at the community level. Migrant Labor In Ohio Since the appearance in 1951 of the report of the President’s Commission on Migratory Labor there has been an incteasing interest on the part of a great many people in doing something to re lieve the plight of the migrant laborers. Catholics can be proud of the pioneering role of Archbishop Lucey of San Antonio in this field and his outstanding service as a member of the President’s Commission. An indication of this increased interest was the calling of a Conference by the Consumers League at Bowling Green State University during I the past week. Ohio has not the problems of some other states but it was heartening to see a begin ning made to what can be an important and humane work. Ten thousand migrant laborers will work in Ohio this year, practically all of them in eighteen counties in the northwest section of the state. Most of these people are native Americans of Mexican ancestry from Texas. Most of them are also Cath olics. There is evidence of great improvements in the conditions of the migrants in the past ten or fif teen years but there is also ample evidence that much remains to be done. Most of them, because of the type of life they lead, have been deprived of the opportunity for any but the most elementary schooling. Most have never overcome the barrier of language and have found it difficult to be accepted or integrated, into the community where they happen to be. Language and their isolation make it difficult for the Church to serve them as they need. Since their needs are tem porary and seasonal, housing is almost always sub standard if not subhuman. They lack the protection of minimum wages and unemployment compensa tion. Wages while adequate in most cases on a fam ily basis when the whole family works, are too low on an individual basis. Hearings have been held in Washington by the Senate Labor subcommittee preparatory to writing a bill providing some protective standards for the migrants. This is laudable but the problem is also local and calls for the local community to accept re sponsibility in bettering conditions of a people they now too often look on only as an economic necess ity. Just Among Ourselves Passing Comment Considered or Inconsiderate The old familiar sayings, saws, adages, are not always so wise or penetrating as they seem to be. A good deal of foolishness has managed to get itself expressed in sparkling form, and to endure for centuries as gems of wisdom. But the thing to re member is that there are real gems of wisdom. An occasional stone from Woolworth’s may conceiv ably find its way into a tray at Tiffany’s, but this disturbing fact does not destroy the value of the genuine jewels. V It is silly to reject an old-fashioned saying be cause it is a cliche, as it is to accept each time-worn adage as the concentrated essence of invariable truth. Especially is it silly to reject and accept on no principle but that of personal preference. We need cool heads, and some experience, to pick our max ims judiciously and to value them objectively. Consider the remark that where there is smoke there is fire. In an age gone wildly chemical, we know that this is not true. A great deal of smoke can be produced by the mere mingling of gases or liquids. It is true that an effect has its cause, but it is sometimes injudicious to make a sweeping identification of the cause. Many a reputation has been ruined by the rash assumption that the smoke of rumor comes from the fire of fact, omitting the possibility that it may come from the evil chemicals of ignorance, envy, or malice. 0 Or take the ancient Roman saying that “virtue stands in the middle.” This is a true saying when the virtue in question is that of temperance, which is the right and reasonable use of material things. But the adage does not extend to all virtue. Ex tremes are not always bad. Indeed, most virtues demand the extreme. One cannot be moderately just, moderately truthful, or somewhat pure, and claim the virtues of justice, truthfulness, or purity. On (he other hand, there is a universal value in the old saw that straws show which way the wind blows. Trifles are, when rightly interpreted, sure indications of facts or conditions which are far from trifling. And there comes to light in a current review a trifling comment which seems to indicate an ominous state of affairs it is a straw which indicates an evil wind. Before we quote the comment, let us look ser iously at the world we live in. We hear people ev erywhere talking about civilization. It is something valuable that we possess, though communism and other things threaten to take it away from us. We feel that with our civilization is coupled a high culture. Everybody assumes, and nearly everybody keeps saying, that ours is an enlightened age- We dote upon education, although we do not define the term. We boast of our schools, our laboratories, our unlimited opportunities for intellectual and technical enrichment. We talk of our “American way of life,” as of something fine, something inexpressibly dear, some thing almost sanctified. We want free enterprise united with just dealings for all concerned. We re joice that our generation has forced upon the blind ruthlessness of moneyed power a human and kindly awareness of the laboring man. We feel we have emerged, at least in great measure, from the savag ery of soulless corporations and wage-slaves. We have troubles, to he sure, and social matters are not yet in equilibrium. But we are aware of the goal, and we make progress. No longer do we find the industrial situation either the bloody arena of capitalistic greed or the field of turmoil where labor tramples triumphantly on money Jiarons. Capital and labor are now a team. It is an uneasy team, not yet used to working quietly in harness, but it is a team, and day by day its members are learning to pull steadily in the same direction. Ours is the Modern Moment, the Present Day. the Twentieth Century at its best. How far ahead are we of the old fogies and the poor serfs and the overlording drivers of a half-century ago! In our day the great thing called human dig nity, in employer and in employee, slowly but surely emerges to demand universal reverence. Ours is, at the moment, a troubled world, but surely it is a world in which there is a new* 1 (and hitherto unimaginable) awareness of the common glory of man, including the common man. We work tirelessly against the old horrors of bigotry, race prejudice, artificial inequalities, unmerited privil ege, and undue subjugation. We hear the call of humanity. We give generously, making willing sac rifice, to help the afflicted, to blot out disease, to shelter the homeless. We work, in a state of noble indignation, against moral corruption, crime, delin quency, evil influence. This, then, is our world. We discern in it a new dignity, a new high seriousness, a new and elevated view of humanity and its purposes. We hunger after justice, we arc graced with charity. No numerous group of modern men, constituting a real social and public force, could, in this bright hour, descend to anything sordid, low, debasing, uncouth. No? But there are straws in the wind! Here is such a straw. We quote it without com ment. Ponder its meaning, in view of all our high idealism, our culture, our enlightenment, and all the rest of it. See what a wind may be indicated, and whither it may blow. Here is the comment, taken from an immensely popular, and very serious, re view “The old-line AFL electrical workers’ union will send a troupe of burlesque strip-teasers to cities served by the Northwestern Bell Telephone Co. to put on free shows for employees. It’s to woo members away from the rival CIO communications union." I? THE CATHOLIC TIMES, FRIDAY, MAY 2 3, 1952 /A JJJUAtj WASHINGTON LETTER This Bears WASHINGTON Americans will be giving more and more attention to the developing po litical situation in England. It is possible that it will have in fluence upon the national elec tions in this country this Fall. There is a special interest for American Catholics, as some in fluential Catholic papers in Eng land are expressing concern over the way things threaten to go. Crux of the situation is that dynamic Aneurin Bevan is striv ing, with growing success, to gain control of the British La bour Party. He has been describ ed as an opponent of Moscow communists but an admirer of Marshal Tito, and it is believed that he would swing the party farther to the Left. There could be some decision in this strug gle at. or before, the annual con ference of the Labour Party on September 23. Observers in Great Britain seem to think that, if there were to be a general election any time in the near future, the Labour Party would he returned to pow er. So, if Mr. Bevan were to gain control of the Labour Par ty, and if a crisis could be cre ated to force a general election, it is quite possible that Mr. Be van would be installed in top power in Great Britain. This could affect the relationship of Great Britain and the United States—which have had to work in close cooperation for more than a decade—not only because of Mr. Bevan’s personal criti- LOUIS F. RUDENZ The Battle At the May 1 rally of the Queens Count.v N. Y.) EHr American Le gion which I a cssed, it w as a pleasure to the Io II ^^^EE^H^Eg cal command er urge all to see th e splendid EEEk®EBB moving picture, “My Son John." In this production we have good entertainment, presented with skill. Beyond that, we have the concealed communist depicted as he frequently appears in the American community not as one with the stamp “Bolshevik” upon him but as part of the community which he endeavors to undermine for Stalin. It is because of this false ap pearance of the concealed Stalin He that the Communists have made so much progress in this country in what can be called “the battle for the American mind." “My Son John" recognizes this by making its final dramatic appeal to the college graduates in its concluding scene. Under One Roof Those who wish to defeat the communists in this battle for the mind of America have a large undertaking cut out for them. During this past month the Reds have opened up a new campaign of widespread proportions in what they call “the cultural field." They have brought into that fight on their side certain poets, actresses of note, writers for Hollywood, song writers and others. The Daily Worker can not conceal its pleasure at the This followed a front-page statement in the Catholic Herald that Mr. Bevan is a Marxist “out to win the million-strong Labour Movement to an anti-Christian point of view." Hitherto and of ficially a moderately socialist group, based on trade unionism and a "Welfare State" of na tionalized industries and free public services, the Labour Par ty is the most powerful political organization in England. It has the backing of the trade unions and the working class, among whom are found most of the country’s Catholics. ti atching cism of this country, but also because of the way he could af fect the policies of England. If by any chance Mr. Bevan should come into power in Eng land before our own national elections are held in November, or even if he were to gain con trol of the Labour Party by that time, the Democratic and Repub lican candidates for the Presi dency may have to declare them selves with regard to him. If Mr. Bevan should come to pow er after the elections he would pose problems for the new ad ministration. The Universe, mass circulation Catholic Newspaper of London, has described the philosophy be hind Mr. Bevan's movement as incompatible with Christian thought. It declared that philoso phy, based on a purer socialism than the party’s official creed, to be materialistic and one that no Catholic could accept. For The Mind progress made in the entire arena of the public, school, the college, the library and the stage. What we should note in this campaign, in order to halt it, is that the Communists place "cul ture under one roof. They have shrewdly understood that one division of activity tn this field can aid the other. This is indi cated in a sharp manner by V. J. Jerome, leading figure in the Red Cultural Commission, in his “jreport” to the Fifteenth Na tional Convention of the Com munist Party." By Their Works From the Jerome report and from Red tactics we can observe that the Communist infiltration of the schools and colleges is broader than the mere placing of Red teachers in those places. They press also for the planting of books by Communists or con cealed Reds in both public and school libraries. The work of Howard Fast, openly admitted Communist, is one of their fa vorites. It is surprising how many libraries carry Fast’s works. When the child receives this Red author’s writings as as signed reading, or when the child has ready access to his works, that immediately pre pares the pupil for further in doctrination. Further than that, when the child hears of acts by Fast supporting certain Red causes, he is predisposed in Fast’s favor. After all. have his works not been played up or rec ommended by the local school li brary? Another book used in the same way is Shirley Graham's "Life of Paul Robeson." This is The Universe said editorially: “Although it is generally recogniz ed that Catholics may belong to any political party in this country except the Communist it becomes increasingly necessary to point out that this does not dispense us from the necessity of applying Christian principles to politics in whatever party we may be working.” The special problem raised by Mr. Bevan’s movement was brought to public notice some time ago by Bishop Heenan of Leeds. Criticizing Mr. Bevan's “philos ophy.” as expounded by him per sonally in his book “In Place of Fear," the Universe says “there is little difficulty in seeing that it is one which no Catholic could accept When he bases his campaign on hatred, so that the definition of about half the country as ‘lower than vermin’ is not a chance phrase but an epitome of his political system few people can fail to realize how incompatible it is not only with Christian thought but with the obligation of charily." Some of the leaders, in con trast to the rapidly-growing left wing group, are now considering sympathetically the demand for co-partnership and profit-sharing as possible alternatives for insur ing the more equitable distribu tion of property. There also have been suggestions for reversing the tendency for more and more central State action in favor of decentralization and the distribu tion of power through the com munity. plugged by the concealed Com munists everywhere and finds its way onto countless library shelv es. Miss Graham has been a member of many Communist fronts and has always shown by her affiliations that she is in tune with the current Red line. And Paul Robseon, open Com munist today, is of course brought forward to poison the minds of the Negro people, in addition to the ill effect on many others. The works of Albert Kahn, a rabid champion of the Stalinite "peace" fronts, are also pushed intensively and get into the com munity libraries on a large scale. Positive Approach It is essential that these books be removed from the li braries, or at least that they be prominently labeled “pro-Com munist propaganda." That is just as important, if not more so, as the labeling of poisonous drugs or other articles of food under the Pure Food, Drugs and Cos metics Act. And it is vital that the information contained in such a helpful publication as Counterattack be utilized to the utmost in all branches of "cul tural" activity. There is also positive work to be done by those who wish, to prevent the inroads of Commun ism into our thinking. Books which are analytical and critical of the Red conspiracy are still largely absent from our library shelves. And yet, these books are available. It is a solemn ob ligation of the patriotic Amer ican to see that they are in the libraries and that they are known and used. 4 INQUIRY CORNER Was The Priesthood Founded By Christ? What are some proofs of the Sacrament of Holy Orders? A. Since Christ established a Church to do certain things, to take His place, we know from reason that there would have to be officials for the orderly car rying out of this mission. Exam ining the evidence of man’s con fusion and degradation without divine guidance we know there had to be an organization of men such as the Apostles, whom Christ trained. In the Old Testa ment Isaias (66:21) prophesied that the Messias would call priests from among the Gen tiles. and Malachy (1:11) speaks of the "clean oblation" to be of fered "by the gentiles from the rising of the sun even to the go ing down.” In the New Testa ment these prophecies were ful filled by Christ when He chose twelve men to be apostles i. e. "sent" (Mark 3:13 Luke 6:13) while the rest were disciples i. e. "taught.” Further Christ gave them the command to teach all nations (Matthew 28:19: Mark 16:15), to baptize (Matthew 28:19), to forgive sins (John 20:23) to consecrate the Blessed Eucharist (Luke 22:19 I Cor. 11:25) and declared these pow ers perpetual (Matthew 28:20). Tn the appointment of St. Mat thias (Acts 1:26), the ordination of St. Paul and St. Barnabas Acts 13:3) and of "priests in ev ery Church" (Acts 14:22) we have instances of the administration of this Sacrament. It was given by a Bishop imposing hands (I Timothy 4:14) with the inten tion of passing on the powers given by Christ to the Apostles as it is in the Catholic Church today. Q. Was there a hierarchy in the early Church? A. The name hierarchy, so un thinkingly abused by enemies of the Church today simply means a form of organization in which there are degrees of authority. Christ certainly gave power to teach, rule and sanctify to the Apostles which they were to pass on until the end of the world. Q. Could you explain some of the vestments worn by a bishop? A. The explanation of the vest ments involves two things, as do many liturgical objects. The his torical origin of most of them indicates the use or adaptation of objects in everyday use dur ing apostolic times or later. The pravers involved in blessing or putting them on indicate the symbolic meaning which has been attached to them by the Church. The buskins (long cere monial stockings) and sandals come from ancient Rome, becom ing insignia of bishops during the decline of the Empire. The pectoral cross containing relics of the martyrs, which the bish op wears on an ornamented cord RICHARD PATTEE News Of Rumania How much attention i s paid in the American mind to the excel lent reporting on conditions behind the Iron Curtain being done by the va rious national committees in exile now func tioning in this country? There is pre cious little evidence that the general press takes in to account these sources of in formation or that the leakage from the satellite countries, in terms of news items, makes much of an impression on our people. This is particularly sig nificant in regard to those coun tries which are particularly seal ed off against the West: Albania, Bulgaria, Rumania and the Baltic states. I have before me the last is sue of the Information Bulletin, of the Rumanian National Com mittee of the United States. It contains, as usual, not merely appraisals of the general situa tion which is unceasingly and without exception bad, but mor sels of factual information of the greatest interest to everyone concerned as to the course of events in the kidnapped nations. Harrowing Tala There is a report from a Greek citizen recently escaped from Bucharest where he spent some time in the Galatzi prison. This individual has recounted, from the safety of Athens, a harrow ing tale of the treatment meted out to the Rumanian political leader, luliu Maniu, now nearly 80 years of age. This outstand ing statesman, in desperately bad health, suffers nightly the tor ments and tortures that only the crazed minds of his communist jailors could conjure up. Specific names are mentioned: Petre Goi ciu, director of the prison, and his communist collaborators. The informant in this case stresses the necessity of using this de tailed information in broadcasts, since in certain specific cases a widespread knowledge of what is taking place curbs the savag ery of the oppressors. There is information on the tightening of the control of the Danube, and the imposition on the Rumanian railway system of Soviet functionaries. A special around his neck is derived from the “Enkolpia” worn by the early Christians and serves as a re minder of the sacrifice of the martyrs and the power of the cross. The dalmatic and tunic worn under the chasuble at Pon tifical Mass are relics of Roman dress and indicate the fullness of the priesthood which the bish op possesses the mitre, origin ally a round soft cap worn by bishops, in the Middle Ages be came elongated into the two peaks we know with symbolic representation of love of God and love of neighbor, the whole mitre signifying the helmet of salvation. The gloves, introduced in the tenth century, were orig inally white but now follow the color of the day and symbolize purity of heart in approaching the altar the ring, worn on the fourth finger of the right hand, with its precious stone (sapphire for cardinals) symbolizes the seal of faith and the union of the bishop with his diocese. The crosier is the staff of the apos tolic office, the pointed end symbolizing the bishop’s office to stir up the lazy, the shaft his support to the weak and the bent top his care for the flock as its shepherd. Q. What can we say about the pride and ambition of Pope Gregory VII, known in history as Hildebrand? A. A great deal that has been written about Hildebrand is emo tional reaction to the power of the Catholic Church at that time. Born in Tuscany of humble par ents he w’as a Benedictine abbot, counsellor of six popes, before he was chosen in spite of his pro tests in 1073, to be pope and leader of a great reform. In or der to correct widespread abuses, rising from decay of Charle magne’s Empire, he insisted upon clerics being chosen by the Church not by civil rulers like Henry TV. When Henry violated the agreement and was excom municated and humbled, it is quite possible that Gregory’s power was not consistent with present-day ideas of separation of Church and State. It was, in fact, an attempt to apply the teach ings of St. Augustine regarding the "City of God” and not per sonal ambition which guided St. Gregory VII. He died in exile, saying, "I have loved truth and hated iniquity therefore I die in exile His feast day is cele brated May 25, and his interces sion might well be invoked for guidance of men tn Church and Government, toward the balance indicated in Christ’s words: “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s." (Send questions to: Inquiry Cor ner. The Catholic Times, Box 636, Columbus 16, Ohio.) Soviet commission has been in charge of Rumanian railroads since April, 1951. News has seeped out regard ing the establishment of a spe cial school for civilian security officers, the purpose of whose training is to take care of popu lar revolt, protest action and col laboration with a future enemy behind the lines. Faithfully Reported Strikes and even riots do not seem to be entirely absent in this sovietized paradise. Rail way workers protested noisily before the Railway Administra tion Building in Bucharest on September 18, last. In the Bical hydro-electric plant, which fur nishes power to the Ukraine, there was a recent strike of em ployes. Arrests and convictions are re ported faithfully in this bulle tin. A mass purge of the mili tary magistrates—including one General Petrescu, the officer judge who condemned Maniu and many other enemies of the regime—has been in progress. Parish priests who fail to slant their sermons along the approv ed political lines are being fin ed from five to ten thousand lei for each offense. On November 25, 1951, Valerin Zaharia, de scribed as a former Iron Guard hoodlum, was consecrated bishop of the Orthodox see of Oradea. Obligatory courses in Marx ism-Leninism have become the rule for all persons engaged in intellectual pursuits. Members of the Rumanian Academy, no matter how old or how distin guished, are forced to attend lec tures and "refresher” courses in Marxism. Chapter and Verse Full information is given with chapter and verse regarding the constant influx of Soviet tech nicians and advisers in almost every phase of Rumanian nation al life. One I. Pinkovsky holds the post of chief of the Section of Documents and Studies of the Ministry of Education. His prin cipal job is to pass on all text books used in Rumanian schools. All in all, the news out of Rumania as contained in the bulletin is no novelty. The im portance rests on the ring of absolute authenticity and the singularly important culling of the Rumanian press which, in spite of the rigorous censorship, turns up innumerable nuggets of significant information.