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THE CATHOLIC TIMES Published Every Week by The Catholic Times, Inc. Columbus, Ohio NOTICE: Send All Changes oi Address to P. 0. Box 636 Columbus. Ohio Executive and Editorial Offices: 246 E. Town Street. Columbus 15. Ohio Telephones: ADams 5195 ADams 5196 Address all communications tor publication to P. 0 Box 636. Columbus 16. Ohio Price of The Catholic Time* i« S3 per year All »upecrirti'n« should be presented to our office through the pastors of the parishes. Remittances should be made payable to The Cath olic Timet Anonymous communications will be diweparded W» do not hold ourselves responsible for any view* or opinion* expressed tn the communication* of our correspondents Entered as Second Class Matter at Post Office Columbus. Ohio. St. Francis de Sales, Patron of the Catholic Pre** and of the Diocese of Columbu*. Pray for U* 1 This Paper Printed by Union Labor Why Bel rayal I Of Our Nation? Despite the squeals made by the communists and their sympathizers. l.ouis Budenz is now recog nized as having done his country a tremendous service. He is still doing whatever he can to fight the menace of communism. It is true that he may bp doing so in reparation for his own defections and work as a communist some few years ago. Neverthe less. his former experience makes him now a val uable asset in fighting an evil as slippery and elusive as is communism. Mr. Budenz said in an address last week that communism’s greatest wins have been in the United States. This is rather shocking and startling, to say the least. But we gather the meaning of this when we hear him say that Communism has taken another 200.000.000 persons since 1945. in addition to the 600.000,000 it already controlled. He said that the United States policy has been responsible for com munism’s success in enslaving these people over a seven-year period-. That is an amazing and humiliat ing statement for all red-blooded Americans. “Poland was betrayed in Washington through the counsels of Alger Hiss. Harry Hopkins and others of their ilk,” said Mr. Budenz. China, too. was lost in Washington through the counsels of Owen Lattimore and a host of others in the government. Hou all good Americans should blush at this revela tion! The only consolation is in the knowledge that the United States as such has not betrayed anyone, but rather that a small segment of its leadership has ar ranged for the country’s own defeat by the "ever encroaching communist conspiracy.” One cannot help but wonder how so many people could be so far from devotion to this greatest nation on earth, with all its privileges and its high standard of living. Besides, how could it be that so many others sit idly by while all this happens right around them? is there something wrong with our educa tional processes that our citizens no longer have deep abiding patriotism? It must be. else why the continual fight to separate the Church and State? For how can a nation long endure that rules God out of its interest and concern? Our greatest trait ors are those who long since ruled religion out of the training of future citizens, the ones who now betray their country. Ambassadors Of Christ One of the highlights of the American pilgrimage to the Eucharistic Congress in Barcelona was the visit the pilgrims had with the Pope on their return journey. His message to them al that time is some thing that all of us might take to heart. The Holy Father said that He recalled “a pic ture of exquisite, delicate beauty and charm, which perhaps you all know. The tall, erect figure of the Blessed Mother raises her divine Baby shoulder high, and supports His little arm as His hand would give a blessing to all who come to Hirn. A living ostensor lum. one might say. "And why can't you. returning to your country, to your cities and neighborhood hold Christ aloft, that all about you may see Him, recognize Him in your words, your conduct, your whole person, may come to know His teachings, to know that "the grace of God our Saviour has dawned on human kind, schooling us to forego irreverent thoughts and worldly hankerings, and to live in this present world a hie of order, of justice and of holiness,” (Tit. 2 12), aware of the inheritance that is yours as God's adopted children through Jesus Christ? I^t that thought, dear children, he the measure of the resolution you carry home after this pil grimage It is a thought that we all might “carry home.” The one absolutely sure, can’t fail method, for curing the ills that afflict the would, would be for the world to turn to Christ. And the surest way of bringing about this end is to take heed of the Holy Father's words and bring Christ to our neighbor hoods by letting all see His life in us The Heat’s On The battle to keep cool started in earnest this week and, if past years are any criterion, will go nn for the next few months. The old army phrase: “to sweat it out” applies most aptly to the general public’s summer preoccupation. The temporary stop gap afforded by the modern Invention of air conditioning is little bettor than a hard uon truce. The debilitating effect of the out side weather seems to grow in proportion to the time one spends in the refrigerated atmosphere Of the artificial sanctuary. The warfare waged ny the weather is both physical an psychological While we arc baked unmercifully from without out spirit melts and dis appears within when we view (he inevitability of the prospect. No matter what we do. at some time during the next few months, each one of us will suffer some from he heat. That effects on us of such dismal prospects could be put to any good use is beyond the pale of thought. Ahd yet, the thought that they might be lends at least an air of spiritual refreshment to the picture Why not put the heat on the Devil this sum mei by offering up all the discomfiture of the sea son and applying the merit gained to the fostering of vocations to the Diocesan priesthood The thought of how many people you'll be help ing to keep cool in the life to come should make this summer’s heat a little easier to hear. Ancient Heresies? 4 The ancient heresies concerning the person of Jesus Christ, those extremist views which led to so many bitter wars and the defection of so many from the true Faith, are thought by many to have been settled once for all and to be now a part of dusty history There are those today who would reduce Christ and His teachings to a mere man and a social doc trine. There are those who say that Christ was a manifestation of the God Head only and no man at all. There are others, who say that Christ, the God Man, wai but a figment of the imagination of his followers, a super myth grown up over the years. We know who Christ was He was the Only Be gotten Son of the Father, True God from all etern ity. We also know that He became man to redeem us from our sms. We know that Christ is both God and man—one Divine Person, being at the same time true God and true man We know Christ was God because He did things that only God could do: raise the dead to life, give sight to the blind, cure all manner of illnesses and foretell the future. We know Christ was man because He was born of the Virgin Mary, grew up and lived among men, felt tired, suffered, ate food and finally was execut ed and died. We know Christ was one Person, the Second Person of the Blessed Trinity, because as God He told us this, and could neither deceive or be de ceived. Today, Friday, the 20th, is the Feast of The Sac red Heart of Jesus. This feast was instituted and is celebrated by the Church today to give honor and homage to the Sacred Humanity of Je$us. It has its dogmatic foundation in the Incarnation of the God’s Son. making every part of our Lord’s human nature worthy of adoration and in a par ticular way. we honor Our Lord’s Sacred Heart, as a symbol, a reminder of His great love for us. There are countless numbers of human beings who. knowing or unknowingly, subscribe to the an cient heresies about the Person of Christ. Our cele bration of this Feast of Sacred Heart can do much to repay Christ for their neglect and win for man kind the treasures promised by Christ to those who honor His Divine Person, and pay homage to His Sacred Heart. list Among Ourselves Pasting Comment Considered or Inconsiderate We sometimes hear people speak of “thinking in a certain language”,, particularly when they have reference to an acquired language, that is, a lan guage other than the native tongue. “You do not really know French.” they will say, “until you can think in French.” This is a mistaken and a mislead ing statement. We do not think in a language. Thought comes first and language gives it outer expression. Our thinking is fundamentally a grasp of things, and in deed there is a very close affinity between the word think and the word thing. We know things (in es sence, or by definition) and we compare and men tally pronounce upon these points of knowledge fin ally, out of evidenced pronouncements, seen side by side in the mind, new facts may become mani fest. All this is involved in the business called thinking. Language is something else again. Language is the expression of thinking. Suppose a varied group of nationals considers a circle drawn on a black board. Suppose that in the minds of all members of the group there is this piece of thinking: “If this is a true circle, all its radii are equal in length.” It would be merely silly to say that the Polishman thinks "this thought” in Polish, the Frenchman in French, the Hollander in D”tch. the Amer ican in English They all think the same thought. When it conies to expressing the thought, each man is, of course, limited to the language he knows. Man's inevitable impulse to express his thoughts usually gives him an early facility in the use ot his native tongue, tor uruiuary and casual purposes, words aie so icauy to his recollection and use that tiicie seems to be no time-interval between the thought and its expression, and no effort appears to be involved in giving utterance to thinking. But let a man try to express himself in a language imper fectly known, a language that he has never mas tered by daily and hourly use tor a considerable time and in varying circumstances he will have dif ficulty. He will need to recall apt words for what he wishes to say, that is, to express his thinking. He will also need to employ suitable grammatical con structions in his use ot the words. This (till he has acquired facility by much practice) takes effort and occasions halting and imperfect utterance. But the man. struggling to find words and con structions in a unfamiliar language, does not rightly say, “I am not yet able to think in this language.” He has the thought all right, he is able to think he is actually thinking. What he lacks is mastery of lan guage to express his thinking. He should say, not “1 cannot think in this language,” but “I don't know this language well enough to give ready expression Io my thoughts.” Nevertheless language, especially the native lan guage or a language thoroughly mastered, is closely related to the thinking for which it is the instru ment of expression. And this close relationship some times makes a word the prod and occasion of think ing sometimes indeed a*word may be so associated with a thought that its use directs (or misdirects) fur. ther thinking. A word used overmuch to express one thought may carry its overtones into the expression of another thought lor which the word but not the overtones may be suitable. Take, lor instance, the word “tree” or the word “liberal.” Fredom and liberality are splendid things they are noble, desirable, wholly admirable. The adjectives “free” and “liberal”, used so consist ently Io express what is fine, are likely to carry the ov ertone of fineness and nobility into all their uses, and sometimes these overtones are unjustified and so tend to deceive the mind. Thus “free thought’ or “liberal views in religion” are expressions suggest ive, at Inst sight or hearing, of good and noble things it lakes attention and effort to shake off the strong suggestion of the words and to look carefully at what they arc used to express and most hearers and readers are not willing to bestow the required attention and effort. Only when material circumstances arc so mani festly at variance with fineness and nobility that no one can mistake their actual meaning in a special and precise use arc these words “free” and “liberal” robbed of the overtones which make them potntial deceivers and misdirectors of the mind. We know (but a foreigner would not know) that we arc not praising the housebreaker when we say that “he look his tunc sat in the living room, and was very lice in the use of both my books and my cigars.” We understand (but a foreigner would not understand) the unpraiseful meaning of the remark made by a prisoner to the judec who has just sentenced him to 20 years in jail. “Your Honor, you are very liberal in the bestowal of my time.” \nd thrie aie words which ought to have an evil moaning, but which, through constant use in a good sense, have lost that meaning, and which therefore blunt the accuracy of the mind in choosing terms of expression. One such word is the noun "pride” with its adjective "nroud low often do we find the word "pride" used as something fine and good as a fad, pride is the foulest ot sms A father will say, “My boy’s work at school is a source of great pride to me.” He means, of course, "joy” or "satisfaction" he certainly does not mean "pride," We hear such com. ment as. He takes a pardonable pride in his accom plishment." Of course, he doesn t, for pride is never pardonable, what is meant is that the man is pleased or delighted with what he has achieved. It is a good thing, now and again, to chock on our familiar phrases and on those constantly heard or seen in print Language which is the expression of thinking is inevitably the suggestion of further thinking, and very often of crooked and damaging thinking. Is progressive education really progress ive? Is progress always an advance towards truth or worth’’ Is prosperity always prosperity,—in view of eternity? We must make words our sen ants, not our masters, they are continually getting above themselves and seeking to master the thought they are meant to sene. THECA THOLIC TIMES, FRIDAY, JUNE 20, 1952 EM WASHINGTON LETTER A Job For WASHINGTON—Is it possible for a Congressional hearing to go too well for one side as against the other? Some people are asking them selves that question here with regard to an investigation into radio and TV programs. It is possible, some people think, that persons and interests friendly to the two industries may have played their hand a bit too strong. A sub-committee of the House of Representatives Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce is presently seeking “to deter mine the extent to which radio and television programs contain immoral or otherwise offensive matter, or place im proper emphasis upon crime, violence, and corruption.” The group has held a few brief hearings and pt this moment is in recess. Witnesses heard up to this point have found fault with one or another aspect of radio or tel evision as now presented. By and large one would have to say they have had a “bad press.” As a matter of fact, some observers here feel that few investigations have got off to such a seemingly poor start. Not only witnesses hut members of Congress have been subjected to “ribbing.” some of which has been none too gentle. One radio and tele vision trade paper made fun of a Congressman who appeared as a witness wondered out loud LOUIS E. BUDENZ Mr. and Mrs. Average Amer ican will have to look sharp for new at tempts to break down their morale: they are put on notice by the latest prop aganda worked out by the Communists. In addition to the V false cries of American “bacteri ological warfare,” Stalin’s follow ers in this country have opened up a campaign to spread defeat inn the ranks of our people. Stalin gave them the big cue in his “interview” with American newspaper men on April 2, which was designed to spread hopes that Soviet Russia would enter into an honorable peace. This statement by the Soviet dictator is played up by the New Times of Moscow, under date of April 9. and we know by now that this Soviet organ is a source of direc tives to the Reds of the world. The Master of the Kremlin takes special pains to paint a gloomy picture of the sufferings of the people under “capitalist” governments. He refers to the burden of the huge armament programs—never at any time, of course, admitting that Soviet arming to the teeth has caused the Western world to prepare for defense. To the contrary, he pre sents the Red dictatorship as the great guardian of peace through out the world. Only the Climax The Communists here were quick to respond to this clear directive from him whom they have proclaimed as their “leader, teacher and guide.” Plans for a End of the Affair The Mothers what the voters in his home dis trict would think of his perform ance, and asked if some mem bers of Congress were not just trying to get publicity in an elec tion year. It was clear that radio and tel evision, which struck it rich when they were permitted to broadcast and televise some ear lier Congressional hearings, were not in favor of this investiga tion. And, it is interesting to note, it was not just trade papers that gave this hearing “the light treatment.” Daily papers, pre sumably without the same close interest in the industries as the trade papers, have “played it for laughs” when reporting some of the sessions. What some thoughtful persons are asking themselves is: May not this sort of treatment have made friends for those who com plained against some radio and TV practices? Representatives of the indus tries and of the Federal Com munications Commission are ex pected to be in the majority, if not all, of the witnesses when the hearings resume. There is a feeling that nothing much will come out of the inquiry during this Congress. Of course, if more of that now considerable group that is taking these problems se riously were to come forward with their chapter and verse evi dence, the picture could change. But friends of radio and tele vision delude themselves, observ Statin, Aesop And You defeatist campaign are sei down in the March issue of Political Affairs, exactly along the line of Stalin’s statement. It may be ob jected, at first blush, that the Po litical Affairs article preceded Stalin’s declaration. But it must be understood that what the Soviet dictator said was only the climax to a whole series of similar statements in the Comtn form organ—some of them quot ing Stalin as the authority for the effort to undermine morale in the free world. What Stalin’s statement did was to give added spur to The Daily Worker and other Com inunist sheets which spread out their propaganda to the commun ity through concealed Commun ists. It brought the necessity for the Red drive against the peo pie’s morale to a new head. And the response, as 1 have stated, was immediate. The March issue of Political Affairs is particularly worth not ing because of the emphasis it puts on defeatism as a Red tac tic. It is not content with one article on this subject, but two! The first of these is the work of Alexander Bittelman, Soviet subject and chief theoretician of the Communist Party in the Unit ed States. The other is by a writ er going under the name of John Swift. Both stress heavily the burdens of the defense program on the people. Both place the blame for this state of affairs solely on “the American Wall Street warmongers.” And both count upon the “failures” that have come out of American ap peasement and vacillation in for eign policy to cast doubt on whether this country can do anything to defend itself. Swift puts it neatly: “In the Even if the inquiry gets no where in this Congress, the radio and television industries are not “out of the woods.” Both media are wonderful as inventions, but they are not consistently won derful as entertainment. More than the “temperance people” are interested, especial ly in TV. which comes so inti mately into homes. Mothers in several parts of the country have banded together to make some of the most interesting and impres sive surveys of radio and TV program content yet conducted. If they were to appear before Congress, presenting the facts and figures they gave up pre cious time to paintstakingly as semble, it would not be possible to “laugh them off.” Even to try it might be disastrous. United States, the warmongers are still having their own way in great measure, but their failures tn foreign policy in both Asia and Europe and the mounting burdens of the war economy are creating a growing doubt and di vision in the ranks of the peo ple and even in capitalist cir cles.” Offset Defeatism Thus, our own hesitancy to take a strong stand against Sovi et aggression is turned against us. Since the Communist direc tive-giver states events as occur ring in order to make them oc cur, the statement about ‘‘doubt and division” is a clear order to the comrades, open and conceal ed. to achieve that result. This is made doubly evident when Swift follows up this state ment with another to the effect that the success of “the war mongers" to date has been due to “the Big Lie that the Soviet Un ion was the aggressor.” He de clares that “conditions are rapid ly multiplying for undermining and destroying these illusions.” Thereupon he states that it is “our Party’s great responsibili ty” to help bring the American people to an understanding that the defense program must be op posed. If this advice were to remain cooped up in Communist circles, it would be bad enough, for it would encourage every device at sabotage of the defense effort that the Reds can command. But experience teaches us that such counsels go farther—out into the non-Communist press in one form or another. Be prepared, therefore, to meet and offtet defeatism, just as you must be prepared to halt appeasement of Soviet aggression. INQUIRY CORNER I ■4 IM?- v-r ers feel, if they believe—as some have said—that the opposition is limited to certain categories. As one paper put it, the hearings so far show that the Women’s Chris tian Temperance Union, the Na tional Temperance League and the American Temperance Soci ety constitute the principal crit ics of radio and TV programs. It is true that the witnesses at hearings so far have more or less concentrated on opposition to beer advertisements (beercasting, they called it) on these two media of entertainment. This does not seem to alarm the two industries too much, because they can point to the fact that they refuse “hard liquor” ads. Why Do Catholics Say Shorter “Our Father" Q. Why do Catholics omit the last part of the Lord's Prayer: “For thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory for ever. Amen”? An ancient prayer ending, something like the doxology (Glory be) the prayer cited was added by some copyist in the early centuries. St. Jerome re jected it as part of. the Lord’s Prayer as did the authors of the Revised Version of the King James Bible in 1881. Catholics say the Our Father as Christ Himself taught it to the Apos tles. There is no need to make it a subject of controversy as all reputable scholars now consider it an addition in some copies of the New Testament. Q. Why are not all prayers answered? Did not Christ prom ise that they would be (John 14:13)? Just as a child may ask for things that are not good for him so we often make requests that are not for our true welfare. Even such prayers are answered, for God always listens. If we pray humbly and perseveringly (Mat thew 15:22, Luke 11:5) for spirit ual blessings God will always an swer directly for our benefit. If we ask for God’s graces for oth ers the effectiveness of such prayers may be hindered by the lack of cooperation of the per son for whom we pray. Usually the problem rises when we ask for temporal favors, such as health or success in some ven ture. Christ taught us how to pray in such matters when he prayed: “My Father, if it be pos sible, let this chalice pass from Me. Nevertheless not as I will, but as Thou wilt.” (Matthew 26:39). I Q. What is the difference be tween Plenary and Partial Indul gences? A. After true sorrow for sin and confession there remains reparation to God for forgiven sin. The temporal punishment due to sin, illustrated in the story of David who was punish ed after his repentance and for giveness, must be removed. Par tial Indulgences, usually attach ed to prayers, removes part of the temporal punishment, indi cated by the comparison to early Christian penances (e.g. 300 days, 7 years, etc.). Plenary Indulgenc es, requiring reception.of Holy Communion and prayers for the intentions of the Holy Father, can remove all the temporal pun ishment due to sin. If a person’s disposition is perfect a Plenary Indulgence would mean immedi ate entry into heaven for the person gaining it. Q. How are the sacramentals different from pagan supersti GRETTA PALMER As America Goes The world pop ulation is nearly two and a half billion people. The temporal fate of all of them will be largely decided by the actions of thirty -three i 11 ion men and women. If you are mathematically-minded, you may say that every Ameri can Catholic carries at least some responsibility for the fu ture of seventy-two and one-half persons he has never seen. This odd fact is illustrated by an address given by Louis F. Bu denz, convert and former Com munist, in which he said: “Com munism has won its victories in the United States, not in the countries it has conquered Poland was betrayed in Wash ington, through the counsels of Alger Hiss. Harry Hopkins and others of their ilk. China was lost in Washington through the counsels of Qwen Lattimore, the so called Far East expert, and a host of others in the govern ment who went along with his thinking.” The richest indeed almost the only rich country in the present world has much the au thority of a multimillionaire sur rounded by a host of poor rela tions. none of whom can support himself without his help. What such a man decides will always get a respectful hearing from those around him. What such a country decides will, in view of Point Four and other hoped-for favors, influence the political thinking of most of the countries of the world. The fate of Greece is less apt to be determined in Athens than in Washington the lives of millions of Asiatics and Europeans and residents of Af rica are being formed in a cap ital the name of which many of them cannot even pronounce. As America goes, so goes a very large segment of the modern world. Uniqu* Sophistication The Catholic American is also aware of other facts, in his unique sophistication. He knows that effects resemble their caus es, and that a bad philosophy will never lead to a virtuous re sult. This fact would come as startling news to many politicians who believl that it does not mat ter what a dictator believes, so long as he is on bad terms with tious practices? A. Superstition means blind belief in the power of an action or a thing which has not real power. The sacramentals, such as the sign of the cross or holy water, are not considered magic. Catholics know that they have their power from Christ through the Church. As a great Catholic writer states: “When the Catho lic uses Holy Water, or makes the sign of the Cross on the forehead of one he loves, or fix es on his wall blessed palms and blessed flowers, his action signi fies a devout communion with the prayer of the whole Church, that God may help him in all his needs.” By ^his means the whole activity Af the Catholic in all its aspects is directed toward heaven—by visible things to things invisible. It is true that abuses are possible and that the sacramentals may be degraded into magical charms. Wherever there are men there will be abus es. but we should judge a good thing by itself, not by its abuse. Q. Who is the patron saint of youth? A. In 1926 Pope Pius XI nam ed St. Aloysius Gonzaga as pa tron of youth. St. Aloysius (1568 1591), rejecting a life in the ar my of his father, took up a place in the army of Christ. Growing up the rough life of an army camp and the intrigues of court life he showed young people a sublime example in overcoming environment. “I am a piece of twisted iron,” he said, “and I entered religion to get twisted straight.” At the age of seven teen he entered the Society of Jesus, and died six years later. Like St. Therese he proved that length of life is not as important as way of life. His feast day is June 21st. Q. Does the Catholic Church allow hypnotic treatment for the curing of disease? A. Today the exaggerated claims of some earlier propon ents of hypnotic treatment have been moderated, and in the hands of a reliable person it is often useful. There were some theologians who condemned it, but the Holy Office said in 1840 that it “is not morally forbid den,. provided it does not tend to an illicit end .” Again in 1899 it was stated that “it was permissible, provided there was no danger of superstition or scandal.” It has elements of sen sationalism in it and certain def inite dangers accompany its use, but under medical supervision it may be used. Send questions to Inquiry Cor-. ner, The Catholic Times, Box 636, Columbus 16, Ohio. Moscow. Any Catholic college student knows that Communism, under any ruler and in any cli mate, will inevitably result in the concentration camp and the purge. The first page of his books on causology have made the issue clear. But the world would, today, be a far happier place if that simple fact had been known to the men who guided our government through out the past decade. The Catholic American knows that man is a composite of body and soul, and that the soul is far too lofty a thing to be suscep tible to the clumsy calipers of scientific measurement. He knows therefore, that all the efforts to streamline mankind from without are doomed to fail. The heady hope that the world can be stabilized by education alone is not for him: he knows that sociologists will never achieve any end worth mention ing so long as they work on the environment alone and negect the enormous fact of man’s free will. No Compass To Guido Thom The Catholic American is also aware of the almost-forgotten fact that societies can ftburish under any one of several types of secular government: it is not essential, for the peace of the world, that every country shall set up a Constitution resembling our own or elect a Congress di vided into a Senate and a House. To the Catholic American, there is nothing disreputable about a monarchy, or even a Maharajah —if he behaves himself. For the Catholic American is not provin cial—he belongs to a Univer sal Church which has rubbed along comfortably with many types of government. The Catholic American, almost without realizing it. thinks clear ly in areas where the vast ma jority of his countrymen are bound to be confused. He has the vast advantage of dogma to guide him but the liberals and the agnostics, who have thrown all first principles overboard, have no such compasses to guide their thought. America needs the clear thinking of almost the only group of her children who are able, today, to refer all temporal quesions back to basic verities —especially to the Basic Verity of God. The world, too. needs the Catholic American. It needs him just seventy-two and a half times as much as it needs any other individual today.