The Catholic times. [volume], November 27, 1953, Image 4

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k—THE CATHOLIC TIMES
Friday. November 27. 1953
THE
CATHOLIC TIMES
Published Every Week by
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Phooey, Professor!
In a recent issue of the New York Tunes Magazine
an article, entirely amazing, was carried written by
Henry Steele Commager, professor of History at
Columbia University.
The Professor is decrying the present "Witch
Hunts” referring to the present investigations into
the Communistic affiliations of a number of Amer
ican citizens. He makes a loud clamor about “guilt
by association” and sounds for all the world like
some one who either recently vias or is about to
be summoned before such a committee himself.
His main thesis is that no one should be held
suspect or condemned because he belongs to, or
lends his name in support of, an organization that
is known to be Communistic. We say his main thesis,
because he artfully states that no one should be
condemned because he once belonged to or gave
support by such an organization. Since we all could
agree pretty much with that, it looks like the Pro
fessor would have us agree in the same breath
with his other statement.
That is precisely what makes the Professor’s ar
guments dangerous. Some of the things he states are
truths with which we all would agree. Mixed in with
them, salad-fashion, are many that we could not.
To cite just one. Guilt by association is wrong,
says Mr. Commager and proof of this he trots
forth a number of reasons one of which is the
following:
He says this doctrine is wrong because it is “neither
possible or desirable that we engage in a check
of the membership, past as well as present, of all
organizations to which we belong or which we are
asked to join.”
That is a pernicious Conclusion. For sake of ar
gument, Why shouldn’t it be possible or at least
desirable to check the membership of the organiza
tion we join or to which we lend our name in sup
port?
And even granting this assertion, it seems to us
that the Professor is confusing something and pur
posely. Whether or not we can check the member
ship. past and present, of the organization in no
way means that we cannot check the aims and mo
tives or the organization itself. And this is both
possible and desirable.
To confuse the membership of the organization
with its avowed purpose is to confuse two utterly
different things. It is not primarily because some
undesirable characters belong to an organization
that makes it bad. It is the motives of the organiza
tion itself that color the members.
One other thing, among lhe many. This boy says
that if the membership of "subversives in an or
ganization is enough to persuade us to drop our
membership,” then, “all that the Communists need
to do to destroy any society is to join it.”
This is one of the finest examples of a truism
that we have ever read. That is exactly what the
Communists are doing. They arc infiltrating the gov
ernment, our schools and every possible place where
they can make inroads with the sole intention of
destroying what they have joined. Their expulsion
from our midst is the very reason for the investi
gations.
The lending of one’s good name to an organiza
tion about which nothing or little is known is to live
a dangerous lie. ft leads the unwary to think that
the organization itself is as upright and honest as
the person seems who support* it. This is not so and
is utterly ridiculous.
No guilt by association? Let’a all run out and
join the Chinese Bandits or let the American Society
for the Advancement of Brothel keeping put our
names on its letter heads.
Phoocy, Professor!
A Strange Doctrine?
The front page announcement from the Vatican
carried In this edition of Catholic Times concerning
the special indulgences that may be gained during
the Marian Year, while a great source of joy to
Catholics, will most certainly be the occasion for
tongue-clacking by those who do not understand
the doctrine of indulgences,
This matter of indulgences has long been mis
understood and decried by well meaning but grossly
misinformed persons. The recent movie "Martin
Luther” has surely added to, and confirmed in the
minds of many, the prevalent misinformation con
cerning this doctrine of the Church.
To these many people the present announcement
will mean either extended "privileges” for ath
dies to commit sins or various means Catholics may
use to have themselves declared “not guilty” of sin.
We should take the many opportunities that
will undoubt“dly be forthcoming during this year of
explaining to our non-Catholic friends the true
meaning of just what an indulgence is. A session
with "Junior’s” catechism might be just the thing
to help prepare for a quick and clear exposition to
the inquirer.
An indulgence, this wonderful little book tells
us, is the remission in whole (plenaiy) or in part
(partial) of the temporal punishment due to sin. It
Is in no way a permission to commit sin. It is not
the forgiveness of the guilt of the sin. It is the
application of tl.e infinite merits of Christ and of
the saints to pay the debt of punishment due to a
person’s sin.
An example might help. Say a person has been
arrested for parking his car next to a fire
plug, and the judge levies a ten dollar fine
against htjn. That fine must be paid
Now suppose a friend comes along and says:
“Joe, in view of the services you have done for
me lately, I'm going to pay your fine.” Is there
anything wrong in that?
Does the paying of Joe's fine by his friend give
Joe the permission to go out and park in front nf a
fire plug any time he takes the notion? Or does
it imply that Joe was never guilty in the first
place? Nothing of the sort. So too with indulgences.
The word "indulgence' ’is derived from the Isatin
word "mdulgeo” which in classical l*atin meant
to be kind or tender. In post-classical I-atin the term
meant the remission of a debt. Both meanings are
•till retained in our use of the word.
Everyone agrees that God can and does forgive
tin Why should it he thought odd if He chooses
to pay for us the debt connected with the sin?
When the Church grants an indulgence, using
i
the power given to her by Christ of distributing
the infinite merits of His passion and death, she
is not granting automatic "blanket” forgiveness
to all the faithful. Each individual has to gain the
indulgence by performing the works prescribed
by the Church:
He must be in the state of grace and sorry for
his sins, he must wash to gain the indulgence and
must perform the good work enjoined by the Church
usually in the form of prayers, the giving of alms,
visits to a church or something of that nature. In
the case of plenary indulgences, he must usually also
go to Confession and Holy Communion within eight
days of performing the required work, visit a
church and while there pray for the intention of
the Pope.
Indulgences may be gained for one’s self or ap
plied to one or more of the souls in purgatory.
We should all make ourselves entirely familiar
with these wonderful opportunities that are being
offered during the Marian year. And we should
be ready and able to explain the doctrine of indul
gences to those who regard it as false and repre
hensible.
Just Among Ourselves
Passing Common* Considered er Inconsiderate
Amid the turmoil of public and political doings
and sayings, it is a wise thing to imitate Bre’r Fox
and "lay low.” It is easy to have strong preferences
without having clear reasons for them. In most
worldly things that call for speech and action, hu
man beings are less likely to be led by indisputable
truth than by the taste about which there is no
disputing. It is common, in affairs where clear
certitude is not available, to be ardent, nay to be
partisan. One tends to “give heart and hand to this
vote,” without giving much of the head to it.
Of course, we speak oi the ordinary folk whose
political information is gathered from those edu
cational agencies which make our country great,
or at least noisily interested in greatness: newspa
pers, reviews, radio, and the tired man's mentor,
TV. We do not speak of the politicians who have
their own plans and purposes as well as their own
formularies of speech, and are a kind of race apart.
Of politicians’ activities. Bill Nye speaks with
more than humor in his fictional “Diary of John
Adams.” He has Adams, contemplating entry into
political action, set down the following note in his
diary. “I have never done anything in the states
man’s line, but it does not look difficult to me. It
occurs to me that success in public life is the result
of a union of several great primary elements, to
wit: first, ability to whoop in a felicitous manner
second, promptness in improving the proper mo
ment in which to whoop third, ready and correct
decision in the matter of which side to whoop on
fourth, ability to cork up the whoop at the proper
moment and keep it in a enol place till needed.”
Certainly, the whoopers have been at it of late,
whether felicitously or not is difficult to judge.
The plain citizen does well to keep his own whoop
corked up and preserved in a cool place until he
knows all the facts needed to give a complete an
swer to that classic question, "What’s all the whoop
ing about?”
The human mind Is made for truth, and it can
never be satisfied without it. But there are wide
areas of human interest in which full truth is not
available. In these areas, intelligent opinion is the
best the mind can have, and it must serve. The
thing to remember is that opinion must be intel
ligent, that is, it must haie good, solid, and prudent
reasons back of it. Partisanship, strong feeling, self
interest, personal and local loyalties, can seldom be
honestly viewed as good and prudent reasons for
holding an opinion. Opinion is not intelligent by
reason of these things.
In matters political, honest statesmen are doing
the best they can. Policy is a general matter which
inevitably brings along with it much that is par
ticular and detailed. And in these points of detail,
there is always the murk and haze of uncertainty.
A leader may know his main objective clearly
enough, as a traveller on foot may clearly know
the city or town he wishes to reach. But paths to the
objective, like trails that lead through forest, fen,
and plain, are sometimes a maze and a criss-cross,
and sometimes they wind blindly through mist and
fog. Mistakes are inevitable.
When a mistake has been made, it is surely better
to strive to correct it than to waste time and energy
in whooping adversary against its perpetrator as
a man “who did it on purpose.” The journey to the
goal is not furthered one inch, hut is merely de
layed, by indulging in hot vituperation leveled
against the guide that led the travellers astray.
This is time and energy lost, and doubly’ lost if there be
some question as to whether the travelers have been
really led astray, or significantly led astray.
Matters public and political are. as we say, in the
field of opinion, where the necessary thirst of the
mind for truth must be slaked by such waters as are
at hand, and these are the muddled waters of prob
ability, not the clear waters of certitude.
It is calamitious, however, to consider that, be
cause probability is the best thing the mind can
achieve in many things, that it is the only thing
achievable in everything. There is a wide field where
opinion is indeed the best the mind can attain. But
there are other areas in which certitude is available,
and in these mere opinion is not worth a straw.
The man who must get along with what seems
the solidcst opinion in the field of politics or prac
tical policy, is surely not content to get along with
opinion in the field of mathematics. He does not
want the grocer’s opinion on the amount of the bill
to be paid. He cares not a hang what the grocer
thinks on that subject. He wants the plain, discern
ible, certitude that is available in the case.
The patient is willing to let the experienced
physician treat him according to the latter’s sup
posedly enlightened opinion: that’s the best he can
do. But the patient doesn’t want the physcan’s
opinion as to whether health is desirable or life
worth saving. Opinion has no place where certitude
can be had.
Now. there are millions of people, bemused
by the fact that opinion plays so prominent a part
in practical life, who adopt the conviction that
opinion is the best that a man can have about the
value and purpose of his everlasting soul. People
who hold with certainty that temporal life is worth
saving, are in some doubt about whether its eternal
issues are worth bothering about. They notice that
lots of their seemingly estimable neighbors ignore
the matter of God. religion, and the hereafter. They
apprehend (hat the theory of indifference in this
case is the popular opinion. And they adopt that
opinion. Now, this is the ultimate insanity.
A man may not be able to know for sure what
political party has the best scheme for serving the
interests of the country. But he has got to be sure
what church is the one true church in which God
wants him to be. and according to whose doctrines
God wants him to live. He can be sure. The thing
may take effort, and demand agonizing sacrifice,
but a man can find certainty. And therefore opinion
in the case is worse than useless.
Advent:
WASHINGTON LETTER
A Step In
WASHING ION The rela
tionship between Germany and
Poland is one of the most im
portant—and most difficult—is
sues involved in all plans for
Europe’s political, cultural and
economic reconstruction. This
has long been clear to all seri
ous students of the problem who
look beyond lhe days headlines
and are aware of the often tragic
tacts of history- that have shap
ed lhe relations between these
two neighboring countries.
The problem is of particular
interest to Catholics in view of
the fact that Poland today is a
practically one hundred per cent
Catholic country and that mil
lions of German Catholics, exil
ed after the war from their
homeland, yearn to return to
their towns and villages that are
today under Polish administra
tion.
There are deep, and under
standable. resentments on both
sides. Polish Catholics and it
must always be remembered that
Polish Catholicism is inseparable
from Polish national conscious
ness harbor bitter memories
of the unspeakable cruelties in
flicted upon their country by Hit
ler’s armies. In the name of
justice, they demand reparation.
German Catholics as a whole,
and those exiled from the East
in particular, are determined
MONSIGNOR HIGGINS
The Guaranteed Annual Wage
is standing by in the wings ready
to take the center of the collec
tive bargaining stage as soon as
contract nego
tiations are op
ened up again
in the auto,
steel, and elec
trical manufac
turing indus
tries. The CIO
unions in these
three bellweth
er industries
have publicly
announced that
the GAW is their next major ob
jective. There is every reason to
believe that they mean business
and are not merely using the
GAW as a talking point.
Their GAW propaganda up to
this point has been couched in
generalities, but it is well known
that their research people are
now putting the finishing touch
es on detailed proposals which
will be publicly unveiled within
the near future. The publication
of these proposals, which are be
ing worked out with the profes
sional advice of some of the best
economists in the United States,
will mark the official opening of
what promises to be one of the
most important chapters in the
history of collective bargaining
in the United States.
The long-range importance and
far reaching implications of this
concerted drive for the Guaran
teed Annual Wage are clearly
recognized by the business com
munity and are now being seri
ously discussed in business-spon
sored publications. A counter
offensive against the CIO’s forth
coming proposals has already
been launched, with the U S.
Chamber of Commerce supply
ing much of the ammunition a
new booklet.
IFay
1 r'j
It is equally a fact that, on
the German side, bitterness aris
ing from the post-war expulsions
and arbitrary boundary regula
tions has sometimes overshadow
ed the awareness of the grave
wrongs done to Poland and the
obligation to make reparation
for them.
Catholics of other countries
have long watched with deep
concern this seemingly irrepar
able acrimony between their
Polish and German fellow-Catho-
Guaranteed Annual Wage
On The Defensive
On second thought, “counter
offensive” is probably not the
correct word to characterize the
strategy of the Chamber of Com
merce. The of is very much
on the defensive. This is most
unfortunate, in our opinion, for
the Guaranteed Annual Wage
can never be achieved on a broad
scale—without excessive govern
mental intervention—unless and
until American industry becomes
enthusiastic about the idea.
As far back as 1947 when the
CIO first began to talk about the
GAW as a possible goal of col
lective bargaining, a professor
at Harvard University’s Graduate
School of Business Administra
tion an institution which is
highly respected and to a large
extent supported by the business
community pointedly warned
the leaders of American indus
try that they would have to
change their attitude towards the
Guaranteed Annual Wage. Some
employers, Professor Joseph Sni
der pointed out a book en
titled "The Guarantee of Work
and Wages,” shy away from the
Guaranteed Annual Wage alto
gether. This, he says, is "an
ostrich-like attitude. Employers
cannot hide from something
which is already here.”
Professor Snider concludes that
a mental readjustment is requir
ed on lhe part of American in
dustrialists. The average employ
er, he says, will have to develop
a firm conviction that he must
do everything possible to in
crease the stability of employ
ment and the regularity of wag
es.
Individual Efforts
Professor Snider’s advice is be
ing followed by the Chamber of
Commerce—up to a point. The
of in its policy statement
on the Guaranteed Annual Wage
To Bethlehem
1 he Right Direction
never to accept the banishment
of millions of people from their
homeland where they and their
forebears had lived for many
hundreds of years. They also con
sider themselves victims of an
injustice that cries for remedy.
It is, perhaps, understandable
if- -on both sides—some harsh
words have been spoken. It is
not the first time in history that
the commandments of Christian
charity and love of neighbor
have come into conflict with
emotions stirred up by racial and
national consciousness.
It is a fact that, on the Polish
side, these ancient and new re
sentments toward the western
neighbor continue to exist—
quite apart from the people’s an
tipathy toward the communist
regime holding Poland in bond
age today.
lics. They have been searching
for ways and means to build a
bridge and to create an atmos
phere of mutual understanding
and forebearance. But they have
also been aware of the delicate
and sensitive nature of the prob
lem and the dangers involved in
any unwelcome interference by
outsiders.
They welcome, therefore, all
the more a move made by one
of Germany’s two Cardinals
which may well serve to show
the way out of an impasse and
help German as well as Polish
Catholics to come together.
When His Eminence Josef Car
dinal Frings, Archbishop of Co
logne, frankly acknowledged that
Germany bears a full share of
responsibility for centuries of
oppression suffered by Poland,
when he admitted that "we can
not speak about the Polish ques
tion without experiencing a sense
of deep shame and without si
lently asking pardon for all the
wrongs done to the Polish peo
ple,” he voiced a thought that
cannot fail to meet with a grate
ful response in Poland.
Nothing could have served bet
ter to convince Poland’s Catho
lics of the genuine sympathy of
fered by German Catholics in
dark days of persecution than
the words of Germany's ranking
Cardinal.
(“The Economics of the Guaran
teed Wage”), goes out of its way
to encourage individual Ameri
can employers to increase the
stability of employment and the
regularity of wages.
“All such efforts,” the of C’s
new booklet states, “are rich in
reward to the workers, to the
community, and to the employ
er.”
This is sound advice as far as
it goes. Individual initiative on
the part of individual employers
in their own plants or companies
is highly commendable, but it
will have to be supplemented by
industry-wide agreements arriv
ed at jointly by labor and man
agement.
"If one company or even one
industry cannot act alone,” the
CIO concluded in a 1947 policy
statement on the GAW, "labor
management councils on an in
dustry-wide or interindustry ba
sis should tackle the problem.”
To leave the impression—as
the of booklet does—that
there is something sinister about
this proposal is very unfair.
There is nothing sinister about it
at all. It is just plain ordinary
horse sense—and it is thorough
ly in accord with Catholic social
teaching.
The CIO does not have—and
does not pretend to have—all
the answers on the subject of
the Guaranteed Annual Wage.
The subject is admittedly very
complicated. All the more rea
son. then, for management to
study it jointly with the unions
in labor-management councils at
the industry as well as the com
pany level. Let us hope that the
Chamber of Commerce and other
employer organizations will
throw their support behind this
very logical and very sensible
approach to the GAW before it
is too late.
INQUIRY CORNER
How Did Pharisees
Gain Such Power?
Q. Who were the Pharisees?
How did they get such power
among the Jews? They are not
mentioned among the priests
and levites in the earlier books
of the Bible, are they?
A. The Pharisees and Sad
ducees constituted the two lead
ing factions of the Jewish people
at the time of Christ. Rising af
ter the Babylonian Captivity,
they both claimed to preserve
the pure Jewish religious tradi
tion. The Sadducees based every
thing on the Torah alone while
the Pharisees insisted upon the
Torah and Talmudic tradition.
The Torah was the written law’
of Moses (Old Testament). In
practice the Sadducees were pop
ular with the nobility and gov
erning classes, while the Phar
isees (the separated ones—He
brew) drew their support from
the people, who admired their
zeal for Jewish customs. Neither
party was directly connected
with politics nor with the Jewish
priesthood, but the influence of
the Pharisees was predominant
at the time of Christ. (See Chap
ter V of "The Life of Christ”
—Ricciotti)
Q. What is a miracle? How
can we tell a real one from one
claimed by various sects and by
fanatical individuals? I have
heard of a woman here in Ohio
who cures people.
A. A miracle is an extraordi
nary event which is sensible (i.e.
evident to the five senses) and
divine. The supernatural change
of bread and wine in the Holy
Eucharist is not called a miracle
because it is the ordinary way
that God established and it (i.e.
the change) is not apparent to
the senses. At Lourdes the mir
acles are examined by men using
scientific methods. At the med
ical bureau there distinguished
medical men examine the afflict
ed and only if they agree that
the person is incurable is the
name entered. Of these only a
few are cured and they are
brought immediately to the same
bureau and again there must be
agreement that they are Vuly
cured. There is also further in
vestigation later to prove that
they stay cured. The miracles
required for canonization of a
saint are likewise investigated
with great care. Miracles not so
carefully studied are to be treat
ed with caution. No miracle can
be worked by or for any church
but the Catholic Church, other
wise God would be approving
the sect. Miracles can happen to
non-Catholics or non-Christians
in general (e.g. at Lourdes) but
they cannot perform miracles.
Q. In an article I read recent
ly the author states that the
prevailing religions in India are
LOL LS F. BUDENZ
Preparing
Those communist discussions
about penetrating the major po
litical parties, which we have
been following in Political Af
fairs, have
now come to a
head. At a "na
tional con e r
ence” of the
Soviet fifth col
umn, the offi
cial report of
which is now
being circulat
ed in pamphlet
form, steps
were taken to
strengthen this
Red plan. The
communists have their eyes on
the 1954 Congressional elections,
and their set purpose (as franl^y
explained in this report) is to
defeat every "McCarthyite-Mc
Carranite candidate” for the Sen
ate and the House of Representa
tives. To put it bluntly, the
Reds are gunning for the politi
cal scalp of anyone who stands
for curbing their conspiracy.
V
a
What every American should
know is that this maneuver will
not be carried out under the
communist banner. It will be
achieved by the use of the “re
serves,” those forces and figures
to whom Stalin referred as be
ing susceptible to concealed com
munist pressure. In other words,
the Stalinites are preparing to
whip up such sentiment against
“McCarthyism-McCarranism” in
trade unions, women’s clubs,
community organizations, and ev
en among certain industrialists
as to frighten candidates for pub
lic office into what virtually will
be a pro-communist position.
Aid To Reds
Scarcely had the plans to this
effect been put out in printed
form than aid to the Reds de
veloped from what would nor
mally be a peculiar quarter. Dr.
John A. Mackay of Princeton
Theological Seminary and for the
moment Moderator of the Pres
byterian Church, issued a lengthy
statement in early November,
which received a big play in the
New York Times. Coincidental
ly, it was also given a large dis
play in the Daily Worker
which commended it w armly. Drt,
Mackay pleads for two mam
ideas: personal negotiations be
tween President Eisenhower and
the Soviet dictator, G. M. Malenr
kov, and a virtual ending of Con
gressional inquiries. In both of
these pleas, he gives succor to
the two chief aims of the current
communist line.
Anyone at all remotely famil
iar with communist strategy at
this period of history would know
Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam.
What do these religions teach?
A. Hinduism, according to the
Catholic Encyclopedia, includes
a number of sects (Vishnuism,
Shivaism, etc.) attached to Brah
manism. Brahma is the pantheis
tic deity, whose worship can in
clude worship of nature and ev
en of demons. It is a national ra
ther than a world religion, num
bering more than 200,000,000 fol
lowers and noted especially for
the caste system and intricate
social pattern. Buddhism is the
religious and monastic system
established about 500 B. C. by a
Biahmanistic prince named
Buddha. It denies much of Brah
manism, including the caste sys
tem. and has as its goal Nirvana,
eternal unconscious repose
Islam is another name for Mo
ll a mm cd anism, the religion
founded by Mohammed in 632
A.D. It is a combination of Arab
ian heathenism, Judaism and
Christianity, with great stress
laid upon Paradise as a place of
sensuous delights.
Q. A Catholic wonian and a
divorced man were married by
the justice of the peace and an
effort was made to straighten
out this marriage, but without
success. If this couple, now
middle-aged, do not live as man
and wife can the Catholic party
receive the Sacraments of Pen
ance and Holy Communion?
A. Any question involving a
return to the Sacraments after
marriage outside the Church
must be submitted to the Bishop.
It is for the Bishop of the di
ocese to decide whether and un
der what circumstances the per
son should receive the Sacra
ments. Ordinarily all such ques
tions are to be presented to the
pastor of the place who will see
that they are presented to the
Bishop and to the Diocesan
Matrimonial Tribunal (if it is
judged necessary).
Q. Should the priest be called
if a person dies suddenly and is
apparently dead when discovered
by the family?
A. Yes. w When in doubt it is
better tq call the priest and let
him decide. He can give absolu
tion and Extreme Unction even
after the person is apparently
dead. No one can tell exactly
w'hen the soul leaves the body
and the Sacraments of Penance
and Extreme Unction can be ad
ministered conditionally even
some time after apparent death.
Some theologians say that two
hours or more could be accept
able, especially in case of sudden
death.
Send questions to Father Ed
ward F. Healey, The Inquiry
Comer, The Catholic Times, Box
636, Columbus (16) Ohio.
For 1954
that the proposal for personal
negotiations, or any other kind
of general negotiations, between
the American President and the
dictator in the Kremlin, is a
trap into which the United States
should not walk. For Moscow
and all its followers, this is the
period of “world revolution,”
proclaimed as such by Stalin
the Foundations of Leninism.
It is at this time that the Soviet
dictatorship is to be used as a
“base” or “fulcrum” for the over
throw of all non-Soviet govern
ments. It is precisely at this
time that, as Stalin says, "the
revolution is spreading beyond
the confines of one country the
period of world revolution has
commenced.” The Kremlin is in
tent, under such an interpreta
tion of history, on one outcome
alone, and that is world con
quest.
Every general conference, ev
ery truce, every gesture at peace
will be used by Moscow to ad
vance world domination.
Anyone Injured?
When Dr. Mackay says that
Congressional committees have
permitted outstanding people
to be injured by the "uncorrob
orated” testimony of former
communists, he is simply stating
an inaccuracy. No one has ever
contended that the uncorroborat
ed testimony of former commun
ists should be accepted, any more
than the uncorroborated testi
mony of the President of the
United States or of a Justice of
the Supreme Court. But the evi
dence given by those few ex-com
munists who are willing to co
operate with the government has
been corroborated to an unusual
degree. This is outstandingly
the case, considering that we are
dealing with a conspiracy.
Unfortunately, Dr. Mackay
seems to be making a special
plea for himself. As the New
York World Telegram and Sun
of November 3 brought out, he
has collaborated with a number
of notorious communist fronts,
including the Joint Anti-Fascist
Refugee Committee and the
Committee for a Democratic Far
Eastern Policy. He has been chid
ed by a noted Protestant clergy
man, Dr. Daniel A. Poling, for
championing recognition of Red
China.
What Dr. Poling has dona, ov
ary American can do although
in a slightly different way: op
pose any general “negotiations”
with the Soviet dictator as bring
ing despair to the peoples under
the satellite regimes—and also
put in a good plug for a contin
uance and extension of Congres
sional investigations.