4- THE CATHOLIC TIMES Friday. June 18. 1954 THE CATHOLIC TIMES Published Ever? Week by The Catholic Tiroes, Inc. Columbus. Ohio NOTICE Send All Changes of Address *n P. O. Box 636 Columbus, Ohio Executive and Editorial Offices' 246 E. Town Street, Columbus 15, Ohio Telephones ADams 5195 ADams 5196 Address all communications for publication to P. O Box 636. Columbus 16, Ohio Price of The Catholic Tun-* u U per »«•. All auhacriptione thouM S* tre»CTted to our office through the pastor* of the Mriehn moue eornm iniraiioni will be 4i*re*arde4 not hold responsible for any o*i s expreeMMl the eoenmiknieations of otir FraneM 4* Sale*. Fatre® af the Cathehe From. This Paper Printed by Union Labor No Place For Christ? No matter how the current hassle between Sen ator McCarthy and the Army comes out, no matter who, if any one, is ever adjudged the final win ner, the professional politician is going to come in for a lot of bad weather. His prestige in the eyes of many has been hurt and the public is using its stock antidote of worn cliches to justify this not very new conclusion: "Well, what can you expect? They're all politicians." This phrase is thrown off as a universal answer to any problem of a political nature It is used to explain mistrust, malfeasance, self-seeking vain glory and the ultimate of the double standard the supposedly trusted public official using hi. office fnr merely personal aggrandizement And this, sad to say, is often believed and taken as "gospel.’’ The words "politician” and "political” have taken on a very cloudy connotation, one that brings along with it the ideas of being above the laws—both God’s and man's. The words now seem to stand for anything tricky and underhanded Sad it is that such should be the case but tn s large extent it is. Sadder yet that everyone takes it for granted and after expressing an initial dis appointment shrugs it off as something that is not only true in the present instance, but as something that must always remain true. Now we are not saying that there is no founda tion for some of this way of thinking. We are not saying either that there is never an occasion for wondering just what is the right thing "politically whether it deals with situations or personalities. What we do say is this: It is the divorcing of re ligion from politics that leads inevitably to the bad situations that we all decry, and secondly, the former statement is not an appeal lor the Church, as an institution, to play a part in politics. There is a vast difference between the "Church W politics and "morality” in politics. The American Hierarchy has never advocated as the Church's enemies have so often charged, that there should be a place for the Church as an organ ization in the political field whether it he on a local or national level Far from it. They’ve leaned over backward* to preserve the present situation guaranteed to all by the Constitution of our conn try What they, and all right thinking individuals have always advocated is the high moral background necessary’ for anyone to be entrusted with public office They must be moral persons and morality’ is based on religion. There is no other source or guide of man as a moral creature than the moral code of Almighty God. A good bit ot very hastily framed generality can usually be taken as false To say that every man engaged in polities is ipso facto unprincipled and a shyster is utterly foolish To say that this is the norm and to he expected from the very nature of politics is even more idiotic. It is only the individual politician who can he held account able for his own actions. It he has di vorced religion and morality from his dealings, then he, and he only, should be condemned And he should. he condemned. The trouble is he and his actions seldom are. Ef fectively, that is "Oh. that s just politics and you know politics is a dirty business,” that A the kind of condemnation such as it is that most of us give. And then we let it go al that. A foregone conclusion. It takes time and energy real toil, to stay on top of the political scene from dav to day It takes dedication A dedication spelled out in time and trouble that too few average citizens are willing to make Before any ot us shrug off the embroiled condi lions surrounding us as hopeless, before we pull out our pat explanation about "politics, etc.", let each one ask himself where he stands on each problem let him ask himseli if he has read the ins and out.- and whether he understands them all. And after this let us see how the men we elected, the men who are speaking our voice, are carrying out our wishes in making our wills an effective part in government If there is in our country today the had effect of having no religion in politics it is, to a large extent because we are not interested enough to see that religion and morality play the part they should Memo Io Parents Despite all the widespread alarm over juvenile delinquency, children of today* are no worse than were their parents, if one can take the word of a representative group of people who should know A reporter sampled opinion among a group of leaching nuns who have taught in both genera tions, and those teaching Sisters were insistent that today's children are at least as good as their parents, if not bettei They admitted that delinquency gets headlines now, that some children fall out of line and that there is ground tor improvement but they did not show the alarm that one who depended for in formation on newspapers might expect. Children today generally were held to be re sponsible, serious, and confident and the Sisters stressed that these children are getting a better education than their parents received the same grades Larger, better-equipped schools and im proved educational methods, they said, have re acted to the benefit of students. Although not unaware of some problems, the Sisters were en thusiastic in their support of today’s pupils. Like many others, the Sisters did point out that parental co-operation is necessary and sometimes is not obtained They agreed generally that chil dren today have to pul up with problems that are new, among them parents who fail to use author ity. mothers who needlessly have jobs nutside the home and parents who give their children “every thing On the whole, though, the picture is much more pleasant than one would expect from a casual glance at the news. Here are women concerned for the moral as well as the spiritual welfare of their pu pils. Parents of children in Catholic schools should feel happy about the Sisters’ views, and some such parents, erring on 1he side of indulgence nr neglect, may find a clue concerning how they can help to im prove conditions even further. Guest Editorial—The Visitor, Providence, W. I. 4 Common Necessities The time for vacations has rolled around again and soon the roads will be clogged with those bent on forgetting for a while their usual mode of daily existence to enjoy a respite from anything that even resembles work. A complete change* from the regular humdrum activity will be sought—and in general—this is a good thing. Some things, however, will not change. They can’t. No matter where one goes he will still have to eat and breathe to keep alive, to he able to enjoy cessation of his work-a-day routine. These absolute necessities for the body must go on. And so too for the soul. There can be no vaca tion from our daily contact with grace or the soul dies. Our constant vigilance, our daily prayer, our attendance at Mass on Sundays and days of precept, our Holy Communions—al! must go on as they did before, or we are in real trouble. Be as careful in planning your vacation for the good of your soul as you are in providing for the good of your body. Just Among Ourselves Passing Comment Considered or Inconsiderate Chesterton once remarked in the course of one of his essays that people are too ready to accept familiar sayings, mottoes, and adages, as the ex pression of unquestionable truth and wisdom. It is the greater wisdom to pause now and then in the uttering of little cljches to examine whether they be really true and valid. Many of us make Poor Richard a far greater master of morals and manners than he has any justified claim to be. Too many who are praiseful of modernity, and who delight in the latest instrument, are smugly content, in realm of mind and morality, with the oldest and rustiest saw. 4 4 4 Take, for example, the old saying that "Where there is smoke there is fire.” This is not even liter ally true, since chemistry has filled the earth with smoky vapors that owe nothing to the primal flame. But even if it were true in the material order, it is not therefore true in the order of human conduct, that is. in the thoughts, words, purposes, and feel ings of mankind At best, the saying is a metaphor, and, to quote another old metaphor,—every such figure nf speech walks with a limp that is to say, its application to actual instances is never more than halting and imperfect in accuracy. How many and many a time has the saying, "Where there is smoke there is fire,” been used to justify slander, calumny, anger, hatred, and all ill will. People who know well how easily a reputation can be ruined by unkindness and idle gossip may still be thoughtless enough to invoke the saying as a basis for uncharitable judgment instead of inves tigating the character and conduct of the unkind and gossip) people who utter the slander. And consider another of the old sayings. "The burned child shuns the fire.” Here again we have figurative language, and the figure halts and limps. In the literal meaning of the phrase we discern truth it is in its metaphorical character that it is mostly false. Searing experience does not prevent the criminal from returning to crime. "A burning forehead and a parching tongue” do not make the inebriate shun the particular fire that has burned him. Even the fiery scars of gross sin cannot be re garded as assurance that the sinner will sin no more II seems, in fact, that the individual who is burned is often eager to try the fire another time 4 4 4 There is the saying that Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn at no other.” It may hr asked all fairness, whether fools or wise men ran learn at any other school than that of exper ience. Certainly, it is possible for a man Io take ad vice, however unusual this may be. and so to shun the disasters that have befallen the adviser. Yet it cannot he said that the person thus wisely guided has learned the lesson that the adviser taught. He has been docile, he has been amenable to guidance. Rut it is safe to assume that in his inmost being he is convinced that he would not have come a crop per as the adviser did. even had he chosen to dis regard the advice. 4 4 4 Indeed bringing together the adages about the burned child and the school of experience, we dis cern a better mode of expressing th? latter saying "Experience keeps a dear school, hut people cannot learn at any other and fools cannot learn at that This statement has not the compact and facile form of Poor Richards saying, hut it has the distinct advantage of being true. Alexander Pope's often quoted lines Know then thyself, presume not God to scan, The proper study of mankind is man leave out nf account the manifest truth that tn study man is tn study the plan upnn which man is made, the purpose nf his being, and the character of his proper conduct. Thus it appears that man, to pursue “the proper study of mankind,” muse be busily engaged in scanning God We contradict Pope s advice by taking it. And tn be sure, it is not Popes advice the Frenchman Pierre Charron said the same thing over 150 years before Pope was born In our own brisk days we have adages that we express in phrases rather than sentences. Consid er the expressions, “the open mind,” "democracy.” tolerance.” "academic freedom.” "freedom of speech” To the unthinking multitude of modern men these words and phrases suggest great human ideals that the ideals are vague, foggy, ill-defined if defined at all. does not prevent the learned and the unlearned alike from accepting them as ideals, and from invoking them as fundamental principles of reasonable attitude and conduct. Add to this fact the readiness of modem people to condemn anything that is merely called undemo cratic or intolerant or the rest. No proof is de manded no evidence is exacted. Say merely that a man has not an open mind, and he is instantly regarded as a "reactionary.” a numskull, a stick-in the-mud. an inconsequential lug. Say that a person is intolerant and you forthwith discredit all he says or stands for. Say that a man is undemocratic, and dark suspicion surrounds him at once Say that a person opposes any of the varieties nf "freedom academic to zoologic and you label him a kind of fiend in human form 4 4 4 Of the older sayings, including the many that express whimsy instead of wisdom it may be said that their authors went to the extent of formulating them in intelligible sentences, and probably had some notion of what the sentences meant. Of the modern ierky terms and phrases, it can only be said that people utter them, invoke them as talis manic formulas, in a kind of mumbo-tumbo If the nld saws need to he examined lest they cut awry, th? new fetish-phrases need to be looked at care fully lest they twist our minds and morals and do irreparable damage to human souk. Mind you, this is not saying that the modern phrases have no good meaning, or that, put into proper form as statements, they would not express valuable truth It is only saying that their current use is bad. For they are almost universally used, not as statements of truth, but as labels. And the labels are as unintelligible to the rank and file as the symbols on a pharmacist’s bottles and canisters, except that when used adversely nearly all of them bear the leering warning of the skull and cross bones. DHIXGTOX LETTER Document WASHINGTON—How "contin uous hostility against the church” has been displayed in commun ist-dominated countries is outlin ed tn a Government document that has marie its appearance here It is stated that this hostility is "sometimes played down for tactical reasons, sometimes in tensified in special drives,” but that "if any inventory were tak en at present” the position of religion would be shown to be trying. It would he seen the doc ument says, that "quite num ber of church officials and cler gymen are still in prison, that church activities are being held to a minimum by regulations, that obviously innocent activities have had to be discontinued, and that the struggle against the church by economic and other means continues.” Part of a report on “Tensions Within the Soviet Captive Coun tries,” this document deals spe cifically with the Soviet zone of Germany. It was issued by the legislative Reference Service of the Library of Congress, at the request of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. It serves to mark the first anniversary, June 17, of the "historic demonstra- LOI IS F. Rf DEM If you were to read the Daily Worker these days, you would be tempted to ruh your eyes in wonderment. That tele graph agent of dir ective for the Re conspiracy i raising to nei heights of str e n y it "charges’ which I gav attention tw weeks ago. For instanci tn its issue June 1, the "This fascist (McCarthyite) con spiracy, with its secret spy rings inside lhe government, with its defiance of all existing constitu tional legality, rose to its pres ent position on the basis of the Big Lie about 'Communist espion age and treason .” organ declares One would think from this effu sion that there had been no Al ger Hiss, no Harry Dexter White, no long line of espionage agents and infiltrators exposed by the score in the reports and hearings of Senate and House Congres sional committees. Sam* Old Story But casting all of these moun tains of evidence aside, the Daily Worker proceeds with that arrogant? typical of Com munist attitudes to sa.v that it is "not the Marxists or the Coin munists w ho seek or advocate the overthrow of the government.” it is those who are trying to halt the Communists who are guilty of such plans and plots, “the pro fascist Right.” We who are familiar with the conspiracy’s phraseology know that any person or group seeking to curb Moscow's designs is "pro fascist.” The phrase and th? charge which accompanies it are I Memo From America Traces Red tions against the Soviet occupa tion in East Berlin and the So viet Zone of Germany,” and mir rors conditions after some nine years of communist domination. They have sought to weaken the churches by curtailing and drying up the theological train ing of clergymen to serve the churches. At the same time, they iJrj,ve interfered with the travel of clergymen to prevent already ordained ministers from helping out in parishes that have been left without. ministers. The communists, the document adds "have bitterly attacked church youth groups. The Reds, it continues, "have tried to cripple the churches by government confiscation of cer tain of their charitable organiza tions, by restricting church pub lications, by impeding religious meetings, and by arresting pas tors on such trumped-up charges as boycott agitation' and 'spread ing rumors endangering the state’.” Speaking of communist "ef forts to appease the churches,” the report says: "Soviet authori ties are aware that the Church in the Soviet Zone of Germany is a source of moral strength for the population and as such, a Weak Spot In Education not made wholly in vain. For the Soviet fifth column counts on the "reserves” and "transmission belts” among the "liberals” to be impressed by such arguments in the mouths of concealed Stibn ites It is the same old story’ over again, a repetition of what took place when the United States was induced zealously to aid Moscow in betraying China and Poland. Pertinent Question A very good understanding of these hopes of the conspirators is found in a leading article in the May issue of Masses and Mainstream Red monthly for lhe so-called intellectuals. Its au thor is Herbert Aptheker. veter an theoretician of Marxist-Len inism, and its title is appropri ately "McCarthism and the lib erals.” The whole purpose of the piece is to instruct the Stahn ites to do all in their power 1o further (he circulation of four books, including "But We Mere Bom Free” by Elmer Davis, and "Freedom, Loyalty, Dissent” by* Henry Steele Commager, profes sor of American history at Co lumbia University. Through the persistent labors of concealed Reds, we shall soon see these books on the shelves of many public libraries and. un doubtedly, presented as assign ed reading in a number of high schools. For the effect of the Aptheker comment a directive to the Reds in the intellectual field—is to praise these works for their "passionately expressed abhorrence for the repressive character of McCarthyism” not to mention its “vulgarity” and "brutality.” Deceit's Chief Victim We have a right and jjood rea son to inquire how it is that in a country such as ours which prides itself on the widespread Hostility menace both to the sovietization process and to the antireligious aspects of communism in gen eral.” As a result, it adds, the Reds have from time to time made "sudden tactical, although not fundamental alterations of policy.” Nevertheless, it shows, the plight of the church is ser ious "The division of Germany has changed the picture of the de nominational distribution of the population the report points out. "In the Soviet Zone about 80 per cent of the population be long to the Evangelical Lutheran Church. About 15 per cent are Roman Catholics. Ln West Ger many only about 50 per cent of the people belong to the Evan gelical Church and about 45 per cent to the Roman Catholic Church. Soviet authorities would like to utilize this situation for political warfare purposes, to play the Protestants in their zone against the Catholics in West Germany, creating tension, suspicion, and increased partisan ship. But. on the other hand, they realize that too much of this de vice would interfere with the 'unity theme’ of Soviet propagan da airfling at a united Germany (Soviet controlled, of course).” education of its citizens, such de ceit can be practiced over and over again. The question becomes more pertinent when observation will reveal that it is precisely educated America which is the chief victim of this deceit. We need not look far for the answer. It is a simple and direct one, namely, that education on the whole has failed the United States seriously its hour of need. It has tailed by permitting the infiltration of Communists and Communist influences into the process of teaching. It has fallen down even more decided ly in its apparent inability to equip the present generation with a knowledge of the chief challenge and evil of our time. Soviet Communism. Need for Analysis It is true that some encour agement is given us by the 32nd Yearbook of the American Association ot School Adminis trators a department of the Na tional Education Association The yearbook opens with two chap ters referring to th? overall dan ger of Communism One of them. "Th? Threat is Total." presents a reasonably impressive outline of the clear and present dan ger from Moscow and its agents. The classroom teacher is told: "Let no child or youth leave school who is ignorant of the aims and methods of tyranny Give him informed access to its literature, arm him against its propaganda After this exhortation, worthy itself, practically nothing is done to implement it. The informed citizen should urge our school administrators to open the way for teachers to study this subject intelligently, so that they can analyze Com mumsm and its operations as a scientist would analyze a poison. Inquiry Corner Q. Did the Church ever forbid free use of the Bible? A. Never. Just as the Jaws of our country can forbid circula tion of spurious copies of our Constitution or our laws without earning the reputation of destroy ing freedom of speech, so should the laws of the Church. Catholics, except for specialists who havte proper preparation and reason, may not read any but authentic accurate copies of the Bible. For centuries the Catholic Church was the only teacher of The Bible and the priests and monks of the Church copied and passed on copies of it. For Ca tholics however lhe words of the Bible ieg. Matthew 27:19-20) mean the Church comes first, for Christ gave the Apostles pow er to preach and teach. The first writing of the New Testament came tw’enty years after the death of Christ if the Bible alone were the basis of faith the first Christians were not Christians! The Catholic who does not read and love the Bible ignores the constant teaching of the Church which has always ad vocated and blessed its use and insisted upon it as the word of God. Q. I am enclosing a leaflet which offers SI500 reward for anyone who can produce a text of Scripture proving various Ca tholic doctrines. It claims that this leaflet has been widely dis tributed for twenty-eight years and no one has ever collected. A. At the end of the leaflet a part of the ancient Protestant be lief is stated: "The Holy Scrip tures are the only infallible source of truth and the only and absolute rule of faith.” Where can that be proved in the Scriptures? Many of the State ments are old worn out ques tions which have been thorough ly answered and can be answer ed by any Catholic high-school student e g. "a text of Scripture to prove that priests can forgive sins.” (John 20:19-23) Some are amusing such as "a text of Scrip ture to sanction the baptism or blessing of bells.” What Scrip ture text sanctions the use of a wedding ring? We do not pre tend to take every ceremonial bodily from the Scriptures. The learned author of the "bold” leaflet fails to mention the judg es who are to decide w*ho shall collect Can you guess? Anoth er howler: "a text ot Scriptures to prove that Christ 'did not be lieve in freedom of conscience MOXS1GXOR HIGGIM This column discussed recent ly the controversial subject of economic co-determination or co management from several dif ferent angles, but always from lhe theo retical point of view. Certain more or less definite con clusions were arrived at but purposely stat ed in general e o e i cal terms. We have been up tn the rare fied at mosphere of social philosophy. No examples have been cited, no reference has been made to specific situations in the field of labor-management relations. This does not mean, however, that the subject of co-determin ation or co-management is pure ly academic in the United States. On the contrary, there are a number of situations in Ameri can industry w hich might profit ably be examined in the light of the theoretical principles and conclusions summarized in pre vious releases of this column. The subject is a very practical one indeed. The most dramatic, if not nec essarily the most important, ex ample w hich comes to mind is the recent, controversy in Norwalk. Conn between the AF1 Hatters Union and the Hat Corporation of America. During the past year the union was out on strike for JO1? months over a controversial issue which, broadly speaking, falls within the category of co determination or co-management. Both Side* Claim Victory In the course of negotiations for a new contract 1953. the com pany notified th? union bargain ing committee that changing com petitive conditions would require it to transfer a large part of its straw hat production to Tennes see and to open a new factory for finishing low price felt hats somewhere west of the Mississip pi The union protested against this transfer on the grounds that it would inflict a permanent hardship on more than a thou sand workers in Norwalk: that many of these workers had been employed by the Hat Corporation of America for the better part of their working lives and would find it difficult. i( not impossible, to acquire another trade or to transfer to another occupation. On this issue the union called a strike which lasted from July 9. 1953. until the end of May 1954. The strike was supported morally and financially by sev eral other AFL and CIO interna tional unions and by more than 500 AF1 and CIO shop commit tees throughout the United Fat er ealey------------------ A ord For It and freedom of speech.” This is a pitiful little leaflet and ue should pray for the originators of such literature. Including a few* legitimate objections to Ca tholic belief with a lot of non sense they lead many to believe or to keep believing that the Church is built upon tyranny, in tolerance and ignorance. Such leaflets should stir us to study and strive to explain our relig ion to our friends and neighbors. For answers to such questions every Catholic should have a copy of Father Conway's "The Question Box.” Q. .4 friend of mine said that he knew several Catholics who are Masons, is it possible? A. No. A Catholic may join a Protestant church but he would not be considered a Catholic in good standing, to say the least. Freemasonry has from its be ginning in the eighteenth cen tury had as its basis a position a deistic, naturalistic religion which conflicts with the Chris* tion doctrine of divine Provid* ence and the supernatural' (e g. miracles, Sacraments). Many American Masons join the lodge for social reasons and have never bothered with these ideas, re maining good Protestants in con tradiction to Masonic theology. Some Catholics may have been persuaded to join for social or business reasons, but Catholics who join are excommunicated i.e. cut off from the Sacraments and many other benefits of the Catholic Church No w’ell-inform ed Catholic would join the Masons any more than a Protestant would join the Knights of Colum bus. There is a conflict of ideas. Q. In regard to the use of liquid and medicine by the sick who are going to Holy Commun ion what constitutes sickness? Does medicine include solids g. pills? A. Since it is required that the person using the privilege consult a priest the particular case w ill be solved by the priest consulted. It does not refer only to those confined to bed or patients in a hospital, however, and may be applied to such a special situation as taking an as pirin for a headache. The. medi cine permitted does include sol ids. Send questions to Father Ed ward F. Healey, The Inquiry Cor ner, The Catholic Times, Box 638 Columbus (IB) Ohio. States. The union is correct in stating that such solidarity has not been witnessed on the labor scene in a long time. Now that the strike has been concluded, it is difficult to say whether or not it was success ful from the union's point of view Both sides are claiming vic tory. It is our impression, how ever. that the union lost th* argument substantially, if not completely. The company re tains the right to operate plants outside of Norwalk. Ln the final analysis that was the central is sue in the controversy. On the other hand, the union is at least pretending to have scored a vic tory in that the company has giv en assurances to the Norwalk's strikers that “Norwalk is where the company plans to remain so far as its major operations in felt hats are concerned.” Logical But Immoral Whether this consultation be carried on through the ordinary channels of collective bargain ing or some other medium or method of labor-management co operation is more or less beside the point. The important thing is that it be carried on in good faith as between two sets of equals mutually determined to find the best possible answer to a very difficult type of problem. By the same token, what thia consultation is called is also rel atively unimportant. The Ger mans, the French, the Italians and Spanish have a word for 1L Wr the English-speaking world, on the other hand, ara compelled to fall back on awk ward transliterations from one other of these languages—am biguous words like co-determin ation or co-management, moro or less meaningless to the aver age reader in the United States and. worse than that, subject to varying definitions or interpre tations. Whether we have a word for it or not. however, the thing that the Hatters Union was ask ing for in the recent strike in Norwalk was well within the American tradition of collective bargaining and perfectly consist ent. our opinion, with Chris tian social teaching We cannot agree with those who say that it was an immoral demand. The latter opinion, more often than not. is based on the hidden premise that free competition, uninhibited by union interfer ence or any other kind of "out side" interference, should be the gwding principle of econom ic life. If this were true, it would be logical to do away with unions and to go back to the "good old days” of individual bargaining even tn the area of wages, hours and working conditions— logical bat completely immoral