The Catholic times. [volume], September 17, 1954, Image 6

About The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current

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(The o
end the Roma
Esopus, N. Y.,
Institute in Rome,
tng and lecturing.
Gt Fordham Unit
the Ukrainian Se
on Eastern Rites
Fr. Englert
6—THE CATHOLIC TIMES Friday. Sept. 17, 1954
native of Rochester, N. Y._. an
Rites, is a rarity in the Co
By special Holy See permission, he belongs both Yo
it Rites of the Church. He was invited
of the National Marian Congress of
at the Red
in 1936. he
Russian Institute.
Stamford, Conn..
By Fr. Clement Englert, C.SS.R.
(Writtetn for N.C.W.C. News Service)
s When Our Blessed Lord celebrated the
i
“V first ^ass at ^ast SuPPer- not uear
i Qh an special vestments, nor did He sing a Latin
I Pre^ace‘ 1101 sa.v “Dominus vobiscum.” He
17 simply gave us the elements of the Holy
i Sacrifice. These simple elements were 1he
^rst Offertory. Consecration and Communion
-Sr —same three “principal parts’’ of the
Shl
at "'hich must be present today to
hear viass.
then He gave them to the Apexstles
The Saxior told the Apostles to
do the same thing in commemora
tion of Him. They die so faithful
ly. Whenever they preached the
Gospel, they also celebrated the
Eucharist. At first the Jewish
Christian converts continued to
frequent the Temple in Jerusalem
and go to the synagogues, reserv-
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an authority on
lolic priesthood.
he Byzantine
to write this
ists' Mount St. Alphonsus Seminary,
postgraduate studies at the Oriental
riesthood has been derated to teach
es comparative theology and liturgy
ptritual director of
frequently lectures
Our Lord took the bread and wine and
prayed over them, offering them up to the Fa
ther with a blessing: then He consecrated
them into His precious Body and Blood and
in Holy Communion.
ing the celebration of the Euchar
ist until the evening, when it was
usually joined to the meal they
took. In this way they imitat
ed Our Lord’s having instituted
the Blessed Sacrament at an eve
ning meal.
But soon the persecution of
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History Of Church's Oriental Rites, Liturgies Is
Christians by the Jewish authori
ties set in. Eventually the Temple
at Jerusalem was destroyed. More
and more thousands of Gentiles
were entering the Church. It be
came quite impossible to frequent
the synagogue and he a Christian
too.
However, the Christian Church
did borrow something from the
synagogue which it never gave up:
the service we now call the Mass
of the Catechumens. For some
time the Christians held their own
synagogue or Mass of the Catechu
mens service in the morning and
celebrated the Eucharist in the
evening in conjunction with a meal
or supper called the Agape (“love
feast").
But it became increasingly diffi
cult for people to gather twice for
service on Sundays. Moreove., the
great era of persecutions made it
necessary to assemble secretly.
Thus, at an early date, it became
customary' to join the synagogue
service and tne celebration of the
Eucharist into one sacred
function. That gave us the Mass in
its present broad outline
First there was the Mass of the
Catechumens—so called because
the catechumens or converts tak
ing instructions io join the Church
were allowed to be present only
at the first part or synagogue serv.
ice. then followed the Mass of the
Faithful, so called because only the
baptized believers could be pres
ent when th-* Eucharist was cele
brated.
Although both Saturday and Sun
day were kept as holy days in the
early years of Christianity, the
Sunday soon became the preferred
day because Our Ixird rose from
the dead on a Sunday, and lhe
Holy Ghost came down upon the
Apostles on lhe first Pentecost the
birthday of the church) on a Sun
day. As a remnant of the early
state of things however. Saturday
remains a liturgical day in the
East, though Sunday is the day
of obligation.
The persecutions lasted more
than 200 yeais. until lhe Emperor
Constantine issued the decree of
toleration in 313. The Church could
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then come out of hiding, begin to
build churches and basilicas, and
hold services freely -both as oft
en and as long as she wished.
For the first 300 or 400 years
of Christianity, the Mass was in
a fluid state: that is, there were
no fixed rules on how it must be
celebrated. Everywhere, of course,
the same general pattern was ob
served. There were chants (hymns
and psalms), readings from Sac
red Scripture (from the Old Testa
ment and from whatever manu
scripts they could obtain of New
Testamenti.public prayer led by the
clergy a/id a sermon by the Bishop
or priest celebrating the service.
Then the bread and wine were
brought in to the altar (Often
ottered by the people themselves,
along with gifts for the clergy):
the presiding Bishop or priest
blessed these gifts and offered to
God what was to be used for the
Eucharist. Then he recited aloud
a prayer of thanksgiving (the Pre
face), in which he thanked God
for all His benefits, for creation.
A piece of bread, a string, a
rock and a few
—suppose this
in the world,
sanctify such
triv 1a unto wit
n e s s i n io
Christ? This is
how Father
McGrath, the
founder of the
Legion of Mary
in China, did it
during his 32
months of im
prisonment.
sheets of paper
were all one had
how could one
The bread given to him he'd tie
with a string to a rock and toss il
out of his prison cell to a starving
man either in the prison yard or
an adjoining cell. On the paper
he would write instructions for
the Faith or encouragement 10
the dying and through a White
Russian prisoner who acted as
his accomplice, would send them
either to prospective converts or
to those breathing their last.
God has given us many more
opportunities for conv e i n
Asia, feeding India and healing
the lepeis in Indonesia than He
has given to Father McGrath and
other missionaries in prison. But
if they can do so much with so
little, will you not do a little
with your much'* Here are sev
eral ways to witness to Christ:
1. Educate a seminarian native
youth.
2 Take out an annuity in the
Society for the Propagation of
the Faith.
3. Make a sacrifice of a lux
ury. Deny yourself something
a dessert, a mov ie. a cigarette, a
cab ride, a raise in salary. Make
an act of Faith by putting your
Yaar DmI»
555 W. Broad Sc
CA. S-155S
for redemption, lor this Holy sac
rifice given us by Our Lord Him
self on the night before He died.
This simple outline of Mass in
the early' Church already appears
in the writings of St. Justin the
Martyr, who flourished in the
middle of the second century.
As churches were built in the
fourth century, definite patterns
of worship began to appear and
th? great churches in the cities de
veloped their own characteristic
liturgy. The number of lessons
from Scripture, the place of 1he
hymns, the processions of clergy
and people, the use of incense, the
definite pattern of vestments- all
these things gradually became
fixed. Hence there grew up the
chief liturgical families or rites:
at Home, at Alexandria (in Egypt),
at Antioch (in Syria) and event
ually at Constantinople (the east
ern capital of the great Greco
Roman Empire).
From these great centers of pop
ulation and Christianity, the mis
sionaries spread out to convert
God Love on
God Gives I s Opportunities
To Aid His Poor Use Them
lv Bihop
Fullou J. Sheen
faith in the Holy Father who will
distribute your sacrifices to his
100(100 missionaries throughout
the world.
GOD LOVE YOU to A S. “My
check book shows that I have
made no sacrifices for the mis
sions in the past two months. I
am starting a new book and the
first page is $5 for the Holy F’a
ther’s Missions” ... to S.K. for
$10. “This offering is in grati
tude for suddenly realizing I’ve
been forgetting to be grateful.”
... to L.B. "Rather than buy
each other gifts for our four
teenth wedding anniversary, my
husband and 1 decided to send
this money to the Missions, in
thanksgiving for a very happy
marriage.” ... to E.N. “Six
weeks ago my 18-year-old son
was drowned. It was on Sunday
and he had attended five o'clock
Mass and received Holy Com
munion. I thought it would be
well to send the five dollars
which I found in his billfold to
the Holy Father's Missions”
to Anon, for $616. “This is in
thanksgiving for’graces received
in the past and those to come.”
Cut out this column, pin your
.sacrifice to it and send it to
lhe Most Reverend Fulton J.
Sheen, National Director of the
Society for the Propagation of
the Faith, or your Diocesan Di
rector Father James Kulp. 246
E. Town Si., Columbus 16. Ohio.
.........................0----------------------•
iiIiioii* Marriages
SIiom Marked (Jain
In Great Britain
LONDON (NC) The Brit
ish registrar general in bis Statisti
cal Review- for 1952 just released
reports “a maiked increase in the
proportion of Roman atholic mar
riages.”
Out of every 1.000 marriages in
that year, 94 were in Catholic
churches.
The figure was 65 in 1934. One
hundred ten years ago the figure
was 17.
NOW
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nrraced
I
the neighboring country. Natural
ly they carried with them the form
of liturgy used in the Mother
Church. When the mission was dis
tant, variations crept in, so that
eventually almost another rite was
formed. Thus the Eastern Syrians
came to differ from the Syrians at
Antioch, and the Abyssinians (or
Ethiopians), who received their
faith from Alexandria in Egypt, de
veloped their own form of the
Coptic (Egyptian) rite.
The Bishops of the great cen
ters of Christianity were called
Patriarchs, and the territory over
which they ruled as presiding
Bishops were called patriarchates.
This was definitely* sanctined by
the early Church Councils held in
325 at Xicea and in 381 at Con
stantinople.
■------------------o-------------------
Notre Dame Priest
Vi ins Sculpture \ward
INDIANAPOLIS (NO A
statue of Our I-ady of Sorrows won
first prize at the Indiana State
Fair for its priest sculptor. Father
Anthony Lauck, C.S.C. The terra
cotta scultpure was awarded a
blue ribbon for the most out
standing work in all divisions of
ceramics and sculpture in the
fair’s exhibition in fine and ap
plied artsi Father I^uck teaches
sculpture at the University of
Notre Dame.
Training Grants Awarded
To Catholic I Students
WASHINGTON (NC) Train
ing grams from the U.S. Public
Health Service will be given to
22 students from 11 states and
the District of Columbia present
ly enrolled in the School of Nurs
ing education at the Catholic
University of America here. The
stipends were given for psychi
atric-mental health programs of
fered to graduate nurses working
in this field.
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CWILLICOTHX, OHIO
New Charter
For Mission Of
France Hailed
PARIS (NC) The new
charter of the Mission of
France has been recehed with
great satisfaction in Catholic
French circles.
Th apostolic constitution.
“Omnium Ecclesiarum.” again
sanctions the apostolate and
gives it juridical status. The
Mission of France, founded by
the Assembly 6f Cardinals and
Archbishops of France in 1941 was
designed to evangelize rural and
urban areas where there are not
enough priests to staff all the
parishes. Last September the
wrork of the apostolate was
suspended.
The Mission of France is distinct
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INFORMATION RC-9
Twentieth Century
Bowling Alley
E. 2nd Phan* 2T-SM
The
Elberfeld-Chillicothe
Company
from the Mission nf Paris, known
popularly as the priest worker
movement.
The Paris secular daily Le
Monde, saw the new charter for
the Mission of France as an indica
tion the Vatican may be relaxing
in its censure of the priest-worker
movement The paper said the
reinstatement of the Mission of
France shows the Vatican has not
lost sight of the fact that the
apostolate to the masses requires
new’ methods adapted to present
day mentality. Le Monde had car
ried a number of articles on the
priest-worker movement reflecting
positions that were later dis
approved by Rome.
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SUFFER THE LITTLE CHILDREN!
Rarely do we appeal for our missions in Greece.
But we must do so now. and with greatest
urgency. We must send help at once to our
orphanage of St. Denis in Athens. You know
that the war in Greece has given ns many,
many homeless children. We must raise SI,000
for them now. When you send your mite for
•‘ORPHAN’S BREAD," ask for our new pam
phlet “Suffer the Little Children.”
LEPERS AT PALAYOOR
Do you know' that there are 4.000.000 lepers in the world? Only
ten per cent of them have any care at all. That is why our new
leper hospital at Pala.voor, India, has such meaning. IfYmly we
could build a little chapel costing $2,000 for these outcasts! Can
you help? Even if you cannot, send us a few dollars for the DAMIEN
LEPER FUND. We send you Cardinal Spellman's lovely pamphlet,
“Scars of Love.” Our Lord loved the lepers.
THIS BEAl TIFl PICTURE YOURS!
From week to week we must ask help tn building the SHRINE
CHAPEL OF POPE SAINT PICS among our poor refugees
beyond the River Jordan. Now we offer to everyone who gives ten
dollars nr more to this Shrine a beautiful picture of the Saint,
multicolored. It is suitable for framing. You will love it.
HOW UNSELFISH IS YOUR STRINGLESS GIFT!
MONT MENTS FOR ETERNITY
What a proud boast could be yours, if on the day the Lord judges
us. you might point to a missionary priest or Sister, whose training
you made possible! It cost $600 to train a Near East priest, a sum
you may give in any installments. Could you adopt Thomas Vada
kumkaiayil. a student at St. Joseph's Seminary in Alwaye, India,
and share in his conquests for souls forever? Or sister Jean-Marie,
a novice with the Sisters of the Sacred Hearts of Jesns and Mary,
at Bikfaya. Lebanon, and call her your daughter? Her training
costs $150.
Have you joined one of our seven DOLLAR A MONTH CLUBS?
They do wonders for our priests, sisters, the orphans and the leper*.
Please join one.
VERY SPECIAL FEAST
September 17 is the Feast of the Stigmata of St. Francis, for he bore
in his holy body the wounds of Our Savior. And he loved the
Near East, going there to help reclaim it to Christ Can you give
a sacred article to a Near East chapel in honor of St. Francis?
The Mass vestments costing $50. or the Tabernacle for $25. or the
Altar Linens for $15. Please share the devotion of St. Francis.
GETTING ANYWHERE?
You probably read these Want Ads of God regularly and then wonder
if we are getting anywhere. Here is one part of the record—our
missions on the West Coast of India. Fifty years ago—-292.000
Catholics. Todav. 1.200.000. Then. 400 priests, now. 1,000. Then.
72 seminarians and 140 nuns. Now, 1.000 seminarians and 5,000
nuns. Help us to keep getting somewhere. Can you help us answer
Sister Angela Marie, of the Convent of the Sacred Heart at Tham
balakad. India, who begs for $500 to set up a little convent among
many recent converts?
PALACE OF GOD
Into a little home in Jerusalem we have gathered
onr homeless old folks. The Sisters of Charity care
for them tenderly but they must have daily bread.
You ran give that to one of them for whole month
by a $10 gift. Please help.
PRECIOUS IS ONE MASS OFFERING.
hllear'j&stffhssionsjM)
Froncit Cardinal ipollmen, Frortdonl Mtgr. Thomai J. McMahan, Nof’l So«'y
Send all cammunkatieni
CATHOLIC NEAR EAST WELFARE ASSOCIATION
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