1—The Catholic Times Friday, February 12, I960
Blast Trujillo
(Continued from Page 1)
vestigation of "Jesuit priest
Antonio Cesar Fabres de la
Guardia, of Cr.ban national
ity," was being used as a pre
text by suversive elements lo
create the impression o£ a
large-scale plot."
THE RADIO BROADCAST
then indicated that the Jesuit
allegedly involved is a schol
astic rather than a priest. He
was said to have been allowed
to return to Cuba.
The government station as
serted (Jan. 29) that "the Do
minican Republic maintains
the best relations with the
Catholic Ch-irch" It said that
the Fabres incident was "re
solved in a satisfactory way
In accordance with the high
Church authorities who have
decreed that the Jesuit com
mi nity established in the Do
minican Republic is com
pletely unrelated to the one
which has its headquarters
In Cuba
IN THEIR pastoral letter,
the Bishops declared that
they cannot "remain indif
ferent to the grievous blow
which has afflicted so many
o i n i a n o e s e y
spelled out a list of individu
al rights and said that they
are accompanied by "other
natural rights'' including
freedom of conscience, free
dom of the press and free
dom of assembly.
ANY VIOLATION of these
rights, the Bishops said, con
stitutes "a grave offense
against God and the dignity
of man —made in the image
and likeness of his Creator
—and brings about many and
irreparable evils in society."
THE PASTORAL quoted at
J«ngth from a speech made in
t«47 by Pope Pius Xll in
which the Nte Pontiff declar
ed that "liberty can flourish
only where justice and law
establish and assure effec
tively respect for the dignity
of the people in every par
ticular."
On their own, the Bishops
asserted:
"THE BASIS and founda
tion of all positive law is the
inviolable dignity of the hu
man person. Each human be
ing boasts, even before his
birth, of a heritage of prior
and higher laws than those
of any state. They are in
tangible laws whose free ex
ercise no human power can
impede. Nor can it diminish
or restrain the scope of their
activity."
The Bishops spelled out th«
"inviolable" rights to include
the riyht to life, to form a
family, lo work, to trade, to
•migrate and the right, to a
good reputation. They added:
'THE CATHOLIC CHURCH,
©liversal mother of all the
faithful, has been at. all imes
the most anient and the most
long-suffering defender of
these individual rights. Many
teamed encyclicals have been
Written on behalf of these
rights. Her sons have t-ied
blood for them. She, like her
Founder, is always disposed
to give for them eloquent
"witness to the truth."
THE PASTORAL letter was
addressed the clergy and
"all the faithful." In a sep
arate "notification" also dat
ed January 25, the six bishops
ordered all clergy and Re
ligious to "abstain from any
Intervention of a political na
ture or one which might alter
the public order The
Bishops said they were issu
i n e o e e a u s e o
"the unusual circumstances
though wh'ch the country is
passing
THEY REQUESTED that
*11 priests and Religious say
special prayers for those "in
Fr. Sweeney
(Continued from Page 1)
dained in June, 1930, after
Which he was assigned to
Lowell to become assistant
pastor of his home parish and
serve as chaplain of St. John's
Hospital.
LATER HI BECAME direc
tor of Dontenwill Novitiate in
Essex, N Y., and during the
IB years he was stationed
ftiere he served as relief
chaplain at Clinton Prison at
Dannemora, N.Y.
Father Sweeney later sarv
as chaplain of St. Vincent's
Hospital at Toledo and then
became a member of the Ob
late community at West Jef
ferson, Madison County. After
that lie spent seven years as
Catholic chaplain at the Lon
don prison farm before com
ing to Good Samaritan five,
years ago.
SURVIVING are two broth
ers Edward of New York City
and Joseph, of Lowell, and
several cousins.
the greatest suffering and
tribulation." They also order
ed priests to say prayers "pro
re gravi" (for an urgent
cause) at all Masses. They
gave priests the choice of the
collects "pro quacumque trib
ulatione" (for any tribulaiionX
(No. 13), or
"pro
constitutis
in carcere" for those in pris
on (No. 32). The Bishops said
the special prayers should be
continued until Ash Wednes
day.
Stepinac...
(Continued from Page 1)
munism and sought to coun
teract them by having a strong
and informed Catholic clergy
and laity. He founded Caritas
in Yugoslavia to aid the poor
in Zagreb. In 1937, be had
accepted a post on the Com
mittee for Aid to Refugees,
which helped provide material
and moral assistance to peo
ple fleeing from the nazi
regime.
In 1940, he was named
Vicar of the Yugoslav Mili
tary Ordinate by Pope Pius
XII.
During the occupation of
Yugoslavia in World War II,
Archbishop Stepinac main
tained only the correct formal
relationship with the oc
cupiers established in interna
tional law. After the establish
ment of the independent
Croatian state under the
Utashi, he continued to main
tain what, contact the circum
stances demanded.
SEVERAL TIMES he spoke
out against the persecutions
of minority groups. On the
Feast of Christ the King,
October 25, 1943, Archbishop
Stepinac, preaching in the
Zagreb Cathedral said: "All
nations and all races have
the right to lead a life worthy
of men and to be treated with
dignity with which one treats
man. All of them without
exception whether they belong
to the race of Gypsies or
to another, whether they are
Negroes or civilized Euro*
peans, whether they are de
tested Jews or proud Aryans,
have the same right to say
"Our Father, who art in
Heaven." And if God has
given this right to all, what is
the human power that can
deny it?"
During the war, he also
gave aid and shelter to many
refugees, both Christian and
Jewish, and helped many Jew
ish refugees to escape abroad.
From the time of his eleva
tion to the See of Zagreb in
1937, he had steadily admon
ished the clergy of his arch
diocese to remain aloof from
polities and political matters
and to devote themselves en
tirely to the duties of the
Chrisian ministry.
ON SEPTEMBER 18, 1946,
a little more than a year after
the end of the war and a few
months after the establish
ment of the Federal People's
Republic of Yugoslavia, Arch
bishop Stepinac was arrested.
He went on trial September
30 indicted on six counts: 1)
collaborating with the Us
tashi 2) cooperating and as
sisting in the Croat state un
der Pavelie, war-time Croat
puppet premier 3) organiz
ing forcible conversion of the
Orthodox in Bosnia-Herze
govina and Croatia to Roman
Catholicism 4) serving as
Military Vicar to the Ustashi
5) directing the editorial pol
icy of the pro-Pavelic semi
official Catholic News, and
6) concealing the archives of
the Ustashi and the Croat
foreign ministry in an agree
ment with Pavelie.
On October 11, after a
trial which precipitated world
wide attention. Cardinal Step
inac was sentenced to 16 years
at forced labor. Protests were
made by both ecclesiastical
and lay people of many na
tions about the unfair trial
and the prejudiced court.
THREE DAYS AFTER the
sentencing of Archbishop
Stepinac, all those who had
o n i u e y s i a y o
morally towards the prelate's
persecution were excummuni
cated by the Holy See.
In December, 1951, Arch
bishop Stepinac was condi
tionally released from serving
the remainder of his sen
tence. He was given the
choice of leaving the country
or retiring to his native vil
lage. He chose the latter and
was confined to Krasic. He
was not allowed to exercise
his official duties as Arch
bishop of Zagreb and Metro
politan of Croatia.
AT THE CONSISTORY of
January 12, 1953. Archbishop
Stepinac was named a Prince
of the Church. He did not at
tend the Consistory in Rome,
for he would not ask Marshal
Tito for the exit visa, fear-
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Holy See ...
(Continued from Page 1)
to Rome shortly after the out
side world received news of
the joint pastoral letter in
which the Bishops of the Do
minican Republic issued their
strong stand in behalf of hu
man rights.
UNCENSORED e o s
from the Dominican Republic
stated that hundreds of per
sons had been arrested by the
regime of Generalissmo Ra
fael Trujillo on charges of a
revolutionary "plot." A num
ber of priests were said to
have been taken into custody.
On the day Foreign Minister
Herrera Baez was reported to
have seen the Pope, L'Osser
vatore Romano, the Vatican
City daily, maintained com
plete sifence on the subject.
The regular bulletin of the
Vatican press office carried
its usual list of papal audi
ences. but it noted nothing
for 10 a.m.—the hour at
which the official of the
Trujillo government was said
to have seen the Pontiff.
Mr. Herrera Baez, mean
while, was keeping his wherea
bouts from the Rome press
§0Tps.
IN ANOTHER EVENT af
fecting the Dominican Repub
lic, it was revealed here that
Coadjutor Archbishop Octa
vio Antonio Beras of Ciudad
Trujillo has been named Apos
tolic Administrotor of the
capital See. He takes over the
administration from Arch
bishop Ricardo iPttini, S.D.B.,
who has been the Metropoli
tan Archbishop of the nation
iiiice 1935.
The Italian-born churchman
will be 84 year old this April.
Competent Vatican authorities
said that actually, the nomina
tion was made about three
weeks prior to Its announce
ment, and that It should be in
terpreted solely in the light
of Archbishop Pittini's age
and failing health.
IT WAS STATED that the
appointment was in no way re
lated to current national
events in the Dominican Re
public.
Meanwhile, the post of
Apostolic Nuncio to Haiti was
filled with the appointment
of Msgr. Giovanni Ferrofino.
Msgr. Ferrofino, who is 47,
goes to Port au Prince from
Berne, where he has been
counselor of the Apostolic
Nunciature to Switzerland. In
the course of his servicc in
Switzerland, he served as
spokesman for the Holy See
at meetings of various inter
national organizations, includ
ing the United Nations Eco
nomic and Social Council. He
•was also delegate of the Holy
See on the Executive Commit
tee of the Program of the U.N.
High Commissioner for Refu
gees. In December when the
Nuncio, Archbishop Gustavo
Testa, was recalled lo the Va
tican, to become a cardinal,
s e o i n o e a e
a e A a i e s o e
Berne nunciature.
Social Justice
Demanded
MADRID, Tlitt Awhbis
hops of Spain have issued a
joint pastoral letter warning
that the nation's economic
condition demands austerity
and sacrifice from rich and
poor, government officials and
clergy alike.
Alluding to the fact that
strikes arc banned in Spain,
the 12 Archbishops said that
inflation cannot be blamed on
the workers. They said:
"No one can accuse the
workers of having caused the
Crazy race between prices and
wages, planning their de
mands with the support of
their organized strength."
ing the possibility that he
would not be readmitted to
Yugoslavia.
IN AUGUST, 1953, having
become ill he was visited and
given medical care by two
American physicians. Dr. John
Lawrence and Dr. John Ruzic
visited him and gave him
medical attention which his
debilitated physical state de
manded.
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Film Rating Matters
(Continued from Page 1)
tholic people to refrain from atten
dance at such movies because they
are "adjudged to contain material
which is in itself or in its offensive
treatment is contrary to traditional
morality and constitutes a threat not
only to the personal spiritual life of
the adult viewer, but also to the moral
behavior patterns which condition
public morality."
HERE WE SEE that children and
young people have no business view
ing this kind of film. And even adults
should have a justifying reason. Again,
even if the individual adult would not
be harmed ,we should all work to
ward creating a moral atmosphere
where such pictures would be fewer
and fewer. We can create that atmos-.
phere by showing our preferences at
the box office.
FILMS WHICH fall under a sepa
rate Classification do not explicitly
violate the Legion code, but need
analysis and explanation. They there
fore are NOT approved for children
and young people, and adults should
exercise caution in attending' them.
A RECENT EXAMPLE is "Ana
tomy of a Murder" which contained
nothing offensive to morality but used
words which have not been employed
on the screen before and which might
appeal to the prurient-minded or sen
sation seeker.
Hit Self-Policing
(Continued from Page 1)
cations and movies, that the
presence of such material on
the market "is part of the
price of freedom."
He said book publishers are
"completely and unalterable
opposed" to adoption of any
decency "code" or self-polic
ing program within their in
dustry.
Mr. Kenyon, like Mr. Lacy,
assuered the subcommittee
that the members of bis organi
zation are not engaged in the
production of objectionable
publications He identified the
Magazine Publishers Associa
tion as a voluntary organiza
tion of 93 publishers of 247
magazines.
Mr. Kenyon conceded that
in recent years there has been
'an increase in the number of
publications which are sold
by a flamboyant appeal to
sex."
He said the Magazine Pub
lishers Asscoiation took note
of this in a 1954 resolution
calling on members to "guard
their publications against*
obscene material.
However, he said, there is
"no need for the policing of
association members "because
they do not engage in obscen
ity or pornography."
As for the question of an
industry-wide code, he added,
the association cannot "ex
cerise any form of censor
ship."
"We are a free association
of publishers," he said. "None
of us has any authority to
censor each other. The as
sociation has no authority to
censor a member, and of
course none to censor any
one not a member."
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change to choose what publi
cations to read, they are deny
ing those publications and
their readers the right to a
hearing, to a defense, and to
due process of law," he said.
He also took exception to
activities of civic decency
organizations. "Any crusade,
any community or official
action, should avoid as a
plague the charge or practice
of book-burning or vigilante
action," he said.
"THUS, I WOULD HOPE
that you will not encourage
the preparation of lists of
objectionable titles or suggest
that citizen groups visit news
dealers or news wholesalers
in well meaning attempts to
have certain titles removed
from the stands," he added.
Subcommittee members,
however, told Mr. Kenyon that
civic decency organizations
have come into existence
chiefly to take action in an
area where the courts have
failed to act
Hep. Glenn Cunningham of
Nebraska said the formation
of civic groups has been an
act of "desperation" because
"we don't get very far in the
courts" in attempting to
stamp out obscenity. Rep.
Kathryn Granahan of Pennsyl
vania, chairman of the sub
committee, agreed that courts
have been "very lax" in this
matter.
Mr. Lacy contended in his
testimony that a book pub
lisher "assumes and must as
sume ... the sole and un
divided responsibility for his
acts as a publisher."
"This is a responsibility
th i! in mir
yicvv
Mr. Kenyon objected to "the
compilation and distribution
of lists of allegedly objection
able magazines."
"When parents or religious
groups or politicians or vete
rans or editors attempt by
coercion o rpressure to re
move from the public thr
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ANOTHER IS "Suddenly, Last
Summer" which delineates no immor
ality but deals, in the words of the
New York critic: with "a preposterous
and monotonous potpurri of incest,
homosexuality, psychiatry, and so help
me, cannibalism." TIME magazine add
ed that we have here a plot that con
cerns itself with "a practicing homo
sexual, a psychotic heroine, a pro
curess-m o e r, a cannibalistic-orgy,
and a sadistic nun."
NO MATTER HOW expertly such
a theme is handled we can see it is
definitely not for young people. It
would appear the average adult would
have no interest in such a story unless
he were studying abnormal psychology
or a similar field of human behavior.
WE DON'T THINK most Catholics
find such films appealing from any
viewpoint, even aside from the moral
one, because the themes are almost
removed from the entertainment
medium. There is a difference be
tween a scientific documentary film
and a movie which we attend presum
ably to enjoy ourselves.
THE LEGION OF DECENCY per
forms an invaluable service by giving
us advance reviews which serve as a
moral guide for individuals and especi
ally for parents.
AND IT CAN be seen from these
considerations that the film ratings
matter. GAF.
uiiiot In:
RELIABLE
diluted or shared,'* he said,
adding: "Self-control through
individual responsibility is
diligently excerised by estab
lished publishers."
Mr. Lacy declared there is
no need for a self-policing
program among members of
the American Book Publish
ers Council, because they do
not publish objectionable
books.
Moreover, he added, "there
Js not any possibility of estab
lishing among the sorts of
book publishers who make
up the council any machinery
for the collective excerise of
editorial taste and judgment."
"No responsible publisher
i s o i n o e w i i n o
be a keeper of the consciences
of his fellow publishers, nor
is he going to submit his
own editorial judgment and
integrity to another's review,"
he .said.
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