American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume], November 26, 1844, Image 1

About American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846

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VOLUME. XL—No. 126.
v {fcy-TUE AMERICAN REPUBLICAN &. BALTI- I
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LETTER 6P .1. J. SPEED, E*f|.
The following I.'tter from J. J. Speed, Esq., .
of this city, to the Representatives of Mary- j
land in Congrese, 011 the subject of the Chesa
peake and Ohio Canal, will bo read with inter-1
ost:—
To the Representatives of Maryland,
In Congress:
Gentlemen—An attentive consideration of,
the principles involved in tho late Presidential :
Canvass so occupied tho mind of the American
people, for several months before tho election,
as to leave little room for inviting the attention j
of any particular portion of them to tlioir own;
local affairs. Tho questions 111 discussion were
and absorbing; and of immediate pressure; 1
tor the electors were required to cast their suf- j
fragos upon them within a limited period. It.
was a noble and edifying spectacle—to see the
inhabitants of an extended Empire contending
for the supremacy of certain principles to which
they might trust their forms of government—
without tumult or outbreak of tho passions— I
the heated zeal of the masses being governed ;
and moderated—not by the public sword—but'
by that strong sense of decorum which marks,
tho American elector. While the public virtue j
remains thus firm, the day of our prosperity
will be prolouged,—the hour of our fall con-;
tinue remote. Neither treason, or sedition,
nor invading armies can subdue us. Rut to;
give full efficacy to this pure tone of public j
feeling, my fellow-citizens will agree with me, I
that it must bo made applicable to all our du
ties—as well as to those that refer-to our own j
poac;:, end aro designed to secure out own tran
quility, as to those in which our neighho- may j
be concerned, and which refer to a satisfaction ,
of his just claims upon us. for all thepurpo-;
ses of undisscmbled happiness and true prospe
rity it will be in vain that we are-secure in our j
possessions—that peace and plenty are in our
homos—if the adder is gnawing at our breasts, |
with the incessant information that we are |
withholding from others that which is their!
own, cod that our fires and lamps are lighted
by the unrequited means of our neighbors.—
The peculiar duty of us, Marylandcrs, is to
turn, now, to a consideration of oar debts; their
enormous and increasing amounts,-and the best;
modes of meeting them. In several papers,
written by myself, and heretofore published, I
have held the doctrine that these debts impose
on us a duly to be regarded with the deepest j
solemnity of mind: and I have observed, with
exaltation, that tho most forcible expression j
has been given to this view by the results of our •
late elections. In one or two instances, in I
which, only, repudiating candidates presented |
, themselves, they received tbe sternest rebuke!
from the people. In no single instance did a
, repudiating pretender receive the slightest coun- j
tenancc or favor. The large and respectable j
county of Somerset, that was in arrear with her ;
assessments, has lately been paying tboin up j
with willingness and alacrity; and wc may be
•quite sure that two or three either counties, on- j
ly,in her situation, will soon follow her oxarn- J
pie. But our property holders are discouraged ;
by this, great load of debt, and disheartened
when they remember that their present burthen .
of assessment only meets its interest —that there •
is to lie no limit to the visits of the tax gather
er. It is a fact that about nine millions of our [
debt—almost all of it that is a burthen to us—is (
not properly ours. It was contracted 011 ac- (
count of tho Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, anil j
. \ every principle of justice requires that the Fc- |
deral Government should assume it. Iri a lel-|
ter, addressed to several gentlemen of Balti-,
more county, and which met the public eye, I '
; have heretofore advanced this proposition; anil j
.1 will, now, endeavor to maintain and prove it.
, by a succinct view of the true nature and his- j
tory of this work, and of our undertakings on |
account of it. The first glimpses of this great 1
enterprise were caught by the Father ol his
Country. He was accustomed to look>upon
-the map'dftho whole country as liis oountry.— .
c When ho meditated upon the public good, the j
operations of his cloudless mind embraced it 1
all, in its .widest limits. His affection was not j
pent up; it spread over the people he had liber- |
atcd; the Empire Republic was his care, as it
, I'should be the care of every patriot; the provi- j
donoe of Ilia view embraced tho Connecticut |
and tho Ohio, and fell, alike, upon the waters ;
of the Hudson and the Mississippi. He con
-1 templated this work as a great national entor-
I prise—a highway for the natiou—commensu-;
rate with the national means,—to serve, in '
peace, as a bond of union and Ibr tho uses of j
i commerce an 1 immigration, and, in the darker
seasons of war, for tlio transportation of ar-,
1 rnies, with their equipments. It was no part
j of his design that Maryland should build the j
! work, anymore than it was the design of the
leader of the French armies that a single Can- J
[' ton of Switzerland, or Department of France, j
I should build the road of the Seuiplon,—or than j
f it could have been expected that any one of
| the eighty nations, uf antiquity, whom we are 1
[ informed, were seated 011 the banks of the Nile,
* should have made navigable the counties#
I streams and endless waters of that noble river.
It is truo we possessed a ripnrius border 011 the J
| Potomac, that stretched along the proposed j
track of the Canal, und that we had minerals |
| ueon the margin, and at the highest sources of j
that noble stream; but those minerals weic not
1 then disclosed, and the trade in them not at all'
1 considered. The semi-military visits of Gene
ral (then Major,) Washington, about the mid
dle of the last century, to the French settle-1
meets 0:1 the Ohio, and bis subsequent trips, I;
with Braddock arid Forbes, tbiough those re
gions, enabled him to get his earliest glimpses;
1 of this undertaking. His ideas, in some decree
matured by reflection, were ripened inio it bill
that passed the Colonial Legislature of Virginia, j
about tho year 1752, for improving tho naviga- •
lion o r 'Lc Potomac river as far up as Cumber- ' ]
AND BALTIMORE DALLY CLIPPER.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED EVERY MOB.VINO, BY UULL & TI'TTLE, No. 134 BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE. M<l.
| land, —that point being, in fact, then, the Wes
' tern English Frontier. That law slept for 20
j years; fir, from its biith, the clouds of the revo
. lutinn liegan to thicken, its storms followed,
j and the Nation had other business on band till
j tho end of the war.
Upon the peace of 1783, Washington, Itav
! ing laid down his military commands, and not
| being blinded by the praise and thanks of a na
j tion, turned his meditations to tho best means
| of preserving what he bad won, and of strength
i enir.g and binding together the young Repub
lic. What lie had contemplated as a blessing
1 to the Colonies, lie thought would bo doubly
j ?t* to the Union; and hts mind again laid hold
! of tho project of uniting tbe tides of tlw Ches-
I apcake with tbe navigable waters of the West,
| by means of a great Central Canal, upon the
I line of tho Potomac. The truo greatness of the
j man, his anxious love of country, hero shew
;ed out. With the fatigues of War fresh npou
I him, lie turned, at once, to the severest duties
| of" Peace. In 1784, he conducted a correspon
dence with the Governor of Virginia on the
! subject, and made two extensive tours ol ex
! animation, through Western Pennsylvania, and
the North Western parts of New York. II s
letters, being laid by the Governor before tho
Virginia Legislature, produced the appointment
! of a Commission, of which be, General Wash
ington, was chosen chairman, and General
Gates, a member, to proceed to ArinapolisYto
j confer with tlio authorities of Maryland, on tiio
; subject. At Annapolis, in December, 1784,
they met the Maryland Deputies; and tho results
of {lie conference wore tlio enactment ot tliu
laws of Maryland and Virginia of 1791, for the
I promotion of those great views—tlio line of tbe
works lying through their territory. It was de
signed that Washington should preside over
these operations; but, new political troubles
coming upon the country, his mind was divert
j od, and absorbed by tliem. Under his advico,
the new laws .repealed tho acts of 1702, so far
; as they fixed the temporary limit at Fort Cum
! berland. The Resolve of the Conferrues, ad
vising this repeal, sot forth that tho work ought
to proceed up the north branch of tho river, to
1 its highest sources, if practicable,—certainly,
to, or atove, die mouth of Stony River, which
! is, at least, twenty miles above the mouth of
; the Savage. The preamble of the acts, that
1 followed, set terth the substance of what 1 have
just stated. I mention this fact, not in refer
] enco to any modern difference about a tempo
rary resting place for the Canal, but as proof
j that Washington, and tlio Patriots acting with
! liirn, were not looking to Fort Cumberland,
• furtliei than as they found it the gate of tho
1 wilderness, —nor to the coal basin of Allegany,
| for the Savago was the point at which they
reached that, but that their enlarged minds,
} soaring by these as mere incidents in the enter
prise, looked to the waters of the Out es the
! only proper terminus of this great na. nal
' road.
Wbethel greater or less impediments are to
be encountered in conducting it thither, wheth
er it shall pursue a path, to the right, or to the
; left, whether the apox of this mountain, or
that, shall be pierced by a tunnel, or surmoun
tod by a portage railroad, are questions about
which there aro divided opinions; my course of
| argument cannot bo affected by a decision of
them one way or another—its aim being to
' shew that tlio authors of the work set it on
! foot with a view to that destination, that their
! perceptions of its immense utility were con
nected with its reaching that declination, and
I that, from its earliest day, they regarded it as, 1
I wholly, a national and not as a local work.
Indeed, all the circumstancee of the day j
shew this fact, with resistless force. General
! Washington, the great artifex rervm, was not a
! citizen of Maryland, <tut of Virginia; Mary- j
land, then, had no incorporated towns from
j which commerce was conducted—but Annapo- 1
j lis—quite remote from the Potomac. Wash- 1
, ington, then called Dudingtori, was not even a
! village; Baltimore, an inconsiderable town, was ;
I not incorporated for twelve years afterwards;
• the settlements of Frederick and Montgomery
! were purely agricultural, remote from towns,
| and in a helpless state of dependency; in Wash
-1 ington and Allegany tho wolf roamed, and tho
■ Indian was only kept at bay by the guns of
j Fort Cumberland. As 1 have bolbro slated,!
, Washington's inind became engrossed with otli- J
er and paramount subjects. The menace of a j
! French war, the difficulty in adjusting the bal- j
1 ances and machinery of tlio new Government, i
j the distempered existence of the form of Con- j
; federation first adopted, its dissolution, the for- j
j ination of a new Consitution and putting tho
' fabric of Government again in motion—these !
| absorbed his attention and_care. And never !
' was there a more prominent example of the j
deadening effects of withdrawing from a great
enterprise a great man, with liberal and corn- j
| potent abilities to conduct it. In view of this, j
! and other beneficent enterprises that werepross
| ing on his miud, he had assisted in placing in
' the old articles of conferation the following |
! clause: "All charges of war, and all other ex- j
penses that shall be incurred for the comnwt dr.- 1
fence and general welfare, and allowed by the '
United States in Congress assembled, shall be ,
defrayed out of a common treasury;" —and at!
a subsequent period, referring to this Canal and j
our Western population, ho oaid: "For my;
own part 1 wish, sincerely, that every door to j
that Qountry may nc sot wide open, that the [
commercial intercourse with it may be render- j
ed as free and easy as possible. This, 'lll my ;
judgment, is tho best, if not the only cement j
that can hind those people to us for any length ,
of timo—and wo shall, I think, he deficient in |
foresight if we neglect the means of effecting j
it." As has been before stated, when this great l
man turned to the higher call of the nation,
night fell upon the Canal. A prolonged slum
ber of more than thirty years was its fate. Du- '
ring this period it exhibited few signs of life, •
ami received little countenance or aliment— j
scarcely enough, as the sequel will shew, to pre- j
serve life in its charters and laws. Only about |
three quarters of a million of dollars was ex- j
ponded, and that iri attempts to smooth the j
passage of tlio great and little Falls of tlio 1
River.
At length, in 1820, the Board of Public J
Works of Virginia, in compliance with an or- ;
dcr of the General Assembly, directed their 1
Engineer to examine the line of the Potomac,
and the country between the Potomac and the |
Ohio, and between tbe Potomac and Rappaliati- j
nock, with a view to a Canal Communication 1
between the three rivers. Hero was a full ex-1
jirc&sion of the understanding of the Virginia j
public that the intent of the Fathers of these j
schemca uf navigation was (bo ultimate accoui- j
pli.ihmcnt -jf ti great central 'liguv.wj toi'veim j
TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 20, 1844.
jth i Chesapeake and Ohio. Succor and good
| will, it is true, were expected from the States
I that lay on its route. The right to condemn
| lands, and other fostering legislation, proceed
i ing from tliem would not bo disputed, for thev
j possessed the Sovereignty. Engineers went into
I the field; and, in the autumn of the same year,
| a good report was returned, known in Virginia
;as Moore's Report In 1821, tho Legislatures
I of Maryland and Virginia appointed a Cotn-
I mission to enquire whether the old laws and
j charters had not lapsed. The Report, known
| as Moore & Rriggs' Report, made in January,
! 1823, presented the matter in so doubtful a
\ point of view, that the Corporators thought it
; most prudent to surrender their franchises—
| which they did (lie following month of Febru
j.rry. Those incidents aro named, and rapidly
I hurried over, merely to connect the history
! with the more important events that fallowed.
It must be hero stated that a Committee of
Congress to whom application bad been made,
in behalf of the great enterprise, reported very
! favorably in May, 1822. In 1823, Maryland
j und Virginia passed new charters; but there
j were discrepancies between tliem. To heal
these, and to rouse and bring the public mind
to more forcible action on the subject, a great
• Convention was called, and held in Washing
; ton, in November, 1823. Delegates were in
attendance, and communications received, fioni
i many States, including Ohio. The various
propositions submitted to this body were all
based upon the idea of a Canal extending to
; the Ohio, to be called the "Union Canal."—
Much debate and deliberation took place, and
j the Convention resolved that the work—with
; the appropriate name of "The Chesapeake and
Ohio Canal," ought to bo constructed in twg,
i divisions—the first, stretching front tide to the
month of the Savage—the second, proeeediiur
front that point, by the best route, to the high
est navigable waters of the arms of the Ohio.
And the Convention, which seems to have had
j the justest perceptions of the true nature of
j the undertaking, before it adjourned, appoiut
; ed a Central Committee to condense and pre
! sent their ideas to the Legislatures of Mary
land, I'eimsylv.uiiu and V irginia, and to Con
-1 gross, ptaying that they might bo embodied
f and perfected in suitable laws for setting on
s foot tho great work. Though, at the era of
j (his Convention, the Coal fields of Allegany
! bad been explored, and the shafts of the miner
! had sunk deep in her hills, exposing her valna
j ble iron hemetites to the eye of thrift and spec
ulation, that body did not, lor a moment, lose
' sight of the national character of the work; it
j was a concession in their deliberations that
i while ono terminus was the tide of the Chesa-
I peafcc, the other was, not "Fort Cumberland,"
' nor the mouth of Savage, nor of Stony River,
| nor the outwoiks, nor foot, nor heights of tho
: Allegany, but that it should press on—through
; drift and gorge, piercing the water shed of the
country, now being fed by the mountain
stream, now wooing the rains for its aliment,
\ till, descending the western slope of the moun
tain, it should pour out its blessings upon the
j waters of the Ohio.
! These were the conceptions of this conven
| tion. In the faculties of such a Canal, for
trade and commerce, they, like Washington, j
discerned elements of a nation's wealth; in its
I faculty for transporting troops and arms, ele- ]
; meuts of a nation's strength. Maryland and 1
| Virginia passed the law proposed and present
! Ed by tlio Committee, in 1823 and 1824, Con
j gress iri 1825, and Pennsylvania, in 1826. !
! The charters of the old Company were merged '
jin these laws,and all tlioir piopertiesand rights
were voluntarily surrendered by progressive >
acts of the proprietors, in July and August,
1828. 'J'lie date of the deed of final surrcudry 1
I was tbe 15th of August, 1828. In April. I
; 1824, Congress passed a law creating a Board ;
' of Internal Improvement—of which those dis- !
; tinguished persons, General Bernard and Colo
: nel Totton, were members, and providing for a
j survey of the lines of tlio Potomac, with other
proposed National Works For tbe prefatory
! surveys the act appropriated an adequate sum
iof money. Tlii3 was a very bold and full as- 1
| sumption of this work on tile part of the Ge
neral Government. Brigades of Engineers
und Surveyors were forthwith sent into tho
; field, and scientific officers of the atmy were
j detailed to aid in their operations. A patient t
| und close examination of the higher springs of!
J the great waters of the East and West, as well 1
as of the harriers that divided them, resulted j
j not only in proving the practicability of a
j union of those waters, by a continued Canal, j
' hut that it might bo effected by several differ- ;
j ent routes. The sources of Savage and Youg- i
! hogany present one approximation; the springs
j of Wins Creek and Casseliriaus River, another;
! others there are—but it would seem unneccssa-!
j ry to examine them—these two are so obvious
land so easy—the latter requiring a tunnel of 1
hut three miles, through a mountain of soft
; stone, with a river to feed it—tho former, a
tunnel, but little longer, with ravines and every
facility for constructing supplying reservoirs i
that would be sufficiently capacious und reteu- I
live. The surveys of 1824, 1825 and 1826 !
shew all this. President Monroe, in reporting !
the earliest of tliem to Congress accompanied |
them with a strong expression of favor, on his i
part, to the work. Tbe Engineers, who were
men of enlarged as well as scientific minds, i
observe, in their reports, that they "kept cou- j
stantly in mind that they were planning a |
work for a nation;" —that, "the enterprise had j
no equal in any country, in reference to tho \
immense political, commercial and military ad- \
vantages which would lesult from its execu
tion;" that it is a woik "truly national;" and i
"that when a nation undertakes a work ofj
great public utility such as that under consider- j
atiou, the tcveutio is not the essential object; (
its views aro of a more elevated order; they
are directed towards lite great and general in- |
to rest.- of the community."
It will be surprising to many readers to lie |
informed that tlio only unusual impediment in j
the path of tins great work, of three hundred
and sixty miles in extent, is presented, not by !
any principal hill of tlio chain, for tbe waters !
have cut. them all down to their bases, but by 1
a very secondary ridge—which is, in tact, tlio
water shed of the country, mid whose obstacles
all lie within a narrow limit of live or six !
miles. And, as is before stated, tlio examina
tions of science have shown that tho sides of
this ndge are not impenetrable, or its crests in- ]
surmountable. The Engineers estimated tho >
whole cost at twenty-two millions of dollars, '
and subsequent tests have shewn their ar.mra
ey. But, since then, the steamboat navigation
lias been extended from Pittsburg up to Browns- !
villi', whereby Ujc distance ond difficulties are,
j very greatly shortened and abridged—and, of
j course, the expense with them. Notwithstand-
J ing the high character and competency of the
t Engineers, Bernard, Totton, McNeil, Trimble,
I Howard and others who made the labored stir
| veys and reports I have before dcseiibed, the
I cautious public rerpiircd another examination.
I Accordingly, in March, 18-28, the President
| si ut out new Engineers, Roberts and Gcddes.
j The result was a confirmation of the grounds
j and positions of their predecessors, with the
exception that they strengthened the view of'
I expediency by greatly narrowing the estimates
jof expense. Some rather prefatory legislation
j then took place in Virginia and Maryland, and
| the great enterprise, in its new garb, was ready.
[ By an act of Congress, approved 24th May,
the Dinted States subscribed a million, and on
| the 26th of June the Company organized with
stock ns follows:
I United States, - $1,000,000
Washington, ... 1,000,000
i Maryland, ... 600,000
Georgetown, ... 260,000
Alexandria, - 260,000
individuals, - - 008,-100
$3,608,400
j Maryland had made her subsctiplion in the
j winter of 1828; hut, with less ardor and more
j prudence than afterwards marked her move-!
j incuts, she expressly made it. dependent upon a i
subscription twice as large oil the part of the
; Federal Government, —with the further con
j dition that the whole stock, grounded upon
Bernard's cj-tiiwnte, should he taken by others,
; hoforejrfrtf paid for hers.
! Phis was the true view. This act, and the i
j law of Congress that followed in May, to-!
i gather, shew how clearly the State and Gene
ral Government then understood the true na- j
i tare of this work, and their relations and re-:
1 spoctivc positions in regard to it. Maryland,;
! adopting the estimate of twenty-two millions, j
: gave hall' a million, and that, only upon the |
| condition that the Government at Washington j
I should take the lead in it. In IS3O, Virginia j
! subscribed $250,000. The work wascommcn
j ccd in 1828. In 1883, Congress refused the!
| Company $2,000,000 it applied tor, it was
1 thought on the ground of party disscntion.— j
j Great political heat prevailed in the country i
|at that time. The applicants turned to Ma-'
rylitnd, arid got the loan of $2,000,000, on a |
j mortgage of the work. In 1833 she had added I
;to her subscription $125,000. In May, 1836,,
j the State subscribed $3,000,000 more, upon !
: condition that it should be regarded as a pro-!
I furred stock, in reference to dividends, and a j
mortgage given to secure throe years' interest. !
These terms were complied with, and the State j
' stock issued. In the winter of 1839, a further
subscription was made of $1,375,000, upon the I
old conditions of preferred dividends and a
mortgage for three years' interest. So the ac- |
i count of Maryland stands thus:
Subscription in 1825, - - $500,000]
" " 1833, - - - 125,000;
Loan " 1835, - - - '2,000,000!
Subscription in 1835, - - - 3,000,000 1
" 1839, - - - 1,375,000 j
$7,000,000 :
Or more succinctly, thus:
i Common stock, ... $G25,000 ]
Preferred stock, ... 4,375,000!
, Loan on mortgage, - - - 2,000,000 j
$7,000,000 !
The accumulations of interest
make our whole debt on ac
-1 count of the Canal about 9,000,000 j
And this is the great and unproductive load i
that is now resting upon Maryland: deadening j
her energies, oppressing her land holder, afA
i dieting her merchant, retarding, in their la- j
' bors, her mechanics and artisans, and bowing j
1 down her pride. This debt has been incurred
under the influence of very noble but indiscreet
impulses of patriotism. The money has been 1
: laid out in constructing a great highway from '
the door of the Capitol to the summits of the ]
Allegany, with a hurrying destination to the]
affluent regions of the Mississippi. And all tins'
; has been done by one of the feeblest members
of the Republic. She has, by her own cnter
, priso and devotion, and with little countenance
; or aid from her sister States or the Federal.
Government, nearly accomplished a great niea- '
sure for the Republic, of which Washington j
was the parent, and which can be equalled in i
beneficence, and the blessings it will confer, by
no measure since the Union was formed, ex-j
eept, perhaps, the purchase of Louisiana.— [
That measure, which gave so much renown to 1
the name and administration of Mr. Jefferson, ]
was designed ro open a patli to the sea for sev- '
eral States oil the Mississippi. This Canal, I
costing no more than Louisiana, is designed lint|
only to break down the mountain barrier of the |
Allegany, that General Washington informs us]
ho regarded with so much apprehension, hut to;
open a road for six Stales to the sea hoard—j
Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois
and Michigan, with the western parts of Vir-j '
ginia and Pennsylvania—the six States, com-]
prising two bundled and fifty thousand square]
miles of territory—equal to France and Great]
Britain put together,—with a teeming and re- : ,
duplicating population, very capable of swell- :
ing its numbers to fifty millions of people.— 1
And now that Maryland is sinking under the j
collossal weight and proportions of this great ' ,
enterprise—when she lias cried, in vain, to her j
sister States of Virginia, Pennsylvania and j
Ohio for aid and succour, she turns to the pa- j
rental head, and presents herself for jus ice.— | •
To her delegation in the two houses of Con-!
gross she entrusts her cause, knowing that with ! 1
these simple relations of history and truth on ' !
their side, their advocacy cannot want force—l
and that tlioy will present her, not as a sup
pliant, but with the dignity of a sovereign state
asking for justice. She asks that the Federal
Government will assume the properties of the
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, with its incum
brances of debt, and relievo her citizens from a 1 1
pressure of tax of unexampled weight. It will:
lend force to the reasoning, in support of this l
proposition, to represent that in Maryland,]
now, a medium farm, capable of yielding aj
frugal support for a family, and which would '
rent |ir a net sum of five hundred dollars, is
taxed about one hundred dollars; that a medi
um store or house, in the city of Baltimore,!
renting lor about"eight hundred dollars, is pay- ,
ing a tax of about two hundred and twenty I
dollars; that all other kinds of property, with j
salaries and incomes, are taxed in proportion.
I'lte Federal Government mw have an over
flowing I'reasury, with neither debt nor war to
encumber ii. It might assume a.ij perfect this
11 Canal, within a period of three years, willi no
•| greater outlay than was made for Louisiana—
' | without tax, assize, or additional impost—with
, out pressure in any quarter—and, in aires to
come, the magnificent work would stand forth a
■ memorial of our greatness, and of the wisdom
and benignity of the ministeis and Government
• that achieved it. And the debt of Maryland
| would bo paid, and Iter honor redeemed; her
| property, in all its forms, would spring up in
value; iier vast mineral wealth would be un
locked in the mountains, her agriculture would
; thrive, and, in the day of their prosperity, her
J people would poor out their thanks to the Go
| vernment that had effected their deliverance,
j And may it not be asked, why such blessings
,! should be withheld from them? Does it com
-11 port with the dignity, the justice, the bencfi
i j cence of the nation that a State, of limited
j means and resources, shall be crushed under a
| weight of' debt incurred for a work which be
| longs to the country—of which the country
might well be proud, and the renown of which
j a nation might covet. I think not; and believe
■ that your patriotism and care will lead you to
| present her claims in such resistless lights of
j justice as will secure relief to your state, and,
; to yourselves the thanks of aw enlightened con
stituency. J. J. S.
MOW IS THE ACCEPTED TIME.
CtO.HK ONE! COME V 1.1.! TO
J J. M. lIAUi'S FRINGE FAC I lIRV,
Ac). 1-21 ItAI.TIMoRK STHEKT,
a (luors above Soarb street.
I leave nn band and still eoiuimn s to iimnuluctnrc
, all such ailicles as GIMPS, FRINGE CORDS arid
'TASSELS, BUTTON'S, ot (till'ereiit kinds, namely:
.-'nn Itiitlons; Oaisy do; Hrpiare do; and a (treat many !
| oilier styles too numerous to name. I have also oil ,
band, a largo and well selected stock ot Velvet RIB
HOWS, some of the handsomest m the city, and at 1
j very reduced prices. I have also a new style VKL
j VET til Mi', which is soinethini; different from any
j thing now in the city—with a general as orimentof'
articles of every description, namely:
tientlemcn's and l.adies t.'loak Tassels; do. Gloves'
! and Hosiery: Merino, I.ainbswool and Cotton Shirt
' and Punts; 'Hilars and Shams; Cravats a%l Scarfs, I
j and a variety of worsted apparel for children, such as
j Coals, Cloaks, Cardinals, Caps, (Jailers, Jfce., with a ,
large assortment of Silk and Cotton Cords; Tapes;
Spool Colton; Furniture Holdings; Sewing Silks; Rib 1
buns; Galloon Itiudings; Coat ami Vest Bindings; gen
tlemen's Purses of every description; l.adies" do. 1
I also keep on band a large assortment of Odd Fellows' I
anil Masonic Regalia; Flags and Banners, Gold and j
j Silver Tassels; do. Fringes; Cords and Gold and Silver j
Bullion; do l.aee and Stars do. With a variety of'
j fancy articles, such as Purse ornaments; Hair do; flair j
Pins; Combs and Brushes; Penknives; Scissors; Pock-
I et Books; Watch Guards; Purse Twist; do Rings; !
I Heads of all kinds, namely: Jet, Satin. Gold, Silvio, I
Hugle, &c. oi all colors—with a splendid assortment j
| of Bugle Satin Bead Necklaces,
i N. 11. That f also carry on the HAIR BRAIDING :
j business in all its launches, IjjJ-- hook for
JAMES M. lIAIG, No 121 Baltimore St.,
I n35 fp] Four doors above Sou 111 street. '
"OPPOSITION TO .MONOPOLY."
PARK lIEDI'CKI),
NEW STEAMBOAT DINE TO PHILADELPHIA, 1
Vn CHESAPEAKE and DELAWARE CANAL, j
i DAILY (SUNDAYS excepted.) at 7;oVlk, A.M.
FAKE ONLY ft 1.50.
m The only real Opposition Line he
Baltimore and Philadelphia, j
-SKstoflßS3#L.lc:rves the wharl" corner of Light and '
; Pratt streets, EVERY .MORNING, (except Sunday,)
! at 7J o'clock, per splendid Steamer NAPOLEON, I
I Capt. Ross, to Chesapeake City, thence 14 miles
j through tile Canal to Delawa.e City, in first class j
: Packet Boats, commanded by gentlemanly and expe- !
| rieneed Captains, and thence by the splendid Steamer
i PIONEER, Capt. Bilrh rback, and arrive in Pltiladel
j phia early the same evening.
I The public arc assured that (notwithstanding the i
j false reports in .circulation, of this line having been
slopped,) it is, and will Ins continued, and noexerlion
j spared to give comfort and speed to passengers. The 1
j only change that has bet n made is in placing the
I .Steamboat PIONEER on lliis line in the stead of the. i
Steamboat Portsmouth, because of a popular Preju-|
j dice (justly founded) against this last named boat,
i Mr. Rees lias been all along and still is tiie Agent, in '
Philadelphia, of the onlv Opposition Line.
LOOK OCT FOR IMPOSITION: The Portsmouth ,
' fine is run by a "Monopolizing Company" for the
purpose of putting down the regular opposition. Ifj
you wish to keep the fare reduced from it I to .f I .CO,
■ go bv the Steamer NAPOLEON, and no other. The j
i accommodations by this line are warranted to be eipral ;
to any running.
The Line by NAPOLEON and PIONEER was!
| commenced in June, by the individual enterpri/.e of;
our own city ami Philadelphia, and H is hoped that a
, generous public will .sustain it against the Portsmouth
! /.iue lately started, and run (there is good reason to
I believe) hv the Radioed Company's agent.
GIIORGE A. RAVVLLNGS, Agent.
Office, Light, nhove Pratt st. n9
AMOS I.OVFJOY,
No. I f.l BALTIMORE STREET,
XF..IRI.Y OPPOSITE THE CLIPPER OFFICE. ]
/ EE PS constantly on hand the most extensive i
assurtment of HOSIERY, Under SHIRTS and
DRAWERS, GLOVES, WOOLLEN YARNS, ZE- |
PHYR WORSTEDS, Sic., in the city, at the lowest I
prices, wholesale or retail.
Silk Shirts and Drawo rs VYollen Yarns
do heavy American do. Fine Saxony Yams
Stout (all wool) Dom'c do. Real Saxony Hose
j Merino & stout cotton do. Alpaca and Cashmere do. !
: Ladies'S'k &Mer'o Vests Cotton and Merino do.
j Misses'& Boys'small size English Cotton Hosiery !
I Zeph.Worsteds,all shades Country knit Half Hose I
| Kinbroideiing Chennelles Germanlown Hose anddo. j
Silk, worsted ami linen Purse Silk and Ornaments
Canvass Merino Kid & Silk Gloves j
Silk Cords and Bindings Domestic Cotton Fringes !
Carpet and Furniture do. Eng. Galloons and Shoe I
White & eol'd stay do. Ribbons
Linea Tapes and Bobbins Titley's best Pat'l Thread I
Needles, pins, li'ks & eyes Parson's Spool Cotton
Pearl, gilt & lace Buttons Black and white Wadding 1
Silk Braids and Lacings Woollen Comforts, &c.
"ALLF.BASIVS MEDICINES."
riMiE above Medicines having been thoroughly !
fi tested, and become highly popular throughout
the greater part of our own, and to a considerable ex- i
tent in other countries, are now offered to the citi
zens of Baltimore, with entire confidence, and the
proprietor only asks for them a fair trial. To acorn- '
module all , a large number of agents have been cu- j
listed, and furnished with a ncai best, containing
"THE BLACK, (Or AI.LEBASI'S SALVE,"
"ALLKBASI'S HEALTH PILLS,"
"ALLKBASI'S TOOTH ACHE DROPS,"
"ALLKBASI'S POOR MAN'S PDAS PER,"
AND
"AI.I.EBASI'S INDIA RUBBER BACK PLASTER."
Each agent is also furnished with pamphlets for
general distribution, setiug forth the uses of the Mi di- !
cines, and containing testimonials from highly re- |
spectcd individuals to their value.
They are prepared by Lyman W. Gilbert, of New j
York, proprietor; and for sale hv
ROBERTS ATKINSON,
Gcncial wholesale and retail agents,
n!8 ly Cornet Baltimore and Hanover-sts. j
I UCkwilnAT CAKES. A supply of su j
8* perior CAKE TURNERS, for buckwheat and j
other cakes, just finished and for sale low by
ALFRED 11. REIP, 335 Baltimore street,
Sign of ••Gold Bath Tub,"
h3) The yd Tin Store above Globe Inn. !
874 OH HIKE. A ii::- 1 rate Winter iti eveij re
.. spect whatever, a slave—he can oouae highly re-1
toinmendi'd. Apply ijuicl |y at
SCOTTI'S Intelligence offic.
kN No. lu Exchange Place.
fIGHTI 1.1G1IT! Another supply of those!
A celebrated I.ARI) L AMI'S, at fib cents each,
just received and for sale by
ALFRED 11. RBIP,
No. 3J'i llalliin iro at.
n®l Second Tin Store abn* - e II man! sin et.
8 MII.V KUltltKK Mlii;.s-'i;i-i- in n"- ,v !
women's flg'd and plain, Just received, for sale by
TUftNEH, WIIEELWRIGIIT fcAIUDGB,
il& * dou'Jl Charles siru'.L I
PRICE ONE CENT
.! BALTIMORE LOCK HOSPITAL,
. | XQRTU FREDERICK STREET,
0\ (lie right hand hidu going from B.iliimoro-st.,
two doors from the corner—where may lie ob~
| lamed most speedy remedy for Gonorrhcna, Gleets,
L i Seminal Weaknr.s;, pain in the 1-oius, at
, I lections of the Kidneys, and every Symptom of a se-
I ere! Disease.
i A CURE VVA Rft ANTED, OR NO CHARGE MADE,
I | IN FROM ONE TO TWO DAYS.
- I Attfnuam i: from 7 in the MORNING TILL 10 at NIGHT.
'j DR. JOHNSTON,
" | A member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Licen-
I ! tiate of the Apothecary's Hall, London, and Graduate
. I from one of the first colleges in the United States, may
be consulted in ail diseases incident to the human
' j frame, but more especially in all eases <-i a
CERTAIN DISEASE.
When the misguided .md imprudent votary of plea
. I sure finds lie Ita* imbibed the seeds of this painful dis
I cine, it too often happens that an ill-timed sense of
! shame, or dread of diseo\ery, deters him from apply
-1 | mo to those who, from education and respectability,
t i <*an alone hcfriertd him, delaying till the constitutional
I si'triptonix of this hoi rid disease iniike their appear
, unec, such as ulcerated sore throat, diseased nose,
' nocturnal pains in the fiend and limbs, dimness of sight,
I ; death CHS, nodes on the si-in hours ami arms, blotches
, J on Hie head, face and extremities, progressing on with
; frightful rapidity, till at last the palate of the mouth or
'J the hones of the nose fall in and the victim of this aw
ful disease becomes a hoi rid object of commiseration,
till death puts a period to his dreadful sutfeiines, by
sending him to "that bourne whence nn traveller re
turns." To such, therefore, Dr. JOHNS'! ON pledges
. himself to preserve the most inviolable secrecy; and,
! from his extensive practice in the first hospitals of
I Europe and America he can confident!) recommend
a safe and speedy cure to the unfortunate victim of
this horrid disease.
TAKE NOTICE. Those persons who have injur
; ed their constitution* by a certain practice, speedily
I cured.
j SURG [UAL OPERATION'S on the Eye, Mich as
, for Squinting, Cataract, fcu\ Also those for Deformity
!of the Limb, suc has Club Foot, &.c., performed on
the Poor free of vhnx^t..
I SKIN DISEASES SPEEDILY CURED.
Take notice, on the right hand side of N. Frederick
street, going from Baltimore street, 2 door* from the
corner. Observe the name.
Advice to the Poor GRATIS. 028
'4l O'CLOCK I
ERICSSON'S STEAMBOAT LINE
JL FOR, PHILADELPHIA, viaCheaa-
Delaware Canal, daily, (Sun-
excepted.) for the conveyance of
1 Passengers, Merchandize. Specie, Haggage, &*., &cc.,
- fte-FROM No. 3 LIGHT STREET WuARF. The
Boats' of thin line, having been put in complete run
i nitig order, one or more will leave No 3 Light street
I wharf DAILY (Sunday excepted.) at 2; o'clock, P.M.
arriving in Philadelphia at an early hour the following
; morning, in time to connect with the New York line.
Merchandize destined for New York, Boston,or any
point eastward, will be forwarded from Philadelphia
the same day an received, free of commission. For
large shipment*, special contracts can be made at low
rales. Shippers are requested to send a memo
j random with each dray of goods, with the name of
the shipper and consignee, and also to have their goods
on the wharf by half past 1 o'clock, to insure their
I delivery in Philadelphia early next morning.
For further particulars, applv to
E. G. HARRIS, Agent,
o 10-.Tin No. 3 Light street wharf.
GREAT REDUCTION OF FARE7~~
1 AND IVCItEASED ACCOMMOIJATIOiV.
Pi In consequence of the liberal sup
t with which the BALTIMORE
aacßHSain ANI) WASHINGTON STAGE LINE
has met, the Proprietors have determined to increase
their flock,and will, until further notice, run THREE
| comfortable and expeditious nine Passenger Coaches
daily, in each direction, between Washington and
Baltimore.
•.<* They have also made arrangements
tlfty u ' l ' ! l 1"' and Rail Road
Companies, South of Washington, by
which the fare will be reduced to the following ex
: tremely low rates, viz:
For through tickets from Baltimore to Richmond. $5.00
do do do Petersburg, 5.50
do do do Wcldon, 7.50
do do do Charleston, 19.50
Fare between Baltimore and Washington, 1.50
As the Coachev will leave Baltimore immediately
| on the arrival of the Cars from Philadelphia, and leave
! Washington immediately on the arrival of the Steam
boat from the South, and pet form the tup in fivehourt,
1 passengers will reach Baltimore or Washington nearly
i or quite as early by this conveyance as by the Railroad
Line, and will be set down, free of extra charges, at
all the principal Hotels, or any other leagonable dist
ance in the city.
Passengers by this Lint are <h livercd on board the
| Steamboat at Washington, free of any extra charge,
| arid reach Richmond or any point south of it, at the
, same time, and m two dollar a and fifty cents less fart y
than by t' n Rail Road line.
The public may rely on skillful and accommodating
drivers, and every attention to theircomfort. For seat*,
or further information, apply at the Stage Office, oppo
site the Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road Depot, Pratt st.,
i next door to the Green House, and two doors west ol
Whitman's Hotel.
au'29-tf JACOB PETERS k CO.
OPPOSITION TO MONOPOLY.
FAKE KEUIICKI).
; NEW STEAMBOAT LINK TO PHILADELPHIA.
M The pioprietors of tin. |,me have
' &yiar*^Mhi<l lul '''hiiscd those large, safe anil com
nioiliouK Steamers, so well known to
the citizen, of Baltimore anil the travelling cninniu
nity generally, viz:
The "MARYLAND, Capt. LEMEEI, (J. TAYLOR.
The "OSIRIS," " JOHN D Ti'RVER.
And on the Delaware River, that suit- and comlorta
j ble Steamer "PORTSMOUTH," Capt. Jxs. DEVOB.
i j. KF.IC /VLSSE.VGEK R.IRGES,
iSki AaTL— fih'-d np in elegant style, have been
BK2&tS£S9Bpiuced on the Delaware and ( liesa-
I peake Canal-
Will leave Pratt sheet wharf, near Light s!, every
j morning, at 7J o'clock, (except Sundays.) and arriv
! ing ill Philadelphia early in the evening. f. J" Several
I hours In advance of Ihe steamer \apohun or Erries
| son Line. .£!Q
Passage $1.50.
i (BJ- Passengers landed or taken off at Ford's Land
ing. This route will lie continued until the closing of
. the navigation by lee, and resumed at its opening in
till Spring. It. M. HILL, Agent,
Office No. 123 Pratt street,
029 tf Corner of Grant street, (up stairs.)
FARE REDUCED.
FARE TO PHILADELPHIA, $1.50.
NKW STFtllllO.tr LINK RKTIYEEK
BALTIMORE AND PHILADELPHIA,
DJi\LY (Sunlaw cneph'H,) at ?J O'CLOCK M.
ur.til the Close nf the S'cvigntion.
j. liy Ihe superior, fast and commodious
?>_,■.■'••i.sV-.fteaniers NAPOLEtIN. Capt. Ross,
f4%v.ea£SK.au<l PIONEER, Cnptniu HIIUIEIIRACK,
fro n the wharf, corner of Light and Puitt street*.
Tile above splendid, fast and commodious S.ranters
having been placed on the line, will continue running
a morning line until the close of the navigation, leav
i ing the wharf, corner of Light ami Ptati streets, daily,
J (Sundays excepted,) tit 7j o'clock, P. -M.
o#-Passengers by this line will find every convr-
I liicnee and comfort required.
£J- Forward Deck Passat" only 50 cents.
GEO. A. It A tVI.I NGf, Agent, Baltimore
! oiildin H. T. IIEK.S. Arch st. wharf, Philad.
XOTIC'K TOSIIII'PKKSOF MSHCH.W
DIZE PER THE ERICSSON LINE.
MtfWfl J - " Pe k St Titos, Ci.vdk having
I IIrfrMW"""""" l iolT'est in the Frii*
. son Steamboat Line, shippers are re
J ijiie.ti d In consign tlieir goods, to be forwatded, to the
! Agents of tin- Line, to insure tit ir sal'etv and despati-h.
EDWARD G lIAIIItiS, Agent.
No. ;i Light- st wharf, Halt. MI.
A. GROVES. Jr.. Agent,
ol tf No. ill South Wharves, Ptiilad.
i 'BNtTK PREMI; \v. with Pait t of that mas
a nifieent peiiudii-al, the PICTORIAL WORLD,
lia-j ml argued at t\ X. II AKKISUN'P,
49 N. Gay -tn el.
| Embellishment- in Pari 4: I Ahheville Cathedral.
ploi.iiul steel i iigraring; •! The Cnlastioplie; H.
j Portrait of 'o '• The Church Yunl of Stoke
i I'ngl'—all steel eng. n imrs.
I {B?"'l'he I'litmi i iVcirld is to he completed in 12
parts, it 25 il-- rah- and three prcuiinnis an In he
I awarded to each sultsvi her u) J