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|Slto. #O. Pinion. YOWiOfNITOWN, IMP. aOD SAVE THE XTHXOISr. God save the Union of the States! And brighter make those stars which shone Around the hallow’d glory-day Of Freedom’s birth at Lexington. For all the blood which has been shed, For all the patriotic dead, For all the hearts which for us bled, O, save the Union of the States ! SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1865. L. M. IIAVERSTICK,) H. C. LONGNECKER, ) Editors. J. B. LONGNECK ER, J TAKE NOTICE That the “UNION” has the largest circulation of any County Paper in the State—an item of importance to advertisers. LATEST PEACE RUMORS. Friday morning papers slate that the Rebel Peace Commissioners nre within our lines, and that President Lincoln, lias gone to City Point in a special boat to to see what propositions they may have to make, before they come any farther. Important Legislation. On Wednesday January 31st, the House of Representatives of the U. S. passed the following joint resolution by a vote of 119 yeas to 56 nays. Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Repre sentatives of the United States of America in Con gress assembled , { two-thirds of both Houses con curring,) That the following Article be propos ed to the Legislature of the several States as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which, when ratified by three-fourths of said Legislatures, shall be valid, to all intents and purposes, as a part of the said Constitution ; namely: Article 13. Section 1. Neither slavery nor in voluntary servitude, except as a punishment for crimes, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Section 2. Congress shall have power to en ferClTtEis Artilcle by appropriate legislation. The Senate passed this resolution at the last session with the necessary two-third vote.— After receiving the signature of the President, the resolution will he submitted to the Legisla tures of the several States and can only become a part of the Constitution after it has been rati fied by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the whole number of States in the Union. The whole number beiug 36, it will require 27 to rat ify the resolution. There is little doubt of its receiving the approval of the required number. Thus has Congress forever as we hope, dis posed of the subject of slavery, the “fruitful source of all our woes.” From the day when the Declaration of Independence was first discussed, down to the present, slavery has been the great disturbing element in our politics, the unfailing pack-horse of corrupt measures, and the cause of all our unfortunate compromises. The very his tory of our government opens with a slavery com promise, and every succeeding page tells the sto ry of its encroachments. Had the Philadelphia Congress of 1776 insisted on preserving the Dec laration of Independence as it was drawn up by Jefferson, and faithfully carried out its spirit, it is a question whether we to-day would be fight ing to preserve the nation against its enemies.— in each succeeding era of our history, it demand ed new concessions, and new compromises.— Ana when the moral sense of the nation could no longer grant these, it deliberately took up arms to wipe out the Genius of our government and establish a new system with its own vicious spirit as the corner stone thereof. Every day serves to force the conviction deep er that slavery is the animating spirit of the re bellion. Slavery and secession go hand in hand on one side, Union and emancipation, hand in band on the other. The question is before the people. The sword has been appealed to for a decision of the contest, and by the sword alone can the question be decided.. The action of Congress is a step in the - right direction. It is one of the necessary results ot the rebellion. In the extremity to which the en emies of the government have been driven, they begin to pretend that the permanent establish ment of slavery was not the cause of the war.— “To secure their independence.” as they say, they are willing to give up slavery. Let them go ahead. They are but aiding the government in the accomplishment of its work. When both sections agree that slavery shall perish, then may we hope for that unity of sentiment, that harmony of interest, that will make the Union stronger, and the nation more powerful than jt has ever been in the palmiest days of the past. Maryland Lands. We noticed in a late number of the Denton (Caroline county,) Union, a list of sales by H. P. Chambers, Federalsburg Md., agent for Town send & Co., of Philadelphia. The wbolenumber of acres sold was 4011 for $59,050, or a little over sl4, per acre. The war and its attendant circumstances in this State, have thrown a large amount of land into the market, especially in the counties, bordering on the Chesapeake. These lands comprise almost every variety of soil, and are, in general, naturally rich and productive.— Under the system of slave labor, many large estates have been “farmed down,” and rendered practically worthless. These lands can be bought very low, and bj' putting up farm buildings, di viding into smaller tracts, liberal fertilizing and thorough cultivation, they would soon regain their native fertility. The soil is easily cultiva ted ; the seasons are longer and safer than at the North ; the climate is healthy, the cold in Winter is not severe, nor is the heat in Summer intense, on account of the proximity to the sea. By means of the bay and its numerous navigable tributaries, transportation is cheap and speedy, while Baltimore and Philadelphia always fur nish a ready market for all kinds of produce.— The soil is adapted to the production of cereals, vegetables and fruit of all kinds, and with the advantages of cheap and speedy transportation, good markets and pleasant climate, buyers would find it much more to their advantage to invest their money in Maryland, than by going to the far West. Here too, they will find good and pleasant society, with all the advantage's of civil ization. The Maryland people are known for their hospitality. Not so in many portions of the West. Society is unsettled, markets are low and transportation is high. Even here in Baltimore county there are many tracts for sale. Townsend & Kimble, whose card may be seen in another column, have a number of Baltimore county farms in their catalogue.— They are offered much lower than lands of the same quality and the same can be bought in the North. And we would suggest to onr readers in Pennsylvania, who contemplate buying land, to come to Maryland. Prices will go up, in fact are going up already. The supe rior advantages of the State, cannot long remain hid. Under the New Constitution, publicscbools will be established throughout the State, and a general impulse be given to industry and intelli gence. When all the vast natural advantages of Maryland are fully developed, and the State lias reached that position to which she is entitled, people will regret that they failed to see the op portunities now presented to tbits. Congressional and Legislative. The great work of adopting the resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution, lor the abolition of Slavery in the United .states, was the chief subject -before the House of Repre sentatives during the present session. Fourteen Democratic members voted in favor ot the bill. It will require the assent ot 27 Slates to make the resolution valid. States not voting on account of the rebellion, or from any other cause, must be counted the same as though they voted against it. It will require the absolute assent of three fourths of the States. Those that may be count ed in as certainly voting for the amendment are the following: Maine, Illinois, Now Hampshire, Michigan, Vermont, lowa, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Minncssota, Rhode Island, Missouri, New York, Kansas, Pennsylvania, Nevada, Maryland, Oregon, Ohio, California, . Indiana, West Virginia. In all twenty-two. New Jersey, Delaware and • Kentucky are doubtful. We think, however, that both New Jersey and Kentucky will finally give their consent. If the present Legislature of Delaware refuses to do so, as it possibly will, the i people will next year elect those who will do it. The vote of the reconstructed States of Tennes . see, Arkansas and Louisiana may be counted on t with certainty and will settle the question. No j time is fixed by the Constisution within which the ratification must take place, the votes of the , States beiug valid whenever cast? Gov. Bradford immediately sent a commnni j calioh to both Houses of the Legislature, an- I nouncing the adoption of the Resolution by the t House of Rcprasentaiives, expressing the hope that “Maryland will he the first State to adopt the proposed amendment.” In the Senate the Governor’s communication was referred to the Committee on Federal Relations. In the House, f the rules were suspended and it was immediately . ratified by a vole of 53 ayes to 23 nays. The response of Hon. Richard Grason to the . memorial of Hon. James S. Ridgely, in the matter -of the contested election case in Baltimore coun ty, was presented by Mr. Lee, Chairman of the ’ Committee on Elections, and ordered to be priut ed. The War. The most import*"* ...ovement that has any bearing cn- the war, is the departure of Vice President, Alexander H. Stephens, and Senators R. M. T. Hunter and J. A. Campbell of the Reb el confederacy for Washington, to confer with President Lincoln in reference to negotiating a peace. These gentlemen appeared in front of Gen. Grant’s lines on Tuesday. Mr. Seward, Secretary of State, has gone to Fortress Monroe or City Poiut, where it is supposed, he will meet the Commissioners, and ascertain the object of their mission. The Richmond Sentinel, says they come without any official character, being merely desirous to see if some amicable arrange ment can not be made for closing the war. The Washington Chronicle gives the following as the terms upon which alone the Rebels may have peace: Ist. That the Rebel armies shall lay down their arms, take the oath of allegiance to the Government of the United Stales and return, severallg, to peace ful pursuits. 2d. That the political leaders of the Rebellion shall be surrendered to the Government for exempla ry disposal. 3d. That the terms of the Emancipation Proc lamation shall at once be complied with in every part of the rebellious States. Advices from Fort Fisher, N. C., tip to Sunday last, have reached Fortress Monroe, and repre sent that several of the Union guuboats are up Cape Fear river, in the vicinity of one of the reb el forts, it is supposed, with a view of bombard ing it. An arrival at Fortress Monroe on Tuesday, from Hilton Head, S. C., on the 28th ult., re ports that Gen. Sherman’s army, was advancing steadily against Charleston, and at last accounts was within forty miles of the city. The enemy, it was stated, were beingdriven from every point at which they offered resistance Information has been received at the Navy Department, by a telegram from City Point, dated on Monday afternoon, to the effect that a torpedo boat, left by the rebels on the James riv er aground just above the obstructions in the river, during their late naval raid, has been captured by a night expedition sent out by Com modore Nichols. The boat has two good en gines and two torpedoes on board. * -m ♦- Our Book Table. The Atlantic Monthly for February has been received. Those of our readers who want a first class National Magazine, should not fail to sub scribe for the Atlantic. Terms $4.00 a year ; single numbers 35 cents. Gazlay’s Pacific Monthly. —This is the title of a new Magazine published in New York. It is devoted more especially, to the interests of the Pacific States and Territories, but promises to be a valuable accession to the general periodical literature of the country. In mining, agricul ture, science and general statistics, it will be found interesting and profitable to every one.— Terms $5.00 per year, or 50 cents a number. The Scientific American, weekly $3.00 per an num, is so well known, and has proved itself so valuable a publication in the past, that we need say nothing in its praise. Farmers and mechan ics especially should have.it. Godey's Ladies' Book and The Ladies' Friend, both indispensable to the ladies, have been re ceived for February, and are fully equal to their predecessors. The American Agriculturist, is the most valua ble farmers’ periodical published. It contains i the largest amount of valuable reading matter, for the price, of any publication in the world.— Every farmer should have a copy. Lecture of Rev. Henry W. Beecher. This well known gentleman delivered his first lecture in n Southern State, at the Maryland In stitute in Baltimore, on Friday evening last.— The proceeds were dovoted to the association for the improvement of the colored people. An im mense audience turned out to hear him, the tick ets all having been sold within forty-eight hours after the announcement was made that he would speak. Chief Justice Chase of the Supreme Court, Sec. Stanton of the War Department, Lt. Gov. Cox, Mayor Chapman, Brig. Gen. Morris, mem bers of Congress, the Stale Legislature and the city Council were seated on the platform. The lecture was au able and thorough discussion of the subject of “labor” both slave and free. His remarks were loudly applauded. After he had concluded, loud calls were made for Judge Chase, who merely stated his pleasure in hearing that Congress had finally passed the res . olution for the abolition of slavery throughout the United States. Four years ago, Mr. Beecher would have given his views on slavery before a public audience in Baltimore, at the risk of his life. To-day thousands hear him gladly, and greet him with prolonged applause. “The wtyld moves.” A Fast Age. —The Erie (Pa.) Dispatch contains the following examples of the progressive spirit of the age : A man residing in Spring township, Erie county, buried his second wife on Tuesday, i Nov. 1, 1864, and on the 12th, eleven days after, married again. His first wife died about a year ago and he was then five weeks in finding a second. Act 8e which occurred in Dryden, New 1 York, however leaves the Erie, Pa., case far > behind for enterprise. A man in that town ‘ had the misfortune to lose his wife on Sun- 1 day; on Monday le married his servaut 1 girl; on Tuesday they attended the funeral j of the deceased together, the new wife ] wearing the old one’s clothes. s spool jMauo. citizen can contribute something to the general interest of bis county paper, by sending us any items of interest that may occur in his neighborhood. Circumstances that are of little account to you, may be interesting and | valuable to your neighbor. Who gets married, i who dies, who meets with an accident, whose j house or barn is burned, who opens a new store | or hotel, who starts a new business, whose horse ( runs away, who makes any marked improvements on his farm, who keeps llie last stock, *who rais es the largest crops, who intiodue’es the best la bor saving machines. All these things and a thousand others if promptly reported to us, would add to the interest and value of the Union. No mutter about the orthography and penman ship. We will see that everything is put in proper shape. Only send us the items. - ■■■♦• ■ Enrollment and Draft.—The following is a correct table of the present enrollment in each sub district of the second Congressional district. The table of quotas is not entirely correct, sever al districts of Harford county will have less, while some of the others will have a few more.— Next week we hope to publish a similar table Ibr I tie districts of Baltimore county included in the sth Congressional district: Baltimore County. , Enrolment. Quota. sth Elec. District, 210 34 Glh “ “ 218 29 7th “ “ 255 36 9th “ “ 4.10 59 lOth “ “ 215 27 llth “ “ 297 47 12th- “ “ 352 55 Harford Connty. Enrolment. Quota. Ist Elec, District, 275 41 2d “ “ 354 • 39 3rd “ “ -484 83 Ith “ “ 342 49 sth “ “ 40G 46 6lh “ “ 188 29 Baltimore City. Enrolment. Quota. Ist Ward, 1255 162 2d “ 1533 176 3rd “ 1389 176 4th “ 1065 1 18 sth " 136 S 182 6th “ 1223 171 7th “ 1113 153 Total for di5t......12,957 1,712 Orphan’s Court.—Persons w ho have-any busi ness to transact with this body, should take no tice that it is itv Session at the Court House on Tuesday and Wednesday of each week. Skatmg.—The skating mania has broken out in Maryland this season. Baltimore city had it badly. From the truant-playing school-boy of eight, up to the staid business man of forty; from the pert young miss who don’t go out with out her mamma, up through the bewitching gra dations of feminine beauty, to the over-modest spinster of an uncertain age—every body skated or fried to skate. Business, war, peace, theatres, lectures, operas, were all cast aside for the time, and every one slid into the nearest pond of frozen water. Hardware men and railroad companies alone handled green backs. |“Where’s the best skatiug?” became the question “on change,” instead of “How’s gold?” or “How’s ile?”— Swann Lake was largely patronized by the ska ters. The ice was in fine order, solid, glib and glossy, with plenty of space. • It is estimated that several thousand persons were gliding about on its smooth surface, during last week. We went down one day to see the sport. It was ex citing. About a thousand persons of both sexes and all sizes, performing all sorts of gymnastic motions, gliding about like the wind, tumbling and rolling, tripping and slipping, most confus edly intermingled. It looked very easy to skate, and we concluded to try it. We buckled on our skates and struck out. Our feet insisted on go ing too fast for the body, and after leaving several fine phrenologic impressions of our cranium on the ice, we started home profoundly convinced that skating wasn’t “our forte.” Towson Lyceum.—This association met as usu al on Wednesday night, with a crowded house. The question “Does mental culture tend to the moral improvement of mankind?” was very thoroughly discussed by Messrs. Jno. T. Ensor, 11. L. Bowen, It. M. Price and J. N. Wisner, on the Affirmative, and Messrs. It. G. McGinn, Benj. N. Payne and L. M. Ilaversliek, on the Negative. Decision in favor of the Negative.— The Debate was protracted to a late hour. Programme for next Wednesday evening:— Declamation by H. C. Longnccker; Address by Lewis 11. Wheeler, Esq.; Question for Debate: —Should the sexes be equally educated ? Affir mative, Messrs. Wisner, ltutter and Ilaverstick. Negative, Messrs. Payne, McGinn and Price. On the following Wednesday ev’g, Feb., 15th, Dr. McKendree Reilly of Baltimore, will deliv er a Lecture for the benefit of the association, in the Court House. From the well known ability of Dr. Reilly, we bespeak for him a good audi ence. Tickets of admission can be had at all the principal business places in Towsontown. Price 25,cents; children 10 cents. Subject—‘ Poetry and Poets.” Accident.—A boy named Clifton Pearson, re siding with the family of Mr. John P. Cuddy in the 10th District, was considerable injured on the morning of the 20th ult., by being thrown from a colt. It appears the colt threw him over its head and then tramped on him, inflicting a very severe cut, some fouror fiveinchesin length, on the back part of his head. He was otherwise injured about the face and neck. None of the family were at home at the time but Mr. Cuddy’s daughter, who immediately applied the necessary remedy and the boy is doing well. Another.—A son of Mr. Thomas Francis, re siding near Sweet Air, who is a member of Co. D, 7th. Md. Regt., lately returned from the front on a short furlough. On Friday, 27 th ult., ahorse which lie was riding slipped on the ice and fell, severely injuring the young man. Being unable to return to his regiment at the expirafion of his furlough, Mr. Francis, Sr., reported the fact to the military authorities at Baltimore, who, we presume, granted au extension of his leave of absence. The injured man is attended by Dr. S. L. Moores, and we are glad to learn, will soon be able to return to duty. The York Turnpike.—We were surprised the other day, to learn from one of the Directors of this road, that no dividend has been paid to the stockholders during the last eighteen months.— The salaries of all the employees have been in creased so as to correspond with the advanced cost ofliving, and a great deal has been expend ed in repairing and keeping the road in good or der. The company have shown their liberality and public spirit in this matter. And with this fact before the public, no one should complain at the increase which has been made in the tolls.— This increase was rendered necessary to make the road sustain itself. The same remarks apply to the Rail Road. Enterprises which contribu ted so much to the geueral prosperity and conve nience of the county, certainly deserve to be sustained. We all hope the time will soon come, when everything will return to its former stand ard. Until.then we must expect to pay to oth ers the increase which we demand for our own products, rendered ueccssury by the circumstan ces of the war. The Draft in Baltimore County.—A corres pondent from the 3rd election district informs us that a committee has been appointed in that dis trict to solicit contributions for the purpose of buying substitutes to relieve the district from draft. The committee meets with considerable success. Our correspondent also states that prop erty holders are generally in favor of having the County Commissioners make an appropriation to pay an additional bounty. A meeting of those interested in the Draft in the 9th district, was held at Towsontown, on Thursday. As the Legislature has takin no def inite action on the Bounty Bill, nothing was done at the meeting. Why do our Legi-lators persist in delaying the passage of the Bounty Bill? To they want the State to lose her men, and a Draft to fall especially heavy on the agri cultural districts ? Composed for the Baltimore County Union. A Miscellaneous Enigma. My 5, 15, 29,17, 32, 21, 5, is aconntrvin Europe. My 9, 22, 16, 1, 26, 31, 6. 21, 3, 11,'is the capi tal of one of the United States. My 20, 14, 29, 3, i 3 a useful member of the body. My 2, 12, 5, 27, 24, is something we cannot live without. My 13, 19, 30, is something useful in every family. My 18, 25, G, 14, is a county in California. My 4, 28, 29, 7, 10, 23, is a capital of one of the • States. My whole is something we wish to see. J. & E. 11., Towsontown. • ■ The Weather.—Jack Frost relaxed his firm i hold a little on Monday last, and a gradual thaw , has commenced. We have not experienced such a continuous season of extreme cold weather in ' this latitude for a number of years. The ice crop has been abundant and of good quality. All the 1 streams are represented as being filled with the ( frozen mass, and it is feared that great loss of 1 life and property will ensue should there be a < sudden thaw, with rain, ‘ 1 A Good Opening.—Mrs. Sliealey, who lias for i some lima past, privately offered her store i goods and fixtures for sale, has not yet made a I ( definite disposal of them. No one who has any , knowledge of business nud business facilities, , can fail to see the many advantages posessed by Mrs. Shealey’s stand. We are confident it it were more generally known that her stock is for sale, there would be many anxious for the op- , portunity of buying. Missionary Collection.— Last Suuday the an nual Missionary sermons were preached in the M. E. Churches throughout the country, and col lections taken up for this cause. At Epsom the Rev. J. S. Deale preached a most interesting aud effective sermon from Mal. 111. 8. “Will a man rob God?” Although the eougregtaion was small, about SIOO were collected. The collec tions in the city are represented to have been uuusually liberal. Robbery in tue County. —At a late hour of Sunday night the residence of Mrs. Win; McDon ald, “Guilford,” on the York turnpike, was burglariously entered, and a number of articles, &c., the value of Which was not learned, stolen. No clue has yet been obtained to the perpetrators. American. Singular Death. —At the Swann Lake yester day afternoon a young lady, named Maria liaus, while engaged in skating, was tripped up, caus ing a fracture of the left arm, leg and jaw. She was removed to her residence, near the Bolton depot, and died shortly after dark.— Clipper of Tuesday. ♦ + Official Changes. —Joseph J. Stewart, Esq., of Towsontown, Collector of Internal Revenue, for the Second District, has been transferred to the position of Assessor for the Third District, vice Win. E. Beall, removed. James L. Ridgely, Esq., of this county, has been appointed Mr. Stewart’s successor. Substitutes. —Wtu. 11. Bayzaud, theold estab lished and reliable agent whose card will be found in another column, can furnish you with these “disagreeable necessities,” on advantageous terms. - ■ ■ ' Coughs, Colds, &c.— Read’s Syrup of Liver wort is just the thing to cure these afflictions. - * Correspondence of the Union. To the Farmers. As the season for the farmers work 13 fast ap proaching, perhaps a few hints may prove accep table. We do not pretend to instruct the expe rienced or intelligent planter. But even be may be reminded of some forgotten fact. “Order is Heaven's first law.” Bjlt no one business seems to be so void of it as the farming interest, and yet without it, no man need ever expect to suc ceed in his undertaking. This is the time, for the farmer to arrange his plan of operations for the Spring campaign. During the long winter evenings, you should take a plat of your farm, and arrange your grouuds into sections. Then ascertain what crops best succeed in certain kinds of soil. Those having been cultivated the past season should always have the crop chang ed. In doing this, remember that some crops succeed others much better than those of a simi lar kind. Always follow root crops with sur face plants, or vici versa. In arranging, do not let your eyes be larger than your ability. The great error made by even the most experienced, is the planting more land than they can properly cultivate. One acre well tilled will produce more than five, half worked. Then all manures do not suit to all grounds or vegetables. This is a matter that should claim especial attention from the planter, for many crops have been en tirely ruined by a false application of fertilizers. But be sure to manure. Money spent in this way, is the best possible investment you can make. It will pay a better interest than any stock now in market. Speud every dollar and every moment in making and hauling manure. You will never regret it. We all know the earlier we can get our vege tabls or produce in the market, the better it will pay. Now is the time to prepare for it. Du ring this month every farmer who is without, should prepare a Hot-bed, and start bis plants of all kinds. Then by the time the season is fit for out door work, tfflhas a fine lot of stocky plants ready for the grounds, thereby gaining at least six to eight weeks of time. It costs but little to do this and pays largely. It is the little things that pay us the best interest o'n our labor. Vug etabh s of all kinds will and are paying largely. Grain crops will not pay in this thickly settled country, where land and labor are so high.— Fruits of all kinds will in a few years be one of the largest crops of this section. What pays better now? just think of selliug large pears at twenty cents a piece at whole sale! This was the ruling price the past season, and everything else lias been in proportion. These few remarks are only thrown out to be followed by some more lengthened and more substantial article. We propose in a future article to show the great ad vantages the country offers to young men to set tle down as tillers of the soil, rather than spend their life, health and morals, in the vain attempt to gain what but few ever reach in cities, viz : riches. Farmer. Corresjiondence of the Union. Baltimore County, \ January 28lh, 1865. / Messrs. Editors of the Union : Gentlemen —As one of your subscribers feel a deep iuterest in j r our prosperity and suc cess for the noble ’and praiseworthy course, in the good work in which you are engaged, in ad vocating Union, liberty, kindness, forbearance, nnd the unity of the Union men of the county. Already much good has been done by the concil iatory course which you have seen fit to advo cate. A union has taken place. Those many heart burnings and petty growls which for a time distracted the Union men of the county, thank 3 to an All Wise Providence, and the efforts of your paper are rapidly passing away. May we not hope, with such a feeling prevailing iu our midst, actuated by love of country, that the day is not far distant when treason, its aiders and abettors, will be crushed out —with peace and happiness abounding as in by-gone days.— To accomplish this, much is required on the part of every Union man. Each and every one must be active and vigilant in the good work. Edi tors are expected to spread broadcast, facts to enlighten the people. On the part of the people it is necessary that the publisher should be. sus tained, ever remembering that “time is money,” and that he who labors for the public good should be amply compensated for his services. To accomplish this, I would urge upon all, the importance of giving a liberal support to your enterprise. Thus we may soon hope to see the Baltimore county Union paying its weekly visit to every family in the county. Mechanic. Tiik Bi.air Mission. —The Philadelphia Evening Telegraph, of Monday in double leaded type boldly asserts that the Blair mission is not a failure and that peace is near at hand. The Washington correspon dent of the same paper telegraphs: The mission is not a fizzle to the full meaning of the word, but simply delayed by the inexplicable confusion, jealousy, in tense wrangling, and bickering among Hie officials of the Confederacy at Richmond. I repeat il, Blair’s peace negotiations have not exploded, but are only delayed, as the public will very soon be officially informed. The New-York Tribune replying to some comments of the Evening Post, says: We did, and do, expect much from Mr. Biair’s efforts though we never supposed < that our country would be pacified quite so easily or so promptly as two boys might swap jack-knives. And we say again that ( we believe peace to be not fur off. The Amenities ok tiie Picket LiNB.-The following is a copy of a letter thrown over to our men on picket at the front: “Gentlemen —There is one thing you have 1 got and I want; that is a masonic breastpin. 1 You will know nte by having a red ribbon | tied to my gun. I have not got any tobac- 1 co with me, but I will be on picket to-mor- i row night and will have some. You must think hard of us not answering when yon speak. Our officers are very strict on us.— 1 1 wish the privates on both sides would 1 come to some conclusion nnd stop this war. ] 1 think we could make peace right off.— Don’t gather arouud those front holes in squads. The officers order us to fire, but j we don’t. All the shooting done in the 1 day time is done by them. If you throw I any thing over bo sure and throw it as far 1 as you can.” 1 .•*. < The Draft Commutation Fund. —The | amount of the commutation fund is report ed by the Provost Marshal Geueral to be $12,171,000, a portion of which has been assigned for the payment of bounties re- ] quired by raising new troops. It is believ-, ] ed, however that lhero will be sufficient to 1 pay the owners of slaves enlisted as volun* < teers the compensation already allowed l?y j the act of Congress, i The End at Hand—An English View. “Midwinter,” says the London Daily News of January 3, “brings no pause in the shock and hurry of war in the American campaign and the same paper adds : “If the North still remains able to.keep up its armies to at least their present standard, while the South cannot renew ili regular for ces, nor rouse tha patriotism of its members t> further sacrifices, it is evident that the end is at length coming within sight. It must not, indeed, be looked for suddenly. A great and tried army like Lee's cannot .be suddenly dis posed of by any opponent less than a Napole on. Even Hood may rally a portion of his force and make a stout fight still in the strong positions on the Tennessee. But, on the other hand, it is impossible not to see in the accounts of the fighting that now reach us, that a knowl edge of their fate has greatly altered the mor a/e of the contending forces. There is at once a dash and stubborn energy in theatlae.ks of the Federals which were not traceable in their-lirst encounters, while the Southerners, whose wild er manner of life, whose reckless contempt of death, and whose skill as shots gave them in the opening of the war a distinct superiority, now tight as brave men do who are ashamed to yield, but wlto yet know that they fight in vain. And those who are still with Hood or Lee are, it must be remembered, the heartiest who are loft. They are those who doubted not of success, and who shrank not from the dan gers and sufferings necessary to insure it.— When these begin to doubt, the end must be approaching. “But the facts we have been reviewing not only show us the end of the war, but they open to us a happier prospect of what will bo after the war. The theory advanced by some of our contemporaries, that the North coil Id never hold the South, even after the Southern armies are beaten frenu the field, is plainly untenable. The fiery spirits will be gone, and those who were too indifferent to fight will certainly not have energy to resist when the fight is over.— It is to he kept in view that there is, after all, no difference of face, or speech, or law, to main tain a feeling of hostility. There is nothing to prevent Northern settlers from amalgamating with Southern residents. The negro question being settled, there will be nothing to maintain a distinction between the two sections. En gaged in the same pursuit?, resorting to the same courts, electing member to the same leg islature, there will be nothing in this case re sembling those in which a nation is overrun and deprived: of its rights by an alien Power. Southerners will recover their rights by sub mission, they will stand on a footing of perfect equality with the victor's. We all know how rapidly, when the Highlanders of Scotland ha d been disarmed, they became among the most loyal of their fellow subjects. Yet their case was one in which there were fundamental dis tinctions between them and their subjugators not to be found between Federals and Confed erates. No doubt there will he an intervening period in which military law must prevail till perfect order is restored. Those who make the pretence of acting as guerillas after the regular war is over an excuse for murdering and plun dering, must be repressed by the-firm rules which in every country, and under every sys tem of law, punish individual crime. This will be an inevitable concomitant .of the period of transition from war to legality. But when the foul dream of building up a Slave Empire is over, there will be nothing left to light about ; and a people who have nothing to maintain dissension about, and who are in the enjoyment of common rights, common liberties, common privileges, will speedily unite to put down those whose disorders will be only a common bane.” Principles of Taxation. One of the most important duties of Congress, is the providing of a just and sufficient Revenue system. Taxes heretofore have borne so lightly on the people, that few have given the subject much practical attention. We copy the follow ing leading principles of taxation from the N. York Tribune, and commend them to the atten tion of our readers : I. Taxes should be so levied Gs not to. discour age, much less■ paralyze, productive Industry. — This rule has been pretty generally regarded in framing our past Internal Revenue hills ; but the imposition of three to five per cent on nearly ev ery kind of domestic manufacture i 3 hardly con sistent with it. As a War-tax, this may for a time be endured ; but it is ,objectionable as a part of ft permanent system. 11. The diffusion of knowledge, especially of an elementary character, should, under a popular Gov ernment, be left free and encourayed to the greatest possible extent. Our five per cent excise on Books, particularly school-books, is a clear infraction of this rule. I t should be one of the first taxes taken olf or essentially modified. 111. Articles of luxury, especially those of a pernicious or perilous character, should be taxed heavily. All Intoxicating Beverages, especially Distilled Liquors, come under the purview of this rule. So do Tobacco and other narcotics; so do all manner of implements of gaming, &c., &c. — Our laws as they now stand conform in the main to this rule, though less consistently and efficient ly than we could wish. IV. Tuxes should be so levied as to diminish the number of those who live awl thrive by voca tions which contribute nothing to the wealth or well being of the country, or of the human family. We apprehend that this rule is not generally under stood, yet it is important and salutary. Let us suppose it conceded that the use of Alcoholic Beverages is wholesome, proper, or at all events inevitable; it is nevertheless true, that to employ and subsist One Million of our people mainly by the Liquor Traffic when it might be adequately prosecuted and sufficiently diffused though the number employed in or subsisted by it were re duced to One Hundred Thousand : here is an enormous misdirection of our National energies, a ruinous subtraction from the aggregate product of our National industry. If hut half our peo ple now employed in and subsisted by the sale and dispensation of noxious stimulents were won thence to Productive Labor, the wealth of our country would be largely and rapidly augment ed. So with regard to the traffic in narcotics — and, in fact, to traffic generally. We have far too many' traders, too many speculators, too ma ny parasites on the body'politic, living by arts that contribute nothing to the sum of human well being—by ministering to appelies that need to be chastened and regulated rather than inci ted and inflamed. Taxation should take note of this, and adapt itself to the end of winning so many as may be won from needless, if not hurt ful, into productive and beneficent vocations. —These hints might be largely extended.— Who can deny that a license of at least SIOO per annum required of each practicing lawyer would give us better law and more justice, while large ly counteracting the tendency to a glut in the lawyer market? And ifwe might thus win thous ands of capable, efficient persons from an una vailing quest of suits, into vocations whereiu they are needed and eonld not fail to be immediately and signally useful, why not? A Husband’s Indebtedness.— The Su preme Court of New York has decided that a husband was liable for his wife’s debts, even though the parties were separated.— The wife of the defendant, it appears, bought a set of furs valued at three hundred and thirty-five dollars and ordered the bill to be sent to her husband. The latter de clined to pay the bill, on the ground that his wife had seperated from him and was living with another man. The plaintiff brought a suit to recover the indebtedness when the jury rendered a verdict iu his fa vor for the full amount claimed. Husbands, who have truant wives, should learn a cau tion from this. The Coal Trade of the United States. The Pottsville Mining Journal states that the anthracite coal trade of the year just passed amounts to 9,992,807 tons an increase of 557,624 tons. With the bituminous coal the total amount is 11,941,139 tons. The increase of domestic coal is C 30.000 tons. The decrease in foreign coal was 499,167 tons. The colliery capacity of the differ ent regions is ample to supply all the coal the market will require. Miners and labor ers are more abundant also than they were at the beginning of the season. The sup ply of coal in 1865 will depend altogether on the transportation capacity to convey it to market. Letters Acknowledging the Receipts of Money Must be Stamped.—Commission er Lewis writes to a New York firm in re ply to an inquiry “that where the acknowl edgement of a sum of money or a debt due is contained in a letter, such is a valid le gal receipt for the money, and if the amount exceeds S2O, it requires a stamp of two cents. If A B addresses a letter to CD, saying: Your letter of January, 14, enclosing SIOO on account, has been receiv ed,’ I do not see how the case differs from the one where he writes: ‘Received from C D. SIOO on account.’ Both are receipts.” Murder. —A clerk in the Treasury de partmental Washington named Andrew J. Burroughs, was shot dead on mondiiy last while leaving his room', by a woman from Chicago, who claims that Burroughs had proved false to her in a marriage engage ment. The Bii.lto Aroi.tsh Slavery in West Virginia.— The following is the bill offer ed in the House : De it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia: 1. All persons held to service or labor as slaves iu this slate are hereby declared free. 2. There shall hereafter be neither slave ry nor involuntary servitude in this State, except in punishment of crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. Within the past ten days an exact re cord has been kept of the weight of mail matter forwarded from the New-York Post- Office over internal routes. The amount was 418, 544 lbs., or more than 20 tuns per day. It is estimated that, including foreign steamer mails and all other matter, the clerks in this office receive and send out about 45 tuns per day. harbor at Baltimore has been fro zen up during the late cold season, so that no vessels could run up to the city. Oys ters and everything else depending on wa ter transportation, in consequence, became very scarce and were advanced in price.— The Fortress Monroe Steamers landed at Annapolis, and]transferred their passengers and freight to the Rail Road. Strength of the Conff-derate Armies.- The New York Herald published what purports to boa complete roster of the Confederate armies. It consists, according to this account, of 170,000 men, of which 70,000 belong to the Army of Northern Virginia. The Prodigals Returning.—The St. Louis Republican says that Gen. lthoddy of the Rebel army has accepted the l*resi dent’s amnesty proclamation, and will soon return to his home in Tennessee. Northern Central Railway Com pany are making .preparations to rebuild their engine-house and shops in Sudbury recently destroyed by fire. !*g“P. T. Kennard, Esq., has been ap pointed State’s attorney for Talbot county vice Win. B. Clark, Esq., deceased. THE MARKETS. Baltimore, Febuary 3. FLOUR—Howard Street Super.sll.oo@sll.l2s “ “ Retailing Extra SI 1.60 “ “ Family $60.U0@513.00 “ City Mills Super sll.oo@soo.oo “ Baltimore Family $13.75 Ohio Super sll.oo@soo.oo “ Extra $11.50@500.00 “ Family sl3.oo@s<io.oo CORN MEAL per barrel '. $3.00@50.00 GRAIN —White Wheat 275@286 cts. Red Wheat 267@268 cts. White Corn. 185@190 cts. Yellow Corn 180@185cts. Oats, (weight,) 95@96 cts. Rye 180 @lB5 cts. PROVISIONS—Bacon Shoulders 21 @22 cts. “ Sides 23@24 cts. Hams s. cured 25@2fl cts. SALT—Ordinary brands, fine, SL3O@SL3S Ground Alum ......$3.00@53.25 Turks Island, per bushel, 000@100 WHISKEY—(Ohio) $2.35@52.37 MARRIED, On the 21st of December, by Rev. W. War ren. Gkorue Ty son Sr. to Miss Lizzie Eaton, all of Baltimore County. Ou the 29th of December, at the residence of the brides’ mother, by Rev.F. E. Creever, Eli tha Stabler to. Miss Ettie Gelispa, both of Baltimore county. . On the 30th ultimo, by the Rev. J. R. Nichols, at his residence, Brian O. LAUGHLiNtoMissjEM -1 ma Brown, both of Baltimore. On the 26th ult., by Rev. H. C. Pardoe, Isaac TiiaNßAiiGH to Miss Francis R. Foster all of Baltimore county. ’ i)IEl), In Ohio, on the morning of the 29th of Decem ! her, Mary relict of the late Walter Billingsley formerly of Baltimore County. ’ On.the 31st instant, in the full hope of a bliss ful immortality, George L. son of Levi and Naomi Hoffman, of Baltimore county, in the : 23d year of his age. ! At Warren; on the 16th ultimo, of consump tion, Martha M. Lbsouru, in the 44th year of , her age. i Near Pikcsville, on the 20th ultimo, Aggie, daughter of Martin and Mary Yingling, aged 7 years. A w ay from earth ! away from care 1 No more thy form we see, For thou hast soared above to share The bliss prepared for thee. A sister and a brother here Are left to mourn their loss ; A father and a mother dear To bear the heavy cross 1 But Aggie's gone whence death no more Her presence shall remove; Where all is bliss, and all is power And everlasting love. Thrice happy then is she who now No more life's sorrows knows ; No more to fear or anguish bows, Nor feels her earth-born woes. O. C. M. At his residence iii Baltimore county on Sat urday 28th ult., after a short but painful illness Thomas Richardson, Sr., in the 86th yenr of his age, in the hope of a blissful immortality. New Advertisements. WANTED, AT THIS OFFICE, A GOOD SIZED BOY OR MAN, white or colored. Steady employment and good wages will be given. Apply immediately. Feb. 4.—4 t. PUBLIC SALE. WILL be sold at Public Sale, at the resi dence of the subscriber, “Piney llill,” 20 miles from Baltimore,on the York Turnpike, On Tuesday, February 21 st, 1865, (if fair, if not, the next fair day,) at 10 o’clock A. M., the following valuable Stock and Farming Implements, viz: TWO GOOD WORK HORSES, One young Brood Mare, 2 three-year-old Colts, one a superior Black Hawk, 1 two year-old Colt, EIGHT HEAD OF MILCH COWS, One four-horse power Threshing Machine, (Pel ton’s patent.) nearly new, 1 BROAD-TREAD WAGON, nearly new, 1 Family Carriage, one new Hay Carriage, one Farm Bed, one English Market Bed, one good stone Bed. two sets of Breech bands, two sets Lead Harness, Plow Gears, Chains, Collars, Bridles and Halters. Also, one Horse Rake, Fnrrow Plows, Culti vators, Double Shovel Plows, Spreaders, Single and Double Trees, Forks Rakes and a great va riety of other articles too numerous to mention. Terms of Sale :—All sums of $lO and under, Cash ; all suras over that amount six months credit with note and approved security. MARTIN CONN. WILLIAM FOSTER, Auctioneer. Feb. 4.—3t* Farm in the sth District, Baltimore County, at PRIVATE SALE. rpiHE undersigned offers at Private Sale the I Farm upon which he now re sides, in the sth district, Balti-j^ aa j < county, about 24 miles JflllL from Ballimorecity, by theHan-iiliUHi over Turnpike, on the road leading from St. Paul’s Church to Zoucksville,onemile from the former, and half a mile from the latte place, containing 168 ACRES OF LAND, more or less, about one half of which is clear ed and under cultivation, the balance covered with good Timber. The improvements arc a good Dwelling House, Barn, Corn House, Granary and other outbuild ings; it is well watered, a spring being near the dwelling, and a branch running through the Farm. This property is worthy the attention of per sons desiring to purchase, the soil being of good quality, having all been well limed within a few years, is in close proximity to the thriving village of Zoucksville, and convenient to Mills, Churches, Schools, Stores, 4c. Terms will be made known upon application to the owner. JOHN T. COLE. Feb. 4.—4 t. TO REAL ESTATE OWNERS? THE undersigned are nowdealing extensive ly in the sale of FARMS and LANDS in all parts of Maryland, especially in Baltimore eon nty. Those desiring to sell at good prices, will send ua a full description. Ho Sale no Charge. v All Legal Claims of soldiers prosecuted. Address, BATON * CO., Baltimore, i Office—No. 26 St Paul Street between Lex ington and Fayette. Feb. 4, 1866.—tf. New Advertisements. PUBLIC SALE. f |MIE subscriber being about to relinquish -L farming, will sell at Public Sale, at the •ratrmir* residence of the late Charles B. Gorsuch, situated on the Turnpike near eysville, <>n Thursday, the 23rd day of February, 1865, at 121 o’clock P. M.,thefollowingproperty, viz: Horses. 1 valuable Cow, Poultry, Farming Utensils, consisting of one Wagon for tYVO <>r three horses, nearly new, Plows, Harrows, Cul tivators, floes, Rakes, Forks, Grain Cradle and Scythes, Wagon and* Plow Harness, a lot of Bacon and Potatoes, 2 parlor and I cook Stove, a lot of extra Pipe, Churn and Dairy Fixtures. Also, Household and Kitchen Furniture, and many other articles about a farm too tedious to mention. Terms made known on day of sale. NELSON R. GORSUCH. SAMUEL G. WILSON, Auctioneer. JetuTbo Farm on which 1 lately resided for Rent to a good tenant. N. R. G. Feb. 4.—3t* Special Notice. Headquarters for Drafted and En rolled Men for the City and Counties. WANTED this dav, FIFTY good Alien or Contraband SIIBSTITUES, for which we will pay the highest price. We invite all of our friends (who are subject to draft; not to fail in ptocuring a Substitute for three years, previous to draft, which may take place in a few days; (and as our motto was from the first, so it is now, to deal fairly with all men ) As time is money, you can call and leave your orders and no further personal time would be required and your full discharge papers for three years would be brought to your place of business for settlement. v.’c uo not ask for money in advance, call early at the “OLD ESTABLISHED OF FICE," Law Buildings, St Paul street, Room No. 6, up 9tairs. WM. IL BAYZAND A CO., Feb. 4.—2 m. ' Authorized Agents. SMALL FARM AT PRIVATE SATE. riMIE undersigned wishes to dispose of his I place, situated in the 10thdistrict, (SfUfr Baltimore county, about .SjpPmiles from Sweet Air, adjoining If MtgjgL of Henry W. Morrison, N. Henderson and others, at private sale. The tractconsistsof 30 ACRES, about 4 Acres of which are covered with good Chestnut Tim ber. The improvements are a good two story DWELLING HOUSE, with the ueccssary Out buildings. can be had within one mile. Terms of Sale:—One-half cash, balance in twelve mouths. (The tract can be increased by buying adjoining lands.) MARTIN KELLEY, Sweet Air P. 0., Baltimore county, Md. Feb. 4.—3t* THIS IS TO GIVE NOTICE, that the sub scriber has obtained from the Orphans’ Court of Baltimore county', letters of admin istration on the estate of MARION J. HASLUP, late of said county, deceased. All persons hav ing claims against the said estate, are hereby warned to exhibit the same Yvith the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, On or before the 7th day of September, 1865 ; they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of said estate. Those indebted to said estate are requested to make immediate payment. Given under my hand this Ist day of February,lß6s. LAURA A. HASLUP, Feb. 4.—4t* Administratrix. THIS'ISTOGIVE NOTICE, that the sub scriber has obtained from the Orphans’ Court of Baltimore county, letters testamen tary on the estate of MARY PALMER, late of said county, deceased. Alt persons hav ing claims against the said estate, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, On or before the 7th day of September, 1865 ; 1 they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of said estate. Those indebted to said estate are reqdested to make immediata payment. Given under my hand this 31stday of Januarv, 1865. SAMUEL H. TAGART, Feb. 4 —4l* Executor. TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN? NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That thirty days from the day of the date hereof, I intend to apply to the County Commissioners of Baltimore county, for the laying out of a Public Road on the bed of an old mill road, be ginning at the Falls Road, near John White lord’s, and running thence on the line between Whiteford’s and Leafs until it intersects with McDonnal’s laud ; thence through the lands of McDonnal, Whiteford, Clark, Geist and Wor thington, to a lane running between Shipley and McDonnal, thence along said lane until it intersects a public road leading from Oregon Furnace to Texas. FERDINAND GERDLING. Feb. 4.—st* JACOB HOFF?! IN, SADDLE, HARNESS AND COLLAR MAN UFACTURER. No. 176 North Gay Street, Baltimore. MANUFACTERESand keeps constantly on hand all kinds of light and heavy Har ness, Collars, Saddles, Bridles, Whips, 4c. Old Harness taken in exchange. Country work of all kinds punctually attended to. Repairing promptly executed. Feb. 4.—3 m. * NOTICE. A MEETING of the PR ICE VILLE DRAFT CLUB will be held at SCOTT’S SCHOOL HOUSE, on Monday, 6 th instant, at 7 o'clock. All the members of the Club are earnestly requested to be present, as business of impor tance will be before the Club for theireonsider ation. By order of the PRESIDENT. Feb. 4.—lt. VALENTINES! SENTIMENTAL AND COMIC VELENTINES, FANCY CARDS, VALENTINE WRITERS, ENVELOPES, 4c., 4c., for sale by L. VOGLE, Agent for Q. L. X. P, Valentine’s Day, Feb. 24th. Feb. 4-2 t TO CONTRACTORS. Office of the Dulaney’s Valley a Sweet) Air Turnpike Company, r S~-v January 26th, 1865. J EALED PROPOSALS will be received by the President aW Directors of the Dula ney’s Valley and SweH Air Turnpike Compa ny in Baltimore county,wntil WEDNESDAY, at 12 o’clock M., February \bthf^ B6s, for the grading of three of said Turn pike Road, and making thereon; .an artificial road of stone, sixteen feet wide, c&mmencing with the third (3rd) mile of said road. Parties offering must state the price pe-F.milo, and also designate which mile they bid for, or they may bid for the whole work. * Parties can obtain further information by tlf’* plying to the undersigned. The Board of Directors reserve the right to reject any or all proposals. Bids to be addressed to the undersigned at Long Green Post Office, Baltimore Countv, Md. EDW. R. SPARKS, Jan. 28.—3 t. Secretary. FRANK L. MORLING, FLORIST. SEEDSMAN AND NURSERYMAN, Store No. 2 North Eutaw, Street, Baltimore, Nurseries on the Hookstowu Road Adjoin ing Druid llill Parle, WOULD invite the attention of the citizens of the county, to his Stock M J&M.. §of GARDEN SEEDS. Jtign FLOWER SEEDS, FRUIT®SaH§& TREES, GRAPE VINES, 1 Small Fruits. Evergreeu and Ornamental Shade Trees, Green House, Hot House and Hardy Plants, Roses and Flowering Bhrubs. I will be prepared to furnish early in the season, the following Plants:—Cabbage Let tuce, Celery, Tomato, Egg Plants, Ac., Ac. Jan. 28.—3 m. ALL persons indebted for subscription, ad vertising or job work to the late County Advocate establishment, either to K. F Church, or U Church k Haverstick, are request, ed to make payment at the Union office, ToW sontown, as early as convenient. Persons to whom I have lent bills for amount due me for the paper, individually, to January Ist, 1864, will please add to the same $1.25 far the year 1864, due the firm of Church A Hav er stick, and forward either to me, or to the Unton office. I still reside iu Towsontown. Jaa. JB—tf. E. F. CHURCH,